Jan Mayen - Knowledge

1040: 1168: 488: 2812: 1493: 1467: 165: 1264: 1359:, one of the islands' many uncharted lava reefs, and the 68-man crew abandoned ship and joined the Norwegian team on shore. The British expedition commander, prompted by the loss of the gunboat, decided to abandon Jan Mayen until the following spring and radioed for a rescue ship. Within a few days a ship arrived and evacuated the four Norwegians and their would-be reinforcements, after demolishing the weather station to prevent it from falling into German hands. 926: 664: 1400:"Condor", probably on a mission to bomb the station, crashed into the nearby mountainside of Danielssenkrateret in fog, killing its crew of nine, and at an unknown date another German plane with four crew members crashed on the southwest side of the island, this crash only becoming public knowledge when the crash site was discovered in 1950. In 1943, the Americans established a radio locating station named Atlantic City in the north to try to locate 615: 1160: 4601: 1272: 2826: 43: 268: 888: 2798: 1393:, and German planes from Norway began to bomb and strafe Jan Mayen whenever weather permitted, but did little damage. Soon supplies and reinforcements arrived, and even some anti-aircraft guns, giving the island a garrison of a few dozen weathermen and soldiers. By 1941, Germany had given up hope of evicting the Allies from the island and the constant air raids stopped. 1198:, of Enkhuizen, wrote a day-by-day account of the season. The ships took two weeks to reach Jan Mayen, arriving early in June. On 15 June they met the two English ships, which Schrobop allowed to remain, on condition they gave half their catch to the Dutch. The ships from Dunkirk were given the same conditions. By late July the first ship had left with a full cargo of 149: 1460:. Permission for landings by a charter plane has to be obtained in advance. Permission to stay on the island has to be obtained in advance, and is generally limited to a few days (or even hours). Putting up a tent or setting up camp is prohibited. There is a separate regulation for the stay of foreigners. 1603:

to the east of the island, and is the only landmass in the northern hemisphere where warm and cold ocean currents meet. The surrounding seas makes seasonal temperature variations very small considering the latitude of the island, with ranges from around 6 °C (43 °F) in August to −4 °C

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in 1619, which produced 2,300 casks of whale oil. During the second phase the hauls were much lower. While 1631 turned out to be a very good season, the following year, due to the weather and ice, only eight whales were caught. In 1633 eleven ships managed to catch just 47 whales; while a meager 42

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That year 200 men were seasonally living and working on the island at six temporary whaling stations (spread along the northwest coast). During the first decade of whaling, more than ten ships visited Jan Mayen each year, while in the second period (1624 and later) five to ten ships were sent. With

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whalers discovered the island "about the same time" and named it "Trinity Island". Muller (1874: pp. 190–191) took this to mean they had come upon Jan Mayen in 1611 or 1612, which was repeated by many subsequent authors. There were, in fact, no Hull whalers in either of these years, the first

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A modern-day trans-Atlantic journey proved the ability of the early navigators to reach all lands of the north Atlantic even further from Ireland than Jan Mayen – and, given favourable winds, at a speed roughly equal to that of modern yachts. Though quite feasible, there is nevertheless no direct

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A regulation dating from 2010 renders the island a nature reserve under Norwegian jurisdiction. The aim of this regulation is to ensure the preservation of a pristine Arctic island and the marine life nearby, including the ocean floor. Landings at Jan Mayen can be done by boat. However, this is

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mentioned in this book is two days' sailing (with favorable winds), consistent with the approximate 550 km (340 mi) to Jan Mayen and not with the minimum 1,550 km (960 mi) to Spitsbergen. However much Jan Mayen may have been known in Europe at that time, it was subsequently

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may roughly double (35) during the summer, when heavy maintenance is performed. Personnel serve either six months or one year and are exchanged twice a year in April and October. The support crew, including mechanics, cooks, and a nurse, are among the military personnel. The military personnel

1210:. About this time the Dutch appear to have abandoned the temporary stations consisting of tents of sail and crude furnaces, replacing them with two semi-permanent stations with wooden storehouses and dwellings and large brick furnaces, one in the above-mentioned South Bay and the other in the 1190:

sent eight ships escorted by three warships under Jan Jacobsz. Schrobop; while the Delft merchants sent up five ships under Adriaen Dircksz. Leversteyn, son of one of the above merchants. There were also two ships from Dunkirk sent by John Clarke, as well as a ship each from London and Hull.

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would become active, but in 1970 it erupted for about three weeks, adding another 3 km (1.2 sq mi) of land mass to the island. It also erupted in 1973 and 1985. During an eruption, the sea temperature around the island may increase from just above freezing to about 30 °C

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the exception of a few ships from Dunkirk, which came to the island in 1617 and were either driven away or forced to give a third of their catch to the Dutch, only the Dutch and merchants from Hull sent up ships to Jan Mayen from 1616 onward. In 1624 ten wooden houses were built in

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in spring 1940. The four-man team on Jan Mayen stayed at their posts and in an act of defiance began sending their weather reports to the United Kingdom instead of Norway. The British codenamed Jan Mayen 'Island X' and attempted to reinforce it with troops to counteract any

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The first verified discoveries of Jan Mayen, by three separate expeditions, occurred in the summer of 1614, probably within one month of each other. The Dutchman Fopp Gerritsz, whilst in command of a whaling expedition sent out by the Englishman John Clarke, of

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expelled the Danish-employed Basque whalers from Spitsbergen. In revenge, the latter sailed to Jan Mayen, where the Dutch had left for the winter, to plunder the Dutch equipment and burn down the settlements and factories. Captain Outger Jacobsz of

726:, two hours away, without landing. For heavy goods, freight ships visit during the summer, but since there are no harbours, the ships must anchor. Tourists arrive with cruise ships which are allowed to bring passengers onshore if weather permits. 937:) navigated throughout the north Atlantic in leather boats, exploring and sometimes settling in distant islands where their monastic communities could be separated from close contact with others. Strong indicators exist of their presence in the 1121:. However, the Delft merchants had decided to keep the discovery secret and returned in 1615 to hunt for their own profit. The ensuing dispute was only settled in 1617, though both companies were allowed to whale at Jan Mayen in the meantime. 1313:

gave Norway jurisdiction over the island, and in 1921 Norway opened the first meteorological station. The Norwegian Meteorological Institute annexed the middle part of the island for Norway in 1922 and the whole island in 1926 when

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had picked them up on radar. The detection was not by chance, as the German plan had been compromised from the beginning with British wireless interceptors of the Radio Security Service following the communications of the

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just before the ship's nuclear reactor malfunctions. The captain is concerned that the reactor will explode and cause a nuclear explosion in the vicinity of the NATO base on the island triggering a nuclear war.

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in addition to some polar bears. But the exploitation soon made the profits decline, and the hunting ended. Polar bears in this region of the Arctic are genetically distinguishable from those living elsewhere.

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from developing. As a result of warming, the 1991-2020 temperature normal shows a mean annual temperature 1.9 °C (3.4 °F) warmer than during 1961-1990, pushing the annual temperature above freezing.

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was locally hunted to near-extinction around 1640 (approximately 1000 had been killed and processed on the island), at which time Jan Mayen was abandoned and stayed uninhabited for two and a half centuries.

2759:, typing "bearhaslanded" into the command console will spawn Jan Mayen as a country in a random location. Players can also specify where Jan Mayen will spawn by including a province ID in the command. In 3949: 1234:

was asked to stay the next winter (1633/34) on Jan Mayen with six shipmates to defend the island. While a group with the same task survived the winter on Spitsbergen, all seven on Jan Mayen died of

3108: 591:. In total, it is estimated that the amount of copper could amount to 21.7 million tonnes, but other estimates are around 7 million tonnes. License for deep sea mining is now under consideration. 1012:

Hull whaling expedition having been sent to the island only in 1616 (see below). As with the previous claim made by Edge, there is no cartographical or written proof for this supposed discovery.

1375:(the German Intelligence service) concerning the operation, and the destroyer had been waiting. Most of the crew struggled ashore and were taken prisoner by a landing party from the destroyer. 1412:

After the war, the meteorological station was located at Atlantic City, but moved in 1949 to a new location. Radio Jan Mayen also served as an important radio station for ship traffic in the

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appear on Jan Mayen, although in diminished numbers compared with earlier times. Between 1900 and 1920, there were a number of Norwegian trappers spending winters on Jan Mayen, hunting

3167: 5345: 3805: 1515:, with an area of 15 km (5.8 sq mi) and a length of 8.7 km (5.41 mi). South-Jan is narrow, comparatively flat and unglaciated. Its highest elevation is 722:

eight times a year. Since the airport does not have any instrument landing capabilities, good visibility is required, and it is not uncommon for the planes to have to return to

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In the 17th century, many claims of the island's rediscovery were made, spurred by the rivalry on the Arctic whaling grounds, and the island received many names. According to

544:(EEZ) around it. Norway has asserted a 200-nautical-mile (370-kilometre) EEZ around the island since 1980 encompassing more than a quarter of a million square kilometers. The 646:, to which it is closest. However, some authority over Jan Mayen has been assigned to the station commander of the Norwegian Defence Logistics Organisation, a branch of the 602:

was settled in 1988 granting Denmark the greater area of sovereignty. Geologists suspect significant deposits of petroleum and natural gas lie below Jan Mayen's surrounding

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network in sites on the Atlantic Ocean; one of the transmitters was to be on Jan Mayen. By 1961 the new military installations, including a new airfield, were operational.

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is allocated but not used) and data code JN. Jan Mayen has telephone and internet connection over satellite, using Norwegian telephone numbers (country code 47). Its

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went ashore. Apparently thinking he had made a new discovery, he named the island "Sir Thomas Smith's Island" and the volcano "Mount Hakluyt". On a map of c. 1634,

4546: 1439:(cabin), Gamlemetten or Gamlestasjonen (the old weather station), Jan Mayen Radio, Helenehytta, Margarethhytta, and Ulla (a cabin at the foot of the Beerenberg). 4483: 3086: 1287:

stayed one year at Jan Mayen. The expedition performed extensive mapping of the area, their maps being of such quality that they were used until the 1950s. The

3937: 3038: 1604:(25 °F) in March, but also makes the island extremely cloudy with little sunshine even during the continuous polar day. The deep snow cover prevents any 428:

The island is mountainous, the highest summit being the Beerenberg volcano in the north. The isthmus is the location of the two largest lakes of the island,

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A map of Jan Mayen during the Golden Age of Dutch exploration and discovery (c. 1590s–1720s). This is a typical map created by Dutch cartographers from the

3244: 3008: 864:-receiver installed, and later in October 1994 the local control of the radio station was terminated. Before the local control was terminated a MF-Digital- 3104: 3857: 1171:"HOLLENDERHAUGEN. HER HVILER TAPRE HOLLANDSKE MENN." Old cross on the grave of seven Dutchmen, reading "The Dutch men's hill. Here rest brave Dutch men". 390:

with no permanent population. It is 55 km (34 mi) long (southwest-northeast) and 373 km (144 sq mi) in area, partly covered by

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was built in 1921 on a part of the island called "Eldsmetten - Norwegian" on the eastern side of the Island. The radiostation consisted of a 3 kW

5340: 3322: 797: 3914: 3564: 3615: 5365: 5335: 1143:'s 1620 edition map of Europe, originally published by Cornelis Doedz in 1606. Blaeu, who lived in Amsterdam, named it "Jan Mayen" after captain 1503:

Jan Mayen consists of two geographically distinct parts. Nord-Jan has a round shape and is dominated by the 2,277 m (7,470 ft) high

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During the first phase of whaling the hauls were generally good, some exceptional. For example, Mathijs Jansz. Hoepstock caught 44 whales in

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and a 55 m (180 ft) wooden radiomast. The station was destroyed by Norwegian forces in September 1940, and the crew was sent to

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Appleby, John C. "Conflict, cooperation and competition: The rise and fall of the Hull whaling trade during the seventeenth century".

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at 769 m (2,523 ft). The station and living quarters are located on South-Jan. The island lies at the northern end of the

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No Man's Land: A History of Spitsbergen from Its Discovery in 1596 to the Beginning of the Scientific Exploration of the Country

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could only have come by on his voyage in 1607 (if he had made an illogical detour) and he made no mention of it in his journal.

5350: 1284: 1179:, which had been given a monopoly on whaling in the Arctic regions by the States General in 1614. Only two ships, one from the 1029: 900: 31: 192: 5291: 5287: 5056: 3551: 3496: 1473: 1401: 996:] Hudson" discovered the island in 1608 and named it "Hudson's Touches" (or "Tutches"). However, the well-known explorer 4144: 3835: 3779: 3637: 3130: 1511:(114.2 km or 44 sq mi), which can be divided into twenty individual outlet glaciers. The largest of those is 5360: 4149: 1151:. Blaeu made the first detailed map of the island in his famous "Zeespiegel" atlas of 1623, establishing its current name. 1144: 1078: 506:, from a site located at Trongskaret. Other than this, economic activity is limited to providing services for employees of 4830: 4245: 4183: 4170: 3192: 1114: 868:-receiver was installed and controlled remotely from Bodø-Radio. The station is still (Jan 2024) controlled remotely via 107: 849:

above. In 1962 this station was again moved to "Helenesanden - Norwegian" about 3 km (1.9 mi) north from the

675: 4208: 4175: 3090: 2786:, directed by Hugo Pettit, documents the recreation of the 1921 British expedition to the summit of Mount Beerenberg. 79: 4091: 4022:"100 years after the first ascent of the world's northernmost active volcano, this team climbed it again. Here's why" 3543: 2844: 1118: 126: 1214:. In 1628 two forts were built to protect the stations. Among the sailors active at Jan Mayen was the later admiral 4728: 3871: 3222: 1584: 1389:, dropped 12 Norwegian weathermen on the island. The team's radio transmissions soon betrayed its presence to the 3663: 1044: 86: 3000: 2769:, set in the nineteenth century, certain decisions will see polar bears take charge of Jan Mayen's military. 801: 772:

prefix is JX. It has a postal code, NO-8099 JAN MAYEN, but delivery time varies, especially during the winter.

401:). It has two parts: larger northeast Nord-Jan and smaller Sør-Jan, linked by a 2.5 km (1.6 mi) wide 64: 24: 4513: 687: 627: 4912: 4157: 2893: 1066:, had been established to support Dutch whaling in the Arctic. Two of its ships, financed by merchants from 5385: 4927: 4658: 1349: 1292: 93: 3971: 3318: 3030: 933:

Between the fifth and ninth centuries (400–900 AD), numerous communities of monks originating in Ireland (

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www.janmayen2011.org - a site about JX5O - international ham radio expedition to Jan Mayen island in 2011

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Dansk-Norsk Hvalfangst 1615-1660: En Studie over Danmark-Norges Stilling i Europæisk Merkantil Expansion.

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Dansk-Norsk Hvalfangst 1615-1660: En Studie over Danmark-Norges Stilling i Europæisk Merkantil Expansion

1007:(1820: p. 154), referring to the mistaken belief that the Dutch had discovered the island in 1611, 548:

is responsible for conducting fishery and other maritime surveillance and enforcement in these waters.

5355: 5153: 4848: 4707: 3757: 2765:, also published by Paradox Interactive, players can play as Jan Mayen during the Second World War. In 1025: 896: 60: 4192: 4130: 1109:, had already been at the island when they arrived. They had assumed the latter, who named the island 75: 5380: 4165: 3910: 2839: 1056:, claimed (in 1631) to have discovered the island on 28 June and named it "Isabella". In January the 711: 491: 436:(North Lagoon). A third lake is called Ullerenglaguna (Ullereng Lagoon). Jan Mayen was formed by the 3453:. Cambridge, At the University Press, p. 79. He called it "Pico" according to Dalgård, Sune (1962). 5375: 4951: 4688: 4396: 4289: 1520: 1456:

As there is no commercial airline operating at the island, one cannot get there by plane except by

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was head of the weather observations base on the island. On 27 February 1930, the island was made

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The only inhabitants on the island are personnel working for the Norwegian Armed Forces and the

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who was on board and mapped the island. The captains acknowledged that a third Dutch ship, the

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The Germans attempted to land a weather team on the island on 16 November 1940; the German

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Alexander King, J. N. Jennings: The Imperial College Expedition to Jan Mayen Island.

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carrying the team crashed on the rocks just off Jan Mayen after a patrolling British

1310: 990:, an early 17th-century whaling captain who was often inaccurate, "William [ 785: 437: 1492: 860:

In 1984 the station was moved to the Norwegian army's station. In 1989 there was an

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on Jan Mayen, except fish in the surrounding waters of the Island and gravel. The

4907: 4631: 4588: 4508: 4187: 4161: 4134: 4111: 3831: 3641: 3134: 1568: 1556: 1528: 1315: 1125: 715: 639: 522: 383: 4411: 5000: 4858: 4624: 4406: 4370: 4180: 1532: 1246: 707: 514: 3938:"Jan Mayen Easter Egg: How & Why You Can Make a Country of Polar Bears in 823:

Jan Mayen Radio was a Norwegian coastal radio station on Jan Mayen. The first

5324: 5187: 5182: 4838: 4815: 4810: 4794: 4758: 4753: 4738: 4618: 4298: 2831: 2817: 2505: 2016: 1363: 1251: 1094: 938: 920: 766: 460:, with the two-letter country code "SJ". It was also given the web domain of 359: 207: 194: 4391: 1222:(The Green Lion). He again went to Jan Mayen in 1635, aboard the same ship. 1163:

Road along the west coast, about 500 metres (1,600 ft) off the station.

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is limited to the operation of the station that is staffed by the Norwegian

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polar station on Jan Mayen Island was built and equipped in 1882 fully at

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permitted only at a small part of the island, named Båtvika (Boat Bay).

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Traditional signpost with directions to civilization on Jan Mayen station

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During the Golden Age of Dutch exploration and discovery (c. 1590s–1720s)

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Arctic Exploration and Development, c. 500 B.C. to 1915: an encyclopedia

925: 911: 800:. There is also a reference station for the satellite navigation system 4917: 4883: 4431: 4426: 4330: 4315: 4202: 2938:. U.S. Executive Office of the President. Page 323. ISBN 9781597974141. 1605: 1560: 1504: 1356: 1302: 1298: 1183:, and the other from the Delft merchants, were off Jan Mayen in 1615. 828: 690:

until it closed at the end of 2015. Both the LORAN transmitter and the

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Nordic Landscapes: Region and Belonging on the Northern Edge of Europe

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Earth's Landscape: An Encyclopedia of the World's Geographic Features

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From 1615 to 1638, Jan Mayen was used as a whaling base by the Dutch

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was constructed on the western side of the island, it was moved to a

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Historic stations and huts on the island are Hoyberg, Vera, Olsbu,

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The following year a score of vessels were sent to the island. The

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returned to the island on 10 March 1941, when the Norwegian ship

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by the Norwegians in modern times); the distance from Iceland to

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Climate data for Jan Mayen 1991–2020 (10 m, extremes 1921–2023)

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physical trace of medieval landings or settlement on Jan Mayen.

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French Naval Operations in Spitsbergen During Louis XIV's Reign

3001:"Norway eyes sea change in deep dive for metals instead of oil" 1372: 1235: 1101:(Little Swan) captained by Jan Jansz Kerckhoff and financed by 955:

testify to the extensive interest in exploration at the time.

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resources, and the existence of Jan Mayen establishes a large

4048:"Tales of Jan Mayen - reviews and where to watch - good.film" 3105:"17 Days Extensive Arctic Ocean - North Spitsbergen Explorer" 1106: 934: 854: 754: 4223: 3447:. Arctic 37: 544-551, p.544. Conway, William Martin (1906). 3319:"Nordlys og navigasjonssystem på Jan Mayen « Jan Mayen" 1595:(maritime polar). Jan Mayen is situated in between the cold 734:

The island has no indigenous population but is assigned the

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Climate data for Jan Mayen (1961–1990, extremes 1921–2010)

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regarding the fishing exclusion zone between Jan Mayen and

576: 568: 526: 148: 3157:"Tildelingsbrev 2022 Samfunnet Jan Mayen - Cyberforsvaret" 1202:; the rest left early in August, several filled with oil. 796:. There has also been established a reference station for 678:. Eighteen people spend the winter on the island, but the 517:

stations located on the island. Jan Mayen has one unpaved

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Louwrens Hacquebord, "The Jan Mayen Whaling Industry" in

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Jan Mayen Island has one exploitable natural resource,

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Important Bird Areas of Norwegian overseas territories

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are located a few kilometres away from the settlement

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in 1975, Curaçao and Dependencies was renamed to the

3031:"Oil majors eye oil, gas off Arctic Jan Mayen island" 630:. Since 1995, Jan Mayen has been administered by the 4084:

Spitsbergen: Svalbard – Franz Josef Land – Jan Mayen

2793: 1258: 1081:(after whom the island was ultimately named) on the 949:, and medieval Gaelic chronicles such as the famous 901:

map many largely unknown isolated areas of the world

4086:, 3rd ed. Chalfont St. Peter: Bradt Travel Guides. 3780:"Jan Mayen's evolution through ice, fire and water" 3596:, pp. 24–25. Alexandria, Virginia: Time-Life Books. 2745:in several grand strategy video games published by 1551:because it is a breeding site for large numbers of 1476:

Panoramic photo of the northwest coast of Jan Mayen

67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 3497:"Journaal van schipper Heertgen Jansz d anno 1616" 3223:"JAN MAYEN HOMESITE, EDITED BY THE JAN MAYEN CREW" 804:on Jan Mayen. There was also an earlier Jan Mayen 464:. However, the domain is not in use and Norway's 405:. It lies 600 km (370 mi) northeast of 5322: 3243:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 2729:(humidity), World Climate data (sunshine hours) 4069: 3563:Hogan, C. Michael (2008). Stromberg, N (ed.). 3193:"Regjeringen sier ja til Galileo på Jan Mayen" 1035:First verified discoveries: mapping and naming 4659: 4540: 4239: 3421:(1957), p. 50. Hart says it occurred in 1613. 3419:De eerste Nederlandse tochten ter walvisvaart 3393:, Stig Skreslet, editor, Springer Verlag 2004 2930: 2928: 2720:Source 1: Norwegian Meteorological Institute 2089:Source 1: Norwegian Meteorological Institute 1348:On 8 November 1940 the Norwegian patrol boat 893:Golden Age of Dutch exploration and discovery 417:, and 900 km (560 mi) northwest of 413:), 500 km (310 mi) east of central 4211:(Norwegian Meteorological institute and NRK) 2975:"Analysis reveals extensive seabed minerals" 1250:were caught by the same number in 1635. The 1085:(Golden Cat), and Jacob de Gouwenaer on the 895:(c. 1590s–1720s), Dutch navigators were the 374: 5117: 4666: 4652: 4547: 4533: 4246: 4232: 3478: 3476: 2925: 2772:The island is mentioned by the captain of 1427:For some time scientists doubted that the 710:military transport planes operated by the 698:(Olonkin Town), where all personnel live. 163: 147: 5302:, which was eventually dissolved in 2010. 4673: 3605: 3363:J. M. Wordie (1922), "Jan Mayen Island", 3359: 3357: 3355: 2922:. ABC-CLIO. Page 362. ISBN 9781610694469. 2873: 897:first non-natives to undisputedly explore 718:'s gravel runway. The planes fly in from 628:an integral part of the Kingdom of Norway 446:Although administered separately, in the 127:Learn how and when to remove this message 5341:Important Bird Areas of Atlantic islands 4209:Weather forecasts for Jan Mayen at yr.no 4171:Photographs and information on Jan Mayen 3935: 3588: 3586: 3468:Geschiedenis van de Noordsche Compagnie. 3434:, Vol. 94, No. 2 (Aug 1939), pp. 115-131 3199:(in Norwegian Bokmål). 13 January 2011. 1491: 1481: 1270: 1262: 1166: 1158: 1038: 924: 886: 662: 613: 559:between Jan Mayen and southern Svalbard/ 486: 3850: 3534:Michael Jones and Kenneth Olwig. 2008. 3473: 3402: 3396: 3385: 3383: 3381: 3379: 3377: 3375: 3373: 3343: 1045:Golden Age of Netherlandish cartography 706:Transport to the island is provided by 5366:Maritime history of the Dutch Republic 5336:Important Bird Areas of Arctic islands 5323: 4164:– Interactive map of Jan Mayen by the 4150:Jan Mayen at Norwegian Polar Institute 3638:"The crash site at Danielssenkrateret" 3618:from the original on 23 September 2020 3460: 3352: 2894:"Jan Mayen er et bitte lite kontinent" 1538: 1285:Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition 1117:, would report their discovery to the 1030:Early modern Netherlandish cartography 1022:Dutch Republic in the Age of Discovery 815:is now decommissioned and demolished. 32:Jan Mayen-class offshore patrol vessel 5150: 5102: 4948: 4685: 4647: 4528: 4227: 4198:LORAN-C Transmission Mast (Jan Mayen) 3936:Bonacchi, Stefano (20 October 2016). 3786:from the original on 26 February 2023 3583: 3562: 3111:from the original on 18 December 2023 2736: 1154: 30:For the Off-shore patrol vessel, see 3952:from the original on 8 November 2022 3838:from the original on 6 February 2022 3730:from the original on 20 January 2021 3567:. globaltwitcher.com. Archived from 3391:Jan Mayen Island in Scientific Focus 3370: 3269:from the original on 9 December 2023 2949:"KYSTVAKTEN – NORWEGIAN COAST GUARD" 2934:Central Intelligence Agency (2016). 1145:Jan Jacobszoon May van Schellinkhout 1079:Jan Jacobszoon May van Schellinkhout 1062:(Northern Company), modelled on the 970:may have been Jan Mayen (instead of 482: 311:0 (up to 35 non-permanent residents) 65:adding citations to reliable sources 36: 16:Norwegian island in the Arctic Ocean 5290:of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; 3972:"Jan Mayen - Hearts of Iron 4 Wiki" 3742: 3525:, XVIII No. 2, (April 2008), 23-59. 3316: 3265:(in Norwegian Bokmål), 5 May 2022, 3131:"The .bv and .sj top level domains" 3041:from the original on 24 August 2013 2900:from the original on 9 October 2022 1327: 1115:Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange 1074:, reached Jan Mayen in July 1614. 551:Norway has found large deposits of 153:NASA satellite image of Jan Mayen, 13: 4950:Colonies and trading posts of the 4687:Colonies and trading posts of the 4176:Satellite Radar image of Jan Mayen 3917:from the original on 16 March 2016 3700:from the original on 15 April 2021 3325:from the original on 13 March 2023 3298:from the original on 13 March 2023 3203:from the original on 13 March 2023 3173:from the original on 13 March 2023 3011:from the original on 18 March 2023 2981:from the original on 18 March 2023 818: 676:Norwegian Meteorological Institute 440:and is defined by geologists as a 14: 5397: 4098: 3760:from the original on 3 March 2024 3538:, University of Minnesota Press, 2880:H. Aschehoug & Co (W Nygaard) 2845:List of islands of Norway by area 1447: 1324:a part of the Kingdom of Norway. 1259:19th and 20th century expeditions 952:Voyage of Saint Brendan the Abbot 227:377 km (146 sq mi) 4599: 3756:. BirdLife International. 2013. 2824: 2810: 2796: 1543:The island was identified as an 1465: 729: 622:volcano beyond the coastal hills 266: 41: 5011:Sint Eustatius and Dependencies 4040: 4014: 3989: 3964: 3929: 3903: 3886:"Statistics: Jan Mayen, Norway" 3878: 3824: 3798: 3772: 3712: 3682: 3656: 3630: 3599: 3556: 3528: 3515: 3489: 3443:Among others: Henrat, P. 1984. 3437: 3424: 3411: 3337: 3310: 3280: 3251: 3215: 3185: 3149: 3123: 3097: 3079: 1402:German radio bases in Greenland 1338:invaded and occupied by Germany 1267:Map of settlements on Jan Mayen 794:Meteorological Agency of Norway 454:are collectively designated as 235:124,100 m (407200 ft) 52:needs additional citations for 3754:Important Bird Areas factsheet 3089:(in Norwegian). Archived from 3053: 3023: 2993: 2967: 2941: 2912: 2886: 2867: 1442: 1385:, escorted by the patrol boat 983:forgotten for some centuries. 912:Unverified "discoveries" of a 903:, including Jan Mayen and the 498:volcano in the westerly winds. 25:German trawler V 401 Jan Mayen 1: 5351:Integral overseas territories 4253: 3997:"Jan Mayen - Victoria 2 Wiki" 3565:"Polar Bear: Ursus maritimus" 1194:Heertje Jansz, master of the 1093:after the Dutch cartographer 658: 594:A dispute between Norway and 4268: 4070:General and cited references 2860: 2741:Jan Mayen is featured as an 1555:, supporting populations of 1531:, but now forms part of the 1139:Jan Mayen first appeared on 1124:In 1615, the English whaler 1077:The captains of these ships— 701: 533:, only offshore anchorages. 475:, which is the northernmost 19:For the fishing trawler and 7: 5361:Islands of the Arctic Ocean 4145:Jan Mayen year round webcam 4122:Central Intelligence Agency 2789: 2578:Average precipitation days 2364:Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 2224:Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 1875:Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 1735:Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 1567:(74,000–147,000 pairs) and 1527:was originally part of the 1407: 1396:On 7 August 1942, a German 1216:Michiel Adriaensz de Ruyter 775: 243:2,277 m (7470 ft) 10: 5402: 5154:Kingdom of the Netherlands 3499:(in Dutch). Archived from 2874:Berulfsen, Bjarne (1969). 2724: 2719: 2104: 2093: 2088: 1615: 1574: 1485: 1147:of the Amsterdam-financed 1026:Dutch mapping of Jan Mayen 1019: 945:before the arrival of the 918: 882: 653: 29: 18: 5281: 5265: 5244: 5228: 5212: 5196: 5165: 5161: 5146: 5113: 5098: 5070: 5034: 4963: 4959: 4944: 4882: 4829: 4803: 4777: 4716: 4700: 4696: 4681: 4609: 4596: 4570: 4501: 4476: 4460: 4379: 4308: 4282: 4261: 4166:Norwegian Polar Institute 4082:Umbreit, Andreas (2005). 3911:"Jan Mayen Climate Guide" 3608:"The Weather War of WWII" 3061:"Loran Station Jan Mayer" 2840:List of islands of Norway 2672: 2624: 2577: 2503: 2433: 2363: 2293: 2223: 2153: 2148: 2145: 2142: 2139: 2136: 2133: 2130: 2127: 2124: 2121: 2118: 2115: 2112: 2109: 2014: 1944: 1874: 1804: 1734: 1664: 1659: 1656: 1653: 1650: 1647: 1644: 1641: 1638: 1635: 1632: 1629: 1626: 1623: 1620: 1599:to the west and the warm 1579:Jan Mayen has an oceanic 1336:, continental Norway was 712:Royal Norwegian Air Force 609: 353: 343: 320: 315: 307: 302: 291: 281: 262: 257: 247: 239: 231: 223: 186: 176: 171: 162: 146: 5252:Curaçao and Dependencies 4986:Curaçao and Dependencies 4964:Colonies in the Americas 4952:Dutch West India Company 4689:Dutch East India Company 4290:Jan Mayen Microcontinent 4186:25 November 2020 at the 3457:G.E.C Gads Forlag, p.160 3432:The Geographical Journal 3365:The Geographical Journal 2918:Quinn, Joyce A. (2015). 1591:, sometimes reckoned as 1563:(10,000–100,000 pairs), 1559:(78,000–160,000 pairs), 1521:Jan Mayen Microcontinent 1281:International Polar Year 1064:Dutch East India Company 477:subaerial active volcano 450:standard, Jan Mayen and 5035:Trading posts in Africa 4769:Northeast coast of Java 4110:20 January 2021 at the 4075:Ledgard, J. M. (2011). 3612:Warfare History Network 3403:Holland, Clive (1994). 3367:Vol 59 (3), pp. 180–194 3321:(in Norwegian Bokmål). 2936:The World Factbook 2009 1507:volcano with its large 1089:(Orange Tree)—named it 542:exclusive economic zone 4295:Svalbard and Jan Mayen 3344:Severin, Tim (2000) , 2878:(in Norwegian). Oslo: 2855:Svalbard and Jan Mayen 1597:East Greenland Current 1565:thick-billed guillemot 1549:BirdLife International 1500: 1276: 1268: 1172: 1164: 1048: 930: 908: 692:meteorological station 671: 648:Norwegian Armed Forces 623: 499: 468:is used in its place. 457:Svalbard and Jan Mayen 316:Additional information 240:Highest elevation 5288:constituent countries 4821:West coast of Sumatra 4675:Dutch colonial empire 4181:Glaciers of Jan Mayen 4079:. Coffee House Press. 4001:vic2.paradoxwikis.com 3976:hoi4.paradoxwikis.com 3940:Europa Universalis IV 3872:registration required 3592:Rigge, Simon (1980), 3466:Samuel Muller. 1874. 3087:"Loran C er historie" 2757:Europa Universalis IV 2752:Europa Universalis IV 1585:Köppen classification 1495: 1482:Geography and geology 1420:started building the 1274: 1266: 1170: 1162: 1113:(or Mauritius) after 1042: 928: 890: 832:spark-gap transmitter 782:exploitable resources 720:Bodø Main Air Station 666: 617: 587:and rare earth metal 546:Norwegian Coast Guard 490: 471:Jan Mayen is home to 372:Urban East Norwegian: 5300:Netherlands Antilles 4572:Unincorporated areas 4556:Unincorporated areas 4160:3 March 2016 at the 4133:22 July 2011 at the 3858:"NORWAY - JAN MAYEN" 3523:The Northern Mariner 3486:. G.E.C Gads Forlag. 3482:Sune Dalgård. 1962. 3407:. New York: Garland. 3317:Nyheter, Jan Mayen. 2775:K-19: The Widowmaker 2154:Record high °C (°F) 2094:Source 2: Meteostat 1665:Record high °C (°F) 1488:Geology of Jan Mayen 1283:1882–1883 the 929:A beach on Jan Mayen 907:in the Arctic Ocean. 905:Svalbard archipelago 626:Jan Mayen Island is 536:There are important 511:radio communications 492:Kármán vortex street 409:(495 km NE of 376:[jɑnˈmɑ̀ɪən] 61:improve this article 5386:Volcanism of Norway 5106:Noordsche Compagnie 5104:Settlements of the 5082:Society of Suriname 4928:Vietnam (1637–1643) 4701:Governorate General 4514:LORAN-C transmitter 3890:The Weather Network 3782:. 8 February 2016. 3664:"Jan Mayen History" 3594:War in the Outposts 3571:on 24 December 2008 3288:"Telenor Kystradio" 3007:. 12 January 2021. 2747:Paradox Interactive 2727:The Weather Network 2434:Record low °C (°F) 2294:Daily mean °C (°F) 1945:Record low °C (°F) 1805:Daily mean °C (°F) 1571:(100–1,000 pairs). 1545:Important Bird Area 1539:Important Bird Area 1227:Noordsche Compagnie 1188:Noordsche Compagnie 1181:Noordsche Compagnie 1177:Noordsche Compagnie 1132:renamed the island 1103:Noordsche Compagnie 1059:Noordsche Compagnie 432:(South Lagoon) and 298: (pop. 35) 283:Unincorporated area 204: / 143: 5371:Mid-Atlantic Ridge 5076:Society of Berbice 4117:The World Factbook 3946:www.gameskinny.com 3812:on 28 January 2021 3750:"Jan Mayen island" 3470:Gebr van der Post. 3346:The Brendan Voyage 3197:www.aftenposten.no 3137:on 7 February 2009 3067:on 14 October 2015 3037:. 21 August 2013. 2896:. September 2022. 2876:Norsk Uttaleordbok 2784:Tales of Jan Mayen 2737:In popular culture 1501: 1429:Beerenberg volcano 1277: 1269: 1173: 1165: 1155:Dutch whaling base 1141:Willem Jansz Blaeu 1105:shareholders from 1049: 931: 909: 741:SJ (together with 736:ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 672: 640:northern Norwegian 624: 557:Mid-Atlantic Ridge 500: 292:Largest settlement 248:Highest point 141: 5356:Islands of Norway 5318: 5317: 5314: 5313: 5310: 5309: 5296:full independence 5236:Dutch East Indies 5142: 5141: 5138: 5137: 5094: 5093: 5090: 5089: 4940: 4939: 4936: 4935: 4641: 4640: 4522: 4521: 4497: 4496: 4442:Sjuhollendarbukta 3644:on 4 October 2012 3552:978-0-8166-3914-4 3259:"Jan Mayen radio" 2762:Hearts of Iron IV 2733: 2732: 2627:relative humidity 2098: 2097: 1398:Focke-Wulf Fw 200 1311:League of Nations 786:economic activity 618:The snow-covered 483:Natural resources 438:Jan Mayen hotspot 365: 364: 157:covered with snow 137: 136: 129: 111: 5393: 5381:Seabird colonies 5303: 5163: 5162: 5152:Colonies of the 5148: 5147: 5115: 5114: 5100: 5099: 5080:Governed by the 5074:Governed by the 4961: 4960: 4946: 4945: 4698: 4697: 4683: 4682: 4668: 4661: 4654: 4645: 4644: 4604: 4603: 4549: 4542: 4535: 4526: 4525: 4422:Maria Muschbukta 4306: 4305: 4248: 4241: 4234: 4225: 4224: 4128:www.jan-mayen.no 4063: 4062: 4060: 4058: 4044: 4038: 4037: 4035: 4033: 4018: 4012: 4011: 4009: 4007: 3993: 3987: 3986: 3984: 3982: 3968: 3962: 3961: 3959: 3957: 3933: 3927: 3926: 3924: 3922: 3907: 3901: 3900: 3898: 3896: 3882: 3876: 3875: 3868: 3866: 3864: 3854: 3848: 3847: 3845: 3843: 3828: 3822: 3821: 3819: 3817: 3808:. Archived from 3802: 3796: 3795: 3793: 3791: 3776: 3770: 3769: 3767: 3765: 3746: 3740: 3739: 3737: 3735: 3722:(in Norwegian). 3716: 3710: 3709: 3707: 3705: 3692:(in Norwegian). 3686: 3680: 3679: 3677: 3675: 3666:. Archived from 3660: 3654: 3653: 3651: 3649: 3640:. Archived from 3634: 3628: 3627: 3625: 3623: 3603: 3597: 3590: 3581: 3580: 3578: 3576: 3560: 3554: 3532: 3526: 3519: 3513: 3512: 3510: 3508: 3493: 3487: 3480: 3471: 3464: 3458: 3441: 3435: 3428: 3422: 3415: 3409: 3408: 3400: 3394: 3387: 3368: 3361: 3350: 3349: 3341: 3335: 3334: 3332: 3330: 3314: 3308: 3307: 3305: 3303: 3292:www.kystradio.no 3284: 3278: 3277: 3276: 3274: 3255: 3249: 3248: 3242: 3234: 3232: 3230: 3219: 3213: 3212: 3210: 3208: 3189: 3183: 3182: 3180: 3178: 3172: 3161: 3153: 3147: 3146: 3144: 3142: 3133:. Archived from 3127: 3121: 3120: 3118: 3116: 3101: 3095: 3094: 3093:on 6 March 2016. 3083: 3077: 3076: 3074: 3072: 3063:. Archived from 3057: 3051: 3050: 3048: 3046: 3027: 3021: 3020: 3018: 3016: 2997: 2991: 2990: 2988: 2986: 2971: 2965: 2964: 2962: 2960: 2945: 2939: 2932: 2923: 2916: 2910: 2909: 2907: 2905: 2890: 2884: 2883: 2871: 2834: 2829: 2828: 2827: 2820: 2815: 2814: 2813: 2806: 2804:Geography portal 2801: 2800: 2799: 2581: 2102: 2101: 1613: 1612: 1569:black guillemots 1557:northern fulmars 1469: 1328:Second World War 1134:Île de Richelieu 1091:Mr. Joris Eylant 1005:William Scoresby 751:top-level domain 378: 373: 272: 270: 269: 219: 218: 216: 215: 214: 209: 208:70.983°N 8.533°W 205: 202: 201: 200: 197: 167: 151: 144: 140: 132: 125: 121: 118: 112: 110: 69: 45: 37: 5401: 5400: 5396: 5395: 5394: 5392: 5391: 5390: 5376:Ridge volcanoes 5321: 5320: 5319: 5306: 5285: 5277: 5261: 5240: 5224: 5208: 5192: 5157: 5134: 5109: 5086: 5066: 5030: 4955: 4932: 4878: 4825: 4799: 4773: 4712: 4692: 4677: 4672: 4642: 4637: 4632:Queen Maud Land 4605: 4598: 4594: 4589:Svalbard Treaty 4566: 4553: 4523: 4518: 4493: 4472: 4456: 4375: 4304: 4278: 4257: 4252: 4188:Wayback Machine 4162:Wayback Machine 4135:Wayback Machine 4112:Wayback Machine 4101: 4072: 4067: 4066: 4056: 4054: 4046: 4045: 4041: 4031: 4029: 4028:. 28 April 2022 4020: 4019: 4015: 4005: 4003: 3995: 3994: 3990: 3980: 3978: 3970: 3969: 3965: 3955: 3953: 3934: 3930: 3920: 3918: 3909: 3908: 3904: 3894: 3892: 3884: 3883: 3879: 3869: 3862: 3860: 3856: 3855: 3851: 3841: 3839: 3830: 3829: 3825: 3815: 3813: 3804: 3803: 3799: 3789: 3787: 3778: 3777: 3773: 3763: 3761: 3748: 3747: 3743: 3733: 3731: 3718: 3717: 3713: 3703: 3701: 3688: 3687: 3683: 3673: 3671: 3670:on 6 March 2015 3662: 3661: 3657: 3647: 3645: 3636: 3635: 3631: 3621: 3619: 3606:Eric Niderost. 3604: 3600: 3591: 3584: 3574: 3572: 3561: 3557: 3533: 3529: 3520: 3516: 3506: 3504: 3503:on 3 April 2012 3495: 3494: 3490: 3481: 3474: 3465: 3461: 3442: 3438: 3429: 3425: 3416: 3412: 3401: 3397: 3388: 3371: 3362: 3353: 3342: 3338: 3328: 3326: 3315: 3311: 3301: 3299: 3286: 3285: 3281: 3272: 3270: 3257: 3256: 3252: 3236: 3235: 3228: 3226: 3221: 3220: 3216: 3206: 3204: 3191: 3190: 3186: 3176: 3174: 3170: 3159: 3155: 3154: 3150: 3140: 3138: 3129: 3128: 3124: 3114: 3112: 3103: 3102: 3098: 3085: 3084: 3080: 3070: 3068: 3059: 3058: 3054: 3044: 3042: 3029: 3028: 3024: 3014: 3012: 2999: 2998: 2994: 2984: 2982: 2973: 2972: 2968: 2958: 2956: 2947: 2946: 2942: 2933: 2926: 2917: 2913: 2903: 2901: 2892: 2891: 2887: 2872: 2868: 2863: 2830: 2825: 2823: 2816: 2811: 2809: 2802: 2797: 2795: 2792: 2739: 2734: 2579: 2572: 2567: 2562: 2557: 2552: 2547: 2542: 2537: 2532: 2527: 2522: 2517: 2512: 2498: 2493: 2488: 2483: 2478: 2473: 2468: 2463: 2458: 2453: 2448: 2443: 2438: 2428: 2423: 2418: 2413: 2408: 2403: 2398: 2393: 2388: 2383: 2378: 2373: 2368: 2358: 2353: 2348: 2343: 2338: 2333: 2328: 2323: 2318: 2313: 2308: 2303: 2298: 2288: 2283: 2278: 2273: 2268: 2263: 2258: 2253: 2248: 2243: 2238: 2233: 2228: 2218: 2213: 2208: 2203: 2198: 2193: 2188: 2183: 2178: 2173: 2168: 2163: 2158: 2099: 2083: 2078: 2073: 2068: 2063: 2058: 2053: 2048: 2043: 2038: 2033: 2028: 2023: 2009: 2004: 1999: 1994: 1989: 1984: 1979: 1974: 1969: 1964: 1959: 1954: 1949: 1939: 1934: 1929: 1924: 1919: 1914: 1909: 1904: 1899: 1894: 1889: 1884: 1879: 1869: 1864: 1859: 1854: 1849: 1844: 1839: 1834: 1829: 1824: 1819: 1814: 1809: 1799: 1794: 1789: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1764: 1759: 1754: 1749: 1744: 1739: 1729: 1724: 1719: 1714: 1709: 1704: 1699: 1694: 1689: 1684: 1679: 1674: 1669: 1583:climate with a 1577: 1541: 1529:Greenland Plate 1499:topographic map 1490: 1484: 1479: 1478: 1477: 1475: 1470: 1450: 1445: 1410: 1355:ran aground on 1352:Fridtjof Nansen 1330: 1316:Hallvard Devold 1293:Count Wilczek's 1261: 1220:de Groene Leeuw 1157: 1126:Robert Fotherby 1111:Maurits Eylandt 1099:Cleyn Swaentgen 1037: 1032: 1018: 962:The land named 923: 917: 885: 821: 819:Jan Mayen Radio 778: 745:). It uses the 732: 716:Jan Mayensfield 704: 661: 656: 632:County Governor 612: 523:Jan Mayensfield 485: 442:microcontinent. 384:volcanic island 371: 339: 277: 267: 265: 212: 210: 206: 203: 198: 195: 193: 191: 190: 158: 133: 122: 116: 113: 70: 68: 58: 46: 35: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5399: 5389: 5388: 5383: 5378: 5373: 5368: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5348: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5316: 5315: 5312: 5311: 5308: 5307: 5305: 5304: 5282: 5279: 5278: 5276: 5275: 5269: 5267: 5263: 5262: 5260: 5259: 5254: 5248: 5246: 5242: 5241: 5239: 5238: 5232: 5230: 5226: 5225: 5223: 5222: 5216: 5214: 5210: 5209: 5207: 5206: 5200: 5198: 5194: 5193: 5191: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5175: 5169: 5167: 5159: 5158: 5144: 5143: 5140: 5139: 5136: 5135: 5133: 5132: 5127: 5121: 5119: 5111: 5110: 5096: 5095: 5092: 5091: 5088: 5087: 5085: 5084: 5078: 5071: 5068: 5067: 5065: 5064: 5059: 5054: 5049: 5044: 5038: 5036: 5032: 5031: 5029: 5028: 5026:Virgin Islands 5023: 5018: 5013: 5008: 5003: 5001:New Netherland 4998: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4978: 4973: 4967: 4965: 4957: 4956: 4942: 4941: 4938: 4937: 4934: 4933: 4931: 4930: 4925: 4920: 4915: 4910: 4905: 4900: 4895: 4889: 4887: 4880: 4879: 4877: 4876: 4871: 4866: 4861: 4856: 4851: 4846: 4841: 4835: 4833: 4827: 4826: 4824: 4823: 4818: 4813: 4807: 4805: 4801: 4800: 4798: 4797: 4792: 4787: 4781: 4779: 4775: 4774: 4772: 4771: 4766: 4761: 4756: 4751: 4746: 4741: 4736: 4731: 4726: 4720: 4718: 4714: 4713: 4711: 4710: 4704: 4702: 4694: 4693: 4679: 4678: 4671: 4670: 4663: 4656: 4648: 4639: 4638: 4636: 4635: 4628: 4625:Peter I Island 4621: 4615: 4613: 4607: 4606: 4597: 4595: 4593: 4592: 4582: 4576: 4574: 4568: 4567: 4552: 4551: 4544: 4537: 4529: 4520: 4519: 4517: 4516: 4511: 4505: 4503: 4502:Infrastructure 4499: 4498: 4495: 4494: 4492: 4491: 4486: 4480: 4478: 4474: 4473: 4471: 4470: 4464: 4462: 4458: 4457: 4455: 4454: 4449: 4444: 4439: 4434: 4429: 4424: 4419: 4414: 4409: 4407:Hoepstockbukta 4404: 4399: 4394: 4389: 4383: 4381: 4380:Water features 4377: 4376: 4374: 4373: 4371:Weyprechtbreen 4368: 4363: 4358: 4353: 4348: 4343: 4338: 4333: 4328: 4323: 4318: 4312: 4310: 4303: 4302: 4292: 4286: 4284: 4280: 4279: 4277: 4276: 4271: 4265: 4263: 4259: 4258: 4251: 4250: 4243: 4236: 4228: 4222: 4221: 4212: 4206: 4195: 4190: 4178: 4173: 4168: 4152: 4147: 4142: 4137: 4125: 4100: 4099:External links 4097: 4096: 4095: 4080: 4071: 4068: 4065: 4064: 4039: 4013: 3988: 3963: 3928: 3902: 3877: 3849: 3823: 3797: 3771: 3741: 3711: 3681: 3655: 3629: 3598: 3582: 3555: 3527: 3514: 3488: 3472: 3459: 3436: 3423: 3410: 3395: 3369: 3351: 3348:, Random House 3336: 3309: 3279: 3250: 3214: 3184: 3164:Regjeringen.no 3148: 3122: 3096: 3078: 3052: 3022: 2992: 2966: 2955:. January 2019 2940: 2924: 2911: 2885: 2882:. p. 157. 2865: 2864: 2862: 2859: 2858: 2857: 2852: 2847: 2842: 2836: 2835: 2821: 2807: 2791: 2788: 2782:The 2022 film 2738: 2735: 2731: 2730: 2722: 2721: 2717: 2716: 2713: 2710: 2707: 2704: 2701: 2698: 2695: 2692: 2689: 2686: 2683: 2680: 2677: 2675:sunshine hours 2670: 2669: 2666: 2663: 2660: 2657: 2654: 2651: 2648: 2645: 2642: 2639: 2636: 2633: 2630: 2622: 2621: 2618: 2615: 2612: 2609: 2606: 2603: 2600: 2597: 2594: 2591: 2588: 2585: 2582: 2575: 2574: 2569: 2564: 2559: 2554: 2549: 2544: 2539: 2534: 2529: 2524: 2519: 2514: 2509: 2501: 2500: 2495: 2490: 2485: 2480: 2475: 2470: 2465: 2460: 2455: 2450: 2445: 2440: 2435: 2431: 2430: 2425: 2420: 2415: 2410: 2405: 2400: 2395: 2390: 2385: 2380: 2375: 2370: 2365: 2361: 2360: 2355: 2350: 2345: 2340: 2335: 2330: 2325: 2320: 2315: 2310: 2305: 2300: 2295: 2291: 2290: 2285: 2280: 2275: 2270: 2265: 2260: 2255: 2250: 2245: 2240: 2235: 2230: 2225: 2221: 2220: 2215: 2210: 2205: 2200: 2195: 2190: 2185: 2180: 2175: 2170: 2165: 2160: 2155: 2151: 2150: 2147: 2144: 2141: 2138: 2135: 2132: 2129: 2126: 2123: 2120: 2117: 2114: 2111: 2107: 2106: 2100: 2096: 2095: 2091: 2090: 2086: 2085: 2080: 2075: 2070: 2065: 2060: 2055: 2050: 2045: 2040: 2035: 2030: 2025: 2020: 2012: 2011: 2006: 2001: 1996: 1991: 1986: 1981: 1976: 1971: 1966: 1961: 1956: 1951: 1946: 1942: 1941: 1936: 1931: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1911: 1906: 1901: 1896: 1891: 1886: 1881: 1876: 1872: 1871: 1866: 1861: 1856: 1851: 1846: 1841: 1836: 1831: 1826: 1821: 1816: 1811: 1806: 1802: 1801: 1796: 1791: 1786: 1781: 1776: 1771: 1766: 1761: 1756: 1751: 1746: 1741: 1736: 1732: 1731: 1726: 1721: 1716: 1711: 1706: 1701: 1696: 1691: 1686: 1681: 1676: 1671: 1666: 1662: 1661: 1658: 1655: 1652: 1649: 1646: 1643: 1640: 1637: 1634: 1631: 1628: 1625: 1622: 1618: 1617: 1611: 1576: 1573: 1540: 1537: 1533:Eurasian Plate 1525:microcontinent 1483: 1480: 1472: 1471: 1464: 1463: 1462: 1458:chartering one 1449: 1448:Nature reserve 1446: 1444: 1441: 1432:(86 °F). 1409: 1406: 1329: 1326: 1260: 1257: 1247:Hoepstockbukta 1156: 1153: 1119:States General 1036: 1033: 1017: 1014: 916: 910: 884: 881: 851:Norwegian army 841:In 1941 a new 820: 817: 777: 774: 731: 728: 714:which land at 708:C-130 Hercules 703: 700: 660: 657: 655: 652: 636:statsforvalter 611: 608: 515:meteorological 484: 481: 479:in the world. 363: 362: 357: 351: 350: 347: 341: 340: 338: 337: 326: 324: 318: 317: 313: 312: 309: 305: 304: 300: 299: 293: 289: 288: 285: 279: 278: 263: 260: 259: 258:Administration 255: 254: 249: 245: 244: 241: 237: 236: 233: 229: 228: 225: 221: 220: 213:70.983; -8.533 188: 184: 183: 178: 174: 173: 169: 168: 160: 159: 152: 135: 134: 49: 47: 40: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5398: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5379: 5377: 5374: 5372: 5369: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5359: 5357: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5328: 5326: 5301: 5297: 5293: 5289: 5284: 5283: 5280: 5274: 5271: 5270: 5268: 5264: 5258: 5255: 5253: 5250: 5249: 5247: 5243: 5237: 5234: 5233: 5231: 5227: 5221: 5218: 5217: 5215: 5211: 5205: 5202: 5201: 5199: 5195: 5189: 5186: 5184: 5181: 5179: 5176: 5174: 5171: 5170: 5168: 5164: 5160: 5155: 5149: 5145: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5122: 5120: 5116: 5112: 5107: 5101: 5097: 5083: 5079: 5077: 5073: 5072: 5069: 5063: 5060: 5058: 5055: 5053: 5052:Loango-Angola 5050: 5048: 5045: 5043: 5040: 5039: 5037: 5033: 5027: 5024: 5022: 5019: 5017: 5014: 5012: 5009: 5007: 5004: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4979: 4977: 4974: 4972: 4969: 4968: 4966: 4962: 4958: 4953: 4947: 4943: 4929: 4926: 4924: 4921: 4919: 4916: 4914: 4911: 4909: 4906: 4904: 4901: 4899: 4896: 4894: 4891: 4890: 4888: 4885: 4881: 4875: 4872: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4857: 4855: 4852: 4850: 4847: 4845: 4842: 4840: 4837: 4836: 4834: 4832: 4828: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4812: 4809: 4808: 4806: 4802: 4796: 4793: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4782: 4780: 4776: 4770: 4767: 4765: 4762: 4760: 4757: 4755: 4752: 4750: 4747: 4745: 4742: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4730: 4729:Banda Islands 4727: 4725: 4722: 4721: 4719: 4715: 4709: 4706: 4705: 4703: 4699: 4695: 4690: 4684: 4680: 4676: 4669: 4664: 4662: 4657: 4655: 4650: 4649: 4646: 4634: 4633: 4629: 4627: 4626: 4622: 4620: 4619:Bouvet Island 4617: 4616: 4614: 4612: 4608: 4602: 4590: 4586: 4583: 4581: 4578: 4577: 4575: 4573: 4569: 4565: 4561: 4557: 4550: 4545: 4543: 4538: 4536: 4531: 4530: 4527: 4515: 4512: 4510: 4507: 4506: 4504: 4500: 4490: 4487: 4485: 4482: 4481: 4479: 4475: 4469: 4466: 4465: 4463: 4459: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4445: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4430: 4428: 4425: 4423: 4420: 4418: 4415: 4413: 4410: 4408: 4405: 4403: 4402:Gouwenaerbåen 4400: 4398: 4395: 4393: 4390: 4388: 4385: 4384: 4382: 4378: 4372: 4369: 4367: 4364: 4362: 4359: 4357: 4354: 4352: 4349: 4347: 4344: 4342: 4339: 4337: 4334: 4332: 4329: 4327: 4324: 4322: 4319: 4317: 4314: 4313: 4311: 4309:Land features 4307: 4300: 4299:ISO 3166-2:SJ 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4287: 4285: 4281: 4275: 4272: 4270: 4267: 4266: 4264: 4260: 4256: 4249: 4244: 4242: 4237: 4235: 4230: 4229: 4226: 4220: 4218: 4213: 4210: 4207: 4205: 4204: 4199: 4196: 4194: 4191: 4189: 4185: 4182: 4179: 4177: 4174: 4172: 4169: 4167: 4163: 4159: 4156: 4153: 4151: 4148: 4146: 4143: 4141: 4138: 4136: 4132: 4129: 4126: 4123: 4119: 4118: 4113: 4109: 4106: 4103: 4102: 4093: 4092:1-84162-092-0 4089: 4085: 4081: 4078: 4074: 4073: 4053: 4049: 4043: 4027: 4023: 4017: 4002: 3998: 3992: 3977: 3973: 3967: 3951: 3947: 3943: 3941: 3932: 3916: 3912: 3906: 3891: 3887: 3881: 3873: 3859: 3853: 3837: 3833: 3827: 3811: 3807: 3801: 3785: 3781: 3775: 3759: 3755: 3751: 3745: 3729: 3725: 3721: 3715: 3699: 3695: 3691: 3685: 3669: 3665: 3659: 3643: 3639: 3633: 3617: 3613: 3609: 3602: 3595: 3589: 3587: 3570: 3566: 3559: 3553: 3549: 3545: 3544:0-8166-3914-0 3541: 3537: 3531: 3524: 3518: 3502: 3498: 3492: 3485: 3479: 3477: 3469: 3463: 3456: 3452: 3451: 3446: 3440: 3433: 3427: 3420: 3414: 3406: 3399: 3392: 3386: 3384: 3382: 3380: 3378: 3376: 3374: 3366: 3360: 3358: 3356: 3347: 3340: 3324: 3320: 3313: 3297: 3293: 3289: 3283: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3254: 3246: 3240: 3224: 3218: 3202: 3198: 3194: 3188: 3169: 3165: 3158: 3152: 3136: 3132: 3126: 3110: 3106: 3100: 3092: 3088: 3082: 3066: 3062: 3056: 3040: 3036: 3032: 3026: 3010: 3006: 3002: 2996: 2980: 2976: 2970: 2954: 2953:Research Gate 2950: 2944: 2937: 2931: 2929: 2921: 2915: 2899: 2895: 2889: 2881: 2877: 2870: 2866: 2856: 2853: 2851: 2848: 2846: 2843: 2841: 2838: 2837: 2833: 2832:Norway portal 2822: 2819: 2818:Europe portal 2808: 2805: 2794: 2787: 2785: 2780: 2777: 2776: 2770: 2768: 2764: 2763: 2758: 2754: 2753: 2748: 2744: 2728: 2723: 2718: 2714: 2711: 2708: 2705: 2702: 2699: 2696: 2693: 2690: 2687: 2684: 2681: 2678: 2676: 2673:Mean monthly 2671: 2667: 2664: 2661: 2658: 2655: 2652: 2649: 2646: 2643: 2640: 2637: 2634: 2631: 2628: 2623: 2619: 2616: 2613: 2610: 2607: 2604: 2601: 2598: 2595: 2592: 2589: 2586: 2583: 2576: 2570: 2565: 2560: 2555: 2550: 2545: 2540: 2535: 2530: 2525: 2520: 2515: 2510: 2507: 2506:precipitation 2502: 2496: 2491: 2486: 2481: 2476: 2471: 2466: 2461: 2456: 2451: 2446: 2441: 2436: 2432: 2426: 2421: 2416: 2411: 2406: 2401: 2396: 2391: 2386: 2381: 2376: 2371: 2366: 2362: 2356: 2351: 2346: 2341: 2336: 2331: 2326: 2321: 2316: 2311: 2306: 2301: 2296: 2292: 2286: 2281: 2276: 2271: 2266: 2261: 2256: 2251: 2246: 2241: 2236: 2231: 2226: 2222: 2216: 2211: 2206: 2201: 2196: 2191: 2186: 2181: 2176: 2171: 2166: 2161: 2156: 2152: 2108: 2103: 2092: 2087: 2081: 2076: 2071: 2066: 2061: 2056: 2051: 2046: 2041: 2036: 2031: 2026: 2021: 2018: 2017:precipitation 2013: 2007: 2002: 1997: 1992: 1987: 1982: 1977: 1972: 1967: 1962: 1957: 1952: 1947: 1943: 1937: 1932: 1927: 1922: 1917: 1912: 1907: 1902: 1897: 1892: 1887: 1882: 1877: 1873: 1867: 1862: 1857: 1852: 1847: 1842: 1837: 1832: 1827: 1822: 1817: 1812: 1807: 1803: 1797: 1792: 1787: 1782: 1777: 1772: 1767: 1762: 1757: 1752: 1747: 1742: 1737: 1733: 1727: 1722: 1717: 1712: 1707: 1702: 1697: 1692: 1687: 1682: 1677: 1672: 1667: 1663: 1619: 1614: 1610: 1607: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1572: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1536: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1498: 1494: 1489: 1474: 1468: 1461: 1459: 1454: 1440: 1438: 1433: 1430: 1425: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1405: 1403: 1399: 1394: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1374: 1369: 1365: 1364:naval trawler 1360: 1358: 1354: 1353: 1346: 1344: 1339: 1335: 1325: 1323: 1322: 1317: 1312: 1307: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1295:own expense. 1294: 1290: 1286: 1282: 1273: 1265: 1256: 1253: 1252:bowhead whale 1248: 1243: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1228: 1223: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1203: 1201: 1197: 1192: 1189: 1184: 1182: 1178: 1169: 1161: 1152: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1137: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1122: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1095:Joris Carolus 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1075: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1060: 1055: 1046: 1041: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1013: 1010: 1006: 1003:According to 1001: 999: 995: 994: 989: 984: 981: 977: 973: 969: 965: 960: 956: 954: 953: 948: 944: 940: 939:Faroe Islands 936: 927: 922: 921:Terra nullius 915: 914:terra nullius 906: 902: 898: 894: 889: 880: 878: 875: 871: 867: 863: 858: 856: 852: 848: 844: 839: 837: 833: 830: 826: 816: 814: 810: 807: 803: 799: 795: 791: 787: 783: 780:There are no 773: 771: 768: 767:amateur radio 764: 760: 756: 752: 749:country code 748: 744: 740: 737: 730:Communication 727: 725: 721: 717: 713: 709: 699: 697: 693: 689: 686: 681: 677: 669: 665: 651: 649: 645: 641: 637: 633: 629: 621: 616: 607: 605: 601: 597: 592: 590: 586: 582: 578: 574: 570: 566: 562: 558: 554: 549: 547: 543: 539: 534: 532: 528: 524: 520: 516: 512: 509: 505: 497: 493: 489: 480: 478: 474: 469: 467: 463: 459: 458: 453: 449: 444: 443: 439: 435: 431: 426: 424: 420: 416: 412: 408: 404: 400: 397: 393: 389: 385: 382: 377: 369: 361: 358: 356: 355:ISO 3166 code 352: 348: 346: 342: 335: 331: 328: 327: 325: 323: 319: 314: 310: 306: 301: 297: 294: 290: 286: 284: 280: 276: 275: 261: 256: 253: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 230: 226: 222: 217: 189: 185: 182: 179: 175: 170: 166: 161: 156: 150: 145: 139: 131: 128: 120: 109: 106: 102: 99: 95: 92: 88: 85: 81: 78: – 77: 73: 72:Find sources: 66: 62: 56: 55: 50:This article 48: 44: 39: 38: 33: 26: 22: 21:vorpostenboot 5124: 4804:Commandments 4778:Directorates 4717:Governorates 4630: 4623: 4611:Dependencies 4579: 4560:dependencies 4417:Jamesonbukta 4412:Hornbækbukta 4397:Engelskbukta 4356:Rudolftoppen 4341:Kjerulfbreen 4326:Hoybergodden 4254: 4216: 4201: 4155:TopoJanMayen 4140:Jan.Mayen.no 4115: 4083: 4076: 4055:. 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In 1959 1379:The Allies 1357:Nansenflua 1020:See also: 974:, renamed 919:See also: 857:-station. 829:Telefunken 811:, but the 680:population 659:Demography 642:county of 620:Beerenberg 555:along the 496:Beerenberg 473:Beerenberg 448:ISO 3166-1 434:Nordlaguna 419:Vesterålen 411:Kolbeinsey 396:Beerenberg 308:Population 252:Beerenberg 155:Beerenberg 87:newspapers 5331:Jan Mayen 5125:Jan Mayen 4996:Essequibo 4908:Mauritius 4874:Pontianak 4864:Palembang 4580:Jan Mayen 4447:Sørlaguna 4336:Kapp Wien 4283:Geography 4255:Jan Mayen 4052:good.film 4026:Adventure 3764:22 August 3622:12 August 3417:Hart, S. 3263:Knowledge 3045:25 August 2959:19 August 2904:9 October 2861:Citations 1547:(IBA) by 1383:Veslekari 1368:destroyer 1345:attack. 1212:North Bay 1208:South Bay 1200:whale oil 1072:Enkhuizen 1068:Amsterdam 870:satellite 770:call sign 702:Transport 670:in August 638:) of the 604:seafloors 600:Greenland 430:Sørlaguna 415:Greenland 381:Norwegian 368:Jan Mayen 334:UTC+01:00 322:Time zone 287:Jan Mayen 232:Coastline 172:Geography 142:Jan Mayen 5292:Suriname 5006:Pomeroon 4991:Demerara 4869:Preanger 4854:Cheribon 4764:Moluccas 4585:Svalbard 4346:Nordkapp 4219:403 1966 4184:Archived 4158:Archived 4131:Archived 4108:Archived 3950:Archived 3915:Archived 3836:Archived 3806:"EKlima" 3784:Archived 3758:Archived 3728:Archived 3698:Archived 3616:Archived 3329:13 March 3323:Archived 3302:13 March 3296:Archived 3273:13 March 3267:archived 3239:cite web 3207:13 March 3201:Archived 3177:13 March 3168:Archived 3109:Archived 3039:Archived 3015:18 March 3009:Archived 2985:18 March 2979:Archived 2898:Archived 2850:Svalbard 2790:See also 2625:Average 2580:(≥ 1 mm) 2504:Average 2499:(−19.1) 2494:(−11.6) 2449:(−16.2) 2444:(−19.1) 2439:(−16.4) 2015:Average 2010:(−19.1) 2005:(−11.6) 1960:(−16.2) 1955:(−19.1) 1950:(−16.4) 1553:seabirds 1513:Sørbreen 1408:Cold War 1289:Austrian 980:Svalbarð 976:Svalbard 964:Svalbarð 874:Rogaland 792:and the 776:Business 747:Internet 743:Svalbard 644:Nordland 589:scandium 553:minerals 519:airstrip 508:Norway's 452:Svalbard 392:glaciers 177:Location 117:May 2020 5294:gained 5286:Became 5257:Surinam 5188:Suratte 5183:Malacca 5016:Surinam 4981:Cayenne 4971:Berbice 4893:Myanmar 4849:Batavia 4816:Malabar 4795:Suratte 4759:Malacca 4754:Formosa 4739:Celebes 4708:Batavia 4509:Airport 4489:Puppebu 4387:Båtvika 4361:Sørkapp 4351:Rooberg 4269:History 4262:General 4057:23 June 4032:23 June 4006:23 June 3981:23 June 3895:11 July 3724:Lovdata 3694:Lovdata 3648:11 July 3575:11 July 3507:11 July 3141:11 July 3035:reuters 3005:Reuters 2573:(27.1) 2489:(−3.1) 2484:(−0.4) 2479:(22.6) 2474:(27.9) 2469:(26.2) 2464:(22.8) 2459:(10.4) 2454:(−6.5) 2429:(25.9) 2424:(18.1) 2419:(22.3) 2414:(28.9) 2409:(34.3) 2404:(38.3) 2399:(36.9) 2394:(32.9) 2389:(28.0) 2384:(21.2) 2379:(16.7) 2374:(15.8) 2369:(16.9) 2359:(29.5) 2354:(22.6) 2349:(26.1) 2344:(32.2) 2339:(37.0) 2334:(40.8) 2329:(39.6) 2324:(35.6) 2319:(30.7) 2314:(25.0) 2309:(21.0) 2304:(21.0) 2299:(21.7) 2289:(33.4) 2284:(27.1) 2279:(30.2) 2274:(35.4) 2269:(40.1) 2264:(44.4) 2259:(43.5) 2254:(39.4) 2249:(34.2) 2244:(29.5) 2239:(25.7) 2234:(26.1) 2229:(26.6) 2219:(64.6) 2214:(54.1) 2209:(50.0) 2204:(59.0) 2199:(56.1) 2194:(60.3) 2189:(59.0) 2184:(64.6) 2179:(52.3) 2174:(50.5) 2169:(46.4) 2164:(50.0) 2159:(49.1) 2084:(25.2) 2000:(−3.1) 1990:(22.6) 1985:(27.9) 1980:(26.2) 1975:(22.8) 1965:(−6.5) 1940:(29.7) 1935:(23.7) 1930:(26.8) 1925:(31.5) 1920:(37.8) 1915:(41.2) 1910:(39.7) 1905:(34.9) 1895:(25.0) 1890:(21.6) 1885:(22.1) 1880:(22.6) 1870:(32.8) 1865:(27.5) 1855:(34.3) 1850:(40.1) 1845:(43.3) 1840:(42.3) 1835:(37.6) 1830:(32.7) 1825:(28.2) 1820:(25.3) 1815:(25.9) 1810:(26.8) 1800:(36.2) 1795:(31.3) 1790:(33.6) 1775:(46.2) 1770:(45.5) 1765:(41.2) 1760:(35.8) 1755:(31.6) 1750:(29.1) 1745:(29.8) 1740:(30.7) 1730:(64.6) 1725:(54.1) 1710:(57.6) 1695:(64.6) 1690:(57.9) 1685:(50.5) 1680:(46.9) 1670:(49.1) 1575:Climate 1509:ice cap 1437:Puppebu 1422:LORAN-C 1332:During 1321:de jure 1054:Dunkirk 947:Vikings 943:Iceland 891:In the 883:History 866:Selcall 847:plateau 836:Iceland 806:LORAN-C 802:Galileo 685:Loran-C 654:Society 596:Denmark 585:lithium 538:fishing 531:harbors 407:Iceland 403:isthmus 399:volcano 386:in the 379:) is a 196:70°59′N 101:scholar 5204:Dejima 5173:Bengal 5042:Arguin 5021:Tobago 4976:Brazil 4923:Tonkin 4903:Dejima 4898:Canton 4859:Malang 4839:Bantam 4811:Bantam 4790:Persia 4785:Bengal 4744:Ceylon 4564:Norway 4321:Eggøya 4090: 3921:29 May 3674:29 May 3550: 3542: 2620:134.2 2568:(2.6) 2563:(2.6) 2558:(3.2) 2553:(3.2) 2548:(2.4) 2543:(1.9) 2538:(1.5) 2533:(1.6) 2528:(1.6) 2523:(2.2) 2518:(2.1) 2513:(2.2) 2110:Month 2079:(2.7) 2074:(2.7) 2069:(2.8) 2064:(3.1) 2059:(2.2) 2054:(1.4) 2049:(0.9) 2044:(1.4) 2039:(1.5) 2034:(2.1) 2029:(2.0) 2024:(2.4) 1621:Month 1523:. 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