3416:
and departure of strangers, make the total number of those present in the city from ten to fifteen thousand generally, according to the season of the year. The proportion which the numbers of those of different sects bear to each other in this estimate, was not so easily ascertained. The answers which I received to enquiries on this point, were framed differently by the professors of every different faith. Each of these seemed anxious to magnify the number of those who believed his own dogmas, and to diminish that of the professors of other creeds. Their accounts were therefore so discordant, that no reliance could be placed on the accuracy of any of them. The
Mohammedans are certainly the most numerous, and these consist of nearly equal portions of Osmanli Turks, from Asia Minor; descendents of pure Turks by blood, but Arabians by birth; a mixture of Turkish and Arab blood, by intermarriages; and pure Syrian Arabs, of an unmixed race. Of Europeans, there are only the few monks of the Catholic convent, and the still fewer Latin pilgrims who occasionally visit them. The Greeks are the most numerous of ail the Christians, and these are chiefly the clergy and devotees. The Armenians follow next in order, as to numbers, but their body is thought to exceed that of the Greeks in influence and in wealth. The inferior sects of Copts, Abyssinians, Syrians, Nestorians, Maronites, Chaldeans, &c. are scarcely perceptible in the crowd. And even the Jews are more remarkable from the striking peculiarity of their features and dress, than from their numbers, as contrasted with the other bodies.
123:
30:
57:
1191:
65:
2870:
prior to 1967. Demographic data from 1967 to 2012 showed continues growth of Arab population, both in relative and absolute numbers, and the declining of Jewish population share in the overall population of the city. In 1967, Jews were 73.4% of city population, while in 2010 the Jewish population shrank to 64%. In the same period the Arab population increased from 26,5% in 1967 to 36% in 2010. In 1999, the Jewish
3052:"According to Levine, because the new area encompassed by the Third Wall was not densely populated, assuming that it contained half the population of the rest of the city, there were between 60,000 and 70,000 people living in Jerusalem.", Rocca, "Herod's Judaea: A Mediterranean State in the Classical World", p. 333 (2008). Mohr Siebeck.
2878:
rate. That year, the city's birth rate was placed at 4.2 children for Jewish mothers, compared with 3.9 children for Arab mothers. In addition, 2,250 Jewish immigrants from abroad settled in
Jerusalem. The Jewish fertility rate is believed to be still currently increasing, while the Arab fertility rate remains on the decline.
849:. New Testament scholar Cousland notes that "recent estimates of the population of Jerusalem suggest something in the neighbourhood of a hundred thousand". A minimalist view is taken by Hillel Geva, who estimates from archaeological evidence that the population of Jerusalem before its 70 CE destruction was at most 20,000.
2107:
volume which covered the region noted that "The number of the Jews has of late increased at the rate of 1,000 to 1,500 per annum. Since 1875 the population of
Jerusalem has rapidly increased. The number of Jews is now estimated at 15,000 to 20,000, and the population, including the inhabitants of the
828:
estimated that there were as many as 1,100,000 who were killed in the war—though this number included people who did not belong to the city itself. Josephus also wrote that 97,000 Jews were sold as slaves. After the Roman victory over the Jews, as many as 115,880 dead bodies were carried out through
752:
Jerusalem's long history of conquests by competing and different powers has resulted in different groups living in the city many of whom have never fully identified or assimilated with a particular power, despite the length of their rule. Though they may have been citizens of that particular kingdom
3731:
Die
Gesammtzahl der Juden in der heiligen Stadt ist nach amtlicher Erhebung 5,700 Seelen; sie stellt somit den dritten Theil der Gesammtbevölkerung dar, welche 18,000 Seelen umfaßt, und überragt die christliche um das Doppelte. Jerusalem zählt 3000 Christen, darunter 1000 Lateiner und 2000 Griechen
3415:
During our stay here, I made the most accurate estimate that my means of information admitted, of the actual population of
Jerusalem at the present moment. From this it appeared that the fixed residents, more than one half of whom are Mohammedans, are about eight thousand; but the continual arrival
2877:
Between 1999 and 2010, the demographic trends reversed themselves, with the Jewish fertility rate increasing and the Arab rate decreasing. In addition, the number of Jewish immigrants from abroad choosing to settle in
Jerusalem steadily increased. By 2010, there was a higher Jewish than Arab growth
2869:
These official
Israeli statistics refer to the expanded Israel municipality of Jerusalem. This includes not only the area of the pre-1967 Israeli and Jordanian municipalities, but also outlying Palestinian villages and neighbourhoods east of the city, which were not part of Jordanian East Jerusalem
1401:
agent in London afford me any information so late as Nov. 1840." In 1843, Reverend F.C. Ewald, a
Christian traveler visiting Jerusalem, reported an influx of 150 Jews from Algiers. He wrote that there were now a large number of Jews from the coast of Africa who were forming a separate congregation.
3178:
The registers give counts of tax-paying households, bachelors, religious men, and disabled men. These figures show the estimated total population, following Cohen and Lewis by taking 6 as the average household size, which they call "conjectural" and note that other scholars have suggested averages
3505:
The beginning of construction outside the
Jerusalem Old City in the mid-19th century was linked to the changing relations between the Ottoman government and the European powers. After the Crimean War, various rights and privileges were extended to non-Muslims who now enjoyed greater tolerance and
1400:
for every name returned. It is therefore obvious that they here had as strong a motive to exaggerate their number, as they often have in other circumstances to underrate it. Besides, this number of 7000 rests merely on report; Sir Moses himself has published nothing on the subject; nor could his
90:
until the mid-19th century. Between 1838 and 1876, a number of estimates exist which conflict as to whether Jews or
Muslims were the largest group during this period, and between 1882 and 1922 estimates conflict as to exactly when Jews became a majority of the population.
786:, with an emphasis on the Jewish population. Readers should be aware that the boundaries of Jerusalem have changed many times over the years and that Jerusalem may also refer to a district or even a subdistrict under Ottoman, British, or Israeli administration, see e.g.
3534:. These complexes were all built by foreigners, with funds from abroad, as semi-autonomous compounds encompassed by walls and with gates that were closed at night. Their appearance was European, and they stood out against the Middle-Eastern-style buildings of Palestine.
3431:, July 1824, page 220. Mendon Association, 1824. (The figures are preceded by the comment "the following estimate seems to us as probably correct as any one we have heard". The authors also note that, "some think the Jews more numerous than the Mussulmans.")
3506:
more security of life and property. All of this directly influenced the expansion of Jerusalem beyond the city walls. From the mid-1850s to the early 1860s, several new buildings rose outside the walls, among them the mission house of the English consul,
761:
were given the authority to govern themselves within the framework of the broader system, allowed these groups to retain autonomy and remain separate from other religious and national groups. Some Palestinian residents of the city prefer to use the term
4261:"Second Memorandum: historical survey of the Jewish population in Palestine from the fall of the Jewish state to the beginning of zionist pioneering; Presented to the United Nations in 1947 by Vaad Leumi on Behalf of the Creation of a Jewish State"
4283:"Third Memorandum: historical survey of the waves of Jewish immigration into Palestine from the arab conquest to the first zionist pioneers; Presented to the United Nations in 1947 by Vaad Leumi on Behalf of the Creation of a Jewish State"
3214:
The population is said to be twelve thousand, of which the largest proportion is Mussulmen: the greatest of one sect are Jews: the rest are composed of Christians of the East, belonging either to the Armenian, Greek, Latin, or Coptish
1182:
Henry Light, who visited Jerusalem in 1814, reported that Muslims comprised the largest portion of the 12,000-person population, but that Jews made the greatest single sect. In 1818, Robert Richardson, family doctor to the
4239:"First Memorandum: historical survey of the waves of the number and density of the population of ancient Palestine; Presented to the United Nations in 1947 by Vaad Leumi on Behalf of the Creation of a Jewish State"
836:
in 70 (CE) are variously 70,398 by Wilkinson in 1974, 80,000 by Broshi in 1978, and 60,000–70,000 by Levine in 2002. According to Josephus, the populations of adult male scholarly sects were as follows: over 6,000
3230:
Travels Along the Mediterranean and Parts Adjacent: In Company with the Earl of Belmore, During the Years 1816-17-18: Extending as Far as the Second Cataract of the Nile, Jerusalem, Damascus, Balbec, &c.
3732:
und Armenier. Von den Juden sind 1700 österreichische Unterthanen und in Schuß Genommene, während Desterreich nur 100 christliche Unterthanen, alle Secten zusammengenommen, in der heiligen Stadt zählt.
2123:
for several years, they moved to the hills facing the City of David, where they lived in caves. In 1884, the community, numbering 200, moved to new stone houses built for them by a Jewish charity.
4481:
4371:
3002:...the number of those that perished during the whole siege eleven hundred thousand, the greater part of whom were indeed of the same nation , but not belonging to the city itself...
860:, a 10th-century native of Jerusalem writing prior to the crusades, reports that "everywhere the Christians and Jews have the upper hand and the mosque is void of congregation".
3864:
Die heilige Stadt und deren Bewohner in ihren naturhistorischen, culturgeschichtlichen, socialen und medicinischen Verhältnissen. Published by Der Verfasser, page 216; 512 pages
714:
3531:
576:
78:
Most population data pre-1905 is based on estimates, often from foreign travellers or organisations, since previous census data usually covered wider areas such as the
4486:
UNISPAL. Division for Palestinian Rights. Prepared for, and under the guidance of, the Committee on the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People
753:
and empire and involved with civic activities and duties, these groups often saw themselves as distinct national groups (see Armenians, for example). The Ottoman
4454:
94:
In 2020, the population was 951,100, of which Jews comprised 570,100 (59.9%), Muslims 353.800 (37.2%), Christians 16.300 (1.7%), and 10,800 unclassified (1.1%).
3410:
Travels in Palestine through the countries of Bashan and Gilead, east of the River Jordan, including a visit to the cities of Geraza and Gamala in the Decapolis
2874:
was 3.8 children per woman, while the Palestinian rate was 4.4. This led to concerns that Arabs would eventually become a majority of the city's population.
4037:. Volume IX. Jan–Jun, 1894. Albert Shaw, Editor. Page 98. "The present population of Jerusalem is not far from forty thousand, and more than half are Jews."
205:
195:
3789:. Edinburgh: William Oliphant and Company. 1871. Page 126: 'It is difficult to obtain a correct estimate of the number of inhabitants of Jerusalem...'
3190:
4489:
4379:
4312:
4577:
122:
4433:
1392:
noted the conflicting demographic estimates regarding Jerusalem during the period, stating in reference to an 1839 estimate attributed to the
3762:: Gold's source: "Report on the Commerce of Jerusalem in the Year 1863", May 1864, in the National Archives (UK), Foreign Office (FO) 195/808
3635:
Bibliographica geographica Palaestinae: Zunächst kritische uebersicht gedruckter und ungedruckter beschreibungen der reisen ins Heilige Land
664:
1409:
2892:
2134:. Prior to this, a British survey in 1919 noted that most Jews in Jerusalem were largely Orthodox and that a minority were Zionists.
165:
3585:
2991:
4282:
4260:
4238:
4127:
2792:
4395:
3586:
Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: a journal of travels in the year 1838, Volume 2, 1841, page 85
3804:
1184:
4019:
3992:
3919:
3755:
503:
248:
185:
4148:
4587:
2887:
1381:
Between 1838 and 1876, conflicting estimates exist regarding whether Muslims or Jews constituted a "relative majority" (or
252:
4341:
4200:
790:. Thus, year-to-year comparisons may not be valid due to the varying geographic areas covered by the population censuses.
3014:
529:
3073:
2318:
710:
690:
4461:
749:
populations and claim the importance of Jerusalem to their faith as their reason for moving to and being in the city.
4425:
4058:
3560:
3498:
3354:
3297:
3171:
3843:, p. 486, Table 1 (families): Figures multiplied by 6 to estimate population, following Cohen and Lewis p.14-15
327:
4572:
4120:
2933:
698:
677:
Jerusalemites are of varied national, ethnic and religious denominations and include European, Asian and African
657:
3550:
1851:
1439:
to Palestine more than doubled, with the majority settling in Jerusalem. The majority of these immigrants were
435:
322:
3442:
3390:
Letters from Palestine: Description of a Tour Through Galilee and Judea. To which are Added Letters from Egypt
3248:
A Scripture Gazetteer; or, geographical and historical dictionary of places and people, mentioned in the Bible
4582:
4567:
3130:
2902:
694:
631:
471:
4506:
3616:
3515:
1425:
430:
425:
17:
4346:
3408:
3703:
1626:
371:
294:
289:
284:
3597:
3188:
4357:
4323:
833:
817:
650:
317:
304:
299:
225:
4304:
3581:
3477:
Sephardi entrepreneurs in Jerusalem: the Valero family 1800–1948 By Joseph B. Glass, Ruth Kark. p.174
1497:
1389:
571:
539:
347:
342:
337:
332:
4437:
4452:
1748:
804:
636:
566:
498:
493:
155:
4313:"Table III/14 – Population of Jerusalem, by Age, Quarter, Sub-Quarter, and Statistical Area, 2003"
3876:
4278:
4256:
4234:
3527:
3088:
2201:
2104:
1524:
1429:
1396:: "As to the Jews, the enumeration in question was made out by themselves, in the expectation of
754:
420:
3936:
1273:
726:
722:
626:
606:
445:
29:
3852:
3371:
3246:
3228:
3207:
3063:
2976:
1364:
3982:
3488:
3404:
3034:
Wilkinson, "Ancient Jerusalem, Its Water Supply and Population", PEFQS 106, pp. 33–51 (1974).
1318:
1243:
621:
141:
4048:
3961:
820:(66–73 CE), the population of Jerusalem was estimated at 600,000 persons by Roman historian
4074:
2897:
2871:
2120:
616:
534:
389:
357:
135:
8:
3911:
2131:
2126:
The Jewish population of Jerusalem, as for wider Palestine, increased further during the
1421:
601:
521:
352:
235:
4546:
4538:
4179:
3799:
1382:
787:
746:
686:
596:
544:
488:
455:
215:
106:
79:
4289:
4267:
4245:
4550:
4421:
4405:
4054:
4015:
3988:
3915:
3751:
3556:
3494:
3350:
3293:
3167:
3069:
799:
611:
508:
2950:
1432:
marking the beginning of permanent settlement outside the Jerusalem Old City walls.
4530:
3523:
1413:
1393:
403:
175:
3893:. Brill's series in Jewish Studies, vol 17. Brill Academic Publishers. p. 53.
3693:
Wolff, Press, "The Jewish Yishuv", pp 427-433, as quotes in Kark and Oren-Nordheim
4400:
4155:
4009:
3905:
3787:
Eastern Sketches – notes of scenery, schools and tent life in Syria and Palestine
3745:
3724:
3633:
3443:"Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal ..."
3388:
3344:
3287:
3264:"A Brief Account of the Countries Adjoining the Lake of Tiberias, the Jordan ..."
3263:
3194:
2921:
718:
450:
3043:
Estimating the Population of Ancient Jerusalem, Magen Broshi, BAR 4:02, Jun 1978
4372:"International Conference on the Question of Palestine—The Status of Jerusalem"
4207:
3465:
3283:
1444:
1440:
758:
384:
379:
4534:
3209:
Travels in Egypt, Nubia, Holy Land, Mount Libanon and Cyprus, in the year 1814
3110:
Hillel Geva (2013). "Jerusalem's Population in Antiquity: A Minimalist View".
2934:
https://jerusaleminstitute.org.il/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/shnaton_C0922.pdf
4561:
3704:"Histoire de la rivalité et du protectorat des églises chrétiennes en Orient"
3511:
2005:
1417:
702:
556:
551:
56:
4453:
Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs (2002).
4180:"Is Jerusalem Being "Judaized"? | Jerusalem Center For Public Affairs"
3519:
2127:
2116:
779:
682:
415:
408:
394:
3834:
1187:, estimated the number of Jews to be 10,000, twice the number of Muslims.
3819:
3164:
Population and Revenue in the Towns of Palestine in the Sixteenth Century
1405:
738:
75:
size and composition has shifted many times over its 5,000 year history.
3490:
Jerusalem and Its Environs: Quarters, Neighborhoods, Villages, 1800–1948
3346:
Jerusalem and its environs: quarters, neighborhoods, villages, 1800–1948
4521:
Scholch, Alexander (1985). "The Demographic Development of Palestine".
4363:
4201:"Press release : Population : End of 2011 (provisional data)"
3507:
927:
857:
33:
Demographic history of Jerusalem by religion, based on available data
4542:
3340:
3100:
Cousland, "The Crowds in the Gospel of Matthew", p. 60 (2002). Brill.
846:
838:
783:
730:
706:
114:
87:
4050:
Ottoman Palestine, 1800–1914: Studies in Economic and Social History
3673:
2922:
Ottoman Palestine, 1800–1914: Studies in Economic and Social History
3810:, Pangloss Press, 1988, page 524 which reports the figure as 3,100.
1247:
825:
561:
83:
832:
Modern estimates of Jerusalem's population during the final Roman
3244:
2035:
1448:
1397:
1376:
1190:
842:
821:
742:
440:
398:
64:
4347:
Jerusalem: Jewish, Muslim, and Christian Population (1910–2000)
3493:. Wayne State University Press. pp. 74, table on p.82–86.
1436:
1138:
1111:
1084:
1057:
4376:
United Nations Information System on the Question of Palestine
3984:
The Global History of the Balfour Declaration: Declared Nation
3161:
2997:
2112:
734:
3966:
3962:"Behind the lens of Hannah and Efraim Degani – part 7"
2115:
as a result of messianic fervor, in the phase known as the
1195:
678:
3145:
Avraham Yaari, Igrot Eretz Yisrael, p. 98.(Tel Aviv, 1943)
2064:
British consul in Jerusalem report to the House of Commons
1652:
Moses Montefiore census, showing number of Jewish families
3853:
Parliamentary Papers, House of Commons and Command (1874)
3619:, 1850, p.273, originally published in Hebrew in 1845 as
3891:
The road to redemption: the Jews of the Yemen, 1900–1950
2098:
1625:
Official Ottoman census obtained by the Prussian consul
4420:
Runciman, Steven (1980). The First Crusade. Cambridge.
4277:
4255:
4233:
1177:
3654:
3642:
3552:
Perpetual Dilemma: Jewish Religion in the Jewish State
3335:
3333:
3331:
3329:
4342:
Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics information page
3831:
Hebrew Christian Mutual Aid Society. Almanack of 1869
3480:
3327:
3325:
3323:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3315:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3261:
2108:
new suburbs, reaches a total of about 40,000 souls."
3822:. Help-Book for Travelers to The East. 1870. Page 75
3722:
773:
82:. These estimates suggest that since the end of the
3510:, in what came to be known as Abraham's Vineyard (
3306:
3166:. Princeton University Press. pp. 14–15, 94.
60:Arab and Jew at Arab bazaar, Old City of Jerusalem
3548:
3486:
3339:
829:one gate between the months of Nisan and Tammuz.
4559:
3617:A Descriptive and Historical Sketch of Palestine
3413:. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown.
3289:Governing Jerusalem: Again on the world's agenda
4007:
3440:
3135:. Palestine Pilgrim's Text Society. p. 37.
2978:The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Ancient Israel
4479:
4431:
4369:
3427:Fisk and King, 'Description of Jerusalem,' in
3220:
1410:expansion of Jerusalem outside of the Old City
4354:Christians And Jews In The Ottoman Arab World
4046:
3888:
3292:. Wayne State University Press. p. 121.
1164:Van Egmont & Heyman, Christian travellers
658:
4523:International Journal of Middle East Studies
4310:
3631:
3349:. Wayne State University Press. p. 28.
3729:. Nies'sche Buchdruckerei (Carl B. Lorch).
3380:
3109:
2946:
2944:
2942:
808:) is estimated at between 1,500 and 2,750.
4504:
4301:A Social and Religious History of the Jews
3544:
3542:
3487:Kark, Ruth; Oren-Nordheim, Michal (2001).
3403:
3363:
3282:
3276:
3245:John Griffith Mansford (M.R.C.S.) (1829).
3226:
665:
651:
3199:
3132:Description of Syria: Including Palestine
3128:
2893:Demographic history of Palestine (region)
2111:In 1881–82, a group of Jews arrived from
4149:"Jerusalem : Facts and Trends 2012"
4115:
3157:
3155:
3153:
3151:
3065:Sects and Sectarianism in Jewish History
2939:
2863:Jerusalem Institute for Policy Research
2840:Jerusalem Institute for Policy Research
2817:Jerusalem Institute for Policy Research
1189:
63:
55:
28:
4520:
4128:Jerusalem Institute for Policy Research
4113:
4111:
4109:
4107:
4105:
4103:
4101:
4099:
4097:
4095:
3981:Rhett, Maryanne A. (19 November 2015).
3934:
3840:
3660:
3648:
3539:
3386:
2793:Jerusalem Institute for Policy Research
2295:Calendar of Palestine for the year 5656
1698:Official census (only Ottoman citizens)
1412:began, with institutions including the
14:
4578:Demographics of the State of Palestine
4560:
3872:
3870:
3471:
3369:
3162:Amnon Cohen and Bernard Lewis (1978).
3129:Muqaddasī, Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad (1886).
2996:. VI. Translated by Whiston, William.
2421:
1980:Liévin de Hamme, Franciscan missionary
1388:Writing in 1841, the biblical scholar
86:, Muslims formed the largest group in
4434:"Jerusalem Illustrated History Atlas"
3980:
3882:
3205:
3148:
3061:
2961:
2099:Jews as absolute or relative majority
68:Jewish Orthodox children in Jerusalem
4092:
3903:
3897:
3743:
3262:Ulrich Jasper Seetzen (2007-09-27).
3103:
3017:. JewishEncyclopedia.com. 1903-11-15
2989:
2924:, Gad G. Gilbar, Brill Archive, 1990
2888:Demographics of Jerusalem by quarter
2769:Israel Central Bureau of Statistics
2746:Israel Central Bureau of Statistics
2723:Israel Central Bureau of Statistics
1674:Dr. Ascher, Anglo-Jewish Association
1377:Muslim or Jewish "relative majority"
1010:
811:
253:Israeli annexation of East Jerusalem
4121:"Statistical Yearbook of Jerusalem"
3959:
3953:
3867:
3750:. Regnery publishing. p. 120.
3462:Jerusalem Illustrated History Altas
3212:. Rodwell and Martin. p. 178.
1956:Hebrew Christian Mutual Aid Society
798:The population of Jerusalem during
24:
4364:Population of Jerusalem until 1945
3555:. Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press.
1404:From the mid-1850s, following the
1398:receiving a certain amount of alms
757:system, whereby minorities in the
25:
4599:
4320:Statistical Yearbook of Jerusalem
2927:
793:
778:The tables below provide data on
774:Historical population by religion
737:. Many of these groups were once
4404:. April 16, 2001. Archived from
3907:The Jews of the Yemen, 1800–1914
3806:; See also I. Harold Scharfman,
3549:S. Zalman Abramov (1918-05-13).
3343:; Oren-Nordheim, Michal (2001).
745:that have over time become near-
121:
4349:at israelipalestinianprocon.org
4227:
4193:
4172:
4141:
4067:
4040:
4028:
4001:
3974:
3928:
3858:
3846:
3825:
3813:
3792:
3779:
3767:
3737:
3716:
3696:
3687:
3666:
3625:
3610:
3590:
3575:
3455:
3434:
3421:
3397:
3373:Journal of a Tour in the Levant
3255:
3238:
3182:
3139:
3122:
3094:
3082:
3055:
3046:
3037:
3028:
3007:
2983:
2970:
2955:
2914:
2444:Proportion of Jewish residents
1907:Ellen-Clare Miller, Missionary
852:
13:
1:
4455:"Jerusalem: Special Bulletin"
4053:. Brill Archive. p. 35.
3960:Man, Nadav (9 January 2010).
3935:Wisemon, Tamar (2008-02-28).
3879:, Volume III: Judea, page 163
3723:Ludwig August Frankl (1858).
3376:. John Murray. pp. 264–.
2908:
2903:List of people from Jerusalem
2367:Census of Palestine (British)
2344:Census of Palestine (British)
2229:Kark and Oren-Nordheim, 2001
2181:Kark and Oren-Nordheim, 2001
2092:Kark and Oren-Nordheim, 2001
2039:(official annals) for 1871–72
2011:Kark and Oren-Nordheim, 2001
1983:Kark and Oren-Nordheim, 2001
1857:Kark and Oren-Nordheim, 2001
1804:Kark and Oren-Nordheim, 2001
1779:Kark and Oren-Nordheim, 2001
1754:Kark and Oren-Nordheim, 2001
1701:Kark and Oren-Nordheim, 2001
1578:Kark and Oren-Nordheim, 2001
1370:Kark and Oren-Nordheim, 2001
1278:Kark and Oren-Nordheim, 2001
1172:
4436:. p. 35. Archived from
4366:(Table 10) at mideastweb.org
3937:"Streetwise: Yemenite steps"
1723:César Famin, French diplomat
1575:Titus Tobler, Swiss explorer
431:Church of the Holy Sepulchre
7:
4588:Demographic history by city
3877:Survey of Western Palestine
3598:"Jerusalem, eine Vorlesung"
3532:Schneller Orphanage complex
3468:, Jerusalem 1830–1850, p.37
3387:Joliffe, Thomas R. (1822).
3227:Richardson, Robert (1822).
3062:Stern, Sacha (2011-04-21).
2881:
97:
10:
4604:
4358:Cambridge University Press
4311:Maya Choshen, ed. (2004).
4206:. Jiis.gov. Archived from
4154:. Jiis.gov. Archived from
3726:Nach Jerusalem!: Palästina
1178:Muslim "relative majority"
770:as a Palestinian demonym.
4535:10.1017/s0020743800029445
4482:"The Status of Jerusalem"
4305:Columbia University Press
4014:. Black Swan. p. 9.
3234:T. Cadell. pp. 256–.
2393:Harrel and Stendel, 1974
2370:Harrel and Stendel, 1974
2347:Harrel and Stendel, 1974
2298:Harrel and Stendel, 1974
2130:of 1919–23 following the
4008:Gilbert, Martin (2008).
3773:Mark Twain, Chapter 52,
3676:. Montefiorecensuses.org
3441:Edward Robinson (1841).
3370:Turner, William (1820).
3000:. Chapter 9; Section 3.
2920:Usiel Oskar Schmelz, in
2206:PEF Survey of Palestine
2042:Alexander Scholch, 1985
1749:Ludwig August von Frankl
1632:Alexander Scholch, 1985
1603:Alexander Scholch, 1985
504:Greek Orthodox Patriarch
4480:United Nations (1997).
4432:Martin Gilbert (1987).
4370:United Nations (1983).
4279:Jewish National Council
4257:Jewish National Council
4235:Jewish National Council
4075:"1922 Palestine Census"
3747:The Fight For Jerusalem
3516:Protestant school built
3089:Antiquities of the Jews
2962:Hecht, Richard (2000).
2700:Jerusalem Municipality
2677:Jerusalem Municipality
2654:Jerusalem Municipality
2631:Jerusalem Municipality
2608:Jerusalem Municipality
2585:Jerusalem Municipality
2562:Jerusalem Municipality
2539:Jerusalem Municipality
2516:Jerusalem Municipality
2493:Jerusalem Municipality
2470:Jerusalem Municipality
2321:(only Ottoman citizens)
2202:PEF Survey of Palestine
2105:PEF Survey of Palestine
2103:Published in 1883, the
1629:, showing male subjects
1600:French consul estimates
1435:Between 1856 and 1880,
1194:Arab boys at Jerusalem
4573:Demographics of Israel
4182:. Jcpa.org. 2003-03-01
4047:Gād G. Gîlbar (1990).
3889:Tudor Parfitt (1997).
3429:The Christian Magazine
3405:Buckingham, James Silk
2119:. After living in the
1502:Edward Robinson, 1841
1342:Fisk and King, Writers
1199:
1007:* Indicates families.
818:First Jewish–Roman War
802:in Judea (province of
727:Syriac Catholic Church
723:Syriac Orthodox Church
530:Religious significance
73:Jerusalem's population
69:
61:
53:
4329:on September 24, 2009
3904:Nini, Yehuda (1991).
3674:"Montefiore Families"
3632:Titus Tobler (1867).
3206:Light, Henry (1818).
3193:May 13, 2007, at the
2252:Martin Gilbert, 2008
2067:Parliamentary Papers
1929:Rabbi H. J. Sneersohn
1319:James Silk Buckingham
1244:Ulrich Jasper Seetzen
1193:
67:
59:
32:
4583:Culture of Jerusalem
4568:History of Jerusalem
4492:on November 25, 2001
4382:on February 13, 2007
3914:. pp. 205–207.
3912:Taylor & Francis
3803:, February 19, 1869
3785:Ellen Clare Miller,
3528:Mishkenot Sha'ananim
2993:The Wars of the Jews
2898:History of Jerusalem
2872:total fertility rate
1525:Ernst-Gustav Schultz
1430:Mishkenot Sha'ananim
782:change over time in
687:Sunni Shafi'i Muslim
166:Second Temple Period
4505:Mark Twain (1867).
3744:Gold, Dore (2009).
3522:on Mount Zion; the
2990:Josephus, Flavius.
2936:Jerusalem Institute
2422:After Jerusalem Law
2319:1905 Ottoman census
2272:Albert Shaw, Writer
2132:Balfour Declaration
1801:HaCarmel periodical
1776:HaMaggid periodical
1447:, who subsisted on
1426:Bishop Gobat school
1422:Schneller Orphanage
1365:Ferdinand de Géramb
478:Demographic history
4507:"Innocents Abroad"
4467:on October 4, 2006
3800:The New York Times
1437:Jewish immigration
1200:
1139:taxation registers
1112:taxation registers
1085:taxation registers
1058:taxation registers
841:, more than 4,000
834:Siege of Jerusalem
788:Jerusalem District
456:Al-Quds University
80:Jerusalem District
70:
62:
54:
4408:on April 13, 2001
4035:Review Of Reviews
4021:978-0-552-77428-4
4011:Israel: A History
3994:978-1-317-31276-5
3921:978-3-7186-5041-5
3757:978-1-59698-102-7
2964:To Rule Jerusalem
2867:
2866:
2419:
2418:
2096:
2095:
1826:British consulate
1751:, Austrian writer
1527:, Prussian consul
1374:
1373:
1298:Thomas R. Joliffe
1253:Sharkansky, 1996
1170:
1169:
1011:Early Ottoman era
1005:
1004:
812:1st century Judea
715:Armenian Catholic
711:Armenian Orthodox
675:
674:
612:Greater Jerusalem
436:Hebrew University
279:Before Common Era
263:
262:
16:(Redirected from
4595:
4554:
4517:
4515:
4513:
4501:
4499:
4497:
4488:. Archived from
4476:
4474:
4472:
4466:
4460:. Archived from
4459:
4449:
4447:
4445:
4417:
4415:
4413:
4391:
4389:
4387:
4378:. Archived from
4338:
4336:
4334:
4328:
4322:. Archived from
4317:
4296:
4294:
4288:. Archived from
4287:
4274:
4272:
4266:. Archived from
4265:
4252:
4250:
4244:. Archived from
4243:
4222:
4221:
4219:
4218:
4212:
4205:
4197:
4191:
4190:
4188:
4187:
4176:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4166:
4160:
4153:
4145:
4139:
4138:
4136:
4134:
4125:
4117:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4085:
4071:
4065:
4064:
4044:
4038:
4032:
4026:
4025:
4005:
3999:
3998:
3978:
3972:
3971:
3957:
3951:
3950:
3948:
3947:
3932:
3926:
3925:
3901:
3895:
3894:
3886:
3880:
3874:
3865:
3862:
3856:
3850:
3844:
3838:
3832:
3829:
3823:
3817:
3811:
3796:
3790:
3783:
3777:
3775:Innocents Abroad
3771:
3765:
3764:
3741:
3735:
3734:
3720:
3714:
3713:
3711:
3710:
3700:
3694:
3691:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3681:
3670:
3664:
3658:
3652:
3646:
3640:
3639:
3629:
3623:
3614:
3608:
3607:
3605:
3604:
3594:
3588:
3579:
3573:
3572:
3570:
3569:
3546:
3537:
3536:
3530:houses: and the
3524:Russian Compound
3484:
3478:
3475:
3469:
3459:
3453:
3452:
3450:
3449:
3438:
3432:
3425:
3419:
3418:
3401:
3395:
3394:
3384:
3378:
3377:
3367:
3361:
3360:
3337:
3304:
3303:
3280:
3274:
3273:
3271:
3270:
3259:
3253:
3252:
3242:
3236:
3235:
3224:
3218:
3217:
3203:
3197:
3186:
3180:
3179:between 5 and 7.
3177:
3159:
3146:
3143:
3137:
3136:
3126:
3120:
3119:
3107:
3101:
3098:
3092:
3086:
3080:
3079:
3059:
3053:
3050:
3044:
3041:
3035:
3032:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3022:
3011:
3005:
3004:
2987:
2981:
2974:
2968:
2967:
2959:
2953:
2948:
2937:
2931:
2925:
2918:
2447:Original source
2426:
2425:
2137:
2136:
2089:Bernhard Neumann
2008:travel guidebook
1879:Innocents Abroad
1854:travel guidebook
1829:Dore Gold, 2009
1454:
1453:
1414:Russian Compound
1394:Moses Montefiore
1202:
1201:
1144:Cohen and Lewis
1117:Cohen and Lewis
1090:Cohen and Lewis
1063:Cohen and Lewis
1015:
1014:
930:, Jewish scholar
863:
862:
695:Melkite Catholic
691:Melkite Orthodox
667:
660:
653:
522:Political status
404:Dome of the Rock
176:Aelia Capitolina
152:
151:
125:
102:
101:
50:
44:
39: Christians
38:
21:
4603:
4602:
4598:
4597:
4596:
4594:
4593:
4592:
4558:
4557:
4511:
4509:
4495:
4493:
4470:
4468:
4464:
4457:
4443:
4441:
4411:
4409:
4394:
4385:
4383:
4352:Bruce Masters,
4332:
4330:
4326:
4315:
4292:
4285:
4270:
4263:
4248:
4241:
4230:
4225:
4216:
4214:
4210:
4203:
4199:
4198:
4194:
4185:
4183:
4178:
4177:
4173:
4164:
4162:
4158:
4151:
4147:
4146:
4142:
4132:
4130:
4123:
4119:
4118:
4093:
4083:
4081:
4073:
4072:
4068:
4061:
4045:
4041:
4033:
4029:
4022:
4006:
4002:
3995:
3979:
3975:
3958:
3954:
3945:
3943:
3933:
3929:
3922:
3902:
3898:
3887:
3883:
3875:
3868:
3863:
3859:
3851:
3847:
3839:
3835:
3830:
3826:
3818:
3814:
3808:The First Rabbi
3797:
3793:
3784:
3780:
3772:
3768:
3758:
3742:
3738:
3721:
3717:
3708:
3706:
3702:
3701:
3697:
3692:
3688:
3679:
3677:
3672:
3671:
3667:
3659:
3655:
3647:
3643:
3630:
3626:
3621:Tebu'ot ha-Areẓ
3615:
3611:
3602:
3600:
3596:
3595:
3591:
3582:Edward Robinson
3580:
3576:
3567:
3565:
3563:
3547:
3540:
3501:
3485:
3481:
3476:
3472:
3460:
3456:
3447:
3445:
3439:
3435:
3426:
3422:
3402:
3398:
3385:
3381:
3368:
3364:
3357:
3338:
3307:
3300:
3284:Sharkansky, Ira
3281:
3277:
3268:
3266:
3260:
3256:
3243:
3239:
3225:
3221:
3204:
3200:
3195:Wayback Machine
3187:
3183:
3174:
3160:
3149:
3144:
3140:
3127:
3123:
3108:
3104:
3099:
3095:
3087:
3083:
3076:
3060:
3056:
3051:
3047:
3042:
3038:
3033:
3029:
3020:
3018:
3013:
3012:
3008:
2988:
2984:
2975:
2971:
2960:
2956:
2949:
2940:
2932:
2928:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2884:
2424:
2155:Original source
2101:
1892:
1498:Edward Robinson
1472:Original source
1390:Edward Robinson
1385:) in the city.
1379:
1220:Original source
1185:Earl of Belmore
1180:
1175:
1033:Original source
1013:
881:Original source
855:
814:
796:
776:
721:largely of the
671:
642:
641:
637:Historical maps
592:
591:
582:
581:
525:
524:
513:
512:
485:
484:
474:
461:
460:
451:Tomb of Lazarus
375:
374:
363:
362:
309:
275:
274:
265:
264:
236:British Mandate
149:
148:
138:
100:
52:
48:
46:
42:
40:
36:
34:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4601:
4591:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4556:
4555:
4529:(4): 485–505.
4518:
4502:
4477:
4450:
4429:
4418:
4392:
4367:
4361:
4350:
4344:
4339:
4308:
4297:
4295:on 2011-07-08.
4275:
4273:on 2012-03-08.
4253:
4251:on 2012-03-08.
4229:
4226:
4224:
4223:
4192:
4171:
4140:
4091:
4066:
4059:
4039:
4027:
4020:
4000:
3993:
3973:
3952:
3941:Jerusalem Post
3927:
3920:
3896:
3881:
3866:
3857:
3845:
3833:
3824:
3812:
3791:
3778:
3766:
3756:
3736:
3715:
3695:
3686:
3665:
3663:, p. 491.
3653:
3651:, p. 492.
3641:
3624:
3609:
3589:
3574:
3561:
3538:
3499:
3479:
3470:
3466:Martin Gilbert
3454:
3433:
3420:
3396:
3379:
3362:
3355:
3305:
3298:
3275:
3254:
3251:. p. 244.
3237:
3219:
3198:
3181:
3172:
3147:
3138:
3121:
3102:
3093:
3081:
3075:978-9004206489
3074:
3054:
3045:
3036:
3027:
3006:
2982:
2969:
2966:. p. 189.
2954:
2938:
2926:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2883:
2880:
2865:
2864:
2861:
2858:
2855:
2852:
2849:
2846:
2842:
2841:
2838:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2826:
2823:
2819:
2818:
2815:
2812:
2809:
2806:
2803:
2800:
2796:
2795:
2790:
2787:
2784:
2781:
2778:
2775:
2771:
2770:
2767:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2755:
2752:
2748:
2747:
2744:
2741:
2738:
2735:
2732:
2729:
2725:
2724:
2721:
2718:
2715:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2702:
2701:
2698:
2695:
2692:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2679:
2678:
2675:
2672:
2669:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2656:
2655:
2652:
2649:
2646:
2643:
2640:
2637:
2633:
2632:
2629:
2626:
2623:
2620:
2617:
2614:
2610:
2609:
2606:
2603:
2600:
2597:
2594:
2591:
2587:
2586:
2583:
2580:
2577:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2564:
2563:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2545:
2541:
2540:
2537:
2534:
2531:
2528:
2525:
2522:
2518:
2517:
2514:
2511:
2508:
2505:
2502:
2499:
2495:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2485:
2482:
2479:
2476:
2472:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2462:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2449:
2448:
2445:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2423:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2395:
2394:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2372:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2362:
2359:
2356:
2353:
2349:
2348:
2345:
2342:
2339:
2336:
2333:
2330:
2326:
2325:
2322:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2304:
2300:
2299:
2296:
2293:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2281:
2277:
2276:
2273:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2254:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2231:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2208:
2207:
2204:
2199:
2196:
2193:
2190:
2187:
2183:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2160:
2159:
2156:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2076:
2073:
2069:
2068:
2065:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2048:
2044:
2043:
2040:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2020:
2017:
2013:
2012:
2009:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1992:
1989:
1985:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1964:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1940:
1936:
1935:
1933:New York Times
1930:
1927:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1859:
1858:
1855:
1849:
1846:
1843:
1840:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1810:
1806:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1785:
1781:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1760:
1756:
1755:
1752:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1735:
1732:
1728:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1707:
1703:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1685:
1682:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1634:
1633:
1630:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1612:
1609:
1605:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1587:
1584:
1580:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1559:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1551:Joseph Schwarz
1549:
1546:
1543:
1538:
1535:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1508:
1504:
1503:
1500:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1484:
1481:
1477:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1445:Eastern Europe
1441:Ashkenazi Jews
1378:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1368:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1280:
1279:
1276:
1274:William Turner
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1255:
1254:
1251:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1012:
1009:
1003:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
990:
987:
984:
980:
979:
976:
973:
970:
967:
964:
961:
957:
956:
953:
950:
947:
944:
941:
938:
934:
933:
931:
925:
922:
919:
916:
913:
909:
908:
905:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
886:
885:
882:
879:
876:
873:
870:
867:
854:
851:
813:
810:
805:Yehud Medinata
795:
794:Persian period
792:
775:
772:
759:Ottoman Empire
699:Latin Catholic
673:
672:
670:
669:
662:
655:
647:
644:
643:
640:
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
609:
604:
599:
593:
589:
588:
587:
584:
583:
580:
579:
577:US recognition
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
548:
547:
542:
537:
526:
520:
519:
518:
515:
514:
511:
509:Crusader kings
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
483:
482:
481:
480:
468:
467:
466:
463:
462:
459:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
412:
411:
409:Al-Aqsa Mosque
406:
392:
387:
382:
376:
370:
369:
368:
365:
364:
361:
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
335:
330:
325:
320:
314:
313:
308:
307:
302:
297:
292:
287:
281:
280:
276:
272:
271:
270:
267:
266:
261:
260:
257:
256:
245:Modern period
242:
241:
238:
232:
231:
228:
222:
221:
218:
212:
211:
208:
202:
201:
198:
192:
191:
188:
182:
181:
178:
172:
171:
168:
162:
161:
158:
150:
147:
146:
145:
144:
132:
131:
130:
127:
126:
118:
117:
111:
110:
99:
96:
47:
41:
35:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4600:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4565:
4563:
4552:
4548:
4544:
4540:
4536:
4532:
4528:
4524:
4519:
4508:
4503:
4491:
4487:
4483:
4478:
4463:
4456:
4451:
4440:on 2010-07-29
4439:
4435:
4430:
4427:
4426:0-521-23255-4
4423:
4419:
4407:
4403:
4402:
4397:
4393:
4381:
4377:
4373:
4368:
4365:
4362:
4359:
4355:
4351:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4325:
4321:
4314:
4309:
4306:
4302:
4298:
4291:
4284:
4280:
4276:
4269:
4262:
4258:
4254:
4247:
4240:
4236:
4232:
4231:
4213:on 2016-03-04
4209:
4202:
4196:
4181:
4175:
4161:on 2015-05-05
4157:
4150:
4144:
4129:
4122:
4116:
4114:
4112:
4110:
4108:
4106:
4104:
4102:
4100:
4098:
4096:
4080:
4076:
4070:
4062:
4060:90-04-07785-5
4056:
4052:
4051:
4043:
4036:
4031:
4023:
4017:
4013:
4012:
4004:
3996:
3990:
3987:. Routledge.
3986:
3985:
3977:
3969:
3968:
3963:
3956:
3942:
3938:
3931:
3923:
3917:
3913:
3909:
3908:
3900:
3892:
3885:
3878:
3873:
3871:
3861:
3854:
3849:
3842:
3837:
3828:
3821:
3816:
3809:
3805:
3802:
3801:
3795:
3788:
3782:
3776:
3770:
3763:
3759:
3753:
3749:
3748:
3740:
3733:
3728:
3727:
3719:
3705:
3699:
3690:
3675:
3669:
3662:
3657:
3650:
3645:
3637:
3636:
3628:
3622:
3618:
3613:
3599:
3593:
3587:
3583:
3578:
3564:
3562:9780838616871
3558:
3554:
3553:
3545:
3543:
3535:
3533:
3529:
3525:
3521:
3517:
3513:
3512:Kerem Avraham
3509:
3502:
3500:0-8143-2909-8
3496:
3492:
3491:
3483:
3474:
3467:
3463:
3458:
3444:
3437:
3430:
3424:
3417:
3412:
3411:
3406:
3400:
3392:
3391:
3383:
3375:
3374:
3366:
3358:
3356:0-8143-2909-8
3352:
3348:
3347:
3342:
3336:
3334:
3332:
3330:
3328:
3326:
3324:
3322:
3320:
3318:
3316:
3314:
3312:
3310:
3301:
3299:0-8143-2592-0
3295:
3291:
3290:
3285:
3279:
3265:
3258:
3250:
3249:
3241:
3233:
3232:
3223:
3216:
3211:
3210:
3202:
3196:
3192:
3189:
3185:
3175:
3173:0-691-09375-X
3169:
3165:
3158:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3142:
3134:
3133:
3125:
3118:(2): 131–160.
3117:
3113:
3106:
3097:
3090:
3085:
3077:
3071:
3067:
3066:
3058:
3049:
3040:
3031:
3016:
3010:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2994:
2986:
2980:
2979:
2973:
2965:
2958:
2952:
2947:
2945:
2943:
2935:
2930:
2923:
2917:
2913:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2885:
2879:
2875:
2873:
2862:
2859:
2856:
2853:
2850:
2847:
2844:
2843:
2839:
2836:
2833:
2830:
2827:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2816:
2813:
2810:
2807:
2804:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2794:
2791:
2788:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2776:
2773:
2772:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2756:
2753:
2750:
2749:
2745:
2742:
2739:
2736:
2733:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2713:
2710:
2707:
2704:
2703:
2699:
2696:
2693:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2681:
2680:
2676:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2644:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2630:
2627:
2624:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2612:
2611:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2572:
2569:
2566:
2565:
2561:
2558:
2555:
2552:
2549:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2538:
2535:
2532:
2529:
2526:
2523:
2520:
2519:
2515:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2492:
2489:
2486:
2483:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2473:
2469:
2466:
2463:
2460:
2457:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2446:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2427:
2415:Harrel, 1974
2414:
2412:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2400:
2397:
2396:
2392:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2380:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2366:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2334:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2323:
2320:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2301:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2278:
2274:
2271:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2256:
2255:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2209:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2189:15,000–20,000
2188:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2162:
2161:
2158:As quoted in
2157:
2154:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2129:
2124:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2109:
2106:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2032:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2007:
2006:Karl Baedeker
2004:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1890:
1887:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1876:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1680:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1631:
1628:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1475:As quoted in
1474:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1418:Kerem Avraham
1415:
1411:
1407:
1402:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1386:
1384:
1369:
1367:, French monk
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1249:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1223:As quoted in
1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1186:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1143:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1086:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1036:As quoted in
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1008:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
988:
985:
982:
981:
977:
974:
971:
968:
965:
962:
959:
958:
954:
951:
948:
945:
942:
939:
936:
935:
932:
929:
926:
923:
920:
917:
914:
911:
910:
906:
903:
900:
897:
894:
891:
888:
887:
884:As quoted in
883:
880:
877:
874:
871:
868:
865:
864:
861:
859:
850:
848:
844:
840:
835:
830:
827:
823:
819:
809:
807:
806:
801:
791:
789:
785:
781:
771:
769:
765:
760:
756:
750:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
705:backgrounds,
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
668:
663:
661:
656:
654:
649:
648:
646:
645:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
594:
586:
585:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
557:Jerusalem Day
555:
553:
552:Jerusalem Law
550:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
532:
531:
528:
527:
523:
517:
516:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
479:
476:
475:
473:
470:
469:
465:
464:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
410:
407:
405:
402:
401:
400:
396:
393:
391:
388:
386:
383:
381:
378:
377:
373:
367:
366:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
316:
315:
311:
310:
306:
303:
301:
298:
296:
293:
291:
288:
286:
283:
282:
278:
277:
269:
268:
258:
254:
250:
246:
244:
243:
239:
237:
234:
233:
229:
227:
224:
223:
219:
217:
216:Late Medieval
214:
213:
209:
207:
204:
203:
199:
197:
194:
193:
189:
187:
184:
183:
179:
177:
174:
173:
170:538 BCE–70 CE
169:
167:
164:
163:
159:
157:
156:City of David
154:
153:
143:
140:
139:
137:
134:
133:
129:
128:
124:
120:
119:
116:
113:
112:
108:
104:
103:
95:
92:
89:
85:
81:
76:
74:
66:
58:
51: Muslims
31:
27:
19:
4526:
4522:
4510:. Retrieved
4496:February 26,
4494:. Retrieved
4490:the original
4485:
4471:February 27,
4469:. Retrieved
4462:the original
4444:December 22,
4442:. Retrieved
4438:the original
4410:. Retrieved
4406:the original
4399:
4386:February 26,
4384:. Retrieved
4380:the original
4375:
4353:
4333:February 27,
4331:. Retrieved
4324:the original
4319:
4300:
4299:Salo Baron,
4290:the original
4268:the original
4246:the original
4228:Bibliography
4215:. Retrieved
4208:the original
4195:
4184:. Retrieved
4174:
4163:. Retrieved
4156:the original
4143:
4131:. Retrieved
4082:. Retrieved
4078:
4069:
4049:
4042:
4034:
4030:
4010:
4003:
3983:
3976:
3965:
3955:
3944:. Retrieved
3940:
3930:
3906:
3899:
3890:
3884:
3860:
3848:
3841:Scholch 1985
3836:
3827:
3820:Burns, Jabez
3815:
3807:
3798:
3794:
3786:
3781:
3774:
3769:
3761:
3746:
3739:
3730:
3725:
3718:
3707:. Retrieved
3698:
3689:
3678:. Retrieved
3668:
3661:Scholch 1985
3656:
3649:Scholch 1985
3644:
3638:. S. Hirzel.
3634:
3627:
3620:
3612:
3601:. Retrieved
3592:
3577:
3566:. Retrieved
3551:
3520:Samuel Gobat
3504:
3489:
3482:
3473:
3461:
3457:
3436:
3428:
3423:
3414:
3409:
3399:
3389:
3382:
3372:
3365:
3345:
3288:
3278:
3257:
3247:
3240:
3229:
3222:
3213:
3208:
3201:
3184:
3163:
3141:
3131:
3124:
3115:
3111:
3105:
3096:
3084:
3064:
3057:
3048:
3039:
3030:
3019:. Retrieved
3009:
3001:
2992:
2985:
2977:
2972:
2963:
2957:
2929:
2916:
2876:
2868:
2324:U.O.Schmelz
2128:Third Aliyah
2125:
2117:First Aliyah
2110:
2102:
2078:
2050:
2034:
2022:
1994:
1966:
1942:
1932:
1896:
1881:, Chapter 52
1878:
1877:Mark Twain,
1837:
1812:
1787:
1762:
1737:
1709:
1687:
1614:
1589:
1561:
1540:
1510:
1486:
1434:
1403:
1387:
1380:
1181:
1006:
1001:Yaari, 1943
856:
845:and "a few"
831:
815:
803:
800:Persian rule
797:
777:
767:
763:
751:
676:
607:Municipality
590:Other topics
572:Islamization
540:Christianity
477:
446:Biblical Zoo
416:Western Wall
395:Temple Mount
196:Early Muslim
93:
77:
72:
71:
26:
18:Jerusalemite
4396:"Jerusalem"
4079:Archive.org
3015:"Jerusalem"
2951:Final draft
2275:Shaw, 1894
1852:John Murray
1627:Georg Rosen
1406:Crimean War
1286:3,000–4,000
1261:4,000–5,000
853:Middle Ages
816:During the
780:demographic
567:Judaization
499:Grand Mufti
494:Chief Rabbi
4562:Categories
4217:2015-10-23
4186:2015-10-23
4165:2015-10-23
4133:11 January
4084:23 October
3946:2015-10-23
3855:, page 992
3709:2015-10-23
3680:2022-10-20
3603:2015-10-23
3568:2015-10-23
3518:by Bishop
3508:James Finn
3448:2015-10-23
3446:Retrieved
3341:Kark, Ruth
3269:2015-10-23
3267:Retrieved
3021:2015-10-23
2909:References
2438:Christians
2246:>39,000
2149:Christians
1466:Christians
1214:Christians
1173:Modern era
1027:Christians
928:Nahmanides
875:Christians
858:Al-Maqdisi
747:indigenous
739:immigrants
703:Protestant
421:Synagogues
312:Common Era
190:325–638 CE
180:130–325 CE
45: Jews
4551:154921401
4412:March 25,
3068:. BRILL.
1773:10–15,000
1383:plurality
1310:>4,000
1122:1596–1597
1095:1553–1554
1068:1538–1539
1041:1525–1526
907:Runciman
847:Sadducees
839:Pharisees
784:Jerusalem
731:Maronites
719:Assyrians
707:Armenians
627:Transport
622:City Line
249:Jordanian
240:1917–1948
230:1517–1917
220:1187–1517
210:1099–1187
186:Byzantine
115:Jerusalem
88:Jerusalem
4281:(1947).
4259:(1947).
4237:(1947).
3407:(1821).
3286:(1996).
3191:Archived
3112:Tel Aviv
2882:See also
2857:951,100
2851:353,800
2848:570,100
2834:936,400
2828:345,800
2825:563,200
2811:919,400
2805:336,700
2802:555,800
2786:901,300
2780:328,600
2777:546,100
2763:882,700
2757:319,800
2754:536,600
2533:493,500
2527:125,200
2524:353,800
2226:Goldmann
2121:Old City
2033:Ottoman
1428:and the
1250:explorer
1137:Ottoman
1110:Ottoman
1083:Ottoman
1056:Ottoman
826:Josephus
824:, while
743:pilgrims
562:Quds Day
390:Old City
206:Crusader
200:638–1099
160:1000 BCE
142:Timeline
107:a series
105:Part of
98:Overview
84:Crusades
4360:, 2004.
4307:, 1983.
3514:), the
3091:, 17.42
2854:16,300
2831:16,200
2808:16,000
2783:15,900
2760:15,800
2740:857,800
2734:307,300
2731:524,700
2717:801,000
2711:281,000
2708:497,000
2694:746,300
2685:489,480
2671:706,400
2662:469,300
2648:693,200
2639:464,500
2625:657,500
2616:448,800
2602:602,100
2593:421,200
2579:617,000
2573:182,700
2570:417,100
2556:524,400
2550:131,800
2547:378,200
2530:14,400
2510:475,000
2504:121,000
2501:340,000
2487:457,700
2478:327,700
2464:407,100
2455:292,300
2435:Muslims
2410:263,307
2401:195,700
2387:157,000
2269:~40,000
2260:>50%
2249:Gilbert
2146:Muslims
2036:salname
1548:32,000+
1463:Muslims
1449:Halukka
1248:Frisian
1211:Muslims
1024:Muslims
889:c. 1130
872:Muslims
843:Essenes
822:Tacitus
764:Maqdisi
709:of the
617:Cuisine
535:Judaism
441:Knesset
426:Mosques
399:Al-Aqsa
295:587 BCE
290:597 BCE
285:701 BCE
226:Ottoman
136:History
4549:
4543:163415
4541:
4512:Feb 9,
4424:
4057:
4018:
3991:
3918:
3754:
3559:
3526:; the
3497:
3353:
3296:
3215:sects.
3170:
3072:
2860:59.9%
2837:60.1%
2814:60.5%
2789:60.6%
2766:60.8%
2737:12,400
2714:14,000
2576:14,100
2553:14,400
2536:71.7%
2507:14,000
2407:12,646
2404:54,963
2384:29,400
2381:30,600
2378:97,000
2364:90,053
2361:19,300
2358:19,900
2355:51,200
2341:62,578
2338:14,669
2335:13,413
2332:33,971
2315:32,400
2309:11,000
2306:13,300
2292:45,420
2283:28,112
2240:14,000
2237:25,000
2223:35,000
2220:14,000
2214:15,000
2198:40,000
2178:Wilson
2175:21,000
2086:36,000
2079:15,000
2075:13,000
2061:20,500
2051:10,000
2030:14,358
2002:24,000
1995:13,000
1977:20,850
1953:18,000
1917:3,200*
1891:4,000–
1874:14,000
1848:16,000
1823:15,000
1798:17,800
1745:18,000
1726:Famin
1720:15,490
1695:25,354
1688:12,286
1662:13,860
1597:45,000
1594:10,000
1590:25,000
1586:10,000
1572:17,173
1545:10,000
1541:15,000
1521:15,510
1494:11,000
1420:, the
1408:, the
1361:20,560
1355:13,000
1339:20,000
1333:10,000
1295:19,750
1289:13,000
1270:26,000
1198:, 1938
1107:16,068
1101:12,154
978:Baron
955:Baron
901:30,000
898:30,000
755:millet
733:, and
701:, and
602:Emblem
472:People
372:Places
305:37 BCE
300:63 BCE
273:Sieges
49:
43:
37:
4547:S2CID
4539:JSTOR
4465:(PDF)
4458:(PDF)
4327:(PDF)
4316:(PDF)
4293:(PDF)
4286:(PDF)
4271:(PDF)
4264:(PDF)
4249:(PDF)
4242:(PDF)
4211:(PDF)
4204:(PDF)
4159:(PDF)
4152:(PDF)
4124:(PDF)
2998:Tufts
2845:2020
2822:2019
2799:2018
2774:2017
2751:2016
2743:61.2%
2720:62.0%
2697:65.6%
2674:66.4%
2651:67.0%
2628:68.3%
2605:70.0%
2582:67.6%
2559:72.1%
2521:1988
2513:71.6%
2490:71.6%
2467:71.8%
2441:Total
2312:8,100
2289:8,748
2286:8,560
2217:6,000
2172:5,000
2169:7,000
2166:9,000
2152:Total
2113:Yemen
2083:8,000
2058:5,500
2055:5,000
2027:4,428
2023:6,150
2019:3,780
1999:7,000
1991:4,000
1974:5,373
1971:7,500
1967:7,977
1950:4,000
1947:5,000
1943:9,000
1897:6,000
1893:5,000
1845:4,000
1842:4,000
1838:8,000
1820:2,500
1817:4,500
1813:8,000
1795:3,800
1792:6,000
1788:8,000
1763:7,000
1742:3,000
1738:9,300
1734:5,700
1717:3,490
1714:4,000
1710:8,000
1692:7,488
1684:5,580
1640:2,084
1622:5,841
1619:1,872
1615:3,074
1569:3,558
1566:6,100
1562:7,515
1537:7,500
1518:3,390
1515:5,000
1511:7,120
1491:3,500
1487:4,500
1483:3,000
1469:Total
1443:from
1358:3,560
1352:4,000
1336:4,000
1330:6,000
1315:8,000
1292:3,250
1240:8,774
1237:2,774
1234:4,000
1231:2,000
1217:Total
1152:2,000
1128:8,740
1104:1,956
1098:1,958
1080:9,534
1074:7,287
1071:1,363
1053:5,612
1047:3,704
1044:1,194
1030:Total
878:Total
768:Qudsi
735:Copts
683:Arabs
632:Songs
597:Names
545:Islam
489:Mayor
259:1948-
4514:2014
4498:2006
4473:2006
4446:2010
4422:ISBN
4414:2006
4401:Time
4388:2006
4335:2006
4135:2024
4086:2019
4055:ISBN
4016:ISBN
3989:ISBN
3967:Ynet
3916:ISBN
3752:ISBN
3557:ISBN
3495:ISBN
3351:ISBN
3294:ISBN
3168:ISBN
3070:ISBN
2728:2015
2705:2011
2682:2007
2659:2005
2636:2004
2613:2000
2590:1996
2567:1995
2544:1990
2498:1987
2475:1985
2452:1980
2432:Jews
2429:Year
2398:1967
2375:1944
2352:1931
2329:1922
2303:1905
2280:1896
2257:1893
2234:1889
2211:1885
2186:1883
2163:1882
2143:Jews
2140:Year
2072:1876
2047:1874
2016:1872
1988:1871
1963:1869
1939:1869
1914:1869
1888:1867
1862:1867
1834:1866
1809:1864
1784:1862
1759:1857
1731:1856
1706:1853
1681:1851
1659:1850
1637:1849
1608:1849
1583:1847
1558:1846
1534:1845
1507:1844
1480:1838
1460:Jews
1457:Year
1349:1832
1327:1824
1305:1821
1283:1817
1258:1815
1228:1806
1208:Jews
1205:Year
1196:YMCA
1149:1723
1021:Jews
1018:Year
986:200*
983:1489
960:1488
940:250*
937:1471
912:1267
869:Jews
866:Year
725:and
713:and
679:Jews
385:West
380:East
358:1948
353:1917
348:1834
343:1244
338:1187
333:1099
251:and
4531:doi
3231:...
1926:n/a
1923:n/a
1920:n/a
1611:895
1131:252
1077:884
1050:714
963:76*
766:or
741:or
685:of
328:637
323:614
4564::
4545:.
4537:.
4527:17
4525:.
4484:.
4398:.
4374:.
4356:,
4318:.
4303:,
4126:.
4094:^
4077:.
3964:.
3939:.
3910:.
3869:^
3760:.
3584:,
3541:^
3503:.
3464:,
3308:^
3150:^
3116:41
3114:.
2941:^
1451:.
1424:,
1416:,
1246:,
915:2*
729:,
717:,
697:,
693:,
689:,
681:,
318:70
109:on
4553:.
4533::
4516:.
4500:.
4475:.
4448:.
4428:.
4416:.
4390:.
4337:.
4220:.
4189:.
4168:.
4137:.
4088:.
4063:.
4024:.
3997:.
3970:.
3949:.
3924:.
3712:.
3683:.
3606:.
3571:.
3451:.
3393:.
3359:.
3302:.
3272:.
3176:.
3078:.
3024:.
2691:?
2688:?
2668:?
2665:?
2645:?
2642:?
2622:?
2619:?
2599:?
2596:?
2484:?
2481:?
2461:?
2458:?
2390:?
2266:?
2263:?
2243:?
2195:?
2192:?
1904:?
1901:?
1871:?
1868:?
1865:?
1770:?
1767:?
1671:?
1668:?
1665:?
1649:?
1646:?
1643:?
1267:?
1264:?
1161:?
1158:?
1155:?
1141:*
1134:?
1125:?
1114:*
1087:*
1060:*
998:?
995:?
992:?
989:?
975:?
972:?
969:?
966:?
952:?
949:?
946:?
943:?
924:?
921:?
918:?
904:?
895:0
892:0
666:e
659:t
652:v
397:/
255:)
247:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
