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In 1851 Norcross was among two dozen founders of the
Atlanta National Bank. These men believed a growing town needed its own bank. But the first charter Bank of Atlanta was unsuccessful. Given regional economic instability, there had been a bank "run" in 1845; after another occurred in October 1855,
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won. The mayoral term was only one year, and two more Rowdy candidates were elected before
Norcross ran again in 1850, representing the Moral Party against Leonard C. Simpson, an attorney and candidate for the Free and Rowdy Party. Norcross won as a "temperance man who hated civic disturbances"; he
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was on board and a great many others. There were a great many people out, and there was a good deal of excitement. There was a well in the square here, and such was the excitement, and it being dark, a man fell into the well and was drowned. Judge King came very near falling in there, also. It was
170:). His younger siblings include: Livonia (b. January 1810), brother Jesse (b. June 3, 1812), Nancy Gaubert (b. March 2, 1816), who married Moses M. Swan of Augusta, Maine; Maria (b. February 1818), and Louisa Norcross (b. October 1823). After the death of Nancy, his second wife was Mary Ann Hill.
564:, also an area for lumber, as well as textile mills that became increasingly important to the economy. There Norcross was known as "The Lumber King" of Lowell. His daughter Caroline married Charles Wesley Saunders, who also became known in the local lumber industry and in politics.
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In 1845 the railroad terminus of
Marthasville was renamed as Atlanta (it was chartered in December 1847). Norcross commented that many decisions were made in haste: "he reason why the streets are so crooked is that every man built on his land just to suit himself."
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Norcross in April 1845 had married the widow
Harriet N. (from Montgomery, Alabama, born in Blount Co., Tennessee). She died in August 1876. They had a son together, Virgil C. Norcross, who became a clergyman and pastor of the First Baptist Church
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As a businessman, Norcross supported railroad construction to link
Atlanta to other cities and coastal ports. "he key issue before inland cities like Atlanta was transportation, and the railroad was the key to commercial prosperity."
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in August 1843. From these efforts, he developed a vertical saw with a circular wheel 40 feet in diameter. It could be adjusted in an almost horizontal position, with a capacity to saw approximately 1,000 feet of lumber per day.
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joined the list of adversaries supporting a different route (Georgia
Western Railway). By 1860 both rail ventures were dead. New railroad construction did not take place until after the Civil War.
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from the
Southeast by United States military forces to Indian Territory west of the Mississippi River. Norcross lived first in Augusta, then settled in the area that developed as Atlanta.
263:. Dominated by railway workers and their tastes, it was considered a center of vice: brothels, saloons, and gambling. This area was cleared in 1902 by disguised paramilitary known as
722:
United States Patent Office. Specification of
Letters Patent No. 3210, dated August 4, 1843. "Reciprocating Mill-Saw Guide. Jonathan Norcross, of Putnam Co., Georgia.
747:
Memoirs of
Georgia: Containing Historical Accounts of the State's Civil, Military, Industrial and Professional Interests, and Personal Sketches of Many of Its People
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Norcross unsuccessfully ran for mayor in 1848, in the town's first election, when fewer than 225 white men voted (women and free blacks did not have the franchise).
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505:
The
Anarchical and Revolutionary Character of a Democratic Party: A Supplement to "Democracy Considered as a Party Name, and as a Political Organization."
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the director closed this bank. On March 6, 1856, Norcross and others incorporated the Bank of Fulton; this second bank of Atlanta had greater success.
216:. (There were essentially no public schools in the South in the antebellum years.) He moved to Georgia in 1835, in the period of new development after
243:. He became a sawmill operator and dry goods merchant. His sawmill mostly produced railroad ties and string timbers for construction of the railroad.
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dark, and he was just on the brink of stepping in when someone caught him and saved him. I suppose there were about twenty families here at the time.
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Nicholas G. Norcross, the older brother of Norcross, was born December 25, 1805, also in Orono, Maine. He married Sophronia Pratt and moved to
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I recalled very well the first train of cars over the Georgia Railroad. It was on the 15th of September, 1845. The train came in about dark.
162:, Jonathan Norcross was the second son of clergyman Jesse Norcross, a Baptist minister from Penobscot, and his wife Nancy (nÊe Gaubert) from
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Norcross opposed the state's vote for secession in 1861. In 1865, then aged in his late 50s, he was one of the Committee of Citizens (with
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1506:
453:, with a combination of fraud and violence. White conservative Democrats took back control of the state legislature and governorship.
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142:, serving the customary term at the time of one year. Dubbed the "Father of Atlanta" and "hard fighter of everything" by publisher
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Norcross's political platform suggested that the Moral Party could be viewed as "American statesmen defend their principles of '
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811:
482:
711:
Historic Homes and Places and Genealogical and Personal Memoirs Relating to the Families of Middlesex County, Massachusetts.
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presented a choice between civilian law and order and the bellicose Rowdies. The 40 drinking establishments and thriving
926:
History of Atlanta, Georgia: With Illustrations and Biographical Sketches of Some of Its Most Prominent Men and Pioneers
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History of Atlanta, Georgia: With Illustrations and Biographical Sketches of Some of Its Most Prominent Men and Pioneers
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offended the mores of evangelicals and they believed this contributed to problems for families in the railroad town.
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did not approve the project, largely because of intense lobbying from the competing Georgia Western Railroad and
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27 (1987): 325 - 38; Daniel howe, "Classical Education and Political Culture in Nineteenth Century America."
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Poor workers and settlers used the leavings of the mill as timbers for shanties; this area became known as
894:
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On September 4, 1877, the widower Jonathan Norcross married again, to Mary Ann Hill, in Fulton, Georgia.
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In the late nineteenth century, beginning in 1865, Norcross began to publish some essays about politics:
695:
Historical Homes and Institutions and Genealogical and Personal Memoirs of Worcester, Co. Massachusetts.
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mayor of Atlanta, Norcross died at his home in Atlanta on December 18, 1898, at age 90. He is buried in
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Norcross described the excitement attendant to the arrival of the first trains at the station in 1845:
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In 1836, he took charge of lumber interests in southern Georgia for Northern capitalists. While in
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Their paternal immigrant ancestor was Jeremiah Norcross from England, who settled in Watertown,
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895:"The Republicans of Georgia; Speech of Hon. Jonathan Norcross, the Candidate for Governor"
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of that town in 1652. The branches of the family became established early in New England.
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134:(April 18, 1808 – December 18, 1898) was elected in 1850 as the fourth Mayor of
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The History of Democracy: Considered as a Party Name and as a Political Organization
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In August 1844, Norcross settled in Marthasville, Georgia, then the terminus of the
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1298:
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859:
New Men, New Cities, New South: Atlanta, Nashville, Charleston, Mobile, 1860 - 1910
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Democracy Examined: Or, a Conversation Between a Republican and a Moderate Democrat
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Atlanta and Its Builders: A Comprehensive History of the Gate City of the South
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521:. James' Chapel). He married Lydia F. Howes on May 19, 1875, in Bibb, Georgia.
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Chief of Police and Superintendent of Atlanta's Streets. He intended to use
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Atlanta and Environs: A Chronicle of Its People and Events, 1820s-1870s
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Common-Sense: Views of State Sovereignty versus United States Supremacy
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in 1638. The immigrant owned land in Cambridge before 1642, and was a
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to persuade the Rowdies to move a mile south-west to "Snake Nation".
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The American Almanac and Repository of Useful Knowledge for the Year
876:. Vol. II. James T. White & Company. 1921. pp. 357â358
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Norcross left Pennsylvania in 1833 to teach school at an academy in
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What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815 - 1848
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204:, Pennsylvania, Norcross principally studied arts and sciences.
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New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Co., 1907, pp. 376, 391.
608:"Franklin Garrett Necrology Database - Atlanta History Center"
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in Atlanta, in a marked grave, Section 10, Block 140, Lot 3.
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Norcross attended common schools and was taught the trade of
929:. Syracuse, New York: D. Mason & Co., pub. 1889, p. 110
844:(Cambridge, Mass., 1994), as cited in Howe, Daniel Walker.
639:. Syracuse, New York: D. Mason & Co., 1889, pp. 106â110
189:
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New York: Lewis Historical Pub. Co., 1908, Vol. 1, p. 345.
665:"Jonathan Norcross, Pioneer of This City, Died Last Night"
861:. University of North Carolina Press, 1990, pp. 144â145.
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On April 3, 1856, Norcross was among 16 founders of the
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Genealogical and Family History of the State of Maine
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749:. Pub. Southern Historical Association Press, 1975.
153:
951:
626:. Century Memorial Pub. Co., 1902, Vol. 2, p. 688.
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848:. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007, p. 462.
456:Norcross made an impassioned speech, from which
382:to carry freight between New York, Atlanta, and
942:. Pub. Atlanta Historical Society, 1972, p. 80.
775:Pioneer Citizens' History of Atlanta, 1833â1902
507:Atlanta: Pub. Jas. P. Harrison & Co., 1865.
196:. While attending lectures in mechanics at the
1517:Temperance activists from Georgia (U.S. state)
955:Georgia Place-Names: Their History and Origins
873:The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography
587:The Historic Oakland Cemetery: Speaking Stones
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806:. University of Georgia Press. p. 279.
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146:, he followed three mayors elected from the
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961:. Macon, GA: Winship Press. p. 160.
790:New York: St. Martin's Press, 1973, p.40.
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993:This article incorporates text from the
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493:. The Atlantic Republican, Print, 1876.
331:As mayor, Norcross served also as both
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840:5 (Spring 1983): 9 -14; Carl Richard,
832:Jack Lane, "The Yale Report of 1828,"
773:Pioneer Citizens' Society of Atlanta.
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398:commitment from the city of Atlanta,
267:. The site was later redeveloped for
1512:19th-century American businesspeople
303:. It was destroyed by fire in 1902.
777:. Atlanta: Bryd Printing Co., 1902.
654:
527:
231:, he filed a patent, US 3210 for a
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362:Faltering prewar railroad industry
14:
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1507:19th-century American politicians
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745:Southern Historical Association.
498:The Conflict of Labor and Capital
291:Norcross owned the 1894 landmark
1522:Georgia (U.S. state) Republicans
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278:In 1849 Norcross co-founded the
154:Early life, family and education
986:. Gray and Bowen, 1861, p. 396.
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838:Intellectual History Newsletter
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16:American politician (1808-1898)
834:History of Education Quarterly
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478:. New York: G. P. Press, 1883.
414:) who surrendered the town to
192:, where he helped construct a
1:
842:The Founders and the Classics
800:Garrett, Franklin M. (2011).
430:In 1876, near the end of the
346:', with arguments drawn from
938:Atlanta Historical Society.
567:
486:. Pub. J. P. Harrison, 1880.
233:Reciprocating Mill-Saw Guide
188:. As a young man he went to
7:
952:Krakow, Kenneth K. (1975).
940:Atlanta Historical Bulletin
788:The Siege of Atlanta, 1864.
683:– via Newspapers.com.
544:, a city in the suburbs of
158:Born on April 18, 1808, in
109:December 18, 1898 (aged 90)
10:
1538:
1014:, Roadside Georgia website
923:Reed, Wallace Putnam, ed.
673:. 1898-12-19. pp. 1,
635:Reed, Wallace Putnam, ed.
394:. After Norcross gained a
392:Central of Georgia Railway
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883:– via Google Books.
822:– via Google Books.
709:Cutter, William Richard.
552:Nicholas Gaubert Norcross
548:, is named in his honor.
194:mill for processing sugar
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1502:People from Orono, Maine
1033:Party political offices
1012:Early history of Atlanta
999:Atlanta And Its Builders
670:The Atlanta Constitution
651:. 1909, Vol. 3, p. 1380.
388:Georgia General Assembly
307:Political and civic life
175:Massachusetts Bay Colony
906:. 1876-08-28. p. 8
693:Crane, Ellen Bicknell.
500:. New Era Print, 1870.
406:Secession and Civil War
344:classical republicanism
269:Grady Memorial Hospital
434:, Norcross ran as the
426:Candidate for governor
257:
229:Putnam County, Georgia
208:1833 move to the South
168:see last section below
1027:at Wikimedia Commons
857:Doyle, Dan Harrison.
584:Kaemmerlen, Cathy J.
562:Lowell, Massachusetts
442:. He was defeated by
248:
222:Five Civilized Tribes
462:printed an excerpt.
317:Free and Rowdy Party
148:Free and Rowdy Party
1050:Governor of Georgia
1001:by Thomas H. Martin
594:, October 29, 2007.
532:The last surviving
512:Marriage and family
440:Governor of Georgia
281:Daily Intelligencer
1061:Title next held by
903:The New York Times
620:Martin, Thomas H.
592:Arcadia Publishing
459:The New York Times
447:Alfred H. Colquitt
432:Reconstruction era
322:red light district
198:Franklin Institute
1487:Mayors of Atlanta
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1129:Mayors of Atlanta
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1087:Succeeded by
1025:Jonathan Norcross
1023:Media related to
813:978-0-8203-3903-0
542:Norcross, Georgia
313:Moses W. Formwalt
293:Norcross Building
132:Jonathan Norcross
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74:Succeeded by
67:Willis Buell
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1497:1898 deaths
1492:1808 births
384:New Orleans
297:Five Points
284:newspaper.
121:Moral Party
62:Preceded by
1481:Categories
1401:Hartsfield
1384:Hartsfield
1294:J.T. Glenn
1219:J. Calhoun
1046:Republican
997:1902 book
910:2021-05-11
880:2021-05-11
819:2021-05-11
680:2021-05-11
534:antebellum
436:Republican
265:White Caps
252:Judge King
186:millwright
1040:D. Walker
568:Footnotes
376:Carolinas
348:Aristotle
56:1851â1852
52:In office
1456:—
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1431:Campbell
1374:Ragsdale
1354:Woodward
1334:Woodward
1319:Woodward
1299:Hemphill
1224:Williams
1207:Whitaker
1197:L. Glenn
1155:Norcross
1140:Formwalt
451:freedmen
444:Democrat
418:General
380:Virginia
326:Slabtown
261:Slabtown
1451:Dickens
1446:Bottoms
1426:Jackson
1416:Jackson
1411:Massell
1359:Candler
1324:L. Mims
1314:Collier
1304:Goodwin
1284:Hillyer
1279:Goodwin
1274:English
1259:Hammock
1254:Spencer
1249:Hammock
1239:Hammond
1186:J. Glen
1170:Markham
1165:J. Mims
546:Atlanta
352:Publius
333:de jure
315:of the
220:of the
179:freeman
140:Georgia
136:Atlanta
1389:LeCraw
1344:Maddox
1339:Joyner
1329:Howell
1289:Cooper
1264:Angier
1234:Ezzard
1229:Hulsey
1202:Ezzard
1192:Ezzard
1180:Nelson
1058:Vacant
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386:. The
356:Cicero
354:, and
1421:Young
1406:Allen
1244:James
1160:Gibbs
1150:Buell
1145:Bomar
1054:1876
959:(PDF)
898:(PDF)
416:Union
1441:Reed
1395:Lyle
1369:Sims
1349:Winn
1309:King
1213:Lowe
1175:Butt
963:ISBN
808:ISBN
519:orig
396:bond
378:and
190:Cuba
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94:Born
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