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passion for gambling by suppressing the gambling houses at Rome. By a decree of 12 February 1679 he encouraged frequent and even daily reception of Holy
Communion. On 4 March 1679, he condemned the proposition that "the precept of keeping Holy Days is not obligatory under pain of mortal sin, aside from scandal, if contempt is absent". In 1688, he reiterated a decree of
7452:
1179:. He first condemned proposition 34 and countered that it was unlawful to procure abortion. He also condemned proposition 35, which stated: "It seems probable that the fetus (as long as it is in the uterus) lacks a rational soul and begins first to have one when it is born; and consequently it must be said that no abortion is a homicide."
609:
675:(1643–1715) again intended to use his royal influence against Odescalchi's election. Instead, believing that the cardinals as well as the Roman people were of one mind in their desire to have Odescalchi as their Pope, Louis reluctantly instructed the French party cardinals to acquiesce in his candidacy.
1281:
since 1682 and in 1689 his health declined notably. In June that year he was confined to his bed. For reasons of ill health, he cancelled a consistory of cardinals convoked for 19 June for the examination of bishops and he also cancelled meetings on 21 June. The pope was suddenly assailed by a strong
1187:
Innocent XI was no less intent on preserving the purity of faith and morals among all people. He insisted on thorough education and an exemplary lifestyle for all people and he passed strict rules in relation to the modesty of dress among Roman women. Furthermore, he put an end to the ever-increasing
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and appealing to a general council. Nor did he conceal his intention to separate the French Church entirely from Rome. The Pope remained firm. The subsequent fall of James II in
England destroyed French preponderance in Europe and soon after Innocent XI's death the struggle between Louis XIV and the
456:
were a constant preoccupation for
Innocent XI. Within the Papal States, he lowered taxes, produced a surplus in the papal budget and repudiated nepotism within the Church. Innocent XI was frugal in his governance of the Papal States, his methods evident in matters ranging from his manner of dress to
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with his three uncles a bank which quickly grew into a successful money-lending business. After completing his studies in grammar and letters, the 15-year-old
Benedetto moved to Genoa to take part in the family business as an apprentice. Lucrative economic transactions were established with clients
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to be relocated to the basilica from the grotto beneath St. Peter's in honor of his beatification and in order to make his resting place more accessible to the public. Innocent's body was transferred to the basilica's Altar of
Transfiguration, which is located near the Clementine Chapel and the
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since doctors were of the opinion that he had little time left to live. On 11 August he received in audience
Cardinal Leandro Colloredo, who came to remind him that the pope had been set to raise ten men to the cardinalate but the pope refused to do so despite the cardinal's insistence. On the
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More controversially on 30 October 1682 he issued an edict by which all the money-lending activities carried out by the Roman Jews were to cease. Such a move would incidentally have financially benefitted his own brothers who played a dominant role in
European money-lending. However, ultimately
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regularly held mass processions culminating with burning "The Pope" in effigy. Evidently, the organizers of these events were unaware that the actual Pope in Rome was involved in a deep conflict with the King of France – and therefore, far from supporting the drive to get the Duke of York
1029:, that he would not be recognised as ambassador in Rome unless he renounced this right, but Louis XIV would not give it up. At the head of an armed force of about 800 men Lavardin entered Rome in November 1687, and took forcible possession of his palace. Innocent XI treated him as
1146:
attempted to restore
Catholicism in England. He also repeatedly expressed his displeasure at the support which James II gave to the autocratic King Louis XIV in his measures against the Church. It is not surprising, therefore, that Innocent XI had less sympathy for James than for
771:, but within a few years the papal income was even in excess of the expenditures. He lost no time in declaring and practically manifesting his zeal as a reformer of manners and a corrector of administrative abuses. Beginning with the clergy, he sought to raise the
632:. In 1656, with the pope's permission, he resigned as bishop of Novara in favor of his brother Giulio and moved to Rome. While there he took a prominent part in the consultations of the various congregations of which he was a member. He participated in the
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to celebrate it in his place. The Pope's condition worsened on 2 July and his doctors were led to lance his left leg, which caused fluid release, and eventually to undertake an operation on his right leg on 31 July, and two more in the following two days.
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On 21 September 1676, Odescalchi was chosen to be
Clement X's successor and took the name of Innocent XI. He chose this name in honour of Pope Innocent X, who made him a cardinal in 1645. He was formally crowned as pontiff on 4 October 1676 by the
1114:(1685–88). At the election, which took place on 19 July 1688, neither of the candidates received the required number of votes. The decision, therefore, fell to Innocent XI, who designated Joseph Clemens as Archbishop and Elector of Cologne.
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The pontificate of
Innocent XI was marked by the struggle between the absolutism and hegemonic intentions of Louis XIV, and the primacy of the Catholic Church. As early as 1673, Louis had by his own power extended the right of the
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Following his beatification, his sarcophagus was placed under the Altar of St. Sebastian in the basilica's Chapel of St. Sebastian, where it remained until 8 April 2011 when it was moved to make way for the remains of
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and pushed for greater simplicity in preaching as well as greater reverence in worship, requesting this of both the clergy and faithful. In consideration of his diplomatic and financial support for efforts to free
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also to a higher moral standard of living. He closed all of the theaters in Rome (considered to be centers of vice and immorality) and famously brought a temporary halt to the flourishing traditions of Roman
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among the cardinals. He lived very parsimoniously and exhorted the cardinals to do the same. In this manner he not only squared the annual deficit which at his accession had reached the sum of 170,000
457:
a wide range of standards of personal behavior consistent with his conception of Christian values. Once he was elected to the papacy, he applied himself to moral and administrative reform of the
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At the square's centre is a statue of Pope Innocent XI, who is known as the 'saviour of Hungary' because of his endeavors in funding the European forces that freed Hungary from Turkish rule.
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605:. When he was sent to Ferrara in order to assist the people stricken with a severe famine, the Pope introduced him to the people of Ferrara as the "father of the poor".
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1889:
Decret de N.S.P. le Pape Innocent XI contre plusieurs propositions de morale, suivant les exemplaires de rome, de l'Imprimerie de la Reverendissime Chambre Apostolique
1025:, by which foreign ambassadors in Rome had been able to harbor in embassies any criminal wanted by the papal court of justice. He notified the new French ambassador,
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in 1685. He also discouraged compulsory baptisms which accordingly became less frequent under his pontificate, but he could not abolish the old practice altogether.
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513:, Constantino, Nicola and Paolo. He also had several collateral descendants of note through his sister: her grandson Cardinal Baldassare Erba-Odescalchi, Cardinal
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2006:(1865) describes Innocent XI's tomb as being that of his Monument in St Peter's Basilica, which is near that of Pope Leo XI's monument and tomb. Francis Wey's
991:. Innocent XI annulled the four articles on 11 April 1682, and refused his approbation to all future episcopal candidates who had taken part in the assembly.
825:, Innocent XI nevertheless yielded to the enormous pressure brought to bear upon him to confirm in 1687 the judgement of the inquisitors by which sixty-eight
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900:. After the siege was raised, Innocent XI again spared no efforts to induce the Christian princes to lend a helping hand for the expulsion of the Turks from
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All the efforts of Innocent XI to induce Louis XIV to respect the rights and primacy of the Church proved useless. In 1682, the King convoked an
481:, starting in 1791, which caused considerable controversy over the years and which was stopped on several occasions, he was beatified in 1956 by
1142:, the first representative of the Papacy to go to England for over a century. Even so, the Pope did not approve the imprudent manner in which
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It was believed that the canonization would have taken place in 2003 but the book's publication halted all plans to canonize Innocent XI.
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The feast day assigned to Innocent XI is 12 August, the date of his death. In the Hungarian calendar, it is commemorated on August 13.
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1314:, features the pope seated upon the throne above a sarcophagus with a base-relief showing the liberation of Vienna from the Turks by
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1002:. Innocent expressed displeasure at these drastic measures and continued to withhold his approbation from the episcopal candidates.
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1556:(590–604). The altar is also across from Innocent XI's monument, which was his original site of burial before his beatification.
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convinced that such a measure would cause much misery in destroying livelihoods, the enforcement of the edict was twice delayed.
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published. He ordered all copies to be burnt in 1679 but his orders went ignored. One of the books was discovered in 2015.
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and that he did not afford James help in his hour of trial. Innocent refused to appoint James II's choice as a Cardinal,
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damaged Innocent XI's reputation and thus the planned canonisation of Benedetto Odescalchi was suspended indefinitely.
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and forbade anyone to teach them under penalty of excommunication. He condemned in particular the most radical form of
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In January 1688, Innocent XI received the diplomatic mission which had been dispatched to France and the Holy See by
1110:(1658–1705) but of all European rulers, with the exception of the King of France and his supporter and cousin, King
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in 1679 to condemn 65 propositions that favored a liberal approach to doctrine which included two that related to
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The tension between the Pope and the King of France was increased by Innocent's procedure in filling the vacant
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on 16 May 1611, the son of a nobleman of Como, Livio Odescalchi, and his wife Paola Castelli Giovanelli from
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1225:(taking his name in honor of the pope who elevated him). Innocent XI also intended to nominate his confessor
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1535:. In the 20th century, it was reintroduced; his writings were approved by theologians on 24 March 1945, and
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Immediately upon his accession, Innocent XI turned all his efforts towards reducing the expenses of the
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528:, a family of minor nobility, were determined entrepreneurs. In 1619, Benedetto's brother founded in
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1099:. The former was a willing tool in the hands of Louis XIV and his appointment as Archbishop and
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To appease the Pope, Louis XIV began to act as a zealot of Catholicism. In 1685, he revoked the
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Innocent XI died on 12 August 1689 at 22:00 (Rome time) Following his death, he was buried in
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morning of 12 August he lost the ability to speak and suffered from breathing difficulties.
780:. In 1679 he publicly condemned sixty-five propositions, taken chiefly from the writings of
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In 1626 Benedetto's father died, and he began schooling in the humanities taught by the
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Innocent XI irritated the King still more that same year by abolishing the much abused
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domination, he is still widely referred to in the country as the "Saviour of Hungary".
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1655:"Cardinal Scola in the Cathedral for the closing of the Year of Innocent (in Italian)"
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at his local college, before transferring to Genoa. In 1630 he narrowly survived an
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In April 2011 the remains of Innocent XI were moved to make way for remains of the
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fever on 25 June and on 29 June he was unable to celebrate the solemn Mass for the
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beneath his funeral monument near the Clementine Chapel, which his nephew, Prince
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2240:(in French). Vol. Tome Premier: Innocent XI et son cour. Paris: Charpentier.
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Index ac status causarum beatificationis servorum dei et canonizationis beatorum
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that banned women from singing on stage in all public theatres or opera houses.
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1958:"Extremely rare book from 17th century, banned by Pope Innocent XI, resurfaces"
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of Cologne would have implied French preponderance in north-western Germany.
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768:
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621:
482:
354:
333:
1982:
1745:
1221:. In 1681 he named Antonio Pignatelli as a cardinal, who would later become
563:
Some time between 1632 and 1636, Benedetto decided to move to Rome and then
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https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/a-papal-mystery-827008.html
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1434:
1407:
1261:
1122:
720:
598:
478:
446:
349:
264:
34:
493:
7178:
7007:
6982:
6957:
6930:
6917:
6826:
6728:
6415:
6097:
5953:
5826:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5781:
5083:
5018:
4874:
4799:
4777:
4625:
4387:
4349:
3789:
3669:
3664:
3618:
3242:
3107:
3102:
3007:
2946:
2891:
2881:
2876:
2746:
2570:
2520:
2475:
1524:
1475:
1053:
760:
680:
458:
375:
977:
6962:
6547:
5791:
5786:
5610:
5537:
5153:
5073:
4704:
3903:
3578:
3097:
3082:
2896:
2871:
2706:
2610:
2530:
2480:
2422:
1612:
1516:
1318:, flanked by two allegorical figures representing Faith and Fortitude.
1169:
1005:
608:
525:
5896:
5891:
5861:
5557:
5320:
5304:
5289:
5133:
5023:
4901:
4891:
4759:
4538:
2640:
1540:
1528:
1454:
1450:
1365:
1034:
999:
965:
829:
propositions of Molinos were condemned as blasphemous and heretical.
789:
707:
534:
462:
98:
1117:
Louis XIV retaliated by taking possession of the papal territory of
960:
837:
Innocent XI showed a degree of sensitivity in his dealings with the
542:
7463:
7421:
6776:
6530:
6518:
6136:
6044:
5871:
4970:
4339:
2442:
2256: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
1383:
1295:
1266:
1176:
973:
764:
580:
128:
4080:
2103:(in Latin). Typis polyglottis vaticanis. January 1953. p. 99.
7475:
7033:
6647:
6269:
5841:
4679:
4553:
4496:
2299:
1479:
1458:
1310:, commissioned. The monument, which was designed and sculpted by
1118:
969:
625:
602:
553:
506:
370:
309:
141:
1350:
7199:
Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary
6642:
6552:
6457:
5994:
5299:
5284:
5228:
5195:
1068:
793:
564:
2014:(1882) also refer to Innocent XI's Monument as being his tomb.
904:. He contributed millions of scudi to the Turkish war fund in
6092:
5260:
5224:
1045:
1014:
936:
from gaining the throne, the radical Protestants of London's
777:
772:
754:
538:
529:
5265:
4984:
2390:
2341:
2300:
Video footage showing the beatification of Pope Innocent XI
1403:
1379:
1361:
838:
655:
Odescalchi was a strong papal candidate after the death of
546:
502:
260:
239:
2027:. New York, NY: Joseph F. Wagner, Inc., 1957. Pp. 331–339.
449:
from 21 September 1676 until his death in 12 August 1689.
7088:
Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution
1217:
He elevated 43 new cardinals into the cardinalate in two
987:
which adopted the four articles that became known as the
2182:"The return of Imprimatur in Italy: censorship is over?"
1199:(Various Theological Brochures) that the Spanish Jesuit
2138:
2136:
2012:
Rambles in Rome: An Archaeological and Historical Guide
941:
crowned, which served Louis XIV's political ambitions.
2145:"Pope Innocent XI's remains make way for John Paul II"
2074:"Pope Innocent XI's remains make way for John Paul II"
1585:(Fostering and Preserving the Orders of Men Religious)
1515:. His cause was formally opened on 23 June 1714 under
818:) which authorised deception without an outright lie.
7440:
7119:
Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary
1106:
Joseph Clement was not only the candidate of Emperor
620:, in which capacity he spent all the revenues of his
2133:
1129:
1633:"August 12 - Blessed Pope Innocent XI (in Italian)"
1543:on 15 November 1955 and blessed on 7 October 1956.
1232:
579:, commissary of the Marco di Roma, and governor of
6192:
2208:
2062:, Jefferson: McFarland & Company, Inc. P. 215.
1696:
1694:
533:in the major Italian and European cities, such as
1937:"The Castrati-Mutilation in the Name of Religion"
1851:, "Italy and the Papacy, 1655 A.D.-1799 A.D." in
872:Innocent XI was an enthusiastic initiator of the
663:government rejected him (using the now-abolished
7512:
7189:Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII
2389:
1915:"Is it really a mortal sin to skip Sunday Mass?"
1868:. The Embryo Project Encyclopedia. 18 March 2015
1766:
2023:Cevetello, Joseph F.X., "Blessed Innocent XI,"
1917:. The New Theological Movement. 21 October 2014
1691:
1245:on 8 April 1687. He beatified six individuals.
1229:as a cardinal, but he declined the invitation.
1083:. The two candidates for the see were Cardinal
1257:The body of Innocent XI in St Peter's Basilica
980:, where it had previously not been exercised.
277:("The covetous man is not (never) satisfied ")
6178:
4096:
2375:
1527:, but French influence and the accusation of
509:. The child's siblings were Carlo, Lucrezia,
154:Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals
27:Head of the Catholic Church from 1676 to 1689
1277:Innocent XI is known to have suffered from
1126:papacy was settled in favour of the Church.
841:within the Italian states. He compelled the
1835:
1833:
1831:
1767:Philips, Adrian; Scotchmer, Jo (May 2010).
912:and had the satisfaction of hearing of the
796:casuists, who had been heavily attacked by
437:; 16 May 1611 – 12 August 1689), born
7204:Dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
7154:Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart
6185:
6171:
6025:International Alliance of Catholic Knights
4103:
4089:
2382:
2368:
2261:
1808:
1806:
1804:
1802:
1349:
1248:
1041:at Rome where Lavardin attended services.
755:Reforming the administration of the papacy
571:. This led to his securing the offices of
497:The birthplace of Pope Innocent XI at Como
285:
2004:Bradshaw's Illustrated Hand-Book to Italy
1195:Innocent XI was hostile towards the book
919:
845:to release the Jewish prisoners taken by
2346:21 September 1676 – 12 August 1689
2305:Innocent XI, 1611-1689 - The Lawyer-Pope
2095:
2093:
1828:
1260:
1252:
1067:
1004:
998:and inaugurated a persecution of French
948:
944:
607:
492:
160:Cardinal-Deacon of Santi Cosma e Damiano
2233:
1977:
1975:
1799:
1272:
1013:envoys, translating the letter of King
861:
14:
7513:
4484:
2117:. Catholic News Agency. Archived from
1677:"Patrons of the Bavarian Congregation"
1562:Popular revelations made in the novel
1063:
892:who in 1683 hastened to the relief of
763:. He passed strict ordinances against
452:Political and religious tensions with
122:Referendary of the Apostolic Signatura
6166:
4084:
2363:
2206:
2090:
1531:caused it to be suspended in 1744 by
1033:and on 24 December 1687 placed under
2272:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
1972:
1775:. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 130.
856:
624:to relieve the poor and sick in his
199:by Francesco Maria Macchiavelli
7058:Suppression of the Society of Jesus
4110:
1182:
832:
24:
6613:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
2262:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "
1855:(1941), Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
1017:to Pope Innocent XI, December 1688
808:propositiones laxorum moralistarum
135:Prefect of the Apostolic Signatura
25:
7597:
7566:17th-century venerated Christians
2277:
2245:
1158:
1130:Innocent XI and William of Orange
1060:in order to establish relations.
501:Benedetto Odescalchi was born in
7498:
7486:
7474:
7462:
7450:
7420:
7408:
6739:Fourth Council of Constantinople
6694:Second Council of Constantinople
6147:
6146:
6135:
6103:Society of Saint Vincent de Paul
5651:Criticism of the Catholic Church
4062:
4051:
4050:
2251:
2071:
1960:. Catholic Online. 11 April 2015
1853:An Encyclopedia of World History
1608:Cardinals created by Innocent XI
1328:
1233:Beatifications and canonizations
1213:Cardinals created by Innocent XI
896:which was being besieged by the
706:
53:
7586:Burials at St. Peter's Basilica
7561:Beatifications by Pope Pius XII
7551:People of the Great Turkish War
6709:Third Council of Constantinople
6633:First Council of Constantinople
4270:First seven ecumenical councils
2211:The Oxford History of the Popes
2174:
2159:
2107:
2065:
2052:
2030:
2025:Homiletic & Pastoral Review
2017:
1997:
1950:
1929:
1907:
1880:
1858:
1842:
1206:
1097:Max Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria
932:sought to exclude the Catholic
166:Cardinal-Priest of Sant'Onofrio
6948:Dissolution of the monasteries
6214:History of the Catholic Church
4845:Separation of church and state
2010:(1875) and S. Russell Forbes'
1866:"Pope Innocent XI (1611-1689)"
1815:
1760:
1738:
1716:
1679:. Catholic Saints. 20 May 2021
1669:
1647:
1625:
1574:
1284:Feast of Saints Peter and Paul
1237:He also canonized two saints:
13:
1:
6822:Fourth Council of the Lateran
6797:Second Council of the Lateran
6406:Apostles in the New Testament
2200:
2038:"Monument to Bl. Innocent XI"
1657:. Diocese of Como. 8 May 2012
1507:The process of Innocent XI's
1153:Sir Edward Petre, 3rd Baronet
1081:archiepiscopal see of Cologne
985:assembly of the French clergy
821:Personally not unfriendly to
488:
6936:Catholic Counter-Reformation
6802:Third Council of the Lateran
6792:First Council of the Lateran
6248:Catholic ecumenical councils
2290:The Altar of Transfiguration
1519:, granting him the title of
1294:On 9 August he received the
1085:Wilhelm Egon von Fürstenberg
1073:Monument to Pope Innocent XI
477:After a difficult cause for
188:Francesco Maria Macchiavelli
7:
2184:. Cultora. 9 September 2015
1601:
1163:
876:which brought together the
659:(1667–69) in 1669, but the
644:
616:In 1650, Odescalchi became
560:, which killed his mother.
411:Other popes named Innocent
10:
7602:
6282:History of the Roman Curia
6142:Catholic Church portal
2115:"Blessed Pope Innocent XI"
2058:Reardon, Wendy J. (2004),
1892:. : . 1679. p.
1593:(Condemning the errors of
1511:was introduced in 1691 by
1210:
865:
648:
7403:
7303:
7169:
7096:
7031:
7018:European wars of religion
6915:
6850:
6752:
6674:
6565:
6488:
6348:
6337:
6329:Eastern Catholic Churches
6204:
6130:
6068:Aid to the Church in Need
6058:
5915:
5728:
5689:Vatican Television Center
5664:
5574:
5464:
5334:Eastern Catholic Churches
5315:
5204:
5097:
5044:
4969:
4940:
4865:
4790:
4725:
4670:
4589:
4459:
4373:
4305:
4250:
4169:
4146:
4118:
4046:
3973:
3913:
3852:
3843:
3657:
3371:
2970:
2674:
2468:
2401:
2348:
2339:
2331:
2324:
2040:. SaintPetersBasilica.org
1552:entombed remains of Pope
1485:
1465:
1444:
1423:
1413:
1393:
1371:
1360:
1348:
1335:
1265:Statue of Innocent XI in
1197:Varia Opuscula Theologica
742:
734:
726:
714:
705:
692:
639:
628:. He participated in the
597:. He subsequently became
515:Benedetto Erba Odescalchi
409:
384:
360:
339:
329:
319:
298:
293:
281:
270:
250:
221:
216:
203:
193:
180:
175:
114:
104:
94:
86:
78:
68:
52:
45:
32:
7556:Italian beatified people
7149:Mary of the Divine Heart
6772:Clash against the empire
6724:Second Council of Nicaea
6618:Old St. Peter's Basilica
6010:Communion and Liberation
5474:Eastern Catholic liturgy
4639:Mystici Corporis Christi
4567:Sixto-Clementine Vulgate
2237:Louis XIV et Innocent XI
2234:Michaud, Eugène (1882).
1618:
1397:12 August 1689 (aged 78)
7415:Vatican City portal
6767:Investiture Controversy
6623:First Council of Nicaea
4825:Philosophy of canon law
4755:Mariology of the saints
4335:Investiture Controversy
3864:During the Roman Empire
2284:The Body of Innocent XI
2217:Oxford University Press
2060:The Deaths of the Popes
1823:The Jewish Encyclopedia
1769:"Budapest: CASTLE HILL"
1704:. Catholic Encyclopedia
1249:Death and beatification
1168:Innocent XI issued the
1134:Innocent XI dispatched
953:Innocent XI (1678-1679)
7427:Catholicism portal
7238:Second Vatican Council
7124:Our Lady of La Salette
6931:Protestant Reformation
6918:Protestant Reformation
6837:Second Council of Lyon
6226:Ecclesiastical history
6078:Catholic Charities USA
5712:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
5700:Vatican Polyglot Press
4750:Mariology of the popes
4388:Protestant Reformation
4069:Catholic Church Portal
3929:Conflicts with the HRE
2326:Catholic Church titles
2286:in St Peter's Basilica
2207:Kelly, J.N.D. (1986).
2147:. Catholic News Agency
1582:Sollicitudo pastoralis
1523:, and continued under
1431:Saint Peter's Basilica
1323:beatified John Paul II
1269:
1258:
1076:
1075:, St. Peter's Basilica
1018:
964:over the provinces of
954:
920:Pope-burning in London
613:
498:
434:
426:
346:Saint Peter's Basilica
7134:First Vatican Council
6832:First Council of Lyon
6596:Constantine the Great
6292:Christian monasticism
5832:Good Shepherd Sisters
5674:Holy See Press Office
4912:Doctors of the Church
4745:Immaculate Conception
4700:Anointing of the Sick
4235:History of the papacy
3845:History of the papacy
2269:Catholic Encyclopedia
1500:Bavarian Congregation
1418:Roman Catholic Church
1312:Pierre-Étienne Monnot
1264:
1256:
1071:
1008:
952:
945:Relations with France
916:on 6 September 1688.
685:Francesco Maidalchini
611:
594:Santi Cosma e Damiano
591:with the deaconry of
573:protonotary apostolic
496:
401:Bavarian Congregation
275:Avarus non implebitur
7311:Sexual abuse scandal
7220:Mit brennender Sorge
7063:Age of Enlightenment
6842:Bernard of Clairvaux
6719:Byzantine Iconoclasm
6658:Council of Chalcedon
6438:Council of Jerusalem
6307:Role in civilization
6287:Religious institutes
6219:By country or region
5705:L'Osservatore Romano
5643:Role in civilisation
5369:Croatian and Serbian
5117:Episcopal conference
5079:St. Peter's Basilica
4437:Sexual abuse scandal
4393:Catholic Reformation
4007:Revolutionary Papacy
4001:Age of Enlightenment
2078:Catholic News Agency
1375:Benedetto Odescalchi
1286:, deputing Cardinal
1273:Final days and death
1173:Sanctissimus Dominus
1089:Bishop of Strasbourg
862:The Battle of Vienna
651:Papal conclave, 1676
439:Benedetto Odescalchi
226:Benedetto Odescalchi
61:Jacob Ferdinand Voet
7139:Papal infallibility
7129:Our Lady of Lourdes
7078:Shimabara Rebellion
6922:Counter-Reformation
6040:Neocatechumenal Way
6005:Charismatic Renewal
5719:Annuario Pontificio
5317:Particular churches
4993:Ecumenical councils
4765:Perpetual virginity
4600:Communitas perfecta
4544:Sermon on the Mount
3854:Antiquity and Early
3658:17th–21st centuries
3372:13th–16th centuries
1983:"Sede Vacante 1689"
1825:, Varda Books, 2003
1726:. Cultural Catholic
1635:. Diocese of Novara
1304:St Peter's Basilica
1112:James II of England
1064:Cologne controversy
1039:Church of St. Louis
1027:Marquis de Lavardin
914:capture of Belgrade
673:Louis XIV of France
612:Cardinal Odescalchi
587:(1644–55) made him
583:; on 6 March 1645,
575:, president of the
454:Louis XIV of France
7571:17th-century popes
7184:Our Lady of Fátima
6973:Ignatius of Loyola
6897:Catherine of Siena
6865:Pope Boniface VIII
6684:Benedict of Nursia
6653:Council of Ephesus
6490:Ante-Nicene period
6443:Split with Judaism
6277:Crusading movement
5877:Premonstratensians
4260:Ante-Nicene period
4138:Lists of Catholics
3989:Reformation Papacy
3983:Renaissance Papacy
3925:(1012–1044 / 1048)
3878:Ostrogothic Papacy
2971:9th–12th centuries
2310:2019-09-26 at the
2121:on 1 December 2017
1746:"Pope Innocent XI"
1724:"Pope Innocent XI"
1702:"Pope Innocent XI"
1270:
1259:
1239:Bernard of Menthon
1140:Kingdom of England
1121:, imprisoning the
1077:
1019:
989:Gallican Liberties
955:
928:(1679-1681), when
847:Francesco Morosini
843:Republic of Venice
812:mental reservation
803:Provincial Letters
614:
567:in order to study
558:outbreak of plague
499:
441:, was head of the
7546:Bishops of Novara
7435:
7434:
7395:COVID-19 pandemic
7373:Pope Benedict XVI
7278:Pope John Paul II
7053:Pope Benedict XIV
7039:French Revolution
7023:Thirty Years' War
7013:Robert Bellarmine
6998:John of the Cross
6902:Pope Alexander VI
6887:Council of Vienne
6817:Francis of Assisi
6807:Pope Innocent III
6676:Early Middle Ages
6670:
6669:
6666:
6665:
6608:Arian controversy
6561:
6560:
6509:Apostolic Fathers
6160:
6159:
5570:
5569:
4963:
4786:
4785:
4478:
4455:
4454:
4447:COVID-19 pandemic
4417:French Revolution
4407:Thirty Years' War
4315:Islamic conquests
4228:Apostolic fathers
4163:
4078:
4077:
4042:
4041:
3934:Wandering Papacy
3897:Saeculum obscurum
3870:Under Constantine
2675:5th–8th centuries
2469:1st–4th centuries
2453:papal resignation
2358:
2357:
2349:Succeeded by
2226:978-0-19-282085-3
2168:, 13 May 2008 at
1782:978-1-84162-285-9
1554:Gregory the Great
1549:Pope John Paul II
1533:Pope Benedict XIV
1513:Pope Innocent XII
1505:
1504:
1492:Diocese of Novara
1414:Venerated in
1316:John III Sobieski
1227:Ludovico Marracci
1223:Pope Innocent XII
1149:William of Orange
1138:as nuncio to the
1136:Ferdinando d'Adda
938:Green Ribbon Club
924:During England's
886:John III Sobieski
882:Holy Roman Empire
857:Foreign relations
823:Miguel de Molinos
752:
751:
445:and ruler of the
416:
415:
392:Diocese of Novara
82:21 September 1676
16:(Redirected from
7593:
7536:People from Como
7521:Pope Innocent XI
7503:
7502:
7501:
7491:
7490:
7489:
7479:
7478:
7467:
7466:
7455:
7454:
7453:
7446:
7425:
7424:
7413:
7412:
7411:
7390:Patriarch Kirill
7263:Pope John Paul I
7068:Anti-clericalism
7048:Pope Innocent XI
6968:Society of Jesus
6953:Council of Trent
6907:Age of Discovery
6852:Late Middle Ages
6754:High Middle Ages
6744:East–West Schism
6628:Pope Sylvester I
6574:
6573:
6563:
6562:
6473:General epistles
6468:Pauline epistles
6401:John the Baptist
6384:Great Commission
6346:
6345:
6297:Catholic culture
6187:
6180:
6173:
6164:
6163:
6150:
6149:
6140:
6139:
5882:Redemptoristines
5730:Religious orders
5656:Anti-Catholicism
5606:Church buildings
5466:Catholic liturgy
5206:Consecrated life
5064:Apostolic Palace
5031:Synod of Bishops
4967:
4966:
4943:
4549:Ten Commandments
4482:
4481:
4464:
4365:Age of Discovery
4199:Great Commission
4167:
4166:
4151:
4105:
4098:
4091:
4082:
4081:
4066:
4054:
4053:
3974:Early Modern and
3884:Byzantine Papacy
3850:
3849:
2384:
2377:
2370:
2361:
2360:
2332:Preceded by
2322:
2321:
2295:Coelestis Pastor
2273:
2264:Pope Innocent XI
2255:
2254:
2241:
2230:
2214:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2189:
2178:
2172:
2163:
2157:
2156:
2154:
2152:
2140:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2097:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2084:
2069:
2063:
2056:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2034:
2028:
2021:
2015:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1979:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1884:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1862:
1856:
1846:
1840:
1837:
1826:
1821:Isidore Singer,
1819:
1813:
1810:
1797:
1796:
1791:
1789:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1720:
1714:
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1711:
1709:
1698:
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1688:
1686:
1684:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1640:
1629:
1590:Coelestis Pastor
1429:7 October 1956,
1400:Apostolic Palace
1355:Portrait (1787).
1353:
1333:
1332:
1308:Livio Odescalchi
1201:Francisco Suárez
1183:Other activities
926:Exclusion Crisis
890:Poland-Lithuania
868:Battle of Vienna
833:Jewish relations
816:stricte mentalis
743:Posthumous style
710:
700:
699:Pope Innocent XI
695:
690:
689:
671:(1670–76) died,
634:1669–70 conclave
618:bishop of Novara
577:Apostolic Camera
519:Carlo Odescalchi
419:Pope Innocent XI
289:
257:
235:
233:
217:Personal details
204:Created cardinal
184:20 November 1650
148:Bishop of Novara
115:Previous post(s)
57:
30:
29:
21:
7601:
7600:
7596:
7595:
7594:
7592:
7591:
7590:
7581:Beatified popes
7511:
7510:
7509:
7499:
7497:
7487:
7485:
7473:
7461:
7451:
7449:
7441:
7438:
7436:
7431:
7419:
7409:
7407:
7399:
7321:World Youth Day
7299:
7288:World Youth Day
7232:Pacem in terris
7226:Pope John XXIII
7165:
7092:
7083:Edict of Nantes
7041:
7037:
7027:
6993:Teresa of Ávila
6988:Tridentine Mass
6924:
6920:
6911:
6892:Knights Templar
6846:
6748:
6704:Gregorian chant
6662:
6588:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6569:
6557:
6484:
6353:
6341:
6333:
6200:
6198:Catholic Church
6191:
6161:
6156:
6134:
6126:
6105:
6088:Relief Services
6054:
6000:Catholic Action
5990:Military orders
5927:Confraternities
5919:of the faithful
5918:
5911:
5733:
5724:
5660:
5566:
5460:
5319:
5311:
5244:Prior, Prioress
5200:
5093:
5089:Vatican Museums
5040:
4973:
4959:
4955:
4951:
4947:
4942:
4936:
4861:
4815:Social teaching
4782:
4721:
4666:
4621:One true church
4585:
4562:Sixtine Vulgate
4558:Official Bible
4472:
4468:
4463:
4451:
4369:
4301:
4246:
4216:Petrine primacy
4159:
4155:
4150:
4142:
4114:
4112:Catholic Church
4109:
4079:
4074:
4038:
4021:(1929–present)
3975:
3969:
3923:Tusculan Papacy
3915:
3909:
3890:Frankish Papacy
3855:
3839:
3653:
3367:
2966:
2670:
2464:
2397:
2395:Catholic Church
2388:
2354:
2345:
2337:
2317:Diocese of Como
2312:Wayback Machine
2280:
2252:
2248:
2227:
2203:
2198:
2197:
2187:
2185:
2180:
2179:
2175:
2166:The Independent
2164:
2160:
2150:
2148:
2143:
2141:
2134:
2124:
2122:
2113:
2112:
2108:
2099:
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2066:
2057:
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2043:
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2036:
2035:
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2018:
2002:
1998:
1988:
1986:
1981:
1980:
1973:
1963:
1961:
1956:
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1648:
1638:
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1631:
1630:
1626:
1621:
1604:
1577:
1539:proclaimed him
1498:
1496:Diocese of Como
1494:
1478:
1474:
1453:
1398:
1378:
1376:
1356:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1331:
1275:
1251:
1235:
1215:
1209:
1185:
1166:
1161:
1132:
1095:, a brother of
1066:
1058:Ok-khun Chamnan
1023:right of asylum
996:Edict of Nantes
947:
922:
902:Ottoman Hungary
870:
864:
859:
835:
757:
735:Religious style
716:Reference style
698:
696:
694:Papal styles of
693:
657:Pope Clement IX
653:
647:
642:
589:Cardinal-Deacon
585:Pope Innocent X
517:, and Cardinal
491:
461:. He abolished
443:Catholic Church
405:
399:
397:Diocese of Como
380:
367:Papal vestments
352:
344:
324:Catholic Church
315:
259:
255:
246:
237:
231:
229:
228:
227:
208:
198:
197:29 January 1651
185:
171:
73:Catholic Church
64:
41:
38:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7599:
7589:
7588:
7583:
7578:
7573:
7568:
7563:
7558:
7553:
7548:
7543:
7538:
7533:
7528:
7523:
7508:
7507:
7495:
7483:
7471:
7459:
7433:
7432:
7430:
7429:
7417:
7404:
7401:
7400:
7398:
7397:
7392:
7387:
7380:
7375:
7370:
7369:
7368:
7363:
7358:
7353:
7348:
7343:
7338:
7333:
7328:
7318:
7313:
7307:
7305:
7301:
7300:
7298:
7297:
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7285:
7280:
7275:
7270:
7265:
7260:
7250:
7245:
7240:
7235:
7228:
7223:
7216:
7211:
7209:Lateran Treaty
7206:
7201:
7196:
7191:
7186:
7181:
7175:
7173:
7167:
7166:
7164:
7163:
7156:
7151:
7146:
7141:
7136:
7131:
7126:
7121:
7116:
7111:
7106:
7100:
7098:
7094:
7093:
7091:
7090:
7085:
7080:
7075:
7070:
7065:
7060:
7055:
7050:
7044:
7042:
7034:Baroque period
7032:
7029:
7028:
7026:
7025:
7020:
7015:
7010:
7005:
7003:Peter Canisius
7000:
6995:
6990:
6985:
6980:
6978:Francis Xavier
6975:
6970:
6965:
6960:
6955:
6950:
6945:
6942:Exsurge Domine
6938:
6933:
6927:
6925:
6916:
6913:
6912:
6910:
6909:
6904:
6899:
6894:
6889:
6884:
6882:Pope Clement V
6879:
6878:
6877:
6875:Avignon Papacy
6870:Western Schism
6867:
6862:
6860:Thomas Aquinas
6856:
6854:
6848:
6847:
6845:
6844:
6839:
6834:
6829:
6824:
6819:
6814:
6809:
6804:
6799:
6794:
6789:
6784:
6779:
6774:
6769:
6764:
6758:
6756:
6750:
6749:
6747:
6746:
6741:
6736:
6731:
6726:
6721:
6716:
6714:Saint Boniface
6711:
6706:
6701:
6699:Pope Gregory I
6696:
6691:
6686:
6680:
6678:
6672:
6671:
6668:
6667:
6664:
6663:
6661:
6660:
6655:
6650:
6645:
6640:
6638:Biblical canon
6635:
6630:
6625:
6620:
6615:
6610:
6605:
6604:
6603:
6592:
6590:
6571:
6567:Late antiquity
6559:
6558:
6556:
6555:
6550:
6545:
6540:
6535:
6534:
6533:
6528:
6527:
6526:
6521:
6516:
6514:Pope Clement I
6504:Church Fathers
6501:
6495:
6493:
6486:
6485:
6483:
6482:
6481:
6480:
6475:
6470:
6465:
6460:
6455:
6445:
6440:
6435:
6430:
6429:
6428:
6423:
6418:
6413:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6387:
6386:
6381:
6376:
6371:
6360:
6358:
6343:
6335:
6334:
6332:
6331:
6326:
6321:
6316:
6311:
6310:
6309:
6304:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6274:
6273:
6272:
6267:
6265:Biblical canon
6260:Catholic Bible
6257:
6256:
6255:
6245:
6244:
6243:
6233:
6228:
6223:
6222:
6221:
6210:
6208:
6202:
6201:
6190:
6189:
6182:
6175:
6167:
6158:
6157:
6155:
6154:
6144:
6131:
6128:
6127:
6125:
6124:
6119:
6114:
6109:
6106:
6100:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6064:
6062:
6056:
6055:
6053:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6037:
6035:Legion of Mary
6032:
6027:
6022:
6017:
6012:
6007:
6002:
5997:
5992:
5987:
5986:
5985:
5984:
5983:
5973:
5972:
5971:
5964:Lay Carmelites
5961:
5951:
5950:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5934:
5923:
5921:
5913:
5912:
5910:
5909:
5904:
5899:
5894:
5889:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5869:
5864:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5834:
5829:
5824:
5819:
5814:
5812:Conceptionists
5809:
5804:
5799:
5794:
5789:
5784:
5779:
5774:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5749:
5747:Assumptionists
5743:
5741:
5726:
5725:
5723:
5722:
5715:
5708:
5701:
5698:
5697:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5676:
5670:
5668:
5662:
5661:
5659:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5645:
5640:
5635:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5614:
5613:
5603:
5598:
5593:
5592:
5591:
5580:
5578:
5572:
5571:
5568:
5567:
5565:
5564:
5563:
5562:
5561:
5560:
5555:
5550:
5545:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5515:
5514:
5513:
5512:
5511:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5470:
5468:
5462:
5461:
5459:
5458:
5457:
5456:
5451:
5449:Syro-Malankara
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5399:Italo-Albanian
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5331:
5325:
5323:
5313:
5312:
5310:
5309:
5308:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5287:
5282:
5281:
5280:
5270:
5269:
5268:
5263:
5253:
5248:
5247:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5217:
5210:
5208:
5202:
5201:
5199:
5198:
5193:
5188:
5183:
5182:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5166:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5126:
5125:
5124:
5119:
5108:
5106:
5095:
5094:
5092:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5069:Lateran Treaty
5066:
5061:
5056:
5050:
5048:
5042:
5041:
5039:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5027:
5026:
5016:
5015:
5014:
5009:
4995:
4990:
4981:
4979:
4964:
4938:
4937:
4935:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4888:
4887:
4882:
4871:
4869:
4863:
4862:
4860:
4859:
4858:
4857:
4852:
4842:
4841:
4840:
4830:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4805:Moral theology
4802:
4796:
4794:
4788:
4787:
4784:
4783:
4781:
4780:
4775:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4731:
4729:
4723:
4722:
4720:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4708:
4707:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4676:
4674:
4668:
4667:
4665:
4664:
4659:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4635:
4630:
4629:
4628:
4623:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4595:
4593:
4587:
4586:
4584:
4583:
4578:
4577:
4576:
4569:
4564:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4505:
4504:
4499:
4488:
4486:
4479:
4457:
4456:
4453:
4452:
4450:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4403:
4402:
4401:
4400:
4390:
4379:
4377:
4371:
4370:
4368:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4320:Pope Gregory I
4317:
4311:
4309:
4303:
4302:
4300:
4299:
4294:
4292:Biblical canon
4289:
4287:Late antiquity
4284:
4283:
4282:
4277:
4267:
4262:
4256:
4254:
4248:
4247:
4245:
4244:
4243:
4242:
4232:
4231:
4230:
4223:Church fathers
4220:
4219:
4218:
4213:
4203:
4202:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4175:
4173:
4164:
4157:Ecclesiastical
4144:
4143:
4141:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4119:
4116:
4115:
4108:
4107:
4100:
4093:
4085:
4076:
4075:
4073:
4072:
4060:
4047:
4044:
4043:
4040:
4039:
4037:
4036:
4035:
4034:
4028:
4016:
4013:Roman Question
4010:
4004:
4003:(c. 1640–1740)
3998:
3995:Baroque Papacy
3992:
3986:
3979:
3977:
3971:
3970:
3968:
3967:
3964:Western Schism
3961:
3958:Avignon Papacy
3955:
3954:
3953:
3947:
3941:
3932:
3926:
3919:
3917:
3911:
3910:
3908:
3907:
3904:Crescentii era
3901:
3893:
3887:
3881:
3875:
3874:
3873:
3860:
3858:
3847:
3841:
3840:
3838:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3710:Alexander VIII
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3661:
3659:
3655:
3654:
3652:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3375:
3373:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3093:Anastasius III
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2974:
2972:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2472:
2470:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2462:
2457:
2456:
2455:
2445:
2440:
2439:
2438:
2433:
2425:
2420:
2419:
2418:
2413:
2402:
2399:
2398:
2387:
2386:
2379:
2372:
2364:
2356:
2355:
2352:Alexander VIII
2350:
2347:
2338:
2333:
2329:
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2246:Acknowledgment
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1211:Main article:
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1159:Moral theology
1157:
1131:
1128:
1101:Prince-elector
1093:Joseph Clemens
1065:
1062:
1048:, the King of
1031:excommunicated
1009:Tachard, with
946:
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669:Pope Clement X
649:Main article:
646:
643:
641:
638:
490:
487:
427:Innocentius XI
414:
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343:7 October 1956
341:
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330:Title as Saint
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283:
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258:(aged 78)
254:12 August 1689
252:
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244:Duchy of Milan
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109:Alexander VIII
106:
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90:12 August 1689
88:
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66:
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58:
50:
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47:Bishop of Rome
43:
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39:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7598:
7587:
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7564:
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7559:
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7552:
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7541:Italian popes
7539:
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7534:
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7529:
7527:
7524:
7522:
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7518:
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7506:
7496:
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7364:
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7319:
7317:
7314:
7312:
7309:
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7294:
7291:
7290:
7289:
7286:
7284:
7281:
7279:
7276:
7274:
7271:
7269:
7268:Mother Teresa
7266:
7264:
7261:
7258:
7254:
7251:
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7217:
7215:
7212:
7210:
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7205:
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7200:
7197:
7195:
7194:Pope Pius XII
7192:
7190:
7187:
7185:
7182:
7180:
7177:
7176:
7174:
7172:
7168:
7162:
7161:
7160:Rerum novarum
7157:
7155:
7152:
7150:
7147:
7145:
7144:Pope Leo XIII
7142:
7140:
7137:
7135:
7132:
7130:
7127:
7125:
7122:
7120:
7117:
7115:
7114:United States
7112:
7110:
7107:
7105:
7104:Pope Pius VII
7102:
7101:
7099:
7095:
7089:
7086:
7084:
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7079:
7076:
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6808:
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6798:
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6787:Scholasticism
6785:
6783:
6780:
6778:
6775:
6773:
6770:
6768:
6765:
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6762:Pope Urban II
6760:
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6538:Justin Martyr
6536:
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6507:
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6456:
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6449:
6448:New Testament
6446:
6444:
6441:
6439:
6436:
6434:
6431:
6427:
6424:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6411:Commissioning
6409:
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6399:
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6389:
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6356:
6355:Apostolic Age
6351:
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6340:
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6330:
6327:
6325:
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6241:Papal primacy
6239:
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6083:Home Missions
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5998:
5996:
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5988:
5982:
5979:
5978:
5977:
5976:Saint Francis
5974:
5970:
5967:
5966:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5959:Saint Dominic
5957:
5956:
5955:
5952:
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5798:
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5778:
5775:
5773:
5772:Bethlehemites
5770:
5768:
5765:
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5709:
5707:
5706:
5702:
5699:
5695:
5694:Vatican Radio
5692:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5681:
5680:
5679:Vatican Media
5677:
5675:
5672:
5671:
5669:
5667:
5663:
5657:
5654:
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5608:
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5599:
5597:
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5590:
5587:
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5516:
5510:
5507:
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5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5476:
5475:
5472:
5471:
5469:
5467:
5463:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5336:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5326:
5324:
5322:
5318:
5314:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5292:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5279:
5276:
5275:
5274:
5271:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5258:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5226:
5223:
5222:
5221:
5218:
5215:
5212:
5211:
5209:
5207:
5203:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5131:
5130:
5127:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5114:
5113:
5110:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5100:
5096:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5051:
5049:
5047:
5043:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5025:
5022:
5021:
5020:
5017:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5004:
5003:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4983:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4976:List of popes
4972:
4968:
4965:
4962:
4958:
4954:
4950:
4946:
4939:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4877:
4876:
4873:
4872:
4870:
4868:
4864:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4847:
4846:
4843:
4839:
4836:
4835:
4834:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4797:
4795:
4793:
4789:
4779:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4760:Mother of God
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4732:
4730:
4728:
4724:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4706:
4703:
4702:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4677:
4675:
4673:
4669:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4657:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4645:People of God
4643:
4641:
4640:
4636:
4634:
4633:Infallibility
4631:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4618:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4601:
4597:
4596:
4594:
4592:
4588:
4582:
4579:
4575:
4574:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4559:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4509:Body and soul
4507:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4494:
4493:
4490:
4489:
4487:
4483:
4480:
4477:
4476:
4471:
4467:
4462:
4458:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4412:Enlightenment
4410:
4408:
4405:
4399:
4396:
4395:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4385:
4384:
4383:Protestantism
4381:
4380:
4378:
4376:
4372:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4360:Scholasticism
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4345:Schism (1378)
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4330:Schism (1054)
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4312:
4310:
4308:
4304:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4272:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4253:
4249:
4241:
4238:
4237:
4236:
4233:
4229:
4226:
4225:
4224:
4221:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4208:
4207:
4204:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4181:
4180:
4177:
4176:
4174:
4172:
4168:
4165:
4162:
4158:
4154:
4149:
4145:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4120:
4117:
4113:
4106:
4101:
4099:
4094:
4092:
4087:
4086:
4083:
4071:
4070:
4065:
4061:
4059:
4058:
4049:
4048:
4045:
4032:
4029:
4026:
4023:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4014:
4011:
4008:
4005:
4002:
3999:
3996:
3993:
3990:
3987:
3984:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3972:
3965:
3962:
3959:
3956:
3951:
3948:
3945:
3942:
3939:
3936:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3927:
3924:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3914:High and Late
3912:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3898:
3894:
3891:
3888:
3885:
3882:
3879:
3876:
3871:
3868:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3861:
3859:
3857:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3842:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3730:Benedict XIII
3728:
3726:
3725:Innocent XIII
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3690:Alexander VII
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3660:
3656:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3559:Innocent VIII
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3539:Callixtus III
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3459:Boniface VIII
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3370:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3358:Celestine III
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3333:Alexander III
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3323:Anastasius IV
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3223:Sylvester III
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3208:Benedict VIII
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2975:
2973:
2969:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
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2785:
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2780:
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2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
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2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2732:Anastasius II
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2679:
2677:
2673:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2467:
2461:
2458:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2449:
2448:Pope emeritus
2446:
2444:
2441:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2428:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2408:
2407:
2406:List of popes
2404:
2403:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2385:
2380:
2378:
2373:
2371:
2366:
2365:
2362:
2353:
2344:
2343:
2336:
2330:
2327:
2323:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2309:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2271:
2270:
2265:
2259:
2258:public domain
2250:
2249:
2239:
2238:
2232:
2228:
2222:
2218:
2213:
2212:
2205:
2204:
2183:
2177:
2171:
2167:
2162:
2146:
2142:Kerr, David.
2139:
2137:
2120:
2116:
2110:
2102:
2096:
2094:
2079:
2075:
2072:Kerr, David.
2068:
2061:
2055:
2039:
2033:
2026:
2020:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2000:
1984:
1978:
1976:
1959:
1953:
1938:
1932:
1916:
1910:
1895:
1891:
1890:
1883:
1867:
1861:
1854:
1850:
1849:Crane Brinton
1845:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1824:
1818:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1795:
1784:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1763:
1747:
1741:
1725:
1719:
1703:
1697:
1695:
1678:
1672:
1656:
1650:
1634:
1628:
1624:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1596:
1592:
1591:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1579:
1578:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1566:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1550:
1544:
1542:
1538:
1537:Pope Pius XII
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1509:beatification
1501:
1497:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1443:
1440:
1439:Pope Pius XII
1436:
1432:
1428:
1426:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1396:
1392:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1352:
1347:
1339:
1334:
1329:Beatification
1326:
1324:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1300:
1297:
1292:
1289:
1285:
1280:
1279:kidney stones
1268:
1263:
1255:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1214:
1204:
1202:
1198:
1193:
1191:
1190:Pope Sixtus V
1180:
1178:
1174:
1171:
1156:
1154:
1150:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1127:
1124:
1120:
1115:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1074:
1070:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1042:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1016:
1012:
1007:
1003:
1001:
997:
992:
990:
986:
981:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
962:
951:
942:
939:
935:
931:
927:
917:
915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
869:
854:
850:
848:
844:
840:
830:
828:
824:
819:
817:
813:
809:
805:
804:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
774:
770:
766:
762:
748:
745:
741:
737:
733:
730:Your Holiness
729:
725:
722:
719:
717:
713:
709:
704:
701:
691:
688:
686:
682:
676:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
652:
637:
635:
631:
630:1655 conclave
627:
623:
619:
610:
606:
604:
600:
596:
595:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
561:
559:
555:
550:
548:
544:
540:
536:
531:
527:
522:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
495:
486:
484:
483:Pope Pius XII
480:
475:
473:
469:
464:
460:
455:
450:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
412:
408:
402:
398:
395:
393:
390:
389:
387:
383:
377:
374:
372:
369:
366:
365:
363:
359:
356:
355:Pope Pius XII
351:
347:
342:
338:
335:
332:
328:
325:
322:
318:
311:
307:
304:
303:
301:
297:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
273:
269:
266:
262:
253:
249:
245:
241:
224:
220:
215:
212:
206:
202:
196:
192:
189:
183:
179:
174:
167:
164:
161:
158:
155:
152:
149:
146:
143:
139:
136:
133:
130:
126:
123:
120:
119:
117:
113:
110:
107:
103:
100:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
74:
71:
67:
62:
56:
51:
48:
44:
36:
31:
19:
7481:Christianity
7437:
7382:
7378:Pope Francis
7304:21st century
7253:Pope Paul VI
7230:
7218:
7171:20th century
7158:
7109:Pope Pius IX
7097:19th century
7073:Pope Pius VI
7047:
6940:
6812:Latin Empire
6782:Universities
6734:Pope Leo III
6601:Christianity
6586:state church
6578:Great Church
6379:Resurrection
6342:(30–325/476)
6339:Early Church
6324:Latin Church
6319:Papal States
6314:Vatican City
6122:Universities
5954:Third orders
5917:Associations
5907:Visitandines
5902:Trinitarians
5852:Mercedarians
5837:Hieronymites
5782:Camaldoleses
5767:Benedictines
5757:Augustinians
5717:
5710:
5703:
5684:Vatican News
5638:Distinctions
5444:Syro-Malabar
5329:Latin Church
5251:Grand master
5149:Metropolitan
5046:Vatican City
4941:Organisation
4820:Philosophers
4685:Confirmation
4662:In canon law
4656:Subsistit in
4654:
4650:Three states
4637:
4598:
4591:Ecclesiology
4573:Nova Vulgata
4571:
4529:Original sin
4524:Nicene Creed
4514:Divine grace
4473:
4355:Universities
4325:Papal States
4252:Great Church
4194:Resurrection
4171:Early Church
4067:
4055:
4025:World War II
4019:Vatican City
3895:
3866:(until 493)
3830:Benedict XVI
3825:John Paul II
3745:Clement XIII
3740:Benedict XIV
3715:Innocent XII
3704:
3649:Clement VIII
3624:Gregory XIII
3604:Marcellus II
3564:Alexander VI
3514:Innocent VII
3479:Benedict XII
3434:Nicholas III
3399:Alexander IV
3389:Celestine IV
3379:Honorius III
3363:Innocent III
3348:Gregory VIII
3308:Celestine II
3293:Callixtus II
3263:Alexander II
3188:Sylvester II
3168:Benedict VII
3128:Stephen VIII
3013:Benedict III
2867:Adeodatus II
2812:Boniface III
2666:Anastasius I
2340:
2267:
2236:
2210:
2188:27 September
2186:. Retrieved
2176:
2165:
2161:
2149:. Retrieved
2123:. Retrieved
2119:the original
2109:
2100:
2081:. Retrieved
2077:
2067:
2059:
2054:
2042:. Retrieved
2032:
2024:
2019:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1987:. Retrieved
1962:. Retrieved
1952:
1940:. Retrieved
1931:
1919:. Retrieved
1909:
1899:16 September
1897:. Retrieved
1888:
1882:
1870:. Retrieved
1860:
1852:
1844:
1822:
1817:
1793:
1786:. Retrieved
1772:
1762:
1750:. Retrieved
1740:
1728:. Retrieved
1718:
1706:. Retrieved
1681:. Retrieved
1671:
1659:. Retrieved
1649:
1637:. Retrieved
1627:
1588:
1580:
1570:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1545:
1506:
1472:Papal attire
1435:Vatican City
1408:Papal States
1320:
1301:
1293:
1288:Flavio Chigi
1276:
1241:in 1681 and
1236:
1219:consistories
1216:
1207:Consistories
1196:
1194:
1186:
1172:
1167:
1133:
1123:papal nuncio
1116:
1105:
1078:
1043:
1020:
993:
982:
959:
956:
934:Duke of York
923:
871:
851:
836:
820:
815:
807:
801:
758:
727:Spoken style
721:His Holiness
697:
677:
654:
615:
592:
562:
551:
523:
511:Giulio Maria
500:
479:canonization
476:
451:
447:Papal States
438:
435:Innocenzo XI
418:
417:
350:Vatican City
320:Venerated in
282:Coat of arms
274:
265:Papal States
256:(1689-08-12)
207:6 March 1645
194:Consecration
127:Governor of
87:Papacy ended
79:Papacy began
59:Portrait by
35:Pope Blessed
7531:1689 deaths
7526:1611 births
7469:Catholicism
7384:Laudato si'
7179:Pope Pius X
7008:Philip Neri
6983:Pope Pius V
6958:Thomas More
6827:Inquisition
6729:Charlemagne
6689:Monasticism
6499:Persecution
6391:Holy Spirit
6374:Crucifixion
6253:First seven
6112:Health care
6098:Pax Christi
6050:Schoenstatt
6015:Sant'Egidio
5847:Legionaries
5827:Franciscans
5802:Cistercians
5797:Carthusians
5752:Annonciades
5611:Altarpieces
5504:West Syriac
5499:East Syriac
5479:Alexandrian
5103:Holy orders
5084:Swiss Guard
5024:Dicasteries
5019:Roman Curia
4917:Evangelists
4875:Holy Family
4810:Personalism
4800:Natural law
4778:Josephology
4712:Holy orders
4350:Inquisition
4307:Middle Ages
4297:Monasticism
4265:Constantine
4189:Crucifixion
4033:(1945–1991)
4027:(1939–1945)
4015:(1870–1929)
4009:(1775–1848)
3997:(1585–1689)
3991:(1534–1585)
3985:(1417–1534)
3966:(1378–1417)
3960:(1309–1378)
3952:, 1228–1304
3946:, 1262–1297
3940:, 1257–1281
3931:(1048–1257)
3916:Middle Ages
3856:Middle Ages
3820:John Paul I
3795:Benedict XV
3775:Gregory XVI
3750:Clement XIV
3735:Clement XII
3705:Innocent XI
3644:Innocent IX
3639:Gregory XIV
3589:Clement VII
3519:Gregory XII
3509:Boniface IX
3489:Innocent VI
3464:Benedict XI
3454:Celestine V
3449:Nicholas IV
3444:Honorius IV
3394:Innocent IV
3353:Clement III
3303:Innocent II
3298:Honorius II
3288:Gelasius II
3268:Gregory VII
3258:Nicholas II
3218:Benedict IX
3163:Benedict VI
3138:Agapetus II
3113:Stephen VII
3088:Sergius III
3078:Benedict IV
3068:Theodore II
3053:Boniface VI
2952:Stephen III
2932:Gregory III
2922:Constantine
2887:Benedict II
2822:Adeodatus I
2817:Boniface IV
2797:Pelagius II
2757:Boniface II
2697:Celestine I
2636:Sylvester I
2621:Marcellus I
2616:Marcellinus
2551:Callixtus I
2536:Eleutherius
2511:Telesphorus
2501:Alexander I
2423:Papal names
1989:29 December
1683:28 February
1575:Encyclicals
1525:Clement XII
1476:Papal tiara
1377:16 May 1611
1343:Innocent XI
1054:Guy Tachard
874:Holy League
738:Holy Father
683:, Cardinal
681:protodeacon
459:Roman Curia
376:Papal tiara
308:13 August (
236:16 May 1611
168:(1659–1676)
162:(1645–1659)
156:(1660–1661)
150:(1650–1656)
144:(1648–1651)
137:(1647–1650)
131:(1644–1645)
124:(1642–1645)
95:Predecessor
40:Innocent XI
18:Innocent XI
7515:Categories
7257:coronation
6963:Pope Leo X
6548:Tertullian
6478:Revelation
6453:Background
5867:Oratorians
5822:Dominicans
5792:Carmelites
5787:Camillians
5735:institutes
5548:Tridentine
5484:Antiochian
5404:Macedonian
5349:Belarusian
5239:Provincial
5154:Archbishop
5074:Roman Rota
5036:Properties
4961:By country
4957:Precedence
4922:Confessors
4902:Archangels
4892:Patriarchs
4792:Philosophy
4770:Veneration
4735:Assumption
4705:Last rites
4672:Sacraments
4616:Four marks
4427:Vatican II
4375:Modern era
4211:Succession
3976:Modern Era
3906:(974–1012)
3810:John XXIII
3720:Clement XI
3695:Clement IX
3685:Innocent X
3680:Urban VIII
3675:Gregory XV
3599:Julius III
3534:Nicholas V
3499:Gregory XI
3484:Clement VI
3419:Innocent V
3409:Clement IV
3384:Gregory IX
3338:Lucius III
3318:Eugene III
3283:Paschal II
3273:Victor III
3253:Stephen IX
3238:Damasus II
3233:Clement II
3228:Gregory VI
3203:Sergius IV
3198:John XVIII
3148:Benedict V
3133:Marinus II
3058:Stephen VI
3038:Adrian III
3018:Nicholas I
3003:Sergius II
2998:Gregory IV
2978:Stephen IV
2942:Stephen II
2927:Gregory II
2847:Theodore I
2832:Honorius I
2827:Boniface V
2792:Benedict I
2782:Pelagius I
2767:Agapetus I
2727:Gelasius I
2717:Simplicius
2702:Sixtus III
2692:Boniface I
2682:Innocent I
2546:Zephyrinus
2460:Pope-elect
2436:non-extant
2201:References
2083:2020-07-26
1839:Kelly, 288
1812:Kelly, 287
1613:Odescalchi
1565:Imprimatur
1517:Clement XI
1467:Attributes
1170:papal bull
930:Parliament
788:and other
526:Odescalchi
489:Early life
361:Attributes
232:1611-05-16
211:Innocent X
181:Ordination
140:Legate of
7457:Biography
7273:Communism
7243:Ecumenism
6589:(380–451)
6581:(180–451)
6570:(313–476)
6492:(100–325)
6108:See also:
6060:Charities
5969:Discalced
5897:Trappists
5892:Theatines
5862:Olivetans
5807:Clarisses
5777:Blue nuns
5762:Basilians
5739:societies
5647:See also:
5533:Mozarabic
5523:Ambrosian
5509:Malankara
5494:Byzantine
5454:Ukrainian
5429:Ruthenian
5394:Hungarian
5379:Ethiopian
5354:Bulgarian
5321:sui iuris
5305:Postulant
5214:Religious
5169:Auxiliary
5164:Coadjutor
5134:Patriarch
5002:Cardinals
4949:Canon law
4945:Hierarchy
4927:Disciples
4850:Relations
4838:Evolution
4829:See also:
4774:See also:
4727:Mariology
4717:Matrimony
4690:Eucharist
4611:Ecumenism
4539:Salvation
4475:Catechism
4470:Tradition
4432:Communism
4280:Chalcedon
3900:(904–964)
3892:(756–857)
3886:(537–752)
3880:(493–537)
3872:(312–337)
3770:Pius VIII
3700:Clement X
3634:Urban VII
3584:Adrian VI
3574:Julius II
3554:Sixtus IV
3529:Eugene IV
3474:John XXII
3469:Clement V
3439:Martin IV
3414:Gregory X
3343:Urban III
3328:Adrian IV
3313:Lucius II
3248:Victor II
3193:John XVII
3183:Gregory V
3158:John XIII
3043:Stephen V
3033:Marinus I
3028:John VIII
3023:Adrian II
2993:Valentine
2988:Eugene II
2983:Paschal I
2917:Sisinnius
2902:Sergius I
2837:Severinus
2802:Gregory I
2772:Silverius
2742:Hormisdas
2737:Symmachus
2722:Felix III
2656:Damasus I
2631:Miltiades
2606:Eutychian
2596:Dionysius
2591:Sixtus II
2586:Stephen I
2576:Cornelius
2496:Evaristus
2491:Clement I
2486:Anacletus
2416:canonised
2411:graphical
2335:Clement X
1541:venerable
1529:Jansenism
1487:Patronage
1455:13 August
1451:12 August
1425:Beatified
1366:Confessor
1108:Leopold I
1035:interdict
1000:Huguenots
966:Languedoc
884:and King
667:). After
569:civil law
535:Nuremberg
463:sinecures
385:Patronage
340:Beatified
305:12 August
299:Feast day
294:Sainthood
105:Successor
99:Clement X
7283:HIV/AIDS
6777:Crusades
6531:Irenaeus
6524:Ignatius
6519:Polycarp
6369:Ministry
6357:(30–100)
6231:Timeline
6152:Category
6045:Opus Dei
6030:Scouting
6020:Focolare
5887:Servites
5872:Piarists
5817:Crosiers
5553:Anglican
5489:Armenian
5419:Romanian
5409:Maronite
5384:Georgian
5374:Eritrean
5359:Chaldean
5344:Armenian
5339:Albanian
5220:Superior
5179:Emeritus
5159:Diocesan
5012:Advisers
4971:Holy See
4897:Prophets
4855:Politics
4626:Catholic
4606:Councils
4461:Theology
4340:Crusades
4275:Nicaea I
4206:Apostles
4184:Ministry
4153:Timeline
4133:Glossary
4057:Category
4031:Cold War
3805:Pius XII
3785:Leo XIII
3760:Pius VII
3629:Sixtus V
3594:Paul III
3569:Pius III
3524:Martin V
3504:Urban VI
3429:John XXI
3424:Adrian V
3404:Urban IV
3278:Urban II
3213:John XIX
3173:John XIV
3153:Leo VIII
3143:John XII
3048:Formosus
2957:Adrian I
2912:John VII
2862:Vitalian
2857:Eugene I
2852:Martin I
2807:Sabinian
2787:John III
2777:Vigilius
2752:Felix IV
2712:Hilarius
2661:Siricius
2651:Liberius
2646:Julius I
2626:Eusebius
2581:Lucius I
2541:Victor I
2526:Anicetus
2506:Sixtus I
2443:Antipope
2308:Archived
1964:11 April
1942:11 April
1921:11 April
1872:11 April
1752:18 March
1730:18 March
1708:18 March
1661:23 March
1639:23 March
1602:See also
1384:Lombardy
1296:Viaticum
1267:Budapest
1177:abortion
1164:Abortion
1144:James II
1052:, under
978:Dauphiné
974:Provence
827:quietist
792:(mostly
790:casuists
765:nepotism
645:Election
581:Macerata
353:by
186:by
129:Macerata
7493:History
7443:Portals
7248:Judaism
6648:Vulgate
6458:Gospels
6433:Stephen
6350:Origins
6270:Vulgate
6206:General
6196:of the
6194:History
6117:Schools
6073:Caritas
5981:Secular
5947:Workers
5842:Jesuits
5628:Museums
5623:Library
5601:Writers
5596:Artists
5576:Culture
5543:Paul VI
5424:Russian
5414:Melkite
5256:Brother
5234:General
5174:Titular
5144:Primate
5122:Eparchy
5112:Diocese
5059:Outline
4998:College
4988:Francis
4932:Virgins
4907:Martyrs
4833:Science
4740:History
4695:Penance
4680:Baptism
4581:Worship
4554:Vulgate
4502:Kingdom
4497:Trinity
4485:General
4240:Primacy
4148:History
4128:Outline
3950:Perugia
3944:Orvieto
3938:Viterbo
3835:Francis
3815:Paul VI
3800:Pius XI
3780:Pius IX
3765:Leo XII
3755:Pius VI
3614:Pius IV
3609:Paul IV
3549:Paul II
3544:Pius II
3494:Urban V
3178:John XV
3123:Leo VII
3118:John XI
3073:John IX
3063:Romanus
2962:Leo III
2937:Zachary
2907:John VI
2842:John IV
2762:John II
2687:Zosimus
2601:Felix I
2566:Anterus
2561:Pontian
2556:Urban I
2516:Hyginus
2393:of the
2260::
2151:17 June
2125:21 June
2044:21 June
1773:Hungary
1595:Molinos
1480:Camauro
1459:Hungary
1338:Blessed
1119:Avignon
1087:, then
1011:Siamese
970:Guyenne
910:Hungary
906:Austria
880:of the
800:in his
782:Escobar
747:Blessed
626:diocese
603:Ferrara
554:Jesuits
507:Gandino
472:Turkish
468:Hungary
431:Italian
371:Camauro
334:Blessed
310:Hungary
142:Ferrara
63:, 1670s
7214:Nazism
7036:to the
6643:Jerome
6553:Origen
6236:Papacy
5995:Fimcap
5937:Marian
5857:Minims
5589:Marian
5439:Syriac
5434:Slovak
5364:Coptic
5300:Oblate
5295:Master
5290:Novice
5285:Hermit
5273:Sister
5229:Abbess
5196:Deacon
5191:Priest
5186:Parish
5129:Bishop
5099:Polity
4885:Joseph
4867:Saints
4534:Saints
4422:Nazism
3790:Pius X
3670:Paul V
3665:Leo XI
3619:Pius V
3243:Leo IX
3108:Leo VI
3103:John X
3008:Leo IV
2947:Paul I
2892:John V
2882:Leo II
2877:Agatho
2747:John I
2571:Fabian
2521:Pius I
2431:extant
2427:Tombs
2223:
1985:. CSUN
1779:
1748:. NNDB
1091:, and
976:, and
961:régale
894:Vienna
878:states
798:Pascal
794:Jesuit
786:Suarez
661:French
640:Papacy
599:legate
565:Naples
545:, and
543:Kraków
176:Orders
69:Church
7576:Popes
7505:Italy
7316:Islam
6584:Roman
6543:Canon
6416:Peter
6364:Jesus
6093:CIDSE
5942:Youth
5666:Media
5633:Music
5558:Zaire
5538:Roman
5528:Braga
5518:Latin
5389:Greek
5261:Friar
5225:Abbot
5139:Major
5054:Index
4953:Laity
4519:Dogma
4466:Bible
4442:Islam
4398:Trent
4179:Jesus
4161:Legal
4123:Index
3579:Leo X
3098:Lando
3083:Leo V
2897:Conon
2872:Donus
2707:Leo I
2611:Caius
2531:Soter
2481:Linus
2476:Peter
2391:Popes
1788:6 May
1619:Notes
1446:Feast
1046:Narai
1015:Narai
898:Turks
806:) as
778:opera
773:laity
769:scudi
761:Curia
539:Milan
530:Genoa
470:from
423:Latin
271:Motto
7366:2023
7361:2019
7356:2016
7351:2013
7346:2011
7341:2008
7336:2005
7331:2002
7326:2000
7293:1995
6463:Acts
6426:Paul
6421:John
6396:Mary
5618:Folk
5266:Monk
5007:List
4985:Pope
4880:Mary
2641:Mark
2342:Pope
2221:ISBN
2190:2015
2153:2011
2127:2011
2046:2011
2008:Rome
1991:2015
1966:2015
1944:2015
1923:2015
1901:2019
1874:2015
1790:2015
1777:ISBN
1754:2014
1732:2014
1710:2014
1685:2022
1663:2015
1641:2015
1404:Rome
1394:Died
1380:Como
1372:Born
1362:Pope
1056:and
1050:Siam
1037:the
908:and
839:Jews
665:veto
547:Rome
524:The
503:Como
261:Rome
251:Died
240:Como
222:Born
6352:and
6302:Art
5932:Lay
5584:Art
5278:Nun
5000:of
4492:God
2266:".
1437:by
888:of
622:see
601:to
209:by
7517::
5737:,
5227:,
2219:.
2215:.
2135:^
2092:^
2076:.
1974:^
1894:12
1830:^
1801:^
1792:.
1771:.
1693:^
1433:,
1406:,
1402:,
1386:,
1382:,
1364:;
1325:.
1155:.
972:,
968:,
784:,
687:.
636:.
549:.
541:,
537:,
521:.
485:.
433::
429:;
425::
348:,
263:,
242:,
7445::
7259:)
7255:(
6186:e
6179:t
6172:v
5732:,
5216::
5105:)
5101:(
4978:)
4974:(
4104:e
4097:t
4090:v
2383:e
2376:t
2369:v
2229:.
2192:.
2155:.
2129:.
2086:.
2048:.
1993:.
1968:.
1946:.
1925:.
1903:.
1876:.
1756:.
1734:.
1712:.
1687:.
1665:.
1643:.
1597:)
1461:)
1457:(
814:(
421:(
312:)
234:)
230:(
20:)
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