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initiative. But it was upon Toll's boundless audacity that Gustav chiefly relied. Thus as Gustav, under the pressure of circumstances, inclined more and more towards absolutism, it was upon Toll that he principally leant. In 1783, Toll was placed at the head of the secret "Commission of
National Defence " which ruled Sweden during the king's absence abroad without the privity of the Council. It was he who persuaded the king to summon the
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Hellichius. He reached Kristianstad on 21 June and managed to first win over Hellichius, and, six weeks later on 12 August, the rest of the garrison. Toll arrested the few officers who proved recalcitrant; taking possession of the records and military chest, and then closing the gates to the "Cap" high commissioner who had been warned by the English minister,
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as well as diplomatically prepared, but this was far from being the case. Nevertheless, when the inevitable first disasters happened, Toll was, most unjustly, made a scapegoat, but the later successes of the war were largely due to his care and diligence as commissary-general. After the death of Gustav III Toll was for a short time war minister and
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Toll was initiated from the first. In 1786 he had already risen to the rank of major-general and was Gustav's principal adjutant. It was against Toll's advice, however, that Gustav, in 1788, began the war with Russia. Toll had always insisted that, in such a contingency, Sweden should be militarily
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with twenty-two pounds of silver with which to bribe the garrison and have them revolt in the name of the king. He had no credentials, and the little that was known about him locally was not to his credit. In the fortress garrison itself there was but one man known to be a royalist, namely, Captain
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Toll was liberally rewarded and more and more frequently employed as his genius as an administrator and his blameless integrity came to light. His reforms in the commissariat department were epoch-making, and the superior mobility of the
Swedish forces under Gustav III was due entirely to his
371:, one of the main instigators of the plot, declaring that someone uninitiated into the scheme who seemingly knew of their plans must either "be killed or bribed". Toll was assigned by far one of the more difficult part of the enterprise - to secure the important southern fortress of
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by threatening to reveal the names of all the persons suspected of complicity in the murder of the late king. Subsequently he displayed great diplomatic adroitness in his negotiations with the powers concerning Sweden's participation in the war against
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of 1771-1772 the "Cap" faction, which were the dominant one at the time, deprived him of his position as ranger, and Toll, guessing that the king was preparing a revolution, almost forced his services on the conspirators.
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459:. The fortress was compelled to surrender on 20 August by Marshal Brune, whereupon the Swedish army of 13,000 men, which had retired to
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over his shoulder with the Star of the Order on his chest. Around his neck he wears a
Commander's Cross for the
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of 1786, which, however, he failed to control, and in all Gustav's plans for forcing on a war with
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origin, which can be traced back to the 13th century. They migrated to the
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426:attained his majority. At the Riksdag at
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237:Years of service
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530:Bain, Robert Nisbet
352:Kristianstad County
453:Franco-Swedish War
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396:Politician
390:Gustav III
377:Gustav III
208:Allegiance
173:1743-02-01
159:Birth name
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