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The end of the Golden Age saw
Amsterdam diminish to the same level of economic importance as Antwerp. The latter had barely been able to establish itself as the main centre of trade in the Southern Netherlands, continually under pressure from Western Europe's new powerhouses: the much larger cities
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and their immediate surroundings. The boom was relatively short-lived, as merchants from
Holland, Flanders and England were ultimately successful at breaking into the Baltic trade themselves, ending the Hanseatic monopoly which had earned its members their wealth. Because of the comparatively short
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From around the 10th century, mainly due to population growth and improved infrastructure, a greater number of larger settlements began to appear. Around the 11th century, some of these towns began to form networks of urban centres. In the Low
Countries these appeared in 3 regions; at first in the
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The first large settlements arose around (the ruins of) these Castra and
Castellum. Very little is known about these settlements, apart from archeological remains, as there was little literacy at the time. Based on archeological evidence, together with sparsely preserved written text it is thought
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In the 13th century the cities of
Holland were less advanced than either their eastern or Flemish counterparts; for most of the 14th and 15th centuries the cities of Holland performed the role of intermediary between Flanders and trading partners oversees. Eventually they formed the bulk of the
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in the East. Towns located in the centre of the Low
Countries were able to profit from the urban networks of both Flanders and Holland, without developing regional urban networks of their own. In the northern Low Countries, however, such as
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227:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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In the East of the Low
Countries, a number of towns aligned themselves with the Hanseatic cities that controlled the trade in and around the Baltic Sea. This resulted in a sudden economic boom for these cities, principally
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The centralisation of France and
England, the Dutch Republic's main economic competitors, as well as their access to larger amounts of raw materials and far larger manpower reserve, marked the slow decline of the
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428:). These together formed the only population centres which surpassed the native villages of the time in terms of architecture and, in some cases, population. The only possible exception was the city of
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in 47 AD. The border was protected with fortresses and the Low
Countries became the outer provinces of the empire, situated near the Roman-Germanic border. Probably because of the (founded) fear of
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time of economic prosperity, these cities are notably smaller than for example the
Flemish cities, and after Holland rose to economic supremacy around 1600, they found themselves in the
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in Utrecht and from there he converted some Frisians to Christianity, laying the basis for the city to become a major ecclesiastical centre in the Low Countries.
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From around 1500 onwards two trade hubs started to emerge which for the first time truly dominated the entirety of the Low Countries. The first was
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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transport fleet sailing to Bruges and Ghent, which earned them considerable wealth and led to further expansion. It was not until the
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Map of the interlocking river systems and commercial cities in the Southern Netherlands all leading to the entrepot of Antwerp.
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international economy – something Bruges had never been even at its height." Antwerp's "Golden Age" was tightly linked to the "
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Dutch Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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that either city would again experience substantial growth. The post-war Netherlands saw the formation of the
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County of Flanders in the South, then followed by the County of Holland in the North and Northern
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are agglomerating, as they are fuelling the hinterland: Germany's newly formed industries in the
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and colonies) were extremely sparse, and Roman presence was mainly limited to three
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By 1500 these cities had lost their leading position within the Low Countries to
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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Antwerp: the economic centre of the Low Countries; c. 1540.
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For information about the region in South Carolina, see
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105:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
370:The northern border of the Roman Empire, known as
216:a machine-translated version of the Dutch article.
303:development of urban centres in the Low Countries
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832:of Paris and London. It wasn't until after the
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114:"History of urban centres in the Low Countries"
748:(1559), which was based on the textile trade.
736:. The city experienced three booms during its
724:states that Antwerp became "the centre of the
476:and, most northerly, the neighbouring site of
245:accompanying your translation by providing an
207:Click for important translation instructions.
194:expand this article with text translated from
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805:(Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie or VOC).
317:into the largest urbanised area north of the
313:, evolved from a highly rural outpost of the
18:History of urban centers in the Low Countries
844:emerged. Today both regions, powered by the
506:, to settle in Utrecht. Willibrord built a
68:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1910:Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands
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1905:Proclamation of Indonesian Independence
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522:The Flemish cloth cities; c. 1350.
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1385:2008–2009 financial crisis
664:that the cities of Holland (and
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700:After the silting of the river
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1930:Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17
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580:was focused on the cities of
424:, would be the foundation of
384:, Roman settlements (such as
373:limes ad Germaniam inferiorem
2545:History of the Low Countries
1039:"A brief history of Utrecht"
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332:beginning at the end of the
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1019:Encyclopedia Britannica
1015:"Utrecht | Netherlands"
813:and Amsterdam with it.
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2369:Decorations and medals
1818:Burgundian Netherlands
1427:Science and technology
1123:Burgundian Netherlands
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878:Timeline of Amsterdam
821:Further information:
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450:Frisian-Frankish wars
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2032:World Heritage Sites
1935:Coronavirus pandemic
1925:European debt crisis
1898:Dutch Liberation Day
1823:Habsburg Netherlands
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1138:Austrian Netherlands
1128:Southern Netherlands
1055:Braudel 1985 p. 143.
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874:History of Amsterdam
572:Southern development
514:Sub-regional centres
344:Earliest settlements
336:till the end of the
99:improve this article
2530:History of Flanders
2007:Mountains and hills
1858:Batavian Revolution
1838:Spanish Netherlands
1833:Seventeen Provinces
1133:Spanish Netherlands
972:Timeline of Antwerp
946:Cities in Belgium:
655:Western development
611:Eastern development
422:Castellum Trajectum
382:Germanic incursions
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954:Timeline of Bruges
942:History of Belgium
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1251:
1246:
1244:Extreme points
1241:
1235:
1229:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1207:Royal Question
1204:
1203:
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1197:
1187:
1186:
1185:
1180:
1170:
1165:
1163:Crisis of 1870
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1113:Gallia Belgica
1109:
1107:
1101:
1100:
1089:
1088:
1081:
1074:
1066:
1058:
1057:
1048:
1043:In your pocket
1030:
1005:
1004:
1002:
999:
998:
997:
996:
995:
981:municipalities
974:
965:
956:
944:
939:
938:
937:
887:municipalities
880:
868:
861:
858:
818:
815:
795:Dutch Republic
780:
777:
708:, the city of
689:
686:
673:
670:
656:
653:
612:
609:
573:
570:
515:
512:
498:had appointed
496:Pope Sergius I
487:permitted the
398:, near modern
350:Gallia Belgica
345:
342:
311:Western Europe
309:, a region in
295:
294:
277:
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231:
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2180:
2178:
2177:Republicanism
2175:
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2163:
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2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
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1998:
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1990:
1988:
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1982:Flood control
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1918:
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1899:
1896:
1894:
1893:Nazi invasion
1891:
1890:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1873:Incorporation
1871:
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786:
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767:by the royal
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467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
437:
435:
434:Low Countries
431:
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411:
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401:
397:
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308:
307:Low Countries
304:
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291:
288:
269:
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262:
254:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
229:
226:
222:
218:
215:
212:
211:
205:
199:
197:
192:You can help
188:
179:
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169:
166:
158:
147:
144:
140:
137:
133:
130:
126:
123:
119:
116: –
115:
111:
110:Find sources:
104:
100:
94:
93:
88:This article
86:
82:
77:
76:
71:
69:
62:
61:
56:
55:
50:
45:
36:
35:
30:
19:
2550:Urbanization
2444:Coat of arms
2414:Prostitution
2327:Architecture
2268:Trade unions
2248:Polder model
2233:Central bank
2202:Water boards
2128:Human rights
2118:Homelessness
2088:Demographics
2078:Constitution
1888:World War II
1878:Principality
1694:Part of the
1531:Architecture
1508:Prostitution
1463:Demographics
1417:Trade unions
1395:Central bank
1310:Human rights
1290:Constitution
1264:Subdivisions
1217:State reform
1212:Congo Crisis
1190:World War II
1051:
1042:
1033:
1022:. Retrieved
1018:
1009:
983:in Belgium:
830:
807:
788:
761:Dutch revolt
758:
725:
720:to Antwerp.
699:
675:
658:
620:
602:
575:
565:
545:
482:
446:Viking raids
438:
421:
403:
394:
386:Roman villas
371:
369:
315:Roman Empire
302:
300:
298:
283:
243:edit summary
234:
201:
193:
161:
152:
142:
135:
128:
121:
109:
97:Please help
92:verification
89:
65:
58:
52:
51:Please help
48:
2461:Terminology
2409:Pornography
2150:Enforcement
2140:Immigration
2113:Health care
2093:Drug policy
1972:Earthquakes
1967:Delta Works
1828:Renaissance
1734:Cananefates
1685:Netherlands
1327:enforcement
1173:World War I
203:(June 2017)
2509:Categories
2384:Literature
2374:Irreligion
2182:Parliament
2108:Euthanasia
2083:Corruption
1853:Golden Age
1598:Television
1578:Literature
1483:Irreligion
1473:Healthcare
1349:Parliament
1200:occupation
1183:occupation
1024:2021-06-19
1001:References
923:Maastricht
738:golden age
649:hinterland
553:Oversticht
500:archbishop
492:Willibrord
456:, such as
395:Noviomagus
125:newspapers
54:improve it
29:Lowcountry
2379:Languages
2278:Transport
2228:AEX index
2172:Provinces
2155:Law Firms
2103:Elections
2098:Education
2027:Volcanoes
1987:Gas field
1945:Geography
1717:Roman Era
1488:Languages
1468:Education
1422:Transport
1334:Judiciary
1300:Executive
1295:Elections
1254:Mountains
1227:Geography
979:of other
977:Timelines
931:Rotterdam
911:The Hague
903:Groningen
899:Eindhoven
885:of other
883:Timelines
791:Amsterdam
779:Amsterdam
682:Amsterdam
666:Amsterdam
562:Groningen
485:Pippin II
418:Castellum
414:Oudenburg
261:talk page
60:talk page
2489:Category
2424:Religion
2337:Cannabis
2253:Taxation
2243:Euronext
2197:Military
2063:Abortion
2051:Politics
1808:Guelders
1791:Flanders
1757:Dorestad
1748:Frisians
1638:Category
1513:Religion
1453:Abortion
1344:Monarchy
1339:Military
1278:Politics
1195:invasion
1178:invasion
1097:articles
985:Brussels
927:Nijmegen
860:See also
838:Randstad
823:Randstad
640:Doesburg
632:Deventer
549:Guelders
504:Frisians
478:Nijmegen
466:Soissons
442:Dorestad
400:Nijmegen
364:Dorestad
237:provide
198:in Dutch
155:May 2021
2480:Outline
2434:Symbols
2347:Cuisine
2315:Culture
2286:Cycling
2263:Tourism
2216:Economy
2162:Monarch
2068:Cabinet
2012:Regions
2002:Mammals
1992:Islands
1804:Brabant
1795:Holland
1761:Utrecht
1726:Chamavi
1704:History
1622:Outline
1551:Cuisine
1523:Culture
1478:Honours
1441:Society
1412:Tourism
1390:Banking
1373:Economy
1239:Climate
1105:History
1093:Belgium
935:Utrecht
907:Haarlem
850:Antwerp
742:Seville
714:Scheldt
710:Antwerp
688:Antwerp
678:Antwerp
624:Zutphen
605:Antwerp
594:England
502:of the
494:, whom
474:Tournai
470:Herstal
462:Cambrai
426:Utrecht
408:, near
327:Flemish
259:to the
241:in the
200:.
139:scholar
2494:Portal
2439:Anthem
2404:People
2342:Cinema
2238:Energy
2017:Rivers
1962:Cities
1752:Franks
1744:Saxons
1730:Batavi
1722:Frisii
1643:Portal
1566:waffle
1546:Comics
1541:Cinema
1503:People
1407:Energy
1259:Rivers
1168:Empire
1095:
989:Leuven
919:Leiden
799:IJ bay
726:entire
718:Bruges
706:Bruges
644:Zwolle
636:Elburg
628:Kampen
582:Bruges
558:Frisia
454:Franks
410:Velsen
405:Flevum
390:Castra
330:cities
141:
134:
127:
120:
112:
2429:Sport
2394:Music
2389:Media
1997:Lakes
1957:Birds
1629:Index
1593:Sport
1583:Music
1498:Media
1458:Crime
1249:Lakes
993:Liège
895:Delft
891:Breda
590:Ypres
586:Ghent
458:Liège
440:that
378:Rhine
323:Dutch
221:DeepL
146:JSTOR
132:books
2454:Lion
2449:Flag
2352:Wine
2133:LGBT
1573:Flag
1561:wine
1556:Beer
1315:LGBT
970:and
961:and
952:and
876:and
854:Ruhr
848:and
825:and
734:Alps
702:Zwin
588:and
566:stad
560:and
530:The
352:and
325:and
319:Alps
301:The
235:must
233:You
214:View
118:news
2332:Art
2145:Law
1536:Art
1322:Law
223:or
101:by
2511::
1806:,
1797:,
1793:,
1759:,
1750:,
1746:,
1732:,
1728:,
1724:,
1041:.
1017:.
991:,
987:,
933:,
929:,
925:,
921:,
917:,
913:,
909:,
905:,
901:,
897:,
893:,
856:.
775:.
684:.
642:,
638:,
634:,
630:,
626:,
600:.
584:,
480:.
472:,
468:,
464:,
460:,
448:,
436:.
402:;
340:.
63:.
1677:e
1670:t
1663:v
1085:e
1078:t
1071:v
1045:.
1027:.
551:/
392:(
366:.
290:)
284:(
270:.
263:.
168:)
162:(
157:)
153:(
143:·
136:·
129:·
122:·
95:.
70:)
66:(
31:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
