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sees to the end of all temptations. As it bears no evil in itself, so it conceives none in thoughts to any other. If it be betrayed, it bears it, for its ground and spring is the mercies and forgiveness of God. Its crown is meekness, its life is everlasting love unfeigned; it takes its kingdom with entreaty and not with contention, and keeps it by lowliness of mind. In God alone it can rejoice, though none else regard it, or can own its life. It is conceived in sorrow, and brought forth without any to pity it, nor doth it murmur at grief and oppression. It never rejoiceth but through sufferings; for with the world's joy it is murdered. I found it alone, being forsaken. I have fellowship therein with them who lived in dens and desolate places in the earth, who through death obtained this resurrection and eternal holy life.
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by Quaker
Heritage Press, a complete edition of Nayler's works including letters previously available in manuscripts. The editor modernizing the spelling, punctuation, etc. noting significant textual variants without changing the original wording. The set is available in book form or in an unabridged
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There is a spirit which I feel that delights to do no evil, nor to revenge any wrong, but delights to endure all things, in hope to enjoy its own in the end. Its hope is to outlive all wrath and contention, and to weary out all exaltation and cruelty, or whatever is of a nature contrary to itself. It
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in the previous parliament. Ultimately the prosecution did not rely on any statute. Many of the speeches in the debates about Nayler centred on
Biblical tradition on heresy (including calling for the death penalty) and generally urged MPs to quash vice and heresy. After the verdict, Cromwell rejected
196:
for its implication of equality with Christ, and Nayler's ambiguous symbolism was seen as playing with fire. The
Society's subsequent move, mostly driven by Fox, toward a somewhat more organised structure, with Meetings given the ability to disavow a member, seemed to have been moved by a desire to
154:
Following Nayler's Palm Sunday Re-enactment, Nayler and some of his followers were apprehended and subsequently examined before
Parliament. It was found that Nayler's followers had referred to him by such titles as "Lord", "Prince of Peace", etc., apparently believing that Nayler was in some manner
209:
that "James ran out into imaginations, and a company with him; and they raised up a great darkness in the nation," despite Nayler's belief that his actions were consistent with Quaker theology, and despite Fox's own having occasionally acted in certain ways as if he himself might have been somehow
191:
To modern eyes, Nayler's Palm Sunday Re-enactment might not seem particularly outrageous, especially when compared with other acts of some of the other early Quaker activists, who would occasionally disrupt church services, or sometimes go out disrobed in public, being "naked as a sign", and as a
127:
showed how dangerous was the path of pride and how awful it was to turn light into darkness, but the frank, well-meant words of warning fell on deaf ears. Nayler tried to make a show of love and would have kissed Fox, but the latter would receive no sham kisses from one whose spirit was plainly
118:
were becoming over-enthusiastic and erratic. Fox's concerns apparently centred specifically on Nayler allowing a group of his followers to see in Nayler himself in some sense a great prophet or even a messiah figure. On 21 and 22 September 1656, Fox visited Nayler twice in prison at Exeter and
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Nayler left prison in 1659 a physically ruined man. He soon went to pay a visit to George Fox, before whom he then knelt and asked for forgiveness, repenting of his earlier actions. Afterwards he was formally, if still reluctantly, forgiven by Fox.
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After experiencing what he took to be the voice of God calling him from work in his fields, Nayler gave up his possessions and began seeking a spiritual direction, which he found in
Quakerism after meeting the leader of the movement,
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and on there to have a red-hot iron bored through his tongue, and also to be branded with the letter B for
Blasphemer on his forehead, and other public humiliations. Subsequently he was imprisoned for two years of hard labour.
256:
James Nayler was buried on 21 October 1660 in Thomas
Parnell's burial ground at Kings Ripton. According to the village website, "There is also a Quaker's Burial ground to the rear of 'Quakers Rest' on Ramsey Road."
210:
similar to the
Biblical prophets. Yet Fox and the movement in general denounced Nayler publicly, though this did not stop anti-Quakers from using the incident to paint Quakers as heretics or equate them with
735:
A Collection of Sundry Books, Epistles, and Papers
Written by James Nayler, Some of Which Were Never Before Printed: with an Impartial Relation of the Most Remarkable Transactions Relating to His Life
336:
A Collection of Sundry Books, Epistles, and Papers
Written by James Nayler, Some of Which Were Never Before Printed: with an Impartial Relation of the Most Remarkable Transactions Relating to His Life
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The History of the Rise, Increase and Progress of the Quakers. Intermixed With Several Remarkable Occurrences, Written Originally in Low Dutch, and Also Translated by Hymself Into English. The 6. Ed
342:, though Whitehead omitted Nayler's more controversial works and freely edited and changed the text. Note that this volume appeared after the death of George Fox, who opposed the re-issuing of
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of Nayler's writings. Fox, however, did appropriate and issue with only cosmetic changes as "Epistle 47" a 1653 letter written by Nayler as his own in the 1698 edition of Fox's epistles.
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In October 1656, Nayler and his friends, including Simmonds, staged a demonstration that proved disastrous: Nayler re-enacted the Palm Sunday arrival of Christ in Jerusalem.
280:, each inspired by a four- to sixteen-word portion of Nayler's dying statement (and also includes the intact statement). Boulding gave permission for the publication of his
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representations on behalf of Nayler, but at the same time wanted to make sure the case did not provide a precedent for action against the people of God.
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538:, 2, Longman, Brown, Green & Longmans., p. 1070, has the complete sentence from Parliament; see also the legend in the picture to the right.
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247:. A day later and two hours before he died on 21 October, aged 42, he made a moving statement which many Quakers since have come to value:
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The Nayler case was part of a broader political attack against the Quakers. Initially, it was discussed under the Blasphemy Ordinance of
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Refutation of some of the more Modern Misrepresentations of the Society of Friends commonly called Quakers, with a Life of James Nayler,
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supposed symbol of spiritual innocence. At the time, Quakers were already being pressed to denounce the doctrine of the
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wrong. "James," he said, "it will be harder for thee to get down thy rude company than it was for thee to set them up."
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religious settlement on the Commonwealth – the Presbyterians had also attempted to use the Ordinance against
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Beginning in 1656, Fox expressed concerns to Nayler that both Nayler's ministry and that of his associate
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admonished him. Over the visits, Nayler continued to reject Fox's words. Prominent Quaker author
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to Irene Pickard who printed them in 1944 in the periodical she was editing from New York City,
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97:, in 1652. Nayler became the most prominent of the travelling Quaker evangelists known as the
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738:(1716), Internet Archive with downloadable pdfs of this copy of the George Whitehead edition.
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The Sorrows of the Quaker Jesus: James Nayler and the Puritan Crackdown on the Free Spirit,
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The Sorrows of the Quaker Jesus: James Nayler and the Puritan Crackdown on the Free Spirit.
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A Relation of the Life, Conversion, Examination, Confession, and Sentence of James Nayler.
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p. 836. By Thomas Bayly Howell. 1810. Publisher: R. Bagshaw. Downloaded 1 Oct. 2017.
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refused to say if she called him "Jesus". On 16 December 1656 he was convicted of
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By Leo Damrosch. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996, pp. 6 and 238.
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489:(online ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. ref:odnb/69127.
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Having been accepted again by Fox, Nayler joined other Quaker critics of the
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Inward Light". The "There is a spirit ..." statement forms section 19.12 of
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101:. He drew many converts and was considered a skilled theological debater.
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716:. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 318.
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God's Instruments: Political Conduct in the England of Oliver Cromwell
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Volume I (Farmington, ME: Quaker Heritage Press, 2003) p. 317, no. 1.
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73:
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Memoir of the Life, Ministry, Trial, and Sufferings of James Nayler.
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Why Do We Blame the Victim? In Defence of James Nayler (March 2012)
730:, Quaker Heritage Press on-line edition; accessed 12 November 2014.
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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George Fox was horrified by the Bristol event, recounting in his
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167:. Narrowly escaping execution, he was sentenced to be put in the
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480:"Hannah Stranger in The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography"
306:, taken from Nayler's "There is a spirit ..." statement. (2007).
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21:
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James Nayler, with a "B" (blasphemer) branded on his forehead.
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Bristol Palm Sunday Re-enactment and sentencing for blasphemy
53:
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and John Taylor (published 1882); accessed 12 November 2014.
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Parliamentarian military personnel of the English Civil War
653:. 4 vols. Farmington, ME: Quaker Heritage Press, 2003–2009.
477:
Matthew, H. C. G.; Harrison, B., eds. (23 September 2004).
801:
788:"Passages detailing James Nayler's ride into Bristol from
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James Nayler 1618–1660: The Quaker Indicted by Parliament
338:(1716) edited by his friend (and important early Quaker)
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is a collection, first published in 1945, of 26 poems by
784:, aquakerstew.blogspot.co.uk; accessed 12 November 2014.
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representing the return of Jesus Christ. His follower
764:, hallvworthington.com; accessed 12 November 2014.
728:The Complete Works of James Nayler in four volumes
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123:provides a description of the strained encounter:
110:Fox's concerns over the acts of Nayler's followers
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1460:People from the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley
1425:Government opposition to new religious movements
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768:James Nayler's "There is a spirit ..." statement
523:Cobbett's Complete Collection of State Trials...
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396:. London: Rationalist Press Association, 1990.
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777:, strecorsoc.org; accessed 12 November 2014.
751:, strecorsoc.org; accessed 12 November 2014.
551:, York: Sessions of York, 1996, pp. 131–145.
742:James Nayler's Spiritual Writings 1653–1660
429:. At the University Press. p. 268-269.
179:with the hope of imposing an authoritative
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1115:Friends Committee on National Legislation
640:, qhpress.org; accessed 12 November 2014.
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651:The Works of James Nayler (1618–1660)
587:"19.12 | Quaker faith & practice"
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274:There Is A Spirit: The Nayler Sonnets
56:. He was imprisoned and charged with
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1355:Protestant missionaries in England
1085:American Friends Service Committee
446:. Ferris & Leach. p. 271.
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463:. New York Macmillan. p. 83.
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760:12 November 2014 at the
536:The Mirror of Parliament
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270:on-line edition. (2009).
197:avoid similar problems.
72:. In 1642 he joined the
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1044:John Greenleaf Whittier
796:James Fawckner Nicholls
713:Encyclopædia Britannica
612:Beginnings of Quakerism
460:The Story Of George Fox
406:Sewel, William (1834).
218:Reconciliation with Fox
147:James Nayler in pillory
1400:English letter writers
1125:Friends United Meeting
1095:Britain Yearly Meeting
747:6 October 2014 at the
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412:. Darton. p. 181.
290:Britain Yearly Meeting
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423:Fox, George (1952).
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320:Joseph Gurney Bevan
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1360:Protestant mystics
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1259:Faith and Practice
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929:Joseph John Gurney
624:About Kings Ripton
566:. OUP. pp. 81–85.
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105:Rift with Fox
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99:Valiant Sixty
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78:quartermaster
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42:Valiant Sixty
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19:
1284:Inward light
1262:
1258:
1059:John Woolman
1014:William Penn
994:James Nayler
993:
979:Benjamin Lay
944:Edward Hicks
909:Joshua Evans
879:John Cadbury
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594:. Retrieved
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498:. Retrieved
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363:Leo Damrosch
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84:until 1650.
82:John Lambert
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48:by entering
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30:James Nayler
29:
28:
18:
1350:1660 deaths
1345:1618 births
1169:Testimonies
1049:John Wilbur
964:Rufus Jones
949:Elias Hicks
889:Anne Conway
884:Levi Coffin
841:Individuals
194:Inner Light
185:John Biddle
139:Naylor case
1490:Roundheads
1339:Categories
1191:Simplicity
1024:Betsy Ross
1009:Alice Paul
939:Carl Heath
919:George Fox
904:Judi Dench
899:James Dean
684:References
512:required.)
137:See also:
95:George Fox
64:Early life
1200:By region
334:entitled
322:. (1800).
237:Yorkshire
201:Aftermath
161:blasphemy
58:blasphemy
1309:Tapestry
1181:Equality
771:Archived
758:Archived
745:Archived
357:See also
1314:Wedding
1304:Schools
1269:History
1243:Science
833:Quakers
701::
596:12 June
500:6 April
352:(1657).
328:(1719).
312:(1996).
212:Ranters
207:Journal
169:pillory
50:Bristol
1222:Africa
1217:Europe
1068:Groups
695:
570:
506:
373:
298:. The
80:under
38:Quaker
34:Naylor
1319:Women
1299:Query
1248:Clerk
1231:Other
1176:Peace
381:Notes
54:horse
52:on a
598:2020
568:ISBN
502:2023
371:ISBN
177:1648
32:(or
1261:or
794:by
710:".
491:doi
344:ANY
318:by
1341::
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578:^
483:.
469:^
369:;
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493::
286:"
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