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also announced that it would collaborate with camera manufacturers to make it easier for creators to upload 360-degree content recorded with their products to YouTube. However, in 2017, Google and YouTube began to promote an alternative monoscopic or stereoscopic video format known as VR180, which is
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Google
Cardboard, which is typically distributed in the form of do-it-yourself kits consisting of low-cost materials and components, has been credited with helping virtual reality become more readily available to the general public, and helping boost the adoption of 360-degree video by publishers,
278:) followed suit by adding 360-degree video support in September 2015, and subsequently unveiled reference designs for its own 360-degree camera systems known as Facebook Surround 360. Facebook announced in March 2017 that more than 1 million 360-degree videos had been uploaded to Facebook to date.
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into one spherical video piece, and the color and contrast of each shot is calibrated to be consistent with the others. This process is done either by the camera itself, or using specialized software that can analyze common visuals and audio to synchronize and link the different camera feeds
36:
294:. In 360-degree video, the locations of viewers are fixed, viewers are limited to the angles captured by the cameras, and cannot interact with the environment. The non-dynamic nature of video also means that rendering techniques cannot be used to reduce the risk of
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The use of the term "virtual reality" to describe 360-degree video has been disputed, as VR typically refers to interactive experiences wherein the viewer's motions can be tracked to allow real-time interactions within a virtual environment, with orientation and
149:, viewed as two distinct images directed individually to each eye for a 3D effect. Due to this projection and stitching, equirectangular video exhibits a lower quality in the middle of the image than at the top and bottom. Spherical videos are frequently in
102:
360-degree video is typically recorded using either a special rig of multiple cameras, or using a dedicated camera that contains multiple camera lenses embedded into the device, and recording overlapping angles simultaneously. Specialized
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limited to a 180-degree field of view, but is promoted as being more accessible to produce than 360-degree video, and allowing more depth to be maintained by not subjecting the video to equirectangular projection
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232:. The phone display is viewed through lenses contained within the enclosure, as opposed to virtual reality headsets that contain their own dedicated displays.
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Some omnidirectional cameras contain wide-angle lenses on the front and rear to facilitate the recording of 360-degree video.
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can also be used to pan the video based on the orientation of the device. Taking advantage of this behavior,
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Some storytellers refer to 360-degree video that uses professional cinematic production techniques such as
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launched support for publishing and viewing 360-degree videos, with playback on its website and its
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and rigs have been developed for the purpose of recording 360-degree video, including rigs such as
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86:. It can also be played on a display or projectors arranged in a sphere or some part of a sphere.
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together. Generally, the only area that cannot be viewed is the view toward the camera support.
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705:"Convolutional Neural Network-Based Robot Navigation Using Uncalibrated Spherical Images"
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Williams, Eric R., Matt Love and Carrie Love. “Chapter #1: Cine-VR – A New Medium.” In
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412:"With Google's new immersive videos, you can feel what it's like to be a ballet dancer"
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recordings where a view in every direction is recorded at the same time, shot using an
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680:"YouTube's VR 180 and Daydream cameras bring immersive video to traditional creators"
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6DOF video: stereoscopic 360-degree video which also captures depth and allows for
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119:. There have also been handheld dual-lens cameras such as the Ricoh Theta S,
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or a collection of cameras. The term 360x180 can be used to indicate 360° of
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Nielsen, Frank (2005-02-01). "Surround video: a multihead camera approach".
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860:"YouTube's "VR180" format cuts down on VR video's prohibitive requirements"
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228:) can be used to view 360-degree videos in an immersive format similar to
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904:"Vimeo now offers 4K video downloads, but streaming isn't available yet"
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Nielsen, Frank (2005). "Surround video: a multihead camera approach".
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Ran, Lingyan; Zhang, Yanning; Zhang, Qilin; Yang, Tao (2017-06-12).
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and is either monoscopic, with one image directed to both eyes, or
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567:"Kogeto iCONIC panoramic video coming to Galaxy Nexus and more"
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929:"Google starts selling Cardboard VR viewers through its store"
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594:"360-degree cameras: The best VR cams, no matter your budget"
442:"Facebook To Support Spherical Video In News Feed And Oculus"
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779:"You Can Now Watch and Upload 360-Degree Videos on YouTube"
884:"Introducing Facebook 360 For Gear VR | Facebook Newsroom"
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before applications in detection, tracking or navigation.
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installed within a frame), and contained cameras like the
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Sample 360-degree video in 360x180 equirectangular format.
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765:. New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group - 2021.
1011:"Stop Calling Google Cardboard's 360-Degree Videos 'VR'"
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A guide to recording spatial audio for 360-degree video
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A beginner's guide to spatial audio in 360-degree video
835:"Best VR headsets to buy in 2016, whatever your budget"
986:"Virtual reality doesn't mean what you think it means"
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also launched 360-degree video support in March 2017.
961:"How to get involved in the rise of 360-degree video"
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Virtual
Reality Cinema: Narrative Tips and Techniques
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622:"10 things I wish I knew before shooting 360 video"
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649:"How to Shoot, Edit, and Upload 360-Degree Videos"
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286:such as mainstream journalists and media brands.
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111:'s Omni and Odyssey (which consist of multiple
141:360-degree video is typically formatted in an
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311:in navigation within the captured environment
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220:-style enclosures for smartphones (such as
196:360-degree videos are typically viewed via
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1756:Software related to augmented reality
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959:Scott, Caroline (February 19, 2016).
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274:(parent company of VR headset maker
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927:Fingas, Jon (February 29, 2016).
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805:"How 360 degree videos are shot"
342:360 photography (disambiguation)
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516:"Create Immersive Experiences"
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1807:List of PlayStation VR games
1200:Virtual reality applications
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1165:Projection augmented model
143:equirectangular projection
1844:Film and video technology
1802:List of Oculus Rift games
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1155:On-set virtual production
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1135:Cinematic virtual reality
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1038:How do I make 360 videos?
483:10.1007/s00371-004-0273-z
390:10.1007/s00371-004-0273-z
186:cinematic virtual reality
133:This separate footage is
1797:List of Meta Quest games
1205:Virtual reality sickness
188:(or cine-VR for short).
1272:Virtual retinal display
1260:Virtual reality headset
384:(1). Springer: 92–103.
151:curvilinear perspective
105:omnidirectional cameras
1792:List of HTC Vive games
1185:Six degrees of freedom
540:"Ricoh Theta S review"
309:six degrees of freedom
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163:rectilinear correction
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68:omnidirectional camera
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1641:The Sword of Damocles
1543:Windows Mixed Reality
1180:Simulation hypothesis
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210:head-mounted displays
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27:Visual arts technique
1761:Virtual reality game
1406:Cyberith Virtualizer
1238:Head-mounted display
347:360 video projection
721:2017Senso..17.1341R
471:The Visual Computer
378:The Visual Computer
1501:Microsoft HoloLens
1324:Foveated rendering
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198:personal computers
157:effect. The heavy
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1386:Wearable computer
1190:Spatial computing
1106:Augmented reality
730:10.3390/s17061341
678:Strange, Adario.
628:. CBS Interactive
546:. CBS Interactive
352:360 degree camera
292:position tracking
263:. Parent company
159:barrel distortion
48:360-degree videos
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16:(Redirected from
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1729:virtual graffiti
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1574:Google Cardboard
1464:Apple Vision Pro
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811:. Archived from
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315:Volumetric video
246:Google Cardboard
224:viewers and the
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121:Samsung Gear 360
60:spherical videos
56:immersive videos
50:, also known as
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815:on 19 July 2021
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477:(1–2): 92–103.
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418:. December 2015
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296:motion sickness
252:In March 2015,
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226:Samsung Gear VR
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170:lighting design
161:often requires
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