1348:. In revenge for ISIL's beheading of Jaysh members and releasing a video recording of the event in June 2015, Jaysh al-Islam's website published a video that showed its fighters executing 18 alleged ISIL militants by shotgun. The video mimics the imagery that ISIL has used for similar filmed executions; however, it reversed the imagery by having the executioners wearing orange prisoner outfits (reminiscent of the jumpsuits victims of ISIS would wear before their untimely executions) and the victims being dressed in black robes. ‘Qariban qariba’, a song used by ISIS in many of their videos played throughout the execution, albeit the lyrics altered to denounce the group (for example, it says “With the accusations of apostasy they shed blood” in reference to ISIS killing innocents and civilians) The video included some English subtitles.
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1429:(YPG) said that Jaysh al-Islam's "statement came after many conclusive evidences and reports of chemical gas being used in shelling Aleppo's Sheikh Maqsoud district". He also said that the group has attacked the Kurdish neighborhood of Aleppo with "forbidden weapons" many times since the war's start. Jaysh al-Islam subsequently clarified that it was referring to "modified
1384:, the caged people being used as human shields were captured Alawite military officers and their families who had been kidnapped by Jaysh al-Islam two years ago outside Adra al-Ummaliyah, a government-held neighbourhood in Eastern Ghouta. However, Jaysh al-Islam has not yet claimed responsibility for either of these alleged actions and
1005:(SMC), in December 2013 Zahran Alloush announced his departure from that SMC, saying: "our affiliation to the Council came when it was coordinating operations against the Assad regime without being dependent on any other party, and when it had signed no pledges as to the makeup of a future state. However, when the FSA
1211:
journalists, Alloush used less debatable rhetoric, claiming that
Syrians should decide what sort of state they wanted to live under and that Alawites were "part of the Syrian people" and only those with blood on their hands should be held accountable. His spokesman went on to claim that the sectarian
1159:
Zahran
Alloush initially called for the establishment of an Islamic state in Syria but later renounced his previous positions, expressed support for an elected government, boasted about the protection his organization offers to Christians under its rule and even defined the Alawi sect as a victim of
1416:
that may have contained chemical agents. On 8 April, a spokesman for the rebel group said that "weapons not authorized for use in these types of confrontations" had been used against
Kurdish militia and civilians in Aleppo. He stated that "One of our commanders has unlawfully used a type of weapon
1121:
encroached on the area of
Eastern Ghouta controlled by Jaysh, which launched a campaign to drive them out, resulting in 95 casualties between 26 April and 1 May. The clashes enabled the Syrian Army to make advances in eastern Damascus. Demonstrators called for an end to the fighting; video footage
1317:
reported: "...the leader of Jaysh al-Islam, or "Army of Islam" was killed in
December last year in a government air strike. His death, however, did nothing to stop to the group's totalitarian rule in Eastern Ghouta, where residents say torture and imprisonment without trial occur routinely in the
966:
On 29 September 2013, 50 rebel factions operating mostly around
Damascus announced their merger into a new group called Jaysh al-Islam. Liwa al-Islam was the dominant faction in this merger, and its leader Zahran Alloush was announced as the leader of Jaysh al-Islam. Thirty-eight of the original
1453:
project records that Jaysh al-Islam is not designated as a terrorist organization by any major national government or international body. However, it notes that Russia, Lebanon, and Egypt have supported classifying it as such since the end of 2015. Later, however, JaI was designated "moderate
2634:
1488:
also reported that "Syrian groups" saw Kerry's comments as an example of how the Obama administration has slowly moved toward the
Russian view of Syria, which includes painting all opposition groups as terrorist organizations in order to justify attacking them.
3824:
1491:
The US State
Department in July 2016 confirmed that the US administration's policy with regard to Jaysh al-Islam had not changed: Jaysh was and is not a UN-designated terrorist group, is opposed to ISIL, and is not allied to Nusra.
1484:, who speculated that Kerry's comment may have been accidental, that it was inaccurate and could harm U.S. government efforts to convince the Russian and the Syrian governments not to attack Jaysh al-Islam and Ahrar al-Sham. The
3500:
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1376:, posted a video showing Jaysh al-Islam militants had locked people in cages and spread out 100 cages containing about 7 captives each through Eastern Ghouta, northeast of Damascus, to use them as
2526:
3539:
2541:
2291:
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in buses, thus surrendering that town to the Assad government. Jaysh fighters and their families have resettled in northern Syria, in the Aleppo countryside, where they operate under the
2361:
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620:
879:, where Jaysh al-Islam was the largest rebel faction, as was Liwa al-Islam before. Following the fall of Ghouta to Assad’s forces, Jaysh al-Islam retreated to areas controlled by the
3553:
902:. In 2015, its then leader claimed in an interview to be seeking for the Syrian government to be replaced by a “technocratic body that represents the diversity of the Syrian people.”
1951:
1425:
or other agents. Welat Memo, a physician with the
Kurdish Red Crescent, said that the people affected are "vomiting and having difficulty in breathing." Spokesperson for the Kurdish
1390:
has suggested the possibility that these 'hostages on public display' were a mere show, to sway public opinion against further government and
Russian bombardments on Eastern Ghouta.
1884:
3117:
1988:
1616:
3667:
1719:"Former Jaish al-Islam spokesperson officially leaves group and returns to using his real name "Majdi Mustafa Na'meh"https://twitter.com/sayed_ridha/status/870639840219373568 …"
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reported that Saudi Arabia was preparing to give the group millions of dollars to "arm and train" its fighters, and use instructors from Pakistan to help train the group.
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groups listed as joining the merger were already members of, or affiliated with, Liwa al Islam. In September or earlier, Jaysh spokesman Islam Alloush had criticized the
3144:
2487:
2129:
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680:
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971:, stating that the SNC should be led by those who are fighting in Syria rather than leaders in exile, but felt not (yet) inclined to outright break with the SNC.
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1937:
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3321:
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3610:
1808:"#Damascus_countryside Jaish al Islam ...A field walk by the leader of 7th group, Abu Anas, to check the front of Eastern Qalamoun.pic.twitter.com/kiPpIz9WIr"
1763:
2764:
1043:
655:
3763:"List of armed formations, which joined the ceasefire in the Syrian Arab Republic on December 30, 2016 : Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation"
2317:
3689:
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Since 2015, Jaysh al-Islam has called for the Syrian government to be replaced by a technocratic body that represents the diversity of the Syrian people.
615:
2804:
2518:
3535:
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2937:
104:
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In that early period, Alloush condemned democracy and called for an Islamic state to succeed the tyrant Assad. However, in a May 2015 interview with
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circulated at the end of April appeared to show Jaysh al-Islam fighters opening fire on demonstrators who called for an end to the rebel infighting.
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with at least 12 missiles total. A video was posted on 29 July 2013, depicting some of the missiles being used to shoot down a Syrian government
660:
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have remained neutral. Intra-rebel fighting in Ghouta took place in May 2016, with 300 deaths. On 24 May 2016, leaders of Jaysh al-Islam and
605:
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1522:
114:
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1955:
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and Sham will crush them soon, they will make you taste a painful torment in this world, before God makes you taste it in the hereafter".
3022:
2105:
1980:
1608:
685:
3121:
2339:
1722:
1084:
1017:
974:
By November 2013, 60 groups had merged into Jaysh al-Islam, and more than 175 rebel groups around Syria expressed a desire to join it.
375:
3657:
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2457:
1825:
1454:
opposition" in a December 2016 list released by the Russian defence ministry, and participated in the Russian-backed Astana talks.
2231:
2202:
2600:
943:. Liwa al-Islam was a driving force behind actions in the Damascus region. It cooperated and conducted joint operations with the
670:
1683:
3454:
3299:
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He claims that his Army of Islam has 10,000 fighters in the suburbs of Damascus and another 7,000 scattered elsewhere in Syria
3916:
2712:
3926:
3148:
2903:
2682:
2495:
2148:
2126:
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539:
362:
231:
2017:
1788:
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695:
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1212:
and Islamist rhetoric Alloush had previously made was only intended for internal consumption and to rally his fighters.
3846:
1083:
Since the death of Zahran Alloush late 2015, there have been conflicts between Jaysh al-Islam and other members of the
3788:
3719:
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2406:
1933:
1906:
1744:
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2050:
1571:
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1002:
853:
590:
349:
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2313:
1130:
919:, the son of Saudi-based religious scholar Abdullah Mohammed Alloush, after Syrian authorities released him from
650:
645:
322:
3847:
State Department officials are 'baffled' by John Kerry's latest comments that have 'muddied the waters' in Syria
3498:
The Australian: "Syrian rival jihadi group, Jaysh al-Islam, execute ISIS fighters in brutal role reversal video"
2443:
3946:
3269:
2657:
1578:
1332:
Human rights violations during the Syrian Civil War § Free Syrian Army and other armed opposition fighters
635:
2796:
3737:
928:
675:
630:
585:
3379:
1013:
of Islamist factions in November 2013 – decided he would no longer be part of the Supreme Military Council.
1426:
272:
3706:
2933:
2737:
2440:"Dissatisfaction between civilians of eastern Aleppo after an attack by Fateh al-Sham on rebel warehouses"
2168:
1462:
Jaysh al-Islam's relationship with the United States has remained mixed. Former U.S. Secretary of State
2102:"List of armed formations, which joined the ceasefire in the Syrian Arab Republic on December 30, 2016"
1020:
formed the "Military Council of Damascus and its Suburbs", under the direct command of Zahran Alloush.
17:
3762:
3428:
1542:
1125:
On 12 April 2018, some 13,000 Jaysh al-Islam fighters with their families have evacuated the town of
968:
640:
600:
2960:"Formation of a "military council in Damascus and its suburbs" and joining the "unified leadership""
2985:
1846:
1262:
1164:
As an example of the earlier sectarianism, in 2013 or earlier, Alloush in a speech suggested that "
1417:
that is not included in our list". He did not specify what substances were used but, according to
3873:
960:
665:
610:
3212:
3191:
1807:
809:
778:
3349:
Syrian Rebel Leader Changes His Conservative Rhetoric in First Talk With an American Newspaper
2101:
1517:
1208:
1010:
857:
336:
1718:
1418:
880:
508:
21:
3380:"Syria Comment » Archives "Is Zahran Alloush in Amman?" by Aron Lund - Syria Comment"
2465:
955:
8:
3819:
3170:
1480:
1446:
1278:
754:
527:
91:
2999:
2227:
1009:
which was committed to a democratic, pluralist state, Alloush – who had started the new
3096:
2627:"Largest Syrian rebel groups form Islamic alliance, in possible blow to U.S. influence"
2198:
1760:"Syrian military officially establishes full control over strategic Qalamoun Mountains"
1386:
1373:
1296:
1148:
496:
288:
262:
235:
155:
3476:
1673:
1632:"FSA Commanders confirm the Syrian revolution will continue until achieving its goals"
3877:
2333:
2046:
1197:
1165:
255:
3662:
3295:
1300:
1114:
1100:
998:
861:
849:
842:
578:
544:
467:
450:
77:
1196:, pre-Islamic Persians): "And I give you the news, oh unclean Rafida: Just as the
883:, where it reportedly joined the FSA, after years of separation from FSA command.
3867:
3504:
3415:
3322:"Islamist rebel leader walks back rhetoric in first interview with Western media"
2769:
2152:
2133:
2073:"Islamist rebel leader walks back rhetoric in first interview with Western media"
1503:
1475:
1467:
1413:
940:
800:
769:
3869:
The Syrian Jihad: Al-Qaeda, the Islamic State and the Evolution of an Insurgency
2911:
2145:
3578:"Caged Hostages From Syrian President's Sect Paraded Through Rebel-Held Suburb"
2827:"Total of 43 Islamist Groups Unite under Newly Formed "Army of Islam" in Syria"
1877:"Syria conflict: Essam al-Buwaydhani named leader of rebel group Army of Islam"
1405:
1193:
1118:
1088:
1064:
1052:
1031:
982:
944:
920:
916:
563:
558:
481:
204:
73:
3408:
3347:
2826:
2542:"Old rivalries never die: Jaysh Al-Islam vows to fight HTS in northwest Syria"
3910:
2407:"New Islamist Bloc Declares Opposition to National Coalition and US Strategy"
1471:
1336:
From approximately January 2014 until July 2015, Jaysh was fiercely fighting
1303:
and showed them on the runway. But so far, they haven't been used in combat.
1169:
1107:
1096:
977:
The new group's creation was said to have been negotiated and spearheaded by
932:
895:
887:
462:
523:
60:
3693:
1910:
1737:"50 officers graduated from the Military Academy at its first East Balgoth"
1736:
1430:
1422:
1377:
1313:
1152:
1126:
1007:
had come under the aegis of the Syrian National Coalition (in October 2013)
978:
936:
891:
872:
410:
210:
2981:
Why Jaish Al Islam and Ahrar Al Sham are at the heart of Geneva squabbles
1509:
1357:
1055:
watches Jaysh al-Islam recruits during a military parade with a captured
1024:
2284:"Translation: the Formation of the Syrian Revolutionary Command Council"
1048:
1981:"Syria crisis: Saudi Arabia to spend millions to train new rebel force"
1463:
1319:
1181:
1068:
1067:
was killed, along with several other leaders of the group, in a Syrian
899:
2571:"Leading Syrian rebels defect, dealing blow to fight against al-Qaeda"
1478:. US Obama administration officials disapproved this mention and told
1279:
Reported capture of sophisticated equipment from the Syrian government
52:
2519:"Al Nusrah Front, allies launch new offensives against Syrian regime"
2439:
216:
3455:
Syrians Describe Horrific Torture In Jails Run By Islamist Militants
1952:"Jaysh al-Islam militants completing pullout from southern Damascus"
992:
3459:
2018:"Insight: Saudi Arabia boosts Salafist rivals to al Qaeda in Syria"
1678:
1361:
1345:
1292:
1284:
1189:
1177:
1144:
1143:
In 2016, Jaysh al-Islam's ideology was described as a "mixture" of
1072:
924:
868:
838:
282:
277:
249:
200:
177:
3234:"Syrian rebels 'fire on protesters' calling for end to infighting"
2875:"GUEST POST: On Liwa al-Islam and the new 'Jaysh al-Islam' merger"
2199:"Islamist Mergers in Syria: Ahrar al-Sham Swallows Suqour al-Sham"
1674:"Syria conflict: Islamist rebel named opposition chief negotiator"
1364:. As of 12 September 2015, it had taken control of two buildings.
1027:
joint operations room along with other major Aleppo based groups.
29:
Coalition of Islamist rebel units involved in the Syrian Civil War
3807:
3255:
1356:
In August and September 2015, Jaysh al-Islam shelled and stormed
3899:
927:
activism. The group claimed responsibility for carrying out the
745:
3611:"Monitor: Syria rebels using caged captives as 'human shields'"
1409:
1341:
1288:
1201:
1185:
1173:
876:
621:
Syrian opposition–Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant conflict
437:
397:
242:
196:
144:
3518:"Insurgents shell main prison near Syrian capital, killing 10"
2488:"Jihadists of ISIS and Qaeda attack Syrian rebels in Damascus"
1789:"Jaysh Usud al-Sharqiya: Exiles of the Euphrates - bellingcat"
3658:"Kurdish Officials: Rebels May Have Used Chemicals in Aleppo"
3640:"Middle East Concerns grow about abuses, war crimes in Syria"
2765:"Freedom fighters? Cannibals? The truth about Syria's rebels"
1826:"Syrian Army exterminates prominent Jaish al-Islam commander"
1030:
Until late 2015, Jaysh al-Islam at times cooperated with the
733:
709:
424:
3554:"Rebels storm Syria's largest prison near Damascus: monitor"
2601:"Syria army 'tightens siege of rebel bastion near Damascus'"
3575:
3023:"Leader of powerful Syrian rebel group killed in airstrike"
2683:"REPORT The Road to a Syria Peace Deal Runs Through Russia"
1609:"Leader of powerful Syrian rebel group killed in airstrike"
1606:
1056:
721:
2127:
Which rebel groups are fighting in Syria's eastern Ghouta?
1295:. In November 2013, the group captured two training-jets (
3789:"Syrian war: All you need to know about the Astana talks"
3118:"Rebel allies fight each other in east Damascus: monitor"
1151:, "and at least in the past, a significant dose of Sunni
1106:
On 25 January 2017, Jaysh al-Islam's Idlib branch joined
2376:"No regime offensive in Qalamoun, rebel official claims"
3477:"Syrian rebels filmed shooting Islamic State militants"
2756:
1847:"Rise of Jaish al-Islam marks a turn in Syria conflict"
3781:
2169:"The Dawn of Freedom Brigades: Analysis and Interview"
1380:
against Syrian government air raids. According to the
856:
until December 2013, but in November 2013 started the
3815:"Kerry touts the Russian line on Syrian rebel groups"
3048:"Russian raids kill prominent Syrian rebel commander"
1044:
Russian military intervention in the Syrian Civil War
681:
National Front for Liberation–Tahrir al-Sham conflict
2904:"Syria: Jaysh Al-Islam rejects Geneva II conference"
2228:"Leading Syrian rebel groups form new Islamic Front"
1698:
1654:
1499:
923:
in mid-2011, where he had been serving time for his
814:
783:
2163:
2161:
1367:
1325:
626:
Al-Nusra Front–Syria Revolutionaries Front conflict
596:
Rif Dimashq offensive (November 2012–February 2013)
3536:"11 dead in rebel shelling on Damascus: activists"
3314:
3074:"Is Jabhat al-Nusra behind Ghouta demonstrations?"
1393:
3270:"Far from home, a Syrian rebel group starts over"
3097:"After Zahran: Rising Tension in the East Ghouta"
2658:"Far from home, a Syrian rebel group starts over"
2146:Explainer: Who's fighting whom in Syria's Ghouta?
2104:. Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation.
2051:"Jaish al-Islam: Rebels at the Gates of Damascus"
2045:
1783:
1781:
1299:used by the government as jet fighters) from the
1075:. Abu Hammam Bouwaidani succeeded him as leader.
1037:
993:Break from SMC, founding the Syrian Islamic Front
985:was gaining too much strength. After the merger,
656:East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (April–May 2017)
3922:Anti-government factions of the Syrian civil war
3908:
3634:
3632:
2738:"MAPPING MILITANT ORGANIZATIONS: Jaish al-Islam"
2565:
2563:
2158:
1907:"عملية تبادل أسرى لدى عصابات الأسد في جنوب دمشق"
1607:Kareem Shaheen and Agencies (25 December 2015).
1372:On 1 November 2015, an opposition media outlet,
950:
3932:Organizations designated as terrorist by Russia
3576:Robert Mackey, Maher Samaan (1 November 2015).
3471:
3469:
3409:Video of 9K33 Osa shooting down SAF helicopter.
2254:"New Syrian jihadist body formed to fight ISIS"
1975:
1973:
1629:
1421:, the symptoms were consistent with the use of
1400:Use of chemical weapons in the Syrian civil war
616:Rif Dimashq offensive (September–November 2013)
3690:Syrian rebels admit chemical use against Kurds
3228:
3226:
3020:
2898:
2896:
2877:. Pundicity. 30 September 2013. Archived from
2434:
2432:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2006:
1778:
1470:on 28 June 2016, mentioned Jaysh al-Islam and
1457:
1283:On 6 October 2012, Liwa al-Islam captured two
1200:crushed your heads in the past, the people of
860:and the next month broke with the SMC and the
3937:Organisations designated as terrorist by Iran
3629:
3429:"Islamist rebel air force takes off in Syria"
2732:
2730:
2728:
2726:
2560:
2139:
1805:
1265:used officially by Jaysh al-Islam since 2017.
1103:met to sign a peace deal to end hostilities.
890:was among the main rebel groups supported by
3729:
3466:
3258:, 12 April 2018, 20:00 o'clock, German time.
1970:
1954:. Al Masdar News. 7 May 2018. Archived from
1523:List of armed groups in the Syrian Civil War
1474:as "subgroups" of "the terrorists" ISIL and
150:Military Council of Damascus and its Suburbs
41:
3261:
3223:
3145:"Rebel heavyweights clash outside Damascus"
2893:
2845:
2713:"THE SYRIAN OPPOSITION'S POLITICAL DEMANDS"
2429:
2222:
2220:
2003:
1180:) should be "cleansed of the filth" of the
661:Rif Dimashq offensive (February–April 2018)
3720:"Countries' list of armed groups, Reuters"
3605:
3603:
3296:"Zahran Alloush: His Ideology and Beliefs"
3000:"Syrian rebel leaders 'die in air strike'"
2723:
2510:
1666:
1569:
1085:Unified Military Command of Eastern Ghouta
1018:Unified Military Command of Eastern Ghouta
753:
376:Unified Military Command of Eastern Ghouta
3755:
3707:One Kurdish Neighborhood in the Crossfire
3293:
2762:
2539:
2480:
2404:
2354:"The wars of the Eastern Ghouta grind on"
2075:. McClatchys. 20 May 2015. Archived from
1757:
1192:(whom he called "Nusayris" or "Majous" =
1063:On 25 December 2015, the group's founder
997:While previously having been part of the
606:Rif Dimashq offensive (March–August 2013)
2619:
2217:
2041:
2039:
1351:
1047:
954:
3735:
3613:. Al-Arabiya Network. 1 November 2015.
3600:
3542:from the original on 12 September 2015.
3421:
3254:– the main television news bulletin of
2797:"The Army of Islam Is Winning in Syria"
2516:
2192:
2190:
1841:
1839:
1535:
1306:
1087:, along with associated groups such as
1078:
1023:On 26 April 2015, they established the
867:Its primary base of operations was the
686:2022 Ahrar al-Sham–Levant Front clashes
671:Eastern Qalamoun offensive (April 2018)
3909:
3865:
3571:
3569:
3567:
3267:
2926:
2855:. Revolution Observer. 11 October 2013
2789:
2655:
2637:from the original on 26 September 2013
2338:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2061:from the original on 1 September 2017.
1940:from the original on 1 September 2017.
1934:"Syrian War Daily – 12th of July 2017"
1704:
1660:
1441:
1016:In March 2015, Jaysh al-Islam and the
3538:. The Daily Star. 12 September 2015.
3435:from the original on 28 November 2013
3219:from the original on 5 February 2017.
2867:
2693:from the original on 14 February 2016
2458:"ISIL militants.. on way to Damascus"
2446:from the original on 7 December 2016.
2417:from the original on 20 November 2013
2386:from the original on 16 December 2013
2108:from the original on 30 December 2016
2036:
1991:from the original on 10 November 2013
1931:
1716:
1686:from the original on 24 February 2016
1619:from the original on 26 January 2016.
1565:
1563:
1561:
3617:from the original on 3 November 2015
3588:from the original on 4 November 2015
3524:from the original on 25 August 2015.
3431:. Times of Israel. 3 November 2013.
3268:Ashawi, Khalil (29 September 2018).
2970:from the original on 9 October 2017.
2940:from the original on 9 November 2013
2853:"Assessing Syria's Islamic Alliance"
2833:from the original on 10 October 2013
2656:Ashawi, Khalil (29 September 2018).
2581:from the original on 6 December 2013
2234:from the original on 25 January 2014
2187:
1836:
1814:from the original on 1 October 2017.
1436:
1273:
540:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
363:Syrian Revolutionary Command Council
3827:from the original on 3 October 2016
3564:
3556:. 11 September 2015. Archived from
3453:"Youmna al-Dimashqi (Syria Deeply)
3390:from the original on 18 August 2015
3142:
3021:Kareem Shaheen (25 December 2015).
2936:. Foreign Policy. 6 November 2013.
2777:from the original on 5 October 2013
2540:Aboufadel, Leith (2 January 2019).
2529:from the original on 28 April 2015.
2294:from the original on 14 August 2014
1887:from the original on 5 January 2016
1795:from the original on 19 April 2017.
1570:O'Bagy, Elizabeth (24 March 2013).
1382:Syrian Observatory for Human Rights
1131:Turkish-backed Syrian National Army
959:Jaysh al-Islam fighters during the
830:
804:
773:
42:
13:
3670:from the original on 11 April 2016
3520:. The Daily Star. 23 August 2015.
3360:from the original on 10 March 2016
3302:from the original on 25 March 2016
2910:. 12 November 2013. Archived from
2819:
2364:from the original on 16 July 2015.
2358:The Daily Star Newspaper - Lebanon
2205:from the original on 22 March 2016
2155:, BBC Monitoring, 22 February 2018
2136:, Deutsche Welle, 20 February 2018
1758:Aboufadel, Leith (25 April 2018).
1747:from the original on 14 July 2017.
1725:from the original on 5 March 2018.
1588:from the original on 27 March 2014
1558:
14:
3958:
3891:
2517:Jocelyn, Thomas (23 April 2015).
2320:from the original on 4 March 2016
2175:from the original on 10 June 2016
1832:from the original on 20 May 2017.
1630:Ahmad Zakariyah (16 March 2017).
1113:In April 2017 a coalition of the
915:Liwa al-Islam was established by
3736:Petkova, Mariya (1 March 2018).
3213:"هادي العبدالله Hadi on Twitter"
3094:
2807:from the original on 16 May 2015
2607:from the original on 18 May 2015
2264:from the original on 6 June 2014
2196:
1502:
1368:Use of captives as human shields
1326:Filmed execution of ISIL members
1254:
1242:
1230:
910:
726:
714:
702:
533:
522:
502:
490:
456:
444:
430:
417:
403:
390:
369:
356:
343:
330:
59:
51:
3859:
3839:
3712:
3699:
3682:
3650:
3546:
3528:
3510:
3491:
3447:
3402:
3372:
3340:
3287:
3244:
3205:
3184:
3163:
3136:
3110:
3088:
3066:
3040:
3014:
2992:
2974:
2952:
2705:
2675:
2649:
2593:
2533:
2450:
2405:Aron Lund (24 September 2013).
2398:
2368:
2346:
2306:
2276:
2246:
2120:
2094:
2065:
1944:
1925:
1899:
1869:
1857:from the original on 9 May 2015
1818:
1799:
1394:Alleged use of chemical weapons
939:, and Assistant Vice President
881:Turkish Backed Free Syrian Army
871:area, particularly the city of
696:Designated as a terrorist group
651:Daraa offensive (February 2017)
646:Eastern Ghouta offensive (2015)
323:Syrian Islamic Liberation Front
3171:"Elijah J. Magnier on Twitter"
2829:. YouTube. 29 September 2013.
2494:. 3 April 2015. Archived from
2464:. 10 July 2014. Archived from
1806:Army Of Islam (10 June 2017).
1751:
1729:
1710:
1623:
1600:
1579:Institute for the Study of War
1451:Mapping Militant Organizations
1249:Flag of Jaysh al-Islam (Black)
1237:Flag of Jaysh al-Islam (White)
1038:Death of leader Zahran Alloush
875:and the rest of the region of
636:2015 Jisr al-Shughur offensive
1:
3738:"Where is al-Qaeda in Syria?"
3324:. 20 May 2015. Archived from
1932:Barić, Joško (12 July 2017).
1717:Ridha, Hassan (2 June 2017).
1552:
1545:which also had the same name.
951:Merger to form Jaysh al-Islam
931:that killed Defense Minister
676:2018 Southern Syria offensive
631:Battle of Yarmouk Camp (2015)
586:18 July 2012 Damascus bombing
40:
3917:2013 establishments in Syria
3709:, Daily Beast, 15 April 2016
3002:. BBC News. 25 December 2015
1881:International Business Times
1828:. Al-Masdar. 17 April 2017.
1541:Not to be confused with the
894:. The group has promoted an
841:rebel units involved in the
591:Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016)
7:
3927:Anti-ISIL factions in Syria
3866:Lister, Charles R. (2015).
3418:Retrieved 27 December 2013.
3192:"Charles Lister on Twitter"
2934:"Saudi Arabia's Shadow War"
2055:Forum for Regional Thinking
1495:
1458:U.S. (Obama administration)
1136:
815:
784:
10:
3963:
2763:Aron Lund (17 June 2013).
2717:Institute for Study of War
1397:
1329:
1041:
935:, Deputy Defense Minister
929:July 2012 Damascus bombing
905:
848:The group was part of the
311:16,000 fighters in Ghouta
167:Lions of the Asima Brigade
96:Abu Jamal (military chief)
18:Army of Islam (Gaza Strip)
15:
2230:. BBC. 22 November 2013.
1543:Damascus Military Council
1433:," not chemical weapons.
1427:People's Protection Units
1318:name of "liberation" and
969:Syrian National Coalition
761:
740:
694:
641:Battle of Zabadani (2015)
601:Damascus offensive (2013)
571:
516:
383:
318:
297:
271:
225:
189:
139:
121:
110:
100:
87:
69:
50:
39:
34:
3414:13 February 2017 at the
2132:27 February 2018 at the
1528:
1263:Syrian independence flag
1215:
1003:Supreme Military Council
854:Supreme Military Council
552:1st Brigade of Damascus
475:1st Brigade of Damascus
350:Mujahideen Shura Council
16:Not to be confused with
3874:Oxford University Press
3479:. BBC News. 1 July 2015
2801:Foreign Policy Magazine
1222:Flags of Jaysh al-Islam
1188:" = rejectionists) and
961:Siege of Eastern Ghouta
666:Qaboun offensive (2017)
611:Siege of Eastern Ghouta
57:Logo of Jaysh al-Islam
3942:Salafi Islamist groups
3503:21 August 2015 at the
1572:"The Free Syrian Army"
1162:
1060:
963:
147:(until 14 April 2018)
65:Flag of Jaysh al-Islam
3947:Sunni Islamist groups
2633:. 25 September 2013.
1518:Douma massacre (2015)
1404:On 7 April 2016, the
1352:Attack on Adra Prison
1157:
1051:
958:
886:The group along with
837:), is a coalition of
825:), formerly known as
265:(until 25 April 2018)
258:area until 7 May 2018
245:(until 14 April 2018)
158:(until 25 April 2018)
2881:on 30 September 2013
2382:. 18 November 2013.
2151:1 March 2018 at the
1883:. 26 December 2015.
1419:Kurdish Red Crescent
1340:, especially in the
1307:Torture of prisoners
1079:Developments 2016-18
1011:Syrian Islamic Front
981:, who believed that
858:Syrian Islamic Front
509:Aknaf Bait al-Maqdis
22:Islamic Army in Iraq
3820:The Washington Post
3460:The Huffington Post
2914:on 15 November 2013
2742:Stanford University
2603:. AFP. 3 May 2015.
2577:. 5 December 2013.
1987:. 7 November 2013.
1913:on 1 September 2017
1682:. 20 January 2016.
1481:The Washington Post
1447:Stanford University
1442:Egypt, Iran, Russia
528:Syrian Armed Forces
226:Active regions
134:(as Jaysh al-Islam)
92:Essam al-Buwaydhani
3769:. 30 December 2016
3582:The New York Times
3560:on 5 October 2015.
3054:. 25 December 2015
2989:. 3 February 2016.
2803:. 1 October 2013.
2171:. 2 October 2014.
2049:(26 August 2016).
1642:on 13 October 2017
1387:The New York Times
1374:Shaam News Network
1149:Syrian nationalism
1071:on the suburbs of
1061:
964:
768:Brigade of Islam (
497:Saraya Ahl al-Sham
289:Syrian nationalism
263:Qalamoun Mountains
238:(since April 2018)
236:Aleppo Governorate
219:(since April 2018)
213:(until April 2018)
207:(until April 2018)
156:Qalamoun Mountains
129:(as Liwa al-Islam)
123:Dates of operation
3845:Natasha Bertrand
3795:. 29 October 2017
2966:. 30 March 2015.
2290:. 3 August 2014.
2047:Elizabeth Tsurkov
1791:. 17 April 2017.
1466:, in a speech in
1437:Foreign reactions
1412:was shelled with
1274:Notable incidents
1184:(whom he called "
1160:the Assad regime.
1095:operations room.
813:
794:
793:
782:
555:
549:
486:
478:
472:
327:
314:
309:
304:
293:
135:
130:
3954:
3903:
3902:
3900:Official website
3887:
3854:
3851:Business Insider
3843:
3837:
3836:
3834:
3832:
3811:
3805:
3804:
3802:
3800:
3785:
3779:
3778:
3776:
3774:
3759:
3753:
3752:
3750:
3748:
3733:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3716:
3710:
3703:
3697:
3686:
3680:
3679:
3677:
3675:
3666:. 8 April 2016.
3663:Voice of America
3654:
3648:
3647:
3636:
3627:
3626:
3624:
3622:
3607:
3598:
3597:
3595:
3593:
3573:
3562:
3561:
3550:
3544:
3543:
3532:
3526:
3525:
3514:
3508:
3495:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3484:
3473:
3464:
3463:. 23 March 2016.
3451:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3440:
3425:
3419:
3406:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3395:
3376:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3365:
3344:
3338:
3337:
3335:
3333:
3318:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3307:
3291:
3285:
3284:
3282:
3280:
3265:
3259:
3248:
3242:
3241:
3230:
3221:
3220:
3209:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3198:
3188:
3182:
3181:
3179:
3177:
3167:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3156:
3151:on 4 August 2018
3147:. Archived from
3143:Szakola, Albin.
3140:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3124:on 4 August 2018
3120:. Archived from
3114:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3103:
3092:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3081:
3070:
3064:
3063:
3061:
3059:
3044:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3018:
3012:
3011:
3009:
3007:
2996:
2990:
2978:
2972:
2971:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2945:
2930:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2919:
2900:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2886:
2871:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2860:
2849:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2838:
2823:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2812:
2793:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2782:
2760:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2749:
2744:. 31 August 2017
2734:
2721:
2720:
2709:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2679:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2653:
2647:
2646:
2644:
2642:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2612:
2597:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2586:
2567:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2553:
2548:on 13 April 2019
2544:. Archived from
2537:
2531:
2530:
2523:Long War Journal
2514:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2503:
2484:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2473:
2454:
2448:
2447:
2436:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2422:
2402:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2372:
2366:
2365:
2350:
2344:
2343:
2337:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2310:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2269:
2250:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2239:
2224:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2194:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2165:
2156:
2143:
2137:
2124:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2098:
2092:
2091:
2086:
2084:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2043:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2024:. 1 October 2013
2014:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1977:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1948:
1942:
1941:
1929:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1909:. Archived from
1903:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1843:
1834:
1833:
1822:
1816:
1815:
1803:
1797:
1796:
1785:
1776:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1766:on 2 August 2018
1762:. Archived from
1755:
1749:
1748:
1743:. 14 July 2017.
1733:
1727:
1726:
1714:
1708:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1670:
1664:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1638:. Archived from
1636:RFS Media Office
1627:
1621:
1620:
1604:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1587:
1576:
1567:
1546:
1539:
1512:
1507:
1506:
1408:neighborhood in
1301:Syrian Air Force
1258:
1246:
1234:
1176:or specifically
1115:Al-Rahman Legion
1101:al-Rahman Legion
999:Free Syrian Army
862:Free Syrian Army
850:Free Syrian Army
843:Syrian Civil War
835:Brigade of Islam
832:
818:
808:
806:
787:
777:
775:
765:Preceded by
757:
752:
749:
747:
732:
730:
729:
720:
718:
717:
708:
706:
705:
579:Syrian Civil War
572:Battles and wars
553:
547:
545:al-Rahman Legion
538:
537:
536:
526:
507:
506:
505:
495:
494:
493:
484:
476:
470:
468:al-Rahman Legion
461:
460:
459:
451:Free Syrian Army
449:
448:
447:
436:
434:
433:
423:
421:
420:
409:
407:
406:
396:
394:
393:
374:
373:
372:
361:
360:
359:
348:
347:
346:
335:
334:
333:
325:
312:
307:
302:
291:
232:Turkish-occupied
133:
128:
124:
105:Mohammed Alloush
101:Political leader
82:
63:
55:
46:
45:
44:
32:
31:
3962:
3961:
3957:
3956:
3955:
3953:
3952:
3951:
3907:
3906:
3898:
3897:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3883:978-019046247-5
3862:
3857:
3844:
3840:
3830:
3828:
3813:
3812:
3808:
3798:
3796:
3787:
3786:
3782:
3772:
3770:
3761:
3760:
3756:
3746:
3744:
3734:
3730:
3722:
3718:
3717:
3713:
3704:
3700:
3696:. 9 April 2016.
3687:
3683:
3673:
3671:
3656:
3655:
3651:
3638:
3637:
3630:
3620:
3618:
3609:
3608:
3601:
3591:
3589:
3574:
3565:
3552:
3551:
3547:
3534:
3533:
3529:
3516:
3515:
3511:
3505:Wayback Machine
3496:
3492:
3482:
3480:
3475:
3474:
3467:
3452:
3448:
3438:
3436:
3427:
3426:
3422:
3416:Wayback Machine
3407:
3403:
3393:
3391:
3378:
3377:
3373:
3363:
3361:
3356:. 22 May 2015.
3346:
3345:
3341:
3331:
3329:
3320:
3319:
3315:
3305:
3303:
3294:Joshua Landis.
3292:
3288:
3278:
3276:
3266:
3262:
3249:
3245:
3238:Middle East Eye
3232:
3231:
3224:
3211:
3210:
3206:
3196:
3194:
3190:
3189:
3185:
3175:
3173:
3169:
3168:
3164:
3154:
3152:
3141:
3137:
3127:
3125:
3116:
3115:
3111:
3101:
3099:
3093:
3089:
3079:
3077:
3072:
3071:
3067:
3057:
3055:
3046:
3045:
3041:
3031:
3029:
3019:
3015:
3005:
3003:
2998:
2997:
2993:
2979:
2975:
2958:
2957:
2953:
2943:
2941:
2932:
2931:
2927:
2917:
2915:
2908:Asharq Al-Awsat
2902:
2901:
2894:
2884:
2882:
2873:
2872:
2868:
2858:
2856:
2851:
2850:
2846:
2836:
2834:
2825:
2824:
2820:
2810:
2808:
2795:
2794:
2790:
2780:
2778:
2770:The Independent
2761:
2757:
2747:
2745:
2736:
2735:
2724:
2711:
2710:
2706:
2696:
2694:
2681:
2680:
2676:
2666:
2664:
2654:
2650:
2640:
2638:
2631:Washington Post
2625:
2624:
2620:
2610:
2608:
2599:
2598:
2594:
2584:
2582:
2575:Daily Telegraph
2569:
2568:
2561:
2551:
2549:
2538:
2534:
2515:
2511:
2501:
2499:
2498:on 5 April 2015
2486:
2485:
2481:
2471:
2469:
2468:on 14 July 2014
2456:
2455:
2451:
2438:
2437:
2430:
2420:
2418:
2403:
2399:
2389:
2387:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2352:
2351:
2347:
2331:
2330:
2323:
2321:
2314:"Archived copy"
2312:
2311:
2307:
2297:
2295:
2282:
2281:
2277:
2267:
2265:
2260:. 28 May 2014.
2252:
2251:
2247:
2237:
2235:
2226:
2225:
2218:
2208:
2206:
2195:
2188:
2178:
2176:
2167:
2166:
2159:
2153:Wayback Machine
2144:
2140:
2134:Wayback Machine
2125:
2121:
2111:
2109:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2082:
2080:
2071:
2070:
2066:
2044:
2037:
2027:
2025:
2016:
2015:
2004:
1994:
1992:
1979:
1978:
1971:
1961:
1959:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1930:
1926:
1916:
1914:
1905:
1904:
1900:
1890:
1888:
1875:
1874:
1870:
1860:
1858:
1851:Middle East Eye
1845:
1844:
1837:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1804:
1800:
1787:
1786:
1779:
1769:
1767:
1756:
1752:
1735:
1734:
1730:
1715:
1711:
1703:
1699:
1689:
1687:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1659:
1655:
1645:
1643:
1628:
1624:
1605:
1601:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1574:
1568:
1559:
1555:
1550:
1549:
1540:
1536:
1531:
1508:
1501:
1498:
1490:
1476:Jabhat al-Nusra
1468:Aspen, Colorado
1460:
1444:
1439:
1402:
1396:
1370:
1354:
1334:
1328:
1311:In March 2016,
1309:
1287:SAM systems in
1281:
1276:
1271:
1270:
1269:
1266:
1259:
1250:
1247:
1238:
1235:
1224:
1223:
1218:
1142:
1139:
1093:Jaish al-Fustat
1081:
1046:
1040:
995:
953:
941:Hassan Turkmani
913:
908:
790:
789:
767:
744:
736:
727:
725:
724:
715:
713:
712:
703:
701:
690:
582:
581:
534:
532:
503:
501:
491:
489:
457:
455:
445:
443:
431:
429:
418:
416:
404:
402:
391:
389:
378:
370:
368:
367:
365:
357:
355:
354:
352:
344:
342:
341:
339:
331:
329:
328:
313:(February 2018)
310:
308:(December 2016)
305:
287:
131:
122:
95:
88:Military leader
78:
70:Founding leader
64:
58:
56:
30:
25:
12:
11:
5:
3960:
3950:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3905:
3904:
3893:
3892:External links
3890:
3882:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3855:
3853:, 12 July 2016
3838:
3806:
3780:
3754:
3728:
3711:
3698:
3681:
3649:
3646:. 25 May 2016.
3644:Deutsche Welle
3628:
3599:
3563:
3545:
3527:
3509:
3490:
3465:
3446:
3420:
3401:
3371:
3339:
3328:on 25 May 2015
3313:
3286:
3260:
3243:
3222:
3204:
3183:
3162:
3135:
3109:
3087:
3065:
3039:
3013:
2991:
2973:
2951:
2925:
2892:
2866:
2844:
2818:
2788:
2755:
2722:
2704:
2687:Foreign Policy
2674:
2648:
2618:
2592:
2559:
2532:
2509:
2479:
2449:
2428:
2397:
2367:
2345:
2305:
2275:
2245:
2216:
2186:
2157:
2138:
2119:
2093:
2079:on 22 May 2015
2064:
2035:
2002:
1969:
1943:
1924:
1898:
1868:
1853:. 7 May 2015.
1835:
1817:
1798:
1777:
1750:
1728:
1709:
1707:, p. 168.
1697:
1665:
1663:, p. 344.
1653:
1622:
1599:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1525:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1497:
1494:
1459:
1456:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1406:Sheikh Maqsood
1395:
1392:
1369:
1366:
1360:in north-east
1353:
1350:
1327:
1324:
1308:
1305:
1289:Eastern Ghouta
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1268:
1267:
1260:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1138:
1135:
1119:Tahrir al-Sham
1089:Al-Nusra Front
1080:
1077:
1065:Zahran Alloush
1053:Zahran Alloush
1039:
1036:
1032:Al-Nusra Front
994:
991:
983:al-Nusra Front
952:
949:
945:al-Nusra Front
917:Zahran Alloush
912:
909:
907:
904:
877:Eastern Ghouta
816:Jayš al-ʾIslām
797:Jaysh al-Islam
792:
791:
763:
762:
759:
758:
742:
738:
737:
699:
692:
691:
689:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
577:
576:
575:
573:
569:
568:
567:
566:
564:Jaysh al-Ummah
561:
559:Tahrir al-Sham
556:
550:
542:
530:
518:
514:
513:
512:
511:
499:
487:
482:Al-Nusra Front
479:
473:
465:
453:
441:
427:
414:
400:
385:
381:
380:
320:
316:
315:
301:20,000–25,000
299:
295:
294:
286:
285:
278:Sunni Islamism
275:
269:
268:
267:
266:
259:
252:
246:
239:
227:
223:
222:
221:
220:
214:
208:
191:
187:
186:
185:
184:
174:
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169:
168:
152:
151:
141:
137:
136:
125:
119:
118:
112:
108:
107:
102:
98:
97:
89:
85:
84:
74:Zahran Alloush
71:
67:
66:
48:
47:
37:
36:
35:Jaysh al-Islam
28:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3959:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3901:
3896:
3895:
3888:
3885:
3879:
3875:
3871:
3870:
3852:
3848:
3842:
3826:
3822:
3821:
3816:
3810:
3794:
3790:
3784:
3768:
3764:
3758:
3743:
3739:
3732:
3721:
3715:
3708:
3702:
3695:
3691:
3685:
3669:
3665:
3664:
3659:
3653:
3645:
3641:
3635:
3633:
3616:
3612:
3606:
3604:
3587:
3583:
3579:
3572:
3570:
3568:
3559:
3555:
3549:
3541:
3537:
3531:
3523:
3519:
3513:
3506:
3502:
3499:
3494:
3478:
3472:
3470:
3462:
3461:
3456:
3450:
3434:
3430:
3424:
3417:
3413:
3410:
3405:
3389:
3385:
3384:Syria Comment
3381:
3375:
3359:
3355:
3351:
3350:
3343:
3327:
3323:
3317:
3301:
3297:
3290:
3275:
3271:
3264:
3257:
3253:
3247:
3240:. 1 May 2017.
3239:
3235:
3229:
3227:
3218:
3214:
3208:
3193:
3187:
3172:
3166:
3150:
3146:
3139:
3123:
3119:
3113:
3098:
3091:
3076:. 3 July 2015
3075:
3069:
3053:
3049:
3043:
3028:
3024:
3017:
3001:
2995:
2988:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2955:
2939:
2935:
2929:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2899:
2897:
2880:
2876:
2870:
2854:
2848:
2832:
2828:
2822:
2806:
2802:
2798:
2792:
2776:
2772:
2771:
2766:
2759:
2743:
2739:
2733:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2718:
2714:
2708:
2692:
2688:
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2678:
2663:
2659:
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2628:
2622:
2606:
2602:
2596:
2580:
2576:
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2513:
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2489:
2483:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2453:
2445:
2441:
2435:
2433:
2416:
2412:
2411:Syria Comment
2408:
2401:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2371:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2349:
2341:
2335:
2319:
2315:
2309:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2279:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2249:
2233:
2229:
2223:
2221:
2204:
2200:
2193:
2191:
2174:
2170:
2164:
2162:
2154:
2150:
2147:
2142:
2135:
2131:
2128:
2123:
2107:
2103:
2097:
2090:
2078:
2074:
2068:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2042:
2040:
2023:
2019:
2013:
2011:
2009:
2007:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1976:
1974:
1958:on 7 May 2018
1957:
1953:
1947:
1939:
1935:
1928:
1912:
1908:
1902:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1872:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1842:
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1831:
1827:
1821:
1813:
1809:
1802:
1794:
1790:
1784:
1782:
1765:
1761:
1754:
1746:
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1724:
1720:
1713:
1706:
1701:
1685:
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1680:
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1669:
1662:
1657:
1641:
1637:
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1626:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1603:
1584:
1580:
1573:
1566:
1564:
1562:
1557:
1544:
1538:
1534:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1505:
1500:
1493:
1487:
1483:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1472:Ahrar al-Sham
1469:
1465:
1455:
1452:
1448:
1434:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1401:
1391:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1379:
1378:human shields
1375:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1333:
1323:
1321:
1316:
1315:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1264:
1257:
1252:
1245:
1240:
1233:
1228:
1227:
1213:
1210:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1170:Bilad al-Sham
1167:
1161:
1156:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1134:
1132:
1128:
1123:
1120:
1116:
1111:
1109:
1108:Ahrar al-Sham
1104:
1102:
1098:
1097:Ahrar al-Sham
1094:
1090:
1086:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1035:
1033:
1028:
1026:
1021:
1019:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
990:
988:
984:
980:
975:
972:
970:
962:
957:
948:
946:
942:
938:
934:
933:Dawoud Rajiha
930:
926:
922:
918:
911:Liwa al-Islam
903:
901:
897:
896:Islamic state
893:
889:
888:Ahrar al-Sham
884:
882:
878:
874:
870:
865:
863:
859:
855:
851:
846:
844:
840:
836:
828:
827:Liwa al-Islam
824:
823:
822:Army of Islam
817:
811:
802:
798:
786:
785:Liwa al-Islam
780:
771:
766:
760:
756:
751:
748:.jaishalislam
743:
739:
735:
723:
711:
700:
697:
693:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
647:
644:
642:
639:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
602:
599:
597:
594:
592:
589:
587:
584:
583:
580:
574:
570:
565:
562:
560:
557:
551:
546:
543:
541:
531:
529:
525:
521:
520:
519:
515:
510:
500:
498:
488:
483:
480:
474:
469:
466:
464:
463:Ahrar al-Sham
454:
452:
442:
439:
428:
426:
415:
412:
401:
399:
388:
387:
386:
382:
377:
364:
351:
338:
337:Islamic Front
324:
321:
317:
300:
296:
290:
284:
281:
280:
279:
276:
274:
270:
264:
260:
257:
253:
251:
247:
244:
240:
237:
234:areas in the
233:
230:
229:
228:
224:
218:
215:
212:
209:
206:
202:
198:
194:
193:
192:
188:
182:
181:
180:
179:
171:
166:
165:
163:
162:
161:
160:
157:
149:
148:
146:
142:
138:
132:2013–present
126:
120:
116:
115:Islam Alloush
113:
109:
106:
103:
99:
93:
90:
86:
83:
81:
75:
72:
68:
62:
54:
49:
38:
33:
27:
23:
19:
3868:
3864:
3860:Bibliography
3850:
3841:
3829:. Retrieved
3818:
3809:
3797:. Retrieved
3792:
3783:
3771:. Retrieved
3766:
3757:
3745:. Retrieved
3741:
3731:
3714:
3701:
3694:Kurdistan 24
3684:
3672:. Retrieved
3661:
3652:
3643:
3619:. Retrieved
3590:. Retrieved
3581:
3558:the original
3548:
3530:
3512:
3493:
3481:. Retrieved
3458:
3449:
3437:. Retrieved
3423:
3404:
3392:. Retrieved
3383:
3374:
3362:. Retrieved
3353:
3348:
3342:
3330:. Retrieved
3326:the original
3316:
3304:. Retrieved
3289:
3277:. Retrieved
3273:
3263:
3251:
3246:
3237:
3207:
3195:. Retrieved
3186:
3174:. Retrieved
3165:
3153:. Retrieved
3149:the original
3138:
3126:. Retrieved
3122:the original
3112:
3100:. Retrieved
3095:Lund, Aron.
3090:
3078:. Retrieved
3068:
3056:. Retrieved
3051:
3042:
3030:. Retrieved
3027:The Guardian
3026:
3016:
3004:. Retrieved
2994:
2986:The National
2984:
2976:
2963:
2954:
2942:. Retrieved
2928:
2916:. Retrieved
2912:the original
2907:
2883:. Retrieved
2879:the original
2869:
2857:. Retrieved
2847:
2835:. Retrieved
2821:
2809:. Retrieved
2800:
2791:
2779:. Retrieved
2768:
2758:
2746:. Retrieved
2741:
2716:
2707:
2695:. Retrieved
2686:
2677:
2667:19 September
2665:. Retrieved
2661:
2651:
2639:. Retrieved
2630:
2621:
2609:. Retrieved
2595:
2583:. Retrieved
2574:
2550:. Retrieved
2546:the original
2535:
2522:
2512:
2500:. Retrieved
2496:the original
2491:
2482:
2470:. Retrieved
2466:the original
2461:
2452:
2419:. Retrieved
2410:
2400:
2388:. Retrieved
2379:
2370:
2357:
2348:
2322:. Retrieved
2308:
2296:. Retrieved
2287:
2278:
2266:. Retrieved
2257:
2248:
2236:. Retrieved
2207:. Retrieved
2197:Lund, Aron.
2177:. Retrieved
2141:
2122:
2110:. Retrieved
2096:
2088:
2081:. Retrieved
2077:the original
2067:
2054:
2026:. Retrieved
2021:
1993:. Retrieved
1985:The Guardian
1984:
1960:. Retrieved
1956:the original
1946:
1927:
1915:. Retrieved
1911:the original
1901:
1889:. Retrieved
1880:
1871:
1859:. Retrieved
1850:
1820:
1801:
1768:. Retrieved
1764:the original
1753:
1740:
1731:
1712:
1700:
1688:. Retrieved
1677:
1668:
1656:
1644:. Retrieved
1640:the original
1635:
1625:
1613:The Guardian
1612:
1602:
1590:. Retrieved
1537:
1485:
1479:
1461:
1450:
1445:
1431:Grad rockets
1423:chlorine gas
1403:
1385:
1371:
1355:
1344:belt around
1335:
1314:Syria Deeply
1312:
1310:
1282:
1206:
1194:Zoroastrians
1163:
1158:
1153:sectarianism
1140:
1124:
1112:
1105:
1082:
1062:
1029:
1022:
1015:
996:
987:The Guardian
986:
979:Saudi Arabia
976:
973:
965:
937:Asef Shawkat
914:
892:Saudi Arabia
885:
866:
847:
834:
831:لواء الإسلام
826:
821:
820:
796:
795:
774:لواء الإسلام
764:
440:(until 2018)
413:(until 2018)
411:Saudi Arabia
292:(since 2016)
190:Headquarters
183:17th Brigade
175:
164:8th Brigade
159:
153:
79:
26:
3831:4 September
3799:15 November
3773:15 November
3747:15 November
3705:Sam Heller
3507:5 July 2015
3439:19 November
3279:16 February
3058:25 December
3006:25 December
2944:10 November
2918:15 November
2885:11 November
2859:11 November
2697:14 February
2390:19 November
2288:Goha's Nail
2238:22 November
2112:30 December
1995:10 November
1891:26 December
1810:. Twitter.
1705:Lister 2015
1690:24 February
1661:Lister 2015
1592:10 November
1510:Asia portal
1358:Adra Prison
1025:Fatah Halab
805:جيش الإسلام
554:(sometimes)
548:(sometimes)
477:(sometimes)
471:(sometimes)
379:(2014–2015)
366:(2014–2015)
353:(2014–2015)
340:(2013–2016)
326:(2012–2013)
94:(2015–2019)
43:جيش الإسلام
3911:Categories
3793:Al Jazeera
3742:Al Jazeera
3621:2 November
3592:2 November
3252:Tagesschau
3052:Al-Jazeera
3032:24 January
2837:7 November
2781:7 November
2641:7 November
2585:5 December
2421:7 November
2258:Al Monitor
1553:References
1464:John Kerry
1398:See also:
1330:See also:
1320:Sharia law
1069:air strike
1042:See also:
900:Sharia law
819:, meaning
485:(formerly)
303:(May 2015)
203:suburb of
127:2011–2013
3767:MoD Russa
3394:19 August
3364:19 August
2964:Al-Souria
2552:8 January
1741:All4Syria
1209:McClatchy
829:(Arabic:
810:romanized
779:romanized
517:Opponents
248:Southern
217:Jarabulus
199:, in the
176:Southern
172:7th Group
111:Spokesman
3825:Archived
3674:11 April
3668:Archived
3615:Archived
3586:Archived
3540:Archived
3522:Archived
3501:Archived
3433:Archived
3412:Archived
3388:Archived
3358:Archived
3306:31 March
3300:Archived
3217:Archived
2968:Archived
2938:Archived
2831:Archived
2805:Archived
2775:Archived
2691:Archived
2635:Archived
2605:Archived
2579:Archived
2527:Archived
2492:ARA News
2462:ARA News
2444:Archived
2442:. SOHR.
2415:Archived
2384:Archived
2380:NOW News
2362:Archived
2334:cite web
2318:Archived
2298:6 August
2292:Archived
2262:Archived
2232:Archived
2203:Archived
2173:Archived
2149:Archived
2130:Archived
2106:Archived
2059:Archived
1989:Archived
1938:Archived
1885:Archived
1855:Archived
1830:Archived
1812:Archived
1793:Archived
1770:25 April
1745:Archived
1723:Archived
1684:Archived
1679:BBC News
1646:20 March
1617:Archived
1583:Archived
1496:See also
1362:Damascus
1346:Damascus
1293:Mil Mi-8
1285:9K33 Osa
1198:Umayyads
1190:Alawites
1182:Shi'ites
1178:Damascus
1145:Salafism
1137:Ideology
1091:and its
1073:Damascus
925:Salafist
869:Damascus
839:Islamist
283:Salafism
273:Ideology
261:Eastern
254:Greater
250:Damascus
241:Eastern
201:Damascus
195:Eastern
178:Damascus
154:Eastern
143:Eastern
140:Group(s)
117:(former)
3354:YouTube
3256:Germany
3197:14 June
3176:14 June
3155:14 June
3128:14 June
3102:14 June
3080:14 June
2748:5 March
2662:Reuters
2502:2 April
2472:10 July
2324:8 April
2209:14 June
2179:14 June
2022:Reuters
1917:14 July
1414:mortars
906:History
812::
781::
741:Website
319:Part of
306:18,000
205:Otaybah
80:†
3880:
3483:1 July
3332:25 May
3250:ARD's
2611:11 May
2268:3 June
2083:20 May
1410:Aleppo
1342:Ghouta
1202:Ghouta
1186:Rafida
1174:Levant
921:prison
898:under
801:Arabic
770:Arabic
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