366:, all of whom had signed an incriminating document found with Jameson's raiders, were sentenced to be hanged, but Kruger commuted the sentence the next day. For the next few weeks, Hammond and the others were kept in jail under deplorable conditions. In May it was announced that they would spend 15 years in prison, but by mid-June Kruger commuted the sentences of all, Hammond and the other lesser figures each paying a ÂŖ2,000 fine. The ringleaders had been shipped off to London to be dealt with by the imperial Government, paying fines of ÂŖ25,000 each. All fines, amounting to some ÂŖ300,000, were paid by Rhodes. Shortly hereafter, Hammond left for England.
562:(1888â1965) was born in San Francisco, California. In 1893 he moved with his family to South Africa, and five years later the family moved to England. The family returned to the United States in 1900, and Hammond attended Lawrenceville School, started inventing, and went on to study at the Sheffield School of Yale University, graduating in 1910. He established the Hammond Radio Research Corporation in 1911 and eventually developed a radio controlled torpedo system for the navy, which he successfully demonstrated in 1918. Between 1926 and 1929, he built a medieval-style castle in
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304:. An early advocate of deep-level mining, Hammond was given complete charge of Rhodes' gold and diamond mines and made each undertaking a financial success. While working for Rhodes, he made his worldwide reputation as an engineer. He continued to work for Rhodes until 1899, but events in Africa would go on to change Hammond's life forever.
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had made promises, but failed to keep them. These demands were orchestrated by Rhodes, knowing that Kruger would never accede to them, justifying subsequent intervention by the
British government to protect the supposed interests of British miners, the vast majority of whom had no desire to vote or
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John Hays
Hammond died in 1936 at the age of 81 in an easy chair in his showplace at Gloucester, Massachusetts. He left an estate estimated at $ 2.5 million, mostly to his four surviving children: inventor John Hays Hammond Jr.; artist Natalie Hays Hammond; composer Richard Pindle Hammond; and
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whom he had known since his student days at Yale. In early 1908 it was announced that
Hammond was a candidate for Vice-President for the Republican party, but he did not receive many delegates at the national convention. Nevertheless, he became acquainted with many prominent politicians at the
393:'s Independence mine, also in Colorado, and then being floated on the London market, revealed that the ore reserves had been greatly overvalued, and burst the stock bubble. He became a professor of mining engineering at Yale University 1902â1909, and from 1903 to 1907, he was employed by
320:
When
Hammond arrived in the Transvaal, the political situation was tense. The gold rush had brought in a considerable foreign population of workers, chiefly British and American, whom the Boers referred to as "Uitlanders" (foreigners). These immigrants, manipulated by Rhodes, formed a
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From 1884 to 1893, Hammond worked in San
Francisco as a consulting engineer for Union Iron Works, Central Pacific Railway and Southern Pacific Railway. In 1893, Hammond left for South Africa to investigate the gold mines in Transvaal for the Barnato Brothers. In 1894, he joined the
551:
Harris Hays
Hammond (1881â1969), a financier, became president of Dominguez Oil Fields Company, which earned him $ 2 million in 1936, and president of Laughlin Filter Corporation, a small New Jersey company which manufactures centrifuges. In 1928, he and
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and was captured by the Boers in
December 1895. Shortly thereafter, the Boer government arrested Hammond and most of members of the Reform Committee and kept them in deplorable conditions. The U.S. Senate petitioned President Kruger for clemency.
192:, was arrested and sentenced to death. The Reform Committee leaders were released after paying large fines, but like many of the leaders, Hammond escaped Africa for good. He returned to the United States, became a close friend of President
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convention and became the president of the League of
Republican Clubs. He moved to Washington to be closer to the President and he accompanied President Taft on many excursions. In 1911, Taft then sent him to the coronation of
547:
He married
Natalie Harris (1859â1931), of Harrisville, Mississippi (40 miles SSW south of the state capital, Jackson) on January 1, 1881, in Hancock, Maryland. Together they had four sons and one daughter:
329:(brother of Cecil), Hammond, and others. They demanded a stable constitution, a fair franchise law, an independent judiciary, a better educational system, and charged that the Government under President
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of Yale
University, where he earned a Bachelor of Philosophy in 1876, and later attended the Royal School of Mines, Freiberg, Germany, 1876â1879, and there he met his wife-to-be, Natalie Harris.
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Hammond's five-year contract included a $ 250,000 base salary and "an interest from each property that he brought in to Guggenex." He earned $ 1.2 million in the first year alone. He employed
196:, and was appointed a special ambassador. At the same time, he continued to develop mines in Mexico and California and, in 1923, he made another fortune while drilling for oil with the
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who was condemned to death with him, the Guggenheims who employed him at a fabulous salary, former President Taft who offered him an ambassador position, and President
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176:, diplomat, and philanthropist. He amassed a sizable fortune before the age of 40. An early advocate of deep mining, Hammond was given complete charge of
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About 1900, the now-famous Hammond moved to the U.S. and reported on mining properties in the U.S. and Mexico. He reported on the value of the
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448:, the highly decorated Scout who he knew from Africa, led Hammond to become a wealthy oil man when Burnham Exploration Company struck oil at
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on irrigation and other engineering problems. In addition to Taft, Hammond also befriended Presidents Grant, Hayes, Roosevelt, and Coolidge.
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988:
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499:, etc.) in honor of Hammond. Over 10,000 people wrote tributes to Hammond, including: Hearst whose father gave him his first job,
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779:"Rocky Mountain Club Ends a short but famous career; Its Huge Gifts of Money and Services in the War Gave It a Notable Record".
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In May 1926, an organization called "The Company of Friends of John Hays Hammond" sponsored eleven dinners around the world (
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Hammond became chairman of the U.S. Coal Commission, 1922â1923. His close friendship and longtime business associations with
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put Hammond on the cover of the May 10, 1926 issue and ran a biographical sketch on him called "Unique".
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228:, and had formerly been married to Calvin Lea. The family moved in 1849 to California to prospect in the
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were among the directors of Acoustic Products Co., which later became Sonora Products Corp. of America.
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broke out, Hammond barricaded his family in a small house and fought off the attacking guerrillas.
220:, and Sarah, daughter of Harmon Hays and his wife, nÊe Elizabeth Cage. Sarah was sister to Captain
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and he remained president of the club until it disbanded in 1928. Hammond was also active in the
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and made each undertaking a financial success. He was a main force planning and executing the
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688:, by Major Frederick Russell Burnham, D.S.O., LC call number: DT775 .B8 1926. (1926)
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1879â1880 in Washington, DC. He returned to California in 1881 to work for Senator
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who consulted with him on the coal situation. The event was so extraordinary that
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John Hays Hammond, Sr. Papers. Manuscripts and Archives, Yale University Library.
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The Cowboy Capitalist: John Hays Hammond, the American West, and the Jameson Raid
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for life achievement in 1959. He has been called the 'Father of Radio Control'.
232:, and young John was born in San Francisco. After an adventurous boyhood in the
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922:, . New Haven, Yale University Press, 1970. Yale Western Americana series 22.
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was converted into the Hammond Museum & Japanese Stroll Garden in 1957.
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Mining engineers & the American West; the lace-boot brigade, 1849â1933
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in 1895. It was a fiasco and Hammond, along with the other leaders of the
915:(1944) chapter XXXIV devoted to Hammond. LC call number: DT29 .B8. (1944)
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285:
346:, prematurely invaded the Transvaal with 1 500 troops in the ill-fated
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Rotberg, Robert I. "The Jameson Raid: An American Imperial Plot?"
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as a highly paid general manager and consulting engineer for the
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Benjamin B Hampton (1 April 1910). "The Vast Riches of Alaska".
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Hammond took his first mining job as a special expert for the
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Guide to the John Hays Hammond, Sr, papers at Yale University
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572:(1904â1985) was born in Lakewood, New Jersey. Her estate in
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Time Magazine cover story, John Hays Hammond, May 10, 1926.
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as a special U.S. Ambassador, and twice sent him to assist
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in Colorado, pursuant to its sale in 1902. His report on
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settle in the Transvaal. Civility finally collapsed when
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Harris Hays Hammond (November 27, 1881 â August 9, 1969)
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Yale School of Engineering & Applied Science alumni
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354:
The Reform Committee case was heard in April. Hammond,
16:
American mining engineer, diplomat, and philanthropist
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583:(1896â1980), composer, were the two other children.
699:
List of people on the cover of Time Magazine: 1920s
420:In 1907, Hammond became the first president of the
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796:
794:
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675:South African Memories: Rhodes â Barnato â Burnham
527:He died of coronary occlusion on June 8, 1936, in
268:, to become superintendent of Minas Nuevas. When
1084:People convicted of treason against South Africa
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944:National Mining Hall of Fame biographical sketch
641:Great American Issues: Political Social Economic
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296:). In 1895, he was managing Rhodes' property in
172:(March 31, 1855 â June 8, 1936) was an American
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751:. The University of Utah Press. pp. 27â28.
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872:"Hammond Museum & Japanese Stroll Garden"
260:. In 1882, he was sent to hostile country in
1089:Prisoners sentenced to death by South Africa
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1019:American businesspeople convicted of crimes
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949:Hammond-Harwood House, Annapolis, Maryland
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428:and he became a close friend of President
408:, his eventual successor at Guggenex, and
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38:
1029:United States Geological Survey personnel
579:Nathaniel Harris Hammond (1902â1907) and
378:Former residence of John Hays Hammond in
19:For other people named John Hammond, see
1069:Immigrants to the South African Republic
543:John Hays Hammond Jr. & Sr., c. 1922
538:
463:
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554:Anthony "Tony" Joseph Drexel Biddle Jr.
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654:The Autobiography of John Hays Hammond
618:The milling of gold ores in California
1064:American prisoners sentenced to death
899:(University of Virginia Press, 2018),
864:
843:
740:
1079:20th-century South African engineers
904:Journal of Interdisciplinary History
762:"Rocky Mountain Club Incorporates".
144:Nathaniel Harris Hammond (1902â1907)
137:(April 13, 1888 â February 12, 1965)
994:South African mining businesspeople
256:, the mining magnate and father of
149:(August 26, 1896 â December 2, 1980
13:
889:
599:awarded John Hays Hammond Jr. the
460:May 1926: A Celebration of Hammond
236:, Hammond went East to attend the
14:
1100:
989:Businesspeople from San Francisco
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284:and opened mines in the Rand, in
142:(January 6, 1904 â June 30, 1985)
126:(January 1, 1881 â June 18, 1931)
1009:Expatriates in Southern Rhodesia
747:Charles Caldwell Hawley (2014).
681:, vol. LXIX, January â June 1921
648:The engineer (Vocational series)
633:The truth about the Jameson raid
507:) took him to South Africa, Sir
243:
606:
587:financier Harris Hays Hammond.
1034:South African mining engineers
1014:American expatriates in Mexico
984:Burials at Green-Wood Cemetery
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625:A woman's part in a revolution
399:Guggenheim Exploration Company
1:
1049:Washington, D.C., Republicans
1004:People of the Second Boer War
851:"Hammond Castle & Museum"
705:
342:'s Administrator General for
308:Reform Committee of Transvaal
208:Hammond was the son of Major
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190:Johannesburg Reform Committee
21:John Hammond (disambiguation)
1024:South African businesspeople
340:British South Africa Company
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238:Sheffield Scientific School
216:graduate who fought in the
198:Burnham Exploration Company
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686:Scouting on Two Continents
302:Johannesburg, South Africa
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1039:Engineers from California
999:American mining engineers
910:Frederick Russell Burnham
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564:Gloucester, Massachusetts
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529:Gloucester, Massachusetts
446:Frederick Russell Burnham
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288:(territory which became
906:(2019) 49#4 pp 641â648.
391:Winfield Scott Stratton
370:Return to United States
300:, with headquarters at
258:William Randolph Hearst
210:Richard Pindell Hammond
162:Richard Pindell Hammond
895:Onselen, Charles van.
825:"Millennium Payment".
581:Richard Pindle Hammond
560:John Hays Hammond, Jr.
544:
472:
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316:Natalie Harris Hammond
147:Richard Pindle Hammond
135:John Hays Hammond, Jr.
1074:Cape Colony engineers
601:Elliott Cresson Medal
574:North Salem, New York
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439:Nicholas II of Russia
410:Alfred Chester Beatty
377:
336:Leander Starr Jameson
315:
280:Company to work with
570:Natalie Hays Hammond
278:British South Africa
250:US Geological Survey
230:California gold rush
140:Natalie Hays Hammond
679:Scribner's Magazine
450:Dominguez Oil Field
430:William Howard Taft
422:Rocky Mountain Club
362:, Frank Rhodes and
194:William Howard Taft
85:Green-Wood Cemetery
1059:American emigrants
831:. 16 August 1937.
805:Hampton's Magazine
768:. 19 January 1907.
597:Franklin Institute
545:
473:
454:Carson, California
383:
325:headed by Colonel
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89:Brooklyn, New York
918:Spence, Clark C.
749:A Kennecott Story
395:Daniel Guggenheim
364:Percy Fitzpatrick
234:American Old West
170:John Hays Hammond
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159:Sarah (Hays) Lea
32:John Hays Hammond
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222:John Coffee Hays
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785:. 4 March 1928.
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728:. 10 May 1926.
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677:, published in
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513:Calvin Coolidge
509:Lionel Phillips
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356:Lionel Phillips
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174:mining engineer
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100:Yale University
96:Alma mater
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226:Texas Rangers
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81:Resting place
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875:. Retrieved
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854:. Retrieved
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607:Bibliography
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443:
419:
406:Pope Yeatman
403:
401:(Guggenex).
384:
353:
348:Jameson Raid
344:Matabeleland
327:Frank Rhodes
319:
282:Cecil Rhodes
274:
270:a revolution
247:
207:
186:Jameson Raid
182:South Africa
178:Cecil Rhodes
169:
168:
67:(1936-06-08)
65:June 8, 1936
25:
979:1936 deaths
974:1855 births
669:Other works
456:, in 1923.
331:Paul Kruger
286:Mashonaland
218:Mexican War
180:' mines in
968:Categories
877:2 December
856:2 December
722:"Unique".
706:References
214:West Point
204:Early life
837:0040-781X
734:0040-781X
658:volumes 1
477:Manhattan
298:Transvaal
156:Parent(s)
121:Spouse(s)
693:See also
664:, (1935)
521:magazine
435:George V
416:Politics
294:Zimbabwe
290:Rhodesia
131:Children
115:diplomat
452:, near
264:, near
224:of the
930:(1970)
926:
835:
732:
650:(1922)
644:(1921)
636:(1918)
628:(1897)
620:(1887)
591:Awards
535:Family
497:Manila
485:London
471:, 1926
338:, the
266:Sonora
262:Mexico
75:, U.S.
56:, U.S.
612:Books
493:Tokyo
489:Paris
292:(now
924:ISBN
879:2006
858:2006
833:ISSN
811:(1).
730:ISSN
660:and
595:The
519:Time
469:Time
212:, a
91:, US
62:Died
47:Born
970::
817:^
809:24
807:.
791:^
714:^
656:,
566:.
531:.
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483:,
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412:.
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200:.
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87:,
881:.
860:.
839:.
736:.
662:2
23:.
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