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Parliament in 1860 pertained to the temporal power of the Pope, and unfolding events in Italy. Coming into colonial administration, he was among a cohort of "new thinkers" whose ideas gained ground following the Sepoy Mutiny in India in 1857. Speaking at length in the House of
Commons on 26 July 1860 about British civil and military forces in India, Hennessy urged a shift in policies so that "the military administration of India would be conducted with greater skill, with more economy, and, as a natural result of a higher educational standard, with a greater regard for the feelings and interests of the Native population. Indeed, recent events furnished us with the most conclusive evidence that many of the British officers, entrusted with grave authority in India, had, from an ignorance of popular customs and a disregard of national habits and traditions, given great cause of complaint and encouragement to disaffection. As long as we send out officers to India who seem inclined to treat the Natives as slaves, who seem unable or unwilling to appreciate the noble qualities, of that unfortunate people, and who add the grossest military outrages and insults to the civil misgovernment and financial burdens we have imposed upon them, so long will our rule in India be a blot upon civilization".
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728:, initially studying in the science division of the faculty of arts. During his first year he was awarded a scholarship as he was one of the top three students, and this allowed him to transfer to medicine. He proved to be a gifted student scoring honours in five out of six subjects in his finals, came first in surgery and second in medicine.
887:
and coloured settlers in the administration of their affairs. In 1886 Hennessy was suspended from office for some months during a enquiry into allegations of involvement in local politics as well as the collapse of a bank. It was under
Hennessy that Mauritius knew its first shudder of democracy. This
816:
Although
Hennessy was born into the Anglo-Irish landowning gentry, his status as a Roman Catholic made him something of an outsider, particularly in his dealings with Protestant British colonial elites, whether in Barbados, Hong Kong, or Mauritius. Indeed, his earliest contributions as a Member of
840:
During his tenure, Hennessy realised that the
Chinese people, who were treated as second-class citizens up to that time, had developed an increasingly important influence on the Hong Kong economy. With that in mind, he lifted the ban that forbade Chinese people from buying lands, constructing
878:
from 1 June 1883 to 11 December 1889. Upon his arrival on 1 June 1883 on the island, Hennessy undertook to mauricianise the local administration by reducing the powers of the
English officials, appointing Mauritians to positions of responsibility and proposing a new constitution based on the
723:
in 1834, the son of John
Hennessy of Ballyhennessy and his wife Elizabeth Casey. He was one of eight children. The family were middle class with his father working as a hide merchant. He suffered from bronchitis as a child and was therefore initially privately tutored. In 1850 he entered
865:
Soon after arriving in Hong Kong, in April 1877, Hennessy set out to implement the "separate system" in
Victoria Gaol, meaning separate cells for prisoners, during the night if not also during the day. This plan hinged upon sending long-term prisoners to Labuan, for convict labour.
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buildings, and operate businesses in the
Central District. This caused a development boom in the Central District. Also, he allowed Chinese immigrants in Hong Kong to naturalise as British subjects. He appointed the first Chinese member (
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As he was not popular among the
European community of Hong Kong, there were no contemporary memorials there. However, on 14 June 1929, a main road located on the new reclamation was called
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Hennessy had two illegitimate daughters with his mistress, Miss A. M. Conyngham, before, on 4 February 1868, marrying
Catherine "Kitty" Elizabeth Low (1850โ1923), daughter of
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His personal motto was "Three Grand Qualifications to Success", which he described as "The first is audacity, the second is audacity, and the third is audacity".
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996:, there is both a major street, Pope Hennessy Street, and a statue by M. Loumeau erected in 1908. Hennessy Road, a street in civil lines,
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703:; 8 August 1834 โ 7 October 1891), was an Irish and British politician and colonial administrator who served as the eighth
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Also, during his rule, he established the first Grant-in-Aid system, a milestone in the educational history of Hong Kong.
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from 1859 to 1865. Whilst an MP he studied law at the Inner Temple, being called to the bar in 1861. In 1890, as MP for
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In May 1855 he went to London to further his studies at Charing Cross Hospital. He then entered public service.
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principle "Mauritius for Mauritians". It was therefore natural that he moved closer to the Mauritian lawyer
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Hawaiian King Kalakaua visits Hong Kong in 1881. Hennessy is sitting immediately to the left of the King
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In 1878, Hennessy also mandated that English be taught in all government schools in Hong Kong.
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Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for County Kilkenny constituencies (1801โ1922)
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Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for King's County constituencies (1801โ1922)
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in 1867 where he put the Crown Colony into solvency by introducing convict labour from the
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This article is about the colonial administrator. For his grandson, the art historian, see
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Due to his progressive attitude he was known by the Chinese as "Number One Good Friend".
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After his tenure as Governor of Hong Kong was over, Hennessy went on to become the 15th
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from 1872 to 1873, when he moved to the governorship of the Bahamas. He became
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House of Commons debate, 26 July 1860, Hansards, Vol. 160, cc. 231-59, 235
883:, leader of the reform movement who demanded a more direct involvement of
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Immediately after his tenure in Barbados, Hennessy was appointed as
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Hennessy died of heart failure on 7 October 1891 at his residence,
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656:
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Stearn, Roger T. (2007). "Hennessy, Sir John Pope (1834โ1891)".
845:, who would later become the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the
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1005:
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Empireland : how imperialism has shaped modern Britain
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Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George
920:(1916โ1974), who authored a biography of his grandfather,
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647:
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Verandah: Some Episodes in the Crown Colonies: 1867โ1889
16:
Irish-born British politician, 8th Governor of Hong Kong
950:
Sir John Pope Hennessy Governor of Mauritius, medal by
1219:"The Alleged Indian Peril (Glimpses of History 1956)"
1365:
Sir Walter Raleigh in Ireland (1883) via archive.org
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809:, from 1873 until 1877, with primary authority over
1360:contributions in Parliament by John Pope Hennessy
1077:. Archived from the original on 14 September 2018
1047:"Papers of Sir John Pope-Hennessy - Archives Hub"
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1131:"Commons Sittings in the 19th century (Hansard)"
751:member of the British Parliament, representing
1207:Hong Kong Government Gazette, 23 February 1878
837:, a position from which he served until 1882.
2380:Barbados and the Windward Islands (1833โ1885)
1890:
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1598:Governor of Barbados and the Windward Islands
617:
603:
204:Governor of Barbados and the Windward Islands
739:He started his Public Service career as the
1075:"Leigh Rayment's House of Commons pages: K"
888:was his last post in the Colonial Service.
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1883:
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1193:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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807:Governor-in-Chief of the Windward Islands
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2606:Colonial Administrative Service officers
1267:"Mauritian democracy: a caesarean birth"
1241:"Mauritian democracy: a caesarean birth"
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1292:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
801:. He went on to become the Governor of
72:1 June 1883 โ 11 December 1889
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2573:Served as Acting Governor of Barbados.
1281:
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912:. Richard had two sons, art historian
503:Rostellan Castle, County Cork, Ireland
127:23 April 1877 โ 30 March 1883
1878:
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13:
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14:
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1342:. London: George Allen and Unwin.
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2601:British governors of the Bahamas
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1374:Parliament of the United Kingdom
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793:and became colonial Governor of
747:, and eventually became a minor
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1136:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
1116:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
789:Hennessy eventually joined the
719:John Pope Hennessy was born in
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763:. He died the following year.
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1:
1338:Pope-Hennessy, James (1964).
1317:"Sir John Pope Hennessy dead"
1217:Napal, D. (13 October 2017).
714:
579:Queen's University of Ireland
2641:Politicians from County Cork
2621:Irish Conservative Party MPs
1487:Henry Ernest Gascoyne Bulwer
1033:City University of Hong Kong
967:
456:Henry Ernest Gascoyne Bulwer
7:
1294:. Oxford University Press.
10:
2667:
1504:Governor of the Gold Coast
1309:
1159:Sanghera, Sathnam (2021).
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914:John Wyndham Pope-Hennessy
355:Governor of the Gold Coast
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1435:Member of Parliament for
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1393:Member of Parliament for
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1302:. Accessed 2 August 2018.
1095:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1008:is also named after him.
761:Irish National Federation
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1539:Governor of Sierra Leone
1269:. L'Express. 2 June 2005
1247:. L'Express. 2 June 2005
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599:Traditional Chinese
302:Governor of Sierra Leone
1652:Frederick Napier Broome
1566:Governor of the Bahamas
1415:Sir Patrick O'Brien, Bt
1407:Sir Patrick O'Brien, Bt
1383:Sir Patrick O'Brien, Bt
1026:"In the United Kingdom"
916:(1913โ1994) and writer
613:Simplified Chinese
536:Catherine Elizabeth Low
248:Governor of the Bahamas
94:Frederick Napier Broome
2616:Governors of Hong Kong
2373:
2295:George Poyntz Ricketts
2051:Christopher Codrington
1709:Governors of Hong Kong
1514:Charles Spencer Salmon
1300:10.1093/ref:odnb/22537
1051:archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk
954:
901:
830:
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767:Early colonial service
688:Sir John Pope Hennessy
400:Charles Spencer Salmon
32:Sir John Pope Hennessy
2611:Governors of Barbados
2397:Charles Henry Darling
2372:
1906:Governors of Barbados
1659:Governor of Mauritius
1626:Governor of Hong Kong
1619:Arthur Edward Kennedy
1608:George Cumine Strahan
1559:George Cumine Strahan
1528:John Jennings Kendall
1497:Herbert Taylor Ussher
949:
910:Richard Pope-Hennessy
899:
876:Governor of Mauritius
870:Governor of Mauritius
835:Governor of Hong Kong
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821:Governor of Hong Kong
774:
726:Queen's College, Cork
709:Governor of Mauritius
705:Governor of Hong Kong
388:Herbert Taylor Ussher
335:John Jennings Kendall
282:George Cumine Strahan
240:George Cumine Strahan
115:Governor of Hong Kong
60:Governor of Mauritius
2465:Barbados (1885โ1966)
2360:James Frederick Lyon
2167:Thomas Catesby Paget
1913:Barbados (1627โ1833)
1670:Charles Cameron Lees
988:named after him. In
168:John Gardiner Austin
148:Sir Francis Colborne
107:Charles Cameron Lees
2330:John Foster Alleyne
1637:William Henry Marsh
1460:Government offices
1165:. UK. p. 159.
1111:"Hansard 1803โ2005"
918:James Pope-Hennessy
851:Legislative Council
799:Straits Settlements
568:2 daughters, 3 sons
172:William Henry Marsh
143:Lieutenant Governor
2412:William Colebrooke
2374:
2045:William Willoughby
2025:William Willoughby
2012:Francis Willoughby
1981:Francis Willoughby
1476:Governor of Labuan
1387:Loftus Henry Bland
1324:The New York Times
955:
902:
831:
787:
741:Supplemental Clerk
707:and the fifteenth
409:Governor of Labuan
163:Colonial Secretary
21:John Pope-Hennessy
2578:
2577:
2522:Eubule Waddington
2507:William Robertson
2487:Frederick Hodgson
2307:Francis Mackenzie
2271:James Cunninghame
2196:Orlando Bridgeman
2130:George Lillington
1872:
1871:
1676:
1675:
1666:Succeeded by
1633:Succeeded by
1605:Succeeded by
1573:Succeeded by
1546:Succeeded by
1511:Succeeded by
1483:Succeeded by
1453:Patrick McDermott
1450:Succeeded by
1419:John Gilbert King
1412:Succeeded by
1221:. Mauritius Times
1172:978-0-241-44529-7
900:Hennessy's family
847:Republic of China
685:
684:
669:
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643:Yale Romanization
2658:
2651:UK MPs 1886โ1892
2646:UK MPs 1859โ1865
2563:Government House
2456:William Robinson
2433:Sanford Freeling
2427:Rawson W. Rawson
2336:Stapleton Cotton
2201:Humphrey Howarth
2018:Henry Willoughby
2006:Humphrey Walrond
1899:
1892:
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1648:Preceded by
1615:Preceded by
1587:Sanford Freeling
1584:Preceded by
1577:William Robinson
1556:Preceded by
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1465:Preceded by
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557:Domestic partner
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227:Sanford Freeling
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196:Sir George Bowen
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27:
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2542:Robert Arundell
2502:Charles O'Brien
2460:
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2364:
2319:George Beckwith
2233:Charles Pinfold
2228:Henry Grenville
2223:Thomas Robinson
2179:Walter Chetwynd
2119:Bevil Granville
2095:Francis Russell
2065:Jonathan Atkins
1999:Thomas Modyford
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885:Indo Mauritians
872:
823:
791:Colonial Office
769:
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717:
690:
560:A. M. Conyngham
552:
549: 1868)
544:
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518:Other political
508:Political party
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2514:
2512:Harry Newlands
2509:
2504:
2499:
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2492:Gilbert Carter
2489:
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2479:
2477:Walter Sendall
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2444:George Strahan
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2417:Francis Hincks
2414:
2409:
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2399:
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2392:Evan MacGregor
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2301:William Bishop
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2289:William Bishop
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2532:Hilary Blood
2472:Charles Lees
2450:D. J. Gamble
2448:
2438:
2431:
2422:James Walker
2407:William Reid
2402:Charles Grey
2387:Lionel Smith
2349:Samuel Hinds
2347:
2340:
2328:
2313:John Spooner
2311:
2299:
2287:
2275:
2263:
2256:
2249:
2245:William Spry
2237:
2215:
2188:
2184:Emanuel Howe
2171:
2154:
2147:
2140:
2128:
2124:Mitford Crow
2111:
2101:Francis Bond
2099:
2082:
2070:
2063:
2056:
2049:
2039:Henry Hawley
2037:
2030:
2023:
2016:
2004:
1997:
1990:
1971:Henry Huncks
1963:
1956:
1952:Henry Hawley
1939:
1754:
1657:
1640:
1624:
1596:
1590:
1564:
1549:Robert Keate
1537:
1531:
1517:
1502:
1474:
1434:
1429:Edward Marum
1405:
1392:
1353:
1339:
1327:. Retrieved
1323:
1291:
1271:. Retrieved
1261:
1249:. Retrieved
1244:
1235:
1223:. Retrieved
1212:
1203:
1161:
1154:
1145:
1134:
1125:
1114:
1105:
1079:. Retrieved
1054:. Retrieved
1050:
1041:
1032:
1020:
982:Causeway Bay
971:
929:
926:
921:
903:
873:
864:
861:
858:
855:
839:
832:
815:
803:Sierra Leone
788:
780:
749:Conservative
738:
730:
718:
687:
686:
593:Chinese name
524:Conservative
520:affiliations
499:(1891-10-07)
450:Succeeded by
416:
395:Succeeded by
362:
348:Robert Keate
343:Succeeded by
309:
289:Succeeded by
255:
235:Succeeded by
211:
191:Succeeded by
156:John Sargent
122:
101:Succeeded by
67:
25:
2596:1891 deaths
2591:1834 births
2527:Henry Bushe
2355:Henry Warde
2342:John Skeete
2324:James Leith
2283:David Parry
2251:Samuel Rous
2239:Samuel Rous
2217:James Dotin
2211:Robert Byng
2206:Thomas Gage
2190:James Dotin
2173:James Dotin
2113:John Farmer
2084:Edwyn Stede
2072:John Witham
1976:Philip Bell
1941:R. Wheatley
1770:W. Robinson
1740:H. Robinson
1358:1803โ2005:
1245:Lexpress.mu
1002:Maharashtra
938:, Ireland.
924:, in 1964.
782:Vanity Fair
721:County Cork
649:Hฤซn nรจih sฤซ
526:(1859โ1865)
484:County Cork
437:Preceded by
383:Preceded by
330:Preceded by
276:Preceded by
222:Preceded by
179:Preceded by
88:Preceded by
2585:Categories
2517:Mark Young
2277:John Dotin
2265:John Dotin
2258:Edward Hay
2156:Samuel Cox
2149:John Frere
2107:Ralph Grey
1745:MacDonnell
1663:1883โ1889
1630:1877โ1882
1602:1876โ1877
1570:1873โ1874
1543:1872โ1873
1480:1867โ1871
1251:3 December
1225:13 October
1181:1193065927
1081:5 February
990:Port Louis
952:Oscar Roty
715:Early life
663:Hin nei si
574:Alma mater
477:1834-08-08
2547:John Stow
2482:James Hay
1947:W. Tufton
1935:J. Powell
1920:H. Powell
1840:MacLehose
1815:Northcote
1810:Caldecott
1720:Pottinger
1329:21 August
1189:cite book
994:Mauritius
968:Memorials
849:) to the
421:1867โ1871
417:In office
367:1872โ1872
363:In office
314:1872โ1873
310:In office
260:1873โ1874
256:In office
246:25th
216:1875โ1876
212:In office
202:10th
123:In office
68:In office
58:15th
1925:W. Deane
1825:Grantham
1800:Clementi
1765:Des Vลux
1755:Hennessy
1470:(acting)
1468:Hugh Low
1091:cite web
1056:10 April
978:Wan Chai
922:Verandah
906:Hugh Low
811:Barbados
657:Jyutping
565:Children
444:(acting)
442:Hugh Low
430:Victoria
407:6th
402:, acting
376:Victoria
337:, acting
323:Victoria
269:Victoria
229:, acting
136:Victoria
113:8th
81:Victoria
2556:Related
1750:Kennedy
1735:Bowring
1399:1859 โ
1355:Hansard
1310:Sources
1004:state,
942:Honours
934:, near
843:Ng Choy
743:at the
697:Chinese
551:
543:
539:
488:Ireland
426:Monarch
372:Monarch
319:Monarch
265:Monarch
132:Monarch
77:Monarch
1855:Patten
1850:Wilson
1835:Trench
1795:Stubbs
1785:Lugard
1780:Nathan
1730:Bonham
1641:acting
1591:acting
1532:acting
1518:acting
1404:With:
1273:2 June
1179:
1169:
998:Nagpur
963:(1880)
795:Labuan
785:, 1875
699::
531:Spouse
1845:Youde
1830:Black
1820:Young
1775:Blake
1760:Bowen
1725:Davis
1508:1872
1320:(PDF)
1029:(PDF)
1012:Notes
1006:India
545:(
541:
1805:Peel
1668:Sir
1650:Sir
1635:Sir
1617:Sir
1575:Sir
1485:Sir
1446:1891
1442:1890
1401:1865
1331:2012
1275:2005
1253:2020
1227:2017
1195:link
1177:OCLC
1167:ISBN
1097:link
1083:2009
1058:2021
980:and
960:KCMG
936:Cork
692:KCMG
494:Died
471:Born
454:Sir
293:Sir
280:Sir
105:Sir
92:Sir
37:KCMG
1790:May
1296:doi
984:on
779:in
777:Ape
701:่ปๅฐผ่ฉฉ
619:่ฝฉๅฐผ่ฏ
605:่ปๅฐผ่ฉฉ
2587::
1639:,
1589:,
1530:,
1516:,
1444:โ
1322:.
1283:^
1243:.
1191:}}
1187:{{
1175:.
1133:.
1113:.
1093:}}
1089:{{
1066:^
1049:.
1031:.
1000:,
853:.
711:.
547:m.
486:,
1898:e
1891:t
1884:v
1701:e
1694:t
1687:v
1333:.
1298::
1277:.
1255:.
1229:.
1197:)
1183:.
1139:.
1119:.
1099:)
1085:.
1060:.
1035:.
695:(
479:)
475:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
