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overwhelmed by more than 800,000 new cases each year. The average civil trial lasts more than five years, and civil suits could continue for decades. Additionally, only 8 percent of lawsuits result in a definitive sentence or court-imposed settlement. Of the rest, 90 percent are eventually resolved through mediation outside the courts or settlement between the parties.
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Amnesty Law, since military courts were more likely to grant amnesty without a full investigation. Military courts have the authority to charge and try civilians for terrorist acts, aggressions against on duty police or military personnel, and sedition. Persons arrested during demonstrations for assaulting a police officer also are brought before military tribunals.
876:, is a very important goal of the system, so a National System of Mediation was established for such purpose. The primary goal of this system is to reduce the emotional costs of the conflict and obtain a personal and voluntary compromise of those involved, in order to reach a sustainable and amicable relation for the future.
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audience, the judge will decide about the relief measures and, if it is possible, will offer the parts a chance of mediation of conciliation. The judge will also set the object of the trial, the facts that will be object of proof, the admissible means of evidence and, finally, will set the date of the
Audience of Trial.
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Civilians prosecuted in military courts have the same legal protections as those prosecuted in civilian courts. They are entitled to counsel, the charges are public, the sentencing guidelines are the same (with the exception that the death penalty can be imposed in a military court during wartime but
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If formal charges are filed in civilian courts against a member of the military or police, for acts performed on duty, the military prosecutor can ask for jurisdiction, which the
Supreme Court occasionally granted. This was particularly significant in human rights cases from the period covered by the
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In all cases, the law provides for the right to legal counsel and public defender's offices in all fifteen
Regions and the Santiago Metropolitan Region, provide free professional legal counsel to anyone seeking such assistance. When requested by other human rights organizations or family members, the
677:
Of the twenty one members of the
Supreme Court, sixteen must be judges of Courts of Appeal and five must be lawyers not related to the judiciary system. All members must be lawyers with at least fifteen years of professional exercise, with a distinguished professional or academical career and several
828:
Criminal Courts are integrated by three professional judges, who hear the cases exposed by the
Prosecutor and the Defense of the accused, then deciding and establishing the guilt or innocence of the accused. Such scheme aims to provide the highest impartiality level of the Courts. There's no appeal
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In the
Audience of Trial, the parts will exhibit its evidence to the judge, such as witnesses, confessions, documents, medical records, and all other non regulated evidence. At the end of the audience, the judge will dictate an oral sentence, which can be written immediately or in a period of five
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According to
Chilean civil law system, the sentence of one judge only affects the case on which such sentence was dictated, nevertheless, the decisions of the Supreme Court are a strong precedent which is usually replicated by the lower instance courts and judges when deciding about similar cases.
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Cases submitted to the knowledge of the
Supreme Court can be examined in two ways: in plenary of at least eleven Ministers or in chambers of at least five Ministers. The regular operation of the Court is in four chambers of five Ministers, at least three of them must be judges, while the other two
884:
The criminal procedural law provides for the right to a fair trial and an independent judiciary generally enforced this right. National and regional prosecutors investigate crimes, formulate charges, and prosecute cases. Three-judge panels form the court of first instance; the process is oral and
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The Family
Judicial System has competence over matters related to custody of children, visiting arrangements of the children, alimony, maintenance or spousal support; parental rights, authorization to take the children out of the country, adoption, protective measures for children and teenagers,
796:
The institution is organized in 18 Regional
Prosecutions, each one of them directed by a regional prosecutor and a directive team. The operative units of the 18 Regional Prosecutions are the 150 Local Prosecutions which are distributed throughout the country according to population density. Such
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While there is an independent and impartial judiciary in civil matters, which permits access for lawsuits regarding human rights violations, modernization of the judiciary has yet to affect the civil justice system, which was characterized by antiquated and inefficient procedures. Courts were
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The trial consists of, basically, two audiences: the first is called "Preparatory", if the parts don't come to a specific agreement in such instance, the demand is submitted to the ratification of the demanding part, then the counterpart is given its chance to answer to it. By the end of the
812:
During the investigative phase, a Guarantee Judge takes charge of the protection of the rights of the people involved in the case, specially the guarantee of the accused, as well as resolving the conflicts that arise between the different parts during this stage. Several proceedings of the
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NGO Corporation for the Promotion and Defense of the Rights of the People and other lawyers working pro bono assisted detainees during interrogations and represented some persons charged with terrorist acts in court. Defendants enjoy a presumption of innocence and have a right of appeal.
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Even though the law has given all of the competence in the first instance to the Judges of Letters, a Minister of Appeal will try should certain exceptional circumstances are fulfilled, regarding the nature of the issue or the quality or state of the individuals involved.
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never in a civilian court), and the Supreme Court ultimately may hear appeals. A military prosecutor formulates charges and conducts the investigation, and the first instance of appeal is in a court-martial, composed of two civilian and three military judges.
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There's a system of specialized professional courts exclusively dedicated to take charge of family conflicts in an integral and multidisciplinary approach, counting with the permanent assessment of psychologists and caseworkers specialized on family issues.
674:), one of them is elected by its peers as the President for a two-year period. Supreme Court's Ministers are designated by the President of the Republic, who chooses from five candidates proposed by the Supreme Court, with the agreement of the Senate.
602:, 17 Courts of Appeal, 84 Oral Criminal Tribunals and Guarantee Judges; 7 Military Tribunals; over 300 Local Police Courts; and many other specialized Tribunals and courts in matter of family, labor, customs, taxes, electoral affairs, etc.
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The Supreme Court of Justice is in charge of the directive, correctional and economical superintendence of all the courts of the country, save the Constitutional Court, the National Board of Elections and the Regional Boards of Elections.
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One of the most important functions of the Supreme Court is acting as a Court of Cassation, seeking the standard application of the law to all alike cases, in order to maintain a uniform interpretation of the law throughout the country.
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The Prosecution, or Public Ministry, is an autonomous public organism, whose function is to direct the investigation of the crimes, take the offenders to the Courts, if applicable, and to offer protection to victims and witnesses.
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criminal offenses committed by minors exempt of criminal responsibility; fatherhood, divorce, marriage annulment, domestic violence, separation of assets, interdictions and any other issue arising from personal family relations.
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For most minor offenses and some simple crimes for which the prosecutor in the Attorney General sought the imposition of a penalty of up to 540 days of imprisonment, the case is judged by the Guarantee Judge in a summary trial.
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The procedures are totally oral, transparent and immediate, therefore, the judge and all the parts of the trial must be present in all audiences and the actuations must be done without the intervention of intermediaries.
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The Courts of Appeal are the hierarchical superiors to the Courts of Letters, the Courts of Guarantee, the Oral Criminal Tribunals, Family Courts, Labour Courts, Labour Courts of Collection, and Local Police Courts.
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While the Prosecution is in exclusive charge of the functions of investigation and accusation, the guarantee judges have the exclusive task of judging, they have no power to investigate crimes, only to try them.
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units are composed by deputy prosecutors, assistant prosecutors and other professionals, such as psychologists, caseworkers, administrative personnel and technicians.
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They hold almost all the second instance competence, besides knowing well in the first instance or single instance of other matters that the laws entrusted to them.
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nor second - instance revision of the sentences dictated by an Oral Criminal Court, the only remedy is its annulment by a Court of Appeals, which is uncommon.
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adversarial, trials are public, and judges rule on guilt and dictate sentences. Court records, rulings, and findings were generally accessible to the public.
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There are seventeen Courts of Appeal in Chile, each of them integrated by a variable number of judges, between four and thirty one, called "Ministers" (
633:, gradually implemented throughout the country, with the final stage of implementation in the Santiago Metropolitan Region completed on June 16, 2005.
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The Prosecution is not a part of any of the other branches of the government, it's not part of the Congress, the Executive Branch or the Judiciary.
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They seek agreements between the parts involved, the so-called "cooperative agreements", through compromises, conciliation and, specially,
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Chilean process provides for a very limited judicial review of legislative acts in the Constitutional Court. It does not accept compulsory
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The head of the Chilean Judiciary System is the Supreme Court of Justice, a body integrated by twenty one members called "Ministers" (
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From the year 2000 onwards, Chile completely overhauled its criminal justice system with the implementation of a new, German-inspired,
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On 4 September 2013, a week before the 40th anniversary of the coup that brought
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has reporting on judicial accountability and anti-corruption in Chile.
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apologised for abandoning its role in protecting basic rights during
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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Courtroom of a Criminal Court of Oral Judgments in Santiago.
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Prosecution need previous approval by the Guarantee Court.
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One of the rooms of the Courts of Appeals of Santiago.
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Chile's judges apologise for their actions after coup
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National Association of Magistrates of the Judiciary
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96:December 2013
88:
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67:
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60:
57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
2050:Law of Chile
1983:
1902:
1898:Labor rights
1660:Demographics
1581:Central Bank
1450:Human rights
1438:Constitution
1221:Expansionism
1131:Independence
997:
983:
972:
904:
895:
891:
887:
883:
871:
862:
858:
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591:
589:
579:
240:Constitution
207:
102:
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
1908:LGBT rights
1675:Immigration
1576:Aquaculture
1571:Agriculture
1503:Gendarmerie
1498:Carabineros
1350:Lighthouses
1290:Environment
1285:Earthquakes
1206:Agriculture
1182:(1973–1990)
1174:(1925–1973)
1166:(1891–1925)
1158:(1861–1891)
1150:(1831–1861)
1142:(1823–1831)
1134:(1810–1826)
1126:(1600–1810)
1118:(1540–1600)
1110:(1536–1540)
1091:Prehispanic
511:Visa policy
306:referendums
2039:Categories
1878:Corruption
1780:Television
1765:Newspapers
1750:Literature
1690:Indigenous
1670:Healthcare
1603:(currency)
1433:Civil Code
1415:Ministries
1400:Government
910:References
838:Competence
691:Su Señoría
687:Excelencia
472:Minister:
170:Ministries
66:newspapers
2024:Venezuela
1969:Argentina
1760:Mythology
1702:Squatting
1680:Languages
1665:Education
1629:Transport
1586:Companies
1530:Air Force
1410:President
1390:Elections
1345:Volcanoes
1325:Provinces
1263:Geography
874:mediation
728:Ministros
672:Ministros
613:civil law
313:General:
302:elections
289:elections
270:Provinces
208:Judiciary
153:President
146:Executive
2014:Suriname
2004:Paraguay
1989:Colombia
1815:Category
1697:Religion
1596:Forestry
1522:Military
1460:Intersex
1369:Politics
1231:Maritime
1216:Economic
1211:Banditry
1199:By topic
1123:Colonial
1076:Timeline
1059:articles
584:Santiago
501:Passport
488:in Chile
275:Communes
2019:Uruguay
1994:Ecuador
1974:Bolivia
1799:Outline
1745:Cuisine
1722:Culture
1643:Society
1624:Tourism
1559:Economy
1443:History
1330:Regions
1310:Islands
1305:Geology
1280:Climate
1084:Periods
1067:History
989:"Chile"
369:Local:
342:2009–10
337:2005–06
300:Recent
287:Recent
265:Regions
80:scholar
1999:Guyana
1979:Brazil
1820:Portal
1775:Sports
1740:Cinema
1685:People
1614:Mining
1591:Energy
1335:Rivers
1275:Cities
1226:Mining
1098:–1536
1057:
864:days.
598:, one
190:Senate
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
1984:Chile
1806:Index
1755:Music
1712:Women
1655:Crime
1601:Peso
1340:Lakes
1055:Chile
764:The "
582:) in
87:JSTOR
73:books
2009:Peru
1730:Arts
1540:Navy
1535:Army
1455:LGBT
1236:Wars
590:The
415:2023
410:2021
398:2022
393:2020
388:1989
376:2012
371:2008
359:2009
354:2005
325:2021
320:2017
315:2013
304:and
157:list
59:news
1425:Law
1096:ACN
611:is
233:Law
42:by
2041::
1100:AD
964:.
918:^
486:/
159:)
1947:e
1940:t
1933:v
1854:e
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1102:)
1094:(
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563:e
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155:(
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103:(
98:)
94:(
84:·
77:·
70:·
63:·
36:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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