160:
148:
4268:
41:
140:
722:
is one of a serial's existing ISSNs, so does not change the use or assignment of "ordinary" ISSNs; it is based on the ISSN of the first published medium version of the publication. If the print and online versions of the publication are published at the same time, the ISSN of the print version is
646:
To confirm the check digit, calculate the sum of all eight digits of the ISSN multiplied by their position in the number, counting from the right. (If the check digit is X, add 10 to the sum.) The remainder of the sum modulo 11 must be 0. There is an online ISSN checker that can validate an ISSN,
521:
948:
when the concept is "a journal is a set of contents, generally copyrighted content": the same journal (same contents and same copyrights) may have two or more ISSN codes. A URN needs to point to "unique content" (a "unique journal" as a "set of contents"
353:
199:(periodical), such as a magazine. The ISSN is especially helpful in distinguishing between serials with the same title. ISSNs are used in ordering, cataloging, interlibrary loans, and other practices in connection with serial literature.
890:
during a decade, but no ISSN update or initiative occurred. A natural extension for ISSN, the unique-identification of the articles in the serials, was the main demand application. An alternative serials' contents model arrived with the
811:. An ISBN might be assigned for particular issues of a serial, in addition to the ISSN code for the serial as a whole. An ISSN, unlike the ISBN code, is an anonymous identifier associated with a serial title, containing no
1093:
902:
Only later, in 2007, ISSN-L was defined in the new ISSN standard (ISO 3297:2007) as an "ISSN designated by the ISSN Network to enable collocation or versions of a continuing resource linking among the different media".
593:
349:
Each of the first seven digits of the ISSN is multiplied by its position in the number, counting from the right, that is, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, and 2, respectively, and the resulting products are added:
3594:
1873:
667:), followed by the 7 main digits of the ISSN (the check digit is not included), followed by 2 publisher-defined digits, followed by the EAN check digit (which need not match the ISSN check digit).
358:
831:
Since the ISSN applies to an entire serial, other identifiers have been built on top of it to allow references to specific volumes, articles, or other identifiable components (like the
1488:
882:
This "media-oriented identification" of serials made sense in the 1970s. In the 1990s and onward, with personal computers, better screens, and the Web, it makes sense to consider only
770:. At the end of 2016, the ISSN Register contained records for 1,943,572 items. The Register is not freely available for interrogation on the web, but is available by subscription.
269:, so the ISSN is uniquely represented by its first seven digits. Formally, the general form of the ISSN (also named "ISSN structure" or "ISSN syntax") can be expressed as follows:
1235:
1379:
1792:
631:
536:
786:
permits searching its catalog by ISSN, by entering "issn:" before the code in the query field. One can also go directly to an ISSN's record by appending it to "
257:), typically the same as the ISSN assigned to the serial in its first published medium, which links together all ISSNs assigned to the serial in every medium.
1635:
1258:
1430:
516:{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}&0\cdot 8+3\cdot 7+7\cdot 6+8\cdot 5+5\cdot 4+9\cdot 3+5\cdot 2\\&=0+21+42+40+20+27+10\\&=160\;.\end{aligned}}}
3106:
597:
If there is no remainder, the check digit is 0; otherwise the remainder is subtracted from 11. If the result is less than 10, it yields the check digit:
929:". URN namespaces are case-sensitive, and the ISSN namespace is all caps. If the checksum digit is "X" then it is always encoded in uppercase in a URN.
1286:
780:
Derivative lists of publications will often contain ISSN codes; these can be found through on-line searches with the ISSN code itself or serial title.
718:, the "linking ISSN (ISSN-L)" provides a mechanism for collocation or linking among the different media versions of the same continuing resource. The
1519:
3101:
4294:
3323:
1785:
1511:
1098:
3111:
2606:
1984:
1840:
203:
1484:
265:
An ISSN is an eight-digit code, divided by a hyphen into two four-digit numbers. The last digit, which may be zero through nine or an X, is a
2828:
1204:
1152:
1778:
3798:
1537:
1393:
1227:
3903:
3823:
3614:
3609:
3455:
1880:
1729:
3621:
1887:
958:
has an ISSN for print, 0028-0836, and another for the same content on the Web, 1476-4687; only the oldest (0028-0836) is used as a
1975:
1560:
840:
1719:
1373:
794:. This does not query the ISSN Register itself, but rather shows whether any WorldCat library holds an item with the given ISSN.
4154:
2344:
1922:
1894:
1750:
2516:
1833:
1351:
1010:
A unique URN for serials simplifies the search, recovery and delivery of data for various services including, in particular,
982:(DOI) or a URN does, so the DOI is used as a URN for articles, with (for historical reasons) no need for an ISSN's existence.
4223:
4024:
3547:
2930:
2521:
2491:
1940:
1826:
1628:
3868:
3198:
2995:
1859:
294:
2319:
656:
152:
1697:
1178:
3395:
2419:
1866:
963:
1644:
1459:
1267:
3959:
3131:
2975:
1908:
1308:
Using The ISSN (International Serial
Standard Number) as URN (Uniform Resource Names) within an ISSN-URN Namespace
1423:
4054:
4049:
3808:
3756:
1935:
688:
600:
3848:
3178:
2691:
2339:
4299:
1674:
1283:
774:
The print version of a serial typically will include the ISSN code as part of the publication information.
4319:
4193:
3671:
1968:
1680:
3853:
3761:
3711:
3470:
2803:
2798:
2197:
975:
871:
versions require different ISSNs. However, the same ISSN can be used for different file formats (e.g.
4119:
4064:
3843:
3828:
3086:
2506:
2002:
1915:
1586:
1104:
979:
896:
836:
4309:
4167:
4074:
3863:
3838:
3050:
3045:
1558:"La nueva Norma ISSN facilita la vida de la comunidad de las publicaciones en serie", A. Roucolle.
225:, a different ISSN is assigned to each media type. For example, many serials are published both in
164:
823:. For this reason a new ISSN is assigned to a serial each time it undergoes a major title change.
4314:
3721:
3263:
3253:
3248:
2823:
2808:
2748:
2182:
2177:
2137:
1901:
249:). Consequently, as defined in ISO 3297:2007, every serial in the ISSN system is also assigned a
639:
If the result is 10 (that is, if the remainder is 1), the check digit is an uppercase X (like a
4304:
4271:
4039:
4029:
3158:
2576:
2157:
1961:
734:
is possible to designate one single ISSN for all those media versions of the title. The use of
207:
1200:
1148:
3460:
2970:
2192:
2162:
2055:
2045:
2006:
1998:
1011:
912:
222:
4218:
4124:
3858:
3833:
3676:
3517:
3268:
2955:
2758:
2631:
2414:
1533:
1401:
1322:
892:
820:
1065:(paper) version of a serial. Usually it is the "default media" and so the "default ISSN".
8:
4059:
1735:
196:
1266:. Paris: ISSN International Centre. January 2015. pp. 14, 16, 55–58. Archived from
4004:
3939:
2279:
738:
facilitates search, retrieval and delivery across all media versions for services like
298:
1564:
2833:
959:
832:
743:
707:
192:
1770:
998:(resolved) to the current article's page; but there is no ISSN online service, like
987:
Example: the DOI name "10.1038/nature13777" can be represented as an HTTP string by
3567:
3308:
2636:
1953:
1756:
1312:
1081:
1003:
955:
860:
762:
The
International Centre maintains a database of all ISSNs assigned worldwide, the
676:
338:
230:
1512:"Guidelines for using resource identifiers in Dublin Core metadata §4.5 ISSN"
1347:
675:
ISSN codes are assigned by a network of ISSN National
Centres, usually located at
4177:
3898:
3803:
3557:
3485:
3480:
3475:
2960:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
1290:
995:
920:
711:
218:
1334:
1325:
1306:
886:, independent of media. This "content-oriented identification" of serials was a
3465:
3213:
3025:
2888:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2212:
2202:
1015:
868:
751:
640:
27:
851:
Separate ISSNs are needed for serials in different media (except reproduction
4288:
4253:
4228:
4213:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
3974:
3919:
3888:
3878:
3741:
3731:
3701:
3696:
3646:
3626:
3604:
3589:
3542:
3507:
3450:
3445:
3435:
3313:
3258:
3233:
3228:
3208:
3081:
2621:
2060:
2030:
1034:
The two standard categories of media in which serials are most available are
887:
747:
188:
143:
ISSN encoded in an EAN-13 barcode with sequence variant 0 and issue number 05
1510:
Powell, Andy; Johnston, Pete; Campbell, Lorna; Barker, Phil (21 June 2006).
588:{\displaystyle {\frac {160}{11}}=14{\mbox{ remainder }}6=14+{\frac {6}{11}}}
4114:
4084:
3944:
3288:
3283:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3055:
3000:
2950:
2883:
2838:
2813:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2681:
2646:
2556:
2551:
2379:
2187:
1846:
1703:
1174:
1455:
791:
4089:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3360:
3277:
2249:
1062:
856:
812:
266:
147:
104:
1663:
159:
4079:
3984:
3691:
3666:
3430:
3385:
3121:
2778:
2591:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2434:
2409:
2284:
2040:
1931:
346:=5. To calculate the check digit, the following algorithm may be used:
211:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4208:
4198:
4159:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3979:
3969:
3954:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3873:
3818:
3813:
3793:
3771:
3751:
3706:
3686:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3599:
3562:
3552:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3512:
3497:
3492:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3390:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3355:
3350:
3298:
3293:
3273:
3243:
3218:
3203:
3173:
3126:
3116:
3096:
3091:
3076:
3071:
2985:
2706:
2701:
2596:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
1317:
852:
816:
807:
codes are similar in concept, where ISBNs are assigned to individual
526:
3883:
3661:
3365:
3193:
3030:
3020:
3005:
2980:
2965:
2940:
2935:
2818:
2793:
2788:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2753:
2718:
2713:
2696:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2641:
2626:
2616:
2611:
2601:
2586:
2581:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2511:
2496:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2429:
2424:
2404:
2399:
2389:
2384:
2374:
2369:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2324:
2314:
2207:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
1852:
1125:
1043:
783:
660:
226:
899:(DOI), an ISSN-independent initiative, consolidated in the 2000s.
4172:
3964:
3949:
3746:
3736:
3726:
3502:
3318:
3163:
3151:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2217:
2172:
2167:
2152:
2147:
2142:
1643:(2015 ed.), Paris: ISSN InterNational Centre, archived from
739:
4034:
4019:
4014:
4009:
3681:
3656:
3584:
3440:
3425:
3405:
3400:
3345:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3223:
3188:
3035:
2686:
2501:
2065:
1108:
864:
692:
530:
168:
139:
1928:
ISO 27730: International
Standard Collection Identifier (ISCI)
1080:) is a standard label for "Electronic ISSN", the ISSN for the
342:, is 0378-5955, where the final 5 is the check digit, that is
4069:
4044:
3766:
3651:
3522:
3303:
3168:
3040:
3015:
3010:
2990:
2364:
2334:
2329:
2050:
2035:
2025:
2020:
1120:
684:
172:
1509:
766:(International Serials Data System), otherwise known as the
210:
in 1971 and published as ISO 3297 in 1975. ISO subcommittee
40:
3716:
3579:
3572:
3238:
3183:
2783:
2394:
1819:
1724:(in French), Bibliothèque nationale de France, 15 June 2023
1623:
1458:. U.S. ISSN Center, Library of Congress. 19 February 2010.
1047:
876:
808:
804:
670:
664:
20:
1594:
659:
with a 977 "country code" (compare the 978 country code ("
4203:
3893:
2945:
1633:
966:
needed to create, prior to 2007, the NLM Unique ID (JID).
872:
1734:(in German), Deutsche Nationalbibliothek, archived from
1618:
126:
1061:
is a standard label for "Print ISSN", the ISSN for the
16:
Serial number used to identify a periodical publication
557:
1800:
1225:
1002:, to resolve the ISSN of the journal (in this sample
603:
539:
356:
1983:
798:
777:
Most serial websites contain ISSN code information.
710:for all versions of the serial containing the same
1874:International Standard Identifier for Libraries...
1755:, National Library of South Africa, archived from
1534:"MEDLINE/PubMed Data Element (Field) Descriptions"
1094:ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
625:
587:
515:
1536:. U.S. National Library of Medicine. 7 May 2014.
4286:
1485:"The ISSN-L for publications on multiple media"
1841:International Securities Identification Number
1424:"Total number of records in the ISSN Register"
863:versions of a serial need separate ISSNs, and
204:International Organization for Standardization
1969:
1786:
691:created in 1974 through an agreement between
214:is responsible for maintaining the standard.
151:Example of an ISSN, 2049-3630, encoded in an
1429:. ISSN International Centre. February 2017.
233:. The ISSN system refers to these types as
163:ISSN expanded with sequence variant 0 to a
1976:
1962:
1793:
1779:
1634:ISSN InterNational Centre (January 2015),
619:
505:
39:
1881:International Standard Audiovisual Number
1316:
1300:
1298:
938:
1888:International Standard Musical Work Code
1479:
1477:
1305:Thren, Slawek Rozenfeld (January 2001).
1143:
1141:
1029:
671:Code assignment, maintenance and look-up
202:The ISSN system was first drafted as an
158:
146:
138:
1375:Identification with the GTIN 13 barcode
846:
841:Serial Item and Contribution Identifier
633:Thus, in this example, the check digit
26:For the use of ISSNs on Knowledge, see
4295:Computer-related introductions in 1976
4287:
1923:International Standard Name Identifier
1895:International Standard Link Identifier
1665:How U.S. publishers can obtain an ISSN
1295:
1284:HTML version available at www.issn.org
714:across different media. As defined by
1957:
1834:International Standard Recording Code
1774:
1629:List of 63800 ISSN numbers and titles
1474:
1462:from the original on 17 February 2014
1436:from the original on 24 February 2017
1304:
1138:
1026:above) was created to fill this gap.
336:For example, the ISSN of the journal
1941:Virtual International Authority File
1849:: Issuer Identification Number (IIN)
1827:International Standard Serial Number
1668:, United States: Library of Congress
1238:from the original on 11 October 2017
1203:. Paris: ISSN International Centre.
1151:. Paris: ISSN International Centre.
181:International Standard Serial Number
34:International Standard Serial Number
1860:International Standard Music Number
1050:), these may have standard labels.
295:Perl Compatible Regular Expressions
13:
1855:: Business Entity Identifier (BIC)
1820:International Standard Book Number
1540:from the original on 27 April 2019
1382:from the original on 29 June 2020.
1354:from the original on 2 August 2023
1068:
285:}, a decimal digit character, and
175:add-on designating issue number 13
14:
4331:
1867:International Bank Account Number
1801:International numbering standards
1702:, British Library, archived from
1612:
1491:from the original on 16 July 2014
1207:from the original on 16 July 2014
1181:from the original on 15 July 2014
1155:from the original on 16 July 2014
1023:
964:U.S. National Library of Medicine
962:. As the ISSN is not unique, the
799:Comparison with other identifiers
687:. The International Centre is an
4267:
4266:
1909:International Standard Text Code
1752:Getting an ISSN in South Africa
1579:
1552:
1526:
1503:
1448:
1416:
1228:"The ISSN for electronic media"
1175:"Collection Metadata Standards"
926:
916:
787:
698:
304:
272:
1386:
1366:
1340:
1250:
1219:
1193:
1167:
1084:(online) version of a serial.
941:, but ISSN is media-oriented:
906:
788:https://www.worldcat.org/ISSN/
689:intergovernmental organization
647:based on the above algorithm.
260:
221:is published in more than one
93:
82:
1:
1516:Dublin Core Architecture Wiki
1487:. ISSN International Centre.
1456:"ISSN for Electronic Serials"
1378:. ISSN International Centre.
1132:
1103:(est. 2013), produced by the
1053:
879:) of the same online serial.
826:
792:n2:1021-9749 – Search Results
915:(URN) by prefixing it with "
911:An ISSN can be encoded as a
217:When a serial with the same
7:
1681:Library and Archives Canada
1226:ISSN InterNational Centre.
1201:"ISSN, a Standardised Code"
1114:
932:
757:
723:chosen as the basis of the
695:and the French government.
69:; 48 years ago
10:
4336:
1731:Getting an ISSN in Germany
1350:. Advanced Science Index.
1337:.
650:
25:
18:
4262:
4186:
3912:
3064:
2013:
1995:
1916:Digital Object Identifier
1813:
1806:
1721:Getting an ISSN in France
1699:Getting an ISSN in the UK
1619:ISSN International Centre
1311:. Network Working Group.
1105:ISSN International Centre
980:digital object identifier
925:could be referred to as "
897:digital object identifier
895:and its application, the
837:Publisher Item Identifier
681:ISSN International Centre
626:{\displaystyle 11-6=5\;.}
121:
113:
103:
92:
81:
63:
59:ISSN International Centre
55:
47:
38:
1128:—an ISSN-resolve service
655:ISSNs can be encoded in
19:Not to be confused with
1902:Legal Entity Identifier
1394:"Linking ISSN (ISSN-L)"
1348:"Online ISSN Validator"
1289:18 October 2018 at the
1087:
679:and coordinated by the
533:11 is then calculated:
1398:www.nationallibrary.fi
1333:Obsoleted by RFC
627:
589:
517:
208:international standard
176:
156:
144:
1561:"La nueva norma ISSN"
1030:Media category labels
976:resolution mechanisms
913:uniform resource name
847:Media versus content
628:
590:
559: remainder
518:
162:
150:
142:
1587:"Road in a nutshell"
1404:on 26 September 2015
893:indecs Content Model
601:
537:
354:
187:) is an eight-digit
96: of digits
4300:Checksum algorithms
1759:on 24 December 2017
1738:on 11 December 2017
1597:on 5 September 2017
1567:on 10 December 2014
1177:. British Library.
1016:knowledge databases
1000:http://dx.issn.org/
992:10.1038/nature13777
35:
4320:Unique identifiers
1989:by standard number
1149:"What is an ISSN?"
946:ISSN is not unique
927:urn:ISSN:0953-4563
744:library catalogues
677:national libraries
623:
585:
561:
513:
511:
299:regular expression
197:serial publication
177:
167:and encoded in an
157:
155:, with explanation
145:
33:
4280:
4279:
2003:ISO romanizations
1951:
1950:
960:unique identifier
833:table of contents
708:unique identifier
583:
560:
548:
193:uniquely identify
137:
136:
4327:
4270:
4269:
1990:
1978:
1971:
1964:
1955:
1954:
1795:
1788:
1781:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1766:
1764:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1725:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1683:, 8 January 2020
1669:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1649:
1642:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1593:. Archived from
1583:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1563:. Archived from
1556:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1530:
1524:
1523:
1518:. Archived from
1507:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1481:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1452:
1446:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1435:
1428:
1420:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1400:. Archived from
1390:
1384:
1383:
1370:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1344:
1338:
1329:
1320:
1318:10.17487/RFC3044
1302:
1293:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1272:
1265:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1243:
1223:
1217:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1145:
1102:
1082:electronic media
1069:Electronic ISSN
1046:contexts (e.g.,
1001:
993:
990:https://doi.org/
939:content-oriented
928:
919:". For example,
918:
888:repressed demand
861:electronic media
789:
657:EAN-13 bar codes
636:
632:
630:
629:
624:
594:
592:
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586:
584:
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562:
558:
549:
541:
522:
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514:
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446:
360:
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339:Hearing Research
332:
331:
328:
325:
322:
319:
316:
313:
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288:
280:
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231:electronic media
171:barcode with an
133:
130:
128:
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77:
75:
70:
43:
36:
32:
4335:
4334:
4330:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4325:
4324:
4310:Library science
4285:
4284:
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4276:
4258:
4182:
3908:
3060:
2009:
1991:
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1982:
1952:
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1809:
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1728:
1718:
1709:
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1706:on 15 July 2014
1696:
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1650:on 12 July 2020
1647:
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1522:on 13 May 2012.
1508:
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1276:
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988:
974:does not offer
935:
909:
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829:
801:
760:
752:knowledge bases
701:
673:
653:
644:
634:
602:
599:
598:
575:
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334:
329:
326:
323:
320:
317:
314:
311:
308:
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286:
281:is in the set {
278:
275:
263:
243:electronic ISSN
153:EAN-13 bar code
125:
73:
71:
68:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4333:
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4315:Serial numbers
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2240:
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2023:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2010:
1996:
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1981:
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1614:
1613:External links
1611:
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1578:
1551:
1525:
1502:
1473:
1447:
1415:
1385:
1365:
1339:
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1218:
1192:
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1129:
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1116:
1113:
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1111:
1089:
1086:
1070:
1067:
1055:
1052:
1031:
1028:
1012:search systems
1008:
1007:
984:
983:
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951:
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934:
931:
908:
905:
848:
845:
839:(PII) and the
828:
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797:
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781:
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748:search engines
700:
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669:
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88:> 2,500,000
86:
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49:
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44:
28:Knowledge:ISSN
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4332:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4305:ISO standards
4303:
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4283:
4273:
4265:
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529:of this sum
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251:linking ISSN
250:
246:
242:
238:
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216:
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184:
180:
178:
109:Weighted sum
56:Organisation
3913:20000–29999
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1921:ISO 27729:
1914:ISO 26324:
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1900:ISO 17442:
1893:ISO 17316:
1886:ISO 15707:
1879:ISO 15706:
1872:ISO 15511:
1865:ISO 13616:
1858:ISO 10957:
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1637:ISSN Manual
1624:ISSN Portal
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1260:ISSN Manual
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