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362:, the daughter of a Parisian engraver. Madame Roland was just as involved in Jean-Marie's work as he was, editing much of his writing and supporting his political goals. For the first four years of their marriage, Roland continued to live in Picardy and work as a factory inspector. His knowledge of commercial affairs enabled him to contribute articles to the
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Not long after he resigned as minister, the
Girondins came under attack and Roland was denounced as well. Roland fled Paris and went into hiding; in his absence, he was sentenced to death. Madame Roland remained in Paris, where she was arrested in June 1793 and executed on 8 November. When Roland
521:, containing documents that indicated Louis XVI's relations with corrupt politicians, he was accused of destroying some of the evidence within. Finally, during the trial of the king, he and the Girondists demanded that the sentence should be decided by a poll of the French people rather than the
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press; although Roland signed them, it was Madame Roland who wrote them. The city then sent Roland to Paris to inform the
Constituent Assembly of the critical state of the silk industry and to ask for relief of Lyon's debt. As a result, a correspondence began between Roland,
343:. He was a studious child, who received a thorough education. At the age of 18 years, Roland was offered the choice of becoming either a businessman or a priest. But he declined both offers and took up studying manufacturing, leading him to the city of
415:
In
September 1791, Roland's mission was complete and he returned to Lyon. By then, however, inspectorships of manufacture had been abolished, so the Roland family decided to move and make their new home in Paris. Roland became a member of the
412:, entertaining deputies who later became leading Girondists, and taking an active part in the political landscape. Meanwhile, Madame Roland opened her first salon, helping her husband's name become better known in the capital.
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and other supporters of the
Revolution, whom he had met in Paris. The Rolands arrived in Paris during February 1791, and remained there until September. They frequented the
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assumed power, Roland found himself appointed minister of the interior on 23 March 1792, displaying both his administrative ability and what the
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brusqueness". His wife's influence on his declarations of policy was particularly strong in this period: as Roland was
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Higonnet, Patrice. "The Social and
Cultural Antecedents of Revolutionary Discontinuity: Montagnards and Girondins,"
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308:; 18 February 1734 – 10 November 1793) was a French inspector of manufactures in Lyon and became a leader of the
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Claude
Perroud, "Note critique sur les dates de l'exécution de Mme Roland et du suicide de Roland",
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History of the
Girondists, Volume I Personal Memoirs of the Patriots of the French Revolution
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who aimed at supremacy not only in Paris but in the government as well. His hostility to the
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learned belatedly of his wife's imminent death, he wandered away from his refuge in
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612:, Paris: Société de l'histoire de la Révolution française, t. 22, 1895, pp. 15–26.
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665:. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 462–464.
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The body of Roland is found in a wheat field, by the road from Paris to Rouen
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which was the third most important manufacturing province in France in 1781.
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Later that year he married Marie-Jeanne
Phlipon, better known simply as
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Roland de la Platière was born and baptized on 18 February 1734 in
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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La Révolution française: revue d'histoire moderne et contemporaine
678:
The Terror: The
Merciless War for Freedom in Revolutionary France
352:
198:
525:. Two days after the king's execution, he resigned his office.
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François
Alexandre Frédéric, duc de la Rochefoucauld-Liancourt
387:
During the first year of the Revolution, the Rolands moved to
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540:. Engraving by Charles François Gabriel Levachez, circa 1799.
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Historical Dictionary of the French Revolution 1789-1799
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prompted him to propose transferring the government to
471:. Drawing by Georges-François-Marie Gabriel, 1792–1793.
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through his heart on the evening of 10 November 1793.
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List of people associated with the French Revolution
316:, largely influenced in this direction by his wife,
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Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
1138:
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
784:"Roland de la Platière, Jean Marie and Marie"
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France 1789–1815. Revolution and Counter-Revolution
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Marriage and Revolution: Monsieur and Madame Roland
549:and wrote a few words expressing his horror at the
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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2974:Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen
1016:Significant civil and political events by year
741:Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution
695:Historical Dictionary of the French Revolution
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625:, Oxford University Press, 2012, pp. 287–288.
447:(Eleventh Edition, 1911) characterized as "a
246:Minister of the Interior, Minister of Justice
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2969:Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick
395:cause. The articles they contributed to the
4155:Ministers of the French National Convention
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3173:Alexandre-Théodore-Victor, comte de Lameth
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410:Society of the Friends of the Constitution
318:Marie-Jeanne "Manon" Roland de la Platière
142:
4248:Jean-Marie Roland, vicomte de la Platière
3438:Louis Michel le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau
3096:Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau
2919:Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany
836:Marguerite-Louis-François Duport-Dutertre
148:Engraving by Nicolas Colibert, 1792-1793.
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
18:Jean-Marie Roland, vicomte de la Platière
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1154:Nationalization of the Church properties
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596:
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383:. Painting by François Bonneville, 1792.
375:
4099:Historiography of the French Revolution
3370:Antoine Christophe Merlin de Thionville
3081:Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette
733:Madame Roland and the Age of Revolution
14:
4370:Suicides by sharp instrument in France
4365:French politicians who died by suicide
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4279:Louis Grégoire Deschamps Destournelles
4175:François Louis Michel Chemin Deforgues
4170:Pierre Henri Hélène Marie Lebrun-Tondu
3106:Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord
3061:Other significant figures and factions
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3153:François-Marie, marquis de Barthélemy
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2909:James Saumarez, 1st Baron de Saumarez
2848:Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
2806:Friedrich Adolf, Count von Kalckreuth
2409:
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1286:Paris Commune becomes insurrectionary
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3307:Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux
2719:Claude Victor-Perrin, Duc de Belluno
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1506:Insurrection of 12 Germinal Year III
863:Clément Felix Champion de Villeneuve
750:Scott, Samuel F. and Barry Rothaus.
424:becoming the rendezvous of Brissot,
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
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2914:Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth
769:Madame Roland, A Biographical Study
24:
4104:Influence of the French Revolution
4094:Symbolism in the French Revolution
2858:Prince Heinrich XV of Reuss-Plauen
2819:Charles Eugene, Prince of Lambesc
1074:Convocation of the Estates General
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275:Jeanne Manon Roland de la Platiere
69:"Jean-Marie Roland de la Platière"
25:
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3746:Guillaume-Chrétien de Malesherbes
3478:Antoine Quentin Fouquier-Tinville
2780:Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen
2562:François Christophe de Kellermann
1801:Battle of Peyrestortes (Pyrenees)
775:
703:(1985): 100#396 pp. 513–544
685:Manon Phlipon Roland: Early Years
482:power to prevent decrees against
371:
305:[ʒɑ̃maʁiʁɔlɑ̃dəlaplatjɛʁ]
4312:Ministers of Louis XVI of France
4157:(10 August 1792 to 1 April 1794)
3473:Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai
3380:Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours
3350:Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot
3241:Jean-Marie Roland de la Platière
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683:Blashfield, Evangeline Wilbour.
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381:Jean-Marie Roland de La Platière
297:Jean-Marie Roland de la Platière
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136:Jean-Marie Roland de la Platière
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4360:People of the French Revolution
3811:Jean-Jacques Duval d'Eprémesnil
3558:Jacques-Nicolas Billaud-Varenne
3483:Philippe-François-Joseph Le Bas
2694:Jean-Mathieu-Philibert Sérurier
2689:Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer
2669:Catherine-Dominique de Pérignon
2497:Adam Philippe, Comte de Custine
1415:Marie Antoinette is guillotined
567:Society of the Friends of Truth
45:needs additional citations for
4084:Women in the French Revolution
3686:Louis Antoine, Duke of Enghien
2863:Johann Mészáros von Szoboszló
2527:Pierre Marie Barthélemy Ferino
2156:French invasion of Switzerland
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13:
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4191:Joseph Marie Servan de Gerbey
4089:Incroyables and merveilleuses
3908:Pierre Claude François Daunou
3696:Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé
2827:Maximilian Baillet de Latour
2798:Friedrich Freiherr von Hotze
2095:Naval Engagement off Brittany
1848:Battle of Villers-en-Cauchies
1822:Battle of Truillas (Pyrenees)
1631:Constitution of the Year VIII
1366:Committee of General Security
1251:National Legislative Assembly
1106:National Constituent Assembly
809:Bon-Claude Cahier de Gerville
715:online free in Kindle edition
572:
399:came to the attention of the
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27:French politician (1734–1793)
4345:People from Thizy-les-Bourgs
4206:Jean Baptiste Noël Bouchotte
4007:Liberté, égalité, fraternité
3801:Charles Alexandre de Calonne
3691:Louis Henri, Prince of Condé
3588:Jean Baptiste Noël Bouchotte
3488:Marc-Guillaume Alexis Vadier
3178:Charles Malo François Lameth
2853:Peter Vitus von Quosdanovich
2684:Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr
2627:Bon-Adrien Jeannot de Moncey
1827:Second Battle of Wissembourg
1514:Constitution of the Year III
7:
4201:Pierre Riel de Beurnonville
3903:Charles-Augustin de Coulomb
3528:Antoine Christophe Saliceti
3463:Jean-Marie Collot d'Herbois
3423:Louis Antoine de Saint-Just
3302:Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet
3287:Jérôme Pétion de Villeneuve
3282:Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud
3091:Isaac René Guy le Chapelier
2944:William V, Prince of Orange
1814:First Battle of Wissembourg
1771:(21 Dec 1792 - 25 May 1793)
1487:Closing of the Jacobin Club
1356:(27 Jun 1793 – 27 Jul 1794)
1313:(20 Sep 1792 – 26 Oct 1795)
1173:Abolition of the Parlements
1146:Women's March on Versailles
874:August 1792 – January 1793
560:
426:Jérôme Pétion de Villeneuve
10:
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4038:French Republican calendar
3593:Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel
3218:Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac
2572:Pierre Choderlos de Laclos
2522:Charles François Dumouriez
2512:Jacques François Dugommier
2326:League of Armed Neutrality
2159:(28 January – 17 May 1798)
2111:Battle of the Bay of Cádiz
1934:(22 Nov 1794 - 7 Jun 1795)
1913:(22 Nov 1794 - 7 Jun 1795)
1577:Second Congress of Rastatt
1361:Committee of Public Safety
1348:(9 Mar 1793 – 31 May 1795)
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517:(iron chest) found in the
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1596:Law of 22 Floréal Year VI
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3578:François-Nicolas Vincent
3563:Pierre Gaspard Chaumette
2737:Charles-Alexandre Linois
2632:Jean Victor Marie Moreau
2612:François Séverin Marceau
2592:François Joseph Lefebvre
2487:Jean-Étienne Championnet
2462:Louis-Alexandre Berthier
2457:Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte
2452:Alexandre de Beauharnais
2442:Eustache Charles d'Aoust
2164:French Invasion of Egypt
2042:Second Battle of Bassano
1776:Battle of Kaiserslautern
1550:Conspiracy of the Equals
1243:The Constitution of 1791
1114:Storming of the Bastille
870:Minister of the Interior
826:Jacques Augustin Mourgue
816:Minister of the Interior
754:(1985) Vol. 2 pp 837–41
709:Lamartine, Alphonse de.
528:
322:minister of the interior
3741:Jacques-Donatien Le Ray
3613:Charles-Philippe Ronsin
3573:Antoine-François Momoro
3568:Charles-Philippe Ronsin
3385:François de Neufchâteau
3335:Charles-François Lebrun
3277:Jean Baptiste Treilhard
3158:Guillaume-Mathieu Dumas
3034:Luis Firmin de Carvajal
2840:Rudolf Ritter von Otto
2835:Karl Mack von Leiberich
2467:Jean-Baptiste Bessières
2281:Second Battle of Zurich
2172:Irish Rebellion of 1798
2018:First Battle of Bassano
1856:Second Battle of Boulou
1657:Revolutionary campaigns
1615:Coup of 30 Prairial VII
1530:Council of Five Hundred
1318:First republic declared
1254:(1 Oct 1791 – Sep 1792)
1235:Declaration of Pillnitz
959:Constitutional monarchy
790:The American Cyclopædia
746:excerpt and text search
662:Encyclopædia Britannica
445:Encyclopædia Britannica
365:Encyclopédie Méthodique
331:'s government in 1792.
4253:Dominique Joseph Garat
4227:Dominique Joseph Garat
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4005:
3986:
3498:Prieur de la Côte-d'Or
3493:Jean-Pierre-André Amar
3403:Maximilien Robespierre
3236:Jacques Pierre Brissot
3101:Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès
2532:Louis-Charles de Flers
2517:Thomas-Alexandre Dumas
2482:Jean François Carteaux
2257:First Battle of Zurich
2220:(20 Mar – 21 May 1799)
2175:(23 May – 23 Sep 1798)
2135:Treaty of Campo Formio
1881:Glorious First of June
1809:(18 Sep – 18 Dec 1793)
1768:Expedition to Sardinia
1446:Desmoulins guillotined
1381:Assassination of Marat
1373:Fall of the Girondists
1345:Revolutionary Tribunal
1337:Execution of Louis XVI
1227:Champ de Mars massacre
1130:Abolition of Feudalism
880:Dominique Joseph Garat
541:
472:
430:Maximilien Robespierre
406:Jacques Pierre Brissot
384:
4375:18th-century suicides
3943:Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3208:Jean-Charles Pichegru
3188:Jean-François Rewbell
2674:Jean-Charles Pichegru
2557:Jean-Baptiste Jourdan
2547:Jacques Maurice Hatry
2318:Battle of Hohenlinden
2191:(12 Oct – 5 Dec 1798)
2026:Battle of Emmendingen
1973:Battle of Castiglione
1860:(30 Apr – 1 May 1794)
1791:Battle of Hondschoote
1462:Thermidorian Reaction
1426:(throughout the year)
1199:Fête de la Fédération
1125:(20 Jul – 5 Aug 1789)
1109:(9 Jul – 30 Sep 1791)
1093:(17 Jun – 9 Jul 1790)
536:
469:Roland de la Platière
467:
379:
301:French pronunciation:
3871:Influential thinkers
3618:Jean-François Varlet
3518:Jean-Lambert Tallien
3513:Jean Bon Saint-André
3340:Pierre-Joseph Cambon
3262:Marquis de Condorcet
3111:Nicolas de Condorcet
2876:Dagobert von Wurmser
2709:Louis-Gabriel Suchet
2652:Pierre-Jacques Osten
2567:Jean-Baptiste Kléber
2502:Louis-Nicolas Davout
2492:Chapuis de Tourville
2034:Battle of Schliengen
1981:Battle of Theiningen
1902:Battle of Aldenhoven
1786:Battle of Wattignies
1755:Battle of Neerwinden
1569:Coup of 18 Fructidor
1082:Death of the Dauphin
764:(2nd ed. 2003) ch 5,
459:Legislative Assembly
54:improve this article
4258:Jules-François Paré
4232:Louis-Jérôme Gohier
3958:Mary Wollstonecraft
3736:Jean Sylvain Bailly
3523:Pierre Louis Prieur
3468:Jean-Henri Voulland
3443:Jacques-Louis David
3375:Jean Joseph Mounier
3076:Jean Sylvain Bailly
2714:Belgrand de Vaubois
2602:Jean-Antoine Marbot
2542:Emmanuel de Grouchy
2347:Treaty of Lunéville
1986:Battle of Neresheim
1931:Siege of Luxembourg
1910:Siege of Luxembourg
1865:Battle of Tourcoing
1796:Siege of Bellegarde
1623:Coup of 18 Brumaire
1535:Council of Ancients
1310:National Convention
1302:September Massacres
1278:Brunswick Manifesto
1270:France declares war
1037:Assembly of Vizille
847:March – April 1792
843:Minister of Justice
760:Sutherland, D.M.G.
523:National Convention
195:Cause of death
4196:Jean-Nicolas Pache
3796:Loménie de Brienne
3771:Madame de Lamballe
3706:Napoléon Bonaparte
3503:Prieur de la Marne
3418:Camille Desmoulins
3272:Marie Jean Hérault
3148:Jean-Sifrein Maury
3143:Arnaud de La Porte
2999:Alexander Korsakov
2785:Count of Clerfayt
2704:Jean-de-Dieu Soult
2617:Auguste de Marmont
2472:Napoléon Bonaparte
2363:Algeciras campaign
2355:Treaty of Florence
2233:Battle of Stockach
2066:Ireland expedition
2050:Battle of Calliano
2010:Battle of Rovereto
2002:Battle of Würzburg
1454:Law of 22 Prairial
1423:Anti-clerical laws
1398:The Death of Marat
1219:Flight to Varennes
820:March – June 1792
801:Political offices
657:Roland, Jean Marie
542:
473:
457:excluded from the
385:
4322:
4321:
4288:Navy and Colonies
4121:
4120:
4117:
4116:
3995:Cockade of France
3966:
3965:
3928:Antoine Lavoisier
3918:Benjamin Franklin
3898:Anacharsis Cloots
3861:
3860:
3857:
3856:
3781:Louis de Breteuil
3623:Theophile Leclerc
3051:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3004:Alexander Suvorov
2745:
2744:
2679:Józef Poniatowski
2597:Étienne Macdonald
2401:
2400:
2302:Battle of Marengo
2265:Battle of Trebbia
2249:Battle of Cassano
2241:Battle of Magnano
2225:Battle of Ostrach
2127:Battle of Neuwied
1889:Battle of Fleurus
1873:Battle of Tournay
1750:War in the Vendée
1686:Royalist Revolts
1647:
1646:
1204:
1180:Abolition of the
1098:Tennis Court Oath
1090:National Assembly
919:French Revolution
886:
885:
877:Succeeded by
850:Succeeded by
823:Succeeded by
490:non-juring clergy
320:. He served as a
314:French Revolution
294:
293:
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
4382:
4316:French Directory
4274:Étienne Clavière
4148:
4141:
4134:
4125:
4124:
4075:
4063:Temple of Reason
4034:
4010:
3991:
3972:
3971:
3923:Thomas Jefferson
3867:
3866:
3786:de Chateaubriand
3716:Joseph Bonaparte
3711:Lucien Bonaparte
3701:Marie Antoinette
3656:
3655:
3643:Sylvain Maréchal
3598:François Hanriot
3433:Louis Philippe I
3360:Louis Philippe I
3355:Philippe Égalité
3297:Olympe de Gouges
3267:Charlotte Corday
3257:Étienne Clavière
3057:
3056:
3039:Antonio Ricardos
3024:
3023:
3009:Andrei Rosenberg
2989:
2988:
2959:
2958:
2934:
2933:
2904:Ralph Abercromby
2891:
2890:
2866:
2843:
2830:
2822:
2814:
2801:
2788:
2765:
2764:
2756:
2755:
2660:
2607:Marcellin Marbot
2430:
2429:
2423:
2422:
2411:Military leaders
2407:
2406:
2394:
2386:
2382:Treaty of Amiens
2367:
2359:
2351:
2330:
2322:
2314:
2306:
2285:
2284:(25–26 Sep 1799)
2277:
2269:
2268:(17–20 Jun 1799)
2261:
2253:
2252:(27–28 Apr 1799)
2245:
2237:
2229:
2228:(20–21 Mar 1799)
2221:
2213:
2209:Second Coalition
2192:
2184:
2176:
2168:
2160:
2139:
2131:
2123:
2119:Treaty of Leoben
2115:
2107:
2106:(14–15 Jan 1797)
2103:Battle of Rivoli
2099:
2091:
2087:Italian campaign
2070:
2062:
2061:(15–17 Nov 1796)
2058:Battle of Arcole
2054:
2046:
2038:
2030:
2022:
2014:
2006:
1998:
1994:Battle of Amberg
1990:
1977:
1969:
1965:Battle of Lonato
1961:
1957:Italian campaign
1935:
1914:
1906:
1893:
1885:
1877:
1869:
1861:
1852:
1831:
1830:(26–27 Dec 1793)
1818:
1810:
1772:
1764:
1760:Battle of Famars
1728:
1653:
1652:
1635:
1627:
1619:
1600:
1581:
1573:
1554:
1546:
1526:
1518:
1510:
1491:
1483:
1475:
1466:
1458:
1450:
1427:
1419:
1411:
1403:
1393:
1385:
1377:
1357:
1349:
1341:
1322:
1314:
1306:
1298:
1290:
1282:
1274:
1255:
1247:
1239:
1231:
1223:
1222:(20–21 Jun 1791)
1202:
1194:
1186:
1177:
1158:
1150:
1142:
1134:
1126:
1118:
1110:
1102:
1094:
1086:
1078:
1070:
1062:
1041:
1033:
1029:Day of the Tiles
1012:
1011:
912:
905:
898:
889:
888:
860:Preceded by
853:Antoine Duranton
833:Preceded by
806:Preceded by
798:
797:
794:
786:
693:Hanson, Paul R.
676:Andress, David.
666:
645:
643:
642:
626:
619:
613:
606:
600:
594:
519:Tuileries Palace
397:Courrier de Lyon
307:
302:
290:
182:
179:10 November 1793
164:18 February 1734
163:
161:
146:
132:
131:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
4390:
4389:
4385:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4380:
4379:
4325:
4324:
4323:
4318:
4304:
4283:
4262:
4236:
4210:
4179:
4163:Foreign Affairs
4158:
4152:
4122:
4113:
3988:La Marseillaise
3977:
3976:Cultural impact
3962:
3872:
3853:
3820:
3776:Madame du Barry
3766:Catherine Théot
3756:Thérésa Tallien
3647:
3638:Gracchus Babeuf
3583:François Chabot
3540:
3532:
3453:Georges Couthon
3448:Marquis de Sade
3413:Jean-Paul Marat
3389:
3345:Bertrand Barère
3311:
3222:
3203:Boissy d'Anglas
3198:Madame de Staël
3163:Antoine Barnave
3131:
3124:
3115:
3062:
3043:
3018:
3013:
2983:
2978:
2953:
2948:
2928:
2923:
2885:
2880:
2864:
2841:
2828:
2820:
2812:
2799:
2786:
2775:József Alvinczi
2759:
2741:
2723:
2664:Nicolas Oudinot
2654:
2587:Claude Lecourbe
2582:Charles Leclerc
2477:Guillaume Brune
2447:Pierre Augereau
2417:
2412:
2397:
2392:
2390:Treaty of Paris
2384:
2370:
2365:
2357:
2349:
2333:
2328:
2320:
2312:
2304:
2288:
2283:
2275:
2267:
2259:
2251:
2243:
2235:
2227:
2219:
2211:
2195:
2190:
2182:
2174:
2166:
2158:
2142:
2137:
2129:
2121:
2113:
2105:
2097:
2089:
2073:
2068:
2060:
2052:
2044:
2036:
2028:
2020:
2012:
2004:
1996:
1988:
1975:
1967:
1959:
1943:
1933:
1917:
1912:
1904:
1891:
1883:
1875:
1867:
1859:
1850:
1834:
1829:
1816:
1808:
1806:Siege of Toulon
1770:
1762:
1745:First Coalition
1731:
1722:
1658:
1643:
1633:
1625:
1617:
1603:
1598:
1584:
1579:
1571:
1557:
1552:
1544:
1524:
1516:
1508:
1494:
1489:
1481:
1473:
1464:
1456:
1448:
1430:
1425:
1417:
1409:
1407:Law of Suspects
1401:
1391:
1383:
1375:
1355:
1353:Reign of Terror
1347:
1339:
1325:
1320:
1312:
1304:
1296:
1288:
1280:
1272:
1258:
1253:
1245:
1237:
1229:
1221:
1207:
1192:
1184:
1175:
1161:
1156:
1148:
1140:
1133:(4–11 Aug 1789)
1132:
1124:
1116:
1108:
1100:
1092:
1084:
1076:
1068:
1066:Réveillon riots
1060:
1044:
1039:
1031:
1017:
1006:
921:
916:
882:
873:
865:
855:
846:
838:
828:
819:
811:
781:
778:
738:Schama, Simon.
673:
671:Further reading
655:, ed. (1911). "
640:
638:
635:
630:
629:
621:Siân Reynolds,
620:
616:
607:
603:
595:
580:
575:
563:
551:Reign of Terror
531:
374:
337:
312:faction in the
300:
251:Political party
190:
184:
180:
171:
165:
159:
157:
149:
137:
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4388:
4378:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4320:
4319:
4314:• Followed by
4309:
4306:
4305:
4303:
4302:
4300:Jean Dalbarade
4297:
4291:
4289:
4285:
4284:
4282:
4281:
4276:
4270:
4268:
4264:
4263:
4261:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4244:
4242:
4238:
4237:
4235:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4222:Georges Danton
4218:
4216:
4212:
4211:
4209:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4187:
4185:
4181:
4180:
4178:
4177:
4172:
4166:
4164:
4160:
4159:
4151:
4150:
4143:
4136:
4128:
4119:
4118:
4115:
4114:
4112:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4067:
4066:
4065:
4058:Cult of Reason
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4002:
4000:Flag of France
3997:
3992:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3968:
3967:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3877:
3874:
3873:
3863:
3862:
3859:
3858:
3855:
3854:
3852:
3851:
3846:
3845:
3844:
3839:
3828:
3826:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3806:Jacques Necker
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3662:
3660:
3653:
3649:
3648:
3646:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3628:Claire Lacombe
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3553:Jacques Hébert
3549:
3547:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3408:Georges Danton
3405:
3399:
3397:
3391:
3390:
3388:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3321:
3319:
3313:
3312:
3310:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3252:Henri Grégoire
3248:
3243:
3238:
3232:
3230:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3193:Camille Jordan
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3134:
3132:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3072:
3070:
3064:
3063:
3053:
3052:
3049:
3048:
3045:
3044:
3042:
3041:
3036:
3030:
3028:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2995:
2993:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2965:
2963:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2946:
2940:
2938:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2897:
2895:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2837:
2832:
2824:
2816:
2808:
2803:
2795:
2790:
2782:
2777:
2771:
2769:
2753:
2747:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2739:
2733:
2731:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2438:
2436:
2427:
2414:
2413:
2403:
2402:
2399:
2398:
2396:
2395:
2387:
2378:
2376:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2360:
2352:
2343:
2341:
2335:
2334:
2332:
2331:
2323:
2315:
2307:
2298:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2286:
2278:
2273:Battle of Novi
2270:
2262:
2260:(4–7 Jun 1799)
2254:
2246:
2238:
2230:
2222:
2214:
2205:
2203:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2193:
2185:
2177:
2169:
2161:
2152:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2132:
2124:
2116:
2108:
2100:
2092:
2083:
2081:
2075:
2074:
2072:
2071:
2063:
2055:
2053:(6–7 Nov 1796)
2047:
2039:
2031:
2023:
2015:
2007:
1999:
1991:
1983:
1978:
1970:
1968:(3–4 Aug 1796)
1962:
1953:
1951:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1939:Peace of Basel
1936:
1927:
1925:
1919:
1918:
1916:
1915:
1907:
1899:
1894:
1886:
1878:
1870:
1862:
1853:
1844:
1842:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1832:
1824:
1819:
1811:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1781:Siege of Mainz
1778:
1773:
1765:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1741:
1739:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1729:
1717:
1712:
1710:Siege of Mainz
1707:
1702:
1701:
1700:
1697:
1692:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1668:
1666:
1660:
1659:
1649:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1636:
1628:
1620:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1604:
1602:
1601:
1592:
1590:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1582:
1574:
1565:
1563:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1555:
1547:
1542:13 Vendémiaire
1539:
1538:
1537:
1532:
1519:
1511:
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1389:Levée en masse
1386:
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1294:10th of August
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1232:
1224:
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1195:
1187:
1178:
1176:(Feb–Jul 1790)
1169:
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1151:
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776:External links
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767:Tarbell, Ida.
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653:Chisholm, Hugh
634:
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599:, p. 463.
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4043:Metric system
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3138:Grace Elliott
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2642:Joachim Murat
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2622:André Masséna
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2393:(25 Jun 1802)
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2217:Siege of Acre
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2198:
2189:
2188:Peasants' War
2186:
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2138:(17 Oct 1797)
2136:
2133:
2130:(18 Apr 1797)
2128:
2125:
2122:(17 Apr 1797)
2120:
2117:
2114:(25 Jan 1797)
2112:
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2098:(13 Jan 1797)
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2037:(26 Oct 1796)
2035:
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2029:(19 Oct 1796)
2027:
2024:
2019:
2016:
2011:
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2003:
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1997:(24 Aug 1796)
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1989:(11 Aug 1796)
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1892:(26 Jun 1794)
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1876:(22 May 1794)
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1868:(18 May 1794)
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1490:(11 Nov 1794)
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1297:(10 Aug 1792)
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1203:(14 Jul 1790)
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1117:(14 Jul 1789)
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1101:(20 Jun 1789)
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1069:(28 Apr 1789)
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945:Ancien Régime
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648:public domain
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597:Chisholm 1911
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507:Paris Commune
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360:Madame Roland
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110:November 2022
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71: –
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65:Find sources:
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43:This article
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32:
31:
19:
4310:Preceded by
4079:Phrygian cap
4024:Bastille Day
3938:Thomas Paine
3893:Edmund Burke
3888:Beaumarchais
3882:Les Lumières
3880:
3721:Joseph Fesch
3633:Pauline Léon
3603:Jacques Roux
3542:
3240:
3126:
2552:Lazare Hoche
2537:Paul Grenier
2507:Louis Desaix
2366:(8 Jul 1801)
2350:(9 Feb 1801)
2321:(3 Dec 1800)
2244:(5 Apr 1799)
2045:(6 Nov 1796)
2021:(8 Sep 1796)
2013:(4 Sep 1796)
2005:(3 Sep 1796)
1976:(5 Aug 1796)
1905:(2 Oct 1794)
1884:(1 Jun 1794)
1626:(9 Nov 1799)
1572:(4 Sep 1797)
1509:(1 Apr 1795)
1479:White Terror
1472:guillotined
1449:(5 Apr 1794)
1396:
1376:(2 Jun 1793)
1246:(3 Sep 1791)
1197:
1157:(2 Nov 1789)
1149:(5 Oct 1789)
1077:(5 May 1789)
1055:
1032:(7 Jun 1788)
999:
992:
985:
978:
971:
964:
957:
950:
943:
936:
929:
868:
841:
814:
788:
768:
761:
751:
739:
732:
710:
700:
694:
684:
677:
660:
622:
617:
609:
604:
543:
537:
500:
494:
483:
474:
468:
452:
444:
438:
418:Jacobin Club
414:
396:
386:
380:
363:
357:
341:Thizy, Rhône
338:
296:
295:
181:(1793-11-10)
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
4340:1793 deaths
4335:1734 births
3948:Abbé Sieyès
3933:Montesquieu
3849:Social Club
3791:Jean Chouan
3681:Louis XVIII
3458:Roger Ducos
3428:Paul Barras
3395:Montagnards
3325:Abbé Sieyès
3128:monarchiens
2936:Netherlands
2865:(Hungarian)
2813:(Hungarian)
2729:French Navy
2655: [
2577:Jean Lannes
2434:French Army
2212:(1798–1802)
2183:(1798–1800)
2167:(1798–1801)
1897:Chouannerie
1858:(Pyrenees)
1723: [
1690:Chouannerie
1482:(Fall 1794)
1470:Robespierre
731:May, Gita.
502:Montagnards
265:Robespierre
205:Nationality
4329:Categories
3837:Cordeliers
3751:Talleyrand
3676:Louis XVII
3538:Hébertists
3292:Jean Debry
3122:Feuillants
2751:Opposition
2647:Michel Ney
2069:(Dec 1796)
1677:Thionville
1580:(Dec 1797)
1553:(May 1796)
1545:5 Oct 1795
1522:Directoire
1402:(painting)
1305:(Sep 1792)
1289:(Jun 1792)
1122:Great Fear
1061:(Jan 1789)
952:Revolution
573:References
555:cane-sword
495:After the
454:ex officio
335:Early life
234:leader of
213:Occupation
160:1734-02-18
80:newspapers
4350:Girondins
3671:Louis XVI
3666:Charles X
3317:The Plain
3228:Girondins
3168:Lafayette
2829:(Walloon)
2811:Pál Kray
2787:(Walloon)
2329:(1800–02)
2180:Quasi-War
1639:Consulate
1525:(1795–99)
980:Consulate
973:Directory
478:used his
449:bourgeois
441:Girondins
439:When the
349:Languedoc
329:Louis XVI
310:Girondist
281:Signature
236:Girondist
216:economist
4241:Interior
4031:Panthéon
4019:Muscadin
4014:Marianne
3953:Voltaire
3832:Jacobins
3825:Factions
3365:Mirabeau
2821:(French)
1715:Jemappes
1699:Dauphiné
1182:Nobility
994:Journals
987:Glossary
966:Republic
938:Timeline
727:Volume 3
723:Volume 2
719:Volume 1
705:in JSTOR
561:See also
488:and the
401:Parisian
261:Opponent
221:Employer
189:, France
187:Radepont
170:, France
4267:Finance
4215:Justice
3913:Diderot
3659:Figures
3544:Enragés
3250:Father
2961:Prussia
2893:Britain
2842:(Saxon)
2800:(Swiss)
2767:Austria
793:. 1879.
771:(1905).
744:(1989)
713:(1847)
687:(1922)
650::
633:Sources
485:émigrés
393:liberal
353:Picardy
255:Gironde
238:faction
199:suicide
94:scholar
3652:Others
2991:Russia
2425:France
2090:(1797)
1960:(1796)
1695:Vendée
1672:Verdun
1499:1795–6
1442:Danton
1001:Museum
931:Causes
756:online
735:(1970)
689:online
680:(2006)
644:
271:Spouse
208:French
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
4109:Films
3026:Spain
2659:]
1727:]
1720:Namur
1705:Lille
1682:Valmy
547:Rouen
529:Death
511:Blois
422:salon
345:Lyons
243:Title
168:Thizy
101:JSTOR
87:books
3541:and
3125:and
2375:1802
2339:1801
2294:1800
2201:1799
2148:1798
2079:1797
1949:1796
1923:1795
1840:1794
1737:1793
1664:1792
1608:1799
1589:1798
1562:1797
1444:and
1435:1794
1330:1793
1263:1792
1212:1791
1166:1790
1049:1789
1022:1788
480:veto
389:Lyon
326:King
176:Died
154:Born
73:news
4184:War
2901:Sir
659:".
324:in
56:by
4331::
2657:fr
1725:fr
787:.
725:|
721:,
717:;
581:^
436:.
428:,
4147:e
4140:t
4133:v
911:e
904:t
897:v
299:(
162:)
158:(
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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