947:"all power belonged to the people". He was generally acknowledged as the candidate of the Relief Party, but historian Arndt M. Stickles has noted that he used Anti-Relief rhetoric in some counties. Desha attacked Tompkins' record as a judge, claiming that he had consistently supported the Second Bank of the United States and the current Court of Appeals. This, Desha said, put him in direct and open opposition to the state's farmers and ensured that, if he were elected, the state would be governed by the judicial branch, not the governor. Desha claimed the state's newspapers persecuted him the same way the Anti-Relief party persecuted debtors. He also charged that Tompkins was not the true choice of the Anti-Relief party, but only gained its support by being the first candidate with that position to announce his candidacy. Backers of Russell, who consistently ran a distant third in voter support, agreed with this claim, saying Tompkins had joined the race before a date that had been previously agreed on among Anti-Relief candidates, giving him an unfair advantage over Russell.
1293:. Because of this vote, Clay, a trustee for Transylvania and supporter of Holley, became Desha's political enemy. Desha's hostility for Transylvania and Holley worsened when, in the aftermath of the Isaac Desha trial, a student at Transylvania delivered a speech critical of the governor in the university's chapel. Although Holley was present for the speech, Transylvania historian John D. Wright Jr. wrote that he did not know the student's topic beforehand and after hearing the speech, made no effort to condone its content. It was Holley's practice, however, to allow students to speak openly about current political matters, regardless of which position they took. Desha maintained that, because Holley had not silenced the student, he was at fault for tacitly condoning disrespectful criticism of the state's chief executive.
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promised command of a division, that he balked at fighting and discouraged
General Harrison's pursuit of the British and Indians, and that he billed excessive expenses to the government after his service. Desha's legislative career was also subject to scrutiny and attack. Anti-Relief partisans claimed that he had espoused certain positions for the sole purpose of pitting the state's agrarian interests against its aristocracy. They charged that he had secretly favored the Compensation Act of 1816 and had worked to pass it, despite his vote against it. In contrast to his rhetoric in favor of a strong, well-equipped army and navy, opponents claimed he had actually voted against increasing the military's budget. As further evidence of his lack of trustworthiness, they pointed to his vote for
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1197:. Rowan immediately requested a new trial upon grounds of jury interference, and Shannon granted the request on February 10. Jury selection proved problematic, occupying at least parts of four terms of the Harrison County Circuit Court. In September 1825, a jury was finally empaneled. The judge, Harry O. Brown, had been temporarily appointed to his position by Governor Desha to fill a vacancy. Desha was again found guilty, and sentenced to hang on July 14, 1826. Judge Brown overturned the verdict because the prosecution had not proven that the murder took place in Fleming County, as alleged in the
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971:, a pro-Desha newspaper, remained confident, however, predicting that the Relief candidate would win by a margin of 4-to-1. On election day, Desha secured a comfortable victory, receiving 38,378 votes, nearly 60% of the votes cast, and carrying large majorities even in some strongly Anti-Relief counties. Tompkins garnered 22,499 votes, with his support concentrated mostly in Central Kentucky. Russell finished third with 3,900 votes. Desha and his allies in the General Assembly interpreted the victory as a mandate from the voters to aggressively pursue their debt relief agenda.
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Assembly remained critical of banks and the judiciary, but urged legislators to seek a compromise to resolve the court question. Stickles records that Desha was sincere in his desire for a compromise, albeit one that would save face for the New Court Party. He promised that, if the legislature would again authorize appointment of a new set of judges, he would appoint them equally from both parties. Another plan would have expanded the court to six judges, with three appointed from each party. One legislator proposed that all members of both courts resign, along with Desha,
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Finally, Desha claimed that under Holley, Transylvania had become too elitist and could not be otherwise, given the high cost of attendance. Holley, who had traveled to
Frankfort to speak with Desha and the legislature, was present for Desha's speech. Afterward, he decided instead to return to Lexington and tender his resignation. Sympathetic members of the university's board of trustees convinced Holley to remain for another year. Kentucky historian
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removing the judges on the Court of
Appeals who had earlier struck down their debt relief legislation. The first punitive measure proposed against the offending judges was to reduce their salaries to 25 cents per year, but this course was quickly abandoned. Next, legislators attempted to remove the judges by address, but they found they lacked the necessary two-thirds majority in both houses to effect this removal.
1289:. When no candidate achieved a majority of the electoral votes cast, the contest was resolved by the U.S. House of Representatives. Desha and the New Court partisans in the General Assembly instructed the state's congressional delegation to cast their votes for Andrew Jackson, but the delegation, led by House Speaker Henry Clay, defied these instructions and voted instead for
1220:. The judge ordered him held without bail until the next session of the court, but Governor Desha, who was present at the proceedings, stood and issued a pardon for his son, as well as lambasting the judge in a lengthy impromptu speech. Some accounts hold that the governor immediately resigned upon granting the pardon, but the official records reflect no such action.
1086:), and Benjamin Patton. Of the new court – called by detractors the "Desha court" – Barry "seems to have been the only one who had in a measure an even show in experience, prestige, and ability to rank as a jurist with the old-court justices", according to Stickles. Achilles Sneed, clerk of the Old Court, refused to surrender the court's records to
1110:, and all the legislators in the General Assembly, essentially allowing the state government to reset itself. This bill passed the House but was killed in the Senate. The House passed a measure to restore the Old Court, but the Senate deadlocked on the measure and McAfee, the presiding officer in the Senate, cast the tie-breaking vote to defeat it.
720:, he maintained that all embargoes and sanctions would fail as long as "the British have a Canada or a Nova Scotia on the continent of America", although he acknowledged the high cost in both money and lives that annexation of Canada would entail. On June 4, 1812, he voted in favor of a declaration of war on Great Britain, officially beginning the
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late 1824. Trimble personally appealed to Judge George
Shannon of Lexington to hear the case. Governor Desha assembled a formidable defense team for his son, including his newly appointed Secretary of State, William T. Barry; John Rowan, who had just been elected to the U.S. Senate; and former congressmen
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aristocracy, many of whom were creditors to the land speculators and demanded that their contracts be adhered to without interference from the government. They claimed that no government intervention could effectively aid the debtors and that attempts to do so would only prolong the economic depression.
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Due to a constitutional quirk, Metcalfe's term was scheduled to begin eight days before the expiration of Desha's. Desha charged that
Metcalfe was not allowing him to finish out his term and threatened not to vacate the governor's mansion until his term officially ended. Clark records as legend that,
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Desha vehemently attacked
Transylvania and Holley in his annual message to the General Assembly in November 1825. He claimed that the university had not made wise use of the public funding allocated to it by previous Assemblies, noting in particular that Holley's salary as president exceeded his own.
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who had bought large land parcels on credit and were unable to repay their debts due to the financial crisis – was dubbed the Relief Party or faction and favored more legislation favorable to debtors. Opposed to them was the Anti-Relief Party or faction; it was composed primarily of the state's
1328:, but the final margin favored Metcalfe. Not only did Desha not agree with Metcalfe politically, he believed that the governorship should go to a high-born aristocrat. Although Metcalfe was the son of a Revolutionary War soldier, his nickname of "Old Stone Hammer" indicated his pride in his trade of
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which held that land claims granted by
Virginia in the District of Kentucky prior to Kentucky becoming a separate state took precedence over those later granted by the state of Kentucky if the two were in conflict. Encouraged by Desha's strong stance against the judiciary, Relief partisans set about
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While
Tompkins and his supporters primarily campaigned through the state's newspapers, most of which supported the Anti-Relief faction, Desha traveled the state making stump speeches. Offering no specific platform, he focused exclusively on the idea that he opposed "judicial usurpation" and believed
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Another controversial issue during Desha's tenure was his disdain for Horace Holley, president of
Transylvania University. From the time Holley assumed the post of president in 1818, the university had risen to national prominence and attracted well-qualified and well-respected faculty members such
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At his trial in
December, Isaac Desha requested the change of venue; the case was transferred to Harrison County and scheduled for early January. John Trimble was scheduled to hear the case, but Governor Desha appointed him to the New Court of Appeals following the "abolishment" of the Old Court in
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who vehemently held to the principles of the Anti-Relief faction. Colonel William Russell, a military veteran of 50 years, also sought to carry the mantle of the Anti-Relief faction. While not as eloquent or well-versed in the faction's rhetoric, he had few political enemies and his military career
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at that time. Miles from the scene of the murder, Harrison County was the governor's home county, and he possessed a great deal of influence with officials there. Governor Desha appeared before the legislative committee considering the bill on November 26 and asked that they report it favorably to
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Anti-Relief partisans opened many lines of attack against Desha. They said his refusal to articulate a specific campaign platform showed that he was trying to be all things to all people. They assailed his military record, claiming he had only volunteered for service in the War of 1812 after being
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The numerous controversies of Desha's term severely damaged his reputation. Harrison recorded that a visitor to Kentucky remarked in 1825, " is said by some to possess talents; I have never been furnished with evidence." Harrison further noted that "y 1828, many Kentuckians would have agreed with
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because of his refusal to cooperate. The Old Court continued to hear cases in a Frankfort church, while the New Court occupied the official court chambers. Neither recognized the other, and both claimed to be the legitimate court of last resort in the state. Most of the state's lawyers and judges
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for his son. These controversies, along with an improving economy, propelled Desha's political foes to victory in the legislative elections of 1825 and 1826. They abolished the so-called "Desha court" over Desha's veto, ending the court controversy. In a final act of defiance, Desha threatened to
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finally accepted the appointment in April 1826, and the New Court met with only three justices during its 1826 term. In the August 1826 elections, the Old Court Party won majorities of 56–44 in the House and 22–16 in the Senate. Desha again encouraged the legislators to compromise to
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while Congress was in session. The measure proved extremely unpopular with the electorate. Every member of the Kentucky delegation that voted for the bill – excepting Johnson and Henry Clay, who were both extremely popular – lost his congressional seat, either because he did not seek
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overturned debt relief laws favored by Desha and the majority of the legislature, the legislators abolished the court and created a replacement court, to which Desha appointed several debt relief partisans. The existing court refused to acknowledge the legitimacy of the move, and during a period
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Although Desha and his entire administration campaigned on behalf of New Court candidates during the legislative elections of 1825, Old Court supporters regained the state House and evenly split the Senate between Old and New Court supporters. Desha's message to the newly reconstituted General
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and conservative Democratic-Republicans in the House united to adopt Desha's suggestion by a vote of 75–65. The version of the bill passed by the Senate, however, required a standing army of 15,000 men. The legislation was referred to a conference committee, which ultimately adopted a
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after drinking heavily at a local tavern, Metcalfe and some of his supporters formed a mob and went to the governor's mansion to evict him by force. Accounts in the local newspapers of the time instead record that the Deshas left the mansion peacefully without intervention by Metcalfe.
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Desha was elected without opposition to the first of six consecutive terms in the U.S. House of Representatives in 1807. Though he was known as a capable orator, he did not speak often, claiming it was best "to think much and speak but little." He opposed renewing the charter of the
755:, Desha's old friend William Whitley had a premonition of his own death the night before the battle and gave his rifle and powderhorn to Desha, asking him to convey it to his widow, along with a message of his affection. Whitley was indeed killed in the fighting the following day.
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had ruined Kentucky's economy, and Desha made a second campaign for the governorship almost exclusively on promises of relief for the state's large debtor class. He was elected by a large majority, and debt relief partisans captured both houses of the General Assembly. After the
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Desha resumed his service in Congress at its next term. He was disappointed at the decision not to pursue the annexation of Upper Canada and to ignore British impressment of American mariners in favor of pursuing peace with the British. Ultimately, he was dissatisfied with the
801:'s request to maintain a standing peacetime army of 20,000 men. Desha argued that a large standing army provided the advocates of a larger federal government with an excuse to increase taxes, and proposed that the standing army should consist of only 6,000 men. A coalition of
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A history of Kentucky: embracing gleanings, reminiscences, antiquities, natural curiosities, statistics, and biographical sketches of pioneers, soldiers, jurists, lawyers, statesmen, divines, mechanics, farmers, merchants, and other leading men, of all occupations and
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By 1826, the economic climate in the state had improved significantly. Seeing the resultant upsurge in Old Court support, two of the four New Court justices resigned. Desha offered the appointments to three different individuals, all of whom ignored or rejected them.
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under an alias, where he robbed and killed another man. He was identified based on family resemblance and the silver pipe that had earlier saved his life. After being arrested, he confessed to both murders. He died of a fever the day before his trial in August 1828.
1006:. The canal opened in 1830, and proved very profitable, so much so that Desha lamented the fact that the state had split the cost of the project – and consequently, its profits – with the federal government and private investors. He also urged state investment in a
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783:. Both Harrison and Shelby denied Desha's account, and as the issue began to damage Desha's reelection chances, he partially recanted his story. He claimed that he had only told some friends that Harrison was wary of pursuit during a council of war held at
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after moving to Tennessee, and between the ages of 15 and 22, Joseph Desha volunteered in several military campaigns against them. In one such campaign, two of his brothers were killed while fighting alongside him. Following the war, Desha lived with
481:. Nearly every other member of the delegation was defeated for reelection after the vote, but Desha's opposition to the act helped him retain his seat. He did not seek reelection in 1818, and made an unsuccessful run for governor in 1820, losing to
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the bill, and scolded the legislators for passing a blatantly partisan bill as opposed to a compromise measure. The General Assembly overrode Desha's veto on January 1, 1827. In a conciliatory move, the Senate confirmed Desha's appointment of
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With Adair constitutionally ineligible to seek a second consecutive term, Desha was the first candidate to publicly declare his intention to seek the governorship in 1824. He began his campaign in late 1823 and faced little opposition until
712:(1811–13). Consistent with Clay's expectations, Desha consistently supported the war measures brought before the House, including bills to arm merchant ships, increase the number of regular troops in U.S. Army, and authorize President
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in the state. The bill was sent to the House, and a vigorous debate ensued on December 23. During the debate, which continued past midnight, Desha appeared on the floor of the chamber to lobby legislators to support the bill and actually
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Although Desha was universally acknowledged as the leading candidate during the early months of the campaign, as election day approached, some began to doubt whether he could withstand the withering attacks of the Anti-Relief Party. The
606:. He married Margaret "Peggy" Bledsoe in December 1789. The couple had thirteen children over the course of their marriage. In 1792, the family moved to Mason County, Kentucky, where Desha worked as a farmer. In 1794, he served in the
522:, was charged with murder. Partially because of Desha's influence as governor, two guilty verdicts were overturned. After the younger Desha unsuccessfully attempted suicide while awaiting a third trial, Governor Desha issued a
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wrote that Desha "made rash promises to relieve the horde of bankrupt voters ... promises on which he had to deliver." His first address to the legislature was critical of the judiciary in general, especially the
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resolve the court impasse. The Old Court majorities in both houses, however, completely repudiated the New Court, passing a bill to restore the Old Court and overturn all legislation related to the New Court. Desha
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for Harrison and Fleming counties, respectively – collaborated with attorney Martin P. Marshall to prosecute the case. Governor Desha attended each day of the proceedings, seated with the defense counsel.
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On November 4, 1824, just months after the election, the state capitol building was destroyed by a fire. Some furnishings and records were saved, but the four-year-old building was a total loss. When
735:. He was commissioned a major general and given command of the 2nd Division of Kentucky militia. The 3,500-man division, composed of the 2nd and 5th Brigades and the 11th Regiment, assembled on the
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against Desha. The state argued that this was of no consequence, since a change of venue had already been granted, but the judge's ruling stood, and Governor Desha's reputation took a further hit.
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to Louisville via Lexington. He advocated using excess money earmarked for education to construct hard-surfaced roads in the state, but the General Assembly was less responsive to this suggestion.
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following the Battle of the Thames and had only done so after strenuous urging by Isaac Shelby. Desha's charge was a contributing factor in Congress's decision to remove Harrison's name from a
518:, one of Desha's political enemies. After Desha bitterly denounced Holley in an address to the legislature in late 1825, Holley resigned. Desha's reputation took a further hit after his son,
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of Great Britain was a major shareholder. (It was thought by many that the British monarch was on the verge of madness at this time.) The bank's charter ultimately was not renewed in 1811.
514:. While the religious conservatives on the university's board opposed Holley because they considered him too liberal, Desha's opposition was primarily based on Holley's friendship with
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in Georgetown, Kentucky, on October 11, 1842, and was buried on the grounds. The state erected a monument over his grave. In 1880, both Desha's body and the monument were moved to
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At the expiration of his term as governor, Desha retired from public life to his farm in Harrison County. During the final years of his life, Desha and his wife Margaret moved to
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Despite the best efforts of his father to secure a favorable venue, judge, and defense team, on January 31, 1825, the jury convicted Isaac Desha of murder and sentenced him to
570:, which had largely protected the Huguenots from religious persecution. He obtained a limited education in the state's rural schools. In July 1781, Desha's family relocated to
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while awaiting a third trial and apparently in a highly intoxicated state, attempted suicide by cutting his own throat. Physicians saved his life by reconnecting his severed
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struck down one popular and expansive debt relief law as unconstitutional, ensuring that debt relief would again be the central issue in the upcoming gubernatorial election.
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The battle of the Thames, in which Kentuckians defeated the British, French, and Indians, October 5, 1813, with a list of the officers and privates who won the victory
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were supporters of the Old Court and continued to practice before them and abide by their mandates, but others chose to acknowledge the New Court as legitimate.
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Finally, on December 9, 1824, the Kentucky Senate passed a measure repealing the legislation that created the Kentucky Court of Appeals and establishing a new
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Circuit Court to convene a special session on January 17, 1825, for Isaac Desha's trial and providing that the accused should have the option to request a
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had not yet developed, but there were nonetheless two opposing factions that arose around the debt relief issue. The first – primarily composed of
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Historic Sumner County, Tennessee: With Genealogies of the Bledsoe, Cage and Douglass Families and Genealogical Notes of Other Sumner County Families
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Desha's major accomplishment as governor was in the area of internal improvements. In 1825, he convinced the legislature to fund the creation of the
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Desha supported William T. Barry, the Democratic-Republican gubernatorial nominee, to succeed him. Early reports showed Barry leading his opponent,
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from 1802 to 1807. Concurrent with his legislative career, he continued to serve in the state militia. On January 23, 1798, he was appointed as a
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Famous Kentucky Tragedies and Trials: A Collection of Important and Interesting Tragedies and Criminal Trials which Have Taken Place in Kentucky
905:, a veteran of the War of 1812 whose popularity was augmented because of his very public defense of the Kentuckians who served under him at the
873:– the first major financial crisis in United States history – the primary issue of the campaign was debt relief. Sitting governor
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in late 1813 and early 1814, Desha opposed giving him the title because he claimed that Harrison had determined not to pursue British General
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with a silver tube. He recovered, and in June 1827, faced a third trial. During the June term of the court, Desha's lawyers used a number of
1082:, as chief justice. The other three members were Lexington lawyer James Haggin, Circuit Judge John Trimble (brother of Supreme Court Justice
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Although popular when elected, Desha's reputation was damaged by two controversies during his term. The first was his role in the ouster of
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and charged that he was a drinker and a gambler. He was criticized for spending time at the horse races and for furnishing his home with
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Early in his career, Desha advocated an adequate army to defend American territory from Great Britain and France. He supported President
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917:'s 19,947 votes, Desha's 12,418 votes, and Anthony Butler's 9,567 votes. Relief partisans also secured control of both houses of the
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had lobbied for some measures favored by the state's large debtor class, particularly punitive taxes against the branches of the
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477:. Returning to Congress after the war, he was the only member of the Kentucky congressional delegation to oppose the unpopular
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1060:, a "flagrant violation of House rules". The House passed the bill by a vote of 54–43, and Desha signed it immediately.
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opined that, with Holley's departure, "perhaps the state's best chance for a world-class university had passed."
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Desha gradually became more conservative after his return to the House, consistently resisting expansion of the
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was too small to host a proper reception, so the governor had to entertain the dignitary at Weisiger's Tavern.
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Governor Desha's reputation was further tarnished because of a pardon issued to his son. On November 2, 1824,
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813:(1815–17), he was the only member of the twelve-member Kentucky congressional delegation to oppose the
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Desha was one of four candidates who sought the governorship of Kentucky in 1820. In the aftermath of the
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Doutrich, Paul E. III (January 1982). "A Pivotal Decision: The 1824 Gubernatorial Election in Kentucky".
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because most of the bank's investors were foreigners. Specifically, he was concerned about the fact King
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In 1807, Desha was elected to the first of six consecutive terms in the U.S. House of Representatives. A
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that ended the war. When William Henry Harrison was being considered by Congress for the position of
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Like most frontier settlers, the Desha family frequently found themselves in conflict with American
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was ousted as president of Transylvania University largely because of Desha's denouncement of him.
841:(1817–19). On March 14, 1818, he voted with the minority against a resolution introduced by
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and given command of the 7th Brigade of the Kentucky Militia. On December 24, 1806, he was made a
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Johnson, Lewis Franklin (1916). "The Assassination of Francis Baker by Isaac B. Desha, in 1824".
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438:. Two of Desha's brothers were killed in these encounters, motivating him to volunteer for "Mad"
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and held the Indian allies of the British off his left flank during the American victory at the
531:, although he ultimately acquiesced without incident, ceding the governorship to his successor,
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Democratic-Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Kentucky
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Secretary of State William T. Barry was Desha's choice for chief justice of the New Court.
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Desha entered politics in 1797, when he was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the
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toured the United States in 1825, a new capitol had not yet been constructed and the
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Although Desha was clearly aligned with the Relief faction, the faction's leader was
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Desha returned to Kentucky after the congressional session. He responded to Governor
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to accept volunteer units for military service. Proclaiming his dissatisfaction with
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the full legislature. This was done, and the bill was approved on December 4, 1824.
538:. At the expiration of his term, he retired from public life and ultimately died at
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beliefs were too liberal for the tastes of many in Kentucky. Many called Holley an
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894:
752:
686:
66:
2755:
2501:
1071:
On January 10, 1825, Desha appointed four justices to the new court. He chose his
963:, even though Kentuckians were nearly unanimous in their support of James Monroe.
4360:
3493:
3483:
3374:
3047:
3026:
2981:
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2701:
2680:
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2539:
2535:
1165:
1039:
1029:
760:
638:
599:
240:
167:
30:
1063:
849:
asserting Congress's power to appropriate federal funds for the construction of
4322:
4161:
4053:
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3583:
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3453:
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1149:
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1091:
1083:
910:
842:
519:
286:
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3588:
3538:
3513:
3392:
3279:
3014:
2902:
1261:
870:
713:
654:
615:
486:
439:
332:
2656:
430:, where Desha was born. Eventually, Desha's family settled near present-day
4418:
4369:
4260:
4098:
3858:
3735:
3598:
3548:
3508:
3498:
3403:
3359:
3294:
3274:
2866:
1268:
1253:
938:
declared his candidacy in May 1824. Tompkins was a little-known judge from
798:
732:
728:
642:
579:
563:
427:
296:
2983:
Encyclopedia of the War Of 1812: A Political, Social, and Military History
1128:, a New Court partisan, to a position on the re-empowered Old Court after
979:
731:'s call for volunteers to serve in William Henry Harrison's campaign into
677:
4449:
3976:
3896:
3022:
1265:
1153:
721:
637:. He again served in the House from 1799 to 1802, and was elected to the
466:
378:
3218:
4476:
4378:
4331:
4150:
4012:
3833:
3593:
3543:
3533:
3309:
3193:
1276:
1198:
983:
The state capitol was destroyed by fire shortly after Desha's election.
902:
736:
701:
515:
482:
78:
4621:
Members of the United States House of Representatives who owned slaves
1007:
583:
3667:
2939:
2848:. Iowa City, Iowa: State Historical Society of Iowa. Archived from
2829:
Muir, Andrew Forest (October 1956). "Isaac Desha, Fact and Fancy".
2700:
Heidler, David Stephen; Jeanne T. Heidler (2004). "Desha, Joseph".
830:
694:
559:
462:
423:
415:
104:
2895:
The Old Republicans: Southern Conservatism in the Age of Jefferson
2876:
The U.S. Army in the War of 1812: An Operational and Command Study
1329:
1272:
1194:
744:
646:
4596:
Democratic-Republican Party state governors of the United States
2609:
Wall Street: A History: From Its Beginnings to the Fall of Enron
1426:"Kentucky Governor Joseph Desha". National Governors Association
1236:
1144:
Senator John Rowan defended Desha's son during his murder trial.
649:
on March 23, 1799, and on September 5, 1805, he was promoted to
2760:. Louisville, Kentucky: Baldwin Law Book Company, Incorporated.
554:
Joseph Desha was born to Robert and Eleanor (Wheeler) Desha in
523:
450:, Desha parlayed his military record into several terms in the
469:. In 1813, he volunteered to serve in the war and commanded a
1224:
1140:
1056:
to end debate, which was, in the words of Kentucky historian
861:
826:
reelection or because he was defeated by another candidate.
2878:. East Lansing, Michigan: Michigan State University Press.
2728:
Engineering the Kentucky River: The Commonwealth's Waterway
1348:, where one of his sons, a physician, lived. Desha died at
1217:
1205:
1120:
743:. They joined Harrison in forcing the British retreat from
660:
2814:"Governor Joseph Desha of Distinguished Huguenot Ancestry"
3052:. Lexington, Kentucky: The University Press of Kentucky.
2914:. Lexington, Kentucky: The University Press of Kentucky.
2724:
2685:. Lexington, Kentucky: The University Press of Kentucky.
2645:. Lexington, Kentucky: The University Press of Kentucky.
2544:. Lexington, Kentucky: The University Press of Kentucky.
2520:. Lexington, Kentucky: The University Press of Kentucky.
1132:
resigned to accept a federal judgeship in November 1826.
865:
John Adair defeated Desha in the 1820 gubernatorial race.
693:
and related enforcement legislation. He was considered a
2931:
The Critical Court Struggle in Kentucky, 1819–1829
2699:
2671:
2565:. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company.
1313:
The graves of Desha and his wife in Georgetown Cemetery.
913:. Adair won a close election with 20,493 votes, besting
1285:
Desha was drawn into the Holley controversy during the
1181:
and T. P. Taul. William K. Wall and future Congressman
434:, where they were involved in many skirmishes with the
2912:
Murder & Madness: The Myth of the Kentucky Tragedy
1304:
4661:
Burials at Georgetown Cemetery (Georgetown, Kentucky)
2534:
3076:. Louisville, Kentucky: J. P. Morton. Archived from
1560:
1460:
Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
1017:
562:
ancestry, and his ancestors had fled from France to
3166:
3131:
2541:
The People's House: Governor's Mansions of Kentucky
657:, remaining with the 7th Brigade. He owned slaves.
156:
149:
3002:
2861:. Danville, Kentucky: Bluegrass Printing Company.
2631:(1992). "Desha, Joseph". In Kleber, John E (ed.).
2606:
1729:
1727:
1725:
403:(December 9, 1768 – October 11, 1842) was a
2818:Register of the Kentucky State Historical Society
1156:who was visiting Kentucky. On November 24, 1824,
928:
856:
4606:Members of the Kentucky House of Representatives
4552:
2795:. National Governors Association. Archived from
2061:
943:brought him great respect among the electorate.
2725:Johnson, Leland R.; Charles E. Parrish (1999).
1830:
1828:
1736:
1722:
1223:Following his release, Isaac Desha traveled to
3005:A Nation on Trial: America and the War of 1812
2512:Bussey, Charles J. (2004). "Joseph Desha". In
2507:. Louisville, Kentucky: Bradley & Gilbert.
2173:
2171:
2161:
2159:
2157:
1648:
1646:
1231:
3652:
3234:
2909:
2775:. Kentucky Humanities Council. Archived from
2613:. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press.
2249:
2247:
2075:
2073:
2054:
2052:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1918:
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1897:
1895:
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1852:
1842:
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1773:
1771:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1644:
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1593:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1216:to again prevent the court from empaneling a
558:, on December 9, 1768. He was of part French
3162:U.S. House of Representatives
3127:U.S. House of Representatives
3031:. New York City: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
2940:"Murder and Inflation: the Kentucky Tragedy"
2897:. New York City: Columbia University Press.
2433:
2431:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2338:
2336:
2237:
2235:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2201:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1825:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1332:, which was considered a common profession.
4636:American people of the Northwest Indian War
2933:. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University.
2585:Biographical Directory of the United States
2468:
2466:
2368:
2366:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2279:
2277:
2180:
2168:
2154:
2042:
2040:
1701:
1699:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1557:Trowbridge, "Kentucky's Military Governors"
1539:
1537:
1535:
1533:
751:on October 5, 1813. According to historian
681:Henry Clay, leader of the House "War Hawks"
442:'s campaign against the Indians during the
3659:
3645:
3621:
3241:
3227:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2380:
2378:
2244:
2145:
2127:
2109:
2091:
2082:
2070:
2049:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2020:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1913:
1888:
1879:
1867:
1849:
1837:
1807:
1798:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1768:
1754:
1745:
1708:
1687:
1623:
1584:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1382:
817:. The act, sponsored by fellow Kentuckian
56:August 24, 1824 – August 26, 1828
29:
3248:
2963:. Kentucky National Guard. Archived from
2440:
2428:
2401:
2387:
2333:
2232:
2198:
1958:
1664:
1512:
1454:
1452:
1450:
853:. He did not run for reelection in 1818.
645:in the 29th Regiment. He was promoted to
4591:1816 United States presidential electors
3009:. New York City: John Wiley & Sons.
2961:Kentucky National Guard History e-Museum
2928:
2627:
2591:
2463:
2363:
2317:
2307:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2297:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2274:
2265:
2256:
2214:
1999:
1696:
1614:
1600:
1530:
1521:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1308:
1235:
1139:
1135:
1062:
978:
860:
676:
661:Service in the House and the War of 1812
618:'s rout of the Indians at the August 20
549:
4656:People from Kentucky in the War of 1812
4571:People from Monroe County, Pennsylvania
3101:Joseph Desha at The Political Graveyard
2986:. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO.
2938:Thies, Clifford F. (February 7, 2007).
2892:
2764:
2753:
2475:
2449:
2419:
2375:
2354:
2345:
2100:
2017:
2014:Harrison and Klotter, pp. 110–111
1981:
1972:
1931:
1780:
1655:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1482:
1429:
1406:
1339:
1152:had brutally murdered Francis Baker, a
989:Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette
974:
4651:American militiamen in the War of 1812
4553:
3045:
2979:
2954:
2873:
2856:
2841:
2811:
2604:
2511:
1473:
1464:
1447:
117:March 4, 1807 – March 3, 1819
16:Governor of Kentucky from 1824 to 1828
3640:
3222:
3168:Kentucky's 4th congressional district
3133:Kentucky's 6th congressional district
3066:
3028:Henry Adams and the Making of America
3021:
3000:
2937:
2558:
2499:
2286:
1496:
1422:
1420:
1418:
2828:
1546:
1305:Gubernatorial legacy and transition
1204:In July 1826, Isaac Desha, free on
614:. He participated in General "Mad"
13:
3670:'s delegation(s) to the 10th–15th
2910:Schoenbachler, Matthew G. (2009).
2812:Morton, Jennie C. (January 1904).
1415:
1037:'s recent decision in the case of
14:
4672:
4641:Military personnel from Tennessee
4626:19th-century American politicians
4581:American people of French descent
4576:People from colonial Pennsylvania
3094:
1024:Old Court – New Court controversy
1018:Old Court – New Court controversy
706:House Foreign Relations Committee
627:Kentucky House of Representatives
568:revocation of the Edict of Nantes
497:Old Court – New Court controversy
420:revocation of the Edict of Nantes
187:Kentucky House of Representatives
4646:Military personnel from Kentucky
3620:
3607:
2793:"Kentucky Governor Joseph Desha"
909:against charges of cowardice by
879:Second Bank of the United States
835:Committee on Public Expenditures
3049:Transylvania: Tutor to the West
2957:"Kentucky's Military Governors"
2703:Encyclopedia of the War of 1812
2492:
2223:
2189:
2136:
2118:
2008:
1990:
1955:Clark and Lane, pp. 23–24
1949:
1904:
1816:
1678:
668:First Bank of the United States
929:Gubernatorial election of 1824
857:Gubernatorial election of 1820
446:. Having by then resettled in
426:ancestors fled from France to
1:
3626:List of governors of Kentucky
3160:Member of the
3125:Member of the
3110:U.S. House of Representatives
3001:White, Patrick C. T. (1965).
2831:Filson Club History Quarterly
2594:Filson Club History Quarterly
1376:
1250:Constantine Samuel Rafinesque
1000:Louisville and Portland Canal
629:. When the House debated the
588:U.S. House of Representatives
100:U.S. House of Representatives
3046:Wright, John D. Jr. (2006).
2942:. Ludwig von Mises Institute
2460:Harrison and Klotter, p. 112
2360:Harrison and Klotter, p. 152
2046:Harrison and Klotter, p. 111
1978:Harrison and Klotter, p. 126
7:
2929:Stickles, Arndt M. (1929).
2893:Risjord, Norman K. (1965).
2605:Geisst, Charles R. (2004).
2538:; Margaret A. Lane (2002).
2195:Stickles, pp. 108–109
1652:Heidler and Heidler, p. 152
1359:
1232:Conflict with Horace Holley
1054:moved the previous question
578:. Desha's younger brother,
556:Monroe County, Pennsylvania
237:Monroe County, Pennsylvania
10:
4677:
2874:Quimby, Robert S. (1997).
2857:Powell, Robert A. (1976).
2842:Parish, John Carl (1909).
2641:, Lowell H. Harrison, and
2500:Allen, William B. (1872).
1969:Johnson and Parrish, p. 18
1287:1824 presidential election
1021:
806:compromise of 10,000 men.
4631:American militia generals
3681:
3616:
3605:
3270:
3256:
3207:
3198:
3190:
3185:
3175:
3158:
3150:
3140:
3123:
3115:
3108:
2710:: Naval Institute Press.
2682:A New History of Kentucky
2634:The Kentucky Encyclopedia
2587:. United States Congress.
2142:Stickles, pp. 92–93
1996:Stickles, pp. 44–45
1834:Doutrich, pp. 23–24
1822:Doutrich, pp. 24–25
1793:A New History of Kentucky
1684:Quimby, pp. 288–289
923:Kentucky Court of Appeals
919:Kentucky General Assembly
492:Kentucky Court of Appeals
394:
366:
356:
346:
338:
328:
323:
303:
292:
281:
273:
263:
246:
223:
218:
214:
203:
192:
184:
173:
165:
145:
133:
121:
110:
96:
84:
72:
60:
49:
41:
37:
28:
21:
3068:Young, Bennett Henderson
2980:Tucker, Spencer (2012).
2229:Johnson, pp. 38–39
1910:Doutrich, p. 27–28
1260:, William T. Barry, and
1187:Commonwealth's Attorneys
815:Compensation Act of 1816
781:Congressional Gold Medal
779:and withhold from him a
633:in 1798, he chaired the
620:Battle of Fallen Timbers
582:, would later represent
572:Fayette County, Kentucky
479:Compensation Act of 1816
4611:Kentucky state senators
2559:Cisco, Jay Guy (2009).
2253:Parish, pp. 49–50
1366:Beauchamp–Sharp Tragedy
1116:John Telemachus Johnson
546:, on October 11, 1842.
512:Transylvania University
3675:(ordered by seniority)
3672:United States Congress
1791:Harrison and Klotter,
1568:"Congress slaveowners"
1314:
1244:
1145:
1068:
984:
866:
819:Richard Mentor Johnson
682:
635:Committee of the Whole
612:William Henry Harrison
604:Crab Orchard, Kentucky
503:existed in the state.
461:, he was considered a
448:Mason County, Kentucky
4616:Farmers from Kentucky
4601:Governors of Kentucky
3250:Governors of Kentucky
2637:. Associate editors:
2486:Clark and Lane, p. 24
2425:Clark and Lane, p. 23
2384:Klotter, "What If..."
2067:Schoenbachler, p. 106
1987:Clark and Lane, p. 21
1946:Clark and Lane, p. 22
1312:
1239:
1214:peremptory challenges
1143:
1136:Pardon of Isaac Desha
1066:
982:
907:Battle of New Orleans
864:
851:internal improvements
718:Macon's Bill Number 1
680:
550:Early life and career
527:refuse to vacate the
501:courts of last resort
459:Democratic-Republican
414:of the U.S. state of
347:Years of service
268:Democratic-Republican
4486:R. Anderson Jr.
3201:Governor of Kentucky
2955:Trowbridge, John M.
2799:on December 15, 2013
2518:Kentucky's Governors
2313:Murder and Inflation
2124:Stickles, pp. 89, 92
1742:Schoenbachler, p. 36
1733:Schoenbachler, p. 35
1346:Georgetown, Kentucky
1340:Later life and death
1264:. However, Holley's
1049:court of last resort
975:Governor of Kentucky
957:presidential elector
936:Christopher Tompkins
773:resolution of thanks
749:Battle of the Thames
631:Kentucky Resolutions
608:Northwest Indian War
544:Georgetown, Kentucky
475:Battle of the Thames
444:Northwest Indian War
384:Battle of the Thames
374:Northwest Indian War
257:Georgetown, Kentucky
44:Governor of Kentucky
2779:on January 16, 2006
2773:Kentucky Humanities
2741:on October 29, 2008
2708:Annapolis, Maryland
2673:Harrison, Lowell H.
2629:Harrison, Lowell H.
1572:The Washington Post
1371:History of Kentucky
1354:Georgetown Cemetery
1323:National Republican
1105:lieutenant governor
1028:Kentucky historian
955:while serving as a
953:William H. Crawford
891:Second Party System
811:Fourteenth Congress
775:for service in the
691:Embargo Act of 1807
576:Gallatin, Tennessee
533:National Republican
432:Gallatin, Tennessee
405:U.S. Representative
3186:Political offices
3154:Richard M. Johnson
3119:George M. Bedinger
2859:Kentucky Governors
2514:Lowell H. Harrison
1318:that assessment."
1315:
1245:
1146:
1073:Secretary of State
1069:
1058:Lowell H. Harrison
993:governor's mansion
985:
867:
839:Fifteenth Congress
794:. He also opposed
683:
529:governor's mansion
128:George M. Bedinger
4546:
4545:
4541:
4540:
3634:
3633:
3217:
3216:
3208:Succeeded by
3176:Succeeded by
3141:Succeeded by
3038:978-0-618-87266-4
2993:978-1-85109-956-6
2921:978-0-8131-2566-4
2766:Klotter, James C.
2659:on April 15, 2013
2620:978-0-19-517061-0
2572:978-0-8063-5127-8
1458:"Desha, Joseph".
1291:John Quincy Adams
1280:classical statues
1096:contempt of court
1004:Falls of the Ohio
875:Gabriel Slaughter
785:Sandwich, Ontario
741:Newport, Kentucky
651:brigadier general
610:under Lieutenant
465:, supporting the
452:state legislature
398:
397:
4668:
4529:
4520:
4511:
4502:
4493:
4484:
4475:
4466:
4457:
4448:
4428:
4421: (DR)
4417:
4386:
4377:
4368:
4359:
4350:
4339:
4330:
4321:
4312:
4303:
4294:
4269:
4259:
4248:
4214:
4205:
4196:
4187:
4178:
4169:
4160:
4149:
4140:
4131:
4122:
4097:
4086:
4075:
4063:
4052:
4020:
4011:
4002:
3993:
3984:
3975:
3955:
3948: (DR)
3944:
3913:
3904:
3895:
3886:
3875:
3866:
3857:
3832:
3822:
3811:
3779:
3770:
3761:
3752:
3743:
3734:
3714:
3707: (DR)
3703:
3684:
3683:
3676:
3661:
3654:
3647:
3638:
3637:
3624:
3623:
3611:
3610:
3243:
3236:
3229:
3220:
3219:
3205:1824–1828
3191:Preceded by
3170:
3151:Preceded by
3144:Solomon P. Sharp
3135:
3116:Preceded by
3106:
3105:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3080:on March 8, 2005
3063:
3042:
3018:
3008:
2997:
2976:
2974:
2972:
2951:
2949:
2947:
2934:
2925:
2906:
2889:
2870:
2853:
2838:
2825:
2808:
2806:
2804:
2788:
2786:
2784:
2761:
2750:
2748:
2746:
2740:
2734:. Archived from
2733:
2721:
2696:
2677:James C. Klotter
2668:
2666:
2664:
2655:. Archived from
2643:James C. Klotter
2624:
2612:
2601:
2588:
2576:
2555:
2536:Clark, Thomas D.
2531:
2508:
2487:
2484:
2473:
2470:
2461:
2458:
2447:
2444:
2438:
2435:
2426:
2423:
2417:
2414:
2399:
2396:
2385:
2382:
2373:
2370:
2361:
2358:
2352:
2349:
2343:
2340:
2331:
2328:
2315:
2309:
2284:
2281:
2272:
2269:
2263:
2260:
2254:
2251:
2242:
2239:
2230:
2227:
2221:
2218:
2212:
2209:
2196:
2193:
2187:
2186:Stickles, p. 104
2184:
2178:
2177:Stickles, p. 102
2175:
2166:
2165:Stickles, p. 108
2163:
2152:
2149:
2143:
2140:
2134:
2131:
2125:
2122:
2116:
2113:
2107:
2104:
2098:
2095:
2089:
2086:
2080:
2077:
2068:
2065:
2059:
2056:
2047:
2044:
2015:
2012:
2006:
2003:
1997:
1994:
1988:
1985:
1979:
1976:
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1953:
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1911:
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1471:
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1442:
1427:
1424:
1413:
1410:
1404:
1403:Harrison, p. 264
1401:
1299:James C. Klotter
1258:Charles Caldwell
1108:Robert B. McAfee
1088:Francis P. Blair
1080:William T. Barry
895:land speculators
829:Desha served as
796:Secretary of War
765:general-in-chief
753:Bennett H. Young
710:Twelfth Congress
687:Thomas Jefferson
510:as president of
342:Kentucky militia
324:Military service
277:Margaret Bledsoe
253:
250:October 11, 1842
234:December 9, 1768
233:
231:
219:Personal details
208:
197:
178:
160:
153:
136:
124:
115:
87:
75:
67:Robert B. McAfee
54:
33:
19:
18:
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3677:
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3665:
3635:
3630:
3612:
3608:
3603:
3266:
3252:
3247:
3213:
3211:Thomas Metcalfe
3204:
3196:
3181:
3179:Thomas Metcalfe
3172:
3164:
3156:
3146:
3137:
3129:
3121:
3097:
3092:
3083:
3081:
3060:
3039:
2994:
2970:
2968:
2967:on May 27, 2010
2945:
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2800:
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2718:
2693:
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2660:
2653:
2639:Thomas D. Clark
2621:
2581:"Desha, Joseph"
2579:
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2151:Stickles, p. 93
2150:
2146:
2141:
2137:
2133:Stickles, p. 92
2132:
2128:
2123:
2119:
2115:Stickles, p. 81
2114:
2110:
2105:
2101:
2097:Stickles, p. 62
2096:
2092:
2088:Stickles, p. 61
2087:
2083:
2079:Stickles, p. 60
2078:
2071:
2066:
2062:
2058:Stickles, p. 59
2057:
2050:
2045:
2018:
2013:
2009:
2004:
2000:
1995:
1991:
1986:
1982:
1977:
1973:
1968:
1959:
1954:
1950:
1945:
1932:
1928:Doutrich, p. 25
1927:
1914:
1909:
1905:
1901:Doutrich, p. 28
1900:
1889:
1885:Doutrich, p. 26
1884:
1880:
1876:Stickles, p. 43
1875:
1868:
1864:Doutrich, p. 27
1863:
1850:
1846:Doutrich, p. 24
1845:
1838:
1833:
1826:
1821:
1817:
1813:Doutrich, p. 21
1812:
1808:
1804:Doutrich, p. 19
1803:
1799:
1790:
1781:
1777:Doutrich, p. 14
1776:
1769:
1765:Doutrich, p. 15
1764:
1755:
1751:Risjord, p. 200
1750:
1746:
1741:
1737:
1732:
1723:
1719:Risjord, p. 160
1718:
1709:
1704:
1697:
1693:Risjord, p. 184
1692:
1688:
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1679:
1674:
1665:
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1601:
1597:Doutrich, p. 23
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1416:
1411:
1407:
1402:
1383:
1379:
1362:
1342:
1326:Thomas Metcalfe
1307:
1234:
1170:Harrison County
1166:change of venue
1138:
1040:Green v. Biddle
1030:Thomas D. Clark
1026:
1020:
977:
969:Frankfort Argus
931:
859:
847:William Lowndes
761:Treaty of Ghent
663:
639:Kentucky Senate
602:in the town of
600:William Whitley
552:
536:Thomas Metcalfe
485:. By 1824, the
390:
351:
350:1793–1794
319:
264:Political party
255:
251:
241:British America
235:
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209:
204:
198:
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174:
168:Kentucky Senate
155:
140:Thomas Metcalfe
134:
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111:
102:
98:
91:Thomas Metcalfe
85:
73:
55:
50:
24:
17:
12:
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5:
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3426:
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3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3389:
3384:
3377:
3372:
3370:C. S. Morehead
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3330:J. T. Morehead
3327:
3322:
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3096:
3095:External links
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2998:
2992:
2977:
2952:
2935:
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2907:
2890:
2884:
2871:
2854:
2852:on 2005-03-08.
2839:
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2809:
2789:
2768:(April 2005).
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2448:
2446:Wright, p. 116
2439:
2437:Wright, p. 112
2427:
2418:
2416:Wright, p. 111
2400:
2398:Wright, p. 110
2386:
2374:
2362:
2353:
2344:
2342:Johnson, p. 40
2332:
2316:
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2255:
2243:
2241:Johnson, p. 39
2231:
2222:
2213:
2211:Johnson, p. 38
2197:
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2167:
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2016:
2007:
1998:
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1971:
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1930:
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1677:
1675:Quimby, p. 288
1663:
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1613:
1599:
1583:
1559:
1545:
1529:
1520:
1518:Tucker, p. 191
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1303:
1233:
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1162:Fleming County
1150:Isaac B. Desha
1137:
1134:
1126:George M. Bibb
1084:Robert Trimble
1022:Main article:
1019:
1016:
976:
973:
940:Bourbon County
930:
927:
911:Andrew Jackson
858:
855:
843:South Carolina
777:Northwest Army
662:
659:
551:
548:
540:his son's home
520:Isaac B. Desha
396:
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287:Isaac B. Desha
285:13, including
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254:(aged 73)
248:
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185:Member of the
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166:Member of the
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2:
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4472:
4469:
4468:R. M. Johnson
4463:
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4454:
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4442:
4440:
4435:
4431:
4430:J. Crittenden
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4324:
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4309:
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4305:R. M. Johnson
4300:
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4199:
4198:T. Montgomery
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4181:
4175:
4172:
4166:
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4153:
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4133:R. M. Johnson
4128:
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3995:R. M. Johnson
3990:
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3888:R. M. Johnson
3883:
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3772:R. M. Johnson
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3382:
3381:G. W. Johnson
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3059:0-8131-9167-X
3055:
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3016:
3012:
3007:
3006:
2999:
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2989:
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2936:
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2896:
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2885:0-585-22081-6
2881:
2877:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2860:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2846:
2845:John Chambers
2840:
2836:
2832:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2810:
2798:
2794:
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2778:
2774:
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2723:
2719:
2717:1-59114-362-4
2713:
2709:
2705:
2704:
2698:
2694:
2692:0-8131-2008-X
2688:
2684:
2683:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2658:
2654:
2652:0-8131-1772-0
2648:
2644:
2640:
2636:
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2616:
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2599:
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2578:
2574:
2568:
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2563:
2557:
2553:
2551:0-8131-2253-8
2547:
2543:
2542:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2527:0-8131-2326-7
2523:
2519:
2515:
2510:
2506:
2505:
2498:
2497:
2483:
2481:
2479:
2472:Morton, p. 15
2469:
2467:
2457:
2455:
2453:
2443:
2434:
2432:
2422:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2405:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2381:
2379:
2372:Bussey, p. 31
2369:
2367:
2357:
2348:
2339:
2337:
2330:Parish, p. 62
2327:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2314:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2292:
2290:
2283:Parish, p. 61
2280:
2278:
2271:Parish, p. 60
2268:
2262:Parish, p. 52
2259:
2250:
2248:
2238:
2236:
2226:
2220:Parish, p. 50
2217:
2208:
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2204:
2202:
2192:
2183:
2174:
2172:
2162:
2160:
2158:
2148:
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2039:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2011:
2005:Bussey, p. 30
2002:
1993:
1984:
1975:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1952:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1907:
1898:
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1894:
1892:
1882:
1873:
1871:
1861:
1859:
1857:
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1843:
1841:
1831:
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1819:
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1794:
1788:
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1762:
1760:
1758:
1748:
1739:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1705:Wills, p. 372
1702:
1700:
1690:
1681:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1658:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1620:Geisst, p. 17
1617:
1611:Geisst, p. 16
1608:
1606:
1604:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1573:
1569:
1563:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1543:Young, p. 120
1540:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1527:Young, p. 118
1524:
1515:
1509:Powell, p. 28
1506:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1493:Young, p. 119
1490:
1488:
1486:
1476:
1467:
1461:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1444:Morton, p. 14
1441:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1412:Cisco, p. 170
1409:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1381:
1372:
1369:
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1327:
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1311:
1302:
1300:
1294:
1292:
1288:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1267:
1263:
1262:Jesse Bledsoe
1259:
1255:
1251:
1242:
1241:Horace Holley
1238:
1229:
1226:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1191:
1188:
1184:
1183:John Chambers
1180:
1179:William Brown
1174:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1154:Mississippian
1151:
1142:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1111:
1109:
1106:
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1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1078:
1074:
1065:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1035:Supreme Court
1031:
1025:
1015:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
996:
994:
990:
981:
972:
970:
964:
962:
958:
954:
948:
944:
941:
937:
926:
924:
920:
916:
915:William Logan
912:
908:
904:
899:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
871:Panic of 1819
863:
854:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
827:
824:
820:
816:
812:
807:
804:
800:
797:
793:
788:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
769:Henry Procter
766:
762:
756:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
725:
723:
719:
715:
714:James Madison
711:
707:
703:
700:
699:House Speaker
696:
692:
688:
679:
675:
673:
669:
658:
656:
655:major general
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
623:
621:
617:
616:Anthony Wayne
613:
609:
605:
601:
596:
591:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
547:
545:
541:
537:
534:
530:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
508:Horace Holley
504:
502:
498:
495:known as the
493:
488:
487:Panic of 1819
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
455:
453:
449:
445:
441:
440:Anthony Wayne
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
410:
406:
402:
393:
385:
382:
381:
380:
377:
375:
372:
371:
369:
365:
362:
361:Major general
359:
355:
349:
345:
341:
337:
334:
333:United States
331:
327:
322:
315:
312:
309:
308:
306:
302:
298:
295:
291:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
269:
266:
262:
258:
249:
245:
242:
238:
226:
222:
217:
213:
207:
202:
196:
191:
188:
183:
177:
172:
169:
164:
159:
152:
148:
144:
141:
138:
132:
129:
126:
120:
114:
109:
106:
101:
97:Member of the
95:
92:
89:
83:
80:
77:
71:
68:
65:
63:
59:
53:
48:
45:
40:
36:
32:
27:
20:
4548:
4504:G. Robertson
4458:
4437:
4422:
4409:
4401:
4388:
4341:
4295:
4283:
4271:
4250:
4237:
4229:
4216:
4151:
4123:
4111:
4099:
4088:
4077:
4065:
4054:
4041:
4033:
3985:
3964:
3949:
3936:
3928:
3915:
3877:
3867:
3846:
3834:
3813:
3800:
3792:
3753:
3723:
3708:
3695:
3687:
3539:N. Breathitt
3391:
3379:
3325:J. Breathitt
3314:
3258:
3199:
3159:
3124:
3084:December 12,
3082:. Retrieved
3078:the original
3072:
3048:
3027:
3023:Wills, Garry
3004:
2982:
2969:. Retrieved
2965:the original
2960:
2944:. Retrieved
2930:
2911:
2894:
2875:
2858:
2850:the original
2844:
2834:
2830:
2821:
2817:
2801:. Retrieved
2797:the original
2781:. Retrieved
2777:the original
2772:
2770:"What If..."
2756:
2743:. Retrieved
2736:the original
2727:
2702:
2681:
2661:. Retrieved
2657:the original
2633:
2608:
2597:
2593:
2584:
2561:
2540:
2517:
2502:
2493:Bibliography
2442:
2421:
2356:
2351:Muir, p. 321
2347:
2312:
2267:
2258:
2225:
2216:
2191:
2182:
2147:
2138:
2129:
2120:
2111:
2106:Allen, p. 88
2102:
2093:
2084:
2063:
2010:
2001:
1992:
1983:
1974:
1951:
1906:
1881:
1818:
1809:
1800:
1792:
1747:
1738:
1689:
1680:
1661:White, p. 66
1657:
1616:
1576:, retrieved
1574:, 2022-01-13
1571:
1562:
1523:
1514:
1479:Allen, p. 91
1475:
1470:Allen, p. 90
1466:
1459:
1408:
1343:
1334:
1320:
1316:
1295:
1284:
1254:Daniel Drake
1246:
1222:
1203:
1192:
1185:– the
1175:
1147:
1112:
1101:
1077:U.S. Senator
1070:
1046:
1038:
1027:
997:
986:
968:
965:
949:
945:
932:
900:
868:
828:
822:
808:
799:James Monroe
789:
757:
733:Upper Canada
729:Isaac Shelby
726:
684:
664:
624:
592:
564:Pennsylvania
553:
505:
456:
428:Pennsylvania
418:. After the
401:Joseph Desha
400:
399:
367:Battles/wars
297:Robert Desha
252:(1842-10-11)
205:
194:
175:
158:4th district
151:6th district
146:Constituency
135:Succeeded by
112:
86:Succeeded by
51:
23:Joseph Desha
4566:1842 deaths
4561:1768 births
4389:T. Fletcher
4180:W. P. Duval
3814:B. Thruston
3705:B. Thruston
3263:Confederate
2946:January 24,
1266:New England
837:during the
809:During the
803:Federalists
722:War of 1812
708:during the
467:War of 1812
379:War of 1812
161:(1813–1819)
154:(1807–1813)
123:Preceded by
74:Preceded by
4555:Categories
4533: (DR)
4524: (DR)
4522:D. Trimble
4515: (DR)
4506: (DR)
4497: (DR)
4495:T. Quarles
4488: (DR)
4479: (DR)
4470: (DR)
4461: (DR)
4452: (DR)
4432: (DR)
4392: (DR)
4381: (DR)
4372: (DR)
4363: (DR)
4354: (DR)
4345: (DR)
4334: (DR)
4325: (DR)
4316: (DR)
4307: (DR)
4298: (DR)
4275: (DR)
4263: (DR)
4254: (DR)
4220: (DR)
4217:J. Hawkins
4209: (DR)
4200: (DR)
4191: (DR)
4189:S. Hopkins
4182: (DR)
4173: (DR)
4164: (DR)
4155: (DR)
4144: (DR)
4135: (DR)
4126: (DR)
4103: (DR)
4092: (DR)
4081: (DR)
4069: (DR)
4066:J. Bledsoe
4058: (DR)
4024: (DR)
4015: (DR)
4006: (DR)
3997: (DR)
3988: (DR)
3979: (DR)
3959: (DR)
3919: (DR)
3908: (DR)
3899: (DR)
3890: (DR)
3881: (DR)
3870: (DR)
3861: (DR)
3838: (DR)
3826: (DR)
3817: (DR)
3783: (DR)
3774: (DR)
3765: (DR)
3756: (DR)
3747: (DR)
3738: (DR)
3718: (DR)
3599:A. Beshear
3589:S. Beshear
3509:K. Johnson
3355:Crittenden
3194:John Adair
3173:1813–1819
3138:1807–1813
1578:2022-07-07
1377:References
1199:indictment
1158:John Rowan
1130:John Boyle
903:John Adair
883:Louisville
737:Ohio River
702:Henry Clay
672:George III
566:after the
516:Henry Clay
483:John Adair
422:, Desha's
329:Allegiance
310:Politician
304:Profession
230:1768-12-09
79:John Adair
62:Lieutenant
4531:D. Walker
4419:I. Talbot
4370:A. McLean
4361:B. Hardin
4323:S. Ormsby
4272:M. Hardin
4261:I. Talbot
4162:S. Ormsby
4100:I. Talbot
4078:G. Walker
4022:S. Ormsby
3878:B. Howard
3763:B. Howard
3569:Wilkinson
3559:Brown Jr.
3424:Blackburn
3409:Stevenson
3399:Bramlette
3340:Wickliffe
3305:Slaughter
3265:governors
3261:indicate
3015:608865759
2971:April 23,
2903:559308071
2783:March 26,
2745:March 26,
1269:Unitarian
1075:, former
1012:Maysville
887:Lexington
792:U.S. Navy
584:Tennessee
299:(brother)
293:Relatives
210:1799–1802
206:In office
199:1797–1798
195:In office
180:1802–1807
176:In office
113:In office
52:In office
4513:T. Speed
4459:J. Desha
4352:S. Sharp
4342:J. Clark
4314:S. McKee
4296:J. Desha
4251:W. Barry
4207:S. Sharp
4171:J. Clark
4142:S. McKee
4124:J. Desha
4089:W. Barry
4004:S. McKee
3986:J. Desha
3916:W. Barry
3906:S. McKee
3897:H. Crist
3868:J. Desha
3781:J. Rowan
3754:J. Desha
3745:J. Boyle
3668:Kentucky
3584:Fletcher
3529:Chandler
3524:Wetherby
3519:Clements
3504:Chandler
3469:McCreary
3419:McCreary
3387:Robinson
3375:Magoffin
3320:Metcalfe
3070:(1903).
3025:(2007).
2803:April 3,
2679:(1997).
2504:pursuits
1795:, p. 110
1360:See also
1350:his home
1210:windpipe
1010:joining
1008:turnpike
831:chairman
823:per diem
695:war hawk
560:Huguenot
471:division
463:war hawk
424:Huguenot
416:Kentucky
412:governor
407:and the
282:Children
105:Kentucky
42:9th
4477:H. Clay
4379:M. Taul
4332:H. Clay
4152:H. Clay
4055:G. Bibb
4013:H. Clay
3957:G. Bibb
3946:J. Pope
3859:M. Lyon
3835:H. Clay
3824:J. Pope
3736:M. Lyon
3716:J. Pope
3564:Collins
3554:Carroll
3499:Laffoon
3494:Sampson
3474:Stanley
3464:Willson
3459:Beckham
3444:Bradley
3434:Buckner
3345:Letcher
3300:Madison
3285:Greenup
3280:Garrard
3259:Italics
2867:2690774
2663:July 1,
2516:(ed.).
2311:Thies,
1330:masonry
1273:infidel
1002:on the
833:of the
745:Detroit
647:colonel
595:Indians
586:in the
473:at the
436:Indians
313:soldier
4450:A. New
4423:·
4411:Senate
4239:Senate
4043:Senate
3977:A. New
3950:·
3938:Senate
3802:Senate
3709:·
3697:Senate
3579:Patton
3514:Willis
3489:Fields
3484:Morrow
3454:Goebel
3449:Taylor
3414:Leslie
3365:Powell
3350:Owsley
3295:Shelby
3275:Shelby
3165:from
3130:from
3056:
3035:
3013:
2990:
2918:
2901:
2882:
2865:
2714:
2689:
2649:
2617:
2569:
2548:
2524:
1121:vetoed
1092:pounds
889:. The
697:, and
580:Robert
524:pardon
499:, two
316:farmer
274:Spouse
259:, U.S.
4439:House
4425:
4285:House
4113:House
3966:House
3952:
3848:House
3725:House
3711:
3594:Bevin
3574:Jones
3534:Combs
3479:Black
3439:Brown
3429:Knott
3393:Hawes
3335:Clark
3315:Desha
3310:Adair
3290:Scott
2739:(PDF)
2732:(PDF)
1225:Texas
643:major
409:ninth
103:from
4403:15th
4231:14th
4035:13th
3930:12th
3794:11th
3689:10th
3549:Ford
3544:Nunn
3404:Helm
3360:Helm
3086:2008
3054:ISBN
3033:ISBN
3011:OCLC
2988:ISBN
2973:2010
2948:2008
2916:ISBN
2899:OCLC
2880:ISBN
2863:OCLC
2837:(4).
2824:(4).
2805:2012
2785:2008
2747:2008
2712:ISBN
2687:ISBN
2665:2012
2647:ISBN
2615:ISBN
2600:(1).
2567:ISBN
2546:ISBN
2522:ISBN
1277:nude
1218:jury
1206:bail
1195:hang
1094:for
961:1816
885:and
357:Rank
352:1813
247:Died
224:Born
1248:as
1168:to
959:in
881:in
845:'s
739:at
689:'s
542:in
4557::
2959:.
2835:30
2833:.
2820:.
2816:.
2706:.
2675:;
2598:56
2596:.
2583:.
2477:^
2465:^
2451:^
2430:^
2403:^
2389:^
2377:^
2365:^
2335:^
2319:^
2288:^
2276:^
2246:^
2234:^
2200:^
2170:^
2156:^
2072:^
2051:^
2019:^
1960:^
1933:^
1915:^
1890:^
1869:^
1851:^
1839:^
1827:^
1782:^
1770:^
1756:^
1724:^
1710:^
1698:^
1666:^
1625:^
1602:^
1586:^
1570:,
1548:^
1532:^
1498:^
1484:^
1449:^
1431:^
1417:^
1384:^
1356:.
1282:.
1256:,
1252:,
724:.
622:.
590:.
454:.
239:,
4528:▌
4519:▌
4510:▌
4501:▌
4492:▌
4483:▌
4474:▌
4465:▌
4456:▌
4447:▌
4441::
4427:▌
4416:▌
4413::
4385:▌
4376:▌
4367:▌
4358:▌
4349:▌
4338:▌
4329:▌
4320:▌
4311:▌
4302:▌
4293:▌
4287::
4268:▌
4258:▌
4247:▌
4241::
4213:▌
4204:▌
4195:▌
4186:▌
4177:▌
4168:▌
4159:▌
4148:▌
4139:▌
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