Luis Echeverría - Knowledge

861: 1721: 1056: 1598: 70: 1709: 611: 981: 1744: 1685: 818: 5824: 1733: 505: 5926: 1697: 1397:("The Falcons"). The evidence against Echeverría appeared to be based on documents that allegedly show that he ordered the formation of special army units that committed the killings and that he had received regular updates about the episode and its aftermath from his chief of secret police. At the time, the government argued police forces and civilian demonstrators were attacked and people on both sides killed by armed civilians, who were convicted and later freed because of a general 963:. The ban (also known as "Avandarazo" because it was in response to the Avándaro Rock Festival, which had been criticized by the conservative sectors of the PRI) included forbidding the recording of most forms of rock music by national groups and the prohibition of its sales in retail stores, as well as forbidding live rock concerts and the airplay of rock songs. International rock music was initially not as affected by this ban, but after a 1975 concert at the 1004: 1763: 691: 1157: 5366: 1462: 1275:, kept the president abreast of Echeverría's overstepping boundaries, such as use of the presidential telephone network, visits to ministers, and meetings with political elites at his residence. Reyes Heroles took a series of steps to outflank Echeverría, including recording his conversations on the presidential telephone network and suggesting the replacement of officials supportive of Echeverría. 1000:"), a reorientation took place in Mexican foreign policy during Echeverría's presidential term. He showed his solidarity with the developing nations and tried to establish Mexico as the defender of Third World interests. The aims of Echeverría's foreign policy were to diversify Mexico's economic links and to fight for a more equal and just international order. 1179:. López Portillo and Echeverría were in the same age cohort, but López Portillo was not a practiced politician. He had been groomed from early on in Echeverría's term to be his successor and had no power base himself, whereas Moya Palencia and Muñoz Ledo had the support of many senior PRI politicians and office holders, as well as independent power bases. 638:, Echeverría was appointed Secretary of the Interior to serve during the remainder of the López Mateos administration. Once Díaz Ordaz took office as president, he confirmed Echeverría as Secretary of the Interior, where he remained until November 1969. He was one of four ministers retained by Díaz Ordaz from López Mateos' cabinet. 555: 1618:

disaster whose effects are still felt. When Echeverría took office, the Mexican peso was trading at just over 12 to the dollar and there was little foreign debt. He sharply increased indebtedness and eventually the peso collapsed to about one-thousandth of its 1970 exchange rate, wiping out the savings of the middle classes."

887:. The government enacted a series of regulations to control atmospheric pollution, as well as issuing new quality standards for surface and coastal waters. As a structural matter, the government created a new agency to deal with the environment, which in later administrations became a full cabinet-level ministry. 1661:"When have you ever seen again the President of the Republic standing alone in the street in front of the great waves of people who come and embrace him, including the independent unions, who paraded and at the end embraced him as well? So let's not extrapolate. That his government was unpopular is a huge lie." 1450:

had expired and that the massacre did not constitute genocide. An arrest warrant for Echeverría was issued by a Mexican court on 30 June 2006, but he was found not guilty of the charges on 8 July 2006. On 29 November 2006, he was charged with the massacres and ordered under house arrest by a Mexican judge.

711:. He also stated that his government would avoid attempting to curb Mexico's population growth, which was expected to double in the coming decade, stating it was a personal matter, not the state's. He defined himself as "neither to the right, nor to the left, nor in a static center, but onward and upward." 1449:

On 20 September 2005, the special prosecutor for crimes of the past filed genocide charges against Echeverría for his responsibility, as interior minister at the time, on 2 October 1968 Tlatelolco massacre. Again, the assigned criminal judge dismissed the file and held that the statute of limitations

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to reveal Echeverría as his successor. Martínez Domínguez asked the president if he was sure of his decision and Díaz Ordaz replied, "Why do you ask? It's the most important decision of my life and I've thought it over well." On 8 November 1969, Echeverría was officially announced as the presidential

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Several other members of the PRI, particularly older members, disliked and criticized Echeverría's populist policies, including his predecessor Gustavo Díaz Ordaz. Díaz Ordaz once said of Echeverría, "He is out of control. He doesn't know what he is saying. He insists he's going to make changes, but

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and President of the PRI under Echeverría, defended the latter's administration and stated that Echeverría was very popular in the interior of the country, noting that the devaluation of the peso didn't occur until after the elections, describing the salary of the workers as "good" and highlighting

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While difficult to obtain a prosecution, the prosecution argued before the Supreme Court that political conditions prevented an earlier prosecution, the president was constitutionally protected against charges for his full term so the statute of limitations should be extended, and the UN convention

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During Echeverría's administration, a new Federal Election Law was approved which lowered the number of members a party needed to become officially registered from 75,000 to 65,000, introduced a permanent voting card, and established the minimum age for candidacy for elected office at 21 (down from

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Shortly after his term began, he issued an amnesty to all those arrested during the 1968 protests, which is believed to have been an attempt to disassociate himself with the massacre. The last 20 prisoners from the protests were released on December 20, 1971. He enraged the left because he did not

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speculates that Echeverría adopted populism to disassociate himself with the Tlatelolco massacre. Despite his efforts, Echeverría's legacy remains rooted in the political violence of and the economic crash that occurred during his tenure. However, Echeverría did have some support, and was seen by

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notes that "Echeverria is hated by Mexico's left, who have sought to bring genocide charges against him as the minister of the interior responsible for the 1968 Olympic Games massacre of students and other protestors near downtown Mexico City. The Right in Mexico blames Echeverría for an economic

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He visited a total of 36 countries and had strong ties with the communist and socialist governments of Cuba and Chile respectively. Echeverría visited Cuba in 1975. Also, Mexico provided political asylum to many political refugees from South American countries who fled their country's repressive

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for the following three years, which included measures such as increases in public rates and taxes, as well as wage freezes. There is some controversy as to whether the President-elect López Portillo was informed of this agreement with the IMF, which was essentially dictating key aspects of his

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at 12.50 to the U.S. dollar. On 30 August 1976, as a result of the mounting economic problems, the Echeverría administration devalued the peso by 59.2%, leaving it with a value of 19.90 to the dollar. Two months later, the peso was devalued for a second time, now down to a rate of 26.60 to the

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In a national survey conducted in 2012 about former presidents, 27% of the respondents considered that the Echeverría administration was "very good" or "good", 16% responded that it was an "average" administration, and 46% responded that it was a "very bad" or "bad" administration. He was the

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was accused of widespread human rights violations (including executions) during the fight against the guerrilla groups. The aforementioned guerrilla leaders Cabañas and Vázquez, both of whom officially died in clashes with the army, are widely suspected of actually having been extrajudicially

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than his predecessor Díaz Ordaz, expansion of social security, and instigating Mexico's first environmental protection laws. Detractors have criticized institutional violence such as the Dirty War and Corpus Christi massacre, and his administration's economic mismanagement and response to the

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The Supreme Court said that the law did not take into account political conditions and presidential immunity in calculating the statute of limitations, the prosecution failed to prove earlier charges against the defendants (producing only photocopies, with no legal value, of supposed legal

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had expired (charges of genocide under Mexican law have no statute of limitations since 2002). On 24 July 2004, a judge refused to issue an arrest warrant for Echeverría because of the statute of limitations, apparently rejecting the special prosecutor's assertion of genocide-based special

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In private, López Portillo's aides expressed their hope that president Echeverría could become Secretary-General of the United Nations so that he would be out of the country for most of López Portillo's term and therefore would be unable to try to influence the latter's administration.

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During his period in office, the country's external debt soared from US$ 6 billion in 1970 to US$ 20 billion in 1976. By 1976, for every dollar that Mexico received from exports, 31 cents had to be allocated to the payment of interest and amortizations on the external debt.

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ended with turbulence (due to oversold tickets) and police repression, president Echeverría issued a temporary ban on all concerts by American musicians in Mexico. The ban on domestic rock music lasted for many years, and it only began to be gradually lifted in the 1980s.

4985: 1227:, who was then Subsecretary of Finance, stated in his autobiography that in those last months President Echeverría had an "unstable" mood and would sometimes fall asleep during cabinet meetings; De la Madrid also recounted that, at one of such meetings in that period, 1247:, his first Minister of Finance, even denied the existence of such an agreement with the IMF shortly after he was appointed. In any case, on 23 December 1976 the López Portillo government ratified the agreement with the IMF after a heated debate with his cabinet. 3035: 702:

rhetoric, personally campaigning in over 850 municipalities, and is believed to have been seen by around 10 million people of Mexico's then-population of 48 million. He avoided criticizing Díaz Ordaz's administration, and barely mentioned his main opponent, the

925:) in response to the government's authoritarianism and the increasing social inequalities. The activities of these guerrilla groups mostly comprised kidnappings of prominent politicians and businessmen (two of the most famous cases included the kidnapping of 3583:

Echeverría later condemned Zionist expansion at the United Nations, criticising Israel's further incursion into Palestinian territory and its repression of the Palestinians, and allowed the Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO) to open an office in Mexico

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of students in the Plaza de las Tres Culturas in Tlatelolco in 1968. On 23 July 2006, a special prosecutor indicted Echeverría and requested his arrest for allegedly ordering the attack that killed and wounded many student demonstrators during a protest in

1231:–then Subsecretary of the Presidency of the Republic– told Echeverría that he possessed a list of the forty most important men in Mexico and that it was necessary to "declare war on them" and arrest them that night, but Echeverría rejected the suggestion. 1559:

On 15 January 2018, it was reported that he had died, but this was soon discounted. On 17 January, he celebrated his 96th birthday in a hospital and was discharged a day later. He was hospitalized again on 21 June 2018 and was discharged on 10 July.

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After decades of economic growth under his predecessors, the Echeverría administration oversaw an economic crisis during its final months, becoming the first in a series of governments that faced severe economic crises over the ensuing two decades.

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decided 4–1 that the statute of limitations (30 years) had expired by the time the prosecution began and that Mexico's ratification by Congress in 2002 of the convention on 26 November 1968, signed by the president on 3 July 1969 but ratified by

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on 10 December 2001 and coming into effect 90 days later, which states that genocide has no statute of limitations, could not be applied retroactively to Echeverría's case since only Congress can make such agreements part of the legal system.

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to 200 nautical miles (370 km). State spending on health, housing construction, education, and food subsidies was also significantly increased, and the percentage of the population covered by the social security system was doubled.

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candidate of the PRI. Although Echeverría was a hardliner in Díaz Ordaz's administration and considered responsible for the Tlatelolco massacre, he became "immediately obsessed with making people forget that he had ever done it."

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financial crisis of 1976. His suspected role in the Tlatelolco Massacre prior to his presidency has also damaged his reputation. Numerous opinion polls and analyses have ranked him as one of the worst presidents in the modern

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reflected the financial issues of the Echeverría administration, and his last months in office were marked by a general sense of economic malaise. Between 1954 and 1976, successive governments had maintained the value of the

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As a consequence of numerous student and youth protest movements during his administration, President Echeverría attempted to neutralize politicized youth. In late 1971, after the Corpus Christi massacre and the

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and condemned it as a form of racial discrimination. This resulted in a tourism boycott by the U.S. Jewish community against Mexico, which made visible internal and external conflicts of Echeverría's politics.

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expressed dissatisfaction that a European headed an organization that had a Third World majority. On 18 October 1976, Echeverría entered the race against Waldheim. He was defeated by a large margin when the

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to contain inflation came from a suggestion made by Echeverría at a breakfast with him, during which the former president advised De la Madrid to invite the leading figures of the economic sectors to the

394:; Díaz Ordaz, Echeverría, and Secretary of Defense Marcelino Garcia Barragán have been considered as the intellectual authors of the massacre, in which hundreds of unarmed protestors were killed by the 3600: 1075:

before crossing into Mexico. The established treaty between the U.S. and Mexico called for the U.S. to allow a specified volume of water, 1.85 cubic kilometres (0.44 cu mi), to pass the

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to Rodolfo Echeverría Esparza and Catalina Álvarez Gayou on 17 January 1922. His paternal grandfather was Francisco de Paula Echeverría y Dorantes, a military doctor. He was the brother of actor

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The balance of services, which traditionally had registered surpluses and had been used to partly finance the negative trade balance, entered into deficit for the first time in 1975 and 1976.

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Echeverría is one of the most controversial and least popular presidents in the history of Mexico. Supporters have praised his populist policies such as a more enthusiastic application of

3341: 7441: 1238:, which accepted to give Mexico financial aid of up to 1,200 million dollars, and in exchange Mexico committed to correct the imbalances of its balance of payments and to follow an 1202:

as its presidential candidate, but this party had no official registry and was barred from elections at the time, so Campa's candidacy was not officially recognized and he ran as a

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administration was marked by an increase in political repression. Dissident journalists, politicians, and activists were subjected to censorship, arbitrary arrests, torture, and

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many average Mexican citizens as more receptive to their needs, as during his campaign he personally took thousands of petitions and listened to the concerns of common workers.

8971: 4664: 8931: 8776: 4773: 1261: 1725: 1633:, distinguishes Echeverría from his father by noting that after Echeverría left the presidency he was unable to retain much of the popularity that he developed. Historian 484:. In 2006, he was indicted and ordered under house arrest for his role in the Tlatelolco and Corpus Christi massacres, but the charges against him were dismissed in 2009. 592: 4568: 4426: 1067:

Echeverría's presidency rode a wave of anger by citizens in Northwestern Mexico against the United States for its use (and perceived misappropriation) of water from the

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in the water as it moved downstream. By the late 1960s, the high salinity of the water crossing into Mexico had resulted in the ruin of large tracts of the

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against Waldheim in the first round, but voted in the Austrian's favor in the second round. Echeverría received only 3 votes to Waldheim's 14, with only

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Finally, on 26 March 2009, a federal court ordered Echeverría's absolute freedom and dismissed the charge of genocide for the events of Tlatelolco.

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The Echeverría government adopted the first national environmental law in 1971. Attention on the environmental impacts came from academics at the

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Despite this, the Mexican economy grew by 6.1%, and important infrastructure and public works projects were completed after stalling for decades.

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Echeverría maintained a hard line against student protesters throughout 1968. Clashes between the government and protesters culminated in the

5370: 4945: 4888: 1996: 3210: 8946: 8837: 4829: 4751: 1300:, the president from 1988 to 1994, publicly accused Echeverría of inspiring the March 1994 murder of their party's presidential candidate, 456:, and growing at a yearly rate of 6.1%. He aggressively promoted the development of infrastructure projects such as new maritime ports in 8811: 7698: 3184: 3133: 1973: 5878: 1567:, who died at age 96. By 2019, Echeverría, then aged 97, had passed Lascuráin's record and became the oldest lived president of Mexico. 8926: 8801: 4968:"1973: Luis Echeverria Alvarez, President of Mexico (left) sits with Lord Mais, Lord Mayor of London, at a Guildhall banquet in London" 1521:

Echeverría outlived three of his eight children. His son Rodolfo Echeverría Zuno drowned in a pool owned by his parents in 1983 due to

1135: 1079:, but it did not establish any quality levels. Throughout the 20th century, the United States, through its water policy managed by the 405:

Echeverría was one of the most high-profile presidents in Mexico's post-war history; he attempted to become a leader of the so-called "

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Despite not keeping influence over López Portillo after their break, Echeverría continued to have some influence in Mexican politics.

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Following PRI tradition, Echeverría handpicked his successor for the Presidency, and chose his Finance Minister and childhood friend,

8986: 8941: 8890: 5099: 1187: 809:. Nationalization and the creation of the state-run company PROQUIVEMEX came as the importance of Mexico to the industry was waning. 4672: 3844: 8981: 8842: 6875: 6059: 5953: 4590: 4331: 872: 563: 330: 1827: 8278: 6922: 5934: 1114: 434: 4310:"U.S. Embassy Mexico cable, "Mexico: Court Rules Former President Echeverria May Be Prosecuted for Genocide," Unclassified, 2pp" 2981: 743:

political and economic reform, nationalizing the mining and electrical industries, redistributing private land in the states of

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Domestically, Echeverría led the country during a period of significant economic growth, with the Mexican economy aided by

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Stephen P. Mumme, C. Richard Bath, and Valerie J. Assetto. "Political Development and Environmental Policy in Mexico."

631: 398:. The following year, Díaz Ordaz appointed Echeverría as his designated successor to the presidency, and he won in the 4487: 3313: 2327: 457: 7980: 7543: 6813: 6754: 5841: 5273: 5178: 5157: 5133: 4898: 4801: 4068: 4048: 3930: 3883: 3576: 3220: 2566: 1907: 1720: 1055: 1029: 909:

On one hand, several leftist guerrilla groups appeared throughout the country (the most important being those led by

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Echeverría won the election with over 80% of the popular vote, as was entirely expected by international observers.

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México Beyond 1968: Revolutionaries, Radicals, and Repression during the Gloabal Sixties and Subversive Seventies

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In 2002, Echeverría was the first political official called to testify before the Mexican justice system for the

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And on the other hand, the Government itself violently repressed political dissent. In addition to the notorious

922: 679: 634:. After Díaz Ordaz left the Secretariat in November 1963 to become the presidential candidate of the PRI for the 7178: 7065: 7053: 4624: 1285:, president from 1982 to 1988, said in his autobiography that the idea for his 1987 Pact of Economic Solidarity 7834: 7603: 7183: 7085: 6818: 6262: 6257: 6040: 4704: 3300: 1540:, committed suicide on 19 May 2020, at age 71. As of 2019, he had 19 grandchildren and 14 great-grandchildren. 1531: 1494: 1191: 876: 849: 704: 635: 480:

rhetoric), and an economic crisis that occurred in Mexico near the end of his term due to a devaluation of the

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and a close collaboration with the People's Republic of China after visiting Beijing and meeting with Chairman

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Dillingham, A.S. "Mexico's Turn Toward the Third World: Rural Development under President Luis Echevarría" in

1597: 1525:. Son Luis Vicente Echeverría Zuno died in Mexico City on March 13, 2013, after a failed heart operation. Son 1266: 708: 371:

from 1963 to 1969. At the time of his death in 2022, he was his country's oldest living former head of state.

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See Martin Walker, "Walker's World: Why President Fox Failed", United Press International, 26 December 2006.

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In 1976, Echeverría sought to parlay his Third World credentials and relationship with the recently deceased

845: 673: 433:, and tried to use Mao's influence among Asian and African nations in an ultimately failed attempt to become 399: 7228: 6937: 6860: 6531: 5659: 5508: 4009: 3979: 597: 7814: 7774: 7744: 7693: 7553: 7471: 7467: 7338: 7268: 7033: 6850: 6616: 6511: 6443: 5543: 4261: 2402:"Revaloran en Casa Refugio Citlaltépetl el papel de figuras con ascendencia vasca en la historia de México" 5634: 5029: 4357: 4287: 3459: 2931: 2799: 2460: 8786: 8258: 8253: 7970: 7648: 7376: 7121: 7080: 7024: 6927: 6808: 6766: 6671: 6196: 6150: 5588: 5394: 1645: 1526: 1489: 1235: 964: 615: 375: 8623: 7844: 7829: 7819: 7673: 7273: 6761: 6564: 6331: 4547:"Hallan cuerpo de Álvaro Echeverría Zuno, hijo del expresidente Luis Echeverría, con una carta póstuma" 4455: 4119:"'Narcos: Mexico' Season 2: Why was Rubén Zuno Arce's uncle's name beeped out and referred to as Mr X?" 805:

during his tenure. Wild barbasco was the natural source of hormones that were the key component in the

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and the murder of a U.S. federal agent seven years earlier. Echeverría repeatedly requested President

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artifacts (Echeverría also had a collection of such artifacts). Fox appointed Gertz as chief of the

926: 359:; 17 January 1922 – 8 July 2022) was a Mexican lawyer, academic, and politician affiliated with the 8478: 8045: 7308: 7198: 6952: 6496: 5772: 5639: 5606: 5423: 3541: 3404:

There's A Riot Going On: Revolutionaries, Rock Stars, and the Rise and Fall of '60s Counter-Culture

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Shapira, Yoram (1977). "Mexico: The Impact of the 1968 Student Protest on Echeverria's Reformism".

1689: 1654: 1630: 1614: 1341:, who headed Echeverría's "Third World University" in the 1970s, as national security advisor, and 1290: 1168: 1160: 1043:

held in Mexico City. Also in 1975, the Mexican delegation to the United Nations voted in favour of

841: 602:, which allowed him to rise in the hierarchy of the party and acquire his first political offices. 525: 391: 120: 8218: 5729: 5714: 1338: 7708: 7653: 7638: 7578: 7386: 7366: 7126: 6803: 6408: 5969: 5942: 5621: 2707:

Grindle, Merilee S. (1977). "Policy Change in an Authoritarian Regime: Mexico under Echeverria".

1708: 1382: 1352:(Echeverría's personal secretary) as ambassador to the United States. The most controversial was 1316: 1244: 1195: 761: 752: 566:, and obtained his degree in 1945. Echeverría joined the university's faculty in 1947 and taught 6611: 5742: 5694: 5558: 5503: 2722: 2601: 914: 548: 8498: 8002: 7396: 7070: 6546: 6306: 6301: 6094: 5573: 4184: 1409: 1361: 1353: 802: 544: 8708: 5757: 3428: 3141: 2288: 1924: 1641: 1585:

on 17 January 2022, making him the oldest lived Mexican head of state. He died at his home in

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by the special prosecutor, an untested charge in the Mexican legal system, partly because the

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Declaration of Mexico on the Equality of Women and Their Contribution to Development and Peace

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asset, known by the cryptonym, LITEMPO-8. His tenure as Secretary of the Interior during the

6067: 5802: 5762: 5553: 5387: 5262: 4800: 4774:"De joven entusiasta del PRI al "Halconazo": Luis Echeverría Álvarez y sus 100 años de vida" 2511: 1330:(the president from 2000 to 2006) had met privately with Echeverría at the latter's home in 627: 379: 108: 8921: 8916: 8273: 8040: 7895: 7849: 7764: 7759: 7558: 7457: 7406: 7401: 7293: 7248: 7203: 7141: 6972: 6947: 6897: 6825: 6739: 6589: 6191: 6170: 5752: 5737: 5493: 1626: 1439: 1301: 1239: 980: 960: 657: 610: 395: 5689: 5538: 5054: 3008: 2199: 2117: 1743: 1684: 1473: 1466: 880: 532: 259: 8: 8718: 8633: 8628: 8528: 8391: 8188: 8072: 7987: 7875: 7728: 7723: 7703: 7688: 7598: 7593: 7498: 7431: 7421: 7333: 7328: 7318: 7218: 7158: 7131: 6957: 6942: 6912: 6890: 6676: 6666: 6393: 6316: 6286: 6270: 5914: 5836: 5777: 5724: 5709: 5704: 5684: 5664: 5413: 5404: 5219:, edited by Michael L. Conniff, 93–111. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press 1982. 3852: 3270: 2145:, edited by Michael L. Conniff, 93-111. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press 1982. 1373: 1337:

Fox appointed several Echeverría loyalists to top positions in his government, including

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Populism In 20th Century Mexico: The Presidencies Of Lázaro Cárdenas And Luis Echeverría

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policies, attempting to portray himself as a "man of the people", in a similar style to

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Recipients of the Grand Star of the Decoration for Services to the Republic of Austria

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circumstances. The special prosecutor said that he would appeal the judge's decision.

8885: 8738: 8683: 8658: 8613: 8543: 8518: 8483: 8473: 8442: 8329: 8213: 8183: 7920: 7910: 7824: 7718: 7563: 7278: 7075: 6932: 6885: 6783: 6734: 6708: 6686: 6526: 6506: 6450: 6438: 6252: 6087: 5847: 5812: 5719: 5674: 5598: 5269: 5195: 5174: 5153: 5129: 5108: 4894: 4044: 3926: 3879: 3606: 3572: 3434: 3407: 3216: 3088: 2852: 2562: 2294: 1930: 1903: 1701: 1443: 1293:

so that they could talk to each other and agree on proposals to overcome the crisis.

1194:(PAN) was unable to nominate a presidential candidate due to internal conflicts. The 493: 473: 8862: 8533: 5644: 5616: 5583: 1199: 751:

to peasants, imposing limits on foreign investment, and extending Mexico's maritime

543:, with whom they were friends. The couple's social circle also included the artists 504: 8648: 8573: 8503: 8488: 8468: 8415: 8198: 8193: 8173: 8123: 8113: 7940: 7905: 7890: 7839: 7568: 7508: 7348: 7007: 6987: 6696: 6638: 6632: 6599: 6579: 6569: 6418: 6219: 6211: 5478: 5299: 5236: 4730:"Reaparece Luis Echeverría al recibir segunda dosis de vacuna contra Covid | Fotos" 3391:

March 6, 1976 issue of Billboard Magazine; pages 3 & 27 (Retrieved 2017-05-18).

3013: 1737: 1326:

After the defeat of the PRI in the general elections of July 2000, it emerged that

1021: 567: 418: 355: 334: 5649: 5629: 5528: 4140: 2173: 1190:(PARM), both PRI satellite parties, supported his candidacy, while the right-wing 910: 591:(PRI) in 1944. He eventually became the private secretary of the party president, 8867: 8723: 8713: 8698: 8678: 8663: 8638: 8583: 8348: 8316: 8208: 8168: 7930: 7925: 7865: 7806: 7538: 7416: 7243: 7208: 7116: 7111: 6835: 6729: 6403: 6336: 6326: 6291: 6247: 6234: 6186: 5863: 5787: 5240: 5189: 5168: 5147: 5123: 2641:"Luis Echeverria, a Mexican leader who was blamed for massacres, dies at age 100" 2023: 1845:"Mexico's oldest living ex-president turned 100, but it wasn't widely celebrated" 1732: 1537: 1017: 521: 453: 414: 6830: 5593: 3212:

The Statesman's Yearbook 2014: The Politics, Cultures and Economies of the World

1801: 8693: 8618: 8608: 8603: 8463: 8203: 7992: 7915: 7643: 7548: 7298: 7238: 6870: 6788: 6691: 6651: 6621: 6521: 6476: 5568: 5143: 1634: 1570:

On April 21, 2021, Echeverria, aged 99, made his last public appearance at the

1476:, whom he was married to until her death in 1999, and they had eight children: 1320: 1068: 1008: 968: 933:, which ended in his death) bank robberies and occasional attacks on garrisons. 554: 5488: 4407:[Mexico: Echeverría exonerated] (in Spanish). BBC Mundo. 27 March 2009 4309: 4141:"Dejó "Fox en manos de Luis Echeverría los mandos de las policías federales", 1696: 8977:

Knights Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic

8910: 8857: 8703: 8598: 8563: 8548: 8508: 8050: 7880: 7618: 7528: 7391: 7371: 7258: 7019: 6997: 6962: 6541: 6536: 6491: 6413: 6373: 6122: 3569:

Drug War Mexico: Politics, Neoliberalism and Violence in the New Narcoeconomy

2376:"Rodolfo Landa, el hermano de Luis Echeverría que fundó la Cineteca Nacional" 1768: 1544: 1228: 1118: 985: 865: 848:. Due to a series of events and an internal conflict in the opposition party 517: 465: 461: 438: 409:", countries unaligned with the United States or the Soviet Union during the 304: 1271:

for governor of Baja California. López Portillo's Minister of the Interior,

8643: 8593: 8523: 8513: 8367: 8355: 8342: 8148: 7975: 7476: 6724: 6574: 6433: 6428: 6423: 6129: 2404:(in Spanish). Secretaria de la Cultura de la Ciudad de México. 26 July 2018 2350:"Luis Echeverría y su famoso hermano actor del Cine de Oro, ¿lo recuerdas?" 1357: 1219: 1214: 941: 929:, who was Echeverría's father-in-law, and the failed kidnapping attempt of 772: 536: 481: 464:. His presidency was also characterized by authoritarian methods including 38: 4687:"El ex presidente Luis Echeverría sale del hospital tras superar neumonía" 1589:

on 8 July. He was cremated in a private memorial service held on 10 July.

1278:

Echeverría was ambassador to Australia and New Zealand from 1978 to 1979.

1146:

1976 election, devaluation of the Peso and final stretch of his Presidency

8688: 8293: 8263: 8118: 8108: 8007: 7870: 7663: 7152: 6982: 6967: 6778: 6626: 6594: 6481: 6296: 6201: 6140: 5792: 2435: 1926:

Paisanos Chinos: Transpacific Politics among Chinese Immigrants in Mexico

1606: 1582: 1381:

over education funding on 10 June 1971. The incident became known as the

1378: 1331: 1327: 1060: 997: 767:

On 8 October 1974, Echeverría issued a decree creating the new states of

661: 540: 513: 406: 211: 5343: 5327: 5248: 5224: 3823: 3807: 3266:"Luis Echeverría, Mexican politician with tarnished legacy, dies at 100" 1653:

parade on 1 May 1976, when Echeverría came down from the balcony of the

1438:

proceedings from the late 1970s and early 1980s), and Article 14 of the

8447: 8158: 8128: 8082: 7997: 7965: 7957: 7900: 7588: 7303: 6992: 6880: 6486: 5431: 1650: 1586: 1548: 1312: 1234:

In this context, in October 1976 Echeverría made an agreement with the

1110: 1098: 1092: 1084: 1003: 508:

Echverría (third row, fifth from left) with his 6th grade class, c.1933

430: 426: 228: 7101: 5311: 5287: 4525:"Las desgracias de Luis Echeverría: es el tercer hijo que se le muere" 4087:"FOR PUBLICATION UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT" 3036:"Decreto por el que se reforma el Artículo 43 el 8 de octubre de 1974" 2696: 1243:

economic policy before he could take office, and it was reported that

476:

against leftist dissent in the country (despite Echeverría adopting a

8743: 8588: 8437: 8410: 8223: 8178: 8087: 8055: 8035: 8027: 7356: 7146: 1602: 1048: 937: 739:. Once inaugurated as president, he embarked on a massive program of 683: 469: 4752:"La última aparición del expresidente Echeverría Álvarez en público" 1461: 1404:

After the political transition of 2000, Echeverría was charged with

8322: 8163: 8060: 7935: 7754: 7658: 6798: 6656: 6110: 5303: 5288:"Policy Change in an Authoritarian Regime: Mexico under Echeverria" 1899:

The Third World in the Age of Globalisation: Requiem Or New Agenda?

1622: 1575: 1522: 1502:

María Esther Echeverría Zuno, who has promoted her mother's artwork

1413: 1405: 1163:, Echeverría's childhood friend and eventual presidential successor 1088: 918: 740: 699: 690: 410: 7442:

Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union

4802:"Luis Echeverría Alvarez, Former President of Mexico, Dies at 100" 1334:

numerous times during his presidential campaign in 1999 and 2000.

1315:

court in 1992 and sentenced to life in prison for his role in the

682:—the PRI party president—and other party leaders to his office in 8268: 8153: 8143: 8092: 7633: 6378: 5328:"Crisis in Mexico: Luis Echeverria and Lopez Portillo, 1970-1982" 3172:

Jungle Laboratories: National Projects and the Making of the Pill

2090: 2069:

Policy Change in an Authoritarian Regime: Mexico under Echeverria

1974:"Mexico Votes for General Assembly Resolution Condemning Zionism" 1398: 1323:

to pressure Washington for Zuno Arce's release, but to no avail.

1156: 1087:

along the river, which had led to progressively higher levels of

1025: 744: 446: 42: 3719:"Echeverria Indicates Readiness To Take Waldheim's Post at U.N." 3542:"Hortensia Bussi, Wife of Salvador Allende of Chile, Dies at 94" 2512:"POR QUÉ ECHEVERRÍA SE DECANTÓ POR TOXQUI Y NO POR SÁNCHEZ CRUZ" 2153: 2151: 2019: 2017: 8336: 8138: 8077: 7012: 5365: 5098:

Betancourt Cid, Carlos (2012). Martínez Ocampo, Lourdes (ed.).

4647:"Luis Echeverría cumple 96 años; saldría el jueves de hospital" 2166: 1139: 748: 3920: 3775:

La transición inconclusa: treinta años de elecciones en México

1802:"Luis Echeverría (Ex-President) Bio, Career, Net Worth, Death" 8821: 8777:

American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation

8283: 8066: 6145: 2148: 2014: 1997:"Mexico Tells U.S. Jews It Does Not Link Zionism With Racism" 1670:

second-worst rated former president in the survey, with only

1391:("Falcon Strike") since the special unit involved was called 2771:"A Sure Winner For Presidency Is Campaigning Hard In Mexico" 2230:"Zedillo y Fox los ex presidentes de México más reconocidos" 1956:"Waldheim is Backed by Security Council for Five Years More" 1726:

Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria

1260:

Echeverría imposed appointees on the new president, such as

1213:

Shortly after the election, a couple of devaluations of the

667: 8361: 8243: 6135: 6079: 5215:

Basurto, Jorge. "The Late Populism of Luis Echeverría". In

4830:"A quiet memorial for Mexican ex-president Luis Echeverria" 3486:

Mexico: An Encyclopedia of Contemporary Culture and History

3342:"Luis Echeverria, Mexico leader blamed for massacres, dies" 2141:

Basurto, Jorge. "The Late Populism of Luis Echeverría". In

1509: 959:, Echeverría famously issued a ban on almost every form of 901:

The Echeverría administration was characterized by growing

528:, who would eventually succeed him as president of Mexico. 4456:"Quiénes eran los hijos de Luis Echeverría y qué les pasó" 3873: 2982:"Mexico's 1971 Corpus Christi Massacre, Fifty Years Later" 1385:

for the feast day on which it took place, but also as the

1125:. Although Secretaries-General usually run unopposed, the 8816: 8796: 8791: 3433:. USA: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 221. 1828:"Muere expresidente Luis Echeverría los 100 años de edad" 1134:

voted on 7 December 1976. The PRC did cast one symbolic

1035:

Echeverría used his position as president to promote the

3874:

De la Madrid Hurtado, Miguel; Lajous, Alejandra (2004).

2723:"Perpetuating Power: How Mexican Presidents Were Chosen" 5004:"ECHEVERRIA ALVAREZ S.E. Luis decorato di Gran Cordone" 3900:"PRIMER CONGRESO LATINOAMERICANO DE HISTORIA ECONÓMICA" 3004:"Fallece Félix Agramont Cota, primer gobernador de BCS" 1621:

During his campaign and presidency, Echeverría adopted

727:

Echeverría assumed the presidency on December 1, 1970.

622:

Echeverría was Deputy Secretary of the Interior during

5266:

Perpetuating Power: How Mexican Presidents Were Chosen

4665:"Hospitalizan a expresidente mexicano Luis Echeverría" 4185:"Former Mexican President Luis Echeverria at Dies 100" 3747:

Soledad Loaeza, "Partido de Acción Nacional (PAN)" in

3736:

Perpetuating Power: How Mexican Presidents Were Chosen

3406:(1st ed.). UK: Canongate Books Ltd. p. 431. 558:

Echverría early in his political career, c.1940s-1950s

8972:

Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath

3700:"It's Election Year at U.N., With Waldheim Post Open" 1782:

List of centenarians (politicians and civil servants)

988:(left) and Luis Echeverría reviewing US troops (1972) 8932:

Candidates in the 1970 Mexican presidential election

4986:"Apr. 06, 1973 - Mexican President at Royal Banquet" 4477: 4475: 4473: 4038: 2262:"Walker's World: Why President Fox failed - UPI.com" 2036: 2034: 1758: 1563:

Previously, the longest-lived Mexican president was

1434:

accepted by Mexico covered past events of genocide.

1099:

Failed campaign for United Nations Secretary-General

4886: 4519: 4517: 3762:

La reforma electoral y el cambio político en México

3605:. Mexico: Universidad Iberoamericana; Cal y Arena. 1700:Honorary Knight Grand Cross of The Most Honourable 1480:Luis Vicente Echeverría Zuno (d. 2013), married to 890: 5893: 5292:Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 5217:Latin American Populism in Comparative Perspective 4450: 4448: 4446: 4444: 2957:Gendered struggles against globalisation in Mexico 2720: 2709:Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 2693:Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 2143:Latin American Populism in Comparative Perspective 2086:"Rights group urges Mexico to resolve "dirty war"" 812: 735:Echeverría was the first president born after the 4617:"Seguirán cuidando de Luis Echeverría en su casa" 4484:"El árbol genealógico de Luis Echeverría Álvarez" 4470: 4380:"Mexican Court Restores Warrant For Ex-President" 2031: 1950: 1948: 1946: 844:, to be the PRI's presidential candidate for the 437:. Echeverría strained relations with Israel (and 27:President of Mexico from 1970 to 1976 (1922–2022) 8908: 8762:List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States 5077:"Svečana večera u čast predsjednika Echeverrije" 4514: 4043:. Fondo de Cultura Económica. pp. 772–773. 3525: 3498: 3242: 2157: 1121:of Austria was running for a second term in the 1105:United Nations Secretary-General selection, 1976 694:A contribution bond for the Echeverría campaign. 8957:National Autonomous University of Mexico alumni 7199:North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972 6606:On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences 4441: 4358:"Mexican court rules no trial for ex-president" 3914: 3780: 3710: 3691: 3458:. Televisa. Noticieros Televisa. Archived from 2286: 2071:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 523–555. 1929:. University of California Press. p. 177. 49: and the second or maternal family name is 5097: 4887:Wilkie, James W.; Monzón Wilkie, Edna (2017). 3945: 3808:"Mexican Education: Echeverría's Mixed Legacy" 3598: 3055: 2968: 2832: 1943: 8992:Heads of government who were later imprisoned 8937:Institutional Revolutionary Party politicians 6095: 5879: 5447: 5122:Kiddle, Amelia M.; Muñoz, María L.O. (2010). 4890:Porfirio Muñoz Ledo. Historia oral: 1933-1988 4458:(in Spanish). Grupo Milenio. 7 September 2022 4159:"Mexico Security Chief Quits Amid Crime Wave" 3921:Ramos, Martinez & Ramírez. (March 1988). 2800:"Mexico: Next President: Not Left, Not Right" 2554: 2325: 1976:. Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 17 December 1975 1392: 1386: 8838:Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War 6389:Incapacitation of the Allied Control Council 5101:México contemporáneo. Cronología (1968-2000) 4593:. The British Film Institute. Archived from 4332:"Ex-President of Mexico Charged in Massacre" 3805: 3453: 2794: 2792: 2765: 2763: 2761: 2538: 2536: 2534: 2532: 2509: 1592: 1517:Adolfo Echeverría Zuno, a writer and teacher 1063:during his visit to Washington D.C. in 1975. 1047:, which equated Zionism with South Africa's 605: 140:16 November 1963 – 11 November 1969 7699:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre 5282:. Tucson: University of Arizona Press 2018. 5187: 5121: 4932: 4920: 4874: 4862: 4850: 4508: 4062: 4060: 3454:Lopez Segura, Eduardo (12 September 2013). 3367: 2747: 2745: 2588: 2497: 2485: 2080: 2078: 1574:, where he received his second dose of the 1486:María del Carmen Echeverría Zuno, an artist 98:1 December 1970 – 30 November 1976 8802:United States involvement in regime change 6357:1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine 6102: 6088: 5886: 5872: 5454: 5440: 3923:Salinas de Gortari: Candidato de la crisis 3878:. Fondo de Cultura Económica. p. 35. 3738:. New York: The New Press 2000, pp. 25–29. 3602:Boicot. El pleito de Echeverría con Israel 3566: 2755:. New York: HarperCollins 1997, pp. 736–37 2711:, Vol. 19, No. 4 (Nov. 1977), pp. 523–555. 2695:, Vol. 19, No. 4 (Nov. 1977), pp. 557–580 2635: 2633: 2631: 2629: 2627: 2625: 2623: 2290:Heads of States and Governments Since 1945 2255: 2253: 2251: 1895: 1839: 1837: 524:descent. One of his childhood friends was 68: 3636: 3634: 3260: 3258: 3256: 3254: 3082: 2848:Aspen Treatise for Business Organizations 2789: 2758: 2529: 2510:Pérez García, Gerardo (20 January 2022). 1188:Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution 717: 668:1970 presidential succession and campaign 577: 5461: 5325: 5222: 4792: 4527:(in Spanish). Revista Clase. 20 May 2020 4481: 4288:"'Dirty War' Case in Mexico Is Set Back" 4230: 4228: 4057: 3961: 3959: 3957: 3925:. Plaza y Valdés Editores. p. 143. 3479: 3477: 3456:"Avandaro y el festival de rock de 1971" 3163: 3161: 3159: 3078: 3076: 2880:"Farm Seizure Poses Problems for Mexico" 2844: 2742: 2111: 2109: 2075: 1922: 1596: 1536:, an economist in the administration of 1460: 1182:López Portillo ran unopposed, since the 1155: 1054: 1020:, the widow of former Chilean President 1002: 979: 859: 816: 698:During his campaign, Echeverría adopted 689: 678:On 22 October 1969, Díaz Ordaz summoned 609: 564:National Autonomous University of Mexico 553: 503: 331:National Autonomous University of Mexico 6928:Transition to the New Order (Indonesia) 5977:Antonio Vázquez del Mercado (1964–1970) 5285: 4946:"Prizes, Stimuli And Act Civil Rewards" 4798: 4754:(in Spanish). El Universal. 9 July 2022 4549:(in Spanish). El Universal. 19 May 2020 4429:(in Spanish). El Universal. 9 July 2022 4066: 3751:. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn 1997, 1050. 3697: 3667: 3665: 3594: 3592: 3483: 3426: 3401: 3368:Poniatowska, Elena (18 November 2007). 3363: 3361: 3359: 2996: 2620: 2461:"Maria Zuno; Former Mexican First Lady" 2248: 2227: 2066: 1834: 1554: 1115:Secretary-General of the United Nations 855: 656:in October 1968, a few days before the 435:Secretary-General of the United Nations 279: 14: 8909: 8772:Russian espionage in the United States 7044:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia 5986:Secretary of Finance and Public Credit 5142: 4236:"Mexicans Begin a Secret-Army Inquiry" 4069:"Salinas Denies New Charges By Mexico" 3786: 3631: 3295: 3293: 3291: 3289: 3251: 3208: 3067: 2555:Patrick Boyer, J. (25 February 2017). 2313: 2162:. Pearson Educación. pp. 387–388. 1994: 1714:Order of Merit of the Italian Republic 1712:Knight Grand Cross with Collar of the 1472:On 2 January 1945, Echeverría married 1255: 582: 421:'s dictatorship in Chile, established 390:of 2 October 1968, which ruptured the 367:from 1970 to 1976. Previously, he was 275: 8767:Soviet espionage in the United States 6923:Indonesian mass killings of 1965–1966 6702:Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution 6367:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight 6083: 5961:Marcelino García Barragán (1964–1970) 5867: 5435: 5166: 4225: 4177: 4099:from the original on 19 November 2004 4039:De la Madrid Hurtado, Miguel (2004). 3954: 3789:"Retiring Mexican Is Not So Retiring" 3716: 3673:"Colorado River Salt Annoys Mexicans" 3567:Watt, Peter; Zepeda, Roberto (2012). 3513: 3474: 3174:. Durham: Duke University Press 2009. 3156: 3073: 2851:. Wolters Kluwer Law & Business. 2820: 2542: 2455: 2453: 2422: 2223: 2221: 2106: 2043:"New Details of Mexico's 'Dirty War'" 2040: 1677: 883:as well as interest in the 1969 U.S. 354: 30:For the Puerto Rican politician, see 8843:Soviet Union–United States relations 7194:1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China 6048:Alfonso Corona del Rosal (1964–1966) 4482:Alcauter, Brando (17 January 2019). 4016:(in Spanish). Government of Mexico. 3986:(in Spanish). Government of Mexico. 3662: 3589: 3548:. The Associated Press. 18 June 2009 3526:Delgado de Cantú, Gloria M. (2003). 3499:Delgado de Cantú, Gloria M. (2003). 3356: 3314:"4 Abduct Kinsman Of Mexican Leader" 3243:Delgado de Cantú, Gloria M. (2003). 2945:The Penguin History of Latin America 2326:Torres García, Caleb (9 July 2022). 2200:"Exculpa tribunal a Luis Echeverría" 2158:Delgado de Cantú, Gloria M. (2003). 1508:Pablo Echeverría Zuno, an author at 961:rock music recorded by Mexican bands 949: 8947:Mexican secretaries of the interior 8807:Soviet involvement in regime change 6016:Emilio Martínez Manatou (1964–1970) 5030:"Reply to a parliamentary question" 4262:"Genocide Charges Denied in Mexico" 3787:Riding, Alan Riding (16 May 1976). 3286: 3087:. Panorama Editorial. p. 123. 2906:"Mexico Planning Investment Change" 2667:"Díaz Is Sworn In As Mexico's Head" 2228:Beltran, Ulises (29 October 2012). 1674:receiving a lower approval rating. 1081:United States Bureau of Reclamation 1016:military dictatorships; among them 760:bring the perpetrators of the 1971 128:Secretary of the Interior of Mexico 24: 8848:Soviet Union–United States summits 6322:1947 Polish parliamentary election 6207:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states 5209: 4571:(in Spanish). infobae. 20 May 2020 4067:Preston, Julia (5 December 1995). 3950:. Fernández Editores. p. 504. 2845:Ramseyer, J. Mark (4 March 2022). 2450: 2218: 2041:Tobar, Hector (27 February 2006). 1250: 1032:to open an office in the capital. 1007:Echeverría with Italian president 782: 730: 356:[ˈlwisetʃeβeˈri.aˈalβaɾes] 25: 9013: 8927:20th-century presidents of Mexico 7609:Lord's Resistance Army insurgency 7544:United States invasion of Grenada 6814:Guinea-Bissau War of Independence 6755:Expulsion of Soviets from Albania 5358: 4799:Kandell, Jonathan (9 July 2022). 4623:. 18 January 2018. Archived from 4486:. Cuna de grillos. Archived from 4207:"Ex-President of Mexico Indicted" 3851:. Revista Proceso. Archived from 3717:Grose, Peterr (19 October 1976). 3530:. Pearson Educación. p. 371. 3503:. Pearson Educación. p. 373. 3402:Doggett, Peter (4 October 2007). 3303:, vol. 23, no. 1 (1988), pp. 7–14 3247:. Pearson Educación. p. 349. 3140:. Revista Proceso. Archived from 3109:"Managing Mexico's External Debt" 2174:"Warrant for Mexico ex-president" 2115: 1995:Riding, Alan (13 December 1975). 1505:Rodolfo Echeverría Zuno (d. 1983) 1030:Palestine Liberation Organization 1011:during his visit to Rome in 1974. 975: 921:, as well as the urban guerrilla 885:National Environmental Policy Act 589:Institutional Revolutionary Party 413:. He offered political asylum to 361:Institutional Revolutionary Party 249:5 ft 7 in (1.70 m) 8987:20th-century Mexican politicians 8942:Mexican people of Basque descent 7684:United States invasion of Panama 7534:1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War 7174:1971 Turkish military memorandum 7137:Communist insurgency in Thailand 7107:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 7039:Communist insurgency in Malaysia 6866:Assassination of John F. Kennedy 6794:Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation 6312:Restatement of Policy on Germany 5924: 5822: 5364: 5268:. New York: The New Press 2000. 5188:Valles Ruiz, Rosa María (2006). 5069: 5047: 5022: 4996: 4978: 4960: 4938: 4926: 4914: 4880: 4868: 4856: 4844: 4822: 4766: 4744: 4732:(in Spanish). Aristegui Noticias 4722: 4697: 4679: 4657: 4639: 4609: 4583: 4561: 4539: 4502: 4419: 4397: 4372: 4350: 4324: 4302: 4280: 4254: 4199: 4151: 4133: 4111: 4079: 4032: 3642:"Rogers Confers With Echeverria" 2802:. Time Magazine. 31 October 1969 2328:"La dinastía de Luis Echeverría" 2118:"The Dawn of Mexico's Dirty War" 1777:List of heads of state of Mexico 1761: 1748:Order of the Yugoslav Great Star 1742: 1731: 1719: 1707: 1695: 1683: 1547:, died on February 14, 2004, in 1456: 1123:1976 Secretary-General selection 1045:General Assembly Resolution 3379 891:Dirty War and political violence 472:against student protesters, the 8982:Members of the Order of Jamaica 8404:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 7785:Dissolution of the Soviet Union 7714:Fall of the inner German border 7614:1988 Black Sea bumping incident 7264:Strategic Arms Limitation Talks 7254:Spanish transition to democracy 7214:1972–1975 Bangladesh insurgency 6841:Communist insurgency in Sarawak 6347:Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948 6228:Occupation of the Baltic states 6051:Manuel Franco López (1966–1970) 6032:Gilberto Valenzuela (1964–1970) 5128:. University Of Arizona Press. 5091: 4405:"México: exoneran a Echeverría" 4020:from the original on 3 May 2022 4002: 3990:from the original on 3 May 2022 3972: 3939: 3892: 3867: 3837: 3799: 3767: 3754: 3741: 3728: 3698:Hofmann, Paul (17 April 1976). 3599:Katz Gugenheim, Ariela (2019). 3560: 3534: 3519: 3507: 3492: 3447: 3420: 3395: 3384: 3334: 3306: 3236: 3202: 3177: 3126: 3101: 3061: 3049: 3028: 2974: 2962: 2950: 2938: 2932:"1975 Zona Económica Exclusiva" 2924: 2898: 2872: 2838: 2826: 2814: 2714: 2701: 2685: 2659: 2594: 2582: 2548: 2503: 2491: 2479: 2436:"Former Mexican President Dies" 2428: 2416: 2394: 2368: 2342: 2319: 2307: 2280: 2192: 2135: 2060: 1657:to greet the parading workers: 1465:Portrait of Echeverría's wife, 1095:land along the lower Colorado. 923:Liga Comunista 23 de Septiembre 813:Changes in the electoral system 722: 271: 7184:Four Power Agreement on Berlin 6819:Mozambican War of Independence 6258:Indonesian National Revolution 5894:Díaz Ordaz cabinet (1964–1970) 5332:Journal of Third World Studies 5152:(in Spanish). Editorial Clío. 4653:(in Spanish). 17 January 2018. 3806:Perissinotto, Giorgio (1977). 3301:Latin American Research Review 3209:Turner, B. (12 January 2017). 2232:. Imagen Radio. Archived from 1988: 1966: 1916: 1889: 1863: 1820: 1794: 1572:Estadio Olímpico Universitario 1041:1975 World Conference on Women 877:National Polytechnic Institute 873:National Autonomous University 562:Echeverría studied law at the 363:(PRI), who served as the 57th 13: 1: 8782:CIA and the Cultural Cold War 7797:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia 7750:Min Ping Yu No. 5540 incident 7472:1984 Summer Olympics boycotts 7437:Seven Days to the River Rhine 7169:Corrective Revolution (Egypt) 6456:March 1949 Syrian coup d'état 6384:1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état 6060:Secretary of Public Education 5954:Secretary of National Defense 5326:Richmond, Douglas W. (1988). 5149:El sexenio de Luis Echeverría 5083:(8989): 10. 14 February 1974. 4780:(in Spanish). 17 January 2022 3946:López Portillo, José (1988). 3430:The human tradition in Mexico 3134:"Un sexenio de desequilibrio" 3012:. 12 May 2013. Archived from 2024:El sexenio de Luis Echeverría 1787: 1666:he doesn't say to what end." 1601:Statue of Luis Echeverría in 1307:Echeverría's brother-in-law, 1152:1976 Mexican general election 1083:, had developed wide-ranging 1059:Echeverría with US president 945:executed by the armed forces. 674:1970 Mexican general election 641: 499: 8952:Politicians from Mexico City 7775:Fall of communism in Albania 7745:Mongolian Revolution of 1990 7694:Polish Round Table Agreement 7034:1968 Polish political crisis 6851:Eritrean War of Independence 6617:Hungarian Revolution of 1956 6512:East German uprising of 1953 6444:Chinese Communist Revolution 6109: 6041:Secretary of National Assets 5935:Secretary of Foreign Affairs 5286:Grindle, Merilee S. (1977). 5241:10.1525/curh.1974.66.393.212 5223:Bizzarro, Salvatore (1974). 5170:Mexico And The United States 5006:(in Italian). Archived from 4671:(in Spanish). Archived from 3427:Pilcher, Jeffrey M. (2002). 2438:. NBC News. 17 February 2004 1877:(in Spanish). 2 October 2018 1830:. El Universal. 9 July 2022. 938:1971 Corpus Christi massacre 801:Echeverría nationalized the 775:, which had previously been 470:1971 Corpus Christi massacre 41:, the first or paternal 7: 7649:Korean Air Lines Flight 007 7377:Korean Air Lines Flight 902 7122:Corrective Movement (Syria) 7086:New People's Army rebellion 7081:Sino-Soviet border conflict 6809:Angolan War of Independence 6672:Second Taiwan Strait Crisis 6552:1954 Guatemalan coup d'état 6197:Jamaican political conflict 6010:Secretary of the Presidency 5808:Andrés Manuel López Obrador 5534:Francisco Javier Echeverría 5514:Antonio López de Santa Anna 4693:(in Spanish). 11 July 2018. 2721:Jorge G. Castañeda (2000). 2558:Foreign Voices in the House 2206:(in Spanish). 27 March 2009 1754: 1236:International Monetary Fund 1071:, which drains much of the 1039:, which was adopted by the 967:in Mexico City by the band 535:at the home of the artists 386:. This culminated with the 374:Echeverría was a long-time 240:Institutional Revolutionary 10: 9018: 7845:Sino-Indian border dispute 7674:First Nagorno-Karabakh War 7604:1987–1989 JVP insurrection 7362:1976 Argentine coup d'état 7274:Turkish invasion of Cyprus 7224:1973 Uruguayan coup d'état 6908:1964 Brazilian coup d'état 6876:Cyprus crisis of 1963–1964 6565:First Taiwan Strait Crisis 6332:Asian Relations Conference 5660:Francisco León de la Barra 4290:. Chronicle. 11 March 2005 3528:Historia de México Vol. II 3501:Historia de México Vol. II 3245:Historia de México Vol. II 2753:Mexico: Biography of Power 2606:Memoria Política de México 2382:(in Spanish). 10 July 2022 2293:. Routledge. p. 551. 2160:Historia de México Vol. II 1367: 1149: 1127:People's Republic of China 1102: 894: 680:Alfonso Martínez Domínguez 671: 645: 36: 29: 8881: 8830: 8752: 8729:William Appleman Williams 8674:Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. 8456: 8428: 8377: 8309: 8302: 8236: 8101: 8026: 7956: 7949: 7858: 7805: 7737: 7450: 7189:Bangladesh Liberation War 7179:1971 Sudanese coup d'état 7094: 7066:1969 Sudanese coup d'état 7054:1968 Peruvian coup d'état 6717: 6492:Arab Cold War (1952–1979) 6469: 6179: 6117: 6058: 6039: 6025:Secretary of Public Works 6023: 6009: 5984: 5968: 5952: 5933: 5922: 5901:Secretary of the Interior 5899: 5831: 5820: 5783:Carlos Salinas de Gortari 5635:Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada 5469: 5420: 5411: 5401: 5395:Secretary of the Interior 5392: 5384: 5379: 5225:"Mexico under Echeverría" 4121:. Meaww. 14 February 2020 3370:"El poeta Alberto Blanco" 3190:. University of Edinburgh 2602:"Luis-Echeverría Álvarez" 2356:(in Spanish). 9 July 2022 2067:Grindle, Merilee (1977). 1902:. Zed Books. p. 56. 1716:, Italy (8 February 1974) 1672:Carlos Salinas de Gortari 1593:Legacy and public opinion 1499:(1948-2020), an economist 1420:On 24 February 2005, the 1298:Carlos Salinas de Gortari 1223:dollar. Future President 1024:. Moreover, he condemned 864:Echeverría addresses the 837:the previous age of 30). 821:Echeverría with engineer 632:Secretary of the Interior 616:Secretary of the Interior 606:Secretary of the Interior 369:Secretary of the Interior 341: 326: 297: 289: 253: 245: 235: 218: 194: 189: 185: 173: 163: 144: 133: 126: 114: 102: 91: 83: 79: 67: 60: 7504:1980 Turkish coup d'état 7339:Cambodian–Vietnamese War 7309:1978 Somali coup attempt 7269:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War 7234:1973 Chilean coup d'état 7059:Revolutionary Government 6953:South African Border War 6745:1960 Turkish coup d'état 6662:Iraqi 14 July Revolution 6517:1953 Iranian coup d'état 6497:1952 Egyptian revolution 5730:Abelardo Luján Rodríguez 5035:(in German). p. 397 3845:"Así se devaluó el peso" 3488:. ABC-CLIO. p. 153. 3484:Coerver, Don M. (2004). 2287:Harris M. Lentz (2014). 1923:González, Fredy (2017). 1896:Narain Roy, Ash (1999). 1690:Order of the Aztec Eagle 1649:the effusiveness of the 1422:Supreme Court of Justice 1262:Hermenegildo Cuenca Díaz 1240:orthodox economic policy 441:) after supporting a UN 392:Mexican student movement 8962:Mexican anti-communists 7709:Fall of the Berlin Wall 7654:People Power Revolution 7639:Central American crisis 7579:1986 Black Sea incident 7229:1973 Afghan coup d'état 7127:Western Sahara conflict 6938:1966 Syrian coup d'état 6861:1963 Syrian coup d'état 6804:Portuguese Colonial War 6767:First Iraqi–Kurdish War 6532:1954 Syrian coup d'état 6409:Annexation of Hyderabad 6352:1947–1949 Palestine war 5943:Antonio Carrillo Flores 5909:Luis Echeverría Álvarez 5700:Francisco Lagos Cházaro 5579:Manuel María Lombardini 5544:José Joaquín de Herrera 5371:Luis Echeverría Álvarez 5235:(393). JSTOR: 212–224. 4933:Kiddle & Muñoz 2010 4921:Kiddle & Muñoz 2010 4875:Kiddle & Muñoz 2010 4863:Kiddle & Muñoz 2010 4851:Kiddle & Muñoz 2010 4143:El Heraldo de Chihuahua 3818:(425). JSTOR: 115–134. 1736:Honorary Member of the 1383:Corpus Christi massacre 1317:Guadalajara drug cartel 1245:Julio Rodolfo Moctezuma 1196:Mexican Communist Party 1184:Popular Socialist Party 762:Corpus Christi massacre 753:Economic Exclusion Zone 593:Rodolfo Sánchez Taboada 512:Echeverría was born in 348:Luis Echeverría Álvarez 311:Rodolfo Echeverría Ruiz 199:Luis Echeverría Álvarez 74:Official portrait, 1970 32:Luis Alberto Echevarría 8003:Neoclassical economics 7514:Gulf of Sidra incident 7071:1969 Libyan revolution 6762:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict 6547:1954 Geneva Conference 6307:Turkish straits crisis 6302:Corfu Channel incident 5655:Manuel González Flores 5574:Juan Bautista Ceballos 5191:Yo no soy primera dama 5173:. Marshall Cavendish. 3749:Encyclopedia of Mexico 3185:"Gaxiola Lazcano 2021" 3168:Soto Laveaga, Gabriela 1663: 1610: 1527:Álvaro Echeverría Zuno 1514:Benito Echeverría Zuno 1490:Álvaro Echeverría Zuno 1469: 1410:statute of limitations 1393: 1387: 1354:Alejandro Gertz Manero 1296:After leaving office, 1175:and Interior Minister 1167:Echeverría designated 1164: 1064: 1012: 989: 957:Avándaro Rock Festival 868: 833: 718:Presidency (1970–1976) 709:Efraín González Morfín 695: 619: 587:Echeverría joined the 578:Early political career 559: 545:David Alfaro Siqueiros 509: 417:and other refugees of 384:extrajudicial killings 352:Spanish pronunciation: 8853:Russia–NATO relations 8734:Jonathan Reed Winkler 8018:Democratic capitalism 8013:Supply-side economics 7981:American conservatism 7780:Breakup of Yugoslavia 7669:Bougainville conflict 7584:South Yemen civil war 7519:Martial law in Poland 7382:Nicaraguan Revolution 7357:Dirty War (Argentina) 7164:1971 JVP insurrection 6978:Years of Lead (Italy) 6856:North Yemen civil war 6774:Berlin Crisis of 1961 6750:Albanian–Soviet split 6682:1959 Tibetan uprising 6647:Syrian Crisis of 1957 6502:Iraqi Intifada (1952) 6362:1948 Arab–Israeli War 5970:Secretary of the Navy 5715:Plutarco Elías Calles 5680:Francisco S. Carvajal 5612:Manuel Robles Pezuela 5509:Valentín Gómez Farías 5338:(1). JSTOR: 160–171. 5298:(4). JSTOR: 523–555. 5194:(in Spanish). DEMAC. 3571:. London: Zed Books. 1659: 1600: 1464: 1339:Adolfo Aguilar Zínser 1311:, was convicted by a 1192:National Action Party 1159: 1150:Further information: 1136:Security Council veto 1058: 1006: 983: 863: 820: 693: 613: 557: 507: 400:1970 general election 8997:Mexican centenarians 8274:Non-Aligned Movement 7896:Peaceful coexistence 7850:North Borneo dispute 7765:German reunification 7760:Min Ping Yu No. 5202 7458:Salvadoran Civil War 7407:Grand Mosque seizure 7402:Yemenite War of 1979 7294:Mozambican Civil War 7249:Carnation Revolution 7204:Yemenite War of 1972 7142:1970 Polish protests 6973:1967 Hong Kong riots 6948:Argentine Revolution 6898:Guatemalan Civil War 6826:Cuban Missile Crisis 6740:Bay of Pigs Invasion 6612:1956 Poznań protests 6590:Geneva Summit (1955) 6192:Hukbalahap Rebellion 6171:Non-Aligned Movement 5753:Adolfo Ruiz Cortines 5748:Miguel Alemán Valdés 5743:Manuel Ávila Camacho 5695:Roque González Garza 5594:Juan Álvarez Hurtado 5559:Pedro María de Anaya 5504:Manuel Gómez Pedraza 5494:Anastasio Bustamante 5484:José María Bocanegra 5463:Presidents of Mexico 5373:at Wikimedia Commons 3948:Mis Tiempos, Vol. II 3734:Jorge G. Castañeda, 2354:El Heraldo de México 1692:, Mexico (1970–1976) 1688:Grand Master of the 1555:Later life and death 1302:Luis Donaldo Colosio 1229:Fausto Loredo Zapata 1117:. Secretary-General 992:Under the banner of 856:Environmental policy 823:Oscar Vega Argüelles 658:1968 Summer Olympics 626:'s presidency, with 549:José Clemente Orozco 423:diplomatic relations 278:; died 8719:Alex von Tunzelmann 8709:Vladimir Tismăneanu 8634:Thomas J. McCormick 8629:Jack F. Matlock Jr. 8529:Robert Hugh Ferrell 8392:Crusade for Freedom 8189:Illiberal democracy 8073:Ho Chi Minh Thought 7876:Eisenhower Doctrine 7729:Peaceful Revolution 7724:Romanian Revolution 7704:Revolutions of 1989 7689:1988 Polish strikes 7599:Operation INFEKTION 7594:1987 Lieyu massacre 7499:Eritrean Civil Wars 7482:Peruvian Revolution 7432:1979 Herat uprising 7422:Sino-Vietnamese War 7387:Uganda–Tanzania War 7367:Egyptian–Libyan War 7334:Third Indochina War 7329:Sino-Albanian split 7319:Ethiopian Civil War 7219:Eritrean Civil Wars 7159:Ping-pong diplomacy 7132:Cambodian Civil War 6958:Korean DMZ Conflict 6943:Cultural Revolution 6913:Dominican Civil War 6891:Tlatelolco massacre 6677:1959 Mosul uprising 6667:1958 Lebanon crisis 6394:Al-Wathbah uprising 6317:First Indochina War 6287:Iran crisis of 1946 5915:Mario Moya Palencia 5837:President of Mexico 5778:Miguel de la Madrid 5773:José López Portillo 5758:Adolfo López Mateos 5725:Pascual Ortiz Rubio 5705:Adolfo de la Huerta 5685:Venustiano Carranza 5665:Francisco I. Madero 5640:José María Iglesias 5607:Félix María Zuloaga 5424:José López Portillo 5414:President of Mexico 5405:Mario Moya Palencia 5263:Castañeda, Jorge G. 5167:Stacy, Lee (2002). 4948:. Global Regulation 4384:The Washington Post 4338:. 20 September 2005 4014:portales.sre.gob.mx 3984:portales.sre.gob.mx 3271:The Washington Post 3056:Betancourt Cid 2012 2969:Betancourt Cid 2012 2947:by Edwin Williamson 2833:Betancourt Cid 2012 2330:(in Spanish). Quién 1642:Porfirio Muñoz Ledo 1631:Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas 1543:His brother, actor 1374:Tlatelolco massacre 1283:Miguel de la Madrid 1273:Jesús Reyes Heroles 1256:Continued influence 1225:Miguel de la Madrid 1177:Mario Moya Palencia 1173:Porfirio Muñoz Ledo 1169:José López Portillo 1161:José López Portillo 1077:U.S.-Mexican border 927:José Guadalupe Zuno 842:José López Portillo 777:federal territories 769:Baja California Sur 654:Tlatelolco massacre 648:Tlatelolco Massacre 624:Adolfo López Mateos 583:Early PRI positions 526:José López Portillo 489:land redistribution 388:Tlatelolco massacre 365:president of Mexico 180:Mario Moya Palencia 152:Adolfo López Mateos 121:José López Portillo 86:President of Mexico 18:José Guadalupe Zuno 8873:Russian Revolution 8669:Mary Elise Sarotte 8654:William B. Pickett 8579:Patrick J. Hearden 8559:Gabriel Gorodetsky 8554:Timothy Garton Ash 8539:Anneli Ute Gabanyi 8134:Ethnic nationalism 7886:Hallstein Doctrine 7770:Yemeni unification 7559:1985 Geneva Summit 7524:Casamance conflict 7427:New Jewel Movement 7412:Iranian Revolution 7397:Chadian–Libyan War 7344:Cambodian conflict 7324:Lebanese Civil War 7314:Western Sahara War 7289:June 1976 protests 7284:Cambodian genocide 7049:17 July Revolution 7003:Nigerian Civil War 6918:Rhodesian Bush War 6903:Colombian conflict 6846:Ramadan Revolution 6585:Bandung Conference 6461:Operation Valuable 6342:Partition of India 5994:Antonio Ortiz Mena 5803:Enrique Peña Nieto 5763:Gustavo Díaz Ordaz 5622:José Ignacio Pavón 5554:José Mariano Salas 5474:Guadalupe Victoria 5388:Gustavo Díaz Ordaz 5380:Political offices 5081:Slobodna Dalmacija 5055:"Order of Jamaica" 5010:on 30 October 2013 4808:The New York Times 4627:on 19 January 2018 4336:The New York Times 4240:The New York Times 4073:The New York Times 3967:Perpetuating Power 3793:The New York Times 3760:Córdova, L (2003) 3722:The New York Times 3704:The New York Times 3677:The New York Times 3647:The New York Times 3546:The New York Times 3319:The New York Times 3083:Fernández (2008). 2934:. 4 November 1975. 2910:The New York Times 2886:. 26 November 1976 2884:The New York Times 2775:The New York Times 2728:The New York Times 2671:The New York Times 2236:on 26 January 2020 2001:The New York Times 1962:. 8 December 1976. 1960:The New York Times 1750:(13 February 1974) 1724:Great Star of the 1678:Honours and awards 1646:Secretary of Labor 1629:. Cárdenas's son, 1611: 1470: 1204:write-in candidate 1165: 1073:American Southwest 1065: 1013: 990: 965:Auditorio Nacional 931:Eugenio Garza Sada 903:political violence 897:Dirty War (Mexico) 869: 834: 807:contraceptive pill 737:Mexican Revolution 696: 628:Gustavo Díaz Ordaz 620: 572:constitutional law 560: 510: 169:Gustavo Díaz Ordaz 156:Gustavo Díaz Ordaz 109:Gustavo Díaz Ordaz 8904: 8903: 8891:List of conflicts 8739:Rudolph Winnacker 8684:Giles Scott-Smith 8659:Ronald E. Powaski 8614:Melvyn P. Leffler 8544:John Lewis Gaddis 8519:Robert D. English 8484:Warren H. Carroll 8474:Michael Beschloss 8443:Nuclear arms race 8424: 8423: 8330:Neues Deutschland 8232: 8231: 8214:White nationalism 8184:Liberal democracy 7921:Ulbricht Doctrine 7911:Brezhnev Doctrine 7719:Velvet Revolution 7463:Soviet–Afghan War 7279:Angolan Civil War 7076:Goulash Communism 6933:ASEAN Declaration 6886:Mexican Dirty War 6784:Annexation of Goa 6735:1960 U-2 incident 6709:Sino-Soviet split 6687:Laotian Civil War 6527:Bricker Amendment 6507:Mau Mau rebellion 6451:Malayan Emergency 6439:Chinese Civil War 6399:Tito–Stalin split 6253:Division of Korea 6077: 6076: 5861: 5860: 5848:Emperor of Mexico 5815:(President-elect) 5813:Claudia Sheinbaum 5720:Emilio Portes Gil 5690:Eulalio Gutiérrez 5675:Victoriano Huerta 5599:Ignacio Comonfort 5564:Manuel de la Peña 5539:Valentín Canalizo 5430: 5429: 5421:Succeeded by 5402:Succeeded by 5369:Media related to 5201:978-968-6851-59-5 5114:978-607-7916-73-4 4705:"Pedro Lascuráin" 4597:on 12 August 2023 4266:Los Angeles Times 4211:Los Angeles Times 4163:Los Angeles Times 3612:978-607-8564-17-0 3440:978-0-8420-2976-6 3144:on 14 August 2019 3094:978-968-38-1697-9 3009:La Crónica de Hoy 2858:978-1-5438-2594-7 2673:. 2 December 1964 2467:. 8 December 1999 2465:Los Angeles Times 2300:978-1-134-26490-2 2047:Los Angeles Times 1936:978-0-520-96448-8 1702:Order of the Bath 1474:María Esther Zuno 1467:María Esther Zuno 950:Ban on rock music 881:Colegio de México 803:barbasco industry 533:María Esther Zuno 494:history of Mexico 345: 344: 319:(daughter-in-law) 260:María Esther Zuno 231:, Morelos, Mexico 16:(Redirected from 9009: 9002:Men centenarians 8649:David S. Painter 8574:John Earl Haynes 8504:Nicholas J. Cull 8489:Adrian Cioroianu 8469:Thomas A. Bailey 8416:Voice of America 8307: 8306: 8219:White separatism 8199:Social democracy 8194:Guided democracy 8174:Authoritarianism 8124:Ultranationalism 8114:Anti-imperialism 8041:Marxism–Leninism 7954: 7953: 7941:Kinmen Agreement 7906:Johnson Doctrine 7891:Kennedy Doctrine 7807:Frozen conflicts 7790:1991 August Coup 7679:Afghan Civil War 7574:Reykjavík Summit 7569:Somali Rebellion 7509:Ugandan Bush War 7487:Gdańsk Agreement 7008:Protests of 1968 6988:War of Attrition 6697:Cuban Revolution 6633:We will bury you 6600:Cyprus Emergency 6580:Kashmir Princess 6570:Jebel Akhdar War 6419:Western betrayal 6104: 6097: 6090: 6081: 6080: 5928: 5927: 5888: 5881: 5874: 5865: 5864: 5826: 5825: 5524:José Justo Corro 5479:Vicente Guerrero 5456: 5449: 5442: 5433: 5432: 5385:Preceded by 5377: 5376: 5368: 5354: 5352: 5350: 5322: 5320: 5318: 5259: 5257: 5255: 5205: 5184: 5163: 5139: 5118: 5106: 5085: 5084: 5073: 5067: 5066: 5064: 5062: 5051: 5045: 5044: 5042: 5040: 5034: 5026: 5020: 5019: 5017: 5015: 5000: 4994: 4993: 4982: 4976: 4975: 4974:. 26 March 2004. 4964: 4958: 4957: 4955: 4953: 4942: 4936: 4930: 4924: 4918: 4912: 4911: 4909: 4907: 4884: 4878: 4872: 4866: 4860: 4854: 4848: 4842: 4841: 4839: 4837: 4826: 4820: 4819: 4817: 4815: 4804: 4796: 4790: 4789: 4787: 4785: 4770: 4764: 4763: 4761: 4759: 4748: 4742: 4741: 4739: 4737: 4726: 4720: 4719: 4717: 4715: 4709:Busca Biografías 4701: 4695: 4694: 4683: 4677: 4676: 4675:on 24 June 2018. 4661: 4655: 4654: 4643: 4637: 4636: 4634: 4632: 4613: 4607: 4606: 4604: 4602: 4587: 4581: 4580: 4578: 4576: 4565: 4559: 4558: 4556: 4554: 4543: 4537: 4536: 4534: 4532: 4521: 4512: 4509:Valles Ruiz 2006 4506: 4500: 4499: 4497: 4495: 4479: 4468: 4467: 4465: 4463: 4452: 4439: 4438: 4436: 4434: 4423: 4417: 4416: 4414: 4412: 4401: 4395: 4394: 4392: 4390: 4376: 4370: 4369: 4367: 4365: 4354: 4348: 4347: 4345: 4343: 4328: 4322: 4321: 4319: 4317: 4306: 4300: 4299: 4297: 4295: 4284: 4278: 4277: 4275: 4273: 4258: 4252: 4251: 4249: 4247: 4232: 4223: 4222: 4220: 4218: 4203: 4197: 4196: 4194: 4192: 4181: 4175: 4174: 4172: 4170: 4165:. 14 August 2004 4155: 4149: 4148: 4137: 4131: 4130: 4128: 4126: 4115: 4109: 4108: 4106: 4104: 4098: 4091: 4083: 4077: 4076: 4064: 4055: 4054: 4036: 4030: 4029: 4027: 4025: 4006: 4000: 3999: 3997: 3995: 3976: 3970: 3963: 3952: 3951: 3943: 3937: 3936: 3918: 3912: 3911: 3909: 3907: 3896: 3890: 3889: 3871: 3865: 3864: 3862: 3860: 3855:on 27 March 2017 3841: 3835: 3834: 3832: 3830: 3803: 3797: 3796: 3784: 3778: 3773:Gómez, S (2001) 3771: 3765: 3758: 3752: 3745: 3739: 3732: 3726: 3725: 3714: 3708: 3707: 3695: 3689: 3688: 3686: 3684: 3669: 3660: 3659: 3657: 3655: 3638: 3629: 3628: 3626: 3624: 3619:on 10 April 2022 3615:. Archived from 3596: 3587: 3586: 3564: 3558: 3557: 3555: 3553: 3538: 3532: 3531: 3523: 3517: 3511: 3505: 3504: 3496: 3490: 3489: 3481: 3472: 3471: 3469: 3467: 3451: 3445: 3444: 3424: 3418: 3417: 3399: 3393: 3388: 3382: 3381: 3379: 3377: 3365: 3354: 3353: 3351: 3349: 3338: 3332: 3331: 3329: 3327: 3322:. 29 August 1974 3310: 3304: 3297: 3284: 3283: 3281: 3279: 3262: 3249: 3248: 3240: 3234: 3233: 3231: 3229: 3206: 3200: 3199: 3197: 3195: 3189: 3181: 3175: 3165: 3154: 3153: 3151: 3149: 3130: 3124: 3123: 3121: 3119: 3113: 3105: 3099: 3098: 3080: 3071: 3065: 3059: 3053: 3047: 3046: 3044: 3042: 3032: 3026: 3025: 3023: 3021: 3000: 2994: 2993: 2991: 2989: 2978: 2972: 2966: 2960: 2954: 2948: 2942: 2936: 2935: 2928: 2922: 2921: 2919: 2917: 2912:. 2 January 1973 2902: 2896: 2895: 2893: 2891: 2876: 2870: 2869: 2867: 2865: 2842: 2836: 2830: 2824: 2818: 2812: 2811: 2809: 2807: 2796: 2787: 2786: 2784: 2782: 2767: 2756: 2751:Enrique Krauze, 2749: 2740: 2739: 2737: 2735: 2718: 2712: 2705: 2699: 2689: 2683: 2682: 2680: 2678: 2663: 2657: 2656: 2654: 2652: 2637: 2618: 2617: 2615: 2613: 2598: 2592: 2589:Valles Ruiz 2006 2586: 2580: 2579: 2577: 2575: 2552: 2546: 2540: 2527: 2526: 2524: 2522: 2507: 2501: 2498:Valles Ruiz 2006 2495: 2489: 2486:Valles Ruiz 2006 2483: 2477: 2476: 2474: 2472: 2457: 2448: 2447: 2445: 2443: 2432: 2426: 2420: 2414: 2413: 2411: 2409: 2398: 2392: 2391: 2389: 2387: 2372: 2366: 2365: 2363: 2361: 2346: 2340: 2339: 2337: 2335: 2323: 2317: 2311: 2305: 2304: 2284: 2278: 2277: 2275: 2273: 2264:. Archived from 2257: 2246: 2245: 2243: 2241: 2225: 2216: 2215: 2213: 2211: 2196: 2190: 2189: 2187: 2185: 2170: 2164: 2163: 2155: 2146: 2139: 2133: 2132: 2130: 2128: 2116:Evans, Michael. 2113: 2104: 2103: 2101: 2099: 2082: 2073: 2072: 2064: 2058: 2057: 2055: 2053: 2038: 2029: 2021: 2012: 2011: 2009: 2007: 1992: 1986: 1985: 1983: 1981: 1970: 1964: 1963: 1952: 1941: 1940: 1920: 1914: 1913: 1893: 1887: 1886: 1884: 1882: 1867: 1861: 1860: 1858: 1856: 1841: 1832: 1831: 1824: 1818: 1817: 1815: 1813: 1808:. 16 August 2022 1798: 1771: 1766: 1765: 1764: 1746: 1738:Order of Jamaica 1735: 1723: 1711: 1699: 1687: 1535: 1498: 1482:Rosa Luz Alegría 1396: 1390: 1351: 1343:Juan José Bremer 1270: 1198:(PCM) nominated 1132:Security Council 1028:and allowed the 1022:Salvador Allende 831: 601: 568:political theory 419:Augusto Pinochet 358: 353: 317:Rosa Luz Alegría 283: 281: 277: 273: 225: 208: 206: 190:Personal details 176: 166: 138: 117: 105: 96: 72: 58: 57: 21: 9017: 9016: 9012: 9011: 9010: 9008: 9007: 9006: 8907: 8906: 8905: 8900: 8877: 8868:Second Cold War 8826: 8754: 8748: 8724:Odd Arne Westad 8714:Patrick Vaughan 8699:Athan Theoharis 8679:Ellen Schrecker 8664:Yakov M. Rabkin 8639:Timothy Naftali 8584:Tvrtko Jakovina 8569:Jussi Hanhimäki 8452: 8430: 8420: 8398:Paix et Liberté 8373: 8317:Active measures 8298: 8228: 8209:White supremacy 8169:Totalitarianism 8097: 8022: 7945: 7931:Reagan Doctrine 7926:Carter Doctrine 7866:Truman Doctrine 7854: 7801: 7733: 7628:Soviet reaction 7539:Ndogboyosoi War 7446: 7417:Saur Revolution 7244:1973 oil crisis 7209:Munich massacre 7117:Alcora Exercise 7112:Black September 7090: 6836:Sino-Indian War 6730:Simba rebellion 6713: 6557:Capture of the 6465: 6404:Berlin Blockade 6337:May 1947 crises 6327:Truman Doctrine 6292:Greek Civil War 6281:Blacklist Forty 6248:Gouzenko Affair 6235:Cursed soldiers 6187:Morgenthau Plan 6175: 6113: 6108: 6078: 6073: 6054: 6035: 6019: 6005: 6000:Hugo B. Margáin 5980: 5964: 5948: 5929: 5925: 5920: 5895: 5892: 5862: 5857: 5827: 5823: 5818: 5798:Felipe Calderón 5788:Ernesto Zedillo 5768:Luis Echeverría 5738:Lázaro Cárdenas 5734: 5670:Pedro Lascuráin 5626: 5603: 5549:Mariano Paredes 5519:Miguel Barragán 5499:Melchor Múzquiz 5465: 5460: 5426: 5417: 5407: 5398: 5390: 5361: 5348: 5346: 5316: 5314: 5253: 5251: 5229:Current History 5212: 5210:Further reading 5202: 5181: 5160: 5144:Krauze, Enrique 5136: 5115: 5104: 5094: 5089: 5088: 5075: 5074: 5070: 5060: 5058: 5053: 5052: 5048: 5038: 5036: 5032: 5028: 5027: 5023: 5013: 5011: 5002: 5001: 4997: 4984: 4983: 4979: 4966: 4965: 4961: 4951: 4949: 4944: 4943: 4939: 4931: 4927: 4919: 4915: 4905: 4903: 4901: 4885: 4881: 4873: 4869: 4861: 4857: 4849: 4845: 4835: 4833: 4828: 4827: 4823: 4813: 4811: 4797: 4793: 4783: 4781: 4772: 4771: 4767: 4757: 4755: 4750: 4749: 4745: 4735: 4733: 4728: 4727: 4723: 4713: 4711: 4703: 4702: 4698: 4685: 4684: 4680: 4663: 4662: 4658: 4651:SDPnoticias.com 4645: 4644: 4640: 4630: 4628: 4615: 4614: 4610: 4600: 4598: 4591:"Rodolfo Landa" 4589: 4588: 4584: 4574: 4572: 4567: 4566: 4562: 4552: 4550: 4545: 4544: 4540: 4530: 4528: 4523: 4522: 4515: 4507: 4503: 4493: 4491: 4490:on 10 June 2023 4480: 4471: 4461: 4459: 4454: 4453: 4442: 4432: 4430: 4425: 4424: 4420: 4410: 4408: 4403: 4402: 4398: 4388: 4386: 4378: 4377: 4373: 4363: 4361: 4356: 4355: 4351: 4341: 4339: 4330: 4329: 4325: 4315: 4313: 4308: 4307: 4303: 4293: 4291: 4286: 4285: 4281: 4271: 4269: 4260: 4259: 4255: 4245: 4243: 4234: 4233: 4226: 4216: 4214: 4205: 4204: 4200: 4190: 4188: 4183: 4182: 4178: 4168: 4166: 4157: 4156: 4152: 4145:, 6 April 2006" 4139: 4138: 4134: 4124: 4122: 4117: 4116: 4112: 4102: 4100: 4096: 4089: 4085: 4084: 4080: 4065: 4058: 4051: 4041:Cambio de rumbo 4037: 4033: 4023: 4021: 4008: 4007: 4003: 3993: 3991: 3980:"NUEVA ZELANDA" 3978: 3977: 3973: 3964: 3955: 3944: 3940: 3933: 3919: 3915: 3905: 3903: 3898: 3897: 3893: 3886: 3876:Cambio de rumbo 3872: 3868: 3858: 3856: 3843: 3842: 3838: 3828: 3826: 3812:Current History 3804: 3800: 3785: 3781: 3772: 3768: 3759: 3755: 3746: 3742: 3733: 3729: 3715: 3711: 3696: 3692: 3682: 3680: 3671: 3670: 3663: 3653: 3651: 3640: 3639: 3632: 3622: 3620: 3613: 3597: 3590: 3579: 3565: 3561: 3551: 3549: 3540: 3539: 3535: 3524: 3520: 3512: 3508: 3497: 3493: 3482: 3475: 3465: 3463: 3462:on 14 July 2014 3452: 3448: 3441: 3425: 3421: 3414: 3400: 3396: 3389: 3385: 3375: 3373: 3366: 3357: 3347: 3345: 3340: 3339: 3335: 3325: 3323: 3312: 3311: 3307: 3298: 3287: 3277: 3275: 3264: 3263: 3252: 3241: 3237: 3227: 3225: 3223: 3207: 3203: 3193: 3191: 3187: 3183: 3182: 3178: 3166: 3157: 3147: 3145: 3132: 3131: 3127: 3117: 3115: 3111: 3107: 3106: 3102: 3095: 3081: 3074: 3066: 3062: 3054: 3050: 3040: 3038: 3034: 3033: 3029: 3019: 3017: 3002: 3001: 2997: 2987: 2985: 2980: 2979: 2975: 2967: 2963: 2959:by Teresa Healy 2955: 2951: 2943: 2939: 2930: 2929: 2925: 2915: 2913: 2904: 2903: 2899: 2889: 2887: 2878: 2877: 2873: 2863: 2861: 2859: 2843: 2839: 2831: 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1795: 1790: 1767: 1762: 1760: 1757: 1680: 1655:National Palace 1627:Lázaro Cárdenas 1595: 1565:Pedro Lascuráin 1557: 1538:Ernesto Zedillo 1529: 1492: 1459: 1412:for charges of 1370: 1345: 1309:Rubén Zuno Arce 1291:National Palace 1264: 1258: 1253: 1251:Post-presidency 1154: 1148: 1107: 1101: 1018:Hortensia Bussi 984:U.S. President 978: 952: 899: 893: 858: 825: 815: 785: 783:Economic issues 733: 731:Domestic policy 725: 720: 676: 670: 650: 644: 608: 595: 585: 580: 531:Echeverría met 502: 458:Lázaro Cárdenas 454:high oil prices 445:that condemned 415:Hortensia Bussi 351: 322: 285: 269: 265: 262: 236:Political party 227: 226:(aged 100) 223: 210: 209:17 January 1922 204: 202: 201: 200: 174: 164: 159: 139: 134: 115: 103: 97: 92: 75: 63: 62:Luis Echeverría 54: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9015: 9005: 9004: 8999: 8994: 8989: 8984: 8979: 8974: 8969: 8964: 8959: 8954: 8949: 8944: 8939: 8934: 8929: 8924: 8919: 8902: 8901: 8899: 8898: 8893: 8888: 8882: 8879: 8878: 8876: 8875: 8870: 8865: 8860: 8855: 8850: 8845: 8840: 8834: 8832: 8828: 8827: 8825: 8824: 8819: 8814: 8809: 8804: 8799: 8794: 8789: 8784: 8779: 8774: 8769: 8764: 8758: 8756: 8750: 8749: 8747: 8746: 8741: 8736: 8731: 8726: 8721: 8716: 8711: 8706: 8701: 8696: 8694:Timothy Snyder 8691: 8686: 8681: 8676: 8671: 8666: 8661: 8656: 8651: 8646: 8641: 8636: 8631: 8626: 8624:Vojtech Mastny 8621: 8619:Geir Lundestad 8616: 8611: 8609:Walter Laqueur 8606: 8604:Walter LaFeber 8601: 8596: 8591: 8586: 8581: 8576: 8571: 8566: 8561: 8556: 8551: 8546: 8541: 8536: 8534:André Fontaine 8531: 8526: 8521: 8516: 8511: 8506: 8501: 8496: 8491: 8486: 8481: 8476: 8471: 8466: 8464:Gar Alperovitz 8460: 8458: 8454: 8453: 8451: 8450: 8445: 8440: 8434: 8432: 8426: 8425: 8422: 8421: 8419: 8418: 8413: 8407: 8406: 8401: 8394: 8389: 8381: 8379: 8375: 8374: 8372: 8371: 8364: 8359: 8352: 8345: 8340: 8333: 8326: 8319: 8313: 8311: 8304: 8300: 8299: 8297: 8296: 8291: 8286: 8281: 8276: 8271: 8266: 8261: 8256: 8251: 8246: 8240: 8238: 8234: 8233: 8230: 8229: 8227: 8226: 8221: 8216: 8211: 8206: 8204:Third-Worldism 8201: 8196: 8191: 8186: 8181: 8176: 8171: 8166: 8161: 8156: 8151: 8146: 8141: 8136: 8131: 8126: 8121: 8116: 8111: 8105: 8103: 8099: 8098: 8096: 8095: 8090: 8085: 8080: 8075: 8070: 8063: 8058: 8053: 8048: 8043: 8038: 8032: 8030: 8024: 8023: 8021: 8020: 8015: 8010: 8005: 8000: 7995: 7993:Libertarianism 7990: 7985: 7984: 7983: 7973: 7971:Chicago school 7968: 7962: 7960: 7951: 7947: 7946: 7944: 7943: 7938: 7933: 7928: 7923: 7918: 7916:Nixon Doctrine 7913: 7908: 7903: 7898: 7893: 7888: 7883: 7878: 7873: 7868: 7862: 7860: 7859:Foreign policy 7856: 7855: 7853: 7852: 7847: 7842: 7837: 7832: 7827: 7822: 7817: 7811: 7809: 7803: 7802: 7800: 7799: 7794: 7793: 7792: 7782: 7777: 7772: 7767: 7762: 7757: 7752: 7747: 7741: 7739: 7735: 7734: 7732: 7731: 7726: 7721: 7716: 7711: 7706: 7701: 7696: 7691: 7686: 7681: 7676: 7671: 7666: 7661: 7656: 7651: 7646: 7644:Operation RYAN 7641: 7636: 7631: 7621: 7616: 7611: 7606: 7601: 7596: 7591: 7586: 7581: 7576: 7571: 7566: 7561: 7556: 7551: 7549:Able Archer 83 7546: 7541: 7536: 7531: 7526: 7521: 7516: 7511: 7506: 7501: 7496: 7495: 7494: 7484: 7479: 7474: 7465: 7460: 7454: 7452: 7448: 7447: 7445: 7444: 7439: 7434: 7429: 7424: 7419: 7414: 7409: 7404: 7399: 7394: 7389: 7384: 7379: 7374: 7369: 7364: 7359: 7354: 7346: 7341: 7336: 7331: 7326: 7321: 7316: 7311: 7306: 7301: 7299:Oromo conflict 7296: 7291: 7286: 7281: 7276: 7271: 7266: 7261: 7256: 7251: 7246: 7241: 7239:Yom Kippur War 7236: 7231: 7226: 7221: 7216: 7211: 7206: 7201: 7196: 7191: 7186: 7181: 7176: 7171: 7166: 7161: 7156: 7149: 7144: 7139: 7134: 7129: 7124: 7119: 7114: 7109: 7104: 7098: 7096: 7092: 7091: 7089: 7088: 7083: 7078: 7073: 7068: 7063: 7062: 7061: 7051: 7046: 7041: 7036: 7031: 7022: 7017: 7016: 7015: 7005: 7000: 6995: 6990: 6985: 6980: 6975: 6970: 6965: 6960: 6955: 6950: 6945: 6940: 6935: 6930: 6925: 6920: 6915: 6910: 6905: 6900: 6895: 6894: 6893: 6883: 6878: 6873: 6871:Aden Emergency 6868: 6863: 6858: 6853: 6848: 6843: 6838: 6833: 6828: 6823: 6822: 6821: 6816: 6811: 6801: 6796: 6791: 6789:Papua conflict 6786: 6781: 6776: 6771: 6770: 6769: 6759: 6758: 6757: 6747: 6742: 6737: 6732: 6727: 6721: 6719: 6715: 6714: 6712: 6711: 6706: 6705: 6704: 6694: 6692:Kitchen Debate 6689: 6684: 6679: 6674: 6669: 6664: 6659: 6654: 6652:Sputnik crisis 6649: 6644: 6636: 6629: 6624: 6622:Polish October 6619: 6614: 6609: 6602: 6597: 6592: 6587: 6582: 6577: 6572: 6567: 6562: 6554: 6549: 6544: 6539: 6534: 6529: 6524: 6522:Pact of Madrid 6519: 6514: 6509: 6504: 6499: 6494: 6489: 6484: 6479: 6477:Bamboo Curtain 6473: 6471: 6467: 6466: 6464: 6463: 6458: 6453: 6448: 6447: 6446: 6436: 6431: 6426: 6421: 6416: 6411: 6406: 6401: 6396: 6391: 6386: 6381: 6376: 6371: 6370: 6369: 6364: 6359: 6349: 6344: 6339: 6334: 6329: 6324: 6319: 6314: 6309: 6304: 6299: 6294: 6289: 6284: 6276: 6268: 6260: 6255: 6250: 6245: 6237: 6232: 6231: 6230: 6225: 6217: 6204: 6199: 6194: 6189: 6183: 6181: 6177: 6176: 6174: 6173: 6168: 6163: 6158: 6153: 6148: 6143: 6138: 6133: 6126: 6118: 6115: 6114: 6107: 6106: 6099: 6092: 6084: 6075: 6074: 6072: 6071: 6064: 6062: 6056: 6055: 6053: 6052: 6049: 6045: 6043: 6037: 6036: 6034: 6033: 6029: 6027: 6021: 6020: 6018: 6017: 6013: 6011: 6007: 6006: 6004: 6003: 5997: 5990: 5988: 5982: 5981: 5979: 5978: 5974: 5972: 5966: 5965: 5963: 5962: 5958: 5956: 5950: 5949: 5947: 5946: 5939: 5937: 5931: 5930: 5923: 5921: 5919: 5918: 5912: 5905: 5903: 5897: 5896: 5891: 5890: 5883: 5876: 5868: 5859: 5858: 5856: 5855: 5845: 5842:Vice president 5832: 5829: 5828: 5821: 5819: 5817: 5816: 5810: 5805: 5800: 5795: 5790: 5785: 5780: 5775: 5770: 5765: 5760: 5755: 5750: 5745: 5740: 5733: 5732: 5727: 5722: 5717: 5712: 5710:Álvaro Obregón 5707: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5652: 5647: 5645:Juan N. Méndez 5642: 5637: 5632: 5625: 5624: 5619: 5617:Miguel Miramón 5614: 5609: 5602: 5601: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5584:Martín Carrera 5581: 5576: 5571: 5569:Mariano Arista 5566: 5561: 5556: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5506: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5486: 5481: 5476: 5470: 5467: 5466: 5459: 5458: 5451: 5444: 5436: 5428: 5427: 5422: 5419: 5409: 5408: 5403: 5400: 5391: 5386: 5382: 5381: 5375: 5374: 5360: 5359:External links 5357: 5356: 5355: 5323: 5304:10.2307/165487 5283: 5276: 5260: 5220: 5211: 5208: 5207: 5206: 5200: 5185: 5179: 5164: 5158: 5140: 5134: 5119: 5113: 5093: 5090: 5087: 5086: 5068: 5046: 5021: 4995: 4977: 4959: 4937: 4925: 4913: 4899: 4879: 4867: 4855: 4843: 4821: 4791: 4765: 4743: 4721: 4696: 4678: 4656: 4638: 4608: 4582: 4560: 4538: 4513: 4501: 4469: 4440: 4418: 4396: 4371: 4349: 4323: 4301: 4279: 4253: 4242:. 17 June 1971 4224: 4213:. 24 July 2004 4198: 4176: 4150: 4132: 4110: 4078: 4056: 4049: 4031: 4001: 3971: 3953: 3938: 3931: 3913: 3891: 3884: 3866: 3836: 3798: 3779: 3766: 3753: 3740: 3727: 3709: 3690: 3679:. 11 June 1972 3661: 3630: 3611: 3588: 3577: 3559: 3533: 3518: 3506: 3491: 3473: 3446: 3439: 3419: 3413:978-1847671141 3412: 3394: 3383: 3355: 3344:. Record Eagle 3333: 3305: 3285: 3250: 3235: 3221: 3201: 3176: 3155: 3125: 3100: 3093: 3072: 3060: 3048: 3027: 3016:on 12 May 2013 2995: 2973: 2961: 2949: 2937: 2923: 2897: 2871: 2857: 2837: 2825: 2813: 2788: 2777:. 27 June 1970 2757: 2741: 2713: 2700: 2684: 2658: 2619: 2593: 2581: 2567: 2547: 2528: 2502: 2490: 2478: 2449: 2427: 2415: 2393: 2367: 2341: 2318: 2306: 2299: 2279: 2268:on 4 June 2008 2247: 2217: 2191: 2180:. 30 June 2006 2165: 2147: 2134: 2105: 2094:. 5 April 2007 2074: 2059: 2030: 2013: 1987: 1965: 1942: 1935: 1915: 1908: 1888: 1875:BBC News Mundo 1862: 1833: 1819: 1806:The TV Junkies 1792: 1791: 1789: 1786: 1785: 1784: 1779: 1773: 1772: 1756: 1753: 1752: 1751: 1740: 1729: 1717: 1705: 1693: 1679: 1676: 1635:Enrique Krauze 1594: 1591: 1556: 1553: 1519: 1518: 1515: 1512: 1506: 1503: 1500: 1487: 1484: 1458: 1455: 1369: 1366: 1362:Federal Police 1321:Carlos Salinas 1257: 1254: 1252: 1249: 1200:Valentín Campa 1186:(PPS) and the 1147: 1144: 1113:into becoming 1100: 1097: 1069:Colorado River 1009:Sandro Pertini 998:Third Worldism 994:tercermundismo 977: 976:Foreign policy 974: 951: 948: 947: 946: 934: 915:Genaro Vázquez 895:Main article: 892: 889: 857: 854: 846:1976 elections 814: 811: 784: 781: 732: 729: 724: 721: 719: 716: 669: 666: 643: 640: 636:1964 elections 614:Echeverría as 607: 604: 584: 581: 579: 576: 501: 498: 343: 342: 339: 338: 328: 324: 323: 321: 320: 314: 308: 301: 299: 295: 294: 291: 287: 286: 267: 263: 258: 257: 255: 251: 250: 247: 243: 242: 237: 233: 232: 220: 216: 215: 198: 196: 192: 191: 187: 186: 183: 182: 177: 171: 170: 167: 161: 160: 158: 157: 154: 148: 146: 142: 141: 131: 130: 124: 123: 118: 112: 111: 106: 100: 99: 89: 88: 81: 80: 77: 76: 73: 65: 64: 61: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9014: 9003: 9000: 8998: 8995: 8993: 8990: 8988: 8985: 8983: 8980: 8978: 8975: 8973: 8970: 8968: 8965: 8963: 8960: 8958: 8955: 8953: 8950: 8948: 8945: 8943: 8940: 8938: 8935: 8933: 8930: 8928: 8925: 8923: 8920: 8918: 8915: 8914: 8912: 8897: 8894: 8892: 8889: 8887: 8884: 8883: 8880: 8874: 8871: 8869: 8866: 8864: 8861: 8859: 8858:War on terror 8856: 8854: 8851: 8849: 8846: 8844: 8841: 8839: 8836: 8835: 8833: 8829: 8823: 8820: 8818: 8815: 8813: 8810: 8808: 8805: 8803: 8800: 8798: 8795: 8793: 8790: 8788: 8785: 8783: 8780: 8778: 8775: 8773: 8770: 8768: 8765: 8763: 8760: 8759: 8757: 8753:Espionage and 8751: 8745: 8742: 8740: 8737: 8735: 8732: 8730: 8727: 8725: 8722: 8720: 8717: 8715: 8712: 8710: 8707: 8705: 8704:Andrew Thorpe 8702: 8700: 8697: 8695: 8692: 8690: 8687: 8685: 8682: 8680: 8677: 8675: 8672: 8670: 8667: 8665: 8662: 8660: 8657: 8655: 8652: 8650: 8647: 8645: 8642: 8640: 8637: 8635: 8632: 8630: 8627: 8625: 8622: 8620: 8617: 8615: 8612: 8610: 8607: 8605: 8602: 8600: 8599:Gabriel Kolko 8597: 8595: 8592: 8590: 8587: 8585: 8582: 8580: 8577: 8575: 8572: 8570: 8567: 8565: 8564:Fred Halliday 8562: 8560: 8557: 8555: 8552: 8550: 8549:Lloyd Gardner 8547: 8545: 8542: 8540: 8537: 8535: 8532: 8530: 8527: 8525: 8522: 8520: 8517: 8515: 8512: 8510: 8509:Norman Davies 8507: 8505: 8502: 8500: 8497: 8495: 8494:John Costello 8492: 8490: 8487: 8485: 8482: 8480: 8477: 8475: 8472: 8470: 8467: 8465: 8462: 8461: 8459: 8455: 8449: 8446: 8444: 8441: 8439: 8436: 8435: 8433: 8429:Technological 8427: 8417: 8414: 8412: 8409: 8408: 8405: 8402: 8400: 8399: 8395: 8393: 8390: 8388: 8387: 8383: 8382: 8380: 8376: 8370: 8369: 8365: 8363: 8360: 8358: 8357: 8353: 8351: 8350: 8346: 8344: 8341: 8339: 8338: 8334: 8332: 8331: 8327: 8325: 8324: 8320: 8318: 8315: 8314: 8312: 8310:Pro-communist 8308: 8305: 8301: 8295: 8292: 8290: 8287: 8285: 8282: 8280: 8277: 8275: 8272: 8270: 8267: 8265: 8262: 8260: 8257: 8255: 8252: 8250: 8247: 8245: 8242: 8241: 8239: 8237:Organizations 8235: 8225: 8222: 8220: 8217: 8215: 8212: 8210: 8207: 8205: 8202: 8200: 8197: 8195: 8192: 8190: 8187: 8185: 8182: 8180: 8177: 8175: 8172: 8170: 8167: 8165: 8162: 8160: 8157: 8155: 8152: 8150: 8147: 8145: 8142: 8140: 8137: 8135: 8132: 8130: 8127: 8125: 8122: 8120: 8117: 8115: 8112: 8110: 8107: 8106: 8104: 8100: 8094: 8091: 8089: 8086: 8084: 8081: 8079: 8076: 8074: 8071: 8069: 8068: 8064: 8062: 8059: 8057: 8054: 8052: 8051:Eurocommunism 8049: 8047: 8044: 8042: 8039: 8037: 8034: 8033: 8031: 8029: 8025: 8019: 8016: 8014: 8011: 8009: 8006: 8004: 8001: 7999: 7996: 7994: 7991: 7989: 7986: 7982: 7979: 7978: 7977: 7974: 7972: 7969: 7967: 7964: 7963: 7961: 7959: 7955: 7952: 7948: 7942: 7939: 7937: 7934: 7932: 7929: 7927: 7924: 7922: 7919: 7917: 7914: 7912: 7909: 7907: 7904: 7902: 7899: 7897: 7894: 7892: 7889: 7887: 7884: 7882: 7881:Domino theory 7879: 7877: 7874: 7872: 7869: 7867: 7864: 7863: 7861: 7857: 7851: 7848: 7846: 7843: 7841: 7838: 7836: 7835:South Ossetia 7833: 7831: 7828: 7826: 7823: 7821: 7818: 7816: 7813: 7812: 7810: 7808: 7804: 7798: 7795: 7791: 7788: 7787: 7786: 7783: 7781: 7778: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7768: 7766: 7763: 7761: 7758: 7756: 7753: 7751: 7748: 7746: 7743: 7742: 7740: 7736: 7730: 7727: 7725: 7722: 7720: 7717: 7715: 7712: 7710: 7707: 7705: 7702: 7700: 7697: 7695: 7692: 7690: 7687: 7685: 7682: 7680: 7677: 7675: 7672: 7670: 7667: 7665: 7662: 7660: 7657: 7655: 7652: 7650: 7647: 7645: 7642: 7640: 7637: 7635: 7632: 7629: 7625: 7622: 7620: 7619:8888 Uprising 7617: 7615: 7612: 7610: 7607: 7605: 7602: 7600: 7597: 7595: 7592: 7590: 7587: 7585: 7582: 7580: 7577: 7575: 7572: 7570: 7567: 7565: 7564:Iran–Iraq War 7562: 7560: 7557: 7555: 7552: 7550: 7547: 7545: 7542: 7540: 7537: 7535: 7532: 7530: 7529:Falklands War 7527: 7525: 7522: 7520: 7517: 7515: 7512: 7510: 7507: 7505: 7502: 7500: 7497: 7493: 7490: 7489: 7488: 7485: 7483: 7480: 7478: 7475: 7473: 7469: 7466: 7464: 7461: 7459: 7456: 7455: 7453: 7449: 7443: 7440: 7438: 7435: 7433: 7430: 7428: 7425: 7423: 7420: 7418: 7415: 7413: 7410: 7408: 7405: 7403: 7400: 7398: 7395: 7393: 7392:NDF Rebellion 7390: 7388: 7385: 7383: 7380: 7378: 7375: 7373: 7372:German Autumn 7370: 7368: 7365: 7363: 7360: 7358: 7355: 7353: 7352: 7347: 7345: 7342: 7340: 7337: 7335: 7332: 7330: 7327: 7325: 7322: 7320: 7317: 7315: 7312: 7310: 7307: 7305: 7302: 7300: 7297: 7295: 7292: 7290: 7287: 7285: 7282: 7280: 7277: 7275: 7272: 7270: 7267: 7265: 7262: 7260: 7259:Metapolitefsi 7257: 7255: 7252: 7250: 7247: 7245: 7242: 7240: 7237: 7235: 7232: 7230: 7227: 7225: 7222: 7220: 7217: 7215: 7212: 7210: 7207: 7205: 7202: 7200: 7197: 7195: 7192: 7190: 7187: 7185: 7182: 7180: 7177: 7175: 7172: 7170: 7167: 7165: 7162: 7160: 7157: 7155: 7154: 7150: 7148: 7145: 7143: 7140: 7138: 7135: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7125: 7123: 7120: 7118: 7115: 7113: 7110: 7108: 7105: 7103: 7100: 7099: 7097: 7093: 7087: 7084: 7082: 7079: 7077: 7074: 7072: 7069: 7067: 7064: 7060: 7057: 7056: 7055: 7052: 7050: 7047: 7045: 7042: 7040: 7037: 7035: 7032: 7030: 7028: 7023: 7021: 7020:Prague Spring 7018: 7014: 7011: 7010: 7009: 7006: 7004: 7001: 6999: 6998:Al-Wadiah War 6996: 6994: 6991: 6989: 6986: 6984: 6981: 6979: 6976: 6974: 6971: 6969: 6966: 6964: 6963:12-3 incident 6961: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6951: 6949: 6946: 6944: 6941: 6939: 6936: 6934: 6931: 6929: 6926: 6924: 6921: 6919: 6916: 6914: 6911: 6909: 6906: 6904: 6901: 6899: 6896: 6892: 6889: 6888: 6887: 6884: 6882: 6879: 6877: 6874: 6872: 6869: 6867: 6864: 6862: 6859: 6857: 6854: 6852: 6849: 6847: 6844: 6842: 6839: 6837: 6834: 6832: 6829: 6827: 6824: 6820: 6817: 6815: 6812: 6810: 6807: 6806: 6805: 6802: 6800: 6797: 6795: 6792: 6790: 6787: 6785: 6782: 6780: 6777: 6775: 6772: 6768: 6765: 6764: 6763: 6760: 6756: 6753: 6752: 6751: 6748: 6746: 6743: 6741: 6738: 6736: 6733: 6731: 6728: 6726: 6723: 6722: 6720: 6716: 6710: 6707: 6703: 6700: 6699: 6698: 6695: 6693: 6690: 6688: 6685: 6683: 6680: 6678: 6675: 6673: 6670: 6668: 6665: 6663: 6660: 6658: 6655: 6653: 6650: 6648: 6645: 6643: 6642: 6637: 6634: 6630: 6628: 6625: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6610: 6607: 6603: 6601: 6598: 6596: 6593: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6583: 6581: 6578: 6576: 6573: 6571: 6568: 6566: 6563: 6561: 6560: 6555: 6553: 6550: 6548: 6545: 6543: 6542:Domino theory 6540: 6538: 6537:Petrov Affair 6535: 6533: 6530: 6528: 6525: 6523: 6520: 6518: 6515: 6513: 6510: 6508: 6505: 6503: 6500: 6498: 6495: 6493: 6490: 6488: 6485: 6483: 6480: 6478: 6475: 6474: 6472: 6468: 6462: 6459: 6457: 6454: 6452: 6449: 6445: 6442: 6441: 6440: 6437: 6435: 6432: 6430: 6427: 6425: 6422: 6420: 6417: 6415: 6414:Madiun Affair 6412: 6410: 6407: 6405: 6402: 6400: 6397: 6395: 6392: 6390: 6387: 6385: 6382: 6380: 6377: 6375: 6374:Marshall Plan 6372: 6368: 6365: 6363: 6360: 6358: 6355: 6354: 6353: 6350: 6348: 6345: 6343: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6325: 6323: 6320: 6318: 6315: 6313: 6310: 6308: 6305: 6303: 6300: 6298: 6295: 6293: 6290: 6288: 6285: 6283: 6282: 6277: 6275: 6274: 6269: 6267: 6266: 6261: 6259: 6256: 6254: 6251: 6249: 6246: 6244: 6243: 6238: 6236: 6233: 6229: 6226: 6224: 6223: 6218: 6216: 6215: 6210: 6209: 6208: 6205: 6203: 6200: 6198: 6195: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6185: 6184: 6182: 6178: 6172: 6169: 6167: 6164: 6162: 6159: 6157: 6154: 6152: 6149: 6147: 6144: 6142: 6139: 6137: 6134: 6132: 6131: 6127: 6125: 6124: 6123:United States 6120: 6119: 6116: 6112: 6105: 6100: 6098: 6093: 6091: 6086: 6085: 6082: 6069: 6068:Agustín Yáñez 6066: 6065: 6063: 6061: 6057: 6050: 6047: 6046: 6044: 6042: 6038: 6031: 6030: 6028: 6026: 6022: 6015: 6014: 6012: 6008: 6001: 5998: 5995: 5992: 5991: 5989: 5987: 5983: 5976: 5975: 5973: 5971: 5967: 5960: 5959: 5957: 5955: 5951: 5944: 5941: 5940: 5938: 5936: 5932: 5916: 5913: 5910: 5907: 5906: 5904: 5902: 5898: 5889: 5884: 5882: 5877: 5875: 5870: 5869: 5866: 5853: 5849: 5846: 5843: 5839: 5838: 5834: 5833: 5830: 5814: 5811: 5809: 5806: 5804: 5801: 5799: 5796: 5794: 5791: 5789: 5786: 5784: 5781: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5761: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5741: 5739: 5736: 5735: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5650:Porfirio Díaz 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5630:Benito Juárez 5628: 5627: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5610: 5608: 5605: 5604: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5562: 5560: 5557: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5529:Nicolás Bravo 5527: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5510: 5507: 5505: 5502: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5492: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5480: 5477: 5475: 5472: 5471: 5468: 5464: 5457: 5452: 5450: 5445: 5443: 5438: 5437: 5434: 5425: 5416: 5415: 5410: 5406: 5397: 5396: 5389: 5383: 5378: 5372: 5367: 5363: 5362: 5345: 5341: 5337: 5333: 5329: 5324: 5313: 5309: 5305: 5301: 5297: 5293: 5289: 5284: 5281: 5277: 5275: 5274:1-56584-616-8 5271: 5267: 5264: 5261: 5250: 5246: 5242: 5238: 5234: 5230: 5226: 5221: 5218: 5214: 5213: 5203: 5197: 5193: 5192: 5186: 5182: 5180:9780761474029 5176: 5172: 5171: 5165: 5161: 5159:970-663-057-0 5155: 5151: 5150: 5145: 5141: 5137: 5135:9780816550135 5131: 5127: 5126: 5120: 5116: 5110: 5103: 5102: 5096: 5095: 5082: 5078: 5072: 5056: 5050: 5031: 5025: 5009: 5005: 4999: 4991: 4987: 4981: 4973: 4969: 4963: 4947: 4941: 4935:, p. 105 4934: 4929: 4922: 4917: 4902: 4900:9786073156905 4896: 4892: 4891: 4883: 4876: 4871: 4865:, p. vii 4864: 4859: 4852: 4847: 4831: 4825: 4810: 4809: 4803: 4795: 4779: 4775: 4769: 4753: 4747: 4731: 4725: 4710: 4706: 4700: 4692: 4688: 4682: 4674: 4670: 4669:www.chron.com 4666: 4660: 4652: 4648: 4642: 4626: 4622: 4618: 4612: 4596: 4592: 4586: 4570: 4564: 4548: 4542: 4526: 4520: 4518: 4510: 4505: 4489: 4485: 4478: 4476: 4474: 4457: 4451: 4449: 4447: 4445: 4428: 4422: 4406: 4400: 4385: 4381: 4375: 4359: 4353: 4337: 4333: 4327: 4311: 4305: 4289: 4283: 4268:. 6 July 2006 4267: 4263: 4257: 4241: 4237: 4231: 4229: 4212: 4208: 4202: 4186: 4180: 4164: 4160: 4154: 4146: 4144: 4136: 4120: 4114: 4095: 4088: 4082: 4074: 4070: 4063: 4061: 4052: 4050:968-16-7209-7 4046: 4042: 4035: 4019: 4015: 4011: 4005: 3989: 3985: 3981: 3975: 3968: 3962: 3960: 3958: 3949: 3942: 3934: 3932:968-856-128-2 3928: 3924: 3917: 3901: 3895: 3887: 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