536:
stretches for several hundred kilometers. Firstly, the Japurá receives a long bifurcation from the Solimões itself and then drains into it through a main mouth located opposite the city of Tefé. However, a secondary branch, the Paraná Copea, continues its winding course until it rejoins the Solimões River 300 km downstream. This multiple confluence (resembling a very elongated delta) complicates the measurement of the length of the Caquetá-Japurá, which varies, depending on the method used, from 2200 to 2800 km, especially because the boundaries between the basins of other tributaries and sub-tributaries of the Amazon system are unclear in this flat, flooded, and swampy area. Some tributaries of the Japurá River originate very close to the Solimões River (Auati Paraná River), and some tributaries of the Negro River arise near the Japurá (Uneiuxi, Cuiuni, and Unini rivers), with connections and bifurcations between them during flood seasons.
33:
42:
651:, who descended it, described it as full of obstacles to navigation, the current very strong and the stream frequently interrupted by rapids and cataracts. It was initially supposed to have eight mouths, but colonial administrator Francisco Xavier Ribeiro Sampaio, in the historic report of his voyage of 1774, determined that there was but one real mouth, and that the supposed others are all
662:
In 1864–1868, the
Brazilian government made a somewhat careful examination of the Brazilian part of the river, as far up as the rapid of Cupati. Several very easy and almost complete water routes exist between the Japurá and Negro across the low, flat intervening country. The Baron of Marajó wrote
535:
The Caquetá-Japurá is a "white water" river, which, like all rivers descending from the Andes, carries a significant alluvial load that it partly deposits when joining the Solimões (Amazon) River on its left bank. This is why the accumulated sediments on the banks have shaped a complex mouth that
532:), near the town of La Pedrera. It then enters Brazilian territory, in the Amazon, where it is known as the Japurá River. In its lower course, it is joined by the Auati Paraná and Mirim Pirajuana rivers (the latter is sometimes considered a secondary branch, or a dead or backwater of the river).
579:
believed that their resistance resulted in those two indigenous nations suffering the most under the
Peruvian Amazon Company's management and the near extinction of those two groups by 1910. Hundreds of indigenous people died while subjected to the Peruvian Amazon Company agents at Matanzas, La
555:
in 1910. While citing a book published by
English lieutenant Henry Lister Maw, Casement noted that these slave raids had been continued by Brazilian and Portuguese men. The territory of the Peruvian Amazon Company extended between the Putumayo and Japurá Rivers during the rubber boom.
563:. Near the Caqueta River, the Andoque, Boras, Muinane, Manuya, Recigaro and other nations were forced to extract rubber at the Peruvian Amazon Company's stations. The Andoque workforce was largely based around the Matanzas rubber station, managed by the infamous
575:. Several writers that were contemporary to the rubber boom, including Roger Casement, noted that the Boras and Andoques nations were more resistant to enslavement and attempts by rubber tappers to conquer them.
803:
772:
1124:
Slavery in Peru: Message from the
President of the United States Transmitting Report of the Secretary of State, with Accompanying Papers, Concerning the Alleged Existence of Slavery in Peru
810:
779:
647:
The 19th-century
Brazilian historian and geographer José Coelho da Gama e Abreu, the Baron of Marajó, attributed 970 kilometres (600 mi) of navigable stretches to it.
690:. The boats carry a multitude of cargoes, sometimes being chartered, sometimes even being traveling general stores. In the Colombian section, the presence of
576:
804:"PLANO ESTADUAL DE RECURSOS HÍDRICOS DO AMAZONAS, (PERH/AM) - RT 03 - DIAGNÓSTICO, PROGNÓSTICO E CENÁRIOS FUTUROS DO RECURSOS HÍDRICOS DO ESTADO - TOMO III"
773:"PLANO ESTADUAL DE RECURSOS HÍDRICOS DO AMAZONAS, (PERH/AM) - RT 03 - DIAGNÓSTICO, PROGNÓSTICO E CENÁRIOS FUTUROS DO RECURSOS HÍDRICOS DO ESTADO - TOMO III"
559:
Many of the indigenous nations between these rivers were enslaved by the
Peruvian Amazon Company, which was originally founded by the Peruvian rubber baron
539:
Although the Caquetá/Japurá is a broad and voluminous river, the existence of numerous rapids throughout its course has significantly hindered navigation.
567:. The Boras people were primarily dedicated to rubber extraction around the stations of Abisinia, Santa Catalina and La Sabana correspondingly managed by
1177:
1162:
1075:
The
Putumayo, the Devil's Paradise; Travels in the Peruvian Amazon Region and an Account of the Atrocities Committed Upon the Indians Therein
913:
874:
1172:
102:
1089:
758:
1056:
1029:
1002:
939:
847:
572:
547:
Slave raids against the indigenous people of the
Caqueta/Japurá River valley had persisted for at least 100 years prior to
504:(as the Amazon's upper Brazilian course is called) receives three more imposing streams from the northwest—the Japurá, the
752:
744:
568:
668:
1167:
297:
9,937 m/s (350,900 cu ft/s) (Period: 1991–2020)10,273 m/s (362,800 cu ft/s)
1147:
488:, and augments its volume from many branches as it courses through Colombia. It flows southeast into
221:
596:
weighing up to 91 kg (201 lb) and measuring up to 1.8 metres (5.9 ft) in length,
1046:
992:
1122:
834:
717:
428:
619:
through which the eastern Caquetá originally flowed has been cleared for pasture, crops of
280:
560:
8:
1097:
868:
592:
ecoregion. The river is home to a wide variety of fish and reptiles, including enormous
704:
497:
907:
1052:
1025:
998:
935:
843:
748:
552:
496:
through a network of channels. It is navigable by small boats in Brazil. West of the
738:
501:
171:
217:
1019:
929:
564:
485:
440:
416:
664:
589:
412:
224:(736 km upstream of mouth - Basin size: 199,090 km (76,870 sq mi)
548:
525:
404:
663:
that there were six of them, and one which connects the upper Japurá with the
529:
1156:
902:
863:
674:
The river serves as a principal means of transportation, being plied by tiny
648:
117:
104:
408:
675:
597:
493:
465:
461:
432:
175:
88:
703:
The Japurá River is the namesake of the main Earth
Federation base in the
1073:
659:, as the diverting secondary channels of the Amazonian rivers are known.
436:
83:
917:. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 787.
878:. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 600.
632:
513:
167:
32:
691:
683:
679:
464:. It rises in Colombia and flows eastward through Brazil to join the
528:(which is 1,370 km long when combined with one of its sources, the
505:
481:
344:
284:
68:
960:
601:
593:
41:
191:(Period: 1979–2015)18,121.6 m/s (639,960 cu ft/s)
867:
628:
616:
609:
605:
509:
489:
179:
63:
972:
948:
906:
827:
671:
of the respective valleys have easy contact with each other.
624:
477:
457:
737:
Ziesler, R.; Ardizzone, G.D. (1979). "Amazon River System".
636:
620:
508:(referred to as the Putumayo before it crosses over into
46:
Map of the Amazon Basin with the Japurá River highlighted
745:
Food and
Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
492:, where it is called the Japurá. The Japurá enters the
287:(Basin size: 144,098 km (55,637 sq mi)
1148:
Environmental information of Colombian Amazon region
1051:. Methuen & Company, Limited. pp. 158–159.
997:. Methuen & Company, Limited. pp. 158–159.
347:(Basin size: 53,636 km (20,709 sq mi)
588:For much of its length the river flows through the
484:. The Caquetá River rises near the sources of the
1154:
1088:
736:
1121:
978:
966:
954:
707:television series, transliterated as "Jaburo."
524:On the border with Brazil, it meets the long
254:33,400 m/s (1,180,000 cu ft/s)
1024:. Anaconda Editions, 1997. p. 109,250.
635:, and in the past two decades, particularly
476:The river rises as the Caquetá River in the
573:Arístides Rodríguez and his brother Aurelio
456:is a 2,820 kilometres (1,750 mi) long
317:19,800 m/s (700,000 cu ft/s)
234:13,758 m/s (485,900 cu ft/s)
1127:. United States. Department of State. 1913
1071:
694:and soldiers used to limit river traffic.
377:7,900 m/s (280,000 cu ft/s)
357:3,717 m/s (131,300 cu ft/s)
1044:
990:
307:1,800 m/s (64,000 cu ft/s)
244:2,000 m/s (71,000 cu ft/s)
145:276,812 km (106,878 sq mi)
1017:
934:. Anaconda Editions, 1997. p. 243.
927:
901:
897:
895:
893:
891:
889:
887:
885:
862:
367:790 m/s (28,000 cu ft/s)
1155:
1096:, Myers Enterprises II, archived from
1178:International rivers of South America
882:
761:from the original on 8 November 2014.
697:
1163:Rivers of Amazonas (Brazilian state)
1021:The Amazon Journal of Roger Casement
931:The Amazon Journal of Roger Casement
519:
13:
740:The Inland waters of Latin America
730:
14:
1189:
1141:
40:
31:
1173:Tributaries of the Amazon River
1114:
1082:
1065:
1048:The Upper Reaches of the Amazon
1038:
1011:
994:The Upper Reaches of the Amazon
984:
921:
856:
836:ESTUDIO NACIONAL DEL AGUA 2022
796:
765:
667:branch of the Negro; thus the
583:
96: • coordinates
1:
723:
642:
137:2,036 km (1,265 mi)
78:Physical characteristics
7:
1072:Hardenburg, Walter (1912).
711:
580:Sabana and Santa Catalina.
339: • location
276: • location
213: • location
163: • location
10:
1194:
1078:. T.F. Unwin. p. 302.
1045:Woodroffe, Joseph (1914).
991:Woodroffe, Joseph (1914).
809:. Jan 2019. Archived from
778:. Jan 2019. Archived from
542:
373: • maximum
363: • minimum
353: • average
313: • maximum
303: • minimum
293: • average
250: • maximum
240: • minimum
230: • average
187: • average
471:
422:
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141:
133:
94:
82:
77:
56:
51:
39:
30:
21:
16:River in Brazil, Colombia
1018:Casement, Roger (1997).
928:Casement, Roger (1997).
551:'s investigation of the
424: • right
914:Encyclopædia Britannica
875:Encyclopædia Britannica
400: • left
979:Slavery in Peru 1913
967:Slavery in Peru 1913
955:Slavery in Peru 1913
118:3.16556°S 64.78083°W
577:Joseph R. Woodroffe
386:Basin features
123:-3.16556; -64.78083
114: /
1168:Rivers of Colombia
969:, p. 277,280.
718:Caquetá Department
705:Mobile Suit Gundam
698:In Popular Culture
1058:978-0-7222-6485-0
1031:978-1-901990-05-8
1004:978-0-7222-6485-0
941:978-1-901990-05-8
849:978-958-5489-12-7
686:known locally as
669:indigenous tribes
561:Julio César Arana
553:Putumayo genocide
446:
445:
439:, Miriti-Paraná,
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982:
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964:
958:
952:
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945:
925:
919:
918:
910:
899:
880:
879:
871:
869:"Colombia"
860:
854:
853:
841:
831:
825:
824:
822:
821:
815:
808:
800:
794:
793:
791:
790:
784:
777:
769:
763:
762:
734:
520:Brazilian Course
425:
401:
374:
364:
354:
340:
314:
304:
294:
277:
251:
241:
231:
218:Vila Bittencourt
214:
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44:
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1128:
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1087:
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797:
788:
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775:
771:
770:
766:
755:
735:
731:
726:
714:
700:
678:, larger ones,
645:
586:
569:Abelardo Agüero
565:Armando Normand
545:
522:
486:Magdalena River
474:
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372:
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249:
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186:
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1142:External links
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1094:Global Species
1090:"Purus varzea"
1081:
1064:
1057:
1037:
1030:
1010:
1003:
983:
981:, p. 294.
971:
959:
957:, p. 152.
947:
940:
920:
908:"Amazon"
905:, ed. (1911).
903:Chisholm, Hugh
881:
866:, ed. (1911).
864:Chisholm, Hugh
855:
848:
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549:Roger Casement
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526:Apaporis River
521:
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502:Solimões River
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1100:on 2019-04-22
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816:on 2021-05-06
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754:92-5-000780-9
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695:
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689:
685:
681:
677:
676:dugout canoes
672:
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654:
650:
649:Jules Crevaux
640:
638:
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622:
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598:electric eels
595:
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540:
537:
533:
531:
527:
517:
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511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
480:in southwest
479:
469:
467:
463:
459:
455:
454:Caquetá River
451:
442:
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55:
50:
43:
38:
34:
29:
22:Caquetá River
20:
1129:. Retrieved
1123:
1115:Bibliography
1102:, retrieved
1098:the original
1093:
1084:
1074:
1067:
1047:
1040:
1020:
1013:
993:
986:
974:
962:
950:
930:
923:
912:
873:
858:
835:
829:
818:. Retrieved
811:the original
798:
787:. Retrieved
780:the original
767:
739:
732:
687:
673:
661:
656:
652:
646:
615:Much of the
614:
590:Purus várzea
587:
558:
546:
538:
534:
523:
494:Amazon River
475:
466:Amazon River
462:Amazon basin
453:
450:Japurá River
449:
447:
429:Auati-Paraná
89:Amazon River
25:Japurá River
584:Environment
530:Tunia River
512:), and the
391:Tributaries
121: /
1157:Categories
1104:2017-03-15
820:2021-10-03
789:2021-10-03
724:References
692:guerrillas
684:riverboats
680:motorboats
643:Navigation
633:sugar cane
435:, Jupari,
343:Guaquira,
281:La Pedrera
168:Confluence
142:Basin size
109:64°46′51″W
1131:14 August
498:Rio Negro
441:Cahuinari
417:Orteguaza
330:Discharge
267:Discharge
204:Discharge
154:Discharge
57:Countries
842:. 2023.
759:Archived
712:See also
602:piranhas
482:Colombia
405:Apaporis
345:Colombia
285:Colombia
172:Solimões
106:3°9′56″S
69:Colombia
52:Location
688:lanchas
639:crops.
610:caimans
606:turtles
594:catfish
543:History
460:in the
1055:
1028:
1001:
938:
846:
751:
682:, and
665:Vaupés
631:, and
629:manioc
617:jungle
608:, and
510:Brazil
500:, the
490:Brazil
472:Course
433:Mapari
413:Caguán
394:
333:
270:
207:
180:Brazil
176:Amazon
157:
134:Length
64:Brazil
840:(PDF)
814:(PDF)
807:(PDF)
783:(PDF)
776:(PDF)
657:canos
653:furos
478:Andes
458:river
437:Purui
84:Mouth
1133:2023
1053:ISBN
1026:ISBN
999:ISBN
936:ISBN
844:ISBN
749:ISBN
637:coca
625:corn
621:rice
514:Napo
448:The
409:Yarí
655:or
506:Içá
452:or
178:),
170:of
1159::
1092:,
911:.
884:^
872:.
757:.
747:.
743:.
627:,
623:,
612:.
604:,
600:,
571:,
516:.
468:.
431:,
415:,
411:,
407:,
283:,
220:,
1135:.
1061:.
1034:.
1007:.
944:.
852:.
823:.
792:.
174:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
