408:
513:
calls. Once the group has heard the alarm calls, they will flee to another area that is usually an advantageous vantage point like a rocky slope where the predator cannot reach. The ibex usually flees in a very coordinated fashion that is led by an experienced adult female in female-juvenile groups and an experienced male in male-only groups. This possibly allows the group to escape in a more efficient way as the more experienced ibex will know which slope to run to. However, since their alarm calls consists of an abrupt explosive whistle, it can easily be heard by predators and quickly be located even from a distance.
501:
48:
100:
473:, depending on the plant availability in their home range. Thus, the percentage of each type of resource that is consumed will vary altitudinally, geographically, and seasonally. The ibex also has a special mechanism in the kidney that stores fat in order to be used as energy during the cold winter times. The highest body storage of kidney fat can be found during the productive warm seasons and the lowest during the cold period. The body storage is characterized by the limited food resources.
75:
31:
1182:
522:
1168:
278:
477:
in ibexes is also different depending on the season. When food resources are low during the winter, ibexes would reduce their rates of movement when foraging. However, during the spring season, when food is more available, they would increase their rate of movement and become more mobile in finding
422:
The
Iberian ibex is characterized by its large and flexible hooves and short legs. These physical adaptations allow it to run and leap on bare, rocky, rough and steep slopes out of reach of potential predators. The horns of the Iberian ibex curve out and up and then back, inward, and, depending on
486:
Iberian ibex establish two types of social groups: male-only groups and females with young juvenile groups. It is during rutting season (November/December) that the males interact with the females in order to reproduce. Allocation to testes mass was greatest in the rutting season, particularly at
512:
The
Iberian ibex has a unique way of signaling others when a potential predator has been spotted. First the ibex will have an erect posture with its ears and head pointing in the direction of the potential predator. The caller will then signal the other ibexes in the group with one or more alarm
435:
The
Iberian ibex populates the Iberian Peninsula and consisted originally of four subspecies. However, with recent extinctions occurring within the last century, only two of the subspecies still exist. Both occur in Spain and in northern Portugal, as well a small reintroduced population in the
491:
are separated from the female groups at the time of the new births. The males are the first to separate and return to their male-only groups while the female yearlings eventually return to their mothers and spend their next few years with the group.
581:. This disease, potentially fatal for infected individuals, unequally affects males and females and it limits the reproductive investment of individuals. The disease has become the main destabilizing factor in many populations of Iberian ibex.
877:
Serrano, Emmanuel; Granados, Jose
Enrique; Sarasa, Mathieu; GonzĂĄlez, Francisco Jose; Fandos, Paulino; Soriguer, Ramon C.; PĂ©rez, Jesus M. (2011). "The Effects of Winter Severity and Population Density on Body Stores in the Iberian Wild Goat
545:
have decreased significantly over the last centuries. This is probably due to a combination of contributing factors such as hunting pressure, agricultural development and habitat deterioration. Around 1890, one of its subspecies,
478:
food. This would be the ideal trend of movement since the spring season is more abundant in food resources meaning that there is more competition for food resources forcing some to trek farther in order to obtain food.
423:
subspecies, either up again or down. The annual horn growth is influenced principally by age but can also be contributed by environmental factors and the growth made in the previous year. The
Iberian ibex also shows
957:
Sarasa, M.; Serrano, E.; PĂ©rez, J. M.; Soriguer, R. C.; Gonzalez, G.; Joachim, J.; Fandos, P. & Granados, J. E. (2010). "Effects of season, age, and body condition on allocation to testes mass in
Iberian ibex".
746:
Folch, J.; Cocero, M. J.; Chesne, P.; Alabart, J. L.; Dominguez, V.; Cognie, Y.; Roche, A.; Fernandez-Arias, A.; Marti, J. I.; Sanchez, P.; Echegoyen, E.; Beckers, J. F.; Bonastre, A. S. & Vignon, X. (2009).
487:
ages that are associated with a subordinate status and a coursing, rather than mate-guarding, reproductive strategy. Mixed groups are also common during the rest of the winter. During the birth season, the
658:
Perez, Jesus M.; Granados, Jose E.; Soriguer, Ramon C.; Fandos, Paulino; Marquez, Francisco J.; Crampe, Jean P. (2002). "Distribution, status and conservation problems of the
Spanish Ibex,
566:. There are also a number of threats to the future preservation of the Iberian ibex such as population overabundance, disease, and potential competition with domestic livestock and other
1049:
Sarasa, M.; Rambozzi, L.; Rossi, L.; Meneguz, P. G.; Serrano, E.; Granados, J. E.; GonzĂĄlez, F. J.; Fandos, P.; Soriguer, R. C.; Gonzalez, G.; Joachim, J. & PĂ©rez, J. M. (2010). "
427:, with the male being larger in size and weight and also having larger horns than the female. The bones of the female ibex ossify nearly two years before the bones of the male.
995:
1110:
Sarasa, M.; Serrano, E.; Soriguer, R. C.; Granados, J.-E.; Fandos, P.; Gonzalez, G.; Joachim, J. & PĂ©rez, J. M. (2011). "Negative effect of the arthropod parasite,
851:
534:
5807:
804:
407:
5885:
5846:
526:
5962:
601:
Herrero, J.; Acevedo, P.; Arnal, M.C.; FernĂĄndez de Luco, D.; Fonseca, C.; GarcĂa-GonzĂĄlez, R.; PĂ©rez, J.M. & Sourp, E. (2021) .
5781:
5820:
1216:
5864:
5825:
563:
5982:
703:
and the concomitant steps towards the 'wild-to-domestic' transformation of a flagship species and its vernacular names".
5977:
5760:
5890:
5773:
562:, had lost most of its range. It finally became extinct in January 2000, when the last adult female died in the
5872:
1568:
2357:
5708:
5859:
929:"Relationships between movement rate, agnostic displacements and forage availability in Spanish ibexes (
5972:
1637:
1209:
699:
Sarasa, Mathieu; Alasaad, Samer; PĂ©rez, JesĂșs M. (2012). "Common names of species, the curious case of
259:
5681:
4614:
1559:
1550:
1186:
361:
266:
253:
247:
4401:
625:
99:
5050:
4443:
2339:
1480:
1172:
5929:
4563:
1999:
5967:
5812:
5643:
2101:
1807:
1726:
231:
5924:
5251:
4281:
2506:
1735:
1619:
1202:
352:", although the clone died several minutes after birth due to physical defects in its lungs.
214:
5939:
5916:
5729:
5690:
5558:
5324:
5315:
5260:
4885:
4849:
4822:
4230:
4221:
3666:
3657:
2023:
1882:
1825:
1771:
712:
466:
411:
371:
344:
the
Pyrenean ibex resulted in one clone being born alive in July 2003, making it the first
5838:
8:
5504:
5206:
5197:
4945:
4813:
4786:
4722:
4383:
4263:
4212:
1891:
1798:
1389:
769:
748:
64:
5695:
716:
5591:
5582:
4954:
4894:
4876:
4858:
4804:
4777:
4768:
4392:
4374:
4308:
4001:
3727:
3204:
3195:
2914:
2348:
1816:
1628:
1610:
1489:
1092:
909:
728:
94:
600:
500:
5911:
5716:
5224:
5215:
4903:
4831:
4759:
4590:
4572:
4425:
3375:
2770:
2761:
2613:
2515:
2294:
2261:
2204:
2074:
1601:
1462:
1145:
1084:
971:
827:
774:
675:
602:
573:
Recently ibexes from southern Spain have become exposed to disease outbreaks such as
424:
321:
913:
570:, along with the negative effects of human disturbance through tourism and hunting.
555:
5618:
5372:
5363:
5242:
5083:
5074:
4867:
4539:
4530:
4478:
4469:
4317:
4290:
4203:
3983:
3591:
3017:
3008:
2998:
2971:
2692:
2561:
1762:
1753:
1744:
1526:
1517:
1453:
1380:
1371:
1135:
1127:
1109:
1096:
1074:
1066:
975:
967:
899:
891:
831:
823:
764:
732:
720:
679:
671:
620:
530:
415:
5721:
1070:
1020:
928:
47:
5898:
5348:
5339:
5287:
5278:
5059:
3916:
3907:
3384:
2980:
2032:
1942:
1780:
1592:
1471:
1444:
1435:
1131:
574:
551:
381:
333:
5877:
5851:
956:
558:
and
Galicia. By the mid-nineteenth century, another of the four subspecies, the
5768:
5755:
5548:
5486:
5116:
5107:
4632:
4581:
4502:
4493:
4434:
4272:
3974:
3796:
3787:
3342:
3309:
3291:
2779:
2589:
2464:
2303:
1291:
1263:
1194:
895:
745:
724:
5956:
5833:
5666:
5173:
5155:
5041:
4978:
4969:
4028:
3763:
3736:
3507:
3417:
3408:
3393:
3258:
3222:
3177:
3114:
3105:
2622:
2580:
2473:
2439:
2429:
2330:
2312:
1975:
1924:
1834:
1398:
1048:
611:
559:
391:
349:
337:
191:
84:
79:
852:"Ibex population thrives in French Pyrenees a century after being wiped out"
488:
5567:
5536:
5426:
5098:
4912:
4840:
4713:
4656:
4647:
4365:
4299:
4061:
4019:
3934:
3745:
3465:
3456:
3318:
3138:
3129:
2871:
2640:
2321:
2276:
2243:
2014:
1906:
1873:
1789:
1149:
1088:
778:
5903:
5794:
5675:
5188:
4936:
4098:
4052:
4043:
3992:
3944:
3805:
3647:
3240:
3231:
3059:
2853:
2844:
2834:
2728:
2571:
2381:
2372:
2285:
2128:
2050:
1933:
1858:
1849:
1226:
151:
836:
5786:
4795:
4695:
4520:
4112:
3534:
3516:
3267:
2962:
2947:
2938:
2905:
2682:
2488:
2405:
2396:
2171:
2162:
2041:
1966:
1507:
1328:
1140:
1079:
980:
904:
684:
441:
325:
30:
5799:
5742:
5495:
5416:
5269:
5140:
5131:
4605:
4179:
4170:
4155:
4146:
4010:
3582:
3366:
3300:
3186:
2701:
2497:
2186:
2110:
1990:
1541:
1426:
1416:
1310:
1301:
1002:, Ministerio de Agricultura Pesca y AlimentaciĂłn. ICONA-CSIC, Madrid.
505:
445:
111:
5637:
5462:
1000:) en el Parque Natural de las Sierras de Cazorla Segura y las Villas
521:
5747:
5660:
5404:
5032:
4704:
4416:
4254:
4194:
3859:
3558:
3090:
3035:
2923:
2752:
2228:
2219:
2195:
2083:
1957:
1707:
1583:
1279:
1257:
1245:
1181:
567:
474:
171:
131:
1053:: Specific immune response to sarcoptic mange in the Iberian ibex
5609:
5444:
5305:
5164:
4554:
4341:
4332:
4245:
4131:
4122:
4094:
3850:
3754:
3718:
3633:
3629:
3600:
3525:
3213:
3086:
3047:
2631:
2548:
2454:
1717:
1667:
1362:
578:
470:
449:
341:
329:
317:
181:
161:
5734:
5703:
5453:
5022:
4927:
4750:
4740:
4356:
3868:
3708:
3690:
3681:
3567:
3489:
3441:
3432:
2890:
2881:
2816:
2807:
2797:
2719:
2252:
2065:
1915:
1251:
1239:
1167:
437:
277:
141:
121:
5477:
5435:
5010:
4680:
4671:
3965:
3892:
3883:
3814:
3543:
3498:
3357:
3282:
3162:
3153:
2664:
2655:
2147:
2138:
1347:
1338:
876:
345:
4623:
3953:
3841:
3823:
3480:
3333:
2737:
2604:
2420:
1694:
1655:
657:
314:
4091:
5233:
3832:
3778:
2710:
2092:
3083:
465:
The
Iberian ibex is generally a mixed feeder between a
3626:
749:"First birth of an animal from an extinct subspecies (
508:
of the different subspecies of the Iberian ibex, 1950
16:
Species of wild goat endemic to the Iberian Peninsula
1018:
926:
1021:"Alarm calls and flight behaviour in Spanish ibex (
698:
554:, became extinct from its range in the Portuguese
5954:
1224:
882:) in a Highly Seasonal Mountain Environment".
805:"Biology, ecology, and status of Iberian ibex
626:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T3798A195855497.en
481:
1210:
809:: a critical review and research prospectus"
802:
430:
1299:
1217:
1203:
276:
73:
46:
29:
5534:
3006:
1139:
1078:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1008:
979:
903:
835:
798:
796:
794:
792:
790:
788:
768:
692:
683:
624:
5415:
2805:
858:. Agence France-Presse. 3 September 2020
520:
499:
455:
406:
1706:
1277:
1057:depends on previous exposure and sex".
653:
651:
649:
647:
645:
643:
5955:
1424:
1005:
785:
596:
594:
5642:
5641:
5533:
5402:
5401:
5007:
4090:
3625:
3082:
2544:
1690:
1276:
1198:
884:European Journal of Wildlife Research
529:posing with a killed Iberian ibex of
495:
340:became extinct in 2000. A project to
5774:ddb42c45-4197-487e-9051-56e9c3d9b4a5
2842:
1019:Alados, C.L. & Escos J. (1988).
927:Escos J. & Alados, C.L. (1987).
920:
770:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.11.005
640:
5963:IUCN Red List least concern species
1691:
612:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
591:
13:
5008:
2545:
1114:, on testes mass in Iberian ibex,
402:
14:
5994:
1160:
328:have been described; two are now
285:Distribution of the Iberian ibex
1180:
1166:
972:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00689.x
828:10.1111/j.1365-2907.2008.00138.x
676:10.1046/j.1365-2907.2002.00097.x
336:became extinct in 1892, and the
98:
1569:Sri Lankan spotted chevrotain (
1103:
1042:
988:
516:
2358:Central American red brocket (
950:
870:
844:
739:
577:, the animal version of human
1:
1071:10.1016/j.exppara.2009.10.008
705:Biodiversity and Conservation
584:
355:
3065:Large subfamily listed below
3053:Large subfamily listed below
3041:Large subfamily listed below
1132:10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.10.024
7:
1560:Yellow-striped chevrotain (
1551:Indian spotted chevrotain (
662:(Mammalia: Artiodactyla)".
482:Reproduction and life cycle
10:
5999:
5983:Habitats Directive species
260:Capra pyrenaica lusitanica
5978:Mammals described in 1838
5650:
5608:
5580:
5556:
5547:
5543:
5529:
5496:Dromedary/Arabian camel (
5487:Domestic Bactrian camel (
5475:
5424:
5411:
5397:
5361:
5337:
5313:
5304:
5186:
5153:
5129:
5096:
5072:
5051:North Sulawesi babirusa (
5030:
5021:
5017:
5003:
4967:
4925:
4748:
4739:
4693:
4669:
4645:
4603:
4552:
4528:
4519:
4491:
4467:
4460:
4414:
4354:
4330:
4243:
4192:
4168:
4144:
4120:
4111:
4107:
4086:
4041:
3942:
3933:
3905:
3881:
3776:
3716:
3707:
3679:
3655:
3646:
3642:
3621:
3580:
3556:
3478:
3454:
3430:
3406:
3355:
3331:
3280:
3175:
3151:
3127:
3103:
3099:
3078:
3058:
3046:
3034:
2997:
2960:
2936:
2903:
2879:
2870:
2833:
2796:
2750:
2690:
2681:
2653:
2602:
2569:
2560:
2556:
2540:
2486:
2452:
2418:
2394:
2370:
2340:Amazonian brown brocket (
2274:
2241:
2217:
2184:
2160:
2136:
2127:
2063:
2012:
1988:
1955:
1904:
1871:
1847:
1715:
1702:
1686:
1673:Large family listed below
1666:
1661:Large family listed below
1654:
1638:Williamson's mouse-deer (
1581:
1539:
1515:
1506:
1415:
1360:
1336:
1327:
1290:
1286:
1272:
1234:
1059:Experimental Parasitology
896:10.1007/s10344-010-0398-5
751:Capra pyrenaica pyrenaica
725:10.1007/s10531-011-0172-3
535:11th Marquess of Valdueza
366:Capra pyrenaica hispanica
362:Southeastern Iberian ibex
284:
275:
267:Capra pyrenaica pyrenaica
254:Capra pyrenaica victoriae
248:Capra pyrenaica hispanica
244:
239:
220:
213:
95:Scientific classification
93:
71:
62:
54:
45:
37:
28:
23:
3737:Domestic water buffalo (
2102:Central Asian red deer (
1727:Bornean yellow muntjac (
431:Distribution and habitat
388:Schlegel, 1872 (extinct)
4615:Bates' pygmy antelope (
4402:Soemmerring's gazelle (
2507:Yucatan brown brocket (
1736:Hairy-fronted muntjac (
1620:Philippine mouse-deer (
1120:Veterinary Parasitology
548:C. pyrenaica lusitanica
460:
5325:White-lipped peccary (
5261:Philippine warty pig (
4886:Yellow-backed duiker (
4850:Black-fronted duiker (
4823:White-bellied duiker (
4444:Przewalski's gazelle (
3667:Four-horned antelope (
2465:Peruvian Yungas pudu (
2024:Visayan spotted deer (
1883:European fallow deer (
1826:Northern red muntjac (
1772:Southern red muntjac (
538:
533:, photographed by the
509:
440:Pyrenees. It has been
419:
398:Schinz, 1838 (extinct)
5925:Paleobiology Database
5505:Wild Bactrian camel (
5207:Bornean bearded pig (
5198:Palawan bearded pig (
4787:White-legged duiker (
4213:Red-fronted gazelle (
1892:Persian fallow deer (
1808:Roosevelt's muntjac (
1481:Himalayan musk deer (
1390:Reticulated giraffe (
619:: e.T3798A195855497.
524:
503:
456:Behaviour and ecology
410:
301:), also known as the
5769:Fauna Europaea (new)
5592:Pygmy hippopotamus (
5252:Oliver's warty pig (
4877:Red-flanked duiker (
4282:Erlanger's gazelle (
4002:Harnessed bushbuck (
3728:Wild water buffalo (
3205:East Caucasian tur (
3196:West Caucasian tur (
2349:Little red brocket (
1817:Truong Son muntjac (
1629:Vietnam mouse-deer (
1611:Greater mouse-deer (
1490:Siberian musk deer (
1177:at Wikimedia Commons
803:Acevedo, P. (2009).
564:Ordesa National Park
550:, also known as the
412:Western Spanish ibex
372:Western Iberian ibex
5225:Celebes warty pig (
5216:Visayan warty pig (
4832:Red forest duiker (
4564:GĂŒnther's dik-dik (
4426:Mongolian gazelle (
4231:Heuglin's gazelle (
4222:Thomson's gazelle (
3376:Long-tailed goral (
2771:Mountain reedbuck (
2762:Southern reedbuck (
2614:East African oryx (
2516:White-tailed deer (
2295:Small red brocket (
2262:South Andean deer (
2205:Siberian roe deer (
2196:European roe deer (
2033:Philippine sambar (
2000:PĂšre David's deer (
1602:Lesser mouse-deer (
1463:Kashmir musk deer (
1032:Biology of Behavior
717:2012BiCon..21....1S
541:The populations of
65:Conservation status
5373:Collared peccary (
5243:Flores warty pig (
5084:Giant forest hog (
4946:Maxwell's duiker (
4868:Ruwenzori duiker (
4814:Jentink's duiker (
4723:Sharpe's grysbok (
4479:Tibetan antelope (
4384:Bright's gazelle (
4318:Goitered gazelle (
4291:Mountain gazelle (
4264:Cuvier's gazelle (
4204:Mongalla gazelle (
3592:Pyrenean chamois (
3018:Tibetan antelope (
2972:Black wildebeest (
1799:Reeves's muntjac (
1763:Sumatran muntjac (
1754:Gongshan muntjac (
1527:Water chevrotain (
1454:Alpine musk deer (
1381:Southern giraffe (
1372:Northern giraffe (
994:Fandos, P. (1991)
960:Journal of Zoology
940:Behavioral Biology
539:
510:
496:Predatory response
420:
364:or Beceite ibex â
313:, is a species of
5973:Mammals of Europe
5950:
5949:
5912:Open Tree of Life
5644:Taxon identifiers
5635:
5634:
5631:
5630:
5627:
5626:
5604:
5603:
5525:
5524:
5521:
5520:
5517:
5516:
5393:
5392:
5389:
5388:
5385:
5384:
5349:Chacoan peccary (
5300:
5299:
5288:Javan warty pig (
5279:Timor warty pig (
5086:H. meinertzhageni
5060:Togian babirusa (
4999:
4998:
4995:
4994:
4991:
4990:
4955:Walter's duiker (
4895:Abbott's duiker (
4859:Ogilby's duiker (
4805:Harvey's duiker (
4769:Brooke's duiker (
4735:
4734:
4515:
4514:
4456:
4455:
4393:Peter's gazelle (
4375:Grant's gazelle (
4309:Speke's gazelle (
4082:
4081:
4078:
4077:
4074:
4073:
3959:
3929:
3928:
3917:African buffalo (
3748:B. depressicornis
3703:
3702:
3617:
3616:
3613:
3612:
3385:Himalayan goral (
3207:C. cylindricornis
3074:
3073:
3070:
3069:
3030:
3029:
2993:
2992:
2981:Blue wildebeest (
2915:Common tsessebe (
2866:
2865:
2829:
2828:
2792:
2791:
2704:K. ellipsiprymnus
2677:
2676:
2536:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2528:
2527:
2476:P. mephistophiles
2432:P. mephistophiles
2123:
2122:
1819:M. truongsonensis
1781:Pu Hoat muntjac (
1682:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1650:
1649:
1593:Java mouse-deer (
1502:
1501:
1472:Black musk deer (
1445:Dwarf musk deer (
1436:Anhui musk deer (
1411:
1410:
1374:G. camelopardalis
1323:
1322:
1171:Media related to
1112:Sarcoptes scabiei
1051:Sarcoptes scabiei
996:La cabra montés (
425:sexual dimorphism
374:or Gredos ibex â
322:Iberian Peninsula
311:Iberian wild goat
307:Spanish wild goat
289:
288:
206:C. pyrenaica
88:
5990:
5943:
5942:
5933:
5932:
5920:
5919:
5907:
5906:
5894:
5893:
5881:
5880:
5878:NHMSYS0000376478
5868:
5867:
5855:
5854:
5842:
5841:
5829:
5828:
5816:
5815:
5803:
5802:
5790:
5789:
5777:
5776:
5764:
5763:
5751:
5750:
5738:
5737:
5725:
5724:
5712:
5711:
5699:
5698:
5686:
5685:
5684:
5671:
5670:
5669:
5639:
5638:
5554:
5553:
5545:
5544:
5531:
5530:
5422:
5421:
5413:
5412:
5399:
5398:
5311:
5310:
5117:Common warthog (
5108:Desert warthog (
5028:
5027:
5019:
5018:
5005:
5004:
4904:Weyns's duiker (
4778:Peters' duiker (
4760:Aders's duiker (
4746:
4745:
4633:Royal antelope (
4591:Salt's dik-dik (
4582:Silver dik-dik (
4573:Kirk's dik-dik (
4526:
4525:
4503:Saiga antelope (
4465:
4464:
4404:N. soemmerringii
4273:Dorcas gazelle (
4118:
4117:
4109:
4108:
4102:
4088:
4087:
3975:Mountain nyala (
3958:
3957:
3949:
3940:
3939:
3895:P. nghetinhensis
3797:European bison (
3788:American bison (
3714:
3713:
3653:
3652:
3644:
3643:
3637:
3623:
3622:
3499:Domestic sheep (
3343:Himalayan tahr (
3310:Mainland serow (
3292:Japanese serow (
3101:
3100:
3094:
3080:
3079:
3004:
3003:
2877:
2876:
2840:
2839:
2803:
2802:
2780:Bohor reedbuck (
2688:
2687:
2667:A. nasomaculatus
2590:Sable antelope (
2567:
2566:
2558:
2557:
2551:
2542:
2541:
2304:Merida brocket (
2134:
2133:
2075:Thorold's deer (
1927:A. calamianensis
1810:M. rooseveltorum
1756:M. gongshanensis
1713:
1712:
1704:
1703:
1697:
1688:
1687:
1513:
1512:
1422:
1421:
1401:G. tippelskirchi
1334:
1333:
1297:
1296:
1288:
1287:
1274:
1273:
1219:
1212:
1205:
1196:
1195:
1185:Data related to
1184:
1170:
1154:
1153:
1143:
1126:(3â4): 306â312.
1107:
1101:
1100:
1082:
1046:
1040:
1039:
1029:
1023:Capra pyrencaica
1016:
1003:
992:
986:
985:
983:
954:
948:
947:
937:
924:
918:
917:
907:
874:
868:
867:
865:
863:
848:
842:
841:
839:
813:
800:
783:
782:
772:
763:(6): 1026â1034.
743:
737:
736:
696:
690:
689:
687:
655:
638:
637:
635:
633:
628:
598:
504:Typical Spanish
416:Sierra de Gredos
386:C. p. lusitanica
280:
226:
103:
102:
82:
77:
76:
50:
33:
21:
20:
5998:
5997:
5993:
5992:
5991:
5989:
5988:
5987:
5953:
5952:
5951:
5946:
5938:
5936:
5928:
5923:
5915:
5910:
5902:
5899:Observation.org
5897:
5889:
5884:
5876:
5871:
5863:
5858:
5850:
5845:
5837:
5832:
5824:
5819:
5811:
5806:
5798:
5793:
5785:
5780:
5772:
5767:
5759:
5754:
5746:
5741:
5733:
5728:
5720:
5715:
5709:capra-pyrenaica
5707:
5702:
5696:Capra_pyrenaica
5694:
5689:
5682:Capra pyrenaica
5680:
5679:
5674:
5665:
5664:
5659:
5652:Capra pyrenaica
5646:
5636:
5623:
5600:
5576:
5539:
5513:
5471:
5407:
5381:
5357:
5333:
5296:
5263:S. philippensis
5200:S. ahoenobarbus
5182:
5174:Red river hog (
5149:
5125:
5092:
5068:
5042:Buru babirusa (
5013:
4987:
4979:Common duiker (
4963:
4921:
4731:
4689:
4665:
4641:
4599:
4548:
4511:
4487:
4452:
4437:P. picticaudata
4410:
4350:
4326:
4320:G. subgutturosa
4239:
4188:
4164:
4140:
4103:
4092:
4070:
4037:
4029:Cape bushbuck (
4022:T. strepsiceros
3951:
3950:
3948:
3925:
3901:
3877:
3772:
3764:Mountain anoa (
3699:
3693:B. tragocamelus
3675:
3669:T. quadricornis
3638:
3627:
3609:
3576:
3552:
3508:Bighorn sheep (
3474:
3450:
3426:
3418:Mountain goat (
3402:
3394:Chinese goral (
3351:
3327:
3312:C. sumatraensis
3276:
3259:Siberian ibex (
3223:Domestic goat (
3171:
3147:
3123:
3115:Barbary sheep (
3095:
3084:
3066:
3054:
3042:
3026:
2989:
2956:
2932:
2899:
2862:
2825:
2788:
2746:
2673:
2649:
2623:Scimitar oryx (
2598:
2581:Roan antelope (
2552:
2546:
2524:
2482:
2474:Northern pudu (
2448:
2440:Southern pudu (
2430:Northern pudu (
2414:
2390:
2366:
2331:Pygmy brocket (
2313:Dwarf brocket (
2270:
2237:
2213:
2180:
2156:
2119:
2059:
2008:
1984:
1951:
1925:Calamian deer (
1900:
1894:D. mesopotamica
1867:
1843:
1837:M. vuquangensis
1835:Giant muntjac (
1745:Fea's muntjac (
1698:
1692:
1674:
1662:
1646:
1577:
1535:
1498:
1456:M. chrysogaster
1407:
1399:Masai giraffe (
1356:
1319:
1282:
1268:
1230:
1223:
1188:Capra pyrenaica
1174:Capra pyrenaica
1163:
1158:
1157:
1116:Capra pyrenaica
1108:
1104:
1055:Capra pyrenaica
1047:
1043:
1027:
1017:
1006:
998:Capra pyrenaica
993:
989:
955:
951:
935:
931:Capra pyrenaica
925:
921:
880:Capra pyrenaica
875:
871:
861:
859:
850:
849:
845:
811:
807:Capra pyrenaica
801:
786:
744:
740:
701:Capra pyrenaica
697:
693:
660:Capra pyrenaica
656:
641:
631:
629:
605:Capra pyrenaica
599:
592:
587:
575:sarcoptic mange
552:Portuguese ibex
543:Capra pyrenaica
519:
498:
484:
463:
458:
433:
405:
403:Characteristics
396:C. p. pyrenaica
382:Portuguese ibex
376:C. p. victoriae
358:
334:Portuguese ibex
298:Capra pyrenaica
264:
257:
251:
235:
228:
224:Capra pyrenaica
222:
209:
97:
89:
78:
74:
67:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5996:
5986:
5985:
5980:
5975:
5970:
5965:
5948:
5947:
5945:
5944:
5934:
5921:
5908:
5895:
5882:
5869:
5856:
5843:
5830:
5817:
5804:
5791:
5778:
5765:
5756:Fauna Europaea
5752:
5739:
5726:
5713:
5700:
5687:
5672:
5656:
5654:
5648:
5647:
5633:
5632:
5629:
5628:
5625:
5624:
5622:
5621:
5614:
5612:
5606:
5605:
5602:
5601:
5599:
5598:
5594:C. liberiensis
5588:
5586:
5578:
5577:
5575:
5574:
5568:Hippopotamus (
5564:
5562:
5551:
5549:Hippopotamidae
5541:
5540:
5527:
5526:
5523:
5522:
5519:
5518:
5515:
5514:
5512:
5511:
5502:
5498:C. dromedarius
5493:
5483:
5481:
5473:
5472:
5470:
5469:
5460:
5451:
5442:
5432:
5430:
5419:
5409:
5408:
5395:
5394:
5391:
5390:
5387:
5386:
5383:
5382:
5380:
5379:
5369:
5367:
5359:
5358:
5356:
5355:
5345:
5343:
5335:
5334:
5332:
5331:
5321:
5319:
5308:
5302:
5301:
5298:
5297:
5295:
5294:
5285:
5281:S. timoriensis
5276:
5267:
5258:
5249:
5240:
5234:Domestic pig (
5231:
5222:
5213:
5204:
5194:
5192:
5184:
5183:
5181:
5180:
5171:
5161:
5159:
5151:
5150:
5148:
5147:
5137:
5135:
5127:
5126:
5124:
5123:
5114:
5110:P. aethiopicus
5104:
5102:
5094:
5093:
5091:
5090:
5080:
5078:
5070:
5069:
5067:
5066:
5062:B. togeanensis
5057:
5048:
5038:
5036:
5025:
5015:
5014:
5001:
5000:
4997:
4996:
4993:
4992:
4989:
4988:
4986:
4985:
4975:
4973:
4965:
4964:
4962:
4961:
4952:
4943:
4933:
4931:
4923:
4922:
4920:
4919:
4913:Zebra duiker (
4910:
4901:
4892:
4888:C. silvicultor
4883:
4874:
4865:
4856:
4847:
4841:Black duiker (
4838:
4829:
4825:C. leucogaster
4820:
4811:
4802:
4793:
4784:
4775:
4766:
4756:
4754:
4743:
4737:
4736:
4733:
4732:
4730:
4729:
4720:
4714:Cape grysbok (
4711:
4701:
4699:
4691:
4690:
4688:
4687:
4677:
4675:
4667:
4666:
4664:
4663:
4657:Klipspringer (
4653:
4651:
4643:
4642:
4640:
4639:
4630:
4621:
4611:
4609:
4601:
4600:
4598:
4597:
4588:
4584:M. piacentinii
4579:
4570:
4560:
4558:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4546:
4536:
4534:
4523:
4517:
4516:
4513:
4512:
4510:
4509:
4499:
4497:
4489:
4488:
4486:
4485:
4475:
4473:
4462:
4458:
4457:
4454:
4453:
4451:
4450:
4446:P. przewalskii
4441:
4432:
4422:
4420:
4412:
4411:
4409:
4408:
4399:
4390:
4381:
4372:
4366:Dama gazelle (
4362:
4360:
4352:
4351:
4349:
4348:
4338:
4336:
4328:
4327:
4325:
4324:
4315:
4306:
4300:Rhim gazelle (
4297:
4288:
4279:
4270:
4261:
4251:
4249:
4241:
4240:
4238:
4237:
4228:
4219:
4210:
4200:
4198:
4190:
4189:
4187:
4186:
4176:
4174:
4166:
4165:
4163:
4162:
4158:A. marsupialis
4152:
4150:
4142:
4141:
4139:
4138:
4128:
4126:
4115:
4105:
4104:
4084:
4083:
4080:
4079:
4076:
4075:
4072:
4071:
4069:
4068:
4062:Common eland (
4059:
4049:
4047:
4039:
4038:
4036:
4035:
4026:
4020:Greater kudu (
4017:
4008:
3999:
3990:
3981:
3972:
3962:
3960:
3937:
3931:
3930:
3927:
3926:
3924:
3923:
3913:
3911:
3903:
3902:
3900:
3899:
3889:
3887:
3879:
3878:
3876:
3875:
3866:
3857:
3848:
3839:
3833:Domestic yak (
3830:
3821:
3812:
3803:
3794:
3784:
3782:
3774:
3773:
3771:
3770:
3761:
3757:B. mindorensis
3752:
3746:Lowland anoa (
3743:
3734:
3724:
3722:
3711:
3705:
3704:
3701:
3700:
3698:
3697:
3687:
3685:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3673:
3663:
3661:
3650:
3640:
3639:
3619:
3618:
3615:
3614:
3611:
3610:
3608:
3607:
3598:
3588:
3586:
3578:
3577:
3575:
3574:
3564:
3562:
3554:
3553:
3551:
3550:
3541:
3532:
3523:
3514:
3505:
3496:
3486:
3484:
3476:
3475:
3473:
3472:
3466:Nilgiri tahr (
3462:
3460:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3448:
3438:
3436:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3424:
3414:
3412:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3400:
3391:
3382:
3373:
3363:
3361:
3353:
3352:
3350:
3349:
3339:
3337:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3325:
3319:Taiwan serow (
3316:
3307:
3298:
3288:
3286:
3278:
3277:
3275:
3274:
3265:
3256:
3250:Iberian ibex (
3247:
3238:
3229:
3220:
3211:
3202:
3193:
3183:
3181:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3159:
3157:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3145:
3139:Arabian tahr (
3135:
3133:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3121:
3111:
3109:
3097:
3096:
3076:
3075:
3072:
3071:
3068:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3056:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3044:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3032:
3031:
3028:
3027:
3025:
3024:
3014:
3012:
3001:
2995:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2988:
2987:
2978:
2968:
2966:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2954:
2944:
2942:
2934:
2933:
2931:
2930:
2921:
2911:
2909:
2901:
2900:
2898:
2897:
2887:
2885:
2874:
2868:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2860:
2850:
2848:
2837:
2831:
2830:
2827:
2826:
2824:
2823:
2813:
2811:
2800:
2794:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2786:
2777:
2773:R. fulvorufula
2768:
2758:
2756:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2744:
2735:
2726:
2717:
2708:
2698:
2696:
2685:
2679:
2678:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2671:
2661:
2659:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2647:
2641:Arabian oryx (
2638:
2629:
2620:
2610:
2608:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2596:
2587:
2577:
2575:
2564:
2554:
2553:
2538:
2537:
2534:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2522:
2518:O. virginianus
2513:
2504:
2494:
2492:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2471:
2461:
2459:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2446:
2437:
2426:
2424:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2412:
2402:
2400:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2388:
2384:O. bezoarticus
2378:
2376:
2368:
2367:
2365:
2364:
2355:
2346:
2337:
2328:
2324:M. gouazoubira
2322:Gray brocket (
2319:
2310:
2301:
2292:
2282:
2280:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2268:
2259:
2249:
2247:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2235:
2225:
2223:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2211:
2202:
2192:
2190:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2178:
2168:
2166:
2158:
2157:
2155:
2154:
2144:
2142:
2131:
2125:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2117:
2108:
2099:
2090:
2081:
2077:C. albirostris
2071:
2069:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2057:
2048:
2039:
2030:
2020:
2018:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2006:
1996:
1994:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1982:
1973:
1963:
1961:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1940:
1931:
1922:
1912:
1910:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1898:
1889:
1879:
1877:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1865:
1861:E. cephalophus
1855:
1853:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1841:
1832:
1823:
1814:
1805:
1796:
1790:Leaf muntjac (
1787:
1783:M. puhoatensis
1778:
1769:
1760:
1751:
1742:
1733:
1723:
1721:
1710:
1700:
1699:
1684:
1683:
1680:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1640:T. williamsoni
1635:
1626:
1617:
1608:
1599:
1589:
1587:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1575:
1566:
1557:
1547:
1545:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1523:
1521:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1496:
1492:M. moschiferus
1487:
1483:M. leucogaster
1478:
1469:
1460:
1451:
1447:M. berezovskii
1442:
1432:
1430:
1419:
1413:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1405:
1396:
1387:
1378:
1368:
1366:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1354:
1344:
1342:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1317:
1307:
1305:
1294:
1292:Antilocapridae
1284:
1283:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1264:Laurasiatheria
1260:
1254:
1248:
1242:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1222:
1221:
1214:
1207:
1199:
1193:
1192:
1191:at Wikispecies
1178:
1162:
1161:External links
1159:
1156:
1155:
1102:
1065:(3): 265â271.
1041:
1004:
987:
966:(2): 125â131.
949:
919:
869:
843:
784:
757:Theriogenology
738:
691:
639:
589:
588:
586:
583:
556:Serra do GerĂȘs
518:
515:
497:
494:
483:
480:
462:
459:
457:
454:
432:
429:
404:
401:
400:
399:
389:
379:
369:
368:Schimper, 1848
357:
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281:
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124:
119:
115:
114:
109:
105:
104:
91:
90:
72:
69:
68:
63:
60:
59:
57:C.p. hispanica
52:
51:
43:
42:
40:C.p. hispanica
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5995:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5971:
5969:
5968:Capra (genus)
5966:
5964:
5961:
5960:
5958:
5941:
5935:
5931:
5926:
5922:
5918:
5913:
5909:
5905:
5900:
5896:
5892:
5887:
5883:
5879:
5874:
5870:
5866:
5861:
5857:
5853:
5848:
5844:
5840:
5835:
5831:
5827:
5822:
5818:
5814:
5809:
5805:
5801:
5796:
5792:
5788:
5783:
5779:
5775:
5770:
5766:
5762:
5757:
5753:
5749:
5744:
5740:
5736:
5731:
5727:
5723:
5718:
5714:
5710:
5705:
5701:
5697:
5692:
5688:
5683:
5677:
5673:
5668:
5662:
5658:
5657:
5655:
5653:
5649:
5645:
5640:
5620:
5616:
5615:
5613:
5611:
5607:
5597:
5595:
5590:
5589:
5587:
5585:
5584:
5579:
5573:
5571:
5566:
5565:
5563:
5561:
5560:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5546:
5542:
5538:
5532:
5528:
5510:
5508:
5503:
5501:
5499:
5494:
5492:
5490:
5489:C. bactrianus
5485:
5484:
5482:
5480:
5479:
5474:
5468:
5466:
5461:
5459:
5457:
5452:
5450:
5448:
5443:
5441:
5439:
5434:
5433:
5431:
5429:
5428:
5423:
5420:
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5410:
5406:
5400:
5396:
5378:
5376:
5371:
5370:
5368:
5366:
5365:
5360:
5354:
5352:
5347:
5346:
5344:
5342:
5341:
5336:
5330:
5328:
5323:
5322:
5320:
5318:
5317:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5303:
5293:
5291:
5290:S. verrucosus
5286:
5284:
5282:
5277:
5275:
5273:
5268:
5266:
5264:
5259:
5257:
5255:
5250:
5248:
5246:
5241:
5239:
5237:
5236:S. domesticus
5232:
5230:
5228:
5227:S. celebensis
5223:
5221:
5219:
5214:
5212:
5210:
5205:
5203:
5201:
5196:
5195:
5193:
5191:
5190:
5185:
5179:
5177:
5172:
5170:
5168:
5163:
5162:
5160:
5158:
5157:
5156:Potamochoerus
5152:
5146:
5144:
5139:
5138:
5136:
5134:
5133:
5128:
5122:
5120:
5115:
5113:
5111:
5106:
5105:
5103:
5101:
5100:
5095:
5089:
5087:
5082:
5081:
5079:
5077:
5076:
5071:
5065:
5063:
5058:
5056:
5054:
5053:B. celebensis
5049:
5047:
5045:
5040:
5039:
5037:
5035:
5034:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5020:
5016:
5012:
5006:
5002:
4984:
4982:
4977:
4976:
4974:
4972:
4971:
4966:
4960:
4958:
4953:
4951:
4949:
4944:
4942:
4940:
4937:Blue duiker (
4935:
4934:
4932:
4930:
4929:
4924:
4918:
4916:
4911:
4909:
4907:
4902:
4900:
4898:
4893:
4891:
4889:
4884:
4882:
4880:
4875:
4873:
4871:
4866:
4864:
4862:
4857:
4855:
4853:
4852:C. nigrifrons
4848:
4846:
4844:
4839:
4837:
4835:
4834:C. natalensis
4830:
4828:
4826:
4821:
4819:
4817:
4812:
4810:
4808:
4803:
4801:
4799:
4794:
4792:
4790:
4785:
4783:
4781:
4780:C. callipygus
4776:
4774:
4772:
4767:
4765:
4763:
4758:
4757:
4755:
4753:
4752:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4738:
4728:
4726:
4721:
4719:
4717:
4712:
4710:
4708:
4707:R. campestris
4703:
4702:
4700:
4698:
4697:
4692:
4686:
4684:
4679:
4678:
4676:
4674:
4673:
4668:
4662:
4660:
4659:O. oreotragus
4655:
4654:
4652:
4650:
4649:
4644:
4638:
4636:
4631:
4629:
4627:
4622:
4620:
4618:
4613:
4612:
4610:
4608:
4607:
4602:
4596:
4594:
4589:
4587:
4585:
4580:
4578:
4576:
4571:
4569:
4567:
4562:
4561:
4559:
4557:
4556:
4551:
4545:
4543:
4538:
4537:
4535:
4533:
4532:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4518:
4508:
4506:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4496:
4495:
4490:
4484:
4482:
4477:
4476:
4474:
4472:
4471:
4466:
4463:
4459:
4449:
4447:
4442:
4440:
4438:
4433:
4431:
4429:
4424:
4423:
4421:
4419:
4418:
4413:
4407:
4405:
4400:
4398:
4396:
4391:
4389:
4387:
4382:
4380:
4378:
4373:
4371:
4369:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4359:
4358:
4353:
4347:
4345:
4340:
4339:
4337:
4335:
4334:
4329:
4323:
4321:
4316:
4314:
4312:
4307:
4305:
4303:
4302:G. leptoceros
4298:
4296:
4294:
4289:
4287:
4285:
4280:
4278:
4276:
4271:
4269:
4267:
4262:
4260:
4258:
4253:
4252:
4250:
4248:
4247:
4242:
4236:
4234:
4229:
4227:
4225:
4220:
4218:
4216:
4211:
4209:
4207:
4206:E. albonotata
4202:
4201:
4199:
4197:
4196:
4191:
4185:
4183:
4182:A. cervicapra
4178:
4177:
4175:
4173:
4172:
4167:
4161:
4159:
4154:
4153:
4151:
4149:
4148:
4143:
4137:
4135:
4130:
4129:
4127:
4125:
4124:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4110:
4106:
4100:
4096:
4089:
4085:
4067:
4065:
4060:
4058:
4056:
4053:Giant eland (
4051:
4050:
4048:
4046:
4045:
4040:
4034:
4032:
4031:T. sylvaticus
4027:
4025:
4023:
4018:
4016:
4014:
4009:
4007:
4005:
4000:
3998:
3996:
3993:Lesser kudu (
3991:
3989:
3987:
3982:
3980:
3978:
3973:
3971:
3969:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3955:
3947:
3946:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3932:
3922:
3920:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3910:
3909:
3904:
3898:
3896:
3891:
3890:
3888:
3886:
3885:
3880:
3874:
3872:
3867:
3865:
3863:
3858:
3856:
3854:
3849:
3847:
3845:
3840:
3838:
3836:
3831:
3829:
3827:
3822:
3820:
3818:
3813:
3811:
3809:
3808:B. domesticus
3806:Bali cattle (
3804:
3802:
3800:
3795:
3793:
3791:
3786:
3785:
3783:
3781:
3780:
3775:
3769:
3767:
3762:
3760:
3758:
3753:
3751:
3749:
3744:
3742:
3740:
3735:
3733:
3731:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3721:
3720:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3706:
3696:
3694:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3684:
3683:
3678:
3672:
3670:
3665:
3664:
3662:
3660:
3659:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3645:
3641:
3635:
3631:
3624:
3620:
3606:
3604:
3599:
3597:
3595:
3590:
3589:
3587:
3585:
3584:
3579:
3573:
3571:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3555:
3549:
3547:
3542:
3540:
3538:
3533:
3531:
3529:
3524:
3522:
3520:
3515:
3513:
3511:
3510:O. canadensis
3506:
3504:
3502:
3497:
3495:
3493:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3483:
3482:
3477:
3471:
3469:
3464:
3463:
3461:
3459:
3458:
3457:Nilgiritragus
3453:
3447:
3445:
3440:
3439:
3437:
3435:
3434:
3429:
3423:
3421:
3420:O. americanus
3416:
3415:
3413:
3411:
3410:
3405:
3399:
3397:
3392:
3390:
3388:
3383:
3381:
3379:
3374:
3372:
3370:
3365:
3364:
3362:
3360:
3359:
3354:
3348:
3346:
3345:H. jemlahicus
3341:
3340:
3338:
3336:
3335:
3330:
3324:
3322:
3317:
3315:
3313:
3308:
3306:
3304:
3299:
3297:
3295:
3290:
3289:
3287:
3285:
3284:
3279:
3273:
3271:
3266:
3264:
3262:
3257:
3255:
3253:
3248:
3246:
3244:
3241:Nubian ibex (
3239:
3237:
3235:
3232:Alpine ibex (
3230:
3228:
3226:
3221:
3219:
3217:
3212:
3210:
3208:
3203:
3201:
3199:
3194:
3192:
3190:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3180:
3179:
3174:
3168:
3166:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3156:
3155:
3150:
3144:
3142:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3132:
3131:
3126:
3120:
3118:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3108:
3107:
3102:
3098:
3092:
3088:
3081:
3077:
3063:
3061:
3057:
3051:
3049:
3045:
3039:
3037:
3033:
3023:
3021:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3011:
3010:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2999:Pantholopinae
2996:
2986:
2984:
2979:
2977:
2975:
2970:
2969:
2967:
2965:
2964:
2959:
2953:
2951:
2950:A. buselaphus
2946:
2945:
2943:
2941:
2940:
2935:
2929:
2927:
2922:
2920:
2918:
2913:
2912:
2910:
2908:
2907:
2902:
2896:
2894:
2889:
2888:
2886:
2884:
2883:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2869:
2859:
2857:
2854:Grey rhebok (
2852:
2851:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2832:
2822:
2820:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2810:
2809:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2798:Aepycerotinae
2795:
2785:
2783:
2778:
2776:
2774:
2769:
2767:
2765:
2760:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2754:
2749:
2743:
2741:
2736:
2734:
2732:
2729:Nile lechwe (
2727:
2725:
2723:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2709:
2707:
2705:
2700:
2699:
2697:
2695:
2694:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2680:
2670:
2668:
2663:
2662:
2660:
2658:
2657:
2652:
2646:
2644:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2630:
2628:
2626:
2621:
2619:
2617:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2607:
2606:
2601:
2595:
2593:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2579:
2578:
2576:
2574:
2573:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2562:Hippotraginae
2559:
2555:
2550:
2543:
2539:
2521:
2519:
2514:
2512:
2510:
2505:
2503:
2501:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2485:
2479:
2477:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2451:
2445:
2443:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2423:
2422:
2417:
2411:
2409:
2408:B. dichotomus
2404:
2403:
2401:
2399:
2398:
2393:
2387:
2385:
2382:Pampas deer (
2380:
2379:
2377:
2375:
2374:
2369:
2363:
2361:
2356:
2354:
2352:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2342:M. nemorivaga
2338:
2336:
2334:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2320:
2318:
2316:
2311:
2309:
2307:
2302:
2300:
2298:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2286:Red brocket (
2284:
2283:
2281:
2279:
2278:
2273:
2267:
2265:
2260:
2258:
2256:
2255:H. antisensis
2251:
2250:
2248:
2246:
2245:
2240:
2234:
2232:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2222:
2221:
2216:
2210:
2208:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2189:
2188:
2183:
2177:
2175:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2164:
2159:
2153:
2151:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2126:
2116:
2114:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2095:C. canadensis
2091:
2089:
2087:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2067:
2062:
2056:
2054:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2044:R. timorensis
2040:
2038:
2036:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2011:
2005:
2003:
2002:E. davidianus
1998:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1992:
1987:
1981:
1979:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1969:R. duvaucelii
1965:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1959:
1954:
1948:
1946:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1934:Bawean deer (
1932:
1930:
1928:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1908:
1903:
1897:
1895:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1870:
1864:
1862:
1859:Tufted deer (
1857:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1846:
1840:
1838:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1806:
1804:
1802:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1792:M. putaoensis
1788:
1786:
1784:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1738:M. crinifrons
1734:
1732:
1730:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1719:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1696:
1689:
1685:
1671:
1669:
1665:
1659:
1657:
1653:
1643:
1641:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1631:T. versicolor
1627:
1625:
1623:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1585:
1580:
1574:
1572:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1543:
1538:
1532:
1530:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1505:
1495:
1493:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1438:M. anhuiensis
1434:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1428:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1404:
1402:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1392:G. reticulata
1388:
1386:
1384:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1364:
1359:
1353:
1351:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1340:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1326:
1316:
1314:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1275:
1271:
1265:
1261:
1259:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1228:
1220:
1215:
1213:
1208:
1206:
1201:
1200:
1197:
1190:
1189:
1183:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1106:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1045:
1037:
1033:
1026:
1024:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1001:
999:
991:
982:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
953:
945:
941:
934:
932:
923:
915:
911:
906:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
873:
857:
853:
847:
838:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
816:Mammal Review
810:
808:
799:
797:
795:
793:
791:
789:
780:
776:
771:
766:
762:
758:
754:
753:) by cloning"
752:
742:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
695:
686:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
664:Mammal Review
661:
654:
652:
650:
648:
646:
644:
627:
622:
618:
614:
613:
608:
606:
597:
595:
590:
582:
580:
576:
571:
569:
565:
561:
560:Pyrenean ibex
557:
553:
549:
544:
536:
532:
528:
527:Count of Teba
523:
514:
507:
502:
493:
490:
479:
476:
472:
468:
453:
451:
448:and possibly
447:
443:
439:
428:
426:
417:
413:
409:
397:
393:
392:Pyrenean ibex
390:
387:
383:
380:
378:Cabrera, 1911
377:
373:
370:
367:
363:
360:
359:
353:
351:
347:
343:
339:
338:Pyrenean ibex
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
299:
294:
283:
279:
274:
271:
269:
268:
262:
261:
256:
255:
250:
249:
243:
238:
233:
227:
225:
219:
216:
215:Binomial name
212:
208:
207:
202:
199:
198:
195:
194:
190:
187:
186:
183:
180:
177:
176:
173:
170:
167:
166:
163:
160:
157:
156:
153:
150:
147:
146:
143:
140:
137:
136:
133:
130:
127:
126:
123:
120:
117:
116:
113:
110:
107:
106:
101:
96:
92:
86:
81:
80:Least Concern
70:
66:
61:
58:
53:
49:
44:
41:
36:
32:
27:
24:Iberian ibex
22:
19:
5651:
5593:
5581:
5570:H. amphibius
5569:
5559:Hippopotamus
5557:
5537:Whippomorpha
5506:
5497:
5488:
5476:
5464:
5455:
5446:
5437:
5425:
5374:
5362:
5350:
5338:
5326:
5314:
5289:
5280:
5271:
5262:
5253:
5244:
5235:
5226:
5218:S. cebifrons
5217:
5208:
5199:
5187:
5175:
5166:
5154:
5142:
5130:
5119:P. africanus
5118:
5109:
5099:Phacochoerus
5097:
5085:
5073:
5061:
5052:
5044:B. babyrussa
5043:
5031:
4980:
4968:
4956:
4948:P. maxwellii
4947:
4939:P. monticola
4938:
4926:
4914:
4905:
4896:
4887:
4879:C. rufilatus
4878:
4869:
4860:
4851:
4842:
4833:
4824:
4815:
4806:
4797:
4796:Bay duiker (
4789:C. crusalbum
4788:
4779:
4770:
4761:
4749:
4741:Cephalophini
4724:
4716:R. melanotis
4715:
4706:
4694:
4682:
4670:
4658:
4646:
4634:
4626:N. moschatus
4625:
4616:
4604:
4592:
4583:
4574:
4566:M. guentheri
4565:
4553:
4542:D. megalotis
4541:
4529:
4504:
4492:
4481:P. hodgsonii
4480:
4468:
4445:
4436:
4428:P. gutturosa
4427:
4415:
4403:
4394:
4385:
4376:
4367:
4355:
4343:
4331:
4319:
4310:
4301:
4292:
4284:G. erlangeri
4283:
4274:
4265:
4257:G. bennettii
4256:
4244:
4232:
4224:E. thomsonii
4223:
4215:E. rufifrons
4214:
4205:
4193:
4181:
4169:
4157:
4145:
4133:
4121:
4063:
4055:T. derbianus
4054:
4042:
4030:
4021:
4012:
4003:
3994:
3986:T. eurycerus
3985:
3976:
3967:
3943:
3935:Tragelaphini
3918:
3906:
3894:
3882:
3870:
3861:
3853:B. javanicus
3852:
3843:
3835:B. grunniens
3834:
3825:
3817:B. frontalis
3816:
3807:
3798:
3789:
3777:
3765:
3756:
3747:
3738:
3729:
3717:
3692:
3680:
3668:
3656:
3603:R. rupicapra
3602:
3594:R. pyrenaica
3593:
3581:
3569:
3557:
3545:
3536:
3535:Snow sheep (
3527:
3518:
3517:Dall sheep (
3509:
3500:
3491:
3479:
3468:N. hylocrius
3467:
3455:
3444:O. moschatus
3443:
3431:
3419:
3407:
3395:
3386:
3377:
3368:
3356:
3344:
3332:
3320:
3311:
3302:
3293:
3281:
3269:
3268:Walia ibex (
3260:
3252:C. pyrenaica
3251:
3249:
3242:
3233:
3224:
3216:C. falconeri
3215:
3206:
3197:
3188:
3176:
3165:B. taxicolor
3164:
3152:
3140:
3128:
3116:
3104:
3020:P. hodgsonii
3019:
3007:
2982:
2973:
2963:Connochaetes
2961:
2949:
2948:Hartebeest (
2937:
2925:
2916:
2904:
2892:
2880:
2872:Alcelaphinae
2856:P. capreolus
2855:
2843:
2818:
2806:
2781:
2772:
2764:R. arundinum
2763:
2751:
2739:
2731:K. megaceros
2730:
2721:
2712:
2703:
2691:
2666:
2654:
2642:
2633:
2624:
2615:
2603:
2591:
2582:
2570:
2517:
2508:
2499:
2487:
2475:
2466:
2453:
2441:
2431:
2419:
2407:
2406:Marsh deer (
2395:
2383:
2371:
2359:
2350:
2341:
2332:
2323:
2314:
2305:
2296:
2288:M. americana
2287:
2275:
2263:
2254:
2244:Hippocamelus
2242:
2230:
2218:
2206:
2198:C. capreolus
2197:
2185:
2173:
2172:Water deer (
2161:
2149:
2137:
2112:
2103:
2094:
2085:
2076:
2064:
2052:
2043:
2035:R. mariannus
2034:
2025:
2013:
2001:
1989:
1977:
1976:Eld's deer (
1968:
1967:Barasingha (
1956:
1944:
1935:
1926:
1917:
1905:
1893:
1884:
1872:
1860:
1848:
1836:
1828:M. vaginalis
1827:
1818:
1809:
1800:
1791:
1782:
1773:
1764:
1755:
1746:
1737:
1729:M. atherodes
1728:
1716:
1639:
1630:
1622:T. nigricans
1621:
1612:
1603:
1595:T. javanicus
1594:
1582:
1570:
1561:
1552:
1540:
1529:H. aquaticus
1528:
1516:
1491:
1482:
1473:
1464:
1455:
1446:
1437:
1425:
1400:
1391:
1382:
1373:
1361:
1350:O. johnstoni
1349:
1337:
1313:A. americana
1312:
1300:
1262:Superorder:
1256:Infraclass:
1227:Artiodactyla
1187:
1173:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1105:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1044:
1035:
1031:
1022:
997:
990:
963:
959:
952:
943:
939:
930:
922:
887:
883:
879:
872:
860:. Retrieved
856:The Guardian
855:
846:
837:10261/118205
822:(1): 17â32.
819:
815:
806:
760:
756:
750:
741:
708:
704:
700:
694:
670:(1): 26â39.
667:
663:
659:
630:. Retrieved
616:
610:
604:
572:
547:
542:
540:
517:Conservation
511:
485:
464:
434:
421:
414:juvenile in
395:
385:
375:
365:
310:
306:
303:Spanish ibex
302:
297:
296:
293:Iberian ibex
292:
290:
265:
258:
252:
246:
245:
223:
221:
205:
204:
192:
152:Artiodactyla
56:
39:
18:
5795:iNaturalist
5676:Wikispecies
5447:L. guanicoe
5306:Tayassuidae
5270:Wild boar (
5209:S. barbatus
5167:P. larvatus
5143:P. salvania
5141:Pygmy hog (
5075:Hylochoerus
4928:Philantomba
4816:C. jentinki
4798:C. dorsalis
4751:Cephalophus
4635:N. pygmaeus
4593:M. saltiana
4531:Dorcatragus
4505:S. tatarica
4395:N. petersii
4333:Litocranius
4233:E. tilonura
4180:Blackbuck (
4156:Springbok (
4099:Antilopinae
4097:(subfamily
4044:Taurotragus
4011:Sitatunga (
4004:T. scriptus
3995:T. imberbis
3952:(including
3945:Tragelaphus
3766:B. quarlesi
3648:Boselaphini
3632:(subfamily
3537:O. nivicola
3378:N. caudatus
3367:Red goral (
3358:Naemorhedus
3321:C. swinhoei
3301:Red serow (
3283:Capricornis
3261:C. sibirica
3198:C. caucasia
3189:C. aegagrus
3187:Wild goat (
3141:A. jayakari
3130:Arabitragus
3089:(subfamily
3060:Antilopinae
2983:C. taurinus
2926:D. pygargus
2819:A. melampus
2740:K. vardonii
2702:Waterbuck (
2643:O. leucoryx
2572:Hippotragus
2500:O. hemionus
2498:Mule deer (
2397:Blastocerus
2306:M. bricenii
2264:H. bisulcus
2231:R. tarandus
2207:C. pygargus
2129:Capreolinae
2111:Sika deer (
2053:R. unicolor
2042:Rusa deer (
1945:A. porcinus
1765:M. montanus
1562:M. kathygre
1311:Pronghorn (
1302:Antilocapra
1141:10261/58507
1080:10261/63248
981:10261/62910
905:10261/58512
711:(1): 1â12.
685:10261/62905
632:20 February
348:to become "
240:Subspecies
168:Subfamily:
5957:Categories
5583:Choeropsis
5465:L. vicugna
5351:C. wagneri
5254:S. oliveri
5245:S. heureni
4981:S. grimmia
4970:Sylvicapra
4957:P. walteri
4870:C. rubidis
4861:C. ogilbyi
4807:C. harveyi
4771:C. brookei
4725:R. sharpei
4705:Steenbok (
4696:Raphicerus
4648:Oreotragus
4521:Neotragini
4470:Pantholops
4386:N. notatus
4344:L. walleri
4293:G. gazella
4266:G. cuvieri
4255:Chinkara (
4147:Antidorcas
4134:A. clarkei
4123:Ammodorcas
4113:Antilopini
4013:T. spekeii
3977:T. buxtoni
3968:T. angasii
3860:Wild yak (
3844:B. indicus
3799:B. bonasus
3739:B. bubalis
3682:Boselaphus
3658:Tetracerus
3528:O. gmelini
3396:N. griseus
3369:N. baileyi
3334:Hemitragus
3303:C. rubidus
3294:C. crispus
3243:C. nubiana
3106:Ammotragus
3009:Pantholops
2939:Alcelaphus
2924:Bontebok (
2917:D. lunatus
2906:Damaliscus
2893:B. hunteri
2782:R. redunca
2683:Reduncinae
2634:O. gazella
2583:H. equinus
2509:O. pandora
2489:Odocoileus
2373:Ozotoceros
2229:Reindeer (
2174:H. inermis
2163:Hydropotes
2086:C. elaphus
2084:Red deer (
2026:R. alfredi
1943:Hog deer (
1801:M. reevesi
1774:M. muntjak
1604:T. kanchil
1571:M. meminna
1518:Hyemoschus
1508:Tragulidae
1465:M. cupreus
1383:G. giraffa
1329:Giraffidae
1280:Ruminantia
946:: 245â255.
585:References
442:extirpated
356:Subspecies
350:un-extinct
326:subspecies
5535:Suborder
5445:Guanaco (
5417:Camelidae
5403:Suborder
5375:D. tajacu
5364:Dicotyles
5340:Catagonus
5327:T. pecari
5272:S. scrofa
5176:P. porcus
5165:Bushpig (
5033:Babyrousa
5009:Suborder
4906:C. weynsi
4897:C. spadix
4762:C. adersi
4683:O. ourebi
4617:N. batesi
4606:Neotragus
4575:M. kirkii
4377:N. granti
4342:Gerenuk (
4311:G. spekei
4275:G. dorcas
4132:Dibatag (
3919:S. caffer
3884:Pseudoryx
3871:B. taurus
3851:Banteng (
3826:B. gaurus
3755:Tamaraw (
3601:Chamois (
3583:Rupicapra
3570:P. nayaur
3546:O. vignei
3526:Mouflon (
3225:C. hircus
3214:Markhor (
3117:A. lervia
2882:Beatragus
2808:Aepyceros
2632:Gemsbok (
2625:O. dammah
2467:P. carlae
2360:M. temama
2351:M. rufina
2315:M. chunyi
2297:M. bororo
2187:Capreolus
2113:C. nippon
2104:C. hanglu
1991:Elaphurus
1936:A. kuhlii
1850:Elaphodus
1718:Muntiacus
1553:M. indica
1542:Moschiola
1474:M. fuscus
1417:Moschidae
1278:Suborder
1238:Kingdom:
890:(1): 51.
568:ungulates
506:taxidermy
446:Gibraltar
200:Species:
118:Kingdom:
112:Eukaryota
5865:14200785
5813:10767430
5661:Wikidata
5507:C. ferus
5463:Vicuña (
5456:L. pacos
5454:Alpaca (
5438:L. glama
5405:Tylopoda
4915:C. zebra
4843:C. niger
4417:Procapra
4195:Eudorcas
4171:Antilope
3908:Syncerus
3869:Cattle (
3862:B. mutus
3790:B. bison
3730:B. arnee
3691:Nilgai (
3568:Bharal (
3559:Pseudois
3519:O. dalli
3501:O. aries
3492:O. ammon
3490:Argali (
3442:Muskox (
3409:Oreamnos
3387:N. goral
3270:C. walie
3154:Budorcas
3091:Caprinae
3036:Caprinae
2891:Hirola (
2835:Peleinae
2817:Impala (
2722:K. leche
2720:Lechwe (
2616:O. beisa
2592:H. niger
2253:Taruca (
2220:Rangifer
2150:A. alces
2051:Sambar (
1978:R. eldii
1958:Rucervus
1916:Chital (
1708:Cervinae
1695:Cervidae
1656:Cervidae
1584:Tragulus
1258:Eutheria
1252:Mammalia
1246:Chordata
1244:Phylum:
1240:Animalia
1150:21074328
1089:19857492
1038:: 11â21.
914:38522265
779:19167744
489:yearling
475:Foraging
172:Caprinae
158:Family:
142:Mammalia
132:Chordata
128:Phylum:
122:Animalia
108:Domain:
85:IUCN 3.1
5852:1006187
5787:2441054
5667:Q549108
5619:Cetacea
5610:Cetacea
5478:Camelus
5436:Llama (
5316:Tayassu
5132:Porcula
4681:Oribi (
4672:Ourebia
4555:Madoqua
4540:Beira (
4461:Saigini
4368:N. dama
4246:Gazella
4095:Bovidae
4093:Family
4064:T. oryx
3984:Bongo (
3966:Nyala (
3893:Saola (
3815:Gayal (
3719:Bubalus
3634:Bovinae
3630:Bovidae
3628:Family
3544:Urial (
3234:C. ibex
3163:Takin (
3087:Bovidae
3085:Family
3048:Bovinae
2974:C. gnou
2753:Redunca
2665:Addax (
2549:Bovidae
2547:Family
2455:Pudella
2442:P. pudu
2333:M. nana
2148:Moose (
1918:A. axis
1885:D. dama
1747:M. feae
1693:Family
1668:Bovidae
1613:T. napu
1427:Moschus
1363:Giraffa
1348:Okapi (
1250:Class:
1229:species
1225:Extant
1097:5300483
733:6008212
713:Bibcode
579:scabies
537:, 1950s
467:browser
450:Andorra
418:, Spain
330:extinct
324:. Four
320:to the
318:endemic
234:, 1838)
188:Genus:
182:Caprini
178:Tribe:
162:Bovidae
148:Order:
138:Class:
83: (
55:Female
5940:106205
5937:uBio:
5930:149646
5917:338215
5826:625141
5761:305229
5748:CAPAPY
5735:328694
5704:ARKive
5023:Suidae
4624:Suni (
4357:Nanger
3842:Zebu (
3824:Gaur (
3709:Bovini
3433:Ovibos
2738:Puku (
2713:K. kob
2277:Mazama
2066:Cervus
1339:Okapia
1148:
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531:Gredos
471:grazer
469:and a
438:French
332:. The
232:Schinz
5904:80774
5891:80419
5808:IRMNG
5800:42350
5011:Suina
4494:Saiga
4435:Goa (
3954:kudus
3178:Capra
2845:Pelea
2711:Kob (
2693:Kobus
2656:Addax
2139:Alces
2093:Elk (
1093:S2CID
1028:(PDF)
936:(PDF)
910:S2CID
862:6 May
812:(PDF)
729:S2CID
444:from
346:taxon
342:clone
193:Capra
38:Male
5886:NCBI
5839:3798
5834:IUCN
5821:ITIS
5782:GBIF
5743:EPPO
5722:QS6C
5617:see
5427:Lama
3481:Ovis
2605:Oryx
2421:Pudu
2015:Rusa
1907:Axis
1874:Dama
1146:PMID
1085:PMID
864:2021
775:PMID
634:2022
617:2021
525:The
461:Diet
315:ibex
309:and
291:The
5873:NBN
5860:MSW
5847:MDD
5730:EoL
5717:CoL
5691:ADW
5189:Sus
3779:Bos
1136:hdl
1128:doi
1124:175
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1075:hdl
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