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Spineless, flat, ovate to elliptic, glossy, dark green leaves (to 1.5 inches or 3.8 centimetres long) have smooth margins with several marginal teeth near the apex. Leaves usually remain attractive bright green in winter unless temperatures fall below -17 C/0 F. Greenish white flowers (male in
547:
is a highly rated honey that results from bees feeding on inkberry flowers. This honey is locally produced in certain parts of the
Southeastern U. S. in areas where beekeepers release bees from late April to early June to coincide with inkberry flowering time.
384:. It typically matures to 5–8 ft (1.5–2.4 m) tall, and can spread by root suckers to form colonies. It normally is cultivated as an evergreen shrub in USDA zones 6 to 10.
526:(inkberries to 3/8" diameter) which mature in early fall and persist throughout winter to early spring unless consumed by local bird populations. Cultivars of species plants (e.g.
556:
Dried and roasted inkberry leaves were first used by Native
Americans to brew a black tea-like drink, hence the sometimes used common name of Appalachian tea for this shrub.
522:
and female in cymes or single) appear in spring, but are relatively inconspicuous. If pollinated, female flowers give way to pea-sized, jet black, berry-like
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530:'Shamrock') typically are more compact, less open, less leggy and less suckering than the species.
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where it is most commonly found in sandy woods and peripheries of swamps and bogs.
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627:(Chapter IX: Cultural Instructions), Dodd, Mead & Company, 1927, p. 191.
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Gallberry nectar is the source of a pleasant honey that is popular in the
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is often found in landscapes of the middle and lower
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10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T123000685A123000701.en
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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433:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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497:Learn how and when to remove this message
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1233:Flora of the Southeastern United States
1228:Flora of the Northeastern United States
364:native to the coastal plain of eastern
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678:
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928:e35a953b-fbfd-4ef8-8001-f6a4d24078b4
431:adding citations to reliable sources
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47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
1218:IUCN Red List least concern species
589:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
13:
1243:Flora of the Appalachian Mountains
14:
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634:
623:Cloud, Katherine Mallet-Prevost.
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403:
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1109:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:83936-1
993:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:83326-1
382:East Coast of the United States
34:needs additional citations for
1248:Garden plants of North America
617:
394:
368:, from coastal Nova Scotia to
1:
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1171:. You can help Knowledge by
360:, is a species of evergreen
7:
1253:Native American ethnobotany
641:Carolina Nature: Inkberry (
551:
10:
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596:: e.T123000685A123000701.
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625:The Cultivation of Shrubs
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172:Scientific classification
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1238:Flora of Eastern Canada
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1167:-related article is a
666:Coastal Plain Plants:
650:UConn Plant Database:
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389:southern United States
355:
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334:evergreen winterberry
578:Stritch, L. (2018).
427:improve this section
338:Canadian winterberry
43:improve this article
142:Conservation status
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936:Open Tree of Life
680:Taxon identifiers
513:'Compacta' leaves
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448: –
447:
446:"Ilex glabra"
443:
442:Find sources:
436:
432:
428:
422:
421:
417:
412:This section
410:
406:
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366:North America
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294:Binomial name
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261:Aquifoliaceae
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202:Tracheophytes
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157:Least Concern
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63:
60: –
59:
58:"Ilex glabra"
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
1173:expanding it
1162:
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651:
642:
624:
619:
607:. Retrieved
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487:January 2024
484:
474:
467:
460:
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441:
425:Please help
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372:and west to
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251:Aquifoliales
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53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
967:tro-2000077
954:Ilex glabra
900:NatureServe
822:iNaturalist
718:Ilex glabra
712:Wikispecies
688:Ilex glabra
668:Ilex glabra
660:Ilex glabra
652:Ilex glabra
643:Ilex glabra
582:Ilex glabra
528:Ilex glabra
395:Description
378:Ilex glabra
356:houx galbre
325:Ilex glabra
303:Ilex glabra
215:Angiosperms
1258:Ilex stubs
1212:Categories
962:Plant List
609:13 January
560:References
543:Gallberry
457:newspapers
350:dye-leaves
99:April 2016
69:newspapers
1069:Q21877154
879:123000685
414:does not
374:Louisiana
342:gallberry
279:Species:
185:Kingdom:
126:Inkberry
1122:50327372
1117:Tropicos
1063:Wikidata
1026:VASCAN:
1014:Tropicos
905:2.152991
853:11155049
703:Q5997676
697:Wikidata
552:Beverage
346:inkberry
257:Family:
241:Asterids
228:Eudicots
162:IUCN 3.1
1096:83936-1
1083:3610489
1019:2000077
887:MoBotPF
840:83326-1
801:5414266
471:scholar
435:removed
420:sources
370:Florida
267:Genus:
247:Order:
189:Plantae
160: (
83:scholar
975:PLANTS
941:458761
925:NZOR:
918:109210
892:276153
827:129347
814:102443
788:ilegla
785:FEIS:
765:582639
726:AoFP:
524:drupes
473:
466:
459:
452:
444:
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
1165:holly
1163:This
1006:20984
866:27981
848:IRMNG
778:ILEGL
752:3PFFX
736:APA:
545:honey
539:Honey
520:cymes
478:JSTOR
464:books
362:holly
235:Clade
222:Clade
209:Clade
196:Clade
90:JSTOR
76:books
1223:Ilex
1169:stub
1104:POWO
1091:IPNI
1078:GBIF
1029:2667
988:POWO
980:ILGL
949:PfaF
913:NCBI
874:IUCN
861:ITIS
835:IPNI
809:GRIN
796:GBIF
773:EPPO
729:3793
611:2024
594:2018
534:Uses
450:news
418:any
416:cite
352:and
315:Gray
272:Ilex
62:news
1130:WFO
1037:WFO
1001:RHS
760:EoL
747:CoL
739:426
598:doi
429:by
45:by
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592:.
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568:^
391:.
348:,
344:,
340:,
336:,
332:,
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311:L.
237::
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87:·
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66:·
39:.
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