33:
222:
387:. The bishop is buried on the grounds of St. Vincent’s School for Handicapped Children in Port-au-Prince. In 1936, the Haitian government recognized Holly for his five decades of work for Haiti 25 years after his death, and awarded him its highest honor, Commander in the National Order of Honor and Merit. The aftermath of the 2010 Haitian earthquake postponed plans to celebrate the 100th anniversary of his death.
284:
Nonetheless, Holly remained in Haiti with his two sons and other dedicated
American emigrants. By 1863, they established Holy Trinity Church and schools, and soon other churches as well as pastoral training and rural medicine programs. The Board of Missions began financially supporting the mission in
212:
had supported the emigration of 6,000 African
Americans to Haiti beginning in 1824, but that many had returned because of harsh conditions on the island. Holly believed that free blacks could avoid rampant discrimination by emigrating to Haiti, which had thrown off its colonial rulers, as well as
213:
that such emigration would help stabilize the society on the island of
Hispaniola, which had experienced many coups. Although he many times requested a commission from the Board of Missions of the Episcopal Church to serve in Haiti, each was denied.
276:
and poor living conditions plagued the emigrants. Holly lost his mother, wife and two of his children, among the forty-three prospective settlers who died during the first year. Many of the emigrants returned to the United States, despite the
263:
Holly resigned his position in New Haven in 1861, in order to lead 110 African
Americans and Canadians to Haiti. Two weeks after his arrival, on June 13, 1861, President Geffrard signed a document declaring Holly a Haitian citizen. However,
241:. Meanwhile, Holly co-founded the Protestant Episcopal Society for Promoting the Extension of the Church Among Colored People, which worked to have the General Convention adopt a position against slavery and eventually became the
207:
that year as an
Episcopalian, and became a commissioner of the National Emigration Board. Afterward, Holly traveled to Haiti for the first time, to explore possible emigration options there for free blacks. Holly knew that the
409:) on March 13, the anniversary of his death, although some churches translate the celebration of his life and accomplishments to November 8, the anniversary of his ordination as well as less affected by Lenten observances.
384:
200:
572:
316:. Holly became the denomination's first African American ever consecrated, and only the second Black person to become a bishop in a major Protestant Christian denomination.
300:, Washington, D.C., and was consecrated as missionary bishop of Haiti by the American Church Missionary Society, an Evangelical Episcopal faction, in a ceremony at
189:
713:
144:
Holly's parents were freed slaves of
African descent, and he was born and raised in Washington, D.C. He attended public and private schools. Holly was raised
252:, from 1856 until 1861, during which time he made several trips to Haiti, the world's first black republic. In 1857, he published a series of lectures as
688:
155:, and his father taught him to be a shoemaker. While in the national capital and New York City, Holly met several prominent abolitionists, including
660:
693:
166:
In 1851 Holly married his wife
Charlotte and also withdrew from the Catholic Church because it refused to ordain black priests. They joined the
723:
758:
753:
260:
for funds to establish the emigrant colony. However, that was denied, and the Board of
Missions also denied his fund-raising requests.
728:
718:
708:
698:
327:, but spent most of the rest of his life within his diocese, on the island of Hispaniola. He received the honorary legal degree (
654:
391:
359:, and was also named bishop of the Episcopal Church in the Dominican Republic (two years before the assassination of General
733:
703:
748:
371:
Jack Holly died in his diocese, at Port-au-Prince, Haiti on March 13, 1911, several months before the assassinations of
491:
395:
95:
192:
of free blacks in Canada. In 1854, Holly returned to the United States to become principal of a public school in
209:
242:
653:
527:
573:"March 13(or November 8): James Theodore Holly, Bishop of Haiti, and of the Dominican Republic, 1911"
257:
597:
743:
738:
649:
301:
406:
305:
249:
238:
167:
511:
466:
184:
683:
678:
129:
8:
309:
548:
418:
254:
Vindication of the
Capacity of the Negro Race for Self Governance and Civilized Progress
645:
398:
376:
324:
278:
156:
152:
102:
297:
233:
and received holy orders. Ordered a deacon on 17 June 1855 at St. Mathew's Church in
193:
32:
372:
171:
117:
62:
611:
442:
360:
332:
145:
313:
121:
79:
467:"Holly, James Theodore (1829-1911) - The Black Past: Remembered and Reclaimed"
672:
640:
549:"Facts about the Church's Mission in Haiti, by James Theodore Holly (1897)"
308:
presided over the ceremony, with the participation of his future successor
265:
160:
380:
221:
179:
163:. In 1850, he and his brother Joseph opened their own bootmaking shop.
402:
204:
492:"The Church Awakens: African Americans and the Struggle for Justice"
336:
230:
363:, who had brought relative peace to that portion of the island).
340:
320:
286:
273:
269:
234:
175:
133:
379:
in the
Dominican Republic. These events plunged the island of
639:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
328:
132:
church, and spent most of his episcopal career as missionary
125:
83:
522:
520:
385:
United States occupation of the Dominican Republic (1916–24)
512:
http://www.blackpast.org/aah/theodore-james-holly-1829-1911
383:
into another round of civil war, and eventually led to the
293:
517:
486:
484:
481:
670:
396:Episcopal Church in the United States of America
237:, he was ordained a priest on 2 January 1856 in
567:
565:
528:"The monastery road: The Day of Theodore Holly"
461:
459:
343:in 1882. Holly also contributed reviews to the
128:) was the first African-American bishop in the
714:Converts to Anglicanism from Roman Catholicism
87:Interred at St. Vincent's Home, Port-au-Prince
43:Bishop of Haiti, and of the Dominican Republic
248:Holly served as rector of St. Luke's Church,
151:When he was 14, he moved with his parents to
562:
456:
188:, a weekly paper. Holly helped organize the
661:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography
644:
689:Bishops of the Methodist Episcopal Church
422:Facts about the Church’s Mission in Haiti
357:FACTS ABOUT THE CHURCH'S MISSION IN HAITI
577:Standing Commission on Liturgy and Music
289:at Port-au-Prince from 1864 until 1874.
220:
170:in 1852. The young family soon moved to
139:
694:Religious leaders from Washington, D.C.
671:
655:"Holly, James Theodore Augustus"
285:1865. Holly also served as consul for
724:19th-century American Episcopalians
366:
292:In that year Holly both received a
256:and in 1859 he lobbied Congressman
216:
13:
14:
770:
759:20th-century Anglican theologians
754:19th-century Anglican theologians
412:
424:by Bishop Holly, published 1897.
355:. In 1897, Holly both published
96:Episcopal Church (United States)
31:
159:, and by 1848 was working with
729:19th-century Methodist bishops
719:Anglican missionaries in Haiti
709:African-American Episcopalians
699:American Anglican missionaries
604:
598:"Lesser Feasts and Fasts 2018"
590:
541:
505:
435:
304:in New York. Presiding Bishop
201:National Emigration Convention
1:
633:
210:American Colonization Society
114:James Theodore Augustus Holly
243:Union of Black Episcopalians
7:
734:American expatriate bishops
704:American emigrants to Haiti
319:In 1878, Holly traveled to
199:He also attended the first
182:as associate editor of the
168:Protestant Episcopal Church
10:
775:
749:Episcopal bishops of Haiti
101:
91:
69:
47:
42:
30:
23:
664:. New York: D. Appleton.
428:
419:Anglican History website
375:in Haiti, and strongman
353:African Methodist Church
306:Benjamin Bosworth Smith
612:"James Theodore Holly"
443:"James Theodore Holly"
302:Grace Episcopal Church
250:New Haven, Connecticut
239:New Haven, Connecticut
226:
190:Amherstburg Convention
401:Holly with an annual
323:as a delegate to the
224:
185:Voice of the Fugitive
178:, where Holly helped
140:Early life and career
312:and New York bishop
130:Protestant Episcopal
51:James Theodore Holly
392:liturgical calendar
120:– 13 March 1911 in
116:(3 October 1829 in
325:Lambeth Conference
279:American Civil War
227:
225:Portrait of Holly.
157:Frederick Douglass
153:Brooklyn, New York
298:Howard University
194:Buffalo, New York
111:
110:
92:Venerated in
37:Bishop Jack Holly
766:
665:
657:
627:
626:
624:
622:
608:
602:
601:
594:
588:
587:
585:
583:
569:
560:
559:
557:
555:
545:
539:
538:
536:
534:
524:
515:
514:citing dead link
509:
503:
502:
500:
498:
488:
479:
478:
476:
474:
463:
454:
453:
451:
449:
439:
367:Death and legacy
217:Religious career
172:Windsor, Ontario
118:Washington, D.C.
76:
63:Washington, D.C.
59:
57:
35:
21:
20:
774:
773:
769:
768:
767:
765:
764:
763:
744:American saints
739:Anglican saints
669:
668:
652:, eds. (1892).
636:
631:
630:
620:
618:
610:
609:
605:
596:
595:
591:
581:
579:
571:
570:
563:
553:
551:
547:
546:
542:
532:
530:
526:
525:
518:
510:
506:
496:
494:
490:
489:
482:
472:
470:
465:
464:
457:
447:
445:
441:
440:
436:
431:
415:
369:
361:Ulises Heureaux
349:Church Eclectic
333:Liberia College
219:
142:
86:
78:
74:
61:
60:October 3, 1829
55:
53:
52:
38:
26:
17:
16:American bishop
12:
11:
5:
772:
762:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
667:
666:
635:
632:
629:
628:
603:
589:
561:
540:
516:
504:
480:
469:. May 30, 2008
455:
433:
432:
430:
427:
426:
425:
414:
413:External links
411:
373:Anténor Firmin
368:
365:
314:Horatio Potter
229:Holly studied
218:
215:
174:, across from
141:
138:
122:Port-au-Prince
109:
108:
105:
99:
98:
93:
89:
88:
80:Port-au-Prince
77:(aged 81)
73:March 13, 1911
71:
67:
66:
49:
45:
44:
40:
39:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
771:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
676:
674:
663:
662:
656:
651:
647:
646:Wilson, J. G.
642:
641:public domain
638:
637:
617:
613:
607:
599:
593:
578:
574:
568:
566:
550:
544:
529:
523:
521:
513:
508:
493:
487:
485:
468:
462:
460:
444:
438:
434:
423:
420:
417:
416:
410:
408:
404:
400:
397:
393:
388:
386:
382:
378:
377:Ramón Cáceres
374:
364:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
317:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
290:
288:
282:
280:
275:
271:
267:
261:
259:
255:
251:
246:
244:
240:
236:
232:
223:
214:
211:
206:
202:
197:
195:
191:
187:
186:
181:
177:
173:
169:
164:
162:
158:
154:
149:
147:
137:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
106:
104:
100:
97:
94:
90:
85:
81:
72:
68:
64:
50:
46:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
659:
619:. Retrieved
616:satucket.com
615:
606:
592:
580:. Retrieved
576:
552:. Retrieved
543:
531:. Retrieved
507:
495:. Retrieved
471:. Retrieved
446:. Retrieved
437:
421:
407:Lesser Feast
389:
370:
356:
352:
348:
344:
318:
291:
283:
266:yellow fever
262:
253:
247:
228:
198:
183:
165:
161:Lewis Tappan
150:
143:
113:
112:
75:(1911-03-13)
18:
684:1911 deaths
679:1829 births
258:Frank Blair
25:James Holly
673:Categories
634:References
381:Hispaniola
351:, and the
310:Albert Lee
180:Henry Bibb
136:of Haiti.
56:1829-10-03
650:Fiske, J.
582:March 14,
554:March 14,
533:March 14,
497:March 14,
473:March 14,
448:March 14,
403:feast day
399:remembers
205:Cleveland
337:Monrovia
231:theology
146:Catholic
107:13 March
65:, U.S.A.
643::
621:May 16,
394:of the
341:Liberia
331:) from
321:England
287:Liberia
274:malaria
270:typhoid
235:Detroit
176:Detroit
347:, the
345:Church
134:bishop
429:Notes
329:LL.D.
296:from
126:Haiti
103:Feast
84:Haiti
623:2021
584:2016
556:2016
535:2016
499:2016
475:2016
450:2016
390:The
294:D.D.
70:Died
48:Born
203:in
675::
658:.
648:;
614:.
575:.
564:^
519:^
483:^
458:^
339:,
335:,
281:.
272:,
268:,
245:.
196:.
148:.
124:,
82:,
625:.
600:.
586:.
558:.
537:.
501:.
477:.
452:.
405:(
58:)
54:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
