442:. By subtracting the number of the city's Irish immigrants from its total population, he argued that Boston's mortality rate had not necessarily increased from the preceding years, nor was it decidedly different from that of small towns. What differentiated Boston from these small towns, Bigelow wrote, was "its throng of disabled mariners, destitute strangers, and reckless and dissolute persons from every clime." He asserted that the city had all of the necessary resources—clean water, proper sanitation, and an aggressive police force—to combat the causes that had led to the cholera outbreak. He predicted that Boston would not suffer nearly as badly as other major American cities.
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414:"society should not be expected to furnish costly accommodations for those who set its authority at naught." Constructing a new facility should not be "with reference to show." He further contended that a new jail should "never be other than a melancholy monument of the infirmities of our race, and it is not wise to whiten, or garnish, the sculpture of shame." Despite these protestations over the construction of the new correctional facility, during his three years as mayor, Bigelow would oversee the development of the city's new jail at a cost of $ 450,000.
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charge of the state militia, "Now therefore, I command you that you cause one or more companies of your
Regiment armed and equipped with ammunition, as the law directs, and with proper officers either attached to the troops or detailed by you to parade at said Boston on this and every subsequent day and night until further orders from me at Faneuil Hall." After being incarcerated for several days, Simms was escorted by more than 100 police officers to a boat in Boston harbor and returned to his master.
565:, who hailed from Massachusetts, was particularly embarrassed by the event. In a March 10, 1851, letter to Bigelow, Webster excoriated the mayor's handling of the crisis and demanded that the mayor's office and the citizens of Boston be "ready to discharge the duties incumbent upon them, by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, faithfully and fearlessly, under all circumstances, whenever called upon by the proper authorities."
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once remarked, "Foreign paupers are rapidly accumulating on our hands." He told sympathetic taxpayers that large numbers of Irish immigrants were "aged, blind, paralytic, and lunatic immigrants who have become charges on our public charities." He further complained that they were living in "filth and wretchedness" and "foul and confined apartments."
451:, published an article which highlighted the mayor's actions to remove the infirm to hospitals and educate those who lived in the vicinities of the outbreak about its prevention. As a result of Bigelow's leadership, the article concluded that he was entitled "to the respect and gratitude of our citizens." He had become "a model mayor."
421:. Bigelow pledged to scrutinize the department and provide oversight of its operations. However, instead of casting blame for the city's crime on the police department's tactics, or the lack thereof, he faulted immigrants and "the intemperate use of intoxicating liquors." He went on to call the city's rampant alcoholism an "evil."
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city, providing water to over 5,000 houses and businesses. The total cost of this great water project, he projected, would amount $ 3.8 million. By the end of his administration, every section of the city was supplied with pure water. The entire cost of the water works project actually amounted to $ 4,321,000.
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Anti-Irish forces had a powerful spokesman in Mayor
Bigelow, who argued that the invasion of immigrants to Boston was causing the city's widespread drunkenness and violence. He claimed that sympathetic judges were not handing down tougher sentences, charging that the Irish had easy access to pardons
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Bigelow's seemingly successful efforts in combating the city's cholera epidemic had enhanced his political profile, which led some of his supporters to nominate him to be his party's candidate for governor. Most party insiders, including the incumbent governor's supporters, were not amused. Bigelow
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Bigelow also expressed dismay at the proposed expenditure of more than $ 150,000 to build a new jail. He argued that the city's one jail should be expanded. He did not want to give the impression that he was spending taxpayer dollars to enhance the lifestyle of the city's criminals. He argued that
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to hold a reception at
Faneuil Hall, his permit was denied. Mayor Bigelow and members of the Board all feared that a disturbance similar to the one that had erupted the year prior would occur. A political backlash quickly brewed. To resolve matters, Bigelow formally sent a committee to Webster to
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To combat this problem, the mayor focused on several high-profile public works projects that he claimed would save the city's taxpayers money and stem the outgoing flow of the rich. While calling education "the true oasis of our institutions, and the real secret of New
England progress and power,"
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The mayor and the citizens of Boston would be tested once again only a few months later. In April 1851, another fugitive slave, Thomas Simms, was captured by authorities in a hotel where he was working as a waiter. This time, Mayor
Bigelow acted promptly and forcefully, writing to the colonel in
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wrote several scathing editorials, blasting
Bigelow's decision to cave in to the wishes of the president, his secretary of state, and the slave-holding politicians of the south. In one article, the newspaper wrote, "they plump themselves down upon their knees . . . explain 'Great is Fillmore, and
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characterizes the city of Boston during this time period as being in "trouble," and Mayor
Bigelow as being "much given to jeremiads about the decay of morals and collapsing of good order occasioned by the new unwashed in his city". In response to the increasing Irish immigrant population, Bigelow
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swept across the city at an alarming rate. It 1849 alone, it killed over 5,000 people out of a population of 130,000, or approximately 4 percent of the city's citizens. In response to the epidemic, the mayor blamed the deaths on "palpable indiscretions in diet, or intemperance." He also claimed
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epidemic of 1849, a group of citizens proposed to raise funds to purchase a silver vase. Bigelow declined their gift, and instead asked that the cost of the vase, which was valued at over $ 1,000, be contributed to a fund for the library. In that year he also accepted a donation of books to the
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The incoming mayor reassured his citizens that the city was stable. One of the prime improvements the city had made in recent years had been the construction of underground water pipes. At the time of his inauguration, the mayor estimated that about 60 miles of pipe had been laid underneath the
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In the last year of his administration, the mayor referred to the proposed library in his address to the city. He informed members of the City
Council and Boston's citizens, "I commend the subject to your favorable consideration, and trust that an appropriation will be made, worthy of a project
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That the Mayor of Boston would be hostile to the freedom and liberty of a slave seems contradictory to understanding the history of relations between the North and the South in ante-bellum
America. However, "the year 1851 still found the bulk of Boston respectability solidly arrayed against the
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consider not what we would like, but what we can afford!" Mayor
Bigelow was alarmed by the city's high rate of taxation, which had been made necessary by its multiple public works projects. As a result, the wealthy often fled the city during the annual tax period, so as to not pay their taxes.
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Shadrach's escape was a political embarrassment to Mayor Bigelow. The U.S. Marshall had accused both the mayor and City Marshal Tukey of refusing his request for additional police officers to guard the courthouse, where Shadrach was detained. Bigelow was forced to defend himself against these
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While Bostonians had previously accepted new immigrants with open arms, particularly during the first influx of Irish in the 1820s, by the late 1840s and early '50s they had come to detest the "Famine Irish." In 1847 alone, more 37,000 new immigrants arrived in the city, most of whom came from
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In his inaugural address, Bigelow made clear that he intended to run the city's finances as a fiscal conservative. He proclaimed, "Cut off every expense which is not absolutely necessary for the honor and interests of Boston. Commence no expensive projects, however alluring or desirable. . .
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personally invite him to speak at Faneuil Hall. Webster promptly declined the invitation, arguing that it was no longer convenient for him to attend. In that year's elections, Bigelow was defeated, no doubt because of his handling of the Shadrach Affair and his public rebuke of Webster.
654:, in accepting Bigelow's resignation, said that Bigelow "had ever been an ardent friend of the Library" and expressed "great regret that his feeble health demanded the severance of the tie which had for so long a time connected him with this and other branches of the City Government."
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published a note on September 11, 1850, stating that he had not been informed of his supporters' efforts and that he would not place his name into nomination, regardless of whether or not the incumbent placed his. Instead, he offered his full-fledged support to his party's nominee.
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During his three years as mayor, the City of Boston underwent significant structural changes, while simultaneously combating rising crime and an influx of Irish immigrants. Most significantly, by the end of his tenure, he would have laid the foundation for the construction of the
486:. Now that they had come to America's shores—and to the City of Boston particularly—Bostonians were incensed. Their reactions could be violent and inflammatory. The "Boston Daily Advertiser" wrote, "The increase in foreign-born pauperism in our midst is an evil."
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he also dismissed the city's recent expenditure of tens of thousands of dollars on the building of new schools. Instead, he argued that the city's current school buildings, which he called "magnificent structures of the present period," should remain in use.
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The uproar resulting from Shadrach's escape was intense. In response to the outrage, Fillmore issued a proclamation that the citizens of Boston, including the mayor, obey the law and aid in the recapturing of Shadrach. Secretary of State
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because their supporters included the city's influential, lenient, and more charitable members. Mayor Bigelow suggested that the city's powerful elites were siding with the Irish criminals over the innocent citizens of Boston.
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accusations. He claimed that the U.S. Marshall had not requested security and that he, the mayor, had actually requested that Tukey send additional police to the courthouse in order to prevent disorder and chaos.
610:. When protesters interrupted the meeting by cheering for Webster, the police, acting under instructions from the mayor, did nothing to stop the disturbance. The incident became known as the Bigelow-Tukey Riot.
545:, had escaped into Boston, where he came to reside and earn a living as a waiter. In February 1851, federal marshals arrested Shadrach. However, a group of 100–200 local blacks, most of whom were members of the
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library, saying, "They are treasured not only as the gift of an illustrious people, but as the basis and no insignificant portion of a free municipal library, which we are taking active measures to establish."
634:, the first publicly funded municipal building in the United States. The initial money donated to support the library was called the "Bigelow Fund." To honor the mayor for his services to the city during the
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was particularly suspicious of the allegation that on the night of Parkman's disappearance, an Irishman had paid for a one cent toll with a twenty dollar bill. As it turned out, another prominent Bostonian,
347:, graduating in 1815. On March 9, 1824, he married Louisa Ann Brown, and the following year their son, Prescott, was born. However, he died at a young age, and, in 1847, Louisa Ann Brown also died.
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To fully appreciate the rapid transformation which Boston underwent in the mid-nineteenth century and to rightfully evaluate Bigelow's performance as mayor, it is important to emphasize how the
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Another famous case that occurred during Bigelow's tenure as mayor was the Shadrach Affair, which ignited a political and cultural firestorm of controversy, primarily because it involved the
363:, serving in the State House until 1836, where he was a prominent member on several committees. He notably championed several causes, including reducing the total number of members of the
786:
A Catalogue of the City Councils of Boston, 1822-1908, Roxbury, 1846-1867, Charlestown 1847-1873 and of The Selectmen of Boston, 1634-1822 also of Various Other Town and Municipal officers
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A Catalogue of the City Councils of Boston, 1822-1908, Roxbury, 1846-1867, Charlestown 1847-1873 and of The Selectmen of Boston, 1634-1822 also of Various Other Town and Municipal officers
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A Catalogue of the City Councils of Boston, 1822-1908, Roxbury, 1846-1867, Charlestown 1847-1873 and of The Selectmen of Boston, 1634-1822 also of Various Other Town and Municipal officers
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on a daily basis came were euphemistically dubbed "coffin ships." The perception was that these Irish immigrants were weak and poor, starved and miserable, disease-ridden and confused.
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In his inaugural address, Bigelow also briefed his citizens on the city's increasing crime rate and its seemingly dysfunctional police department, headed up by City Marshal,
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Relations between Mayor Bigelow and Secretary of State Daniel Webster did not improve after the Shadrach Affair. In 1850, Bigelow had been scheduled to meet with
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Anti-slavery forces applauded Shadrach's escape, but they were distressed by the knee-jerk reactions of Massachusetts' politicians, including Mayor Bigelow.
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reshaped the City of Boston's societal structures. The Reverend Theodore Parker rather aptly commented that in a single decade the city had turned into "the
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That the new Irish immigrants could be blamed for nearly all of the city's ills was not lost on its native citizens. When one of the most well-known
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Ireland. Previously, the city had been accepting, on average, only 5,000 new immigrants. The ships bringing the thousands who arrived in
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Mayors of Boston: An Illustrated Epitome of Who the Mayors Have Been and What They Have Done'.' Boston: State Street Trust Company, 1914.
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After his terms as mayor, Bigelow was selected to be a member of the Boston Public Library's Board. Its president was Governor
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579:'fanaticism' which proposed to disregard the fundamental fact of private property in the interests of an impracticable ideal."
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Webster is his prophet, we have deserved it all,' and hold up their cheeks, both sides at once, to be smitten and spit upon."
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594:, the last escaped slave to leave Boston under the law, cost the city more than $ 40,000 and the life of one police officer.
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650:. Bigelow served on its board until January 1869, when he resigned for health reasons. The Mayor of Boston at the time,
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which has an auspicious bearing, prospectively, upon the moral and intellectual character of the people of Boston."
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intensified after Bigelow's terms as mayor. Over the course of the next three years, sentiment grew so heated that
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The crowning achievement of Bigelow's tenure as mayor and during his years in retirement was his support of the
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Mayor Bigelow earned praise for his efforts to reduce the outbreak of cholera. On August 15, 1849, the
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315:(August 25, 1797 – July 4, 1872) was an American politician, who served as a member of the
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The Memorial History of Boston, Including Suffolk County, Massachusetts 1630 - 1880., Volume III
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Mayors of Boston: An Illustrated Epitome of Who the Mayors Have Been and What They Have Done
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Mayors of Boston: An Illustrated Epitome of who the Mayors Have Been and What they Have Done
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While in the State House, he was a member of the Common Council for Ward 9 in the City of
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In 1848, Bigelow was elected Mayor of Boston, he was inaugurated the following year.
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319:, Secretary of State of Massachusetts, and most prominently as the twelfth mayor of
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Bigelow's rise to political prominence began in 1828, when he was elected to the
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Bostonians had been willing to support the Irish, as long as they had stayed in
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in 1843, and chosen to serve on its board of councilors from 1854 to 1868.
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549:, forcibly freed Shadrach from Boston's courthouse, and Minkins fled to
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788:, Boston, MA: City of Boston Printing Department, 1909, p. 221
774:, Boston, MA: City of Boston Printing Department, 1909, p. 224
757:, Boston, MA: City of Boston Printing Department, 1909, p. 222
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606:, a famous British abolitionist, who was holding a meeting at
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990:"City of Boston 1849 signed by Mayor John Prescott Bigelow"
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In his first term as mayor, Bigelow faced a major crisis.
713:, Boston, MA: State Street Trust Company, 1872, p. 21
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Boston African American community prior to the Civil War
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Members and Officers of the American Antiquarian Society
829:"John Prescott Bigelow - Boston Mayor from 1849 to 1851"
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1763:(abolitionist, lawyer, politician, son of David Walker)
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743:, Boston, MA: James R. Osgood and Company, p. 254
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Members of the Massachusetts House of Representatives
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that most—if not nearly all—of the deceased had been
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The Public Library of the City of Boston: A History.
378:, serving until 1843 when he became a member of the
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1990:Charles Street African Methodist Episcopal Church
2209:Secretaries of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts
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888:. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1995.
2060:Boston African American National Historic Site
1545:Boston African American National Historic Site
1003:American Antiquarian Society Members Directory
402:, the nation's first publicly funded library.
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2051:(Joy Street, Southack Street (now Phillips))
2239:Members of the American Antiquarian Society
952:Bulletin of the Business Historical Society
939:Bulletin of the Business Historical Society
806:. Boston: State Street Trust Company, 1914.
101:Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth
1769:(abolitionist, father of Edward G. Walker)
1745:(abolitionist, public speaker, journalist)
1527:
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1017:. Worcester: American Antiquarian Society.
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193:January 2, 1832 – January 6, 1834
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1928:Massachusetts General Colored Association
911:Stryker's American Register and Magazine
625:
323:from 1849 to 1851. Bigelow was born in
2224:Presidents of the Boston Common Council
1727:(dentist, doctor, lawyer, abolitionist)
1697:(Rev. War soldier, Freemason, activist)
14:
2249:19th-century Massachusetts politicians
2171:
738:
365:Massachusetts House of Representatives
357:Massachusetts House of Representatives
317:Massachusetts House of Representatives
181:President of the Boston Common Council
163:Massachusetts House of Representatives
2244:Trustees of the Boston Public Library
1555:Slavery in the colonial United States
1508:
1128:
950:"Boston and the Fugitive Slave Law,"
937:"Boston and the Fugitive Slave Law",
886:The Boston Irish: A Political History
597:
979:Boston: Boston Public Library, 1911.
458:
1667:(abolitionist, author, businessman)
428:
350:
24:
1934:Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society
1922:Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society
1916:Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society
1111:January 2, 1832 – January 6, 1834
524:
25:
2260:
2234:People from Groton, Massachusetts
2219:19th-century American legislators
1607:(slave memoirists, abolitionists)
2229:Burials at Mount Auburn Cemetery
2044:African Meeting House and Museum
1649:(abolitionist, Rev. War soldier)
901:New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1991.
392:
1715:(teacher, abolitionist, author)
1637:(abolitionist, slave memoirist)
1156:Mayors of Boston, Massachusetts
1007:
996:
982:
957:
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2075:Lewis and Harriet Hayden House
1041:Mayor of Boston, Massachusetts
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809:
703:
339:Bigelow was the son of lawyer
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1:
1703:(lawyer, abolitionist, judge)
1068:Secretary of the Commonwealth
376:Secretary of the Commonwealth
334:
2199:19th-century American people
2065:Charles Street Meeting House
1695:George Middleton (1735–1815)
692:1850 Boston mayoral election
687:1849 Boston mayoral election
682:1848 Boston mayoral election
664:American Antiquarian Society
7:
1830:1857 Supreme Court decision
1595:(minister, slave memoirist)
669:
10:
2265:
2143:Copp's Hill Burying Ground
1848:Fugitive Slave Act of 1850
1739:(abolitionist, politician)
1661:(abolitionist, politician)
588:Fugitive Slave Law of 1850
547:Boston Vigilance Committee
531:Fugitive Slave Law of 1850
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2013:(Mass. Rev. War soldiers)
2003:
1977:
1948:
1908:
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1655:(freemason, abolitionist)
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816:Boston Evening Transcript
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448:Boston Evening Transcript
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2104:Influential publications
1930:(abolitionism, equality)
1757:(minister, abolitionist)
1733:(college grad., teacher)
1643:(abolitionist, minister)
1631:(abolitionist, minister)
954:, Vol. 4, No. 3 May 1930
941:, Vol. 4, No. 3 May 1930
697:
662:Elected a member of the
619:Boston Board of Aldermen
537:and signed by President
2017:Prince Hall Freemasonry
1940:Prince Hall Freemasonry
1801:Back-to-Africa movement
1605:Ellen and William Craft
1601:(abolitionist, soldier)
739:Winsor, Justin (1881),
2184:Harvard College alumni
2158:Abolition Riot of 1836
2148:William Lloyd Garrison
2080:George Middleton House
1995:Twelfth Baptist Church
1827:Dred Scott v. Sandford
1785:associated individuals
1709:(abolitionist, writer)
652:Nathaniel B. Shurtleff
34:John Prescott Bigelow.
2085:William C. Nell House
1985:African Meeting House
1962:African Meeting House
1564:Prominent individuals
1105:Boston, Massachusetts
884:O'Connor, Thomas H.
632:Boston Public Library
626:Boston Public Library
586:The reactions to the
400:Boston Public Library
325:Groton, Massachusetts
321:Boston, Massachusetts
313:John Prescott Bigelow
259:Groton, Massachusetts
225:Boston Common Council
18:John Prescott Bigelow
2055:Black Heritage Trail
1611:Rebecca Lee Crumpler
1550:Black Heritage Trail
1013:Dunbar, B. (1987).
868:, September 19, 1850
343:. He studied law at
2214:Massachusetts Whigs
2095:John J. Smith House
1956:Home of Primus Hall
1783:Relevant topics and
1731:John Brown Russwurm
1707:William Cooper Nell
1579:(college professor)
1571:Macon Bolling Allen
1093:Benjamin T. Pickman
975:Wadlin, Horace G.
925:, February 28, 1851
613:A year later, when
359:as a member of the
204:Benjamin T. Pickman
27:American politician
2039:Abiel Smith School
1968:Abiel Smith School
1871:History of slavery
1679:(Rev. War soldier)
1026:Political offices
866:Milwaukee Sentinel
676:Timeline of Boston
598:Bigelow-Tukey Riot
519:John White Webster
2166:
2165:
2112:Freedom's Journal
2070:John Coburn House
2049:Black Beacon Hill
2025:
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1897:
1896:
1838:Elizabeth Freeman
1793:Black nationalism
1502:
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1123:
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1117:Josiah Quincy Jr.
1114:Succeeded by
1080:Succeeded by
1048:Succeeded by
1034:Josiah Quincy Jr.
899:Dead Certainties.
856:, August 15, 1849
842:Boston Cultivator
818:, January 2, 1849
459:Irish Immigration
380:Executive Council
310:
309:
216:Josiah Quincy Jr.
77:Josiah Quincy Jr.
16:(Redirected from
2256:
2189:Mayors of Boston
2032:or neighborhoods
2011:Bucks of America
1906:
1905:
1856:Shadrach Minkins
1789:
1788:
1773:Phillis Wheatley
1761:Edward G. Walker
1743:Maria W. Stewart
1577:William G. Allen
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1506:
1505:
1497:* denotes acting
1149:
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1125:
1090:Preceded by
1058:Preceded by
1031:Preceded by
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897:Schama, Simon.
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543:Shadrach Minkins
539:Millard Fillmore
533:. Passed by the
498:Dead Certainties
440:Irish immigrants
429:Cholera Epidemic
384:George N. Briggs
351:Political Ascent
329:Middlesex County
290:Louisa Ann Brown
271:
248:Personal details
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2099:
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1999:
1973:
1944:
1893:
1884:Bunch-of-Grapes
1879:Charles Apthorp
1865:
1814:
1784:
1778:
1725:John Swett Rock
1685:(escaped slave)
1617:Lucy Lew Dalton
1587:Boston Massacre
1585:(killed during
1583:Crispus Attucks
1573:(lawyer, judge)
1559:
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617:petitioned the
604:George Thompson
600:
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525:Shadrach Affair
506:Boston Brahmins
461:
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382:under Governor
353:
345:Harvard College
341:Timothy Bigelow
337:
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54:Mayor of Boston
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2057:
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2030:Historic sites
2027:
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2020:
2019:
2014:
2007:
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1992:
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1797:
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1775:(poet, author)
1770:
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1755:Samuel Snowden
1752:
1746:
1740:
1734:
1728:
1722:
1716:
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1704:
1698:
1692:
1691:(abolitionist)
1686:
1683:George Latimer
1680:
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1668:
1665:John T. Hilton
1662:
1656:
1650:
1644:
1641:Leonard Grimes
1638:
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1626:
1625:(abolitionist)
1620:
1619:(abolitionist)
1614:
1608:
1602:
1599:John P. Coburn
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1120:
1115:
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1083:John A. Bolles
1081:
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656:
648:Edward Everett
627:
624:
615:Daniel Webster
599:
596:
563:Daniel Webster
526:
523:
510:George Parkman
465:Irish diaspora
460:
457:
430:
427:
394:
391:
352:
349:
336:
333:
308:
307:
304:
303:
298:
292:
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272:(aged 74)
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122:Edward Everett
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2119:The Liberator
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2018:
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1983:
1982:
1980:
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1969:
1966:
1963:
1960:
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1954:
1953:
1951:
1947:
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1938:
1936:(interracial)
1935:
1932:
1929:
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1924:(interracial)
1923:
1920:
1918:(interracial)
1917:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1907:
1904:
1902:Organizations
1900:
1890:
1889:Merchants Row
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1852:Anthony Burns
1849:
1846:
1843:
1839:
1836:of 1781 (See
1835:
1834:Freedom suits
1832:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1817:
1810:
1809:William Gwinn
1806:
1802:
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1737:John J. Smith
1735:
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1701:Robert Morris
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923:The Liberator
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678:, 1820s-1850s
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592:Anthony Burns
589:
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571:The Liberator
566:
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514:Francis Tukey
511:
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477:Boston Harbor
472:
471:of America."
470:
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419:Francis Tukey
415:
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393:Mayoral Years
390:
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160:Member of the
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63:
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51:
47:
43:
38:
31:
19:
2124:
2117:
2110:
1909:Abolitionism
1842:Quock Walker
1825:
1767:David Walker
1689:Walker Lewis
1671:Thomas James
1659:Lewis Hayden
1635:Moses Grandy
1629:Hosea Easton
1221:
1098:
1066:
1039:
1014:
1009:
998:
984:
976:
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951:
946:
938:
922:
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865:
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661:
645:
641:
629:
612:
608:Faneuil Hall
601:
585:
581:
577:
569:
567:
559:
555:
528:
503:
497:
496:in his book
494:Simon Schama
492:
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404:
396:
388:
369:
354:
338:
312:
311:
270:(1872-07-04)
268:July 4, 1872
234:
211:Succeeded by
188:
170:
149:Succeeded by
108:
89:Succeeded by
61:
2194:1872 deaths
2179:1797 births
2153:Isaac Knapp
1964:(1806–1835)
1958:(1798–1806)
1860:Thomas Sims
1819:Legal cases
1719:Thomas Paul
1653:Prince Hall
1647:Primus Hall
1613:(physician)
535:US Congress
228:from Ward 9
199:Preceded by
137:Preceded by
72:Preceded by
2173:Categories
1805:Paul Cuffe
1751:(minister)
1749:Baron Stow
1721:(minister)
1713:Susan Paul
1673:(minister)
1368:Fitzgerald
1358:Fitzgerald
1217:Quincy Jr.
1172:Quincy III
1077:1836–1843
1045:1849–1851
361:Whig Party
335:Early life
296:Alma mater
130:John Davis
1949:Education
1398:Mansfield
1262:Shurtleff
1192:Armstrong
1100:President
239:1827–1833
235:In office
189:In office
175:1828–1836
171:In office
113:1836–1843
109:In office
66:1849–1851
62:In office
1978:Religion
1970:(1835-?)
1408:Kerrigan
1327:Matthews
1257:Norcross
1247:Wightman
1167:Phillips
670:See also
118:Governor
83:(acting)
2136:Related
1435:Collins
1388:Nichols
1363:Hibbard
1352:Whelton
1347:Collins
1317:O'Brien
1277:Cutter*
1252:Lincoln
1242:Lincoln
1222:Bigelow
1207:Brimmer
1202:Chapman
636:cholera
484:Ireland
435:Cholera
301:Harvard
1850:(See:
1485:tenure
1467:tenure
1455:tenure
1450:Menino
1425:Curley
1414:Curley
1393:Curley
1383:Curley
1378:Peters
1373:Curley
1337:Quincy
1332:Curtis
1312:Martin
1307:Palmer
1297:Prince
1292:Pierce
1287:Prince
1272:Pierce
1267:Gaston
1227:Seaver
1102:of the
913:, 1851
658:Honors
551:Canada
469:Dublin
372:Boston
287:Spouse
2004:Other
1803:(See
1474:Janey
1462:Walsh
1445:Flynn
1440:White
1430:Hynes
1419:Hynes
1403:Tobin
1302:Green
1232:Smith
1212:Davis
1197:Eliot
1187:Lyman
1182:Wells
698:Notes
327:, in
1342:Hart
1322:Hart
1282:Cobb
1237:Rice
1177:Otis
281:Whig
265:Died
253:Born
1071:of
2175::
1858:-
1854:-
1840:-
1807:-
1480:Wu
968:^
930:^
873:^
794:^
763:^
719:^
553:.
508:,
386:.
331:.
1862:)
1844:)
1811:)
1589:)
1528:e
1521:t
1514:v
1476:*
1421:*
1410:*
1354:*
1148:e
1141:t
1134:v
992:.
831:.
20:)
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