3063:, patronage was the policy of placing political supporters into appointed offices. Many Jacksonians held the view that rotating political appointees in and out of office was not only the right, but also the duty of winners in political contests. Patronage was theorized to be good because it would encourage political participation by the common man and because it would make a politician more accountable for poor government service by his appointees. Jacksonians also held that long tenure in the civil service was corrupting, so civil servants should be rotated out of office at regular intervals. However, patronage often led to the hiring of incompetent and sometimes corrupt officials due to the emphasis on party loyalty above any other qualifications.
2302:
3405:, the bill would have allowed for federal funding of a project to construct a road linking Lexington and the Ohio River, the entirety of which would be in the state of Kentucky, Clay's home state. His primary objection was based on the local nature of the project. He argued it was not the federal government's job to fund projects of such a local nature and/or those lacking a connection to the nation as a whole. The debates in Congress reflected two competing visions of federalism. The Jacksonians saw the union strictly as the cooperative aggregation of the individual states, while the Whigs saw the entire nation as a distinct entity.
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1817:
2015:
364:
351:
3877:, pp. 16, 35. "By 1840, only three states retained a property qualification, North Carolina (for some state-wide offices only), Rhode Island, and Virginia. In 1856 North Carolina was the last state to end the practice. Tax-paying qualifications were also gone in all but a few states by the Civil War, but they survived into the 20th century in Pennsylvania and Rhode Island."
3782:, pp. 15, 36. "These figures suggest that by 1820 more than half of adult white males were casting votes, except in those states that still retained property requirements or substantial tax requirements for the franchise – Virginia, Rhode Island (the two states that maintained property restrictions through 1840), and New York as well as Louisiana."
3307:
active government. However, Democrats tended to oppose programs like educational reform and the establishment of a public education system. For instance, they believed that public schools restricted individual liberty by interfering with parental responsibility and undermined freedom of religion by replacing church schools.
3310:
Jackson looked at the Indian question in terms of military and legal policy, not as a problem due to their race. In 1813, Jackson adopted and treated as his own son a three-year-old Indian orphan—seeing in him a fellow orphan that was "so much like myself I feel an unusual sympathy for him". In legal
3306:
Jackson vetoed more legislation than all previous presidents combined. The long-term effect was to create the modern, strong presidency. Jackson and his supporters also opposed progressive reformation as a movement. Progressive reformers eager to turn their programs into legislation called for a more
3177:
The fact that a man was now legally allowed to vote did not necessarily mean he routinely voted. He had to be pulled to the polls, which became the most important role of the local parties. They systematically sought out potential voters and brought them to the polls. Voter turnout soared during the
3301:
The
Democrats represented a wide range of views but shared a fundamental commitment to the Jeffersonian concept of an agrarian society. They viewed a central government as the enemy of individual liberty and they believed that government intervention in the economy benefited special-interest groups
3746:
Not the least remarkable triumph of the
Jacksonian organization was its success in picturing its candidate as the embodiment of democracy, despite the fact that Jackson had been aligned with the conservative faction in Tennessee politics for 30 years and that in the financial crisis that swept the
3334:
Douglas was preeminently a
Jacksonian, and his adherence to the tenets of what became known as Jacksonian democracy grew as his own career developed. ... Popular rule, or what he called would later call popular sovereignty, lay at the base of his political structure. Like most Jacksonians, Douglas
3408:
Carl Lane argues "securing national debt freedom was a core element of
Jacksonian democracy". Paying off the national debt was a high priority which would make a reality of the Jeffersonian vision of America truly free from rich bankers, self-sufficient in world affairs, virtuous at home, and
3173:
of the 1840s demonstrated that the demand for equal suffrage was broad and strong, although the subsequent reform included a significant property requirement for any resident born outside of the United States. However, free black men lost voting rights in several states during this period.
3144:
An important movement in the period from 1800 to 1830—before the
Jacksonians were organized—was the gradual expansion of the right to vote from only property owning men to include all white men over 21. Older states with property restrictions dropped them, namely all but
3292:
Jacksonians believed the people's will had finally prevailed. Through a lavishly financed coalition of state parties, political leaders, and newspaper editors, a popular movement had elected the president. The
Democrats became the nation's first well-organized national
3097:– Complementing a strict construction of the Constitution, the Jacksonians generally favored a hands-off approach to the economy as opposed to the Whig program sponsoring modernization, railroads, banking and economic growth. The chief spokesman amongst
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to clear out elected officials in government of an opposing party and replace them with his supporters as a reward for their electioneering. With
Congress controlled by his enemies, Jackson relied heavily on the power of the veto to block their moves.
3865:, p. 14. "Property- or tax-based qualifications were most strongly entrenched in the original thirteen states, and dramatic political battles took place at a series of prominent state constitutional conventions held during the late 1810s and 1820s."
3302:
and created corporate monopolies that favored the rich. They sought to restore the independence of the individual—the artisan and the ordinary farmer—by ending federal support of banks and corporations and restricting the use of paper currency.
1952:. Even before the Jacksonian era began, suffrage had been extended to a majority of white male adult citizens, a result which the Jacksonians celebrated. Jacksonian democracy also promoted the strength of the presidency and the
3077:, Jacksonians initially favored a federal government of limited powers. Jackson said that he would guard against "all encroachments upon the legitimate sphere of State sovereignty". However, he was not a
5269:
3356:, shown as the Devil himself. Numerous politicians and editors who were given favorable loans from the Bank run for cover as the financial temple crashes down. A famous fictional character,
3311:
terms, when it became a matter of state sovereignty versus tribal sovereignty he went with the states and forced the
Indians to fresh lands with no white rivals in what became known as the
3085:
would find
Jackson fighting against what he perceived as state encroachments on the proper sphere of federal influence. This position was one basis for the Jacksonians' opposition to the
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withered away. Every state had numerous political factions, but they did not cross state lines. Political coalitions formed and dissolved and politicians moved in and out of alliances.
3717:
More loosely, it alludes to the entire range of democratic reforms that proceeded alongside the
Jacksonians' triumph—from expanding the suffrage to restructuring federal institutions.
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3169:, of which only in Louisiana were these significant and long lasting. The process was peaceful and widely supported, except in the state of Rhode Island. In Rhode Island, the
1846:
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was diffusion. Many ex-Jacksonians turned their crusade against the Money Power into one against the Slave Power and became Republicans. He points to the struggle over the
3197:. Held in Baltimore, Maryland, September 26–28, 1831, it transformed the process by which political parties select their presidential and vice-presidential candidates.
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3015:– The Jacksonians believed that voting rights should be extended to all white men. By the end of the 1820s, attitudes and state laws had shifted in favor of
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25 Aug 1839 stated: "The state of things in Kentucky ... is quite as favorable to the cause of Jacksonian democracy." cited in "Jacksonian democracy",
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1839:
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Jackson fulfilled his promise of broadening the influence of the citizenry in government, although not without vehement controversy over his methods.
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1837 cartoon playing on "Jackson" and "jackass", showing the Democratic Party as a donkey, which has remained its popular symbol into the 21st century
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equal protection of the laws; an aversion to a moneyed aristocracy, exclusive privileges, and monopolies, and a predilection for the common man;
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served in Jackson's administration as Minister to Russia and as Polk's Secretary of State, but he did not pursue Jacksonian policies. Finally,
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3119:. Jackson said: "The bank is trying to kill me, but I will kill it!" and he did so. The Whigs, who strongly supported the Bank, were led by
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The spirit of Jacksonian democracy animated the party that formed around him, from the early 1830s to the 1850s, shaping the era, with the
3115:– In particular, the Jacksonians opposed government-granted monopolies to banks, especially the national bank, a central bank known as the
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and his supporters, it became the nation's dominant political worldview for a generation. The term itself was in active use by the 1830s.
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3182:. Tax-paying qualifications remained in only five states by 1860—Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Pennsylvania, Delaware and North Carolina.
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2985:, in 1999, stated that Jacksonian Democracy involved the belief that the people are sovereign, that their will is absolute and that the
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3288:. The new party (which did not get the name Democrats until 1834) swept to a landslide. As Mary Beth Norton explains regarding 1828:
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832:
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Wulf, Naomi (2001). "'The Greatest General Good': Road Construction, National Interest, and Federal Funding in Jacksonian America".
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were extended to adult white males only. There was also little to no improvement, and in many cases a reduction of the rights of
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In addition to Jackson, his second Vice President and one of the key organizational leaders of the Jacksonian Democratic Party,
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3244:—a fusion of the National Republicans and other anti-Jackson parties—politically battled it out nationally and in every state.
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he and many followers believed that only gold and silver should be used to back currency, rather than the integrity of a bank.
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One innovative strategy for increasing voter participation and input was developed outside the Jacksonian camp. Prior to the
3089:. As the Jacksonians consolidated power, they more often advocated expanding federal power, presidential power in particular.
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3684:... which was one of the recurrent themes in European and in particular American radicalism: Jacksonian democrats were ...
3131:, the bank chairman. Jackson himself was opposed to all banks because he believed they were devices to cheat common people
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cartoon from 1833 shows Jackson destroying the Bank with his "Order for the Removal", to the annoyance of Bank President
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Mayo, Edward L. (1979). "Republicanism, Antipartyism, and Jacksonian Party Politics: A View from the Nation's Capitol".
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The platforms, speeches and editorials were founded upon a broad consensus among Democrats. As Norton et al. explain:
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to most white men over the age of 21 and restructured a number of federal institutions. Originating with the seventh
1017:
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Formisano, Ronald P. (1974). "Deferential-Participant Politics: The Early Republic's Political Culture, 1789-1840".
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believed that the people spoke through the majority, that the majority will was the expression of the popular will.
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17:
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Kruman, Marc W. (1992). "The Second American Party System and the Transformation of Revolutionary Republicanism".
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from the Southeast. Jackson was denounced as a tyrant by opponents on both ends of the political spectrum such as
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by the mid-1820s. No new states had property qualifications although three had adopted tax-paying qualifications—
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4494:"Limits of Political Engagement in Antebellum America: A New Look at the Golden Age of Participatory Democracy"
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Howe, Daniel Walker (1991). "The Evangelical Movement and Political Culture during the Second Party System".
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Hammond, The history of political parties in the state of New-York(1850) history to 1840 from MOA Michigan
4996:(Oxford History of the United States) (2009), Pulitzer Prize; surveys era from anti-Jacksonian perspective
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William S. Belko, "'A Tax On The Many, To Enrich A Few': Jacksonian Democracy Vs. The Protective Tariff."
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Tales of the Early Republic collection of texts and encyclopedia entries on Jacksonian Era, by Hal Morris
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Grassroots Reform in the Burned-over District of Upstate New York: Religion, Abolitionism, and Democracy
3998:
Lawrence H. White, "William Leggett: Jacksonian editorialist as classical liberal political economist."
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and by 1856 all requirements to own property and nearly all requirements to pay taxes had been dropped.
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and to expand control from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific, and that the West should be settled by
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The Party Period and Public Policy: American Politics from the Age of Jackson to the Progressive Era
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Lane, Carl. "The Elimination of the National Debt in 1835 and the Meaning Of Jacksonian Democracy."
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3436:. Southern Jacksonians overwhelmingly endorsed secession in 1861, apart from a few opponents led by
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Political Parties and American Political Development: From the Age of Jackson to the Age of Lincoln
4172:
Political Parties and American Political Development: From the Age of Jackson to the Age of Lincoln
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Carl Lane, "The elimination of the national debt in 2025 and the meaning of Jacksonian democracy."
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Wallace, Michael (1968). "Changing Concepts of Party in the United States: New York, 1815-1828".
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The Rise and Fall of the American Whig Party: Jacksonian Politics and the Onset of the Civil War
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Formisano, Ronald P. (1969). "Political Character, Antipartyism, and the Second Party System".
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3460:, served as president. He helped shape modern presidential campaign organizations and methods.
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generally opposed Manifest Destiny and expansion, saying the nation should build up its cities.
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Simeone, James. "Reassessing Jacksonian Political Culture: William Leggett's Egalitarianism."
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in 1865, but by then Jacksonian democracy had been pushed off the stage of American politics.
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William S. Belko, in 2015, summarized "the core concepts underlying Jacksonian Democracy" as:
1944:
spirit. It built upon Jackson's equal political policy, subsequent to ending what he termed a
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Space, Time, and Freedom: The Quest for Nationality and the Irrepressible Conflict, 1815-1861
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The Idea of a Party System: The Rise of Legitimate Opposition in the United States, 1780-1840
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Shade, William G. (1983). "The Second Party System". In Kleppner, Paul; et al. (eds.).
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Cave, Alfred A. "The Jacksonian movement in American historiography" (PhD, U Florida, 1961)
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Affairs of Party: The Political Culture of Northern Democrats in the Mid-Nineteenth Century
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Murrin, John M.; Johnson, Paul E.; McPherson, James M.; Fahs, Alice; Gerstle, Gary (2012).
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Jacksonian policies included ending the bank of the United States, expanding westward and
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Social Theories of Jacksonian Democracy: Representative Writings of the Period 1825–1850
1964:
in government. The Jacksonians demanded elected, not appointed, judges and rewrote many
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The Politics of Individualism: Parties and the American Character in the Jacksonian Era
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Liberty, Retrenchment and Reform: Popular Liberalism in the Age of Gladstone, 1860-1880
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3240:, but he was defeated by Jackson. By the late 1830s, the Jacksonian Democrats and the
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5036:
4977:
4958:
4881:
4779:
4755:
4683:
4660:
4621:
4561:
4551:
4532:
4362:
4274:
4247:
4195:
4088:
4023:
3820:
3799:
3661:
3612:
3559:
3285:
3233:
3078:
2901:
2828:
2553:
2543:
2489:
2370:
2343:
1933:, which would afterward combine with other anti-Jackson political groups to form the
1922:
1816:
1639:
1594:
1534:
1509:
1464:
1407:
426:
5519:
5097:
8363:
8243:
8208:
8106:
8021:
8016:
7507:
6945:
6908:
6834:
6792:
6688:
6648:
6449:
6444:
6213:
5861:
5807:
5536:
5533:
The Leaven of Democracy: The Growth of the Democratic Spirit in the Time of Jackson
5462:
5417:
5311:
5226:
5172:
5143:
5059:
5009:
4861:
4832:
4803:
4617:
4505:
4329:
3457:
3281:
3206:
3038:
3022:
2982:
2838:
2833:
2783:
2610:
2498:
2459:
2449:
2429:
2272:
2225:
2142:
1998:, during the extensive period of Jacksonian democracy, spanning from 1829 to 1860.
1977:
1669:
1549:
1514:
1412:
1335:
1330:
812:
637:
326:
288:
180:
158:
51:
5608:
5603:
5588:
8431:
8368:
8323:
8223:
7229:
7162:
7058:
7019:
6903:
6846:
6718:
6621:
6519:
6439:
6434:
6384:
6131:
6070:
5913:
5866:
5792:
5615:
5563:
5543:
5526:
5373:
5090:
4938:
4486:
4305:
3986:
3950:
3480:
3421:
3409:
administered by a small government not prone to financial corruption or payoffs.
3379:
3353:
3274:
3128:
3034:
2939:
2763:
2723:
2508:
2210:
2095:
1992:
1984:
1730:
1674:
1629:
1529:
604:
150:
5333:
The Jacksonians Versus the Banks: Politics in the States after the Panic of 1837
3747:
West after 1819 he had vigorously opposed legislation for the relief of debtors.
3471:
quickly reached accommodation with the Jacksonians. Tyler was then succeeded by
3257:
8111:
7179:
7157:
7135:
7113:
7108:
6633:
6564:
6494:
6239:
6192:
6137:
6113:
5968:
5953:
5881:
5871:
5661:
5556:
5341:
4358:
Fathers and Children: Andrew Jackson and the Subjugation of the American Indian
4318:
Prucha, Francis Paul (1969). "Andrew Jackson's Indian policy: a reassessment".
3488:
3484:
3437:
3429:
3417:
3368:
3312:
3229:
3225:
3170:
3154:
3124:
2868:
2758:
2528:
2157:
2029:
1969:
1875:
1871:
1417:
494:
314:
310:
284:
204:
47:
5578:
5366:
4186:
in 1957 dated the era from 1827 to 1853, with 1854 as the start of a new era.
8589:
7321:
7098:
6155:
5978:
5856:
5777:
5742:
5390:
Jackson Versus Biddle: The Struggle over the Second Bank of the United States
5213:
5201:
4926:
Hofstadter, Richard. "William Leggett: Spokesman of Jacksonian Democracy."
3491:, who had been a strong supporter of Jackson, became president following the
3472:
3390:
3093:
3060:
2997:
2986:
2768:
2635:
2588:
2464:
2235:
2137:
300:
192:
176:
171:
123:
55:
4565:
3424:
revolt of 1848, and the mass defections from the Democrats in 1854 over the
2365:
7310:
7246:
6787:
4774:
The Transformation of Political Culture: Massachusetts Parties, 1790s-1840s
3441:
3413:
3220:
More former Democratic-Republicans supported Jackson, while others such as
3146:
1973:
1909:
dramatically reshaped American politics. It emerged when the long-dominant
210:
154:
5573:
4057:
The Right to Vote: The Contested History of Democracy in the United States
3974:
Richard Hofstadter, "William Leggett, Spokesman of Jacksonian Democracy."
3888:
The Right to Vote: The Contested History of Democracy in the United States
3444:
fiercely opposed secession, while Franklin Pierce, James Buchanan and the
3344:
7202:
7130:
7046:
6866:
6591:
3440:. In the North, Jacksonians Martin Van Buren, Stephen A. Douglas and the
3166:
2748:
2439:
145:
4270:
A People and a Nation: A History of the United States, Volume I: To 1877
2934:
7289:
7197:
7103:
7036:
6809:
5963:
5583:
5474:
5429:
5323:
5184:
5155:
5119:
The Second American Party System: Party Formation in the Jacksonian Era
5071:
5021:
4931:
4873:
4844:
4815:
4519:
4432:
The Coming of Democracy: Presidential Campaigning in the Age of Jackson
4341:
4183:
4159:
The Second American Party System: Party Formation in the Jacksonian Era
3979:
3943:
3468:
3375:
3221:
3120:
3042:
2823:
2753:
2620:
1926:
747:
593:
296:
7125:
5822:
4119:
William G. Shade, "The Second Party System". in Paul Kleppner, et al.
3322:, senator from Illinois, who was the key player in the passage of the
270:
6955:
6574:
6424:
5973:
5737:
5579:
Register of Debates in Congress, 1824–1837; complete text; searchable
5453:
Wilentz, Sean (1982). "On Class and Politics in Jacksonian America".
5058:(4). Society for Historians of the Early American Republic: 509–537.
4909:
He would go on to develop this essay into his Pulitzer-prize-winning
4413:
Sean Wilentz, "Politics, Irony, and the Rise of American Democracy."
3938:
William Trimble, "The social philosophy of the Loco-Foco democracy."
3162:
3106:
3056:
3008:
argued in 1945 that Jacksonian democracy was built on the following:
2848:
2803:
2663:
2350:
2072:
1941:
5466:
5421:
5315:
5176:
5147:
5063:
5013:
4865:
4836:
4807:
4510:
4493:
4333:
7331:
7269:
7041:
6960:
5891:
5163:
Marshall, Lynn (1967). "The Strange Stillbirth of the Whig Party".
4911:
Banks and Politics in America: From the Revolution to the Civil War
4044:
Banks and Politics in America, From the Revolution to the Civil War
3150:
3041:, argued for limitations on slavery in the new areas to enable the
2843:
2813:
2778:
2600:
2169:
1945:
1867:
184:
5626:
Triumph of Nationalism 1815–1850 study guides & teaching tools
5569:
Second Party System 1824–1860 short essays by scholar Michael Holt
3547:
3545:
3467:. Harrison died just 30 days into his term and his Vice President
5630:
5302:
Sellers, Charles (1958). "Andrew Jackson Versus the Historians".
3284:
in 1828 as Jackson crusaded on claims of corruption by President
3025:– This was the belief that Americans had a destiny to settle the
2014:
5264:
Shade, William G. "Politics and Parties in Jacksonian America,"
4645:
Historical Dictionary of the Jacksonian Era and Manifest Destiny
3178:
1830s, reaching about 80% of adult white male population in the
4993:
What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815–1848
3963:
Economic Policy and Democratic Thought: Pennsylvania, 1776–1860
3542:
3273:
became a coalition of poor farmers, city-dwelling laborers and
3030:
2863:
5130:(Kent State University Press; 2012) 156 pages; historiography
4794:
Formisano, Ronald P. (1999). "The 'Party Period' Revisited".
1949:
5355:
Political Ideology and Voting Behavior in the Age of Jackson
4548:
The Concept of Jacksonian Democracy: New York as a Test Case
4191:
The Concept of Jacksonian Democracy: New York as a Test Case
3927:
States' Rights and the Union: Imperium in Imperio, 1776–1876
1983:
Jackson's expansion of democracy was exclusively limited to
4491:
3158:
363:
5381:
Andrew Jackson: His Contribution to the American Tradition
4087:(6th ed.). Wadsworth, Cengage Learning. p. 296.
4084:
Liberty, Equality, Power: A History of the American People
4080:
3589:
3587:
3205:
The period from 1824 to 1832 was politically chaotic. The
350:
4700:"The Evolution of Suffrage Institutions in the New World"
3139:
5249:
Franklin B. Pierce: The Twilight of Jacksonian Democracy
5128:
The Age of Andrew Jackson: Interpreting American History
4750:
The Birth of Mass Political Parties: Michigan, 1827-1861
5241:
Martin Van Buren and the Making of the Democratic Party
3584:
3551:
3000:; and the welfare of the community over the individual.
5206:
Jacksonian America: Society, Personality, and Politics
4860:(2). American Political Science Association: 473–487.
4146:
The Anti-Masonic Party in the United States: 1826–1843
5008:(4). Organization of American Historians: 1216–1239.
4976:. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press.
4417:
6.4 (2006): 537-553, at p. 538, summarizing his book
5484:
The Rise of American Democracy: Jefferson to Lincoln
5257:
The Market Revolution: Jacksonian America, 1815-1846
5218:
The Many-Faceted Jacksonian Era: New Interpretations
4504:(3). Organization of American Historians: 855–885 .
4419:
The rise of American democracy: Jefferson to Lincoln
4228:
The Rise of American Democracy: Jefferson to Lincoln
3213:
were dead and with no effective opposition, the old
3049:
they split with the main party briefly in 1848. The
5310:(4). Organization of American Historians: 615–634.
4698:Engerman, Stanley L.; Sokoloff, Kenneth L. (2005).
4293:John Yoo, "Andrew Jackson and Presidential Power."
3914:
Democracy and the Party System in the United States
3330:. According to his biographer Robert W. Johanssen:
3247:
5984:List of federal judges appointed by Andrew Jackson
5126:McKnight, Brian D., and James S. Humphreys, eds.
5121:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
4831:(4). The Johns Hopkins University Press: 683–709.
4802:(1). Organization of American Historians: 93–120.
4771:
4747:
4675:
4655:Martin Van Buren And The American Political System
4652:
4354:
3649:
3412:What became of Jacksonian Democracy, according to
1901:became the dominant issue with the passage of the
5268:Vol. 110, No. 4 (October 1986), pp. 483–507
4011:
3428:. Other Jacksonian leaders such as Chief Justice
3236:pulled together a network of factions called the
1940:Broadly speaking, the era was characterized by a
8631:Factions in the Democratic Party (United States)
8587:
6269:
5788:United States Senate Committee on Armed Services
5461:(4). The Johns Hopkins University Press: 45–63.
4492:Altschuler, Glenn C.; Blumin, Stuart M. (1997).
4266:
4239:
1917:. Jackson's supporters began to form the modern
5416:(2). American Historical Association: 453–491.
5171:(2). American Historical Association: 445–468.
5142:(1). The Johns Hopkins University Press: 3–20.
4587:. Gainesville, FL: University of Florida Press.
3632:
3630:
3628:
3510:History of the Democratic Party (United States)
1972:. In national terms, they favored geographical
1905:in 1854 and the political repercussions of the
5266:Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography
5194:The Jacksonian Persuasion: Politics and Belief
4892:Andrew Jackson's Battle with the "Money Power"
3224:opposed him. More former Federalists, such as
6540:Drafting and ratification of the Constitution
6255:
5646:
4754:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
4659:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
3798:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 166–.
3558:. University of Illinois Press. p. 137.
2957:
2320:
1960:, while also seeking to broaden the public's
1840:
7464:Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization
5498:Intellectual history of Whigs and Democrats.
5394:Excerpts from primary and secondary sources.
3625:
5284:
4682:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
4194:. Princeton University Press. p. 128.
3606:
3397:One of the most important of these was the
6262:
6248:
5653:
5639:
5589:debate, 1830 on nullification & tariff
5397:
5235:Abridgment of Remini's 3-volume biography.
5196:. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
4943:
4916:
4397:European Contributions to American Studies
4187:
3785:
3638:Journal of the History of Economic Thought
2964:
2950:
2327:
2313:
1847:
1833:
269:
27:19th-century American political philosophy
6988:Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
6016:(Washington D.C. and New Orleans statues)
5803:Andrew Jackson 1828 presidential campaign
5116:
5095:
5080:Essays in Economic & Business History
4851:
4822:
4793:
4769:
4745:
4603:"Andrew Jackson, Slavery, and Historians"
4509:
3595:Essays in Economic & Business History
3505:Andrew Jackson 1828 presidential campaign
3483:had been a supporter of Jackson as well.
5929:1832 United States presidential election
5798:1828 United States presidential election
5783:1824 United States presidential election
5753:Battles of Emuckfaw and Enotachopo Creek
5693:Federal Military Commissioner of Florida
5346:The American Political Nation, 1838-1893
5162:
4643:Cheathem, Mark R. and Terry Corps, eds.
4600:
4476:A Companion to the Era of Andrew Jackson
4243:A People and a Nation, Volume I: to 1877
4015:The American Presidents: Critical Essays
3899:David S. Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler,
3451:
3343:
3256:
8696:Western (genre) staples and terminology
7143:Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.
5481:
5452:
5407:
5301:
5277:Evolution of American Electoral Systems
5254:
4899:from the original on September 27, 2018
4888:
4585:Jacksonian Democracy and the Historians
4577:. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
4531:. Bronx, NY: Fordham University Press.
4434:(Johns Hopkins University Press, 2018).
4361:. Transaction Publishers. p. 189.
4121:Evolution of American Electoral Systems
3728:
3463:Van Buren was defeated in 1840 by Whig
3328:1852 Democratic presidential nomination
3252:
1881:This era, called the Jacksonian Era or
380:This article is part of a series on the
14:
8651:Political history of the United States
8588:
5604:Documents on Indian removal 1831–1833
5491:
5387:
5378:
5352:
5340:
5292:. Boston: Little, Brown & Company.
5238:
5225:
5212:
5200:
5049:
4575:Jacksonian Democracy: Myth or Reality?
4545:
4317:
4267:Mary Beth Norton; et al. (2007).
4240:Mary Beth Norton; et al. (2014).
3818:
3791:
3326:, and was a leading contender for the
3228:, opposed Jackson, although some like
8636:History of United States expansionism
8071:
7833:
7495:
6299:
6243:
5944:Second inauguration of Andrew Jackson
5634:
5330:
5274:
5191:
5102:. New York: Oxford University Press.
5035:. New York: Oxford University Press.
4957:. New York: Oxford University Press.
4778:. New York: Oxford University Press.
4678:Jacksonian Democracy in New Hampshire
4631:from the original on October 21, 2017
4526:
4208:from the original on January 20, 2023
4101:from the original on January 20, 2023
3674:from the original on January 20, 2023
3572:from the original on January 20, 2023
3280:The new party was pulled together by
2976:
5847:First inauguration of Andrew Jackson
5488:Highly detailed scholarly synthesis.
5436:
5304:Mississippi Valley Historical Review
5133:
5028:
4999:
4971:
4952:
4697:
4673:
4650:
4582:
4572:
4394:
4132:
4068:
3874:
3862:
3779:
3729:Bradley, Harold W. (July 30, 2024).
1895:Jackson's 1828 presidential election
6000:List of memorials to Andrew Jackson
5934:1832 Democratic National Convention
3707:from the original on March 24, 2022
3360:(right), cheers: "Hurrah! Gineral!"
1866:in the United States that expanded
24:
6830:Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act
6820:Assassination of James A. Garfield
5660:
3525:Voting rights in the United States
3432:endorsed slavery through the 1857
3195:presidential nominating convention
2102:7th President of the United States
790: Modern Era
25:
8732:
8601:19th century in the United States
6862:Assassination of William McKinley
5557:American Political History Online
5550:
5439:Andrew Jackson, Symbol for an Age
5337:Uses quantitative electoral data.
5281:Uses quantitative electoral data.
5251:(Nova Science Publisher's, 2012).
5123:Influential state-by-state study.
5029:Kohl, Lawrence Frederick (1989).
4854:American Political Science Review
4790:Uses quantitative electoral data.
4766:Uses quantitative electoral data.
4694:Uses quantitative electoral data.
4415:Journal of The Historical Society
4273:. Cengage Learning. p. 327.
4246:. Cengage Learning. p. 348.
3831:from the original on May 20, 2022
3075:Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
8569:
8560:
8559:
8524:
8523:
7081:Assassination of John F. Kennedy
6874:Nadir of American race relations
6753:Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
6223:
6222:
5828:
5821:
4930:58#4 (December 1943): 581–94.
4919:The American Political Tradition
4622:10.1111/j.1478-0542.2011.00763.x
4383:The Presidency of Andrew Jackson
3650:Eugenio F. Biagini, ed. (2004).
3552:Robert Walter Johannsen (1973).
3493:assassination of Abraham Lincoln
3318:Among the leading followers was
3248:Founding of the Democratic Party
3117:Second Bank of the United States
3087:Second Bank of the United States
2933:
2300:
2294:
2013:
1913:became factionalized around the
1815:
1806:
1805:
1767:
1766:
397:
362:
349:
8646:Liberalism in the United States
6783:First transcontinental railroad
5924:1830 State of the Union Address
5919:1829 State of the Union Address
5398:Van Deusen, Glyndon G. (1963).
4447:. Miller Center. Archived from
4437:
4424:
4407:
4388:
4375:
4348:
4311:
4287:
4260:
4233:
4220:
4177:
4164:
4151:
4138:
4126:
4113:
4074:
4062:
4049:
4036:
4005:
3992:
3968:
3955:
3932:
3919:
3906:
3893:
3880:
3868:
3856:
3843:
3812:
2917:Latin America and the Caribbean
2221:Reaction to anti-slavery tracts
8626:Eponymous political ideologies
5887:Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek
5677:President of the United States
5595:The works of Daniel Webster...
5388:Taylor, George Rogers (1949).
5117:McCormick, Richard P. (1966).
5096:McCormick, Richard L. (1986).
4445:"James K. Polk: Life in Brief"
3773:
3752:
3722:
3689:
3643:
3609:The cycles of American history
3600:
3382:. This led to the rise of the
13:
1:
8611:American political philosophy
5904:Banking in the Jacksonian Era
5400:The Jacksonian Era: 1828-1848
5222:Important scholarly articles.
5052:Journal of the Early Republic
4770:Formisano, Ronald P. (1983).
4746:Formisano, Ronald P. (1971).
3940:American Journal of Sociology
3530:
3520:Populism in the United States
3269:the main opposition. The new
3193:conducted the nation's first
3187:presidential election of 1832
3073:who strongly believed in the
3017:universal white male suffrage
2729:Democracy and economic growth
2001:
345:
201:Universal white male suffrage
8671:Slavery in the United States
7951:Hispanic and Latino American
6805:Second Industrial Revolution
6639:Nat Turner's slave rebellion
6345:Exploration of North America
6271:History of the United States
6064:Bloody Bloody Andrew Jackson
5261:Influential reinterpretation
4944:Hofstadter, Richard (1969).
4917:Hofstadter, Richard (1948).
4000:History of Political Economy
3849:Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr.,
3607:Schlesinger, Arthur (1986).
3479:with Jackson's endorsement.
3140:Election by the "common man"
3004:Historian and social critic
2922:Middle East and North Africa
2789:Peaceful transition of power
1976:, justifying it in terms of
1265:Hispanic and Latino American
93:; 170 years ago
75:; 195 years ago
7:
8676:Racism in the United States
7475:Indictments of Donald Trump
6666:First Industrial Revolution
6500:Declaration of Independence
6490:Second Continental Congress
5852:Tenure of Office Act (1820)
5455:Reviews in American History
5437:Ward, John William (1962).
5331:Sharp, James Roger (1970).
5002:Journal of American History
4928:Political Science Quarterly
4796:Journal of American History
4573:Bugg, James L. Jr. (1952).
4498:Journal of American History
4355:Michael Paul Rogin (1991).
4321:Journal of American History
3976:Political Science Quarterly
3498:
3475:, a Jacksonian who won the
3215:Democratic-Republican Party
3200:
2819:Proportional representation
1989:voting rights in the nation
1911:Democratic-Republican Party
110:Democratic-Republican Party
10:
8737:
8716:1850s in American politics
8711:1840s in American politics
8706:1830s in American politics
8701:1820s in American politics
8072:
7834:
7496:
7367:Killing of Osama bin Laden
6455:First Continental Congress
6300:
5959:Ordinance of Nullification
5768:Battle of Pensacola (1814)
5410:American Historical Review
5404:Standard scholarly survey.
5379:Syrett, Harold C. (1953).
5363:American Political Thought
5296:Pulitzer Prize for History
5239:Remini, Robert V. (1959).
5231:The Life of Andrew Jackson
5165:American Historical Review
4601:Cheathem, Mark R. (2011).
4595:; 258pp; bibliog pp 240–58
4012:Melvin I. Urofsky (2000).
3819:Remini, Robert V. (1999).
3703:. History. April 4, 2012.
3658:Cambridge University Press
3401:in 1830. A part of Clay's
3339:
3180:1840 presidential election
1915:1824 presidential election
8545:
8511:
8455:
8419:
8407:
8146:
8120:
8082:
8078:
8067:
7840:
7829:
7502:
7491:
7357:
7260:
7188:
7089:
7000:
6951:Wall Street Crash of 1929
6882:
6763:
6748:Emancipation Proclamation
6679:
6602:
6550:
6517:Articles of Confederation
6470:
6355:Native American epidemics
6335:
6310:
6306:
6295:
6277:
6201:
6165:
6106:
5992:
5837:
5819:
5715:
5668:
5492:Wilson, Major L. (1974).
5286:Schlesinger, Arthur M. Jr
5255:Sellers, Charles (1991).
4972:Holt, Michael F. (1992).
4953:Holt, Michael F. (1999).
4474:Adams, Sean Patrick, ed.
3768:Oxford English Dictionary
3006:Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.
2052:Revolutionary War service
1956:branch at the expense of
1931:National Republican Party
358:
348:
340:
306:
280:
268:
263:
258:
236:Politics of United States
231:
216:
139:
129:
115:
105:
87:
69:
43:
34:
8437:Northern Mariana Islands
7010:Strike wave of 1945–1946
5758:Battle of Horseshoe Bend
5353:Silbey, Joel H. (1973).
4674:Cole, Donald B. (1970).
4651:Cole, Donald B. (1984).
4583:Cave, Alfred A. (1964).
4144:William Preston Vaughn,
3903:(Greenwood Press, 2003).
3792:Warren, Mark E. (1999).
3232:supported him. In 1828,
2874:Wars between democracies
2854:Territorial peace theory
2699:Democratic confederalism
2206:Payment of national debt
2022:This article is part of
768:
746:
724:
713:
691:
680:
658:
647:
636:
625:
603:
592:
581:
559:
537:
526:
504:
493:
471:
460:
335:Prelude to the Civil War
120:Jeffersonian Republicans
8681:Radicalism (historical)
7972:Middle Eastern American
7789:Technology and industry
6659:Seneca Falls Convention
6460:Continental Association
6360:Settlement of Jamestown
6178:Jackson as slave trader
6120:Andrew Jackson Donelson
4705:: 14–16. Archived from
2859:Tyranny of the majority
2794:Political demonstration
2704:Democratic peace theory
2679:Deliberative referendum
1921:. His political rivals
1286:Middle Eastern American
1108:Technology and industry
8092:Admission to the Union
7458:Afghanistan withdrawal
7453:January 6 insurrection
7372:Rise in mass shootings
7344:Virginia Tech shooting
6897:Paris Peace Conference
6671:Second Great Awakening
6410:American Enlightenment
5763:Treaty of Fort Jackson
5723:Battle of Hanging Rock
5687:(1797–1798, 1823–1825)
5685:Senator from Tennessee
5609:War with Mexico: links
5482:Wilentz, Sean (2005).
5192:Myers, Marvin (1957).
4889:Hammond, Bray (1956).
4733:Cite journal requires
4550:. New York: Atheneum.
4157:Richard P. McCormick,
3978:58.4 (1943): 581-594.
3942:26.6 (1921): 705-715.
3731:"Jacksonian Democracy"
3697:"Jacksonian Democracy"
3515:Jeffersonian democracy
3465:William Henry Harrison
3361:
3337:
3304:
3295:
3262:
3081:extremist—indeed, the
3067:Strict constructionism
3033:farmers. However, the
3002:
2684:Democratic backsliding
2674:Criticism of democracy
2216:Assassination attempts
2165:Nat Turner's rebellion
1893:, lasted roughly from
1398:Admission to the Union
323:Second Great Awakening
293:William Henry Harrison
197:Strict constructionism
8084:Territorial evolution
7448:George Floyd Protests
7431:Unite the Right rally
7300:Oklahoma City bombing
7295:Republican Revolution
7242:Space Shuttle program
7064:Civil Rights Movement
7032:North Atlantic Treaty
6840:Sherman Antitrust Act
6825:Chinese Exclusion Act
6415:French and Indian War
6405:Prelude to Revolution
6390:First Great Awakening
6350:European colonization
6126:Daniel Smith Donelson
6057:The Remarkable Andrew
6008:(U.S. Capitol statue)
5773:Battle of New Orleans
5514:Blau, Joseph L., ed.
5365:4#3 (2015): 359–390.
4990:Howe, Daniel Walker.
4895:. American Heritage.
4647:(2nd ed. 2016), 544pp
4295:Charleston Law Review
4002:18.2 (1986): 307-324.
3640:37.2 (2015): 277-289.
3452:Jacksonian Presidents
3347:
3332:
3299:
3290:
3260:
3113:Opposition to banking
3037:Jacksonians, notably
2994:
2739:Electoral competition
2719:Democratic transition
2694:Democratic centralism
2689:Democratic capitalism
2241:Judicial appointments
2078:Battle of New Orleans
1389:Territorial evolution
682:Post-World War II Era
8621:Classical liberalism
8596:Jacksonian democracy
7998:Palestinian American
7425:Obergefell v. Hodges
7317:September 11 attacks
7153:Second-wave feminism
7074:Cuban Missile Crisis
6934:Bath School disaster
6852:Spanish–American War
6815:The Gospel of Wealth
6694:California Gold Rush
6654:Mexican–American War
6644:Nullification crisis
6612:Era of Good Feelings
6512:Confederation period
6420:Proclamation of 1763
6370:Atlantic slave trade
6027:The President's Lady
5949:Nullification crisis
5813:Jacksonian democracy
4712:on November 11, 2020
4546:Benson, Lee (1961).
4527:Baker, Jean (1983).
4020:Taylor & Francis
3821:"The Jacksonian Era"
3611:. Houghton Mifflin.
3597:25 (2012) pp. 67-78.
3253:Jacksonian democracy
3238:National Republicans
3083:nullification crisis
3059:– Also known as the
2714:Democratic socialism
2252:Later life and death
2231:Exploring expedition
2175:Nullification crisis
2133:Jacksonian democracy
1891:political scientists
1864:political philosophy
1860:Jacksonian democracy
1312:Palestinian American
528:Era of Good Feelings
473:Confederation period
410:Timeline and periods
355:Era of Good Feelings
331:Mexican–American War
319:Nullification crisis
217:National affiliation
163:Classical liberalism
37:Jacksonian Democrats
8686:Second Party System
8447:U.S. Virgin Islands
7933:Lithuanian American
7889:Vietnamese American
7235:End of the Cold War
7225:Invasion of Grenada
7175:Iran hostage crisis
6924:Tulsa race massacre
6731:Election of Lincoln
6726:Dred Scott decision
6714:Kansas–Nebraska Act
6617:Missouri Compromise
6535:Northwest Ordinance
6525:Pennsylvania Mutiny
6520:and Perpetual Union
6480:American Revolution
6395:War of Jenkins' Ear
6207:← John Quincy Adams
6173:Jackson and slavery
6146:(acting First Lady)
6144:Sarah Yorke Jackson
6140:(acting First Lady)
5939:Maysville Road veto
5748:Battle of Talladega
5701:U.S. Representative
5597:6 vol, 1853 edition
5531:Eaton, Clement ed.
5247:Rowland, Thomas J.
4188:Lee Benson (2015).
3890:(2nd ed. 2009) p 29
3886:Alexander Keyssar,
3795:Democracy and Trust
3434:Dred Scott decision
3426:Kansas–Nebraska Act
3399:Maysville Road veto
2940:Politics portal
2734:Democracy promotion
2709:Democratic republic
2283:Second Party System
1968:to reflect the new
1966:state constitutions
1903:Kansas–Nebraska Act
1899:practice of slavery
1883:Second Party System
1862:was a 19th-century
1247:Lithuanian American
1198:Vietnamese American
462:American Revolution
8691:Types of democracy
8656:Political theories
8097:Historical regions
8053:Transgender people
7611:Capital punishment
7470:Support of Ukraine
7419:Black Lives Matter
7327:War in Afghanistan
7252:Invasion of Panama
7208:Iran–Contra affair
7069:Early–mid Cold War
6939:Harlem Renaissance
6798:Compromise of 1877
6773:Reconstruction era
6709:Fugitive Slave Act
6704:Compromise of 1850
6649:Westward expansion
6587:Louisiana Purchase
6430:Stamp Act Congress
6375:King William's War
6214:Martin Van Buren →
6050:The Gorgeous Hussy
5877:Indian Removal Act
5705:Tennessee at-large
5614:2015-08-01 at the
5562:2015-08-01 at the
5542:2009-06-04 at the
5525:2009-06-04 at the
5449:(Routledge, 2014).
5372:2016-10-06 at the
5290:The Age of Jackson
5136:American Quarterly
5089:2016-08-19 at the
4937:2018-08-20 at the
4825:American Quarterly
4485:2016-10-06 at the
4430:Mark R. Cheathem,
4304:2015-02-10 at the
3985:2018-08-20 at the
3949:2018-08-20 at the
3925:Forrest McDonald,
3851:The Age of Jackson
3555:Stephen A. Douglas
3389:Jackson created a
3362:
3358:Major Jack Downing
3324:Compromise of 1850
3320:Stephen A. Douglas
3263:
3211:First Party System
3191:Anti-Masonic Party
2977:General principles
2879:Waves of democracy
2839:Right to candidacy
2809:Popular referendum
2799:Political equality
2669:Citizens' assembly
2083:First Seminole War
1907:American Civil War
1367:Transgender people
930:Capital punishment
583:Reconstruction Era
327:Westward expansion
64:Stephen A. Douglas
60:Thomas Hart Benton
44:Historical leaders
8606:Agrarian politics
8583:
8582:
8541:
8540:
8537:
8536:
8102:American frontier
8063:
8062:
7993:Lebanese American
7978:Egyptian American
7913:Estonian American
7903:Albanian American
7897:European American
7874:Japanese American
7864:Filipino American
7825:
7824:
7487:
7486:
7483:
7482:
7436:COVID-19 pandemic
7339:Hurricane Katrina
7280:Los Angeles riots
7170:Watergate scandal
7015:Start of Cold War
6983:Manhattan Project
6570:Whiskey Rebellion
6400:King George's War
6365:Thirteen Colonies
6326:Pre-Columbian Era
6237:
6236:
6097:President Jackson
5445:Wellman, Judith.
5227:Remini, Robert V.
5109:978-0-19-503860-6
5042:978-0-19-505374-6
4983:978-0-8071-1728-6
4964:978-0-19-505544-3
4785:978-0-19-503124-9
4761:978-0-691-04605-1
4689:978-0-674-46990-7
4666:978-0-691-04715-7
4557:978-0-691-00572-0
4538:978-0-585-12533-6
4480:table of contents
4368:978-1-4128-2347-0
4280:978-0-618-94716-4
4253:978-1-285-97467-5
4201:978-1-4008-6726-4
4170:Michael F. Holt,
4094:978-0-495-90499-1
4029:978-0-203-00880-5
3805:978-0-521-64687-1
3667:978-0-521-54886-1
3618:978-0-395-37887-8
3565:978-0-252-06635-1
3286:John Quincy Adams
3234:John Quincy Adams
3109:in New York City.
3013:Expanded suffrage
2974:
2973:
2829:Right to petition
2337:
2336:
2039:
2038:
1948:of government by
1923:John Quincy Adams
1857:
1856:
1779:
1778:
1408:American frontier
1307:Lebanese American
1292:Egyptian American
1222:Estonian American
1212:Albanian American
1206:European American
1183:Japanese American
1173:Filipino American
797:
796:
770:Post-Cold War Era
427:Pre-Columbian Era
389:
374:
373:
370:
369:
254:
253:
241:Political parties
16:(Redirected from
8728:
8666:Antebellum South
8573:
8563:
8562:
8527:
8526:
8456:Outlying islands
8413:Washington, D.C.
8408:Federal District
8107:Manifest destiny
8080:
8079:
8069:
8068:
8011:Native Americans
7983:Iranian American
7957:Mexican American
7943:Serbian American
7928:Italian American
7918:Finnish American
7908:English American
7859:Chinese American
7846:African American
7831:
7830:
7636:Direct democracy
7626:The Constitution
7585:Higher education
7508:American Century
7493:
7492:
6946:Great Depression
6919:Women's suffrage
6909:Roaring Twenties
6835:Haymarket affair
6793:Enforcement Acts
6582:Jeffersonian era
6530:Shays' Rebellion
6450:Intolerable Acts
6445:Boston Tea Party
6380:Queen Anne's War
6308:
6307:
6297:
6296:
6264:
6257:
6250:
6241:
6240:
6226:
6225:
6021:Black Jack stamp
5862:Petticoat affair
5832:
5825:
5808:Coffin Handbills
5708:
5696:
5688:
5680:
5655:
5648:
5641:
5632:
5631:
5497:
5487:
5478:
5442:
5433:
5403:
5393:
5384:
5358:
5349:
5336:
5327:
5293:
5280:
5260:
5244:
5234:
5221:
5209:
5197:
5188:
5159:
5122:
5113:
5075:
5046:
5025:
4987:
4968:
4949:
4922:
4908:
4906:
4904:
4885:
4848:
4819:
4789:
4777:
4765:
4753:
4742:
4736:
4731:
4729:
4721:
4719:
4717:
4711:
4704:
4693:
4681:
4670:
4658:
4640:
4638:
4636:
4630:
4607:
4588:
4578:
4569:
4542:
4523:
4513:
4461:
4460:
4458:
4456:
4451:on June 13, 2016
4441:
4435:
4428:
4422:
4411:
4405:
4404:
4392:
4386:
4381:Donald B. Cole,
4379:
4373:
4372:
4352:
4346:
4345:
4315:
4309:
4291:
4285:
4284:
4264:
4258:
4257:
4237:
4231:
4224:
4218:
4217:
4215:
4213:
4181:
4175:
4168:
4162:
4155:
4149:
4142:
4136:
4135:, p. 35. Table 1
4130:
4124:
4123:(1983) pp 77-111
4117:
4111:
4110:
4108:
4106:
4078:
4072:
4066:
4060:
4053:
4047:
4040:
4034:
4033:
4009:
4003:
3996:
3990:
3972:
3966:
3959:
3953:
3936:
3930:
3929:(2002) pp 97-120
3923:
3917:
3912:M. Ostrogorski,
3910:
3904:
3901:Manifest Destiny
3897:
3891:
3884:
3878:
3872:
3866:
3860:
3854:
3847:
3841:
3840:
3838:
3836:
3816:
3810:
3809:
3789:
3783:
3777:
3771:
3756:
3750:
3749:
3743:
3741:
3726:
3720:
3719:
3714:
3712:
3693:
3687:
3686:
3681:
3679:
3647:
3641:
3634:
3623:
3622:
3604:
3598:
3591:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3577:
3549:
3477:election of 1844
3458:Martin Van Buren
3372:American Indians
3282:Martin Van Buren
3271:Democratic Party
3207:Federalist Party
3039:Martin Van Buren
3023:Manifest destiny
2983:Robert V. Remini
2966:
2959:
2952:
2938:
2937:
2834:Right to protest
2784:Nomination rules
2339:
2338:
2329:
2322:
2315:
2304:
2303:
2298:
2273:Manifest destiny
2226:Texas Revolution
2196:2nd inauguration
2143:Petticoat affair
2128:1st inauguration
2035:
2034:
2032:
2025:
2017:
2010:
2009:
2006:
2005:
1987:men, as well as
1978:manifest destiny
1919:Democratic Party
1849:
1842:
1835:
1819:
1809:
1808:
1770:
1769:
1413:Manifest destiny
1403:Historic regions
1385:
1384:
1325:Native Americans
1297:Iranian American
1271:Mexican American
1257:Serbian American
1242:Italian American
1227:Finnish American
1217:English American
1168:Chinese American
1155:African American
955:Direct democracy
945:The Constitution
904:Higher education
813:American Century
715:Civil Rights Era
693:Civil Rights Era
649:Great Depression
638:Roaring Twenties
506:Jeffersonian Era
416:
415:
411:
401:
387:
376:
375:
366:
353:
346:
289:Martin Van Buren
273:
256:
255:
221:Democratic Party
181:Manifest destiny
159:Civic engagement
134:Democratic Party
130:Merged into
116:Preceded by
101:
99:
94:
83:
81:
76:
52:Martin Van Buren
32:
31:
21:
18:Jacksonian Party
8736:
8735:
8731:
8730:
8729:
8727:
8726:
8725:
8721:Democratization
8586:
8585:
8584:
8579:
8533:
8507:
8451:
8415:
8403:
8142:
8116:
8074:
8059:
7965:Jewish American
7938:Polish American
7879:Korean American
7869:Indian American
7836:
7821:
7676:Merchant Marine
7646:Law enforcement
7498:
7479:
7353:
7349:Great Recession
7256:
7230:Reagan Doctrine
7184:
7163:Stonewall riots
7085:
7059:Project Mercury
7020:Truman Doctrine
6996:
6904:First Red Scare
6878:
6847:Progressive Era
6759:
6719:Bleeding Kansas
6675:
6622:Monroe Doctrine
6598:
6546:
6505:Treaty of Paris
6466:
6440:Boston Massacre
6435:Sons of Liberty
6331:
6302:
6291:
6273:
6268:
6238:
6233:
6197:
6161:
6132:Lyncoya Jackson
6102:
6071:Man of Conquest
5988:
5914:Specie Circular
5867:Kitchen Cabinet
5833:
5827:
5826:
5817:
5793:Corrupt bargain
5711:
5699:
5691:
5683:
5672:
5664:
5659:
5616:Wayback Machine
5584:Daniel Webster
5564:Wayback Machine
5553:
5548:
5544:Wayback Machine
5527:Wayback Machine
5506:Primary sources
5467:10.2307/2701818
5422:10.2307/1853673
5374:Wayback Machine
5342:Silbey, Joel H.
5316:10.2307/1886599
5177:10.2307/1859236
5148:10.2307/2712484
5110:
5091:Wayback Machine
5064:10.2307/3123876
5043:
5014:10.2307/2078260
4984:
4965:
4939:Wayback Machine
4902:
4900:
4866:10.2307/1959497
4837:10.2307/2711603
4808:10.2307/2567408
4786:
4762:
4734:
4732:
4723:
4722:
4715:
4713:
4709:
4702:
4690:
4667:
4634:
4632:
4628:
4610:History Compass
4605:
4558:
4539:
4511:10.2307/2953083
4487:Wayback Machine
4465:
4464:
4454:
4452:
4443:
4442:
4438:
4429:
4425:
4412:
4408:
4393:
4389:
4380:
4376:
4369:
4353:
4349:
4334:10.2307/1904204
4316:
4312:
4306:Wayback Machine
4297:2 (2007): 521+
4292:
4288:
4281:
4265:
4261:
4254:
4238:
4234:
4225:
4221:
4211:
4209:
4202:
4182:
4178:
4169:
4165:
4156:
4152:
4143:
4139:
4131:
4127:
4118:
4114:
4104:
4102:
4095:
4079:
4075:
4067:
4063:
4054:
4050:
4041:
4037:
4030:
4022:. p. 106.
4010:
4006:
3997:
3993:
3987:Wayback Machine
3973:
3969:
3960:
3956:
3951:Wayback Machine
3937:
3933:
3924:
3920:
3911:
3907:
3898:
3894:
3885:
3881:
3873:
3869:
3861:
3857:
3848:
3844:
3834:
3832:
3817:
3813:
3806:
3790:
3786:
3778:
3774:
3762:(Rhode Island)
3757:
3753:
3739:
3737:
3727:
3723:
3710:
3708:
3695:
3694:
3690:
3677:
3675:
3668:
3660:. p. 108.
3648:
3644:
3635:
3626:
3619:
3605:
3601:
3592:
3585:
3575:
3573:
3566:
3550:
3543:
3533:
3501:
3481:Franklin Pierce
3454:
3422:Free Soil Party
3403:American System
3380:John C. Calhoun
3354:Nicholas Biddle
3342:
3275:Irish Catholics
3255:
3250:
3203:
3142:
3129:Nicholas Biddle
3103:William Leggett
2979:
2970:
2932:
2927:
2926:
2892:
2884:
2883:
2764:Majoritarianism
2724:Democratization
2659:
2651:
2650:
2385:
2375:
2344:Politics series
2333:
2301:
2299:
2292:
2259:
2256:
2248:
2247:Post-presidency
2245:
2211:Specie Circular
2187:
2184:
2180:Foreign affairs
2112:
2109:
2108:
2103:
2100:
2096:Corrupt bargain
2087:
2069:
2068:Military career
2066:
2030:
2028:
2027:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2004:
1853:
1781:
1780:
1382:
1374:
1373:
1279:Jewish American
1252:Polish American
1232:German American
1188:Korean American
1178:Indian American
1149:
1141:
1140:
995:Merchant Marine
965:Law enforcement
833:Racial violence
807:
799:
798:
605:Progressive Era
413:
409:
390:
388:History of the
344:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
299:
295:
291:
287:
276:
250:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
169:
167:Jeffersonianism
165:
161:
157:
153:
151:Anti-corruption
148:
124:Old Republicans
122:
106:Split from
97:
95:
92:
79:
77:
74:
62:
58:
54:
50:
39:
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8734:
8724:
8723:
8718:
8713:
8708:
8703:
8698:
8693:
8688:
8683:
8678:
8673:
8668:
8663:
8658:
8653:
8648:
8643:
8638:
8633:
8628:
8623:
8618:
8616:Andrew Jackson
8613:
8608:
8603:
8598:
8581:
8580:
8578:
8577:
8567:
8557:
8555:Historiography
8552:
8546:
8543:
8542:
8539:
8538:
8535:
8534:
8532:
8531:
8521:
8515:
8513:
8509:
8508:
8506:
8505:
8500:
8495:
8493:Navassa Island
8490:
8485:
8480:
8478:Johnston Atoll
8475:
8470:
8468:Howland Island
8465:
8459:
8457:
8453:
8452:
8450:
8449:
8444:
8439:
8434:
8429:
8427:American Samoa
8423:
8421:
8417:
8416:
8411:
8409:
8405:
8404:
8402:
8401:
8396:
8391:
8386:
8381:
8376:
8371:
8366:
8361:
8356:
8351:
8349:South Carolina
8346:
8341:
8336:
8331:
8326:
8321:
8316:
8314:North Carolina
8311:
8306:
8301:
8296:
8291:
8286:
8281:
8276:
8271:
8266:
8261:
8256:
8251:
8246:
8241:
8236:
8231:
8226:
8221:
8216:
8211:
8206:
8201:
8196:
8191:
8186:
8181:
8176:
8171:
8166:
8161:
8156:
8150:
8148:
8144:
8143:
8141:
8140:
8138:The West Coast
8135:
8130:
8124:
8122:
8118:
8117:
8115:
8114:
8112:Indian removal
8109:
8104:
8099:
8094:
8088:
8086:
8076:
8075:
8065:
8064:
8061:
8060:
8058:
8057:
8056:
8055:
8050:
8045:
8033:
8026:
8025:
8024:
8019:
8007:
8006:
8005:
8003:Saudi American
8000:
7995:
7990:
7988:Iraqi American
7985:
7980:
7968:
7961:
7960:
7959:
7947:
7946:
7945:
7940:
7935:
7930:
7925:
7923:Irish American
7920:
7915:
7910:
7905:
7893:
7892:
7891:
7886:
7881:
7876:
7871:
7866:
7861:
7853:Asian American
7849:
7841:
7838:
7837:
7827:
7826:
7823:
7822:
7820:
7819:
7818:
7817:
7812:
7807:
7802:
7797:
7785:
7784:
7783:
7781:Sexual slavery
7771:
7764:
7757:
7756:
7755:
7750:
7745:
7740:
7735:
7730:
7718:
7717:
7716:
7711:
7706:
7701:
7696:
7691:
7679:
7672:
7665:
7664:
7663:
7658:
7653:
7651:Postal service
7648:
7643:
7641:Foreign policy
7638:
7633:
7628:
7623:
7618:
7613:
7608:
7596:
7589:
7588:
7587:
7575:
7574:
7573:
7561:
7560:
7559:
7547:
7546:
7545:
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7530:
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7511:
7503:
7500:
7499:
7489:
7488:
7485:
7484:
7481:
7480:
7478:
7477:
7472:
7467:
7460:
7455:
7450:
7445:
7444:
7443:
7433:
7428:
7421:
7416:
7415:
7414:
7409:
7404:
7399:
7394:
7389:
7384:
7379:
7369:
7363:
7361:
7355:
7354:
7352:
7351:
7346:
7341:
7336:
7335:
7334:
7329:
7319:
7314:
7307:
7302:
7297:
7292:
7287:
7282:
7277:
7272:
7266:
7264:
7258:
7257:
7255:
7254:
7249:
7244:
7239:
7238:
7237:
7232:
7227:
7217:
7215:Crack epidemic
7212:
7211:
7210:
7205:
7194:
7192:
7186:
7185:
7183:
7182:
7180:Moral Majority
7177:
7172:
7167:
7166:
7165:
7158:Gay liberation
7155:
7150:
7148:Counterculture
7145:
7140:
7139:
7138:
7136:Fall of Saigon
7133:
7128:
7118:
7117:
7116:
7114:Apollo program
7111:
7109:Project Gemini
7101:
7095:
7093:
7087:
7086:
7084:
7083:
7078:
7077:
7076:
7066:
7061:
7056:
7051:
7050:
7049:
7044:
7039:
7034:
7027:Early Cold War
7024:
7023:
7022:
7012:
7006:
7004:
6998:
6997:
6995:
6994:
6993:
6992:
6991:
6990:
6980:
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6888:
6886:
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6864:
6859:
6854:
6844:
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6827:
6822:
6817:
6807:
6802:
6801:
6800:
6795:
6790:
6785:
6780:
6769:
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6761:
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6758:
6757:
6756:
6755:
6750:
6740:
6739:
6738:
6733:
6728:
6723:
6722:
6721:
6711:
6706:
6699:Prelude to War
6696:
6691:
6689:Antebellum Era
6685:
6683:
6677:
6676:
6674:
6673:
6668:
6663:
6662:
6661:
6656:
6651:
6646:
6641:
6636:
6634:Trail of Tears
6629:Jacksonian era
6626:
6625:
6624:
6619:
6608:
6606:
6600:
6599:
6597:
6596:
6595:
6594:
6589:
6579:
6578:
6577:
6572:
6565:Federalist Era
6562:
6560:Bill of Rights
6556:
6554:
6548:
6547:
6545:
6544:
6543:
6542:
6537:
6532:
6527:
6522:
6509:
6508:
6507:
6502:
6497:
6495:Lee Resolution
6492:
6487:
6476:
6474:
6468:
6467:
6465:
6464:
6463:
6462:
6457:
6452:
6447:
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6437:
6432:
6427:
6422:
6417:
6412:
6402:
6397:
6392:
6387:
6382:
6377:
6372:
6367:
6362:
6357:
6352:
6347:
6341:
6339:
6333:
6332:
6330:
6329:
6322:
6314:
6312:
6304:
6303:
6293:
6292:
6290:
6289:
6284:
6278:
6275:
6274:
6267:
6266:
6259:
6252:
6244:
6235:
6234:
6232:
6231:
6218:
6217:
6210:
6202:
6199:
6198:
6196:
6195:
6193:Hannah Jackson
6190:
6188:Alfred Jackson
6185:
6180:
6175:
6169:
6167:
6163:
6162:
6160:
6159:
6153:
6150:John Hutchings
6147:
6141:
6138:Emily Donelson
6135:
6129:
6123:
6117:
6114:Rachel Jackson
6110:
6108:
6104:
6103:
6101:
6100:
6092:
6088:Andrew Jackson
6083:
6074:
6067:
6060:
6053:
6046:
6038:
6030:
6023:
6018:
6014:Andrew Jackson
6010:
6006:Andrew Jackson
6002:
5996:
5994:
5990:
5989:
5987:
5986:
5981:
5976:
5971:
5969:Tariff of 1833
5966:
5961:
5956:
5954:Tariff of 1832
5951:
5946:
5941:
5936:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5916:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5900:
5899:
5897:Senate censure
5889:
5884:
5882:Trail of Tears
5879:
5874:
5872:Indian removal
5869:
5864:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5843:
5841:
5835:
5834:
5820:
5818:
5816:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5795:
5790:
5785:
5780:
5775:
5770:
5765:
5760:
5755:
5750:
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5740:
5735:
5730:
5725:
5719:
5717:
5713:
5712:
5710:
5709:
5697:
5689:
5681:
5669:
5666:
5665:
5662:Andrew Jackson
5658:
5657:
5650:
5643:
5635:
5629:
5628:
5623:
5618:
5606:
5601:
5600:
5599:
5591:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5552:
5551:External links
5549:
5547:
5546:
5537:online edition
5529:
5520:online edition
5511:
5510:
5509:
5508:
5500:
5499:
5489:
5479:
5450:
5443:
5434:
5405:
5395:
5385:
5376:
5359:
5350:
5338:
5328:
5299:
5294:Winner of the
5282:
5272:
5262:
5252:
5245:
5236:
5223:
5214:Pessen, Edward
5210:
5202:Pessen, Edward
5198:
5189:
5160:
5131:
5124:
5114:
5108:
5093:
5076:
5047:
5041:
5026:
4997:
4988:
4982:
4969:
4963:
4950:
4941:
4924:
4923:Chapter on AJ.
4914:
4886:
4849:
4820:
4791:
4784:
4767:
4760:
4743:
4735:|journal=
4695:
4688:
4671:
4665:
4648:
4641:
4616:(4): 326–338.
4598:
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4596:
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4570:
4556:
4543:
4537:
4524:
4489:
4471:
4463:
4462:
4436:
4423:
4406:
4387:
4374:
4367:
4347:
4328:(3): 527–539.
4310:
4286:
4279:
4259:
4252:
4232:
4226:Sean Wilentz,
4219:
4200:
4176:
4163:
4150:
4137:
4125:
4112:
4093:
4073:
4061:
4048:
4042:Bray Hammond,
4035:
4028:
4004:
3991:
3967:
3954:
3931:
3918:
3905:
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3879:
3867:
3855:
3842:
3811:
3804:
3784:
3772:
3751:
3735:Britannica.com
3721:
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3564:
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3539:
3532:
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3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3500:
3497:
3489:Andrew Johnson
3485:James Buchanan
3453:
3450:
3438:Andrew Johnson
3430:Roger B. Taney
3418:Wilmot Proviso
3341:
3338:
3313:Trail of Tears
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3230:James Buchanan
3226:Daniel Webster
3202:
3199:
3171:Dorr Rebellion
3155:North Carolina
3141:
3138:
3137:
3136:
3125:Daniel Webster
3110:
3101:advocates was
3090:
3079:states' rights
3064:
3054:
3043:poor white man
3020:
2987:majority rules
2978:
2975:
2972:
2971:
2969:
2968:
2961:
2954:
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2943:
2942:
2929:
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2904:
2899:
2893:
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2881:
2876:
2871:
2869:War referendum
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2759:Libertarianism
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2660:
2658:Related topics
2657:
2656:
2653:
2652:
2649:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2592:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2561:
2559:Representative
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
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2462:
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2397:
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2246:
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2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2201:Senate censure
2198:
2193:
2185:
2183:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2161:
2160:
2158:Trail of Tears
2153:Indian Removal
2150:
2148:Maysville veto
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2110:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2098:
2093:
2086:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2067:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2041:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2031:Andrew Jackson
2024:a series about
2020:
2018:
2003:
2000:
1876:Andrew Jackson
1872:U.S. president
1855:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1844:
1837:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1824:
1823:
1813:
1802:
1801:
1799:Historiography
1796:
1791:
1783:
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1777:
1776:
1775:
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1482:
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1472:
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1462:
1454:
1453:
1449:
1448:
1447:
1446:
1444:The West Coast
1441:
1436:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1420:
1418:Indian removal
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1392:
1391:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1376:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1370:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1347:
1340:
1339:
1338:
1333:
1321:
1320:
1319:
1317:Saudi American
1314:
1309:
1304:
1302:Iraqi American
1299:
1294:
1282:
1275:
1274:
1273:
1261:
1260:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1237:Irish American
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1162:Asian American
1158:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1137:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1104:
1103:
1102:
1100:Sexual slavery
1090:
1083:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
998:
991:
984:
983:
982:
977:
972:
970:Postal service
967:
962:
960:Foreign policy
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
915:
908:
907:
906:
894:
893:
892:
880:
879:
878:
866:
865:
864:
859:
854:
849:
837:
836:
835:
823:
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808:
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804:
801:
800:
795:
794:
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732:
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588:
585:
578:
577:
575:
567:
566:
563:
556:
555:
553:
545:
544:
541:
539:Jacksonian Era
534:
533:
530:
523:
522:
520:
512:
511:
508:
501:
500:
497:
495:Federalist Era
490:
489:
487:
479:
478:
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468:
467:
464:
457:
456:
454:
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445:
442:
434:
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407:
406:
403:
402:
394:
393:
383:
382:
372:
371:
368:
367:
357:
338:
337:
315:Indian removal
311:Trail of Tears
308:
304:
303:
285:Andrew Jackson
282:
278:
277:
275:Andrew Jackson
274:
266:
265:
261:
260:
259:Jacksonian Era
252:
251:
249:
248:
243:
238:
232:
229:
228:
218:
214:
213:
205:Utilitarianism
143:
137:
136:
131:
127:
126:
117:
113:
112:
107:
103:
102:
89:
85:
84:
71:
67:
66:
48:Andrew Jackson
45:
41:
40:
36:
35:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8733:
8722:
8719:
8717:
8714:
8712:
8709:
8707:
8704:
8702:
8699:
8697:
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8593:
8591:
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8572:
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8566:
8558:
8556:
8553:
8551:
8550:List of years
8548:
8547:
8544:
8530:
8522:
8520:
8519:Urban history
8517:
8516:
8514:
8510:
8504:
8501:
8499:
8498:Palmyra Atoll
8496:
8494:
8491:
8489:
8486:
8484:
8481:
8479:
8476:
8474:
8473:Jarvis Island
8471:
8469:
8466:
8464:
8461:
8460:
8458:
8454:
8448:
8445:
8443:
8440:
8438:
8435:
8433:
8430:
8428:
8425:
8424:
8422:
8420:Insular areas
8418:
8414:
8410:
8406:
8400:
8397:
8395:
8392:
8390:
8389:West Virginia
8387:
8385:
8382:
8380:
8377:
8375:
8372:
8370:
8367:
8365:
8362:
8360:
8357:
8355:
8352:
8350:
8347:
8345:
8342:
8340:
8337:
8335:
8332:
8330:
8327:
8325:
8322:
8320:
8317:
8315:
8312:
8310:
8307:
8305:
8302:
8300:
8297:
8295:
8294:New Hampshire
8292:
8290:
8287:
8285:
8282:
8280:
8277:
8275:
8272:
8270:
8267:
8265:
8262:
8260:
8257:
8255:
8254:Massachusetts
8252:
8250:
8247:
8245:
8242:
8240:
8237:
8235:
8232:
8230:
8227:
8225:
8222:
8220:
8217:
8215:
8212:
8210:
8207:
8205:
8202:
8200:
8197:
8195:
8192:
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8187:
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8180:
8177:
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8149:
8145:
8139:
8136:
8134:
8131:
8129:
8126:
8125:
8123:
8119:
8113:
8110:
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8105:
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8100:
8098:
8095:
8093:
8090:
8089:
8087:
8085:
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8077:
8070:
8066:
8054:
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8044:
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8034:
8032:
8031:
8027:
8023:
8020:
8018:
8015:
8014:
8013:
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8008:
8004:
8001:
7999:
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7991:
7989:
7986:
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7962:
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7948:
7944:
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7936:
7934:
7931:
7929:
7926:
7924:
7921:
7919:
7916:
7914:
7911:
7909:
7906:
7904:
7901:
7900:
7899:
7898:
7894:
7890:
7887:
7885:
7884:Thai American
7882:
7880:
7877:
7875:
7872:
7870:
7867:
7865:
7862:
7860:
7857:
7856:
7855:
7854:
7850:
7848:
7847:
7843:
7842:
7839:
7832:
7828:
7816:
7813:
7811:
7808:
7806:
7803:
7801:
7798:
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7786:
7782:
7779:
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7765:
7763:
7762:
7758:
7754:
7751:
7749:
7746:
7744:
7741:
7739:
7736:
7734:
7731:
7729:
7726:
7725:
7724:
7723:
7722:Party Systems
7719:
7715:
7712:
7710:
7707:
7705:
7702:
7700:
7697:
7695:
7692:
7690:
7687:
7686:
7685:
7684:
7680:
7678:
7677:
7673:
7671:
7670:
7666:
7662:
7661:Voting rights
7659:
7657:
7654:
7652:
7649:
7647:
7644:
7642:
7639:
7637:
7634:
7632:
7629:
7627:
7624:
7622:
7619:
7617:
7614:
7612:
7609:
7607:
7604:
7603:
7602:
7601:
7597:
7595:
7594:
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7569:
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7567:
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7558:
7555:
7554:
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7548:
7544:
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7539:
7536:
7534:
7531:
7529:
7526:
7525:
7524:
7523:
7519:
7517:
7516:
7512:
7510:
7509:
7505:
7504:
7501:
7494:
7490:
7476:
7473:
7471:
7468:
7466:
7465:
7461:
7459:
7456:
7454:
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7439:
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7408:
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7380:
7378:
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7370:
7368:
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7364:
7362:
7360:
7356:
7350:
7347:
7345:
7342:
7340:
7337:
7333:
7330:
7328:
7325:
7324:
7323:
7322:War on terror
7320:
7318:
7315:
7313:
7312:
7308:
7306:
7303:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7291:
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7281:
7278:
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7273:
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7268:
7267:
7265:
7263:
7259:
7253:
7250:
7248:
7245:
7243:
7240:
7236:
7233:
7231:
7228:
7226:
7223:
7222:
7221:
7220:Late Cold War
7218:
7216:
7213:
7209:
7206:
7204:
7201:
7200:
7199:
7196:
7195:
7193:
7191:
7187:
7181:
7178:
7176:
7173:
7171:
7168:
7164:
7161:
7160:
7159:
7156:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7146:
7144:
7141:
7137:
7134:
7132:
7129:
7127:
7124:
7123:
7122:
7119:
7115:
7112:
7110:
7107:
7106:
7105:
7102:
7100:
7099:Great Society
7097:
7096:
7094:
7092:
7088:
7082:
7079:
7075:
7072:
7071:
7070:
7067:
7065:
7062:
7060:
7057:
7055:
7054:Post-war boom
7052:
7048:
7045:
7043:
7040:
7038:
7035:
7033:
7030:
7029:
7028:
7025:
7021:
7018:
7017:
7016:
7013:
7011:
7008:
7007:
7005:
7003:
6999:
6989:
6986:
6985:
6984:
6981:
6979:
6976:
6974:
6971:
6970:
6969:
6966:
6962:
6959:
6957:
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6907:
6905:
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6898:
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6893:
6890:
6889:
6887:
6885:
6881:
6875:
6872:
6868:
6865:
6863:
6860:
6858:
6855:
6853:
6850:
6849:
6848:
6845:
6841:
6838:
6836:
6833:
6831:
6828:
6826:
6823:
6821:
6818:
6816:
6813:
6812:
6811:
6808:
6806:
6803:
6799:
6796:
6794:
6791:
6789:
6786:
6784:
6781:
6779:
6776:
6775:
6774:
6771:
6770:
6768:
6766:
6762:
6754:
6751:
6749:
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6744:
6741:
6737:
6734:
6732:
6729:
6727:
6724:
6720:
6717:
6716:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6707:
6705:
6702:
6701:
6700:
6697:
6695:
6692:
6690:
6687:
6686:
6684:
6682:
6678:
6672:
6669:
6667:
6664:
6660:
6657:
6655:
6652:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6631:
6630:
6627:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6614:
6613:
6610:
6609:
6607:
6605:
6601:
6593:
6590:
6588:
6585:
6584:
6583:
6580:
6576:
6573:
6571:
6568:
6567:
6566:
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6561:
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6557:
6555:
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6549:
6541:
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6528:
6526:
6523:
6521:
6518:
6515:
6514:
6513:
6510:
6506:
6503:
6501:
6498:
6496:
6493:
6491:
6488:
6486:
6483:
6482:
6481:
6478:
6477:
6475:
6473:
6469:
6461:
6458:
6456:
6453:
6451:
6448:
6446:
6443:
6441:
6438:
6436:
6433:
6431:
6428:
6426:
6423:
6421:
6418:
6416:
6413:
6411:
6408:
6407:
6406:
6403:
6401:
6398:
6396:
6393:
6391:
6388:
6386:
6383:
6381:
6378:
6376:
6373:
6371:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6358:
6356:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6343:
6342:
6340:
6338:
6334:
6328:
6327:
6323:
6321:
6320:
6316:
6315:
6313:
6309:
6305:
6298:
6294:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6279:
6276:
6272:
6265:
6260:
6258:
6253:
6251:
6246:
6245:
6242:
6230:
6229:
6220:
6219:
6216:
6215:
6211:
6209:
6208:
6204:
6203:
6200:
6194:
6191:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6170:
6168:
6164:
6157:
6154:
6151:
6148:
6145:
6142:
6139:
6136:
6134:(adopted son)
6133:
6130:
6128:(adopted son)
6127:
6124:
6122:(adopted son)
6121:
6118:
6115:
6112:
6111:
6109:
6105:
6099:
6098:
6093:
6091:
6089:
6084:
6082:
6080:
6075:
6073:
6072:
6068:
6066:
6065:
6061:
6059:
6058:
6054:
6052:
6051:
6047:
6044:
6043:
6042:The Buccaneer
6039:
6036:
6035:
6034:The Buccaneer
6031:
6029:
6028:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6015:
6011:
6009:
6007:
6003:
6001:
5998:
5997:
5995:
5991:
5985:
5982:
5980:
5979:Panic of 1837
5977:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5912:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5902:
5898:
5895:
5894:
5893:
5890:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5857:Spoils system
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5844:
5842:
5840:
5836:
5831:
5824:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5778:Seminole Wars
5776:
5774:
5771:
5769:
5766:
5764:
5761:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5743:Fort Strother
5741:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5733:The Hermitage
5731:
5729:
5728:Hunter's Hill
5726:
5724:
5721:
5720:
5718:
5714:
5706:
5702:
5698:
5694:
5690:
5686:
5682:
5678:
5675:
5671:
5670:
5667:
5663:
5656:
5651:
5649:
5644:
5642:
5637:
5636:
5633:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5613:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5598:
5596:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5586:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5561:
5558:
5555:
5554:
5545:
5541:
5538:
5534:
5530:
5528:
5524:
5521:
5517:
5513:
5512:
5507:
5504:
5503:
5502:
5501:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5476:
5472:
5468:
5464:
5460:
5456:
5451:
5448:
5444:
5440:
5435:
5431:
5427:
5423:
5419:
5415:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5382:
5377:
5375:
5371:
5368:
5364:
5360:
5356:
5351:
5347:
5343:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5325:
5321:
5317:
5313:
5309:
5305:
5300:
5297:
5291:
5287:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5271:
5267:
5263:
5258:
5253:
5250:
5246:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5228:
5224:
5219:
5215:
5211:
5207:
5203:
5199:
5195:
5190:
5186:
5182:
5178:
5174:
5170:
5166:
5161:
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5149:
5145:
5141:
5137:
5132:
5129:
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5101:
5100:
5094:
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5033:
5027:
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5011:
5007:
5003:
4998:
4995:
4994:
4989:
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4696:
4691:
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4672:
4668:
4662:
4657:
4656:
4649:
4646:
4642:
4627:
4623:
4619:
4615:
4611:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4590:
4589:
4586:
4581:
4579:Short essays.
4576:
4571:
4567:
4563:
4559:
4553:
4549:
4544:
4540:
4534:
4530:
4525:
4521:
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4021:
4017:
4016:
4008:
4001:
3995:
3988:
3984:
3981:
3977:
3971:
3964:
3961:Louis Hartz,
3958:
3952:
3948:
3945:
3941:
3935:
3928:
3922:
3915:
3909:
3902:
3896:
3889:
3883:
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3871:
3864:
3859:
3852:
3846:
3830:
3826:
3825:USHistory.org
3822:
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3788:
3781:
3776:
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3761:
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3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3502:
3496:
3494:
3490:
3486:
3482:
3478:
3474:
3473:James K. Polk
3470:
3466:
3461:
3459:
3449:
3447:
3443:
3442:War Democrats
3439:
3435:
3431:
3427:
3423:
3420:of 1846, the
3419:
3415:
3410:
3406:
3404:
3400:
3395:
3392:
3391:spoils system
3387:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3373:
3370:
3365:
3359:
3355:
3351:
3346:
3336:
3331:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3316:
3314:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3294:
3289:
3287:
3283:
3278:
3276:
3272:
3268:
3259:
3245:
3243:
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3235:
3231:
3227:
3223:
3218:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3198:
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3192:
3188:
3183:
3181:
3175:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3156:
3152:
3148:
3134:
3130:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3111:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3099:laissez-faire
3096:
3095:
3094:Laissez-faire
3091:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3072:
3071:Jeffersonians
3068:
3065:
3062:
3061:spoils system
3058:
3055:
3052:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3028:
3027:American West
3024:
3021:
3018:
3014:
3011:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3001:
2999:
2998:majority rule
2993:
2990:
2988:
2984:
2967:
2962:
2960:
2955:
2953:
2948:
2947:
2945:
2944:
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2898:
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2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2844:Right to vote
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2769:Majority rule
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
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2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
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2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
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2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2655:
2654:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2636:Supermajority
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2566:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2534:Participatory
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2465:Hybrid regime
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
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2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
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2387:
2384:
2379:
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2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
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2359:
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2356:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2345:
2341:
2340:
2330:
2325:
2323:
2318:
2316:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2297:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2278:The Hermitage
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2253:
2250:
2249:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2236:Panic of 1837
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2191:1832 election
2189:
2188:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2138:Spoils system
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2117:
2116:1828 campaign
2114:
2113:
2107:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2091:1824 election
2089:
2088:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2063:
2062:Personal life
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2033:
2019:
2016:
2012:
2011:
2008:
2007:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1962:participation
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1850:
1845:
1843:
1838:
1836:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1812:
1804:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1794:List of years
1792:
1790:
1787:
1786:
1785:
1784:
1773:
1765:
1763:
1762:Urban history
1760:
1759:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1752:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
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1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
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1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
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1491:
1488:
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1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
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1457:
1456:
1455:
1451:
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1435:
1432:
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1425:
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1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
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1401:
1399:
1396:
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1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1193:Thai American
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
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1165:
1164:
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1127:
1125:
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1120:
1117:
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1111:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1098:
1097:
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1095:
1091:
1089:
1088:
1084:
1082:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1041:Party Systems
1038:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1004:
1003:
999:
997:
996:
992:
990:
989:
985:
981:
980:Voting rights
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
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928:
926:
923:
922:
921:
920:
916:
914:
913:
909:
905:
902:
901:
900:
899:
895:
891:
888:
887:
886:
885:
881:
877:
874:
873:
872:
871:
867:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
844:
843:
842:
838:
834:
831:
830:
829:
828:
824:
822:
821:
817:
815:
814:
810:
809:
803:
802:
792:
789:
788:
785:
783:
782:
778:
777:
773:
771:
767:
766:
763:
761:
760:
756:
755:
751:
749:
745:
744:
741:
739:
738:
734:
733:
729:
727:
723:
722:
718:
716:
712:
711:
708:
706:
705:
701:
700:
696:
694:
690:
689:
685:
683:
679:
678:
675:
673:
672:
668:
667:
663:
661:
657:
656:
652:
650:
646:
645:
641:
639:
635:
634:
630:
628:
624:
623:
620:
618:
617:
613:
612:
608:
606:
602:
601:
597:
595:
591:
590:
586:
584:
580:
579:
576:
574:
573:
569:
568:
564:
562:
561:Civil War Era
558:
557:
554:
552:
551:
547:
546:
542:
540:
536:
535:
531:
529:
525:
524:
521:
519:
518:
514:
513:
509:
507:
503:
502:
498:
496:
492:
491:
488:
486:
485:
481:
480:
476:
474:
470:
469:
465:
463:
459:
458:
455:
453:
452:
448:
447:
443:
441:
440:
436:
435:
431:
429:
428:
423:
422:
418:
417:
412:
405:
404:
400:
396:
395:
392:
391:United States
385:
384:
381:
378:
377:
365:
361:
360:Civil War Era
356:
352:
347:
343:
339:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
309:
305:
302:
301:James K. Polk
298:
294:
290:
286:
283:
279:
272:
267:
262:
257:
247:
244:
242:
239:
237:
234:
233:
230:
226:
222:
219:
215:
212:
209:
206:
202:
198:
194:
193:Spoils system
190:
186:
182:
178:
177:Majority rule
174:
173:
172:Laissez-faire
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
147:
144:
142:
138:
135:
132:
128:
125:
121:
118:
114:
111:
108:
104:
90:
86:
72:
68:
65:
61:
57:
56:James K. Polk
53:
49:
46:
42:
33:
30:
19:
8488:Midway Atoll
8483:Kingman Reef
8463:Baker Island
8442:Puerto Rico
8354:South Dakota
8344:Rhode Island
8339:Pennsylvania
8319:North Dakota
8035:
8028:
8009:
7970:
7963:
7949:
7895:
7851:
7844:
7787:
7773:
7766:
7759:
7720:
7694:Marine Corps
7681:
7674:
7667:
7631:Debt ceiling
7616:Civil Rights
7598:
7591:
7577:
7563:
7549:
7520:
7515:Antisemitism
7513:
7506:
7462:
7423:
7359:2008–present
7311:Bush v. Gore
7309:
7247:War on drugs
7121:Mid Cold War
6973:Pearl Harbor
6968:World War II
6788:Ku Klux Klan
6628:
6385:Dummer's War
6324:
6317:
6311:Pre-Colonial
6221:
6212:
6205:
6096:
6087:
6078:
6069:
6062:
6055:
6048:
6040:
6032:
6025:
6013:
6005:
5993:Public image
5812:
5594:
5532:
5515:
5505:
5493:
5483:
5458:
5454:
5446:
5438:
5413:
5409:
5399:
5389:
5380:
5362:
5354:
5345:
5332:
5307:
5303:
5289:
5276:
5265:
5256:
5248:
5240:
5230:
5217:
5205:
5193:
5168:
5164:
5139:
5135:
5127:
5118:
5098:
5079:
5055:
5051:
5031:
5005:
5001:
4991:
4973:
4954:
4945:
4927:
4918:
4910:
4901:. Retrieved
4891:
4857:
4853:
4828:
4824:
4799:
4795:
4773:
4749:
4726:cite journal
4714:. Retrieved
4707:the original
4677:
4654:
4644:
4633:. Retrieved
4613:
4609:
4584:
4574:
4547:
4528:
4501:
4497:
4475:
4468:Bibliography
4467:
4466:
4453:. Retrieved
4449:the original
4439:
4431:
4426:
4418:
4414:
4409:
4400:
4396:
4390:
4382:
4377:
4357:
4350:
4325:
4319:
4313:
4294:
4289:
4269:
4262:
4242:
4235:
4227:
4222:
4210:. Retrieved
4190:
4179:
4171:
4166:
4158:
4153:
4145:
4140:
4128:
4120:
4115:
4105:September 1,
4103:. Retrieved
4083:
4076:
4064:
4056:
4051:
4043:
4038:
4014:
4007:
3999:
3994:
3975:
3970:
3962:
3957:
3939:
3934:
3926:
3921:
3913:
3908:
3900:
3895:
3887:
3882:
3870:
3858:
3850:
3845:
3833:. Retrieved
3824:
3814:
3794:
3787:
3775:
3767:
3763:
3759:
3754:
3745:
3740:September 2,
3738:. Retrieved
3734:
3724:
3716:
3709:. Retrieved
3700:
3691:
3683:
3676:. Retrieved
3652:
3645:
3637:
3608:
3602:
3594:
3574:. Retrieved
3554:
3535:
3534:
3462:
3455:
3414:Sean Wilentz
3411:
3407:
3396:
3388:
3366:
3363:
3333:
3317:
3309:
3305:
3300:
3296:
3291:
3279:
3264:
3219:
3204:
3184:
3176:
3147:Rhode Island
3143:
3132:
3098:
3092:
3046:
3003:
2995:
2991:
2980:
2641:Totalitarian
2524:Non-partisan
2504:Majoritarian
2485:Jeffersonian
2479:
2425:Deliberative
2415:Cosmopolitan
2410:Conservative
2390:Anticipatory
2342:Part of the
2288:Bibliography
2132:
2057:Early career
1996:U.S citizens
1982:
1974:expansionism
1939:
1929:created the
1880:
1859:
1858:
1349:
1342:
1323:
1284:
1277:
1263:
1204:
1160:
1153:
1106:
1092:
1087:Social class
1085:
1078:
1039:
1013:Marine Corps
1000:
993:
986:
950:Debt ceiling
935:Civil rights
917:
910:
896:
882:
868:
839:
827:Civil unrest
825:
820:Antisemitism
818:
811:
793:2008–present
781:2008–present
779:
757:
735:
702:
669:
660:World War II
614:
570:
548:
538:
515:
482:
449:
439:Colonial Era
437:
425:
419:
379:
341:
281:President(s)
211:Conservatism
170:
155:Anti-elitism
149:
29:
8641:Jacksonians
8503:Wake Island
8269:Mississippi
8184:Connecticut
8128:New England
7795:Agriculture
7714:Coast Guard
7709:Space Force
7557:Immigration
7285:WTC bombing
7203:Reaganomics
7131:Vietnam War
7047:McCarthyism
6929:Second Klan
6914:Prohibition
6892:World War I
6867:Square Deal
6857:Imperialism
6592:War of 1812
6319:Prehistoric
5707:(1796–1797)
5679:(1829–1837)
5082:25 (2007).
4593:online free
4059:(2009) ch 2
3701:History.com
3678:November 3,
3446:Copperheads
3167:Mississippi
3069:– Like the
3045:to flourish
2749:Kleroterion
2631:Substantive
2606:Semi-direct
2186:Second term
1713:Territories
1434:New England
1114:Agriculture
1033:Coast Guard
1028:Space Force
876:Immigration
726:Vietnam War
627:World War I
421:Prehistoric
146:Agrarianism
8590:Categories
8384:Washington
8304:New Mexico
8299:New Jersey
8174:California
7669:Journalism
7621:Corruption
7600:Government
7551:Demography
7538:Newspapers
7387:Sandy Hook
7290:Waco siege
7198:Reagan era
7104:Space Race
7037:Korean War
6978:home front
6810:Gilded Age
6778:Amendments
6090:(SSBN-619)
5964:Force Bill
5909:Hard money
5839:Presidency
4212:October 5,
4184:Lee Benson
3760:Providence
3576:October 4,
3531:References
3469:John Tyler
3384:Whig Party
3376:Henry Clay
3350:Democratic
3267:Whig Party
3222:Henry Clay
3121:Henry Clay
2981:Historian
2912:Historical
2824:Referendum
2779:Ochlocracy
2754:Liberalism
2744:Initiative
2621:Sociocracy
2549:Procedural
2519:Multiparty
2480:Jacksonian
2475:Industrial
2455:Grassroots
2440:Electronic
2111:First term
2106:Presidency
2047:Early life
2002:Philosophy
1942:democratic
1935:Whig Party
1927:Henry Clay
1897:until the
1887:historians
988:Journalism
940:Corruption
919:Government
870:Demography
857:Newspapers
748:Reagan Era
594:Gilded Age
432:until 1607
342:Chronology
307:Key events
297:John Tyler
189:Radicalism
8394:Wisconsin
8359:Tennessee
8264:Minnesota
8239:Louisiana
8133:The South
7704:Air Force
7579:Education
7441:recession
7397:Las Vegas
7305:Columbine
7262:1991–2008
7190:1980–1991
7091:1964–1980
7002:1945–1964
6956:Dust Bowl
6884:1917–1945
6765:1865–1917
6743:Civil War
6736:Secession
6681:1849–1865
6604:1815–1849
6575:Quasi-War
6552:1789–1815
6472:1776–1789
6425:Sugar Act
5974:Pet banks
5738:Creek War
4903:April 14,
4882:146879756
4716:April 16,
4635:April 14,
4055:Keyssar,
3711:March 20,
3448:did not.
3163:Louisiana
3107:Locofocos
3057:Patronage
3035:Free Soil
2849:Sortition
2804:Polyarchy
2664:Anarchism
2646:Workplace
2626:Sovereign
2616:Socialist
2596:Sectarian
2574:Christian
2564:Religious
2539:Pluralist
2494:Illiberal
2470:Inclusive
2445:Empowered
2420:Defensive
2405:Consensus
2351:Democracy
2268:Memorials
2073:Creek War
1993:non-white
1954:executive
1439:The South
1023:Air Force
898:Education
774:1991–2008
759:1991–2008
752:1981–1991
737:1980–1991
730:1964–1975
719:1954–1968
704:1964–1980
697:1954–1968
686:1945–1964
671:1945–1964
664:1941–1945
653:1929–1941
642:1918–1929
631:1917–1918
616:1917–1945
609:1896–1917
598:1877–1896
587:1865–1877
572:1865–1917
565:1849–1865
550:1849–1865
543:1825–1849
532:1817–1825
517:1815–1849
510:1801–1817
499:1788–1801
484:1789–1815
477:1783–1788
466:1765–1783
451:1776–1789
444:1607–1765
264:1829–1854
246:Elections
208:Factions
88:Dissolved
8661:Populism
8565:Category
8379:Virginia
8329:Oklahoma
8309:New York
8284:Nebraska
8274:Missouri
8259:Michigan
8249:Maryland
8234:Kentucky
8214:Illinois
8189:Delaware
8179:Colorado
8169:Arkansas
8048:Lesbians
8022:Comanche
8017:Cherokee
7810:Medicine
7768:Genocide
7761:Religion
7683:Military
7656:Taxation
7606:Abortion
7522:Cultural
7402:Parkland
7332:Iraq War
7270:Gulf War
7042:Ivy Mike
6961:New Deal
6337:Colonial
6282:Timeline
6228:Category
6152:(nephew)
5892:Bank War
5612:Archived
5560:Archived
5540:Archived
5523:Archived
5370:Archived
5367:in JSTOR
5344:(1991).
5288:(1945).
5229:(1998).
5216:(1977).
5204:(1978).
5087:Archived
4935:Archived
4932:in JSTOR
4897:Archived
4626:Archived
4566:21378753
4483:Archived
4478:(2013).
4455:June 16,
4403:: 53–72.
4302:Archived
4206:Archived
4133:Engerman
4099:Archived
4071:, p. 8–9
4069:Engerman
3983:Archived
3980:in JSTOR
3947:Archived
3944:in JSTOR
3875:Engerman
3863:Engerman
3829:Archived
3780:Engerman
3705:Archived
3672:Archived
3570:Archived
3499:See also
3369:removing
3209:and the
3201:Factions
3151:Virginia
2814:Populism
2569:Buddhist
2514:Monitory
2435:Economic
2400:Cellular
2395:Athenian
2170:Bank War
2121:election
1958:Congress
1946:monopoly
1868:suffrage
1811:Category
1362:Lesbians
1336:Comanche
1331:Cherokee
1129:Medicine
1080:Religion
1002:Military
975:Taxation
925:Abortion
841:Cultural
185:Populism
141:Ideology
8399:Wyoming
8374:Vermont
8279:Montana
8219:Indiana
8199:Georgia
8194:Florida
8164:Arizona
8154:Alabama
8121:Regions
8043:Gay men
7815:Railway
7775:Slavery
7571:Banking
7565:Economy
7407:El Paso
7392:Orlando
7126:Détente
6287:Outline
6183:Gilbert
6079:Jackson
5535:(1963)
5518:(1954)
5475:2701818
5430:1853673
5324:1886599
5185:1859236
5156:2712484
5072:3123876
5022:2078260
4913:(1957).
4874:1959497
4845:2711603
4816:2567408
4520:2953083
4421:(2006).
4342:1904204
4230:(2005).
4174:(1992).
4161:(1966).
3835:May 21,
3764:Patriot
3340:Reforms
3105:of the
2579:Islamic
2554:Radical
2544:Popular
2490:Liberal
2371:Indices
2361:History
1789:Outline
1426:Regions
1357:Gay men
1134:Railway
1094:Slavery
890:Banking
884:Economy
223:(after
96: (
78: (
70:Founded
8575:Portal
8529:Cities
8512:Cities
8334:Oregon
8289:Nevada
8229:Kansas
8204:Hawaii
8159:Alaska
8147:States
8073:Places
7835:Groups
7805:Lumber
7743:Fourth
7733:Second
7543:Sports
7528:Cinema
7497:Topics
7412:Uvalde
7382:Aurora
7377:Tucson
6301:Events
6166:Slaves
6116:(wife)
6107:Family
6081:(1832)
6045:(1958)
6037:(1938)
5695:(1821)
5473:
5428:
5322:
5270:online
5183:
5154:
5106:
5084:online
5070:
5039:
5020:
4980:
4961:
4880:
4872:
4843:
4814:
4782:
4758:
4686:
4663:
4564:
4554:
4535:
4518:
4385:(1993)
4365:
4340:
4299:online
4277:
4250:
4198:
4148:(2009)
4091:
4046:(1957)
4026:
3965:(1948)
3916:(1910)
3853:(1945)
3802:
3770:(2019)
3664:
3615:
3562:
3293:party.
3189:, the
3165:, and
3153:, and
3127:, and
3031:yeoman
2907:Europe
2897:Africa
2891:Region
2864:Voting
2774:Motion
2611:Social
2589:Mormon
2584:Jewish
2499:Liquid
2460:Guided
2450:Ethnic
2430:Direct
2366:Theory
2263:Legacy
2258:Legacy
1970:values
1950:elites
1821:Portal
1772:Cities
1754:Cities
1452:States
1381:Places
1148:Groups
1124:Lumber
1062:Fourth
1052:Second
862:Sports
847:Cinema
806:Topics
8364:Texas
8244:Maine
8209:Idaho
8037:LGBTQ
8030:Women
7800:Labor
7753:Sixth
7748:Fifth
7738:Third
7728:First
7533:Music
7275:NAFTA
6158:(pet)
6077:USRC
5471:JSTOR
5426:JSTOR
5320:JSTOR
5181:JSTOR
5152:JSTOR
5068:JSTOR
5018:JSTOR
4878:S2CID
4870:JSTOR
4841:JSTOR
4812:JSTOR
4710:(PDF)
4703:(PDF)
4629:(PDF)
4606:(PDF)
4516:JSTOR
4338:JSTOR
3536:Notes
3242:Whigs
3051:Whigs
2509:Media
2383:Types
1985:White
1351:LGBTQ
1344:Women
1119:Labor
1072:Sixth
1067:Fifth
1057:Third
1047:First
852:Music
8432:Guam
8369:Utah
8324:Ohio
8224:Iowa
7699:Navy
7689:Army
7593:Flag
6156:Poll
6095:USS
6086:USS
5716:Life
5703:for
5104:ISBN
5037:ISBN
4978:ISBN
4959:ISBN
4905:2018
4780:ISBN
4756:ISBN
4739:help
4718:2016
4684:ISBN
4661:ISBN
4637:2018
4562:OCLC
4552:ISBN
4533:ISBN
4457:2016
4363:ISBN
4275:ISBN
4248:ISBN
4214:2018
4196:ISBN
4107:2017
4089:ISBN
4024:ISBN
3837:2022
3800:ISBN
3758:The
3742:2024
3713:2022
3680:2022
3662:ISBN
3613:ISBN
3578:2018
3560:ISBN
3378:and
3159:Ohio
2902:Asia
2601:Semi
2529:Oral
1925:and
1889:and
1018:Navy
1008:Army
912:Flag
424:and
225:1828
98:1854
91:1854
80:1829
73:1829
6485:War
5674:7th
5463:doi
5418:doi
5312:doi
5173:doi
5144:doi
5060:doi
5010:doi
4862:doi
4833:doi
4804:doi
4618:doi
4506:doi
4330:doi
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1885:by
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1741:PR
1736:MP
1731:GU
1726:AS
1721:DC
1705:WY
1700:WI
1695:WV
1690:WA
1685:VA
1680:VT
1675:UT
1670:TX
1665:TN
1660:SD
1655:SC
1650:RI
1645:PA
1640:OR
1635:OK
1630:OH
1625:ND
1620:NC
1615:NY
1610:NM
1605:NJ
1600:NH
1595:NV
1590:NE
1585:MT
1580:MO
1575:MS
1570:MN
1565:MI
1560:MA
1555:MD
1550:ME
1545:LA
1540:KY
1535:KS
1530:IA
1525:IN
1520:IL
1515:ID
1510:HI
1505:GA
1500:FL
1495:DE
1490:CT
1485:CO
1480:CA
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