306:
283:
205:
180:
312:
211:
29:
55:
1205:
from its binding proteins in the small intestine, preventing its absorption via the intrinsic factor complex. Other risk factors contributing to pernicious anemia are anything that damages or removes a portion of the stomach's parietal cells, including
319:
218:
1133:
in the gastric juice, e.g., intrinsic factor may be present even when pepsin is largely absent. The site of formation of the intrinsic factor varies in different species. In pigs it is obtained from the
1264:, but there is no evidence that this route of administration is superior to the oral route, and only Canada and Sweden routinely prescribe this route of administration.
1642:
Heatley NG, Florey H, Turnbull A, Jennings MA, Watson GM, Wakisaka G, Witts LJ (1954). "Intrinsic factor in the pyloric and duodenal secretions of the pig". (primary).
1249:
is absorbed without intrinsic factor, but at levels of less than one percent than if intrinsic factor is present. Despite the low amounts absorbed, oral vitamin B
1494:
Alpers DH, Russell-Jones G (May 2013). "Gastric intrinsic factor: the gastric and small intestinal stages of cobalamin absorption. A personal journey". (review).
1839:
Guéant JL, Champigneulle B, Gaucher P, Nicolas JP (1990). "Malabsorption of vitamin B12 in pancreatic insufficiency of the adult and of the child". (review).
2360:
1882:
746:
727:
141:
1530:
1607:
Poliner IJ, Spiro HM, Pask BA, Trocchio N (1958). "The independent secretion of acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor by the human stomach". (primary).
1375:
1357:
946:
2353:
953:
2926:
1796:
Neumann WL, Coss E, Rugge M, Genta RM (2013). "Autoimmune atrophic gastritis--pathogenesis, pathology and management". (review).
112:, IF, IFMH, INF, TCN3, gastric intrinsic factor, intrinsic factor, Intrinsic factor , IF, cobalamin binding intrinsic factor, GIF
2260:
Christensen EI, Nielsen R, Birn H (Feb 2013). "From bowel to kidneys: the role of cubilin in physiology and disease". (review).
3471:
1542:
1470:
2635:
2593:
1340:
1271:
absorption is a multistep process that involves the stomach, pancreas and small intestine, and is mediated by two carriers:
2346:
1911:
Kozyraki R, Cases O (2013). "Vitamin B12 absorption: mammalian physiology and acquired and inherited disorders". (review).
1430:
52:
3303:
1319:
1761:
Osborne D, Sobczyńska-Malefora A (2015). "Autoimmune mechanisms in pernicious anaemia & thyroid disease". (review).
305:
3343:
1198:
3193:
282:
2472:
1344:
1323:
1197:
can also cause intrinsic factor deficiency and anemia through damage to the parietal cells of the stomach wall.
1082:
is acid-sensitive and in binding to haptocorrin it can safely pass through the acidic stomach to the duodenum.
3486:
2630:
791:
1890:
204:
179:
1125:. The optimum pH for its action is approximately 7. Its concentration does not correlate with the amount of
772:
2904:
2378:
121:
3440:
2919:
1397:"CBLIF - Cobalamin binding intrinsic factor precursor - Homo sapiens (Human) - CBLIF gene & protein"
318:
217:
3430:
2796:
2529:
2033:
Andrès E, Fothergill H, Mecili M (2010). "Efficacy of oral cobalamin (vitamin B12) therapy". (review).
1181:
directed against intrinsic factor or parietal cells themselves lead to an intrinsic factor deficiency,
1883:"Intrinsic factor deficiency | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program"
311:
210:
3481:
3393:
3353:
2871:
2835:
2727:
1261:
108:
3333:
3308:
2300:
1153:
The limited amount of normal human gastric intrinsic factor limits normal efficient absorption of B
129:
2078:"Replacement therapy for vitamin B12 deficiency: comparison between the sublingual and oral route"
2801:
2732:
2370:
1234:
929:
908:
882:
861:
3368:
2912:
2756:
1093:
can then bind to intrinsic factor. This new complex is then absorbed by the epithelial cells (
2885:
2670:
193:
2338:
2296:
2665:
2568:
1190:
149:
8:
3476:
3373:
3298:
3185:
3162:
3126:
3098:
2617:
1299:
it can safely pass through the acidic stomach to the duodenum, given time in the mouth.
3323:
2807:
2402:
2243:
2218:
2200:
2173:
2160:
2102:
2077:
2058:
2011:
1975:
1950:
1864:
1821:
1743:
1695:
1678:
1194:
1174:
153:
1655:
1620:
1584:
1559:
661:
656:
651:
646:
630:
625:
620:
615:
610:
605:
589:
3398:
3227:
2327:
2318:
2277:
2248:
2234:
2205:
2152:
2107:
2093:
2050:
2015:
1980:
1928:
1856:
1852:
1825:
1813:
1778:
1735:
1700:
1659:
1624:
1589:
1538:
1511:
1476:
1466:
1426:
1242:
1207:
1170:
1126:
101:
45:
2062:
1747:
133:
3491:
3313:
3130:
2893:
2855:
2769:
2764:
2711:
2564:
2269:
2238:
2230:
2195:
2185:
2164:
2142:
2097:
2089:
2042:
2007:
1970:
1962:
1920:
1868:
1848:
1805:
1770:
1727:
1690:
1651:
1616:
1579:
1571:
1503:
1458:
1143:
398:
329:
273:
228:
2312:
1966:
3270:
3242:
3158:
2588:
1924:
1774:
1507:
1462:
1453:
Fedosov SN (2012). "Physiological and
Molecular Aspects of Cobalamin Transport".
1109:; the new complex can then exit the epithelial cells to be carried to the liver.
1086:
1048:
373:
157:
1380:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1362:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
3420:
2939:
2737:
2583:
2394:
1679:"Human gastric intrinsic factor expression is not restricted to parietal cells"
1280:
1122:
1106:
1071:
1067:
474:
2190:
2131:"Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of cobalamin and folate disorders"
2046:
1809:
1677:
Howard TA, Misra DN, Grove M, Becich MJ, Shao JS, Gordon M, Alpers DH (1996).
3465:
3425:
3413:
3093:
2431:
2414:
1182:
1121:
within the stomach, and so is present in the gastric juice as well as in the
1118:
1029:
576:
2934:
1718:
Watanabe F (Nov 2007). "Vitamin B12 sources and bioavailability". (review).
534:
412:
3338:
3250:
3117:
2947:
2943:
2536:
2503:
2493:
2419:
2281:
2252:
2209:
2156:
2111:
2054:
2019:
1984:
1932:
1817:
1782:
1739:
1663:
1628:
1515:
1480:
1178:
1025:
391:
170:
1860:
1704:
1593:
993:
988:
3450:
3445:
3435:
3408:
3378:
3363:
3232:
3088:
3078:
2955:
2792:
2691:
2436:
2307:
2273:
1575:
1537:. (secondary) (4th ed.). PHI Learning Private Limited. p. 632.
1396:
1296:
1276:
1272:
1063:
1037:
836:
817:
2219:"Advances in the understanding of cobalamin assimilation and metabolism"
2172:
Coati I, Fassan M, Farinati F, Graham DY, Genta RM, Rugge M (Nov 2015).
1560:"Effect of pH changes on the binding of vitamin B12 by intrinsic factor"
1210:, gastric tumors, gastric ulcers, and excessive consumption of alcohol.
3278:
2817:
2742:
2541:
2462:
1731:
1094:
290:
187:
137:
28:
2147:
2130:
1535:
Textbook Of
Biochemistry, Biotechnology, Allied And Molecular Medicine
78:
74:
3388:
3383:
3358:
3348:
3260:
2812:
2675:
2524:
1457:. (review). Subcellular Biochemistry. Vol. 56. pp. 347–67.
691:
357:
344:
256:
243:
145:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3175:
3170:
3148:
3143:
3103:
2621:
2600:
2467:
1139:
977:
1089:, pancreatic enzymes digest the glycoprotein carrier and vitamin B
3255:
3138:
2935:
2512:
2332:
2322:
1998:
Alpers DH (Mar 2005). "What is new in vitamin B(12)?". (review).
1838:
1253:
therapy is effective at reducing symptoms of pernicious anemia.
1147:
1135:
1052:
1033:
803:
758:
676:
672:
125:
3328:
3047:
3007:
2647:
2605:
2517:
2488:
2407:
1130:
961:
713:
16:
Glycoprotein produced in the stomach which binds to vitamin B12
3222:
3217:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3012:
2997:
2992:
2977:
2964:
2642:
2444:
2368:
1641:
1157:
to about 2 ÎĽg per meal, a nominally adequate intake of B
1098:
1044:
2317:
Overview of all the structural information available in the
3403:
3318:
3212:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3002:
2987:
2982:
2972:
2850:
1217:
gene are responsible for a rare inheritable disease called
1059:
1760:
2171:
1606:
381:
2075:
1557:
2259:
2032:
1676:
1425:(3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 230.
2128:
1951:"Vitamin B12 deficiency - A 21st century perspective"
1795:
1105:
dissociates once again and binds to another protein,
546:
1493:
1201:
can interfere with normal dissociation of vitamin B
1336:
1334:
1332:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1798:Nature Reviews. Gastroenterology & Hepatology
328:
227:
3463:
2174:"Autoimmune gastritis: Pathologist's viewpoint"
1944:
1942:
1329:
1308:
1032:(in humans) or chief cells (in rodents) of the
2129:Devalia V, Hamilton MS, Molloy AM (Aug 2014).
2076:Sharabi A, Cohen E, Sulkes J, Garty M (2003).
1948:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1420:
1341:GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024682
2920:
2354:
1910:
2331:(Cobalamin binding intrinsic factor) at the
2069:
2026:
1939:
1904:
1789:
1754:
1635:
1600:
1533:. In Talwar G, Hasnain SE, Sarin SK (eds.).
1832:
1670:
1439:
1320:GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000134812
1221:which results in malabsorption of vitamin B
2927:
2913:
2361:
2347:
1522:
1487:
1414:
1070:) is another glycoprotein secreted by the
1051:. In humans, the gastric intrinsic factor
2299:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
2242:
2199:
2189:
2146:
2101:
1974:
1694:
1583:
1558:Shum HY, O'Neill BJ, Streeter AM (1971).
1551:
1391:
1389:
2785:
2082:British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
1717:
1142:; in human beings it is present in the
1036:. It is necessary for the absorption of
3233:Structural maintenance of chromosomes 3
2216:
1452:
1423:Human Physiology: The Basis of Medicine
3464:
1997:
1528:
1386:
1085:In the less acidic environment of the
2908:
2342:
2262:Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation
333:
294:
289:
232:
191:
186:
1875:
1112:
2000:Current Opinion in Gastroenterology
13:
2121:
2012:10.1097/01.mog.0000148331.96932.44
1275:and intrinsic factor, and because
1014:cobalamin binding intrinsic factor
14:
3503:
3344:Cholesterylester transfer protein
3194:Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans
2290:
2178:World Journal of Gastroenterology
2035:Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy
1720:Experimental Biology and Medicine
1291:is acid-sensitive, when vitamin B
1199:Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency
2235:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2009.07937.x
2094:10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.01907.x
1853:10.1097/00006676-199009000-00011
1164:
1117:Intrinsic factor is secreted by
317:
310:
304:
281:
216:
209:
203:
178:
27:
1991:
1711:
1245:. Orally administered vitamin B
2223:British Journal of Haematology
2135:British Journal of Haematology
1949:Shipton MJ, Thachil J (2015).
1368:
1350:
535:More reference expression data
1:
2577:Bile and pancreatic secretion
1967:10.7861/clinmedicine.15-2-145
1656:10.1016/S0140-6736(54)90355-4
1621:10.1016/S0016-5085(58)80102-X
1564:Journal of Clinical Pathology
1421:Pocock G, Richards C (2006).
1302:
1101:. Inside the cells, vitamin B
302:
201:
3472:Genes on human chromosome 11
1925:10.1016/j.biochi.2012.11.004
1775:10.1016/j.autrev.2015.04.011
1508:10.1016/j.biochi.2012.12.006
1463:10.1007/978-94-007-2199-9_18
1228:
7:
3441:Tumor necrosis factor alpha
1219:intrinsic factor deficiency
662:cobalamin metabolic process
10:
3508:
3431:Thyroxine-binding proteins
2797:Interstitial cell of Cajal
3394:Serum amyloid P component
3354:Colony-stimulating factor
3291:
3269:
3241:
3184:
3157:
3125:
3116:
3071:
2963:
2954:
2884:
2872:Enterohepatic circulation
2864:
2843:
2834:
2778:
2755:
2728:Segmentation contractions
2720:
2704:
2684:
2658:
2616:
2576:
2563:
2556:
2502:
2481:
2455:
2393:
2386:
2377:
2191:10.3748/wjg.v21.i42.12179
2047:10.1517/14656560903456053
1887:rarediseases.info.nih.gov
1810:10.1038/nrgastro.2013.101
1531:"Gastrointestinal System"
1376:"Mouse PubMed Reference:"
1358:"Human PubMed Reference:"
1074:which binds to vitamin B
992:
987:
983:
976:
960:
941:
926:
922:
905:
901:
894:
879:
875:
858:
854:
847:
834:
830:
815:
811:
802:
789:
785:
770:
766:
757:
744:
740:
725:
721:
712:
697:
690:
686:
670:
575:
571:
559:
554:
545:
532:
509:quadriceps femoris muscle
481:
472:
419:
410:
380:
372:
368:
351:
338:
301:
280:
271:
267:
250:
237:
200:
177:
168:
164:
119:
116:
106:
99:
94:
71:
66:
49:
44:
39:
35:
26:
21:
3334:B-cell activating factor
3309:Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin
2308:MedlinePlus Encyclopedia
2301:Medical Subject Headings
1235:intramuscular injections
1018:gastric intrinsic factor
954:Chr 19: 11.72 – 11.74 Mb
947:Chr 11: 59.83 – 59.85 Mb
2802:Basal electrical rhythm
2733:Migrating motor complex
2371:gastrointestinal system
2217:Quadros EV (Jan 2010).
1123:gastric mucous membrane
1043:later on in the distal
3369:Membrane glycoproteins
2757:Enteric nervous system
1455:Water Soluble Vitamins
1173:, which is usually an
626:apical plasma membrane
493:mucous cell of stomach
451:pancreatic ductal cell
3487:Genes mutated in mice
2671:Enterochromaffin cell
2666:Enteroendocrine cells
1138:and beginning of the
485:epithelium of stomach
296:Chromosome 19 (mouse)
194:Chromosome 11 (human)
2659:Endocrine cell types
1763:Autoimmunity Reviews
1576:10.1136/jcp.24.3.239
1283:) binds to vitamin B
1191:megaloblastic anemia
647:cobalt ion transport
606:extracellular region
67:List of PDB id codes
40:Available structures
3374:Myelin protein zero
3299:Activin and inhibin
3099:Phytohaemagglutinin
2685:Exocrine cell types
2618:Glucose homeostasis
1233:In most countries,
657:cobalamin transport
631:extracellular space
513:superior colliculus
459:canal of the cervix
3324:Asialoglycoprotein
2808:Gastrocolic reflex
2369:Physiology of the
2274:10.1093/ndt/gfs565
1732:10.3181/0703-MR-67
1683:Journal of Anatomy
1260:can also be given
1241:are used to treat
1195:Atrophic gastritis
1175:autoimmune disease
1055:is encoded by the
792:ENSMUSG00000024682
640:Biological process
599:Cellular component
583:Molecular function
443:buccal mucosa cell
3459:
3458:
3399:Sialoglycoprotein
3287:
3286:
3228:Platelet factor 4
3112:
3111:
2902:
2901:
2880:
2879:
2830:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2765:Submucous plexus
2751:
2750:
2700:
2699:
2552:
2551:
2148:10.1111/bjh.12959
1955:Clinical Medicine
1544:978-81-203-5125-7
1529:Sharma K (2016).
1472:978-94-007-2198-2
1267:Because vitamin B
1243:pernicious anemia
1213:Mutations in the
1208:bariatric surgery
1189:, and subsequent
1171:pernicious anemia
1113:Site of secretion
1107:transcobalamin II
1003:
1002:
999:
998:
972:
971:
937:
936:
916:
915:
890:
889:
869:
868:
843:
842:
824:
823:
798:
797:
779:
778:
753:
752:
734:
733:
682:
681:
590:cobalamin binding
567:
566:
563:
562:
541:
540:
528:
527:
466:
465:
364:
363:
263:
262:
158:CBLIF - orthologs
90:
89:
86:
85:
50:Ortholog search:
3499:
3482:Gastroenterology
3314:Apolipoprotein H
3123:
3122:
3084:Intrinsic factor
2961:
2960:
2929:
2922:
2915:
2906:
2905:
2894:Peritoneal fluid
2856:Pancreatic juice
2841:
2840:
2783:
2782:
2770:Myenteric plexus
2712:Intestinal juice
2574:
2573:
2561:
2560:
2473:Gastric emptying
2425:Intrinsic factor
2391:
2390:
2384:
2383:
2363:
2356:
2349:
2340:
2339:
2297:Intrinsic+factor
2285:
2256:
2246:
2213:
2203:
2193:
2184:(42): 12179–89.
2168:
2150:
2116:
2115:
2105:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2030:
2024:
2023:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1978:
1946:
1937:
1936:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1898:
1889:. Archived from
1879:
1873:
1872:
1836:
1830:
1829:
1793:
1787:
1786:
1758:
1752:
1751:
1715:
1709:
1708:
1698:
1689:(Pt 2): 303–13.
1674:
1668:
1667:
1650:(6838): 578–80.
1639:
1633:
1632:
1609:Gastroenterology
1604:
1598:
1597:
1587:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1450:
1437:
1436:
1432:978-019-856878-0
1418:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1393:
1384:
1383:
1372:
1366:
1365:
1354:
1348:
1338:
1327:
1317:
1287:, and Vitamin B
1281:transcobalamin I
1146:and body of the
1068:transcobalamin I
1028:produced by the
1016:, also known as
1006:Intrinsic factor
985:
984:
956:
949:
932:
920:
919:
911:
899:
898:
895:RefSeq (protein)
885:
873:
872:
864:
852:
851:
828:
827:
809:
808:
783:
782:
764:
763:
738:
737:
719:
718:
688:
687:
573:
572:
552:
551:
537:
477:
475:Top expressed in
470:
469:
415:
413:Top expressed in
408:
407:
387:
386:
370:
369:
360:
347:
336:
321:
314:
308:
297:
285:
269:
268:
259:
246:
235:
220:
213:
207:
196:
182:
166:
165:
160:
111:
104:
81:
64:
63:
58:
37:
36:
31:
19:
18:
3507:
3506:
3502:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3497:
3496:
3462:
3461:
3460:
3455:
3283:
3265:
3237:
3180:
3153:
3108:
3067:
2950:
2933:
2903:
2898:
2876:
2860:
2822:
2774:
2747:
2716:
2696:
2680:
2654:
2612:
2589:Cholecystokinin
2548:
2498:
2477:
2451:
2440:
2373:
2367:
2293:
2288:
2124:
2122:Further reading
2119:
2074:
2070:
2031:
2027:
1996:
1992:
1947:
1940:
1909:
1905:
1896:
1894:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1837:
1833:
1794:
1790:
1759:
1755:
1726:(10): 1266–74.
1716:
1712:
1675:
1671:
1640:
1636:
1605:
1601:
1556:
1552:
1545:
1527:
1523:
1492:
1488:
1473:
1451:
1440:
1433:
1419:
1415:
1405:
1403:
1401:www.uniprot.org
1395:
1394:
1387:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1356:
1355:
1351:
1339:
1330:
1318:
1309:
1305:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1270:
1259:
1252:
1248:
1240:
1231:
1224:
1204:
1188:
1167:
1160:
1156:
1115:
1104:
1092:
1087:small intestine
1081:
1077:
1072:salivary glands
1049:small intestine
1041:
994:View/Edit Mouse
989:View/Edit Human
952:
945:
942:Location (UCSC)
928:
907:
881:
860:
773:ENSG00000134812
666:
635:
621:lysosomal lumen
594:
533:
524:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
473:
462:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
431:body of stomach
429:
425:
411:
355:
342:
334:
324:
323:
322:
315:
295:
272:Gene location (
254:
241:
233:
223:
222:
221:
214:
192:
169:Gene location (
120:
107:
100:
73:
51:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3505:
3495:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3457:
3456:
3454:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3421:Thrombopoietin
3418:
3417:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3295:
3293:
3289:
3288:
3285:
3284:
3282:
3281:
3275:
3273:
3267:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3247:
3245:
3239:
3238:
3236:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3190:
3188:
3182:
3181:
3179:
3178:
3173:
3167:
3165:
3155:
3154:
3152:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3135:
3133:
3120:
3114:
3113:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3075:
3073:
3069:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2969:
2967:
2958:
2952:
2951:
2940:glycoconjugate
2932:
2931:
2924:
2917:
2909:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2896:
2890:
2888:
2886:Abdominopelvic
2882:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2868:
2866:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2858:
2853:
2847:
2845:
2838:
2832:
2831:
2828:
2827:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2799:
2789:
2787:
2780:
2776:
2775:
2773:
2772:
2767:
2761:
2759:
2753:
2752:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2724:
2722:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2714:
2708:
2706:
2702:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2694:
2688:
2686:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2662:
2660:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2651:
2650:
2640:
2639:
2638:
2627:
2625:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2610:
2609:
2608:
2598:
2597:
2596:
2586:
2584:Enterogastrone
2580:
2578:
2571:
2558:
2554:
2553:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2546:
2545:
2544:
2534:
2533:
2532:
2522:
2521:
2520:
2509:
2507:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2496:
2491:
2485:
2483:
2479:
2478:
2476:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2459:
2457:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2449:
2448:
2447:
2442:
2438:
2432:Foveolar cells
2429:
2428:
2427:
2422:
2415:Parietal cells
2412:
2411:
2410:
2399:
2397:
2388:
2381:
2375:
2374:
2366:
2365:
2358:
2351:
2343:
2337:
2336:
2315:
2304:
2292:
2291:External links
2289:
2287:
2286:
2257:
2229:(2): 195–204.
2214:
2169:
2141:(4): 496–513.
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2117:
2068:
2025:
1990:
1938:
1903:
1874:
1831:
1788:
1753:
1710:
1669:
1634:
1615:(2): 196–209.
1599:
1550:
1543:
1521:
1486:
1471:
1438:
1431:
1413:
1385:
1367:
1349:
1328:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1268:
1257:
1250:
1246:
1238:
1230:
1227:
1222:
1202:
1186:
1179:autoantibodies
1166:
1163:
1158:
1154:
1119:parietal cells
1114:
1111:
1102:
1090:
1079:
1075:
1039:
1030:parietal cells
1001:
1000:
997:
996:
991:
981:
980:
974:
973:
970:
969:
967:
965:
958:
957:
950:
943:
939:
938:
935:
934:
924:
923:
917:
914:
913:
903:
902:
896:
892:
891:
888:
887:
877:
876:
870:
867:
866:
856:
855:
849:
845:
844:
841:
840:
832:
831:
825:
822:
821:
813:
812:
806:
800:
799:
796:
795:
787:
786:
780:
777:
776:
768:
767:
761:
755:
754:
751:
750:
742:
741:
735:
732:
731:
723:
722:
716:
710:
709:
704:
699:
695:
694:
684:
683:
680:
679:
668:
667:
665:
664:
659:
654:
649:
643:
641:
637:
636:
634:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
602:
600:
596:
595:
593:
592:
586:
584:
580:
579:
569:
568:
565:
564:
561:
560:
557:
556:
549:
543:
542:
539:
538:
530:
529:
526:
525:
523:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
505:primary oocyte
502:
498:
497:left lung lobe
494:
490:
489:pyloric antrum
486:
482:
479:
478:
467:
464:
463:
461:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
417:
416:
404:
403:
395:
384:
378:
377:
374:RNA expression
366:
365:
362:
361:
353:
349:
348:
340:
337:
332:
326:
325:
316:
309:
303:
299:
298:
293:
287:
286:
278:
277:
265:
264:
261:
260:
252:
248:
247:
239:
236:
231:
225:
224:
215:
208:
202:
198:
197:
190:
184:
183:
175:
174:
162:
161:
118:
114:
113:
105:
97:
96:
92:
91:
88:
87:
84:
83:
69:
68:
60:
59:
48:
42:
41:
33:
32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3504:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3426:Thyroglobulin
3424:
3422:
3419:
3415:
3414:Glycophorin C
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3401:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3294:
3290:
3280:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3272:
3268:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3244:
3240:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3195:
3192:
3191:
3189:
3187:
3183:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3164:
3160:
3156:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3118:Proteoglycans
3115:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3094:Peptidoglycan
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3070:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2966:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2948:glycopeptides
2945:
2944:glycoproteins
2941:
2937:
2930:
2925:
2923:
2918:
2916:
2911:
2910:
2907:
2895:
2892:
2891:
2889:
2887:
2883:
2873:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2863:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2833:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2794:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2784:
2781:
2777:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2725:
2723:
2719:
2713:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2703:
2693:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2683:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2644:
2641:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2607:
2604:
2603:
2602:
2599:
2595:
2592:
2591:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2559:
2555:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2538:
2535:
2531:
2528:
2527:
2526:
2523:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2501:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2480:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2454:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2435:
2434:
2433:
2430:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2416:
2413:
2409:
2406:
2405:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2396:
2392:
2389:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2364:
2359:
2357:
2352:
2350:
2345:
2344:
2341:
2334:
2330:
2329:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2314:
2310:
2309:
2305:
2302:
2298:
2295:
2294:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2268:(2): 274–81.
2267:
2263:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2127:
2126:
2113:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2080:. (primary).
2079:
2072:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2041:(2): 249–56.
2040:
2036:
2029:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1994:
1986:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1961:(2): 145–50.
1960:
1956:
1952:
1945:
1943:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1919:(5): 1002–7.
1918:
1914:
1907:
1893:on 2022-05-27
1892:
1888:
1884:
1878:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1847:(5): 559–67.
1846:
1842:
1835:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1804:(9): 529–41.
1803:
1799:
1792:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1757:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1714:
1706:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1681:. (primary).
1680:
1673:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1638:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1603:
1595:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1570:(3): 239–43.
1569:
1565:
1561:
1554:
1546:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1525:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1502:(5): 989–94.
1501:
1497:
1490:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1434:
1428:
1424:
1417:
1402:
1398:
1392:
1390:
1381:
1377:
1371:
1363:
1359:
1353:
1346:
1342:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1325:
1321:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1307:
1300:
1298:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1265:
1263:
1254:
1244:
1236:
1226:
1220:
1216:
1211:
1209:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1184:
1183:malabsorption
1180:
1176:
1172:
1165:Insufficiency
1162:
1151:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1110:
1108:
1100:
1096:
1088:
1083:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
995:
990:
986:
982:
979:
975:
968:
966:
963:
959:
955:
951:
948:
944:
940:
933:
931:
925:
921:
918:
912:
910:
904:
900:
897:
893:
886:
884:
878:
874:
871:
865:
863:
857:
853:
850:
848:RefSeq (mRNA)
846:
839:
838:
833:
829:
826:
820:
819:
814:
810:
807:
805:
801:
794:
793:
788:
784:
781:
775:
774:
769:
765:
762:
760:
756:
749:
748:
743:
739:
736:
730:
729:
724:
720:
717:
715:
711:
708:
705:
703:
700:
696:
693:
689:
685:
678:
674:
669:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
652:ion transport
650:
648:
645:
644:
642:
639:
638:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
603:
601:
598:
597:
591:
588:
587:
585:
582:
581:
578:
577:Gene ontology
574:
570:
558:
553:
550:
548:
544:
536:
531:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
483:
480:
476:
471:
468:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
421:
418:
414:
409:
406:
405:
402:
400:
396:
394:
393:
389:
388:
385:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
359:
354:
350:
346:
341:
331:
327:
320:
313:
307:
300:
292:
288:
284:
279:
275:
270:
266:
258:
253:
249:
245:
240:
230:
226:
219:
212:
206:
199:
195:
189:
185:
181:
176:
172:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
115:
110:
103:
98:
93:
82:
80:
76:
70:
65:
62:
61:
57:
54:
47:
43:
38:
34:
30:
25:
20:
3339:4-1BB ligand
3251:Fibromodulin
3083:
2956:Mucoproteins
2692:Goblet cells
2537:Somatostatin
2504:Gastric acid
2494:Gastric acid
2424:
2420:Gastric acid
2326:
2306:
2265:
2261:
2226:
2222:
2221:. (review).
2181:
2177:
2176:. (review).
2138:
2134:
2133:. (review).
2088:(6): 635–8.
2085:
2081:
2071:
2038:
2034:
2028:
2006:(2): 183–6.
2003:
1999:
1993:
1958:
1954:
1953:. (review).
1916:
1912:
1906:
1895:. Retrieved
1891:the original
1886:
1877:
1844:
1840:
1834:
1801:
1797:
1791:
1769:(9): 763–8.
1766:
1762:
1756:
1723:
1719:
1713:
1686:
1682:
1672:
1647:
1643:
1637:
1612:
1608:
1602:
1567:
1563:
1553:
1534:
1524:
1499:
1495:
1489:
1454:
1422:
1416:
1404:. Retrieved
1400:
1379:
1370:
1361:
1352:
1266:
1262:sublingually
1255:
1237:of vitamin B
1232:
1218:
1214:
1212:
1185:of vitamin B
1168:
1152:
1116:
1084:
1056:
1026:glycoprotein
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1004:
927:
906:
880:
859:
835:
816:
790:
771:
745:
726:
706:
701:
397:
390:
335:19|19 A
117:External IDs
72:
3451:Vitronectin
3446:Uteroglobin
3436:Transcortin
3409:Glycophorin
3379:Osteonectin
3364:Lactoferrin
3089:Orosomucoid
3079:Haptoglobin
2793:Peristalsis
2779:Either/both
2738:Borborygmus
2403:Chief cells
1297:Haptocorrin
1277:Haptocorrin
1273:Haptocorrin
1095:enterocytes
1078:. Vitamin B
1064:Haptocorrin
611:microvillus
356:11,740,811
343:11,724,918
255:59,845,499
242:59,829,273
95:Identifiers
3477:Hematology
3466:Categories
3279:Syndecan 1
2818:Enterocyte
2743:Defecation
2463:Swallowing
2408:Pepsinogen
1897:2022-03-15
1347:, May 2017
1326:, May 2017
1303:References
455:right lung
401:(ortholog)
138:HomoloGene
3389:Protein S
3384:Protein C
3359:Hemopexin
3349:Clusterin
3261:Keratocan
2865:Processes
2836:Accessory
2813:Digestion
2786:Processes
2721:Processes
2676:APUD cell
2622:incretins
2569:paracrine
2565:Endocrine
2530:ECL cells
2525:Histamine
2506:secretion
2456:Processes
1913:Biochimie
1826:205487577
1496:Biochimie
1295:binds to
1256:Vitamin B
1229:Treatment
1097:) of the
1038:vitamin B
930:NP_032144
909:NP_005133
883:NM_008118
862:NM_005142
692:Orthologs
521:esophagus
146:GeneCards
3208:Brevican
3203:Neurocan
3198:Aggrecan
3176:Perlecan
3171:Testican
3149:Versican
3144:Biglycan
3104:Ovomucin
2601:Secretin
2468:Vomiting
2395:Exocrine
2379:GI tract
2282:23291372
2253:19832808
2210:26576102
2157:24942828
2112:14616423
2063:37088496
2055:20088746
2020:15711210
1985:25824066
1933:23178706
1841:Pancreas
1818:23774773
1783:25936607
1748:14732788
1740:17959839
1664:13193076
1629:13512593
1516:23274574
1481:22116708
1406:15 March
1343:–
1322:–
1140:duodenum
1024:), is a
978:Wikidata
671:Sources:
616:endosome
517:duodenum
435:testicle
3492:Stomach
3256:Lumican
3139:Decorin
2936:Protein
2648:L cells
2636:K cells
2606:S cells
2594:I cells
2542:D cells
2518:G cells
2513:Gastrin
2333:PDBe-KB
2323:UniProt
2244:2809139
2201:4641135
2165:5772424
2103:1884303
1976:4953733
1869:9077477
1861:2235967
1705:8886952
1696:1167747
1594:5103294
1345:Ensembl
1324:Ensembl
1148:stomach
1136:pylorus
1053:protein
1047:of the
1034:stomach
804:UniProt
759:Ensembl
698:Species
677:QuickGO
427:pylorus
376:pattern
234:11q12.1
134:1202394
102:Aliases
3329:Avidin
3008:MUC5AC
2844:Fluids
2705:Fluids
2489:Saliva
2482:Fluids
2328:P27352
2313:002381
2303:(MeSH)
2280:
2251:
2241:
2208:
2198:
2163:
2155:
2110:
2100:
2061:
2053:
2018:
1983:
1973:
1931:
1867:
1859:
1824:
1816:
1781:
1746:
1738:
1703:
1693:
1662:
1644:Lancet
1627:
1592:
1585:476962
1582:
1541:
1514:
1479:
1469:
1429:
1144:fundus
1131:pepsin
964:search
962:PubMed
837:P52787
818:P27352
714:Entrez
547:BioGPS
501:embryo
439:fundus
423:cardia
126:609342
3292:Other
3223:CSPG5
3218:CSPG4
3072:Other
3063:MUC20
3058:MUC19
3053:MUC17
3048:MUC16
3043:MUC15
3038:MUC13
3033:MUC12
3013:MUC5B
2998:MUC3B
2993:MUC3A
2978:CD164
2965:Mucin
2643:GLP-1
2557:Lower
2445:Mucus
2387:Upper
2161:S2CID
2059:S2CID
1865:S2CID
1822:S2CID
1744:S2CID
1099:ileum
1057:CBLIF
1045:ileum
747:14603
707:Mouse
702:Human
673:Amigo
447:gonad
399:Mouse
392:Human
339:Start
274:Mouse
238:Start
171:Human
150:CBLIF
109:CBLIF
22:CBLIF
3404:CD43
3319:CD70
3304:ADAM
3213:CD44
3028:MUC8
3023:MUC7
3018:MUC6
3003:MUC4
2988:MUC2
2983:MUC1
2973:CD43
2946:and
2851:Bile
2321:for
2278:PMID
2249:PMID
2206:PMID
2153:PMID
2108:PMID
2051:PMID
2016:PMID
1981:PMID
1929:PMID
1857:PMID
1814:PMID
1779:PMID
1736:PMID
1701:PMID
1660:PMID
1625:PMID
1590:PMID
1539:ISBN
1512:PMID
1477:PMID
1467:ISBN
1427:ISBN
1408:2022
1060:gene
728:2694
382:Bgee
330:Band
291:Chr.
229:Band
188:Chr.
142:3773
122:OMIM
79:3KQ4
75:2PMV
56:RCSB
53:PDBe
2631:GIP
2437:HCO
2319:PDB
2270:doi
2239:PMC
2231:doi
2227:148
2196:PMC
2186:doi
2143:doi
2139:166
2098:PMC
2090:doi
2043:doi
2008:doi
1971:PMC
1963:doi
1921:doi
1849:doi
1806:doi
1771:doi
1728:doi
1724:232
1691:PMC
1687:189
1652:doi
1648:267
1617:doi
1580:PMC
1572:doi
1504:doi
1459:doi
1215:GIF
1169:In
1129:or
1127:HCl
1022:GIF
1012:),
555:n/a
352:End
251:End
154:OMA
130:MGI
46:PDB
3468::
3271:HS
3243:KS
3196::
3186:CS
3163:CS
3159:HS
3131:DS
3127:CS
2942::
2938:,
2325::
2311::
2276:.
2266:28
2264:.
2247:.
2237:.
2225:.
2204:.
2194:.
2182:21
2180:.
2159:.
2151:.
2137:.
2106:.
2096:.
2086:56
2084:.
2057:.
2049:.
2039:11
2037:.
2014:.
2004:21
2002:.
1979:.
1969:.
1959:15
1957:.
1941:^
1927:.
1917:95
1915:.
1885:.
1863:.
1855:.
1843:.
1820:.
1812:.
1802:10
1800:.
1777:.
1767:14
1765:.
1742:.
1734:.
1722:.
1699:.
1685:.
1658:.
1646:.
1623:.
1613:34
1611:.
1588:.
1578:.
1568:24
1566:.
1562:.
1510:.
1500:95
1498:.
1475:.
1465:.
1441:^
1399:.
1388:^
1378:.
1360:.
1331:^
1310:^
1293:12
1289:12
1285:12
1269:12
1258:12
1251:12
1247:12
1239:12
1225:.
1223:12
1203:12
1193:.
1187:12
1177:,
1161:.
1159:12
1155:12
1150:.
1103:12
1091:12
1080:12
1076:12
1062:.
1040:12
1010:IF
675:/
358:bp
345:bp
257:bp
244:bp
152:;
148::
144:;
140::
136:;
132::
128:;
124::
77:,
3161:/
3129:/
2928:e
2921:t
2914:v
2804:)
2795:(
2624:)
2620:(
2567:/
2439:3
2362:e
2355:t
2348:v
2335:.
2284:.
2272::
2255:.
2233::
2212:.
2188::
2167:.
2145::
2114:.
2092::
2065:.
2045::
2022:.
2010::
1987:.
1965::
1935:.
1923::
1900:.
1871:.
1851::
1845:5
1828:.
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1750:.
1730::
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1382:.
1364:.
1279:(
1066:(
1020:(
1008:(
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173:)
156::
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