1028:, and wrote to Cowans urging that Barrett be commissioned. This was done but they subsequently had a falling out and she forwarded a letter he wrote to her to his commanding officer, Colonel Henry Delmé-Radcliffe, who decided to have Barrett transferred from the 12th Battalion to the 3rd Battalion of the Royal Welch Fusiliers. When she heard that Barrett's friends were seeking to take action, she again wrote to Cowans, who replied that orders had already gone out, adding, "I would fight for you if I had the time." The government convened a court of inquiry, which declared that "Cornwallis-West's conduct was highly discreditable." Delmé-Radcliffe was relieved of his command, and the government expressed its displeasure at Cowans, but given his excellent service as Quartermaster-General, took no action against him.
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Existing barracks became overcrowded. Shortages of labour and materials developed, and the expanded program could not be completed before winter set in. Although there was no shortage of tents, some of the new sites were poorly chosen and flooded or became quagmires under heavy rains in
November. Some 800,000 troops had to be billeted in private homes.
949:. By July 1915, UK production of military vehicles reached 250 per week. Contracts were placed in the United States but in 1916 Cowans was directed to cancel American contracts to save foreign exchange. This was done, but later that same year the contracts had to be reopened to produce seventy lorries per week. The
1196:
In March 1925, Dorothy Muriel
Dennistoun revealed that she had lived as Cowans's mistress with the consent of her husband, Lieutenant Colonel Ian Onslow Dennistoun. She alleged that she had used her influence with the general to secure important Army positions for her husband. The couple had divorced
893:
recommended that priority be given to the facilities, with the men initially sleeping under canvas, but Cowans disagreed, and directed that every effort be made to complete both simultaneously. At the time, this seemed reasonable, but by
October the requirements had grown from 100,000 to 850,000 men.
781:
Most of their problems were financial, and Cowans had little additional money to give them, but he gave them the benefit of his time, energy, enthusiasm and administrative skills, and was able to secure some additional latitude in spending their funding. He noted that one of the duties of the county
944:
While horses were still the mainstay of transport in the field, as the war went on, there was a tendency to substitute motor transport for horse transport. To economise on manpower, women were trained to drive and maintain motor vehicles. Cowans successfully resisted attempts to absorb his drivers
853:
on 4 August 1914, Cowans urged the government to cancel the
Territorial Army's annual camps, which for most of them was in the first week of August. This was not done, and trains needed for the expeditionary force had to collect Territorials and return them to their depots. Despite this, the first
620:
would provide a ship and fit it out, and inform Cowans when it would be ready to sail. Cowans would then allocate troops to the ship and arrange for them to be moved to the port by rail for embarkation. Between 1 August 1899 and 31 May 1902, he arranged for the embarkation of 98,826 regular and
514:. This was seen as a means of speedy advancement, and competition for places was keen. Cowans managed to narrowly pass the entrance examination, and entered on 1 February 1890. His class of thirty was a distinguished one; half of them later became generals. While he was there he was promoted to
777:
with local commanding officers as members, that handled the raising, recruiting, equipping and supplying of their units. When the units were called up for training, the county associations became responsible for the welfare of the wives and children of the troops as well. Cowans developed good
953:
continued to supply the caterpillar tractors needed to pull heavy artillery pieces, as these were not manufactured in the UK. By the later stages of the war the forces in France alone were consuming forty-eight megalitres (ten point five million imperial gallons) of petrol per month.
977:, but Robertson became Chief of the General Staff of the BEF on 25 January 1915, and was replaced by Major-General Ronald Charles Maxwell. Cowans's relationship with Maxwell slowly deteriorated until, on 23 December 1917, Maxwell was replaced by Lieutenant-General Sir
1078:. No longer a serving officer, he used the occasion to express his disappointment at the omission of the administrative services from the government's Thanks To The Forces. He declared: "This has been a war of administration rather than of strategy or tactics".
579:
Cowans did not return to his regiment. On 11 May 1898, he was appointed a Deputy
Assistant Quartermaster General at the War Office, working in the movements section (QMG.2). He was involved with arrangements for the deployment of troops to the Sudan for the
1179:
Cowans died insolvent; his fortune of £8,000 was consumed by his debts. His widow put his medals up for sale. They were purchased anonymously by his friends, and Lady Cowans was permitted to retain them until her death, when they were deposited in the
362:. It was intended that he should enter the Navy, but, at the age of thirteen, he failed the entrance exam. He was sent on a tour of France, Germany, Italy and Switzerland with a tutor, before returning to Burney's Academy to prepare for the
996:
Cowans liked to work late, seldom retiring for the night before 0200, but waking around 0800. Working late at night enabled him to write without interruptions. When he could he left London for the weekend, staying with
General Sir
743:, and he asked General Headquarters whether he should cancel. The reply he received was: "everybody knows you have never heard a shot fired in anger, except by an angry husband, so I don't think you need to forgo your leave."
537:. His section (AG.7) worked on the mobilisation scheme, the first version of which had been issued shortly before Cowans arrived. He was officially seconded to the staff on 13 June 1893. On 1 September 1894, he became the
584:
of 1898, and for the autumn military manoeuvres in
September 1898, the largest military manoeuvres since 1872, with 50,000 troops involved. Cowans had to make the required arrangements for rail and maritime transport.
1233:
It is of course the lot of logisticians, regardless of rank and appointment, to be forgotten. Great War history is replete with well-known generals whose names spring quickly to mind, but Cowans is not one of them.
687:. He assumed the post on 22 March, but when the General Staff of India was created he became Director of Staff Duties and Training at Army Headquarters in India on 1 April. In this role he was involved with the new
905:
The large number of troops needed to be outfitted. In peacetime this had been done through contracts with a small number of firms, and production could not be rapidly expanded. As an interim measure, 500,000 blue
1098:
343:, on 11 March 1862, the oldest of three sons of John Cowans, an engineer who co-founded the Carlisle firm of Cowans, Sheldon & Co., and his wife Jeannie (née Steven). Cowans was always known as "Jack".
3169:
914:. He arranged for the whole of the British wool production to be purchased from the farmers, and the entirety of Australian wool production was made available by the Australian government.
854:
shipload of stores departed on 9 August, and by 23 August, five infantry and two cavalry divisions of the
British Expeditionary Force (BEF) had reached their wartime stations in France.
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3139:
930:
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600:. Cowans's section had considered this prospect in a series of conferences in April, May and June. It was calculated that £97,000 would be required to outfit ships to transport a
794:
in the event of war. It was estimated that on mobilisation, the
Expeditionary Force would require 42,000 horses and the Territorial Force would need 86,000. Cowans was made a
910:
suits were obtained from Post Office stocks, and some units were supplied with nineteenth-century scarlet tunics. Cowans reduced expenditure wherever possible by eliminating
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3144:
1043:
242:
205:
315:
Cowans became
Quartermaster-General to the Forces in 1912, and in this capacity he was responsible for finding accommodation and supplies for more than a million newly
552:
His appointment as brigade major ended on 1 September 1897, and Cowans departed for India to join the 3rd Battalion of the Rifle Brigade, which then engaged in the
648:, declined to release him. He did, however, promise Cowans that no officer of the Rifle Brigade would be promoted over his head. Thus, Cowans was promoted to the
3199:
3164:
850:
1334:
1074:, and soon after set off on a business trip to survey oil production in the Middle East. On 18 September, he returned to Carlisle to be presented with the
699:
in April 1907, ensuring that the curriculum was brought into line with that of Camberley. He acted as Director of Military Operations for a time, and as
3184:
3149:
613:
1039:
led to responsibility for the campaign being transferred from the government of India to the War Office, making Cowans responsible for its logistics.
292:, in 1892 and became a Deputy Assistant Quartermaster General at Army Headquarters in 1898. In this role he organised the deployment of troops to the
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657:
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1205:, and another close friend of Cowans. Dorothy sued to claim money that she said he owed her. The jury awarded Dorothy £5,000, but the judge,
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1103:
106:
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1251:
1059:
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and was assigned to the Regimental depot. He married Eva Mary Coulson, the eldest daughter of Reverend John Edmund Coulson, the Vicar of
433:
421:
235:
200:
156:
1097:, as his mother and brother had done, and was received into the church on 11 April. He died on 16 April. A requiem mass was held at the
683:
In February 1906, Cowans was appointed Director-General of Military Education of the British Indian Army, and was replaced by Colonel
819:
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483:
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regarded him as "the most capable soldier thrown up by the War in our Army". Nonetheless, historian Clem Maginniss concluded that
766:. Cowans returned to India briefly to settle private affairs and hand over command of the Presidency Brigade to Brigadier-General
1161:
1006:
790:
for the Territorial Force. Cowans drew up a scheme for the compulsory purchase of horses for both the Territorial Force and the
778:
personal relationships with the chairman of the county associations, for whom he was invariably approachable and sympathetic.
673:
3000:
2880:
2718:
1202:
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755:
542:
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in 1903, and went on to become Director of Staff Duties and Training at Army Headquarters in India in 1907. He commanded the
3027:
1128:
Cowans never served in combat, so he never earned any campaign medals or decorations for gallantry, but he was awarded the
1113:
989:
946:
616:, declined to request a supplementary vote. On 23 September, Parliament provided £25,000. Once hostilities commenced, the
3062:
1293:
1269:
1217:
Historian Peter Simkins considered Cowans to be "the only truly outstanding officer on the Army Council", Prime Minister
1197:
in May 1921, and had agreed to forgo a formal claim of alimony in return for his financial support. He had since married
1071:
998:
827:
811:
653:
641:
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258:
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861:. Plans had been drawn up before the war for standard 18.3-by-6.1-metre (60 by 20 ft) huts with a wooden frame and
716:
301:
166:
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728:
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36,568 auxiliary troops, and more than 90,000 reinforcements. Rail movements involved up to 25 special trains per day.
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277:
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The Army Council realised that the existing barracks could hold only 175,000 men, and this would be inadequate for
581:
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on 28 October, but active service continued to elude him; the 3rd Battalion was on its way back to its station at
3209:
2993:
An Unappreciated Field of Endeavour: Logistics and the British Expeditionary Force on the Western Front 1914-1918
1181:
460:
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until a permanent replacement arrived in January 1882, and he rejoined C Company. He passed examinations in the
1287:
1137:
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on 20 March 1919. He was the only member of the Army Council to retain his position throughout the entire war.
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on 5 December 1908. He was promoted to major-general on 21 March 1910. A minor crisis erupted in 1910 when a
499:
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on 19 June 1911 in the civil division, as his lack of active service precluded a military division award.
549:, which was considered a plum job for a young staff officer who, despite the title, was still a captain.
1149:
984:
3082:
1140:. He also received several foreign awards and decorations, including being made a Grand Officer of the
950:
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609:
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equipment, which was superior to the old leather equipment as it did not sweat and corrode ammunition
2774:
1157:
1133:
842:
739:, and it was feared that Chinese forces might pursue him. Cowans was about to depart on four months'
628:
Archibald Hunter, John Cowans, Horace Smith-Dorrien and Mrs Adam outside Smith-Dorrien's bungalow in
572:, but, on the advice of Coleridge Grove, he declined the appointment. Soon after, he was promoted to
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2016:
1085:, Cowans underwent surgery for a kidney complaint. In early 1921, he went to stay with friends at
773:
The Territorial Force was administered by county associations, military committees chaired by the
2746:
799:
564:, having taken heavy losses, mainly from sickness. He was offered a position on the staff of the
2722:. Vol. XLIV, no. 15, 597 (Third ed.). Western Australia. 20 April 1925. p. 6
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on 28 March 1900, ahead of officers on active service. He was involved in arrangements for the
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Cowans worked well with the original Quartermaster-General of the BEF, Lieutenant-General Sir
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1206:
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1936:
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929:, which was fine in peacetime when the annual requirement was 100,000 sets. In the interim,
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1857:
1822:
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525:
Staff College, Camberley, class in 1890. Cowans is seventh from the left in the middle row.
479:
2946:
Leeson, D. M. (November 2008). "Playing at War: The British Military Manoeuvres of 1898".
1089:
in the south of France. His condition deteriorated, and he was moved to a nursing home in
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8:
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General Sir John Cowans, G.C.B., G.C.M.G., the Quartermaster General of the Great War
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General Sir John Cowans, G.C.B., G.C.M.G., the Quartermaster General of the Great War
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668:(MVO) on 11 August 1902. The following year, he was promoted to the substantive rank
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309:
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from 1908 to 1910, when he returned to the United Kingdom as Director-General of the
297:
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1339:
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925:. However, only two firms in the UK had the specialised machinery to manufacture
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Some division commanders requested Cowans's services as a staff officer, but the
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in March 1881 to join the 1st Battalion of the Rifle Brigade, which was based at
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on 9 March 1898, and reassigned to one of the battalions in the United Kingdom.
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2653:. Vol. CXV, no. 16, 121. Tasmania, Australia. 2 July 1921. p. 7
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were made from webbing, with leather being substituted for other components.
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451:, on 14 February 1884. The wedding ceremony was held in the parish church in
387:
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2750:. Vol. XC, no. 26, 285. South Australia. 26 March 1925. p. 11
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901:
A sergeant of the London Regiment wearing the 1914 Pattern Leather Equipment
2938:
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1805:
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911:
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783:
758:, who offered him the recently created position of Director-General of the
521:
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36:
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began a relationship with Patrick Barrett, a much younger sergeant in the
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exterior that could accommodate thirty men; forty of these could house a
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2778:. No. 27, 223. New South Wales, Australia. 6 April 1925. p. 11
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Accoutrements presented a greater problem. The British Army had adopted
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2277:. No. 21, 978. Victoria, Australia. 5 January 1917. p. 7
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2427:. No. 13, 452. Victoria, Australia. 18 March 1919. p. 1
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Cowans was posted to the 2nd Battalion of the Rifle Brigade at
316:
296:. He became Assistant Quartermaster-General of 2nd Division at
94:
672:
on 16 April and became Assistant Quartermaster-General of the
1222:
959:
601:
569:
406:
3170:
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
1332:
Grieves, Keith (6 January 2011). "Cowans, Sir John Steven".
529:
Upon graduation in January 1892, Cowans was attached to the
1044:
Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
878:
593:
206:
Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
2164:
2140:
2116:
3205:
Recipients of the Order of the Sacred Treasure, 1st class
3020:
Kitchener's Army: The Raising of the New Armies 1914-1916
1164:. In October 1919, he was appointed a Grand Cross of the
1070:
Cowans abruptly resigned on 15 March 1919 and joined the
390:
on 22 January 1881, having secured a nomination from its
2848:
2401:
2399:
2232:
1035:, where maladministration and the British defeat in the
1020:
In November 1916, Cowans became embroiled in a scandal.
533:
under the Assistant-Adjutant-General, Major-General Sir
3195:
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)
3022:. Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Pen & Sword Military.
439:
In late 1883, Cowans returned to the United Kingdom on
805:
750:
in France, Cowans was summoned back to England by the
482:
in the battalion. His fellow junior officers included
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2110:
2086:
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2003:
1991:
1979:
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1911:
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770:, before he assumed his new post on 7 November 1910.
510:
Cowans decided to further his career by entering the
3140:
Burials at St Mary's Catholic Cemetery, Kensal Green
1852:
1850:
1733:. No. 36844. London. 12 August 1902. p. 8.
1176:, the highest grade of the highest order of Greece.
1054:
on 28 March 1918. He was promoted to general in the
1402:
1400:
608:, but no provision had been made for this, and the
413:. Soon after arriving in Poona he became temporary
253:(11 March 1862 – 16 April 1921) was a senior
3160:Grand Officers of the Order of the Crown (Belgium)
3145:Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst
2828:"Praise for Cumbrian who kept the troops supplied"
2797:
2684:
2533:(1st supplement). 21 September 1917. p. 9864.
2513:(1st supplement). 25 September 1917. p. 9946.
2081:
1687:
327:to retain his position throughout the entire war.
2593:(1st supplement). 13 February 1920. p. 1935.
2573:(1st supplement). 8 November 1918. p. 13276.
2100:(1st supplement). 26 October 1915. p. 10615.
1847:
658:Coronation of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra
3116:
1875:
1873:
1397:
2372:(1st supplement). 31 December 1918. p. 87.
1221:described him as "the best Quartermaster since
762:, which had come into being as a result of the
396:Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn
2553:(1st supplement). 28 March 1919. p. 4200.
2392:(1st supplement). 18 March 1919. p. 3731.
2329:(1st supplement). 28 December 1917. p. 7.
261:from 1912 to 1919, covering the period of the
2633:(Supplement). 21 October 1919. p. 13002.
2613:(1st supplement). 11 July 1919. p. 8938.
2025:(1st supplement). 16 June 1911. p. 4591.
1870:
1052:Order of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem
3200:Recipients of the Order of the Crown (Italy)
3165:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
2933:. Vol. 2. London: Hutchinson & Co.
2909:. Vol. 1. London: Hutchinson & Co.
2077:(1st supplement). 30 May 1913. p. 3904.
1338:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1209:, voided the verdict, and awarded her £472.
1188:pension of £100 per year, but she declined.
1099:Basilica of St Michael the Archangel, Menton
1060:Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
201:Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
2786:– via National Library of Australia.
2758:– via National Library of Australia.
2730:– via National Library of Australia.
2661:– via National Library of Australia.
2435:– via National Library of Australia.
2358:
2356:
2285:– via National Library of Australia.
2216:(Supplement). 19 March 1915. p. 2819.
1762:
1760:
1488:
1486:
1031:One reason for this was the course of the
970:sailing directly from the United States.
35:
3185:Military personnel from Carlisle, Cumbria
3150:Graduates of the Staff College, Camberley
2990:
2854:
820:Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath
335:John Steven Cowans was born in Woodbank,
107:St Mary's Catholic Cemetery, Kensal Green
3175:Knights of Grace of the Order of St John
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2015:
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1081:In November 1920, after consulting with
988:Cowans in conversation with General Sir
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896:
832:
623:
520:
216:Grand Cross of the Order of the Redeemer
157:Rifle Brigade (The Prince Consort's Own)
3017:
2405:
2353:
2170:
2146:
2122:
1757:
1483:
1335:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1331:
3155:Grand Officers of the Legion of Honour
3117:
2945:
2873:British Logistics on the Western Front
1654:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1191:
502:, all of whom later became generals.
378:near the top of his class, Cowans was
2870:
2256:
2238:
1605:
1203:George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon
1199:Almina Herbert, Countess of Carnarvon
1123:
556:. He reached the regimental depot at
478:in May 1887. He was the only married
3180:Members of the Royal Victorian Order
3135:British Army generals of World War I
2333:
2313:
992:at Boulogne, France, on 15 June 1918
966:so that fuel could be received from
459:, and was presided over by Reverend
3190:People educated at Burney's Academy
3063:Quartermaster-General to the Forces
2376:
1737:
1314:
1072:Shell Transport and Trading Company
818:on 3 June 1912. He was advanced to
812:Quartermaster-General to the Forces
806:Quartermaster General to the Forces
638:Quartermaster-General to the Forces
259:Quartermaster-General to the Forces
211:Member of the Royal Victorian Order
13:
2875:. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger.
2009:
1586:. 14 September 1897. p. 5107.
1554:. 11 September 1894. p. 5256.
1502:. 23 September 1890. p. 5093.
1156:of Japan; the second class of the
1134:King Edward VII Delhi Durbar Medal
796:Companion of the Order of the Bath
710:
701:Chief of the General Staff (India)
664:as a Member (fourth class) of the
14:
3221:
2672:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924b
2492:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
2458:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924b
2446:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924b
2308:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924b
2296:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924b
2251:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924b
2227:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924b
2195:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924b
2183:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924b
2159:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924b
2135:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924b
2111:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
2036:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924b
2004:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1992:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1980:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1968:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1956:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1945:. 11 November 1910. p. 8075.
1924:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1912:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1900:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1842:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1810:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1717:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1682:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1667:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1600:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1565:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1513:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1478:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1466:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1454:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1442:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1427:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1392:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1377:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1365:Chapman-Huston & Rutter 1924a
1114:St Mary's Roman Catholic Cemetery
814:and third military member of the
364:Royal Military College, Sandhurst
278:Royal Military College, Sandhurst
3102:
3090:
1238:
1160:of China; and the United States
1130:King Edward VII Coronation Medal
1013:. He also liked to play golf at
826:on 3 June 1913, and promoted to
782:associations was to provide the
505:
323:. He was the only member of the
16:British Army general (1862–1921)
2820:
2790:
2762:
2734:
2706:
2677:
2637:
2617:
2597:
2577:
2557:
2537:
2517:
2497:
2463:
2419:"Quartermaster-General Resigns"
2411:
2200:
2061:
2041:
1929:
1866:. 5 February 1909. p. 944.
1831:. 5 February 1907. p. 828.
1815:
1780:
1753:. 22 August 1902. p. 5462.
1722:
1628:
1570:
1538:
1518:
1416:. 21 January 1881. p. 293.
1050:, and a Knight of Grace of the
715:Cowans became Commander of the
319:servicemen at the start of the
288:in 1881. He graduated from the
1796:. 13 March 1906. p. 1795.
1706:. 27 March 1900. p. 2043.
1138:King George V Coronation Medal
931:1914 Pattern Leather Equipment
889:on either side. Major-General
849:In the days leading up to the
1:
2864:
2349:. 2 April 1918. p. 4026.
1889:. 5 April 1910. p. 2330.
1624:. 1 April 1898. p. 2091.
1534:. 27 June 1893. p. 3642.
1212:
1146:Order of the Crown of Belgium
330:
42:
2057:. 7 June 1912. p. 4131.
1644:. 24 May 1898. p. 3237.
1352:UK public library membership
1284:(temporary) 5 December 1908
1154:Order of the Sacred Treasure
947:Women's Army Auxiliary Corps
703:when Lieutenant-General Sir
467:and Chaplain-in-Ordinary to
369:
366:, which he entered in 1878.
7:
1776:. 1 May 1903. p. 2770.
1162:Distinguished Service Medal
1150:Order of the Crown of Italy
1108:. His body lay in state at
1093:. He decided to convert to
729:Chinese expedition to Tibet
723:with the temporary rank of
465:Queen's Chapel of the Savoy
398:. He embarked for India on
10:
3226:
2645:"The Late Sir John Cowans"
951:Holt Manufacturing Company
752:Secretary of State for War
660:. For this service he was
610:Secretary of State for War
3069:
3060:
3052:
3047:
2995:. Warwick: Helion Press.
2775:The Sydney Morning Herald
1184:. The King offered her a
1158:Order of the Golden Grain
933:was issued in which only
881:, a recreation hut and a
869:. The plans incorporated
843:Royal Army Clothing Depot
193:
172:
162:
152:
142:
134:
122:
114:
101:
84:
60:
52:
34:
23:
2991:Maginniss, Clem (2018).
2960:10.1177/0968344508095448
2471:"Sir John Steven Cowans"
1902:, pp. 154–155, 169.
1844:, pp. 126–129, 136.
1307:
1152:; a Grand Cordon of the
1065:
646:Charles Mansfield Clarke
588:On 11 October 1899, the
512:Staff College, Camberley
471:. They had no children.
290:Staff College, Camberley
3018:Simkins, Peter (2007).
2923:Chapman-Huston, Desmond
2899:Chapman-Huston, Desmond
2747:The Register (Adelaide)
2714:"Another Cause Celebre"
2686:"Foreign News: Scandal"
1272:(brevet) 28 March 1900
800:1911 Coronation Honours
346:Cowans was educated at
3210:Rifle Brigade officers
2473:. CWGC Casualty record
1344:10.1093/ref:odnb/32593
1236:
1225:", and his successor,
1120:, London on 25 April.
993:
902:
891:George Scott-Moncrieff
846:
830:on 28 October 1915.
768:Hew Dalrymple Fanshawe
633:
526:
492:Reginald Byng Stephens
463:, the chaplain of the
432:. He was promoted to
257:officer who served as
231:Sir John Steven Cowans
2742:"The Dennistoun Suit"
2274:The Argus (Melbourne)
1231:
1207:Henry Alfred McCardie
1182:United Service Museum
1166:Order of the Redeemer
1112:and he was buried at
1056:1919 New Year Honours
1048:1918 New Year Honours
1033:Mesopotamian campaign
1026:Royal Welch Fusiliers
1022:Patsy Cornwallis-West
987:
900:
836:
824:1913 Birthday Honours
695:, which relocated to
666:Royal Victorian Order
627:
614:Marquess of Lansdowne
524:
135:Years of service
1174:King of the Hellenes
958:were established at
919:1908 Pattern Webbing
543:2nd Infantry Brigade
2871:Brown, Ian (1998).
2674:, pp. 298–299.
2460:, pp. 295–298.
2448:, pp. 292–293.
2310:, pp. 158–163.
2298:, pp. 147–150.
2253:, pp. 232–233.
2241:, pp. 180–181.
2197:, pp. 124–127.
2185:, pp. 131–135.
2173:, pp. 268–272.
2149:, pp. 256–263.
2125:, pp. 234–244.
2113:, pp. 270–280.
2006:, pp. 250–251.
1994:, pp. 196–198.
1982:, pp. 187–189.
1958:, pp. 178–181.
1926:, pp. 172–173.
1812:, pp. 125–126.
1719:, pp. 118–121.
1192:Post-mortem scandal
1170:Alexander of Greece
1083:John Thomson-Walker
1076:Freedom of the City
792:Expeditionary Force
566:British Indian Army
426:Hindustani language
337:St Cuthbert Without
74:St Cuthbert Without
3073:Sir Travers Clarke
2630:The London Gazette
2610:The London Gazette
2590:The London Gazette
2570:The London Gazette
2550:The London Gazette
2530:The London Gazette
2510:The London Gazette
2389:The London Gazette
2369:The London Gazette
2346:The London Gazette
2326:The London Gazette
2213:The London Gazette
2097:The London Gazette
2074:The London Gazette
2054:The London Gazette
2022:The London Gazette
1942:The London Gazette
1886:The London Gazette
1863:The London Gazette
1828:The London Gazette
1793:The London Gazette
1773:The London Gazette
1750:The London Gazette
1729:"Court Circular".
1703:The London Gazette
1684:, pp. 99–105.
1641:The London Gazette
1621:The London Gazette
1583:The London Gazette
1551:The London Gazette
1531:The London Gazette
1499:The London Gazette
1413:The London Gazette
1294:Lieutenant-General
1270:Lieutenant-Colonel
1227:David Lloyd George
1144:of France, of the
1124:Honours and awards
994:
903:
851:declaration of war
847:
828:lieutenant-general
810:Cowans became the
746:While on leave in
717:Presidency Brigade
654:lieutenant-colonel
642:Lieutenant-General
634:
527:
356:preparatory school
302:Presidency Brigade
167:Presidency Brigade
3079:
3078:
3070:Succeeded by
3056:Sir Herbert Miles
3048:Military offices
3002:978-0-8078-5850-9
2882:978-0-275-95894-7
2836:. 9 February 2017
2137:, pp. 21–26.
1669:, pp. 97–98.
1602:, pp. 93–97.
1567:, pp. 85–86.
1515:, pp. 81–83.
1480:, pp. 72–77.
1468:, pp. 65–67.
1444:, p. xxxiii.
1429:, pp. 58–62.
1394:, pp. 55–57.
1367:, pp. 45–51.
1350:(Subscription or
1282:Brigadier-General
1260:3 September 1890
1246:Second lieutenant
1110:Westminster Abbey
1095:Roman Catholicism
1011:Wilton, Wiltshire
975:William Robertson
760:Territorial Force
725:brigadier-general
678:Aldershot Command
453:Grange-over-Sands
384:second lieutenant
310:Territorial Force
298:Aldershot Command
225:
224:
109:, London, England
3217:
3107:
3106:
3105:
3095:
3094:
3093:
3086:
3053:Preceded by
3045:
3044:
3041:
3029:978-1-84415-5859
3014:
2987:
2942:
2918:
2894:
2858:
2852:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2841:
2824:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2813:
2801:
2794:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2770:"Jury's Verdict"
2766:
2760:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2738:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2710:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2688:
2681:
2675:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2660:
2658:
2641:
2635:
2634:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2601:
2595:
2594:
2581:
2575:
2574:
2561:
2555:
2554:
2541:
2535:
2534:
2521:
2515:
2514:
2501:
2495:
2494:, p. xxxiv.
2489:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2467:
2461:
2455:
2449:
2443:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2432:
2415:
2409:
2403:
2394:
2393:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2360:
2351:
2350:
2337:
2331:
2330:
2317:
2311:
2305:
2299:
2293:
2287:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2265:
2254:
2248:
2242:
2236:
2230:
2224:
2218:
2217:
2204:
2198:
2192:
2186:
2180:
2174:
2168:
2162:
2156:
2150:
2144:
2138:
2132:
2126:
2120:
2114:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2088:
2079:
2078:
2065:
2059:
2058:
2045:
2039:
2033:
2027:
2026:
2013:
2007:
2001:
1995:
1989:
1983:
1977:
1971:
1965:
1959:
1953:
1947:
1946:
1933:
1927:
1921:
1915:
1909:
1903:
1897:
1891:
1890:
1877:
1868:
1867:
1854:
1845:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1819:
1813:
1807:
1798:
1797:
1784:
1778:
1777:
1764:
1755:
1754:
1741:
1735:
1734:
1726:
1720:
1714:
1708:
1707:
1694:
1685:
1679:
1670:
1664:
1658:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1632:
1626:
1625:
1612:
1603:
1597:
1588:
1587:
1574:
1568:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1522:
1516:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1490:
1481:
1475:
1469:
1463:
1457:
1451:
1445:
1439:
1430:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1404:
1395:
1389:
1380:
1374:
1368:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1347:
1329:
1296:28 October 1915
1248:22 January 1881
1142:Legion of Honour
1107:
859:Kitchener's Army
837:Cowans receives
775:Lord Lieutenants
707:was in England.
685:Alexander Godley
632:, India, c. 1907
554:Tochi Expedition
518:on 3 September.
436:on 1 July 1881.
392:Colonel-in-Chief
348:Burney's Academy
270:Burney's Academy
252:
247:
240:
124:
91:
70:
68:
47:
44:
39:
21:
20:
3225:
3224:
3220:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3215:
3214:
3115:
3114:
3113:
3103:
3101:
3091:
3089:
3081:
3075:
3066:
3058:
3030:
3003:
2883:
2867:
2862:
2861:
2853:
2849:
2839:
2837:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2811:
2809:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2781:
2779:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2753:
2751:
2740:
2739:
2735:
2725:
2723:
2712:
2711:
2707:
2697:
2695:
2683:
2682:
2678:
2670:
2666:
2656:
2654:
2643:
2642:
2638:
2622:
2618:
2602:
2598:
2582:
2578:
2562:
2558:
2542:
2538:
2522:
2518:
2502:
2498:
2490:
2486:
2476:
2474:
2469:
2468:
2464:
2456:
2452:
2444:
2440:
2430:
2428:
2417:
2416:
2412:
2404:
2397:
2381:
2377:
2361:
2354:
2338:
2334:
2318:
2314:
2306:
2302:
2294:
2290:
2280:
2278:
2267:
2266:
2257:
2249:
2245:
2237:
2233:
2225:
2221:
2205:
2201:
2193:
2189:
2181:
2177:
2169:
2165:
2157:
2153:
2145:
2141:
2133:
2129:
2121:
2117:
2109:
2105:
2089:
2082:
2066:
2062:
2046:
2042:
2034:
2030:
2014:
2010:
2002:
1998:
1990:
1986:
1978:
1974:
1966:
1962:
1954:
1950:
1934:
1930:
1922:
1918:
1910:
1906:
1898:
1894:
1878:
1871:
1855:
1848:
1840:
1836:
1820:
1816:
1808:
1801:
1785:
1781:
1765:
1758:
1742:
1738:
1728:
1727:
1723:
1715:
1711:
1695:
1688:
1680:
1673:
1665:
1661:
1653:
1649:
1633:
1629:
1613:
1606:
1598:
1591:
1575:
1571:
1563:
1559:
1543:
1539:
1523:
1519:
1511:
1507:
1491:
1484:
1476:
1472:
1464:
1460:
1452:
1448:
1440:
1433:
1425:
1421:
1405:
1398:
1390:
1383:
1375:
1371:
1363:
1359:
1349:
1330:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1302:1 January 1919
1241:
1215:
1201:, the widow of
1194:
1126:
1101:
1068:
990:Henry Rawlinson
863:corrugated iron
845:on 21 June 1918
808:
764:Haldane Reforms
756:Richard Haldane
748:Évian-les-Bains
713:
711:General officer
592:began when the
590:Second Boer War
582:Nile Expedition
535:Coleridge Grove
508:
496:George Thesiger
372:
333:
321:First World War
294:Second Boer War
263:First World War
245:
238:
234:
221:
189:
185:First World War
180:Second Boer War
110:
93:
89:
72:
66:
64:
48:
45:
30:
27:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3223:
3213:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3112:
3111:
3109:United Kingdom
3099:
3077:
3076:
3071:
3068:
3059:
3054:
3050:
3049:
3043:
3042:
3028:
3015:
3001:
2988:
2954:(4): 432–461.
2948:War in History
2943:
2919:
2895:
2881:
2866:
2863:
2860:
2859:
2857:, p. 341.
2855:Maginniss 2018
2847:
2819:
2789:
2761:
2733:
2719:The Daily News
2705:
2676:
2664:
2636:
2616:
2596:
2576:
2556:
2536:
2516:
2496:
2484:
2462:
2450:
2438:
2410:
2395:
2375:
2352:
2332:
2312:
2300:
2288:
2269:"Army Scandal"
2255:
2243:
2231:
2219:
2199:
2187:
2175:
2163:
2161:, p. 118.
2151:
2139:
2127:
2115:
2103:
2080:
2060:
2040:
2038:, p. 290.
2028:
2008:
1996:
1984:
1972:
1970:, p. 200.
1960:
1948:
1928:
1916:
1914:, p. 156.
1904:
1892:
1869:
1846:
1834:
1814:
1799:
1779:
1756:
1736:
1721:
1709:
1686:
1671:
1659:
1657:, p. 433.
1647:
1627:
1604:
1589:
1569:
1557:
1537:
1517:
1505:
1482:
1470:
1458:
1446:
1431:
1419:
1396:
1381:
1369:
1357:
1312:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1297:
1291:
1290:21 March 1910
1288:Major-General
1285:
1279:
1278:16 April 1903
1273:
1267:
1261:
1255:
1249:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1214:
1211:
1193:
1190:
1125:
1122:
1067:
1064:
1042:Cowans became
979:Travers Clarke
807:
804:
788:draught horses
712:
709:
705:Beauchamp Duff
604:and a cavalry
507:
504:
484:George Bingham
469:Queen Victoria
371:
368:
332:
329:
223:
222:
220:
219:
213:
208:
203:
197:
195:
191:
190:
188:
187:
182:
176:
174:
170:
169:
164:
160:
159:
154:
150:
149:
144:
140:
139:
136:
132:
131:
126:
120:
119:
118:United Kingdom
116:
112:
111:
105:
103:
99:
98:
92:(aged 59)
86:
82:
81:
62:
58:
57:
54:
50:
49:
40:
32:
31:
28:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3222:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3120:
3110:
3100:
3098:
3088:
3087:
3084:
3074:
3065:
3064:
3057:
3051:
3046:
3039:
3035:
3031:
3025:
3021:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3004:
2998:
2994:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2904:
2900:
2896:
2892:
2888:
2884:
2878:
2874:
2869:
2868:
2856:
2851:
2835:
2834:
2829:
2823:
2808:. 1 June 1925
2807:
2806:
2800:
2799:"Wipers Dead"
2793:
2777:
2776:
2771:
2765:
2749:
2748:
2743:
2737:
2721:
2720:
2715:
2709:
2694:
2693:
2687:
2680:
2673:
2668:
2652:
2651:
2646:
2640:
2632:
2631:
2626:
2620:
2612:
2611:
2606:
2600:
2592:
2591:
2586:
2580:
2572:
2571:
2566:
2560:
2552:
2551:
2546:
2540:
2532:
2531:
2526:
2520:
2512:
2511:
2506:
2500:
2493:
2488:
2472:
2466:
2459:
2454:
2447:
2442:
2426:
2425:
2420:
2414:
2408:, p. 38.
2407:
2402:
2400:
2391:
2390:
2385:
2379:
2371:
2370:
2365:
2359:
2357:
2348:
2347:
2342:
2336:
2328:
2327:
2322:
2316:
2309:
2304:
2297:
2292:
2276:
2275:
2270:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2252:
2247:
2240:
2235:
2229:, p. 52.
2228:
2223:
2215:
2214:
2209:
2203:
2196:
2191:
2184:
2179:
2172:
2167:
2160:
2155:
2148:
2143:
2136:
2131:
2124:
2119:
2112:
2107:
2099:
2098:
2093:
2087:
2085:
2076:
2075:
2070:
2064:
2056:
2055:
2050:
2044:
2037:
2032:
2024:
2023:
2018:
2012:
2005:
2000:
1993:
1988:
1981:
1976:
1969:
1964:
1957:
1952:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1932:
1925:
1920:
1913:
1908:
1901:
1896:
1888:
1887:
1882:
1876:
1874:
1865:
1864:
1859:
1853:
1851:
1843:
1838:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1818:
1811:
1806:
1804:
1795:
1794:
1789:
1783:
1775:
1774:
1769:
1763:
1761:
1752:
1751:
1746:
1740:
1732:
1725:
1718:
1713:
1705:
1704:
1699:
1693:
1691:
1683:
1678:
1676:
1668:
1663:
1656:
1651:
1643:
1642:
1637:
1631:
1623:
1622:
1617:
1611:
1609:
1601:
1596:
1594:
1585:
1584:
1579:
1573:
1566:
1561:
1553:
1552:
1547:
1541:
1533:
1532:
1527:
1521:
1514:
1509:
1501:
1500:
1495:
1489:
1487:
1479:
1474:
1467:
1462:
1456:, p. 63.
1455:
1450:
1443:
1438:
1436:
1428:
1423:
1415:
1414:
1409:
1403:
1401:
1393:
1388:
1386:
1379:, p. 38.
1378:
1373:
1366:
1361:
1353:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1336:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1313:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1266:9 March 1898
1265:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1239:Dates of rank
1235:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1219:H. H. Asquith
1210:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1148:, and of the
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1105:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1079:
1077:
1073:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1040:
1038:
1034:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1007:Lord Pembroke
1004:
1003:Kingston Hill
1000:
991:
986:
982:
980:
976:
971:
969:
965:
961:
957:
956:Storage tanks
952:
948:
942:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
915:
913:
909:
899:
895:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
855:
852:
844:
840:
835:
831:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
803:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
784:riding horses
779:
776:
771:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
744:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
708:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
689:staff college
686:
681:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
631:
626:
622:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
586:
583:
577:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
550:
548:
544:
540:
539:brigade major
536:
532:
523:
519:
517:
513:
506:Staff officer
503:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
472:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
437:
435:
431:
427:
423:
420:
419:Major-General
416:
412:
408:
404:
403:
397:
393:
389:
388:Rifle Brigade
385:
381:
377:
367:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
344:
342:
338:
328:
326:
322:
318:
313:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
286:Rifle Brigade
283:
280:, Cowans was
279:
275:
271:
266:
264:
260:
256:
251:
244:
237:
232:
229:
217:
214:
212:
209:
207:
204:
202:
199:
198:
196:
192:
186:
183:
181:
178:
177:
175:
171:
168:
165:
161:
158:
155:
151:
148:
145:
141:
137:
133:
130:
127:
121:
117:
113:
108:
104:
100:
96:
88:16 April 1921
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:11 March 1862
63:
59:
55:
51:
38:
33:
22:
19:
3061:
3019:
2992:
2951:
2947:
2930:
2927:Rutter, Owen
2906:
2903:Rutter, Owen
2872:
2850:
2838:. Retrieved
2831:
2822:
2810:. Retrieved
2803:
2792:
2780:. Retrieved
2773:
2764:
2752:. Retrieved
2745:
2736:
2724:. Retrieved
2717:
2708:
2696:. Retrieved
2690:
2679:
2667:
2655:. Retrieved
2648:
2639:
2628:
2619:
2608:
2599:
2588:
2579:
2568:
2559:
2548:
2539:
2528:
2519:
2508:
2499:
2487:
2475:. Retrieved
2465:
2453:
2441:
2429:. Retrieved
2422:
2413:
2406:Simkins 2007
2387:
2378:
2367:
2344:
2335:
2324:
2315:
2303:
2291:
2279:. Retrieved
2272:
2246:
2234:
2222:
2211:
2202:
2190:
2178:
2171:Simkins 2007
2166:
2154:
2147:Simkins 2007
2142:
2130:
2123:Simkins 2007
2118:
2106:
2095:
2072:
2063:
2052:
2043:
2031:
2020:
2011:
1999:
1987:
1975:
1963:
1951:
1940:
1931:
1919:
1907:
1895:
1884:
1861:
1837:
1826:
1817:
1791:
1782:
1771:
1748:
1739:
1730:
1724:
1712:
1701:
1662:
1650:
1639:
1630:
1619:
1581:
1572:
1560:
1549:
1540:
1529:
1520:
1508:
1497:
1473:
1461:
1449:
1422:
1411:
1372:
1360:
1333:
1254:1 July 1881
1232:
1216:
1195:
1178:
1127:
1118:Kensal Green
1080:
1069:
1041:
1037:Siege of Kut
1030:
1019:
999:Arthur Paget
995:
972:
943:
916:
904:
887:dining halls
856:
848:
816:Army Council
809:
780:
772:
745:
714:
691:in India at
682:
674:2nd Division
635:
587:
578:
551:
528:
509:
500:Henry Wilson
473:
445:Long Preston
438:
415:aide-de-camp
401:
380:commissioned
373:
345:
334:
325:Army Council
314:
282:commissioned
268:Educated at
267:
255:British Army
230:
226:
173:Battles/wars
129:British Army
90:(1921-04-16)
18:
3130:1921 deaths
3125:1862 births
2650:The Mercury
2625:"No. 31615"
2605:"No. 31451"
2585:"No. 31783"
2565:"No. 31002"
2545:"No. 31263"
2525:"No. 30302"
2505:"No. 30306"
2384:"No. 31242"
2364:"No. 31097"
2341:"No. 30607"
2321:"No. 30450"
2208:"No. 29107"
2092:"No. 29341"
2069:"No. 28724"
2049:"No. 28615"
2017:"No. 28505"
1937:"No. 28436"
1881:"No. 28354"
1858:"No. 28221"
1823:"No. 27992"
1788:"No. 27894"
1768:"No. 27548"
1745:"No. 27467"
1698:"No. 27177"
1655:Leeson 2008
1636:"No. 26970"
1616:"No. 26953"
1578:"No. 26891"
1546:"No. 26551"
1526:"No. 26416"
1494:"No. 26090"
1408:"No. 24926"
1102: [
968:oil tankers
735:to flee to
731:caused the
558:Rawal Pindi
488:Ronald Lane
461:Henry White
428:and played
376:passing out
53:Nickname(s)
46: 1915
29:John Cowans
3119:Categories
3067:1912–1919
2865:References
2840:4 February
2812:1 February
2782:2 February
2754:2 February
2726:1 February
2698:1 February
2657:2 February
2431:2 February
2424:The Herald
2281:2 February
2239:Brown 1998
1354:required.)
1252:Lieutenant
1213:Reputation
1186:Civil List
1087:Cap Ferrat
939:haversacks
923:cartridges
839:Queen Mary
737:Darjeeling
733:Dalai Lama
531:War Office
457:Lancashire
441:sick leave
434:lieutenant
411:Ahmednagar
360:Royal Navy
331:Early life
115:Allegiance
67:1862-03-11
3097:Biography
3038:137313532
3011:154706430
2984:159710126
2968:0968-3445
2929:(1924b).
2905:(1924a).
2891:468858549
2477:20 August
1731:The Times
1058:, and to
945:into the
935:backpacks
912:middlemen
883:cookhouse
875:sergeants
867:battalion
618:Admiralty
547:Aldershot
480:subaltern
449:Yorkshire
422:John Ross
400:HMS
370:Subaltern
284:into the
138:1881–1919
80:, England
2976:26070741
2833:The Mail
1136:and the
871:officers
721:Calcutta
662:invested
652:rank of
596:invaded
476:Woolwich
358:for the
341:Carlisle
317:enlisted
306:Calcutta
276:and the
218:(Greece)
163:Commands
123:Service/
97:, France
78:Carlisle
41:Cowans,
3083:Portals
2939:2322922
2915:2322922
1300:General
1276:Colonel
1258:Captain
1046:in the
927:webbing
841:at the
822:in the
798:in the
693:Deolali
670:colonel
606:brigade
562:Umballa
541:of the
516:captain
430:cricket
386:in the
352:Gosport
274:Gosport
228:General
147:General
3036:
3026:
3009:
2999:
2982:
2974:
2966:
2937:
2913:
2889:
2879:
1348:
1132:, the
1091:Menton
1015:Cooden
964:Calais
879:messes
873:' and
697:Quetta
650:brevet
630:Quetta
612:, the
374:After
194:Awards
125:branch
102:Buried
95:Menton
2980:S2CID
2972:JSTOR
1308:Notes
1264:Major
1223:Moses
1106:]
1066:Death
960:Rouen
908:serge
885:with
741:leave
602:corps
598:Natal
594:Boers
574:major
570:Simla
407:Poona
402:Jumna
382:as a
248:
246:,
241:
239:,
3034:OCLC
3024:ISBN
3007:OCLC
2997:ISBN
2964:ISSN
2935:OCLC
2911:OCLC
2887:OCLC
2877:ISBN
2842:2024
2814:2024
2805:Time
2784:2024
2756:2024
2728:2024
2700:2024
2692:Time
2659:2024
2479:2016
2433:2024
2283:2024
962:and
937:and
786:and
644:Sir
498:and
409:and
354:, a
243:GCMG
153:Unit
143:Rank
85:Died
61:Born
56:Jack
2956:doi
1340:doi
1168:by
1116:in
1009:in
1005:or
1001:at
719:in
676:at
568:at
545:at
447:in
417:to
350:at
312:.
304:in
272:at
250:MVO
236:GCB
25:Sir
3121::
3032:.
3005:.
2978:.
2970:.
2962:.
2952:15
2950:.
2925:;
2901:;
2885:.
2830:.
2802:.
2772:.
2744:.
2716:.
2689:.
2647:.
2627:.
2607:.
2587:.
2567:.
2547:.
2527:.
2507:.
2421:.
2398:^
2386:.
2366:.
2355:^
2343:.
2323:.
2271:.
2258:^
2210:.
2094:.
2083:^
2071:.
2051:.
2019:.
1939:.
1883:.
1872:^
1860:.
1849:^
1825:.
1802:^
1790:.
1770:.
1759:^
1747:.
1700:.
1689:^
1674:^
1638:.
1618:.
1607:^
1592:^
1580:.
1548:.
1528:.
1496:.
1485:^
1434:^
1410:.
1399:^
1384:^
1316:^
1172:,
1104:fr
1017:.
981:.
877:'
754:,
680:.
640:,
494:,
490:,
486:,
455:,
394:,
339:,
265:.
233:,
76:,
43:c.
3085::
3040:.
3013:.
2986:.
2958::
2941:.
2917:.
2893:.
2844:.
2816:.
2702:.
2481:.
1346:.
1342::
69:)
65:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
