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larval tracheal cells that reenter the cell cycle and regain developmental potency. In late larvae, both populations are activated and proliferate, spread over and replace old branches, and diversify into various stalk and coiled tracheolar cells under control of fibroblast growth factor signaling. Thus,
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larva, about to undergo pupation, and subdivide it and culture it in the body of a younger larva. Discs can be continuously cultured this way for many larval generations. When such a cultured disc is eventually implanted in the body of a larva that is allowed to pupate, the disc will develop into the
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During the pupal stage, many larval structures are broken down, and adult structures, including the discs, undergo rapid development. Each disc everts and elongates, with the central portion of the disc becoming the distal part of whichever appendage it is forming: the wing, leg, antenna, etc. During
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metamorphosis, most larval cells die. Pupal and adult tissues form from imaginal cells. Clonal analysis and fate mapping of single, identified cells show that tracheal system remodeling at metamorphosis involves a classical imaginal cell population and a population of differentiated, functional
120:, where the developmental fate of a disc could sometimes change. It is of interest to entomologists that the kinds of developmental switches that occur are very specific (leg to antenna, for instance). Study of this phenomenon led to the discovery of the
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structure it was originally determined to become. That is, an antenna disc can be cultured this way and will, almost always, become an antenna (out of place, of course) when final development is triggered by pupation.
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pupal/adult tissue progenitors can arise both by early allocation of multipotent cells and late return of differentiated cells to a multipotent state, even within a single tissue.
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the larval stage, the cells in the growing disc appear undifferentiated, but their developmental fate in the adult is already determined.
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Sivasubramanian, P. (14 July 1977). "Evagination of imaginal discs in the fleshfly
Sarcophaga crassipalpis: Hormonal control in vivo".
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or other structures in the adult. The role of the imaginal disc in insect development was first elucidated by
251:"The legacy of Drosophila imaginal discs, The development of imaginal discs and their embryonic origin"
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The experiment that demonstrates this developmental commitment is to take an imaginal disc from a
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genes, and started a revolution in the understanding of development in multi-celled animals.
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Lappence, Terry RJ; Grier, David G.; Thompson, Alexander; Halliday, Henry L. (2006).
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During metamorphosis, imaginal discs of the larva develop into adult fly structures.
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224:"Forty-Eighth Annual Report of the entomological society of Ontario"
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Imaginal Discs: The
Genetic and Cellular Logic of Pattern Formation
343:"HOX GENES: Seductive Science, Mysterious Mechanisms, Introduction"
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that remain quiescent during embryonic and larval life. During
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Imaginal cells are tissue-specific progenitors allocated in
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Destination of the imaginal disc in the leg of an insect.
176:"The legacy of Drosophila imaginal discs, introduction"
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48:that will become a portion of the outside of the
16:One of the parts of a holometabolous insect larva
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300:Wilhelm Roux's Archives of Developmental Biology
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106:The study of imaginal discs in the fruit fly
249:Beira, Jorge V.; Paro, Renato (7 May 2016).
174:Beira, Jorge V.; Paro, Renato (7 May 2016).
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443:Aldaz, Silvia; Escudero, Luis M. (2010).
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382:Weaver M, Krasnow MA (September 2008).
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38:is one of the parts of a
112:led to the discovery of
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109:Drosophila melanogaster
493:Web site for the book
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497:by Lewis I. Held, Jr.
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54:pupal transformation
461:2010CBio...20.R429A
400:2008Sci...321.1496W
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312:10.1007/BF00848780
114:homeotic mutations
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455:(10): R429–R431.
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228:archive.org
52:during the
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143:Drosophila
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369:16457401
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149:See also
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236:2017
206:PMID
62:legs
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