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522:, holding that under the US Constitution a modicum of merit precluded its condemnation as obscene. In fact, the novel is now regarded as a "stylistic tour de force" and as a participant in the "making legible the bourgeois remapping of certain categories constitutive of 'woman', and then exposing that remapping as ludicrous" (Gautier x). It has an exceptionally lively style, contains profoundly playful and ironic questions about womanhood, and has a satirical exposition of love as commerce and pleasure as wealth.
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558:, "It's no coincidence that they simultaneously produced the only two explicit accounts of male same-sex desire in English before the nineteenth century, published just a month apart in 1759." That may, however, simply reflect Cleland's knowledge of his friend's research and the opportunity to use it in a novel that had a rare explicitness for the time.
537:
are written by a man from the point of view of a woman, and the fact that Fanny is obsessed by phallic size, have led some critics to suggest it is a homoerotic work. That aspect of the novel, as well as
Cleland's presumed offence at Westminster School, lack of intimate friends and unmarried status,
444:
while in Bombay, that he had written it for a dare, to show a friend it was possible to write about prostitution without using "vulgar" terms. At the time, Boswell reported that
Cleland was a "fine, sly malcontent". Later, he would visit Cleland again and discover him living alone, shunned by all,
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The
Surprises of Love: Exemplified in the Romance of a Day or an Adventure in Greenwich-Park Last Easter, The Romance of a Night or a Covent-Garden-Adventure, The Romance of a Morning or The Chance of a Sport, The Romance of an Evening or Who would have thought
422:
None of
Cleland's literary works provided him with a comfortable living and he was typically bitter about this. He publicly denounced his mother before her death in 1763 for not supporting him. Additionally, he exhibited a religious tendency toward
398:
The text probably existed in manuscript for a number of years before
Cleland developed it for publication. The novel was published in two instalments, in November 1748 and February 1749. In March of that year, he was released from prison.
553:
also contains a scene where Fanny (to her disgust) comes across two teenage boys fornicating. The friendship of
Cleland and Cannon was "volatile, verging on murderous", but in the opinion of Gladfelder, who rediscovered the
406:
In court, Cleland disavowed the novel and said that he could only "wish, from my Soul", that the book be "buried and forgot" (Sabor). The book was then officially withdrawn and not
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on the other. Furthermore, the novel's geography and topicality make a Bombay composition less likely than a Fleet Prison one. It is possible, of course, that a
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version of the book, but it too was proscribed. Eventually, the prosecution against
Cleland was dropped and the expurgated edition continued to sell legally.
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remained suppressed in an unexpurgated form until 1970 in the United
Kingdom. However, in 1966 it became the subject of a US Supreme Court judgment
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novel without vulgarity was written by
Cleland in Bombay and then rewritten in Fleet Prison as a newly engaged and politically sophisticated novel.
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published again for over a hundred years. However, it continued to sell well in pirated editions. In March 1750, Cleland produced a highly
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was written is difficult. For one thing, the novel has allusions to other novels that were written and published the same year (including
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1193:
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956:
Hal
Gladfelder (2007). "In Search of Lost Texts: Thomas Cannon's 'Ancient and Modern Pederasty Investigated and Exemplified."
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830:
707:
Stern, Simon (17 June 2015). "Fanny Hill and the 'Laws of Decency': Investigating Obscenity in the Mid-Eighteenth Century".
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was published, referring to the author as John Cleland. It suggests 17th century language, but should be considered an
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A Book Named "John Cleland's Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure" v. Attorney General of Massachusetts
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However, Cleland was arrested again in November 1749, along with the publishers and printer of
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Closeted writing and lesbian and gay literature: classical, early modern, eighteenth-century
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546:(1749), the earliest surviving published defence of homosexuality in English (Gladfelder).
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have aided conjecture that he was homosexual, as has his bitter falling out with friend
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840 debt (equivalent to a purchasing power of about £100,000 in 2005) and committed to
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When Flesh Becomes Word: An Anthology of Early Eighteenth-Century Libertine Literature
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in 1781 said, after meeting him, that it was "no wonder" that he was thought to be a "
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361:, baptised – 23 January 1789) was an English novelist best known for his fictional
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Perilous enlightenment: pre- and post-modern discourses : sexual, historical
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Peter Sabor (2004). "John Cleland" in H. C. G. Matthew and Brian Harrison, eds.
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John Cleland began courting the Portuguese in a vain attempt to reestablish the
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The Memoirs of Maria Brown (Genuine Memoirs of the celebrated Miss Maria Brown)
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Other philological works, poetry, translations, periodical reviews and letters
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The fact that the passionate descriptions of copulatory acts in
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Fanny Hill in Bombay: The Making and Unmaking of John Cleland
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Fanny Hill in Bombay: The Making and Unmaking of John Cleland
745:, critical ed. by Peter Sabor, Oxford University Press, 1985.
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Ancient and Modern Pederasty Investigated and Exemplify'd
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Celtic Linguistics, 1700–1850: The antiquities of nations
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with an "ancient and ugly woman" as his sole servant.
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The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen: Black Dossier
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that branded him as a heretic. Meanwhile he accused
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649:The Way to Things by Words, and to Words by Things
364:Fanny Hill: or, the Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure
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951:Fanny Hill or, Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure.
577:Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure, or, Fanny Hill
1229:People educated at Westminster School, London
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809:, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2012, p. 9.
440:In 1772, he told Boswell that he had written
911:, Manchester University Press, p. 147,
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60:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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1234:British East India Company civil servants
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219:Learn how and when to remove this message
117:Learn how and when to remove this message
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949:Gary Gautier (2001). "Introduction".
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609:Tombo-Chiqui, or, The American Savage
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825:. Taylor & Francis. p. 22.
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685:(Oxford, UK: OUP, 2004), p. xxiii.
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248:to comply with Knowledge's
16:English novelist, (d. 1789)
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966:(1965). "Introduction".
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615:The Surprises of Love
431:of "pornography" for
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19:For other uses, see
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628:The Woman of Honour
787:on 8 November 2015
590:Dictionary of Love
344:Westminster School
335:soldier and writer
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964:J. H. Plumb
791:21 November
459:Westminster
412:bowdlerised
404:Fanny Hill.
359: 1709
99:introducing
1178:Categories
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1023:Fanny Hill
869:"Epilogue"
861:References
570:Fanny Hill
551:Fanny Hill
535:Fanny Hill
527:Fanny Hill
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442:Fanny Hill
418:Later life
377:Fanny Hill
332:Occupation
179:newspapers
82:references
46:improve it
663:imitation
657:In 1969,
622:it ?
473:and after
259:talk page
209:June 2018
107:July 2015
52:talk page
1010:LibriVox
451:sodomite
1144:Related
1106:Paprika
999:at the
717:2619825
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408:legally
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