Infant baptism - Knowledge

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given the benefit of the Christian upbringing required by the sacrament. Examples of such assurances are "the choice of godparents who will take sincere care of the child, or the support of the community". If there is satisfactory assurance, i.e., "any pledge giving a well-founded hope for the Christian upbringing of the children", then "the priest cannot refuse to celebrate the sacrament without delay, as in the case of children of Christian families". If there is insufficient assurance, "it will be prudent to delay baptism", while keeping contact with the parents in the hope of securing the required conditions for celebrating the sacrament. As a last resort, enrollment of the child in a course of catechetical instruction on reaching school age can be offered in lieu of immediate celebration of baptism. The possibility of delaying infant baptism in the case of non practicing or non believing parents raises a number of questions. How can we discern that there are guarantees of an authentic Christian education? Can a priest propose an alternative celebration in the case where baptism is to be delayed? In some German speaking countries, bishops have opened the door to a "two step baptism", i.e. two celebrations separated by a time of evangelization of the parents. In this case, the rite of baptism itself is to be performed in the second celebration, when parents are supposed to have enough maturity to raise the child in the Catholic faith.

1866:"For He came to save all through means of Himself—all, I say, who through Him are born again to God—infants, and children, and boys, and youths, and old men. He therefore passed through every age, becoming an infant for infants, thus sanctifying infants; a child for children, thus sanctifying those who are of this age, being at the same time made to them an example of piety, righteousness, and submission; a youth for youths, becoming an example to youths, and thus sanctifying them for the Lord. So likewise He was an old man for old men, that He might be a perfect Master for all, not merely as respects the setting forth of the truth, but also as regards age, sanctifying at the same time the aged also, and becoming an example to them likewise. Then, at last, He came on to death itself, that He might be "the first-born from the dead, that in all things He might have the pre-eminence," the Prince of life, existing before all, and going before all." Irenaeus of Lyons. (1885). Irenæus against Heresies. In A. Roberts, J. Donaldson, & A. C. Coxe (Eds.), The Ante-Nicene Fathers: The Apostolic Fathers with Justin Martyr and Irenaeus (Vol. 1, p. 391). Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Company. 2829:

children, pastors should make sure that their prayers include clear gratitude to God for the fact that he is already at work in the life of that child, who already "belongs" in the Christian community. Here's what must be stressed: whether at the time of baptism (in the adult baptism tradition) or at the time of confirmation when the vows made earlier by the parents are personally "owned" (in the infant baptism tradition), it is faith in Jesus (dependent trust, not mere cognitive affirmation) that is crucial. Paul goes so far as to say that without faith and obedience, the old rite of circumcision has no value (Romans 2:25). The same is true of baptism. With either rite, clear evangelistic follow-through is crucial.

801:" through which God creates and strengthens "saving faith" as the "washing of regeneration" in which people are reborn (John 3:3–7): "baptismal regeneration". Since the creation of faith is exclusively God's work, it does not depend on the actions of the one baptized, whether infant or adult. Even though baptized infants cannot articulate that faith, Lutherans believe that it is present all the same. Because it is faith alone that receives these divine gifts, Lutherans confess that baptism "works forgiveness of sins, delivers from death and the devil, and gives eternal salvation to all who believe this, as the words and promises of God declare". In the special section on infant baptism in his 830: 1208:. These "infant conscripts ... are held to lifelong obligations of obedience" without their understanding or consent. "Parents can guide and direct but they can't impose, and what the church has failed to do is to recognize that there has to be a point at which our young people, as adults who have been baptized into the church and raised in the faith, have the chance to say 'I validate this' or 'I repudiate this'. You and I know, we live now in times where we have the right to freedom of conscience, freedom of belief, freedom of opinion, freedom of religion and freedom to change religion. The Catholic Church yet has to fully embrace that thinking." 636:. Infant baptism is seen as showing very clearly that salvation is an unmerited favor from God, not the fruit of human effort. "Born with a fallen human nature and tainted by original sin, children also have need of the new birth in Baptism to be freed from the power of darkness and brought into the realm of the freedom of the children of God, to which all men are called ... The Church and the parents would deny a child the priceless grace of becoming a child of God were they not to confer Baptism shortly after birth". 619:

of the Church. There is explicit testimony to this practice from the second century on, and it is quite possible that, from the beginning of the apostolic preaching, when whole 'households' received baptism, infants may also have been baptized". It notes that "when the first direct evidence of infant Baptism appears in the second century, it is never presented as an innovation", that 2nd-century Irenaeus treated baptism of infants as a matter of course, and that, "at a Synod of African Bishops, St.

1225: 683: 2051:"The delay of baptism is preferable; principally, however, in the case of little children. For why is it necessary . . . that the sponsors likewise should be thrust into danger? . . . For no less cause must the unwedded also be deferred—in whom the ground of temptation is prepared, alike in such as never were wedded by means of their maturity, and in the widowed by means of their freedom—until they either marry, or else be more fully strengthened for continence" ( 674:, the wording of the prayer of exorcism is: "Almighty and ever-living God, you sent your only Son into the world to cast out the power of Satan, spirit of evil, to rescue man from the kingdom of darkness and bring him into the splendour of your kingdom of light. We pray for this child: set him (her) free from original sin, make him (her) a temple of your glory, and send your Holy Spirit to dwell with him (her). Through Christ our Lord." 750: 124: 588: 226: 66: 25: 303: 1006:

confirm that infants can have a personal relationship with Jesus just as parents can have a personal relationship with their babies. More importantly, Jesus confirms that babies of believers belong to the kingdom of God. In other words, babies of believers are counted as believers, not unbelievers. Therefore, Jesus specifically instructs not to hinder them.

451:, although pouring is the standard practice within the Latin branch of Catholicism. Catholic and Orthodox churches that do this do not sprinkle. At the moment of baptism, the minister utters the words "I baptize you (or, "The servant of God (name) is baptized") in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit" (see 494:(c. 100), are taken to be about baptism of adults, since they require fasting by the person to be baptized. However, inscriptions dating back to the 2nd century which refer to young children as "children of God" may indicate that Christians customarily baptized infants too. The earliest reference to infant baptism was by 925:. Being a member of the visible church does not guarantee salvation; though it does provide the child with many benefits, including that of one's particular congregation consenting to assist in the raising of that child in "the way he should go, (so that) when he is old he will not turn from it". Elect infants (those 2008:

The first passage cited has: "Baptism according to the practice of the Church is given even to infants"; the second has: "The Church had a tradition from the Apostles, to give baptism even to infants"; the third has: "Infants are baptized for the remission of sins . . . That is the reason why infants

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identifies baptism less as a statement of faith than as an assumption of identity; that is to say that infant baptism is a sign of covenantal inclusion. Assuming that what God instituted in the Old Testament continues unless the New Testament specifically abrogates it, including infants in the giving

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Accordingly, the rules for involvement on the part of practicing Christian parents must be supplemented with other considerations in the case of "families with little faith or non-Christian families". If these request that a child of theirs be baptized, there must be assurances that the child will be

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stated that 'God's mercy and grace should not be refused to anyone born', and the Synod, recalling that 'all human beings' are 'equal', whatever be 'their size or age', declared it lawful to baptize children 'by the second or third day after their birth'". In the 17th and 18th centuries, many infants

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considers baptism, even for an infant, so important that "parents are obliged to see that their infants are baptized within the first few weeks" and, "if the infant is in danger of death, it is to be baptized without any delay." It declares: "The practice of infant Baptism is an immemorial tradition

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or "the laying on of hands" is an essential part of the baptismal ordinance, and to receive baptism without confirmation is to leave the ordinance incomplete. Confirmation is the conferring of the gift of the Holy Ghost as a constant companion. To confirm means to "make more sure" and the ordinance

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Jesus' affirmation: According to Luke 18:15-17, when parents brought their babies to Jesus, the disciples tried to prevent them from coming. Jesus becomes indignant and says, "Let the little children come to me, and do not hinder them, for the kingdom of God belongs to such as these." This seems to

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If baptism is a sign that a person is a member of God's covenant community, and if the children of believers are members of that community, it follows that the children of believers should receive the sign that they are members of God's covenant community by being baptized, as an infant is entitled

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Presbyterian, Congregational and Reformed Christians consider children of professing Christians to be members of the visible church (the covenant community). They also consider them to be full members of the local congregation where their parents are members and members of the universal church (the

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In baptism, however, we do not do something for God, rather he does something for us and in us. He works to either create or to strengthen faith. It is true that neither baptism nor the proclamation of the gospel will benefit anyone apart from faith. However, through the proclamation of the gospel

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Other Christians saw the baptism of each new-born baby into the secular parish community and close links between church and state as the divinely-ordained means of holding society together. Hence many other Christians saw the Anabaptists as subversive of all order. Consequently, from the earliest

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The document recalled that infant baptism has long been considered of apostolic origin, and that the first direct evidence of its practice, dating from the 2nd century, does not present it as an innovation. It then responded to objections that baptism should follow faith, that the person baptized

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issued on 20 October 1980 an instruction on infant baptism, whose purpose was "to recall the principal points of doctrine in this field which justify the Church's constant practice down the centuries and demonstrate its permanent value in spite of the difficulties raised today". The document then

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for the baptism ceremony. Christening gowns often become treasured keepsakes that are used by many other children in the family and handed down from generation to generation. Traditionally, this gown is white or slightly off white and made with much lace, trim and intricate detail. In the past, a

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Scholars disagree on the date when infant baptism was first practiced. Some believe that 1st-century Christians did not practice it, noting the lack of any explicit evidence of infant baptism. Others, noting the lack of any explicit evidence of exclusion of infant baptism, believe that they did,

2065:"The children shall be baptized first. All of the children who can answer for themselves, let them answer. If there are any children who cannot answer for themselves, let their parents answer for them, or someone else from their family. After this, the men will be baptized. Finally, the women" ( 2828:

When they baptize babies, pastors should make sure that their prayers include clear requests that God will bring the children to a personal faith that "owns" what the parents are promising at a time when the children (who "belong" from day one) cannot act for themselves. And when they dedicate

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states that "Many inscriptions from as early as the second century give little children the title of 'children of God', a title given only to the baptized, or explicitly mention that they were baptized: cf., for example, Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum, 9727, 9801, 9817; E. Diehl, Inscriptiones

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The instruction then gave guidelines for pastoral practice, based on two principles. The major principle is that baptism, as the sign and means of God's love that precedes any action on our part and that frees from original sin and communicates divine life, must not be delayed. The subordinate

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principle is that assurances must be given that the gift thus granted can grow by authentic education in the faith and Christian life. If these assurances are not really serious, there can be grounds for delaying baptism. If they are certainly absent, the sacrament should even be refused.

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should consciously receive the grace of the sacrament, that the person should freely accept baptism, that infant baptism is unsuitable in a society marked by instability of values and conflicts of ideas, and that the practice is inimical to a missionary outlook on the part of the church.

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eras, infant baptism was seen as a way to incorporate newborn babies into the secular community as well as inducting them into the Christian faith. Due to high rates of infant mortality, it is important to note that canon law denied unbaptized infants a Christian burial in sacred ground.

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form of circumcision in the Jewish covenant. Circumcision did not create faith in the 8-day-old Jewish boy. It merely marked him as a member of God's covenant people Israel. Likewise, baptism does not create faith; it is a sign of membership in the visible covenant community.

1172:). The renewal of baptismal promises by those receiving the sacrament in the Western Catholic Church is incidental to the rite and not essentially different from the solemn renewal of their baptismal promises that is asked of all members of this church each year at the 1025:

argue that the phrase "every one of you" recalls the use of the same phrase in Deuteronomy 29:10–12, where there is explicit mention of the "little ones" present; and it takes the phrase "and your children" to mean that Peter included children in the covenant

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asked: "If the children of believers are partakers of the covenant without the help of understanding, there is no reason why they should be barred from the sign merely because they cannot swear to the provisions of the covenant" (Inst. 4, 16, 24, quoted in

3002:"When an infant is baptized God creates faith in the heart of that infant. This faith cannot yet, of course, be expressed or articulated, yet it is real and present all the same (see e.g., Acts 2:38–39; Titus 3:5–6; Matt. 18:6; Luke 1:15; 2 Tim. 3:15)" ( 809:

Lutherans believe that babies are conceived and born sinful and therefore need to be born again to enter the kingdom of heaven. Through Baptism, the Holy Spirit works rebirth, creates faith in them, and saves them. Although some deny the possibility of

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set of all true believers who make up the invisible church) unless and until they prove otherwise. Baptism is the mark of membership in the covenant of grace and in the universal church, although regeneration is not inseparably connected with baptism.

790:'s teachings on Pentecost included children in the promise of baptism, "Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins. And you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. The promise is for 996:

Analogy with circumcision: Some Christians posit an analogy of baptism to circumcision, pointing to children, since the historic Israelite application of circumcision was to infants, not to adult converts, of which there were few.

542:(died 235), describes how to perform the ceremony of baptism; it states that children were baptized first, and if any of them could not answer for themselves, their parents or someone else from their family was to answer for them. 1540: 3859:"Six months in a Syrian monastery; being the record of a visit to the head quarters of the Syrian church in Mesopotamia, with some account of the Yazidis or devil worshipers of Mosul and El Jilwah, their sacred book" 1176:

service. Only in French-speaking countries has there been a development of ceremonies, quite distinct from the sacrament of Confirmation, for young Catholics to profess their faith publicly, in line with their age.

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From at least the 3rd century onward Christians baptized infants as standard practice, although some preferred to postpone baptism until late in life so as to ensure forgiveness for all their preceding sins.

1117:. They have no need of baptism until age eight, when they can begin to learn to discern right from wrong, and are thus accountable to God for their own actions. However, the LDS Church performs a non-saving 991:

Christians who practice infant baptism do not completely agree on the reasons for doing so, and offer different reasons in support of the practice. Among the arguments made in support of the practice are:

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The church has no dogmatic official teaching regarding the fate of infants who die without baptism, and theologians of the church hold various views (in particular, many have asserted that they go to

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Based on their understanding of New Testament passages such as Colossians 2:11–12, Christians who baptize infants believe that infant baptism is the New Testament counterpart to the Old Testament

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Westminster Confession, Chapter 28, Section 1 and especially section 3. Baptized people are considered part of the covenant of grace by faith unless they prove otherwise by committing apostasy.

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into the Jewish community. Christians who baptize infants believe that baptism has replaced Old Testament circumcision and is the religious ceremony of initiation into the Christian community.

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writing c. 198–203 advises the postponement of baptism of little children and the unmarried, he mentions that it was customary to baptize infants, with sponsors speaking on their behalf. The

2982:"If baptism was demanded of the Jews as a prerequisite of church membership, we may reasonably conclude that the Gentiles were not admitted to the privilege except on the same condition" ( 709:

also insist on the need to have infants baptized as soon as is practicable after birth. Similar to the Catholic Church, they teach that baptism is not merely a symbol but actually conveys

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gown was used for both boys and girls; in the present day it has become more common to dress children in a baptismal outfit. Also normally made of white fabric, the outfit consists of a

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because it is an "instrument" instituted by Jesus Christ to impart grace to its recipients. Infants are traditionally baptized on the eighth day, recalling the biblical injunction to

869:" of the Spirit, the "falling" of the Spirit "upon men," by the mode in which it was administered, the pouring of water from above upon the subjects baptized. As a seal, also, or 777:

The command is general. It includes infants, women, men, and teenagers, even though none of these groups is specifically named. Each of these groups is included in "all nations."

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of God and as a confession on the part of the church of its responsibility for children in general and for every child in particular." Methodists teach that people receive

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When modern Methodists expound infant baptism, they think first of " prevenient grace", for which infant baptism is said to be an effective, or at least a useful, sign.

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Baptisms have sometimes accidentally led to injuries, or deaths, such as drowning deaths, to babies. In Romania, this has served as an opportunity to revise practices.

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It is believed by some Christians that in the heart of a baptized child, faith as a gift or grace from God, as distinct from an act by the person, is made present.

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They also cite other biblical passages such as Mark 10:13-15, Mark 16:16, John 3:3-7 and Acts 2:38-39 in support of their position. For example, in the

3970: 3230:"New York City International Christian Church » A Member of the Sold Out Discipling Movement » We Desire to Know God…and to Make Him Known!" 1787:"Before the baptism let the baptizer fast, and the baptized, and whoever else can; but you shall order the baptized to fast one or two days before" ( 606:

Different Christian denominations who practice infant baptism attach different meanings to the sacrament and explain its efficacy in different ways.

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Infants cannot repent or believe: Baptism in Scripture always has the prerequisite of repentance and faith, which are impossible for an infant.

3151:"The Church received from the apostles the tradition of giving baptism even to infants" (Commentaries on Romans 5:9, quoted, for instance, in 1948: 1879: 3936: 1981: 964:

Pedobaptism and credobaptism are positions which bubble up from theological views at a more fundamental level of one's theological system.

1723: 1687: 1204:, as outlined in her doctoral thesis, infant baptism amounts to "enforced membership of the Catholic Church", which violates fundamental 1114: 1017:, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins. And you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. The promise is for you 666:

The Catechism of the Catholic Church states: "Since Baptism signifies liberation from sin and from its instigator the devil, one or more

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and for all who are far off—for all whom the Lord our God will call.'" (Acts 2:38–39, NIV–UK, emphasis added) Some churches within The

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for salvation) who die in infancy are by faith considered regenerate on the basis of God's covenant promises in the covenant of grace.

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has decided on a different age, or there is danger of death or, in the judgment of the minister, a grave reason suggests otherwise (

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Presbyterian, Congregational and Reformed Christians believe that baptism, whether of infants or adults, is a "sign and seal of the

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of confirmation stands as a witness of the individual becoming a member of the LDS Church and not just an acceptance of Jesus.

3086: 3073:"Does Baptism Replace Circumcision? An Examination of the Relationship between Circumcision and Baptism in Colossians 2:11–12" 2983: 2575: 1706: 1364: 1152:, the sacrament of Confirmation is conferred immediately after baptism, and there is no renewal of baptismal promises. In the 773:, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit", in which Jesus does not set any age limit: 3978: 3904: 1577: 805:

Luther argues that infant baptism is God-pleasing because persons so baptized were reborn and sanctified by the Holy Spirit.

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of the sign of the covenant must continue in the New Covenant. It is especially so if the practice is an important one.

2144:"Does Baptism Replace Circumcision? An Examination of the Relationship between Circumcision and Baptism in Colossians" 167: 3727: 3677: 3531: 3484: 3434: 3384: 3337: 3281: 3179: 3163: 2790: 1161: 287: 269: 207: 105: 52: 2555:

and through baptism the Holy Spirit works faith. The means of grace have the power to create the faith they require.

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meaning "I believe"), which is the religious practice of baptizing only individuals who personally confess faith in

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belong to denominations that practice infant baptism. Branches of Christianity that practice infant baptism include

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Giving them the power to live and act under the prompting of the Holy Spirit through the gifts of the Holy Spirit;

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It is believed by some Christians that baptism is not merely a symbol and that it has a real effect, conveying

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Believers and the children of believers become members of God's covenant community (or church) through baptism.

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understanding biblical references to individuals "and household" being baptized as including young children.

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Although it is not required, many parents and godparents choose to dress the baby in a white gown called a

156: 802: 706: 1414: 3872: 3130: 1845: 1329: 926: 918: 427:. The rite used would be the same as that denomination's rite for adults, i.e., by pouring holy water ( 2710: 2264: 481: 3714: 3664: 3518: 3471: 3421: 3371: 3324: 3268: 2725: 2505: 2455: 1301: 1149: 1063:, all Baptist and Anabaptist traditions and denominations, Pentecostals, Assemblies of God and more. 890: 829: 2517: 2246:"ANF01. The Apostolic Fathers with Justin Martyr and Irenaeus - Christian Classics Ethereal Library" 2699: 2677: 1945: 1439: 1291: 1134: 882: 381: 2688: 2513: 2509: 1788: 1775: 3217:

We do not baptize infants because baptism is a public confession of faith in obedience to Christ.

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Enabling them to believe in God, to hope in him, and to love him through the theological virtues;

2744: 2721: 2591: 2281:"The sheer gratuitousness of the grace of salvation is particularly manifest in infant Baptism" ( 1876: 1717: 1636: 1360: 1254:(literally: 'to seal'). Traditionally, Yazidi children are baptized at birth with water from the 1022: 798: 698: 593: 436: 424: 365: 306:

Water is poured on the head of an infant held over the baptismal font of a Roman Catholic church.

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is not required, but is practiced by some due to regional customs. The Yazidi baptism is called

901:, practice infant baptism for families who desire it for their children, but provide a rite for 467:

with a vest or other accessories. These clothes are often kept as a memento after the ceremony.

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is to be conferred at about the age of discretion (generally taken to be about 7), unless the

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The Discipline of the Allegheny Wesleyan Methodist Connection (Original Allegheny Conference)

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Walker, W. (1919). A History of the Christian Church. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p.95

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No scriptural instances: There are no explicit instances of infant baptism in the scripture

783: 2566: 2313: 2245: 8: 3021:"The Most Holy Trinity gives the baptized sanctifying grace, the grace of justification: 2107: 754: 567:, male infants born to Jewish parents, and male servants were circumcised as ceremony of 535: 408: 44: 4074: 2738: 761:

Lutherans practice infant baptism because they believe that God mandates it through the

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Eerdman's Handbook to Christian Belief, William B. Eerdman's Publishing Company, 1982.

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and, of course, in the sites that give the full texts of Origen on Leviticus and Luke.

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Christening is not a separate or different service. It is the same thing as baptism.

1109:(LDS Church) completely rejects infant baptism. Little children are considered both 932:

Presbyterian, Congregational and many Reformed Christians see infant baptism as the

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What does the Bible teach about the subject of baptizing of infants? by Don Matzat

1840: 1389: 1262:. It involves pouring holy water from the spring on the child's head three times. 909:

only after their child has made a personal acceptance of Jesus as his/her savior.

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on the eighth day. However, this is not mandatory. In many of these churches, the

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270 (June 2006), proposing the establishment of as many as seven such occasions.

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further teaches that baptism is a sign and a seal of the covenant of grace:

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Trinitarian Christian denominations that oppose infant baptism include the

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to a passport that indicates the child as a member of a particular country.

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Redonner tout son sens à l'initiation chrétienne : un défi à relever

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Of this great new-covenant blessing, baptism was therefore eminently the

787: 738: 726: 464: 357: 345: 333: 3233: 2765:. E. Stevenson & F. A. Owen for the M. E. Church, South. p. 18. 2200: 2183: 1137:"strengthens" (the original meaning of the word "confirm") the grace of 4021: 4006: 3944: 1094: 671: 568: 531: 523:(185–c. 254) mention infant baptism as traditional and customary. Also 505: 2262: 490:

The earliest extrabiblical directions for baptism, which occur in the

3833:"Romania baptisms: Six-week-old baby's death sparks calls for change" 2151: 1037:

states that the practice of baptizing infants is of apostolic origin.

912: 877:

Infant baptism, in Methodism, is celebrated as "an acceptance of the

846: 834: 714: 432: 416: 369: 318: 3896:

Yezidism in Europe: Different Generations Speak about Their Religion

749: 254:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. 123: 3623: 1659:"In the name of the father, son and the holy spirit. Matthew 28-19" 1570:

Luther's Ecumenical Significance: An Interconfessional Consultation

1239: 1102:

days, they were sharply persecuted and leaders were soon executed.

667: 495: 428: 400: 353: 3779:"Greek Orthodox Priest is Accused of Injuring Baby During Baptism" 741:

wine and bread, is also given to infants after they are baptized.

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Latinae Christianae Veteres (Berlin 1961), nos. 1523(3), 4429A."

302: 2653:"See "Luther's Large Catechism" subsection "Of Infant Baptism"" 2182:

Crow, Madison; Zori, Colleen; Zori, Davide (17 December 2020).

1276: 1259: 1232: 1093:

B.R. White describes the motivations behind persecution of the

1034: 520: 420: 3030:

Allowing them to grow in goodness through the moral virtues" (

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Le baptême des petits enfants dans une société déchristianisée

583:

Teachings of Christian denominations practicing infant baptism

3087:"Should Babies be Baptized? | Christian Reformed Church" 2026:

De peccatorum meritis et remissione et de baptismo parvulorum

1342:

Q. What's the difference between a baptism and a christening?

958: 944: 4060:

Baptism, Confirmation and the Affirmation of Baptismal Faith

2380:. Switzerland: Parole et Silence. pp. 210–231, 433–515. 1926:. They are mentioned, for instance, in the following sites: 1055:

Denominations and religious groups opposed to infant baptism

643:). "The Church entrusts these infants to the mercy of God." 527:

referred the baptism of children as an apostolic tradition.

443:

traditions practice total immersion and baptize babies in a

3956:

by Dr. Richard Pratt (Evangelical Presbyterian perspective)

3948:

by Francis Schaeffer (Evangelical Presbyterian perspective)

893:

Jesus as Savior. Many Methodist denominations, such as the

733:) is administered by the priest immediately after baptism. 624:

were baptized on the day of their birth as in the cases of

2737:

Stuart, George Rutledge; Chappell, Edwin Barfield (1922).

1344:

A. None, they are just different words for the same thing.

1141:, by conferring an increase and deepening of that grace. 387:

Christians who do not practice infant baptism are called

321:

infants or young children. Infant baptism is also called

3582:. The Methodist Church in Britain. 2014. Archived from 2871:

Westminster Confession of Faith, Chapter 10, Section 3.

2862:

Westminster Confession of Faith, Chapter 28, Section 1.

1611:"The Sacrament of Baptism | Moravian Church in America" 1070:

religious groups also oppose infant baptism, including

921:", and that baptism admits the party baptized into the 651:

indicated some general guidelines for pastoral action.

1133:

For Roman Catholic, Methodist Christians, and Weslian

949:

Infant baptism can be contrasted with what is called "

3253: 3251: 3649: 3647: 814:, the Bible clearly teaches that babies can believe. 554: 4039:

by Canon Tom Gordon (Orthodox Anglican perspective)

1827:

Adv. Haereses, II, 22, 4: PG 7, 784; Harvey, I, 330

1041: 1033:seem to have taught that infant baptism is proper; 825:

Covenant theology § Wesleyan covenant theology

148:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 4052:Infant Baptism discussed at www.CatholicBridge.com 3451: 3248: 3174: 3172: 2793:. The United Methodist Church GBGM. Archived from 2791:"God's Preparing, Accepting, and Sustaining Grace" 2779:. G. Lane & P. B. Sandford. 1918. p. 464. 2730: 1466:"Infant Baptism: Why do Anglicans Baptize Babies?" 913:Presbyterian, Congregational and Reformed Churches 686:Christening photograph showing the oil moment and 3644: 2417: 1812: 1563: 1561: 1197:According to Catholic legal professor and former 4101: 3776: 4080:Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online 3953:JEREMIAH 31: INFANT BAPTISM IN THE NEW COVENANT 3830: 3180:"Infant Baptism and the New Covenant Community" 3169: 1192: 1182:the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 1107:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 1088:the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 986: 2783: 2756: 2754: 2736: 2392:"Catechism of the Catholic Church - IntraText" 1896:The three passages identified by scholars are 1558: 16:Christian baptism of infants or young children 2934:Christian Apologetics & Research Ministry 2067:The Apostolic Tradition of Hippolytus of Rome 1841:Introductory Note to Irenæus Against Heresies 885:, which is integral to salvation, after they 563:. In the Old Testament, all male converts to 2263:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. 2181: 1656: 407:. Many follow a prepared ceremony, called a 77:texts from within a religion or faith system 3892: 2751: 2119:Christian Heresies of the Sixteenth Century 2087:"Infant Baptism: Scriptural and Reasonable" 1013:, "Peter replied, 'Repent and be baptized, 670:are pronounced over the candidate". In the 53:Learn how and when to remove these messages 2814: 2812: 2473:"Sacrament of Holy Baptism – Circumcision" 1806:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 1567: 945:Contrasts between infant and adult baptism 648:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 419:bring their child to their congregation's 3507: 2441:Ware, Bishop Kallistos (Timothy) (1964). 2199: 961:, therefore excluding underage children. 626:Francoise-Athenais, Marquise de Montespan 288:Learn how and when to remove this message 270:Learn how and when to remove this message 208:Learn how and when to remove this message 106:Learn how and when to remove this message 3940:by Dr. A.L. Barry (Lutheran perspective) 3824: 3574: 3572: 3123:"Baptism in the United Methodist Church" 2984:Baptism a Condition of Church Membership 2834: 1223: 1029:Early Christian practice: Several early 953:" (or credobaptism, from the Latin word 828: 748: 681: 586: 301: 4086:A Scriptural Critique of Infant Baptism 3750: 3407: 3313: 3045: 2892: 2850:Allegheny Wesleyan Methodist Connection 2809: 2760: 2623:"The Small Catechism - Book of Concord" 2522: 2467: 2465: 2463: 2445:. New York: Penguin Books. p. 284. 2418:John Henry Parker; et al. (1844). 1985:, book V, 9: PG 14, 1047. As quoted in 899:Allegheny Wesleyan Methodist Connection 849:of initiation into the visible church. 482:Ritual purification § Christianity 4102: 3959: 3700: 3653: 3457: 3257: 3032:Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1268 2375: 2283:Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1250 2141: 2108:Infant Baptism in Early Church History 2029: 2028:, I, 26, 39: PL 44, 131. As quoted in 1986: 1855:William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company 1463: 873:sign, baptism answers to circumcision. 3857:Parry, O. H. (Oswald Hutton) (1895). 3856: 3569: 3004:The Lutheran Church, Missouri Synod). 2927: 1568:Manns, Peter; Meyer, Harding (1984). 818: 3873:"YAZIDIS ii. INITIATION IN YAZIDISM" 3777:Tasos Kokkinidis (20 October 2020). 3360: 2560: 2538:Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod 2481:Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod 2460: 2440: 1720:Institutes of the Christian Religion 1686:(Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2000), 1125:, customarily performed on infants. 905:for those who have a preference for 744: 415:. In a typical ceremony, parents or 219: 146:adding citations to reliable sources 117: 59: 18: 3997:(Reformed Presbyterian perspective) 3831:Stephen McGrath (5 February 2021). 3804: 3048:"A Brief Defense of Infant Baptism" 2895:"A Brief Defense of Infant Baptism" 2324: 1097:during the Reformation as follows: 677: 399:The exact details of the baptismal 13: 2763:Methodist Pamphlets for the People 1357:"Can I have my infant christened?" 1349: 1314: 1170:canon 891 of the Code of Canon Law 609: 352:practice infant baptism including 14: 4141: 4013:Early Teachings of Infant Baptism 3917: 3363:"Children: Salvation of Children" 2655:. 29 October 2020. Archived from 2629:. 8 November 2019. Archived from 2165: 1684:Theology for the Community of God 1219: 1009:Peter's speech: According to the 555:Agreements among infant baptizers 34:This article has multiple issues. 4094:The Assemblies of God on Baptism 3886: 3865: 3850: 3798: 3770: 3744: 3694: 3616: 3598: 3547: 3510:"Children: Blessing of Children" 3501: 3046:DeYoung, Kevin (12 March 2015). 2893:DeYoung, Kevin (12 March 2015). 2740:What Every Methodist Should Know 2039:"Instructions on Infant Baptism" 1996:"Instructions on Infant Baptism" 1211: 1042:Arguments against infant baptism 224: 122: 64: 23: 3930:Early Church Fathers on Baptism 3893:Kreyenbroek, Philip G. (2009). 3751:McGarry, Patsy (22 June 2018). 3401: 3354: 3307: 3298: 3222: 3198: 3145: 3115: 3104: 3093: 3079: 3065: 3039: 3015: 2996: 2976: 2952: 2921: 2912: 2886: 2874: 2865: 2856: 2769: 2761:Summers, Thomas Osmond (1857). 2715: 2704: 2693: 2682: 2671: 2645: 2615: 2596: 2585: 2499: 2449: 2434: 2411: 2408:Rite of Baptism of Children, 86 2402: 2384: 2369: 2360: 2351: 2342: 2306: 2288: 2275: 2265:"Instruction on Infant Baptism" 2256: 2238: 2220: 2208: 2175: 2159: 2135: 2123: 2079: 2059: 2045: 2012: 2002: 1973: 1890: 1869: 1860: 1830: 1821: 1794: 1781: 1768: 1748: 1711: 1692: 1676: 1650: 1625: 1603: 1589: 1572:. Fortress Press. p. 141. 1128: 133:needs additional citations for 42:or discuss these issues on the 4047:(United Methodist perspective) 3155:The Faith of the Early Fathers 2743:. Lamar & Barton. p. 1533: 1508: 1483: 1457: 1432: 1407: 1382: 1061:International Christian Church 634:Marie Anne de Cupis de Camargo 1: 4067: 4063:(Anglican Church perspective) 4005:Catholic Answers guide, with 2331:Instruction on Infant Baptism 2142:Salter, Martin (April 2010). 1657:Ljthriepland (3 March 2019). 1464:Goebel, Greg (6 March 2013). 1307: 771:make disciples of all nations 513: 84:that critically analyze them. 4055:(Roman Catholic perspective) 4016:teachings on Baptism by the 3899:. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. 2928:Slick, Matt (12 June 2009). 2777:Methodist Review, Volume 101 2215:Code of Canon Law, canon 867 2168:Handbook to Christian Belief 1193:Opposition to infant baptism 1160:of the Catholic Church, the 987:Arguments for infant baptism 592:Baptism by immersion in the 512:, the work is usually dated 475: 7: 2964:John Calvin: Infant Baptism 2569:, quoted by Otto, Joel D., 1265: 1115:incapable of committing sin 707:Assyrian Church of the East 549: 394: 250:the claims made and adding 10: 4146: 3922: 3580:"Baptism and Confirmation" 3508:Bangerter, Lowell (1992), 3314:Merrill, Byron R. (1992). 3052:www.thegospelcoalition.org 861:; and it represented "the 851:Wesleyan covenant theology 822: 538:, sometimes attributed to 504:. Due to its reference to 479: 470: 431:) or by sprinkling water ( 325:by some faith traditions. 4120:Christianity and children 3715:Encyclopedia of Mormonism 3665:Encyclopedia of Mormonism 3654:Craven, Rulon G. (1992). 3519:Encyclopedia of Mormonism 3472:Encyclopedia of Mormonism 3422:Encyclopedia of Mormonism 3372:Encyclopedia of Mormonism 3325:Encyclopedia of Mormonism 3269:Encyclopedia of Mormonism 3258:Norman, Keith E. (1992). 2852:. 2014. pp. 140–146. 2604:"Baptism and Its Purpose" 2024:, X, 23, 39: PL 34, 426; 1761:27 September 2007 at the 1756:Fuller Seminary Bookstore 1302:William Wall (theologian) 1150:Eastern Catholic Churches 498:(c. 130–202) in his work 4089:by Pastor John MacArthur 3937:What About Holy Baptism? 3706:"Gift of the Holy Ghost" 3629:24 December 2007 at the 3361:Rudd, Calvin P. (1992). 2820:"Baptism and Dedication" 2170:, Eerdman's, p. 443 1966:16 November 2016 at the 1951:16 November 2016 at the 1921:18 February 2011 at the 1904:18 February 2011 at the 1732:Gregg Strawbridge, Ph.D. 1726:17 February 2007 at the 1292:Sacraments of initiation 574:During the medieval and 4044:By Water and the Spirit 3861:. London : H. Cox. 3805:AFP (4 February 2021). 3009:6 February 2009 at the 2930:"What is credobaptism?" 2609:6 February 2009 at the 2269:www.catholicculture.org 1637:United Church of Canada 1633:"Baptism and Communion" 1545:United Church of Christ 1361:United Methodist Church 1123:name and bless children 1023:United Methodist Church 797:For them baptism is a " 699:Eastern Orthodox Church 594:Eastern Orthodox Church 405:Christian denominations 3332:. pp. 1052–1053. 3157:(Liturgical Press 1970 2989:7 October 2008 at the 2376:Jacobs, Bruno (2019). 1235: 1158:Latin liturgical rites 1104: 875: 865:" of the Spirit, "the 838: 816: 779: 758: 694: 603: 307: 4125:Christian terminology 3702:Porter, Bruce Douglas 3127:www.covingtonfumc.com 2824:Free Methodist Church 2627:www.bookofconcord.org 2578:29 April 2014 at the 2102:11 March 2008 at the 2021:De Genesi ad litteram 1941:19 April 2008 at the 1899:Homilies on Leviticus 1741:19 April 2008 at the 1322:"The Baptism Service" 1231:of a Yazidi child in 1227: 1099: 895:Free Methodist Church 855: 832: 823:Further information: 807: 792:you and your children 775: 752: 692:Greek Orthodox Church 685: 590: 317:) is the practice of 305: 80:without referring to 3722:. pp. 543–544. 3720:Macmillan Publishing 3672:. pp. 310–311. 3670:Macmillan Publishing 3524:Macmillan Publishing 3477:Macmillan Publishing 3427:Macmillan Publishing 3379:. pp. 268–269. 3377:Macmillan Publishing 3330:Macmillan Publishing 3276:. pp. 682–683. 3274:Macmillan Publishing 3111:Deuteronomy 29:10–12 2969:10 June 2008 at the 2899:The Gospel Coalition 2633:on 20 September 2008 2534:WELS Topical Q&A 2477:WELS Topical Q&A 2348:Instruction, Part II 2336:20 July 2009 at the 2113:8 March 2008 at the 1911:Commentary on Romans 1597:"Baptism of Infants" 1258:('White Spring') at 1166:Episcopal Conference 1146:Eastern Christianity 1084:United Church of God 1072:Oneness Pentecostals 784:Acts of the Apostles 142:improve this article 88:improve this article 3966:William the Baptist 3236:on 28 December 2013 3166:), vol. 1, p. 209). 3133:on 16 February 2015 2826:. 3 December 2008. 2443:The Orthodox Church 2201:10.3390/rel11120678 2072:8 July 2011 at the 1916:Homily on Luke 14.5 1882:20 May 2008 at the 1846:Ante-Nicene Fathers 1080:Jehovah's Witnesses 757:baptizing an infant 755:Philipp Melanchthon 536:Apostolic Tradition 3429:. pp. 92–94. 3186:. 14 February 1993 2567:Colossians 2:11–12 2366:Instruction, 30–31 2300:www.scborromeo.org 2232:www.scborromeo.org 2035:Hamer, Jean Jérôme 2009:too are baptized". 1992:Hamer, Jean Jérôme 1776:Concerning Baptism 1707:1 Corinthians 1:16 1682:Stanley J. 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Baptism is a 680: 630:Jeanne Du Barry 616:Catholic Church 612: 610:Catholic Church 602: 596: 585: 557: 552: 516: 508:as the current 484: 478: 473: 449:Roman Catholics 397: 294: 283: 282: 281: 276: 265: 259: 256: 241: 229: 225: 214: 203: 197: 194: 151: 149: 139: 127: 112: 101: 95: 92: 85: 69: 65: 28: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 4143: 4133: 4132: 4127: 4122: 4117: 4112: 4098: 4097: 4090: 4082: 4075:Infant Baptism 4069: 4066: 4065: 4064: 4056: 4048: 4040: 4036:Infant Baptism 4032: 4028:Infant Baptism 4024: 4018:Church Fathers 4009: 4002:Infant Baptism 3998: 3979: 3957: 3949: 3941: 3933: 3924: 3921: 3919: 3918:External links 3916: 3913: 3912: 3905: 3885: 3864: 3849: 3823: 3797: 3784:Greek Reporter 3769: 3743: 3728: 3693: 3678: 3656:"Confirmation" 3643: 3639:Lumière et Vie 3615: 3597: 3586:on 7 July 2017 3568: 3546: 3532: 3500: 3485: 3479:. p. 13. 3450: 3435: 3400: 3385: 3353: 3338: 3316:"Original sin" 3306: 3297: 3282: 3247: 3221: 3197: 3168: 3144: 3114: 3103: 3092: 3078: 3064: 3038: 3036: 3035: 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1988:Šeper, Franjo 1984: 1983: 1976: 1969: 1965: 1962: 1958: 1954: 1950: 1947: 1944: 1940: 1937: 1933: 1929: 1925: 1924: 1920: 1917: 1912: 1908: 1907: 1903: 1900: 1893: 1886: 1885: 1881: 1878: 1872: 1863: 1856: 1852: 1848: 1847: 1842: 1838: 1833: 1824: 1815: 1807: 1803: 1797: 1790: 1784: 1777: 1774:"Chapter 7, " 1771: 1764: 1760: 1757: 1751: 1744: 1740: 1737: 1733: 1729: 1725: 1722: 1721: 1718:John Calvin, 1714: 1708: 1704: 1703:Acts 16:31–33 1700: 1695: 1689: 1685: 1679: 1664: 1660: 1653: 1638: 1634: 1628: 1612: 1606: 1598: 1592: 1585: 1581: 1575: 1571: 1564: 1562: 1546: 1542: 1536: 1521: 1517: 1511: 1496: 1492: 1486: 1471: 1467: 1460: 1445: 1441: 1435: 1420: 1416: 1410: 1395: 1391: 1385: 1378: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1352: 1345: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1317: 1313: 1303: 1300: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1273: 1270: 1269: 1263: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1246:at birth and 1245: 1241: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1217: 1212:Controversies 1209: 1207: 1203: 1202:Mary McAleese 1200: 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