244:
26:
207:, the Howards at 160 to 170 mph (270 km/h) could match their speed and range. The rear seat exceeded airline leg room with limousine-like spaciousness. With its high wing loading, the Howards rode through most turbulence with airline-like solidity. The -11 was probably the ultimate of the series. Configured as a four-place aircraft with the 450 hp (340 kW)
221:, most of the civilian Howards were commandeered by the military. The Army used them as officer transports and as ambulance planes. They were used variously as an officer's utility transport and for instrument training. The Howard was and is an excellent instrument platform, very stable and solid, especially compared to modern light aircraft.
169:, was purportedly the fastest four-seat civil aircraft of the late 1930s, able to achieve a top speed of about 200 miles per hour (320 km/h). A favorite of the high society and Hollywood circles, the DGA-11 cost about $ 16,500 in 1938. These aircraft were a direct developments of the famous Howard racing plane
161:
The various models were distinguished by different engine choices and detail changes, and were built and sold in parallel to each other. A number of examples were built as one type and converted to another during their lifetimes. The DGA-11, powered by a nine-cylinder 450 horsepower (340 kW)
191:
racing success brought the DGA series much attention, and in its various permutations, differentiated mainly by different powerplants, the DGAs -8, -9, -11, -12 (and later
750:
2071:
714:
673:
648:
643:
225:
532:
736:
622:
2081:
2091:
1517:
1443:
1364:
1247:
243:
2043:
2038:
1715:
1703:
248:
229:
1964:
1733:
1490:
962:
744:
1620:
1374:
984:
291:
163:
1536:
1421:
729:
615:
1495:
1472:
1448:
1438:
1359:
1302:
2086:
1941:
1777:
1615:
1297:
1173:
1131:
989:
746:
631:
146:
62:
1984:
1750:
1708:
1600:
1502:
1433:
1339:
1116:
1086:
1081:
1071:
1066:
2028:
1832:
1647:
1595:
1585:
1573:
947:
942:
195:) emerged as coveted aircraft, owned by corporations, wealthy individuals, and movie stars, such as
2076:
1969:
1782:
1625:
1607:
1460:
1163:
722:
608:
411:
1767:
1568:
1512:
1349:
25:
1728:
1546:
1477:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1237:
1168:
1056:
912:
872:
817:
489:
252:
57:
314:- DGA-8/ -9/ -12 and -15 aircraft impressed into service with the USAAC as utility transports.
1864:
1745:
1740:
1720:
1675:
1404:
1384:
1210:
1061:
1051:
1004:
999:
917:
882:
469:
176:
2054:
Not assigned • Assigned to multiple types • Unconfirmed
2005:
1946:
1842:
1685:
1455:
1019:
540:
8:
1916:
1695:
1690:
1190:
1121:
994:
897:
857:
1921:
1670:
1309:
208:
1884:
1817:
1329:
1277:
1148:
1106:
1076:
565:, but the DGA-11 area is calculated omitting the area displaced by the fuselage cabin
494:
150:
145:
were a family of four-place, single-engine, high-wing light monoplanes built by the
1974:
1849:
1642:
1590:
1426:
1282:
1267:
1183:
224:
A number of these aircraft still fly, and another example of a DGA-11, restored by
203:
owned and flew a DGA-11 "El Turia" (NC22402). In an era when airlines were flying
1906:
1899:
1837:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1541:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1287:
1205:
1101:
907:
892:
887:
877:
867:
852:
499:
1874:
1795:
1319:
1292:
937:
2065:
2000:
1800:
1580:
1507:
1465:
1409:
1324:
1314:
1257:
1220:
1195:
1141:
1009:
902:
847:
822:
812:
807:
792:
782:
777:
703:
698:
693:
414:
196:
192:
166:
121:
1894:
1889:
1827:
1822:
1762:
1680:
1416:
1379:
1369:
1354:
1344:
1252:
1242:
1232:
1200:
1126:
1111:
1091:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1014:
979:
972:
967:
957:
952:
932:
927:
922:
802:
772:
683:
668:
663:
658:
653:
301:
277:
263:
218:
204:
188:
171:
73:
2033:
2012:
1979:
1869:
1334:
1178:
862:
842:
837:
832:
797:
787:
767:
200:
1854:
1812:
1807:
1787:
1652:
1482:
1262:
1158:
442:
1225:
1215:
1153:
1096:
504:
600:
377:
1272:
562:
595:
211:
294:
engine (4 built; several more converted from DGA-8, -9 etc.)
199:, who was himself a pilot. Spanish conductor and pianist
591:. London: Bright Star Publishing. File 896 Sheet 29.
484:
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
561:The wing span and chord are the same as the later
179:'s "DGA" prefix stood for "Damned Good Airplane".
2063:
730:
616:
304:engine (2 built, both impressed by USAAF as
453:869 nmi (1,000 mi, 1,609 km)
2072:1930s United States civil utility aircraft
737:
723:
623:
609:
321:
266:engine (18 built, 1 impressed by USAAF as
447:250 kn (288 mph, 463 km/h)
432:170 kn (196 mph, 315 km/h)
280:engine (7 built, 2 impressed by USAAF as
30:Airworthy Howard DGA-11 exhibited in 1990
242:
583:. London: Studio Editions. p. 511.
465:22.2 lb/sq ft (108 kg/m)
438:60 kn (69 mph, 111 km/h)
2064:
578:
718:
604:
630:
361:38 ft 0 in (11.59 m)
13:
596:Howard Aircraft Foundation website
530:
373:185 sq ft (17.2 m)
355:25 ft 5 in (7.75 m)
249:Arkansas Air & Military Museum
230:Arkansas Air & Military Museum
14:
2103:
749:designations, Army/Air Force and
367:8 ft 5 in (2.57 m)
589:World Aircraft Information Files
24:
19:DGA-8, DGA-9, DGA-11, and DGA-12
2082:Single-engined tractor aircraft
581:Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation
292:Pratt & Whitney Wasp Junior
164:Pratt & Whitney Wasp Junior
579:Taylor, Michael J. H. (1989).
555:
524:
156:
1:
512:
459:26,000 ft (7,926 m)
404:4,100 lb (1,860 kg)
398:4,100 lb (1,860 kg)
392:2,450 lb (1,111 kg)
247:Howard DGA-9 / DGA-11 at the
2092:Aircraft first flown in 1936
7:
1994:Non-sequential designations
747:military transport aircraft
478:
238:
147:Howard Aircraft Corporation
10:
2108:
217:With America's entry into
182:
2052:
2021:
1993:
1956:Revived original sequence
1955:
1661:
758:
639:
417:, 400-450 hp (299-336 kW)
412:Pratt & Whitney R-985
117:
109:
104:
96:
88:
80:
68:
56:
48:
40:
35:
23:
18:
759:Army/Air Force sequence
334:General characteristics
322:Specifications (DGA-11)
490:Beechcraft Staggerwing
329:{name of first source}
255:
253:Fayetteville, Arkansas
533:"Bio7-All Dressed Up"
246:
228:, can be seen in the
2022:Related designations
1662:Tri-service sequence
92:Private pilot owners
402:Max takeoff weight:
209:Pratt & Whitney
36:General information
2087:High-wing aircraft
443:Never exceed speed
256:
2059:
2058:
712:
711:
537:manyfountains.com
495:Spartan Executive
385:
175:. Designer/pilot
151:Chicago, Illinois
127:
126:
2099:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1913:
1881:
1861:
1774:
1759:
1639:
1634:
829:
739:
732:
725:
716:
715:
625:
618:
611:
602:
601:
592:
584:
566:
559:
553:
552:
550:
548:
543:on 24 April 2018
539:. Archived from
528:
457:Service ceiling:
425:
383:
336:
84:Still in service
44:Utility aircraft
28:
16:
15:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2097:
2096:
2077:Howard aircraft
2062:
2061:
2060:
2055:
2048:
2017:
1989:
1957:
1951:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1911:
1879:
1859:
1772:
1757:
1663:
1657:
1637:
1632:
827:
760:
754:
743:
713:
708:
635:
629:
587:
570:
569:
560:
556:
546:
544:
529:
525:
515:
500:Stinson Reliant
481:
421:
332:
324:
318:
300:- version with
290:- version with
276:- version with
262:- version with
241:
235:
185:
172:Mister Mulligan
159:
76:
49:National origin
31:
12:
11:
5:
2105:
2095:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2057:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2025:
2023:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2009:
2008:
1997:
1995:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1961:
1959:
1958:(2005–present)
1953:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1846:
1845:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1804:
1803:
1798:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1754:
1753:
1743:
1738:
1737:
1736:
1731:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1712:
1711:
1706:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1667:
1665:
1664:(1962–present)
1659:
1658:
1656:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1629:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1610:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1577:
1576:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1493:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1458:
1453:
1452:
1451:
1446:
1436:
1431:
1430:
1429:
1419:
1414:
1413:
1412:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1306:
1305:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1223:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1145:
1144:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1023:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
976:
975:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
764:
762:
756:
755:
745:United States
742:
741:
734:
727:
719:
710:
709:
707:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
640:
637:
636:
628:
627:
620:
613:
605:
599:
598:
593:
585:
575:
574:
568:
567:
554:
522:
521:
520:
519:
514:
511:
508:
507:
502:
497:
492:
480:
477:
476:
475:
466:
460:
454:
448:
439:
433:
430:Maximum speed:
419:
418:
405:
399:
393:
387:
374:
368:
362:
356:
350:
344:
323:
320:
316:
315:
309:
295:
285:
271:
240:
237:
184:
181:
158:
155:
125:
124:
119:
115:
114:
111:
107:
106:
102:
101:
98:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
82:
78:
77:
72:
70:
66:
65:
60:
54:
53:
50:
46:
45:
42:
38:
37:
33:
32:
29:
21:
20:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2104:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2051:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2014:
2011:
2007:
2004:
2003:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1992:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1960:
1954:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1756:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1660:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1602:
1599:
1598:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1570:
1567:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
974:
971:
970:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
765:
763:
757:
752:
748:
740:
735:
733:
728:
726:
721:
720:
717:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
641:
638:
633:
626:
621:
619:
614:
612:
607:
606:
603:
597:
594:
590:
586:
582:
577:
576:
572:
571:
564:
558:
542:
538:
534:
531:Hughes, Mel.
527:
523:
517:
516:
510:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
487:
486:
485:
473:
471:
467:
464:
463:Wing loading:
461:
458:
455:
452:
449:
446:
444:
440:
437:
434:
431:
428:
427:
426:
424:
416:
415:radial engine
413:
409:
406:
403:
400:
397:
396:Gross weight:
394:
391:
390:Empty weight:
388:
386:12 (reflexed)
381:
379:
375:
372:
369:
366:
363:
360:
357:
354:
351:
348:
345:
342:
339:
338:
337:
335:
330:
328:
319:
313:
310:
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296:
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286:
283:
279:
275:
272:
269:
265:
261:
258:
257:
254:
250:
245:
236:
233:
231:
227:
222:
220:
215:
213:
210:
206:
202:
198:
197:Wallace Beery
194:
190:
180:
178:
174:
173:
168:
167:radial engine
165:
154:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
123:
122:Howard DGA-15
120:
116:
112:
108:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
64:
61:
59:
55:
52:United States
51:
47:
43:
39:
34:
27:
22:
17:
1136:
688:
678:
588:
580:
573:Bibliography
557:
545:. Retrieved
541:the original
536:
526:
509:
483:
482:
468:
462:
456:
450:
441:
436:Stall speed:
435:
429:
422:
420:
407:
401:
395:
389:
376:
370:
364:
358:
352:
349:3 passengers
346:
340:
333:
331:
326:
325:
317:
311:
305:
297:
287:
281:
273:
267:
264:Wright R-760
259:
234:
223:
219:World War II
216:
186:
170:
160:
142:
138:
134:
131:Howard DGA-8
130:
128:
110:First flight
97:Number built
89:Primary user
74:Benny Howard
58:Manufacturer
1621:YC-137 (II)
761:(1925–1962)
751:Tri-Service
423:Performance
408:Powerplant:
226:Jim Younkin
201:Jose Iturbi
157:Development
153:from 1936.
2066:Categories
1616:YC-137 (I)
1496:C-127 (II)
513:References
474:0.11 hp/lb
470:Power/mass
371:Wing area:
343:one, pilot
302:Jacobs L-6
278:Jacobs L-5
177:Ben Howard
1491:C-127 (I)
359:Wingspan:
347:Capacity:
327:Data from
634:aircraft
547:23 April
505:Waco SRE
479:See also
239:Variants
118:Variants
69:Designer
1801:C-20F–J
1796:C-20A–D
1574:NC-131H
1184:C-77B–D
753:systems
382:NACA 2R
378:Airfoil
365:Height:
353:Length:
189:DGA-6's
183:History
105:History
2006:C-767B
1612:C-137
1601:KC-135
1562:WC-130
1557:MC-130
1552:LC-130
1547:KC-130
1542:HC-130
1533:EC-130
1528:DC-130
1523:AC-130
1518:C-130J
1487:C-127
1466:C-123A
1449:EC-121
1444:C-121F
1427:AC-119
1410:C-117D
704:DGA-18
699:DGA-15
694:DGA-12
689:DGA-11
632:Howard
563:DGA-15
451:Range:
306:UC-70A
298:DGA-12
288:DGA-11
282:UC-70D
268:UC-70C
193:DGA-15
143:DGA-12
141:, and
139:DGA-11
81:Status
63:Howard
2034:CT-43
2029:CT-39
2013:C-880
2001:C-767
1985:C-147
1980:C-146
1975:C-145
1970:C-144
1965:C-143
1900:C-37B
1843:C-27J
1792:C-20
1751:RC-12
1734:KC-10
1725:C-10
1653:C-142
1648:C-141
1643:C-140
1638:C-139
1633:C-138
1626:C-137
1608:C-136
1596:C-135
1591:C-134
1586:C-133
1581:C-132
1569:C-131
1513:C-130
1508:C-129
1503:C-128
1483:C-126
1478:C-125
1473:C-124
1461:C-123
1456:C-122
1439:C-121
1434:C-120
1422:C-119
1417:C-118
1405:C-117
1400:C-116
1395:C-115
1390:C-114
1385:C-113
1380:C-112
1375:C-111
1370:C-110
1365:C-109
1360:C-108
1355:C-107
1350:C-106
1345:C-105
1340:C-104
1335:C-103
1330:C-102
1325:C-101
1320:C-100
1303:KC-97
1226:C-83B
1221:C-83A
1142:C-70B
1020:AC-47
1015:C-47T
1010:C-47F
973:C-41A
684:DGA-9
679:DGA-8
674:DGA-7
669:DGA-6
664:DGA-5
659:DGA-4
654:DGA-3
649:DGA-2
644:DGA-1
518:Notes
341:Crew:
312:UC-70
274:DGA-9
260:DGA-8
212:R-985
205:DC-3s
135:DGA-9
2044:CV-7
2039:CV-2
1947:C-46
1942:C-45
1937:C-44
1932:C-43
1927:C-42
1922:C-41
1917:C-40
1912:C-39
1907:C-38
1895:C-37
1890:C-36
1885:C-35
1880:C-34
1875:C-33
1870:C-32
1865:C-31
1860:C-30
1855:C-29
1850:C-28
1838:C-27
1833:C-26
1828:C-25
1823:C-24
1818:C-23
1813:C-22
1808:C-21
1788:C-19
1783:C-18
1778:C-17
1773:C-16
1768:C-15
1763:C-14
1758:C-13
1746:C-12
1741:C-11
1729:C-10
1709:RC-7
1700:C-7
1315:C-99
1310:C-98
1298:C-97
1293:C-96
1288:C-95
1283:C-94
1278:C-93
1273:C-92
1268:C-91
1263:C-90
1258:C-89
1253:C-88
1248:C-87
1243:C-86
1238:C-85
1233:C-84
1216:C-83
1211:C-82
1206:C-81
1201:C-80
1196:C-79
1191:C-78
1179:C-77
1174:C-76
1169:C-75
1164:C-74
1159:C-73
1154:C-72
1149:C-71
1137:C-70
1132:C-69
1127:C-68
1122:C-67
1117:C-66
1112:C-65
1107:C-64
1102:C-63
1097:C-62
1092:C-61
1087:C-60
1082:C-59
1077:C-58
1072:C-57
1067:C-56
1062:C-55
1057:C-54
1052:C-53
1047:C-52
1042:C-51
1037:C-50
1032:C-49
1027:C-48
1005:C-47
1000:C-46
995:C-45
990:C-44
985:C-43
980:C-42
968:C-41
963:C-40
958:C-39
953:C-38
948:C-37
943:C-36
938:C-35
933:C-34
928:C-33
923:C-32
918:C-31
913:C-30
908:C-29
903:C-28
898:C-27
893:C-26
888:C-25
883:C-24
878:C-23
873:C-22
868:C-21
863:C-20
858:C-19
853:C-18
848:C-17
843:C-16
838:C-15
833:C-14
828:C-13
823:C-12
818:C-11
813:C-10
549:2018
410:1 ×
187:The
129:The
113:1936
41:Type
1721:C-9
1716:C-8
1704:C-7
1696:C-6
1691:C-5
1686:C-4
1681:C-3
1676:C-2
1671:C-1
808:C-9
803:C-8
798:C-7
793:C-6
788:C-5
783:C-4
778:C-3
773:C-2
768:C-1
251:in
2068::
535:.
232:.
214:.
149:,
137:,
133:,
100:31
1537:H
1535:/
738:e
731:t
724:v
624:e
617:t
610:v
551:.
472::
445::
384:2
380::
308:)
284:)
270:)
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