History of Oceania

3300: 2021: 1553: 27: 1672: 3073: 55: 3375: 3724: 89: 1652: 3144: 2322: 1712: 1096: 3285: 1306: 2198: 1751: 1956: 3452: 2634: 1605: 1790: 429:, who had migrated into the area somewhat more than 3,000 years ago, came into contact with these pre-existing populations of Papuan-speaking peoples. In the late 20th century, some academics proposed a long period of interaction that led to numerous complex changes in the peoples' genetics, languages, and cultures. Kayser, et al. proposed that, from this area, a very small group of people (speaking an Austronesian language) departed to the east to become the forebears of the 1736: 1636: 2881: 392:, which have been dated at about 40,000 years old, but the time of arrival of the ancestors of Indigenous Australians is a matter of debate among researchers, with estimates dating back as far as 125,000 years ago. There is great diversity among different Indigenous communities and societies in Australia, each with its own unique mixture of cultures, customs and languages. In present-day Australia these groups are further divided into local communities. 1696: 2413: 1086: 2551: 226: 1782: 2889: 539: 2291: 587:(Period of the Nahnmwarki, c. 1628 to c. 1885). Pohnpeian legend recounts that the Saudeleur rulers, the first to bring government to Pohnpei, were of foreign origin. The Saudeleur centralized form of absolute rule is characterized in Pohnpeian legend as becoming increasingly oppressive over several generations. Arbitrary and onerous demands, as well as a reputation for offending Pohnpeian deities, sowed resentment among 1933: 864: 437: 966: 550: 3610: 3027: 1552: 2185:, or more particularly the mast formation, sails and rigging, resembled certain significant artefacts that formed part of the season of worship. Similarly, Cook's clockwise route around the island of Hawaii before making landfall resembled the processions that took place in a clockwise direction around the island during the Lono festivals. It has been argued (most extensively by 47: 3435:, the Japanese were now on the defensive, marking the limit of the Japanese advance southwards. The Japanese subsequently withdrew to establish a defensive position on the north coast, but they were followed by the Australians who recaptured Kokoda on 2 November. Further fighting continued into November and December as the Australian and 6259:. New York: Octagon Books, 1975. (Reprint by special arrangement with Yale University Press. Originally published at New Haven: Yale University Press, 1928), p. 574; the Tripartite Convention (United States, Germany, Great Britain) was signed at Washington on 2 December 1899 with ratification exchanged on 16 February 1900 3587:. In September 1995, France stirred up widespread protests by resuming nuclear testing at Fangataufa atoll after a three-year moratorium. The last test was on 27 January 1996. On 29 January 1996, France announced that it would accede to the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, and no longer test nuclear weapons. 3944:

Rasmussen, M.; Guo, X.; Wang, Y.; Lohmueller, K. E.; Rasmussen, S.; Albrechtsen, A.; Skotte, L.; Lindgreen, S.; Metspalu, M.; Jombart, T.; Kivisild, T.; Zhai, W.; Eriksson, A.; Manica, A.; Orlando, L.; de la Vega, F. M.; Tridico, S.; Metspalu, E.; Nielsen, K.; Avila-Arcos, M. C.; Moreno-Mayar, J. V.;

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Modern archeology, anthropology and linguistic studies confirm widespread Tongan cultural influence ranging widely through East 'Uvea, Rotuma, Futuna, Samoa and Niue, parts of Micronesia (Kiribati, Pohnpei), Vanuatu, and New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands, and while some academics prefer the term

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in Alaska. In a single visit, Cook charted the majority of the North American north-west coastline on world maps for the first time, determined the extent of Alaska, and closed the gaps in Russian (from the West) and Spanish (from the South) exploratory probes of the Northern limits of the Pacific.

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Moreover, a recent study which included radiocarbon dates from what is thought to be very early material suggests that the island was settled as recently as 1200 CE. This seems to be supported by a 2006 study of the island's deforestation, which could have started around the same time. A large, now

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in the Tuamotu Archipelago was selected as the new testing site. Moruroa atoll became notorious as a site of French nuclear testing, primarily because tests were carried out there after most Pacific testing had ceased. These tests were opposed by most other nations in Oceania. The last atmospheric

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interbred in Asia with these humans. He has found that people of New Guinea share 4–6% of their genome with the Denisovans, indicating this exchange. The Denisovans are considered cousin to the Neanderthals; both groups are now understood to have migrated out of Africa, with the Neanderthals going

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The study found a high rate of genetic differentiation and diversity among the groups living within the Melanesian islands, with the peoples distinguished by island, language, topography, and geography among the islands. Such diversity developed over their tens of thousands of years of settlement

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attempted to introduce a series of bills which would have, amongst other things, pardoned those involved in the 2000 coup. Bainimarama, concerned that the legal and racial injustices of the previous coups would be perpetuated, staged his own coup. It was internationally condemned, and Fiji again

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In 1940 the administration of French Polynesia recognized the Free French Forces and many Polynesians served in World War II. Unknown at the time to French and Polynesians, the Konoe Cabinet in Imperial Japan on 16 September 1940 included French Polynesia among the many territories which were to

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Micronesia began to be settled several millennia ago, although there are competing theories about the origin and arrival of the first settlers. There are numerous difficulties with conducting archaeological excavations in the islands, due to their size, settlement patterns and storm damage. As a

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again. On his first voyage, Cook had demonstrated by circumnavigating New Zealand that it was not attached to a larger landmass to the south. Although he charted almost the entire eastern coastline of Australia, showing it to be continental in size, the Terra Australis was believed by the Royal

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are descriptions sometimes given to Tongan expansionism and projected hegemony dating back to 950 CE, but at its peak during the period 1200–1500. While modern researchers and cultural experts attest to widespread Tongan influence and evidences of transoceanic trade and exchange of material and

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After the fall of Toma, only minor German forces were left in New Guinea and these generally capitulated once met by Australian forces. In December 1914, one German officer near Angorum attempted resist the occupation with thirty native police but his force deserted him after they fired on an

856:. The area of Tonga, Fiji, and Samoa served as a gateway into the rest of the Pacific region now known as Polynesia. Ancient Tongan mythologies, as recorded by early European explorers, report the islands of 'Ata and Tongatapu as the first islands hauled to the surface from the deep ocean by 2244:. The Hawaiians prevented this, and Cook's men had to retreat to the beach. As Cook turned his back to help launch the boats, he was struck on the head by the villagers and then stabbed to death as he fell on his face in the surf. Hawaiian tradition says that he was killed by a chief named 455:

in 2008; based on genome scans and evaluation of more than 800 genetic markers among a wide variety of Pacific peoples, it found that neither Polynesians nor Micronesians have much genetic relation to Melanesians. Both groups are strongly related genetically to East Asians, particularly

460:. It appeared that, having developed their sailing outrigger canoes, the Polynesian ancestors migrated from East Asia, moved through the Melanesian area quickly on their way, and kept going to eastern areas, where they settled. They left little genetic evidence in Melanesia. 944:

The first settlements in Fiji were started by voyaging traders and settlers from the west about 5000 years ago. Lapita pottery shards have been found at numerous excavations around the country. Aspects of Fijian culture are similar to the Melanesian culture of the western

812:". The Lapita people had given up rice production, for instance, after encountering and adapting to breadfruit in the Bird's Head area of New Guinea. In the end, the most eastern site for Lapita archaeological remains recovered so far has been through work on the 1881:

Cook then voyaged west, reaching the south-eastern coast of Australia on 19 April 1770, and in doing so his expedition became the first recorded Europeans to have encountered its eastern coastline. On 23 April he made his first recorded direct observation of

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by some Hawaiians who treated Cook as an incarnation of Lono. Though this view was first suggested by members of Cook's expedition, the idea that any Hawaiians understood Cook to be Lono, and the evidence presented in support of it, were challenged in 1992.

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The esteem which the islanders nevertheless held for Cook caused them to retain his body. Following their practice of the time, they prepared his body with funerary rituals usually reserved for the chiefs and highest elders of the society. The body was

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Samoa became the first pacific nation to gain independence in 1962. Nauru became second in 1968, followed by Fiji and Tonga in 1970 and numerous other nations in the 1970s and 1980s. The South Pacific Forum was founded in 1971, which became the

2400:, who reigned Niue from 1887 to 1896, offered to cede sovereignty to the British Empire, fearing the consequences of annexation by a less benevolent colonial power. The offer was not accepted until 1900. Niue was a British protectorate, but the 783:

Slow Boat model: Similar to the express-train model but with a longer hiatus in Melanesia along with admixture (genetically, culturally and linguistically) with the local population. This is supported by the Y-chromosome data of Kayser

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but have a stronger connection to the older Polynesian cultures. Stretching across 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) from east to west, Fiji has been a nation of many languages. Fiji's history was one of settlement but also of mobility.

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In sight of Port Moresby itself, the Japanese began to run out of momentum against the Australians who began to receive further reinforcements. Having outrun their supply lines and following the reverses suffered by the Japanese at

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Atoll were forced to abandon their island. Three years later the islanders were allowed to return, but suffered abnormally high levels of cancer. They were evacuated again in 1985 and in 1996 given $ 45 million in compensation.

1896:…and were so near the Shore as to distinguish several people upon the Sea beach they appear'd to be of a very dark or black Colour but whether this was the real colour of their skins or the Cothes they might have on I know not 957:

between warring tribes were quite rampant and very much part of everyday life. In later centuries, the reputation of the cannibal lifestyle deterred European sailors from going near Fijian waters, and Fiji acquired the name

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at 900 BCE, the small differences in dates with Samoa being due to differences in radiocarbon-dating technologies between 1989 and 2010, the Tongan site apparently predating the Samoan site by some few decades in real time.

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for repairs. Tensions rose, and a number of quarrels broke out between the Europeans and Hawaiians. On 14 February 1779, at Kealakekua Bay, some Hawaiians took one of Cook's small boats. As thefts were quite common in

2036:, but turned towards Tahiti to resupply his ship. He then resumed his southward course in a second fruitless attempt to find the supposed continent. On this leg of the voyage he brought a young Tahitian named 1711: 3770:

On 1 May 1979, in recognition of the evolving political status of the Marshall Islands, the United States recognized the constitution of the Marshall Islands and the establishment of the Government of the

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In 1946, French Polynesians were granted French citizenship and the islands' status was changed to an overseas territory; the islands' name was changed in 1957 to Polynésie Française (French Polynesia).

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Entangled Bank model: Emphasizes the long history of Austronesian speakers' cultural and genetic interactions with indigenous Island South-East Asians and Melanesians along the way to becoming the first

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Burley, David V.; Barton, Andrew; Dickinson, William R.; Connaughton, Sean P.; Taché, Karine (2010). "Nukuleka as a Founder Colony for West Polynesian Settlement: New Insights from Recent Excavations".

2467:. Between 1873 and 1876, 4,200 political prisoners were "relegated" in New Caledonia. Only forty of them settled in the colony, the rest returned to France after being granted amnesty in 1879 and 1880. 5336:("Father Lord") has made some historians suspect that Hotu Matua was added to Easter Island mythology only in the 1860s, along with adopting the Mangarevan language. The "real" founder would have been 796:

In the archaeological record there are well-defined traces of this expansion, allowing researchers to follow and date the path it took with some certainty. It is thought that by roughly 1400 BCE,

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unsuccessfully lobbied for British protection in 1888, so in 1889 they were annexed by France. Postage stamps were first issued in the colony in 1892. The first official name for the colony was

1485:. As Tasman sailed out of the bay he was again attacked, this time by 11 waka . The waka approached the Zeehan which fired and hit one Māori who fell down. Canister shot hit the side of a waka. 1461:

After some exploration, Tasman had intended to proceed in a northerly direction but as the wind was unfavourable he steered east. On 13 December they sighted land on the north-west coast of the

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as part of a strategy of isolating Australia from the United States. Initially only limited Australian forces were available to oppose them, and after making rapid progress the Japanese

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before the Polynesian ancestors ever arrived at the islands. For instance, populations developed differently in coastal areas, as opposed to those in more isolated mountainous valleys.

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was planning in South-East Asia against overseas territories of the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and the United States. There were simultaneous Japanese attacks on the U.S.-held

3629:, who originally came to the islands as indentured labor in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The 1987 coup followed the election of a multi-ethnic coalition, which 3061:

All other German and Austrian possessions in Asia and the Pacific fell without bloodshed. Naval warfare was common; all of the colonial powers had naval squadrons stationed in the

992:. There is considerable uncertainty about the accuracy of this legend as well as about the date of settlement. Published literature suggests the island was settled around 300–400 3371:

to supply the Japanese garrison on Guadalcanal. Of more than 36,000 Japanese on Guadalcanal, about 26,000 were killed or missing, 9,000 died of disease, and 1,000 were captured.

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become Japanese possessions in the post-war world—though in the course of the war in the Pacific the Japanese were not able to launch an actual invasion of the French islands.

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In 1852, French Polynesia was granted partial internal autonomy; in 1984, the autonomy was extended. French Polynesia became a full overseas collectivity of France in 2004.

1041:), was one of the dominant trees as attested by fossil evidence; this species, unique to Easter Island, became extinct due to deforestation by the early Polynesian settlers. 3360:

operating in remote locations, often on Japanese held islands, providing early warning and intelligence of Japanese naval, army and aircraft movements during the campaign.

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Additional DNA analysis has taken research into new directions, as more human species have been discovered since the late 20th century. Based on his genetic studies of the

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was settled before or around 3500 to 1000 BC, although the details of Pacific migration remain vague. It is believed that the Lapita people or the ancestors of the

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who now comprise the majority of people in China and Taiwan. There are three theories regarding the prehistoric spread of humans across the Pacific to Polynesia. Kayser

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Dunn, Michael; Angela Terrill; Ger Reesink; Robert A. Foley; Stephen C. Levinson (2005). "Structural Phylogenetics and the Reconstruction of Ancient Language History".

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by Professor Friedrich Ratzel, Book II, Section A, The Races of Oceania p. 165, picture of a stick chart from the Marshall Islands. MacMillan and Co., published 1896.

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Australia's first inhabitants, the Aboriginal people, are believed to have migrated from some unknown point in Asia to Australia between 50,000 and 60,000 years ago.

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became an important and bloody campaign fought in the Pacific War as the Allies began to repulse Japanese expansion. Of strategic importance during the war were the

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The first Dutch government posts were established in 1898 and in 1902: Manokwari on the north coast, Fak-Fak in the west and Merauke in the south at the border with

3703:. These were resisted by Papua New Guinea primarily because of the presence in Bougainville of the Panguna mine, which was vital to Papua New Guinea's economy. The 2071:. He then turned north to South Africa, and from there continued back to England. His reports upon his return home put to rest the popular myth of Terra Australis. 656:

The first people of the Northern Mariana Islands navigated to the islands at some period between 4000 BCE to 2000 BCE from Southeast Asia. They became known as the

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clashed with under strength Australian forces at Awala, forcing them back to Kokoda. A number of Japanese attacks were subsequently fought off by the Australian

2703:"); and in 1906, transferred all remaining responsibility to Australia. During World War I, Australian forces seized German New Guinea, which in 1920 became the 1488:

Archeological research has shown the Dutch had tried to land at a major agricultural area, which the Māori may have been trying to protect. Tasman named the bay

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settled there over 4,000 years ago. A decentralized chieftain-based system eventually evolved into a more centralized economic and religious culture centered on

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died of malaria. Peacekeeping troops led by Australia have been in the region since the late 1990s, and a referendum on independence will be held in the 2010s.

2455:, and from the 1860s until the end of the transportations in 1897, about 22,000 criminals and political prisoners were sent to New Caledonia, among them many 1671: 1266:, the Manila galleons formed one of the first global maritime exchange in human history, linking Seville in Spain with Manila in the Philippines, via Mexico. 2460: 487:

Melanesians of some islands are one of the few non-European peoples, and the only dark-skinned group of people outside Australia, known to have blond hair.

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as French. In 1885, France appointed a governor and established a general council, thus giving it the proper administration for a colony. The islands of

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Su, B.; Underhill, P.; Martinson, J.; Saha, N.; McGarvey, S.T.; Shriver, M.D.; Chu, J.; Oefner, P.; Chakraborty, R.; Chakraborty, R.; Deka, R. (2000).

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The Saudeleur era lasted around 500 years. Legend generally dates their downfall to the 1500s, however archaeologists date Saudeleur ruins to c. 1628.

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Rapanui's Tu'u ko Iho Versus Mangareva's 'Atu Motua. Evidence for Multiple Reanalysis and Replacement in Rapanui Settlement Traditions, Easter Island.

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The burnt out remains of Govinda's Restaurant in Suva: over 100 shops and businesses were ransacked in Suva's central business district on 19 May 2000

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Some of the most intense fighting of the Second World War occurred in the Solomons. The most significant of the Allied Forces' operations against the

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and nearby islands. Indigenous Australians migrated from Africa to Asia around 70,000 years ago and arrived in Australia around 50,000 years ago. The

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to Samoa looking for an alliance against colonial powers. It ended in suspicions from the German Navy and embarrassment for the conduct of the crew.

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Islands Tasman's ships came close to being wrecked on the dangerous reefs of the north-eastern part of the Fiji group. He charted the eastern tip of

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crossed the Pacific from Mexico to the Philippines and back, in the first transpacific trade route in history. Combined with the Spanish Atlantic or

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New Zealand and Australian military personnel boarding a Sea Hawk helicopter as part of the Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands in 2007

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and U.S. Marines and Army troops later took control of the islands from the Japanese on 3 February, following intense fighting on Kwajalein and

1750: 880:, constructed of three coral limestone slabs each weighing at least 30–40 tons It was built at the beginning of the 13th century under the 11th 772:

by roughly 1400 BCE, reaching western Polynesian islands about 900 BCE. This theory is supported by the majority of current human genetic data,

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In 1905 the British government transferred some administrative responsibility over south-east New Guinea to Australia (which renamed the area "

2692:. The German, Dutch and British colonial administrators each attempted to suppress the still-widespread practices of inter-village warfare and 2139:

From the Sandwich Islands Cook sailed north and then north-east to explore the west coast of North America north of the Spanish settlements in

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On 24 November 1642 Abel Tasman sighted the west coast of Tasmania, north of Macquarie Harbour. He named his discovery Van Diemen's Land after

680:. Micronesian colonists gradually settled the Marshall Islands during the 2nd millennium BCE, with inter-island navigation made possible using 3662:. Many indigenous Fijians were unhappy at the treatment of Speight and his supporters, feeling that the coup had been legitimate. In 2006 the 3084:

in August 1914 by New Zealand forces. The campaign to take Samoa ended without bloodshed after over 1,000 New Zealanders landed on the German

2711:. The territories under Australian administration became collectively known as The Territories of Papua and New Guinea (until February 1942). 6704: 5584: 2420:

French Catholic missionaries arrived on Tahiti in 1834; their expulsion in 1836 caused France to send a gunboat in 1838. In 1842, Tahiti and

1473:) at the south of the tip of South America. Proceeding north and then east, he stopped to gather water, but one of his boats was attacked by 933:

arrived; they may have had some influence on the new culture, and archaeological evidence shows that Polynesians would have then moved on to

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result, much evidence is based on linguistic analysis. The earliest archaeological traces of civilization have been found on the island of

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still roamed Europe. The original inhabitants of the group of islands now named Melanesia were likely the ancestors of the present-day

2451:(Nouméa) was founded 25 June 1854. A few dozen free settlers settled on the west coast in the following years. New Caledonia became a 2112:

around the American continent. After dropping Omai at Tahiti, Cook travelled north and in 1778 became the first European to visit the

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The first settlers of Australia, New Guinea, and the large islands just to the east arrived between 50,000 and 30,000 years ago, when

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in 1942 and 1947 respectively, marking their legislative independence from the United Kingdom. Hawaii became a U.S. state in 1959.

3103:. A company of Australians and a British warship besieged the Germans and their colonial subjects, ending with a German surrender. 2236:

and the other islands, Cook would have taken hostages until the stolen articles were returned. He attempted to take as hostage the

1702: 414:-speaking people. Migrating from Southeast Asia, they appear to have occupied these islands as far east as the main islands in the 247: 6289:. Official Histories, Australian War Memorial (9th edition, 1941 ed.). Sydney, Australia: Angus and Robertson. Archived from 4804:

Kayser, M.; Brauer, S.; Cordaux, R.; Casto, A.; Lao, O.; Zhivotovsky, L.A.; Moyse-Faurie, C.; Rutledge, R.B.; et al. (2006).

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The Japanese subsequently invaded New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and other Pacific islands. The Japanese were turned back at the

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over a century earlier, in 1642). Cook mapped the complete New Zealand coastline, making only some minor errors (such as calling

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Oceania was first explored by Europeans from the 16th century onwards. Portuguese navigators, between 1512 and 1526, reached the

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and on 28 November 1520 entered the ocean which he named "Pacific". The three remaining ships, led by Magellan and his captains

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Muller, C.; Dortch, J.; Gilbert, M. T. P.; Lund, O.; Wesolowska, A.; Karmin, M.; Weinert, L. A.; Wang, B.; et al. (2011).

2848: 1899: 484:. The evidence from Melanesia suggests their territory extended into south Asia, where ancestors of the Melanesians developed. 480:

into Europe, and the Denisovans heading east about 400,000 years ago. This is based on genetic evidence from a fossil found in

2626:, which he claimed for Spain in July 1606. On 18 October his expedition reached the western part of the island in present-day 2494:(Settlements in Oceania); in 1903 the general council was changed to an advisory council and the colony's name was changed to 2220:

After a month's stay, Cook resumed his exploration of the Northern Pacific. Shortly after leaving Hawaii Island, however, the

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as a resting place for west-bound galleons. For a long time this was the only non-coastal European settlement in the Pacific.

6645: 6616: 6552: 6533: 6460: 6132: 5483: 4390: 2248:. The Hawaiians dragged his body away. Four of Cook's men were also killed and two others were wounded in the confrontation. 2017:, and eventually sailed back to Britain, while Cook continued to explore the Antarctic, reaching 71°10'S on 31 January 1774. 1413: 1258:

found a wind system that would allow ships to sail eastward from Asia, back to the Americas. From then until 1815 the annual

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began attacking the mine in 1988, forcing its closure the following year. Further BRA activity led to the declaration of a

3658:, who was opposed to Speight, then took over and appointed a new Prime Minister. Speight was later tried and convicted for 2133: 1825:

were made. Once the observations were completed, Cook opened the sealed orders which were additional instructions from the

4483:. Asian and Pacific Archaeology. Social Science Research Institute, University of Hawaii at Manoa. pp. 14, 254, 258. 4697:. Center for Pacific Islands Studies, School of Hawaiian, Asian & Pacific Studies, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa: 34 2382: 1223:

From 1527 to 1595 a number of other large Spanish expeditions crossed the Pacific Ocean, leading to the discovery of the

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Kayser, Manfred; Silke Brauer; Gunter Weiss; Peter A. Underhill; Lutz Rower; Wulf Schiefenhövel; Mark Stoneking (2000).

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in the place called Lalopua (from Official documents of the Tuimanuʻa government, 1893; Office of the Governor, 2004).

2350:, which later became a British colony. Britain also established colonies in Australia in 1788, New Zealand in 1840 and 2129: 1546:, Tasmania and New Zealand were not visited by Europeans—mainland Australia was visited, but usually only by accident. 984:

recorded local oral traditions about the original settlers. In these traditions, Easter Islanders claimed that a chief

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or Pacific Oceans. These fleets operated by supporting the invasions of German held territories and by destroying the

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A successive European claim occurred in 1828, when the Netherlands formally claimed the western half of the island as

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mediation and German compensation of $ 4.5 million, Spain recognized a German claim in 1885. Germany established a

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arrived on the island in one or two large canoes with his wife and extended family. They are believed to have been

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after annexing it from Germany. The Japanese headquarters was established at the German center of administration,

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was founded in 1843. In 1880, France annexed Tahiti, changing the status from that of a protectorate to that of a

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and the conflict continued until about 2005, when successionist leader and self-proclaimed King of Bougainville

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Cook returned to Hawaii in 1779. After sailing around the archipelago for some eight weeks, he made landfall at

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became separated. Furneaux made his way to New Zealand, where he lost some of his men during an encounter with

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Clark, G.; Burley, D.; Murray, T. (2008). "Monumentality in the development of the Tongan maritime chiefdom".

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which carried them across the Pacific to the Philippines where Magellan was killed. One surviving ship led by

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History of United States Naval Operations in World War II: The rising sun in the Pacific, 1931 – April 1942

4722:. Bibliographies and Indexes in World History. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 3, 34–35, 102, 156–59. 3400: 2812:(including Tutuila and the Manúʻa Group) from the western islands of Samoa (including ʻUpolu and Savaiʻi). 2805: 2785: 2117: 1960: 681: 457: 54: 3688:

The Australian government estimated that anywhere between 15,000 and 20,000 people could have died in the

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Forces was launched on 7 August 1942, with simultaneous naval bombardments and amphibious landings on the

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that united Pohnpei's estimated 25,000 people until its centralized system collapsed amid the invasion of

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Kayser, M.; Brauer, S.; Weiss, G.; Underhill, P.A.; Roewer, L.; Schiefenhövel, W.; Stoneking, M. (2000).

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for the second part of his voyage: to search the south Pacific for signs of the postulated rich southern

292: 68: 5409: 4380: 2563: 808:. This culture is seen as having adapted and evolved through time and space since its emergence "Out of 6749: 6286:

Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918: Volume IX – The Royal Australian Navy: 1914–1918

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Some scientists say that Easter Island was not inhabited until 700–800 CE. This date-range is based on

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had yet to be established, so the dates in Cook's journal are a day earlier than those accepted today.

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witnessed the storm and its aftermath at Apia and later wrote about what he saw. The Samoan Civil War

1542:, and arrived at Batavia on 15 June 1643. For over a century after Tasman's voyages, until the era of 724:. Between about 3000 and 1000 BCE speakers of Austronesian languages began spreading from Taiwan into 425:

Particularly along the north coast of New Guinea and in the islands north and east of New Guinea, the

6850: 6805: 5703: 3837: 3480: 3152: 2708: 2256:, baked to facilitate removal of the flesh, and the bones were carefully cleaned for preservation as 1193:

and reaching Mexico. Unable to find the right winds, it was forced to return to the East Indies. The

5340:, who became just a supporting character in Hotu Matu'a-centric legends. See Steven Fischer (1994). 3723: 3621:: military in 1987 and 2006 and civilian in 2000. All were ultimately due to ethnic tension between 6935: 6930: 6845: 6825: 5929: 5580: 4238:

Friedlaender J, Friedlaender JS, Friedlaender FR, Reed FA, Kidd KK, et al. (18 January 2008).

3324: 3262: 2854:

During World War II, Japan occupied many Oceanic colonies by wresting control from western powers.

2532: 2189:) that such coincidences were the reasons for Cook's (and to a limited extent, his crew's) initial 1678: 1470: 1401: 761: 276: 6526:

On the Road of the Winds: An Archaeological History of the Pacific Islands Before European Contact

4993:

On the road of the wings: an archaeological history of the Pacific Islands before European contact

4966:"Melanesian and Asian Origins of Polynesians: mtDNA and Y Chromosome Gradients Across the Pacific" 4806:"Melanesian and Asian origins of Polynesians: mtDNA and Y chromosome gradients across the Pacific" 3072: 1695: 1182: 824:. The Mulifanua site, where 4,288 pottery shards have been found and studied, has a "true" age of 6926: 5972: 3866: 3812: 3683: 3641: 3495: 3484: 3440: 3420: 3251: 3003: 2867: 2704: 2433: 1658: 1591: 1575: 725: 358: 331:, and these vary greatly as to when they were first inhabited by humans — from 70,000 years ago ( 316: 147: 4769:

Hage, P.; Marck, J. (2003). "Matrilineality and Melanesian Origin of Polynesian Y Chromosomes".

4296: 3636:

overthrew, claiming racial discrimination against ethnic Fijians. The coup was denounced by the

6729: 6629: 6153: 6067: 5775: 5454: 3817: 3786: 3689: 3396: 3391:

was a campaign consisting of a series of battles fought between July and November 1942 between

3197: 3134: 3039: 2999: 2839:

atolls. In 1947, the United States, as the occupying power, entered into an agreement with the

1967:

commemorating his first contact with the Hawaiian Islands at the town's harbour in January 1778

1883: 1863: 1851: 1595: 1385: 868: 841: 773: 703: 661: 595:, another semi-mythical foreigner, who replaced the Saudeleur rule with the more decentralized 370: 348: 288: 178: 6408: 5925: 5662: 5530: 5523: 5299: 5227: 4651:. Contributions to Anthropology. Vol. 10. Smithsonian Institution Press. pp. 38–51. 3563:

In 1962, France's early nuclear testing ground of Algeria became independent and the atoll of

3143: 2044:

had been on the first voyage. On his return voyage to New Zealand in 1774, Cook landed at the

6941: 6122: 5215: 3748: 3696: 3553: 3304: 3270: 3255: 3007: 2797:(supreme chief of Manúʻa) on 16 July 1904 at the Crown residence of the Tuimanuʻa called the 2378: 2237: 1980: 1940:). Drawn by Sydney Parkinson, the artist on Captain Cook's 1st voyage to New Zealand in 1769. 1909:

After his departure from Botany Bay he continued northwards. After a grounding mishap on the

1538:

and Cikobia before making his way back into the open sea. He eventually turned north-west to

1511: 1330: 362: 354: 88: 4002:"Aboriginal Australians descend from the first humans to leave Africa, DNA sequence reveals" 3767:

in 1975, and a civil war followed in the early 1990s, with it later being granted autonomy.

2603: 2321: 2264:. Some of Cook's remains, thus preserved, were eventually returned to his crew for a formal 1290: 1255: 844:

spread 6,000 kilometres eastwards from the Bismarck Archipelago, until it reached as far as

653:. Isokelekel and his descendants initially occupied the stone city, but later abandoned it. 6965: 6699: 6585: 6480: 6096: 5401: 5230:, Geraghty, P., 1994 in "Language Contact and Change in the Austronesian World: pp. 236–39. 4870: 4480:

The Lelu Stone Ruins (Kosrae, Micronesia): 1978–1981 Historical and Archaeological Research

4112: 3958: 3807: 3802: 3647:

The 2000 coup was essentially a repeat of the 1987 affair, although it was led by civilian

3432: 3353: 3328: 2658: 2575: 2335: 2108:

to Tahiti, or so the public were led to believe. The trip's principal goal was to locate a

2094: 1991: 1583: 1432: 1359: 813: 801: 729: 713: 697: 426: 328: 272: 183: 129: 110: 5754: 5162:

William Mariner: An Account of the Natives of the Tonga Islands in the South Pacific Ocean

4832: 4133: 4058: 2791:

Samoa aligned its interests with the United States in a Deed of Succession, signed by the

2241: 894: 832:. A 2010 study places the beginning of the human archaeological sequences of Polynesia in 8: 6714: 4188: 3752: 3096: 3047: 2981: 2935: 2840: 2781: 2682: 2567: 2507: 2471: 1515: 1381: 1130: 1080: 721: 601:

system in existence today. Isokelekel is regarded as the creator of the modern Pohnpeian

385:

is an inclusive term used when referring to both Aboriginal and Torres Strait islanders.

209: 157: 115: 5966: 5348:. Peter H. Buck, Vikings of the Pacific, University of Chicago Press, 1938. pp. 228–36. 4874: 4116: 3962: 2669:

annexed south-eastern New Guinea. However, the Queensland government's superiors in the

1850:, Cook managed to reach New Zealand on 6 October 1769, leading only the second group of 1122: 1118: 732:

thought to have travelled via South China about 8,000 years ago to the edges of western

6946: 6865: 6764: 5267: 5131: 4965: 4947: 4786: 4266: 4239: 4220: 4146: 3979: 3946: 3708: 3663: 3630: 3408: 3224: 3159: 3151:

at the beginning of the attack. The explosion in the center is a torpedo strike on the

3095:

in September 1914: 500 Australians encountered 300 Germans and native policemen at the

3066: 2942: 2821: 2700: 2689: 2245: 2109: 2041: 1918: 1910: 1843: 1718: 1579: 1506: 1493: 1451: 1447:, mapped substantial portions of Australia, New Zealand, Tonga and the Fijian islands. 1166: 1162: 1106: 1089: 1008: 905: 374: 78: 4934: 4917: 4449:. Pacific Islands Monograph. Vol. 5. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 13–25. 4207: 4190: 3919: 3618: 1902:. It is here that James Cook made first contact with an aboriginal tribe known as the 1095: 912:"maritime chiefdom", others argue that, while very different from examples elsewhere, 908:

of a "political" empire ruled for any length of time by successive rulers is lacking.

6950: 6921: 6840: 6759: 6641: 6634: 6612: 6593: 6571: 6548: 6529: 6510: 6488: 6456: 6412: 6236: 6179: 6128: 6045: 5534: 5479: 5384: 5271: 5135: 5081: 4996: 4939: 4898: 4893: 4856: 4837: 4790: 4723: 4652: 4618: 4557: 4518: 4484: 4450: 4413: 4386: 4271: 4212: 4169: 4138: 4102: 4042: 3984: 3736: 3655: 3472: 3364: 3334: 3266: 3110: 3092: 3055: 3043: 2991: 2920: 2793: 2767: 2720: 2678: 2517: 2479: 1922: 1826: 1566:

during the Golden Age of Dutch exploration and discovery (c. 1590s–1720s): including

1501: 1376:

The Dutch were the first non-natives to undisputedly explore and chart coastlines of

1371: 1263: 1248: 1236: 1142: 1072: 1031: 1011:

from charcoal that appears to have been produced during forest-clearance activities.

954: 717: 673: 665: 646: 631: 504: 472: 452: 284: 2067:

Before returning to England, Cook made a final sweep across the South Atlantic from

6754: 6744: 6734: 6724: 6347:

For the Japanese designator of Oahu. Wilford, Timothy. "Decoding Pearl Harbor", in

5438: 5284:"Pacific voyaging after the exploration period", Neich, R. 2006 in K.R. Howe (ed.) 5257: 5249: 5123: 4929: 4888: 4878: 4827: 4817: 4778: 4357: 4261: 4251: 4202: 4150: 4128: 4120: 4059:"Aboriginal truth and white media: Eric Michaels meets the spirit of Aboriginalism" 3974: 3966: 3782: 3775:. The constitution incorporates both American and British constitutional concepts. 3760: 3700: 3652: 3533: 3515: 3416: 3407:, Japanese forces attempted to advance south overland through the mountains of the 3122: 3118: 2924: 2913: 2863: 2784:

in 1898. Territorial disputes between the US, Germany and UK over Samoa led to the

2654: 2347: 2186: 2174: 2164: 2113: 2101: 2002: 1810: 1444: 1397: 1389: 1300: 1274: 1224: 1198: 1174: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1138: 1134: 1004: 884: 769: 677: 468: 411: 366: 204: 188: 173: 4951: 4224: 1620: 752:

Express Train model: A recent (c. 3000–1000 BCE) expansion out of Taiwan, via the

535:. The prehistory of many Micronesian islands such as Yap are not known very well. 324: 6955: 6835: 6787: 6709: 5658: 5509: 5416: 5286:

Vaka Moana, voyages of the ancestors: the discovery and settlement of the Pacific

5203: 4756: 4717: 4646: 4612: 4584: 4551: 4512: 4478: 4444: 4407: 4256: 4237: 4065: 3633: 3626: 3572: 3557: 3549: 3522: 3374: 3338: 3293: 3274: 3228: 3212:, on the morning of 7 December 1941 (8 December in Japan). The attack led to the 3193: 3178: 3114: 2970: 2619: 2587: 2362: 2160: 2140: 1987: 1972: 1859: 1835: 1393: 1351: 1270: 1259: 1206: 1186: 1101: 985: 929:

settled the islands first but not much is known of what became of them after the

840:

Within a mere three or four centuries between about 1300 and 900 BCE, the Lapita

657: 280: 58:

An exclusive economic zone map of the Pacific which excludes non-tropical islands

6453:

Reconciliation and Architectures of Commitment: Sequencing peace in Bougainville

6210:"Mormon Beginnings in Samoa: Kimo Belio, Samuela Manoa and Walter Murray Gibson" 5362:

Summary of Thomas S. Barthel's version of Hotu Matu'a's arrival to Easter Island

3575:

in the Pacific was controversial in the 1980s, in 1985 French agents caused the

2197: 2014: 1474: 6447:

Braithwaite, John; Charlesworth, Hilary; Reddy, Peter & Dunn, Leah (2010).

5962: 5349: 4091:"Genome Scans Show Polynesians Have Little Genetic Relationship to Melanesians" 3671: 3648: 3637: 3456: 3284: 3240: 3236: 3220: 3148: 3011: 3006:, involving Germany, United States, and Britain, eventually resulting, via the 2909: 2836: 2777: 2662: 2475: 2448: 2401: 2355: 2287:. After their arrival in England, King completed Cook's account of the voyage. 2253: 2228: 2207: 2156: 2090: 2053: 1726: 1611: 1567: 1355: 1305: 1218: 1170: 1158: 1105:, one of the original five ships, circumnavigated the globe after the death of 1076: 797: 619: 336: 230: 5926:"The Death of Captain James Cook, 14 February 1779 – National Maritime Museum" 5361: 5253: 5127: 4719:

Micronesian Histories: An Analytical Bibliography and Guide to Interpretations

3467:

Due to its low population, Oceania was a popular location for atmospheric and

2673:

revoked the claim, and (formally) assumed direct responsibility in 1884, when

2312:. The route of Cook's crew following his death is shown as a dashed blue line. 1813:

across the Sun. The expedition sailed from England on 26 August 1768, rounded

6981: 6502: 6374: 5698: 5419:

is also hosted by the Department of Anthropology of the University of Hawaii.

5373: 3947:"An Aboriginal Australian Genome Reveals Separate Human Dispersals into Asia" 3529: 3503: 3499: 3451: 3368: 3357: 3289: 3182: 3100: 3051: 3042:

in the Pacific Ocean and China. The most significant military action was the

2905: 2871: 2674: 2642: 2611: 2583: 2464: 2351: 2339: 2265: 2260:

in a fashion somewhat reminiscent of the treatment of European saints in the

2144: 2057: 2049: 1914: 1802: 1482: 1335:

the last human-inhabited continent to be largely known to the civilized world

1282: 1025: 973: 946: 623: 320: 5686:

on the table and his right hand points to the east coast of Australia on it.

5114:

Burley, DV (1998). "Tongan Archaeology and the Tongan Past, 2850–150 B.P.".

4883: 4822: 4124: 3970: 3785:

policy transferred asylum seekers to several Pacific nations, including the

3439:

forces assaulted the Japanese beachheads, in what later became known as the

2271:

Clerke assumed leadership of the expedition. Following the death of Clerke,

953:

Over the centuries, a unique Fijian culture developed. Constant warfare and

881: 6280: 5670: 5644: 4943: 4902: 4841: 4275: 4216: 4142: 3988: 3526: 3460: 3424: 3412: 3205: 3174: 3062: 3015: 2875: 2773: 2735: 2724: 2591: 2452: 2440: 2425: 2374: 1971:

In 1772 the Royal Society commissioned Cook to search for the hypothetical

1955: 1926: 1887: 1875: 1867: 1789: 1478: 1462: 1367: 1244: 603: 597: 583: 524: 496: 332: 152: 4093:, Press Release, Temple University, 18 January 2008, accessed 9 March 2013 3692:. More conservative estimates put the number of combat deaths as 1–2,000. 3399:—primarily Australian—forces in what was then the Australian territory of 3026: 1416:(c. 1570s–1670s). In the 17th century, the VOC's navigators and explorers 1165:

sailed down the east coast of South America, found and sailed through the

5187:"The Pacific Islands: An Encyclopedia", edited by Lal and Fortune, p. 133 4614:

Lost City of Stone: The Story of Nan Madol, the "Atlantis" of the Pacific

4292: 3712: 3346: 3138: 2880: 2693: 2638: 2633: 2544: 2294:

The routes of Captain James Cook's voyages. The first voyage is shown in

2261: 2125: 1871: 1855: 1722: 1687: 1642: 1626: 1563: 1523: 1497: 1428: 1314: 1202: 1178: 989: 930: 926: 753: 741: 709: 693: 669: 476: 430: 407: 401: 6026:. University of the South Pacific/Government of Tuvalu. pp. 127–39. 6022:

Noatia P. Teo (1983). "Chapter 17, Colonial Rule". In Hugh Larcy (ed.).

5442: 2290: 6881: 6485:

Captain Cook: The Life, Death and Legacy of History's Greatest Explorer

4684:"Lost in the Weeds: Theme and Variation in Pohnpei Political Mythology" 3404: 3201: 2949: 2844: 2743: 2666: 2571: 2536: 2456: 2397: 2343: 2190: 2148: 2033: 1806: 1794: 1765: 1571: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1322: 1190: 1016: 993: 829: 765: 733: 650: 592: 588: 312: 35: 6360:

Fukudome, Shigeru, "Hawaii Operation". United States Naval Institute,

5558: 5262: 5206:

2008: Vol 21. University of Otago Studies in Prehistoric Anthropology.

2404:

direct involvement ended in 1901 when New Zealand annexed the island.

2040:, who proved to be somewhat less knowledgeable about the Pacific than 1937: 1465:, New Zealand, becoming the first Europeans to do so. Tasman named it 708:

Linguistic, archaeological, and human genetic evidence identifies the

381:, along with some of the adjacent islands, i.e.: the "first peoples". 315:

of Oceania is divided into the prehistory of each of its major areas:

30:

1852 map of Oceania by J.G. Barbie du Bocage, including subregions of

6654: 6174:

Translation of Torres' report to the king in Collingridge, G. (1895)

5918: 5329: 5197:

Recent Advances in the Archaeology of the Fiji/West-Polynesia Region"

3244: 2956: 2829: 2828:. On 31 January 1944, during World War II, American forces landed on 2758:(high chiefs) continued to rule under indirect German colonial rule. 2627: 2607: 2540: 2428:, to allow Catholic missionaries to work undisturbed. The capital of 2068: 1997:. Cook's expedition circumnavigated the globe at an extreme southern 1847: 1830: 1814: 1757: 1741: 1326: 1318: 1286: 1085: 1020: 877: 873: 817: 805: 789: 757: 737: 611: 577: 553: 543: 500: 389: 225: 39: 31: 5023:"New Information for the Ferry Berth Site, Mulifanua, Western Samoa" 2550: 668:. The ancient Chamorro left a number of megalithic ruins, including 6124:

France's Overseas Frontier: Départements et territoires d'outre-mer

6038:

Cinderellas of the Empire: towards a history of Kiribati and Tuvalu

5216:"Hawaiki, Ancestral Polynesia: An Essay in Historical Anthropology" 4782: 4553:

Place Names of Pohnpei Island: Including And (Ant) and Pakin Atolls

3580: 3568:

test was conducted in 1974, and the last underground test in 1996.

3537: 3511: 3507: 3471:. Tests were conducted in various locations by the United Kingdom ( 3423:, yet they began to withdraw over the Owen Stanley Range, down the 2963: 2928: 2888: 2578:

and looked for foreign naval activities. This expedition landed on

2525: 2483: 2412: 2366: 2169: 1998: 1781: 1587: 1436: 1114: 712:

as a subset of the sea-migrating Austronesian peoples, and tracing

615: 538: 448: 378: 6623:

With new preface and afterword replying to criticism from Sahlins.

6609:

The Apotheosis of Captain Cook: European Mythmaking in the Pacific

6590:

The Apotheosis of Captain Cook: European Mythmaking in the Pacific

996:, or at about the time of the arrival of the earliest settlers in 4805: 3659: 3622: 3584: 3564: 3488: 3436: 2772:

The United States also expanded into the Pacific, beginning with

2751: 2520:

landed in the Marshall Islands in 1529. They were later named by

2429: 2421: 2061: 1932: 1903: 1458:. then claimed formal possession of the land on 3 December 1642. 1310: 1278: 1044: 918: 900: 863: 642: 627: 561: 532: 481: 441: 436: 6446: 5476:

The Statues that Walked: Unraveling the Mystery of Easter Island

5055: 3459:

test, known as Operation CROSSROADS (Event Baker), conducted at

3378:

Papuan carriers evacuate Australian casualties on 30 August 1942

3080:

One of the first land offensives in the Pacific theatre was the

1301:

Oceania during the Golden Age of Dutch exploration and discovery

857: 6407:

Elmer Belmont Potter, Roger Fredland, Henry Hitch Adams (1981)

6326:

Prange, Gordon W., Goldstein, Donald, & Dillon, Katherine.

5228:"Geraghty, P., 1994. Linguistic evidence for the Tongan empire" 3342: 3209: 3085: 2908:, and the British Empire from 1887 to 1889 over control of the 2825: 2739: 2487: 2370: 2233: 2025: 1818: 1232: 1036: 997: 965: 962:; as a result, Fiji remained unknown to the rest of the world. 809: 636: 622:

in Pohnpei began as early as 1200 CE. Nan Madol is offshore of

517: 419: 5514: 4446:

Upon a Stone Altar: A History of the Island of Pohnpei to 1890

4006:

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)

3544:

A series of British tests were also conducted in the 1950s at

3046:

in what is now China, but smaller actions were also fought at

2820:

At the beginning of World War I, Japan assumed control of the

1431:

was the first known European explorer to reach the islands of

549: 388:

The earliest definite human remains found to date are that of

4297:"Denisovans Were Neanderthals' Cousins, DNA Analysis Reveals" 2832: 2809: 2755: 2747: 2731: 2121: 2045: 1964: 1527: 1228: 1126: 938: 934: 853: 849: 833: 821: 572:(Period of Building, or Period of Peopling, before c. 1100); 369:. The term "Aboriginal" is traditionally applied to only the 46: 6257:

The Foreign Policy of the United States in Relation to Samoa

3789:. Australia, New Zealand and other nations took part in the 3609: 3491:), often with devastating consequences for the inhabitants. 3107:

Australian scouting party and he was subsequently captured.

1510:). Two names he gave to New Zealand landmarks still endure, 792:

of Polynesian Y chromosomes can be traced back to Melanesia.

2977: 2393: 2257: 2178: 2105: 2037: 1662: 1531: 1443:

islands. His navigator François Visscher, and his merchant

1440: 1294: 969: 845: 353:

Indigenous Australians are the original inhabitants of the

6120: 5181: 4915: 3943: 3518:

on 1 November (local date) in 1952, by the United States.

3261:

Some of the most prominent Oceanic battlegrounds were the

3158:. Two attacking Japanese planes can be seen: one over the 6178:

pp. 229–37. Golden Press Edition 1983, Gladesville, NSW.

5400:

Hunt, T.L., Lipo, C.P., 2006. Science, 1121879. See also

5175:"Ha'amonga 'a Maui (Trilithon) and 'esi Maka Fa'akinanga" 1809:

to travel to the Pacific Ocean to observe and record the

1481:(canoes) and four of his men were attacked and killed by 1418:

charted almost three-quarters of the Australian coastline

800:(so-named after their pottery tradition) appeared in the 528: 447:

However, the theory is contradicted by the findings of a

4854: 4803: 4326: 3088:, supported by an Australian and French naval squadron. 2904:

was a confrontation standoff between the United States,

2677:

claimed north-eastern New Guinea as the protectorate of

2657:. In 1883, following a short-lived French annexation of 2630:, and also claimed the territory for the King of Spain. 2143:. Cook explored and mapped the coast all the way to the 6230: 5707:. National Library of Australia. 2 May 1931. p. 12 3833:

List of countries and islands by first human settlement

3403:. Following a landing near Gona, on the north coast of 1817:

and continued westward across the Pacific to arrive at

1273:, Spanish explorers in the 17th century discovered the 634:

linked by a network of canals, and is often called the

365:, which are at the northernmost tip of Queensland near 6233:

A Footnote to History: Eight Years of Trouble in Samoa

5971:. Lahainaluna: Press of the Mission Seminary. p. 5391:. Chapter 2: Twilight at Easter pp. 79–119. See p. 89. 5344:

The Journal of Pacific History, 29(1), 3–18. See also

5303:, Cambridge University Press, p. 151, IBNS 0521311144. 4517:. University of Texas Press. pp. 60, 63, 76, 85. 3494:

From 1946 to 1958, the Marshall Islands served as the

3099:; the Allies won the day and the Germans retreated to 2998:

was able to escape the harbor and survived the storm.

2392:

Among the last islands in Oceania to be colonised was

1878:

from the South Island, and which Tasman had not seen.

1469:

on the assumption that it was connected to an island (

422:

and possibly the smaller islands farther to the east.

607:

social system and the father of the Pompeian people.

4857:"Polynesian origins: Insights from the Y chromosome" 4406:

Flood, Bo; Strong, Beret E.; Flood, William (2002).

4338: 4314: 3076:

A platoon of German reservists at Bita Paka in 1914.

2934:

The 1889 incident involved three American warships,

1766:

British exploration and Captain James Cook's voyages

1423: 5727:"Secret Instructions to Captain Cook, 30 June 1768" 4191:"The Melanesian Origin of Polynesian Y chromosomes" 4043:"When did Australia's earliest inhabitants arrive?" 2980:harbor, which was monitored by the British warship 2976:, keeping each other at bay over several months in 2354:in 1872, with much of Oceania being annexed by the 1526:. En route back to Batavia, Tasman came across the 591:. The Saudeleur Dynasty ended with the invasion of 564:, pre-colonial history is divided into three eras: 6633: 5522: 4762: 2147:, on the way identifying what came to be known as 2100:. The voyage was ostensibly planned to return the 1530:archipelago on 20 January 1643. While passing the 5520: 5379:Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed 5239: 4716:Goetzfridt, Nicholas J; Peacock, Karen M (2002). 4715: 4589:. University of Guam. 1990. pp. 92, 203, 277 2203:The Death of Captain James Cook, 14 February 1779 1348:Dutch Republic in the Age of Discovery (category) 914:..."empire" is probably the most convenient term. 645:and was the ceremonial and political seat of the 6979: 5078:The Polynesians – Prehistory of an Island People 4405: 4163: 3583:to prevent it from arriving at the test site in 2116:. After his initial landfall in January 1778 at 5873: 5871: 5818:"Captain Cook: Explorer, Navigator and Pioneer" 5313:Pacific Peoples, Melanesia/Micronesia/Polynesia 5300:Divine hunger: cannibalism as a cultural system 4918:"Melanesian origin of Polynesian Y chromosomes" 4797: 4549: 2606:explored the southern coast of New Guinea from 2325:Political Map of the Asia-Pacific Region, 1939. 1760:with the two ships, drawing by Isaack Gilsemans 471:, an ancient human species discovered in 2010, 5755:"Cook's Journal: Daily Entries, 22 April 1770" 3878:Also known as the Battle of Pearl Harbor, the 3791:Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands 3498:for the United States, and was the site of 67 3010:, in the partition of the Samoan Islands into 2738:and set up trading stations on the islands of 2181:. Coincidentally the form of Cook's ship, HMS 1045:European contact and exploration (1500s–1700s) 6897: 6670: 6267: 6265: 6021: 5811: 5809: 5583:. Encyclopedia of New Zealand. 4 March 2009. 5459:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of April 2024 ( 5437:. Vol. 94, no. 5. pp. 412–19. 5218:, Patrick Vinton Kirch; Roger C. Green (2001) 4545: 4543: 4541: 4070:The Australian Journal of Media & Culture 3670:In 2006 the then Australia Defence Minister, 3446: 2990:The standoff ended on 15 and 16 March when a 2342:led to several of the mutineers escaping the 2085:On his last voyage, Cook again commanded HMS 1293:. In 1668, the Spaniards founded a colony on 511:History of the Federated States of Micronesia 248: 6479: 6274:"Chapter V – Affairs in the Western Pacific" 6009: 5997: 5985: 5949: 5877: 5868: 5862: 5850: 5525:Pathfinders: A Global History of Exploration 5467: 5422: 4677: 4675: 4606: 4604: 4372: 4240:"The Genetic Structure of Pacific Islanders" 4019:"Sequencing Uncovers a 9,000 Mile Walkabout" 2447:took formal possession of New Caledonia and 1944: 1054: 6606: 6584: 6150:"History of French Polynesia, 1889 to 1918" 6064:"History of French Polynesia, 1797 to 1889" 5913: 5896: 5891: 5555:"Original map of Tasmania in December 1642" 5167: 4291: 4072:, vol. 3 no 3, 1990. Retrieved 6 June 2008. 4011: 3318: 3258:before they were finally defeated in 1945. 3227:from interfering with military actions the 3125:also fell to Allied forces during the war. 2641:controlled the western half of New Guinea, 2279:returned home in October 1780 commanded by 2074: 1770: 1717:The first European impression of Māori, at 676:came to the Marianas in the 1800s from the 475:claims that ancient human ancestors of the 6904: 6890: 6677: 6663: 6542: 6262: 6127:. Cambridge University Press. p. 46. 5806: 5346:Rapa Nui / Geography, History and Religion 5288:: 198–245. Auckland: David Bateman. p. 230 5020: 4995:. London: University of California Press. 4709: 4644: 4538: 4332: 4287: 4285: 2857: 2707:, to be administered by Australia under a 1657:The continent of Australia (then known as 1341: 1212: 1185:returned west across the Indian Ocean and 255: 241: 5261: 5049: 5021:Green, Roger C.; Leach, Helen M. (1989). 4933: 4892: 4882: 4831: 4821: 4768: 4672: 4610: 4601: 4550:Panholzer, Tom; Rufino, Mauricio (2003). 4438: 4436: 4385:. University of Texas Press. p. 30. 4265: 4255: 4206: 4132: 3978: 3677: 2847:, including the Marshall Islands, as the 2586:) and signed a treaty of annexation with 2512:Category:Spanish explorers of the Pacific 2227:foremast broke, so the ships returned to 2024:James Cook witnessing human sacrifice in 2005:(17 January 1773). In the Antarctic fog, 2001:, becoming one of the first to cross the 1846:, who had extensive knowledge of Pacific 1456:Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies 6911: 6141: 6055: 5887: 5885: 5815: 5657: 5473: 5445:(inactive 24 April 2024). Archived from 5075: 5069: 4681: 4086: 4084: 4082: 4080: 4078: 3722: 3608: 3560:peoples from their ancestral homelands. 3450: 3382: 3373: 3298: 3283: 3142: 3071: 3025: 2994:wrecked all six warships in the harbor. 2887: 2879: 2808:that partitioned the eastern islands of 2632: 2549: 2439:On 24 September 1853, under orders from 2411: 2320: 2289: 2283:, a veteran of Cook's first voyage, and 2196: 2032:Cook almost encountered the mainland of 2019: 1954: 1931: 1913:, the voyage continued, sailing through 1788: 1780: 1304: 1094: 1084: 964: 862: 716:places their prehistoric origins in the 548: 537: 520:, dated to 1500 BCE or slightly before. 435: 53: 50:Māori war dance, New Zealand, circa 1850 45: 25: 6628: 6561: 6314: 6201: 5902: 5619:"First contact violence linked to food" 4556:. Bess Press. pp. xiii, xii, 101. 4282: 3918:. Australian Government. Archived from 2815: 2761: 2614:including Orangerie Bay which he named 2369:) and the Ellice Islands (now known as 1560:Golden Age of Netherlandish cartography 1522:was renamed by Cook 125 years later to 6980: 6684: 6430:"Hands off Fiji, army commander warns" 6351:, XII, #1 (January 2002), p. 32 fn 81. 6168: 6091: 6089: 6087: 6085: 6015: 5961: 5907: 5529:. W.W. Norton & Company. pp. 5503:, GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. N. Stromberg 5431:"Rethinking the Fall of Easter Island" 5113: 4638: 4617:. Simon and Schuster. pp. 45–48. 4514:Prehistoric Architecture in Micronesia 4510: 4504: 4442: 4433: 4382:Prehistoric Architecture in Micronesia 4378: 4036: 3695:From 1975, there were attempts by the 3214:United States' entry into World War II 2849:Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands 2501: 2329: 1408:(or VOC) was a major force behind the 1289:and New Guinea, named after navigator 1189:went north in the hope of finding the 698:Polynesia § Origins and expansion 6885: 6658: 6523: 6501: 6449:"Chapter 7: The cost of the conflict" 6121:Robert Aldrich; John Connell (2006). 5882: 5838: 5800: 5587:from the original on 10 November 2010 5080:. Thames and Hudson. pp. 45–65. 4990: 4476: 4399: 4350: 4344: 4320: 4075: 3536:was such that the inhabitants of the 3502:on various atolls. The world's first 2714: 2696:within their respective territories. 2407: 6545:The Pacific Islands: An Encyclopedia 6543:Lal, Brij V.; Fortune, Kate (2000). 6271: 6114: 5428: 5402:"Late Colonization of Easter Island" 5328:Resemblance of the name to an early 5014: 4412:. Bess Press. pp. 145–47, 160. 3995: 3651:, apparently with military support. 3147:Photograph from a Japanese plane of 2780:in 1857, and with Hawaii becoming a 2597: 2496:Établissements Français de l'Océanie 2167:. Cook's arrival coincided with the 1793:Famous official portrait of Captain 1439:) and New Zealand, and to sight the 6377:. Mylescfoxdd829.net. 7 August 1942 6207: 6082: 5816:Williams, Glyn (17 February 2011). 5581:"European discovery of New Zealand" 5501:Chilean Wine Palm: Jubaea chilensis 4958: 4360:. United States Department of State 3793:from 2003 after a request for aid. 2383:British Western Pacific Territories 1177:, then sailed north and caught the 1049: 788:(2000), which shows that all three 641:. It is located near the island of 13: 6528:. University of California Press. 6272:Jose, Arthur Wilberforce (1941) . 5521:Fernandez-Armesto, Felipe (2006). 4577: 3781:Between 2001 and 2007 Australia's 3739:in the 20th century, adopting the 3177:, mainly between the belligerents 2177:of worship for the Polynesian god 1842:With the help of a Tahitian named 556:, capital of the Saudeleur Dynasty 87: 14: 6999: 6364:, 81 (December 1955), pp. 1315–31 6147: 6061: 5027:Journal of the Polynesian Society 3735:Australia and New Zealand became 3667:suspended from the Commonwealth. 3038:of World War I was a conquest of 2618:. His expedition also discovered 2566:commanded an expedition from the 2531:, who visited them together with 2498:(French Settlements in Oceania). 2474:, which formerly belonged to the 2470:In the 1880s, France claimed the 2385:(BWPT), and later as part of the 2381:from 1892 to 1916 as part of the 2128:the "Sandwich Islands" after the 1959:A statue of James Cook stands in 1823:observations of the Venus Transit 1721:. Drawing by Isaack Gilsemans in 1424:Abel Tasman's exploratory voyages 1364:European exploration of Australia 1231:in the North Pacific, as well as 921:art from Fijian towns shows that 904:non-material cultural artifacts, 6440: 6422: 6401: 6389: 6367: 6354: 6341: 6231:Stevenson, Robert Louis (1892). 6040:, Institute of Pacific Studies, 5645:"'A view of the Murderers' Bay'" 5474:Hunt, Terry; Lipo, Carl (2011). 5177:. Wondermondo. 20 November 2011. 5104:. Cambridge: Blackwell Publisher 4611:Ballinger, Bill Sanborn (1978). 3872: 3773:Republic of the Marshall Islands 2719:Germany established colonies in 1917:before returning to England via 1749: 1734: 1710: 1694: 1670: 1650: 1634: 1619: 1603: 1551: 1496:) and sailed north, but mistook 1406:Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie 1209:, and other islands of Oceania. 1069:Portugal in the Age of Discovery 740:, although they differ from the 630:, consists of a series of small 224: 6640:. University of Chicago Press. 6473: 6320: 6308: 6249: 6224: 6196:Parliament of a Thousand Tribes 6188: 6042:University of the South Pacific 6030: 6003: 5991: 5979: 5968:History of the Sandwich Islands 5955: 5943: 5856: 5844: 5832: 5794: 5768: 5747: 5719: 5691: 5651: 5637: 5611: 5599: 5573: 5547: 5492: 5394: 5367: 5355: 5322: 5306: 5291: 5278: 5233: 5221: 5209: 5190: 5151: 5142: 5107: 5094: 4984: 4909: 4848: 4810:Molecular Biology and Evolution 4743: 4470: 4231: 4182: 3859: 3850: 3705:Bougainville Revolutionary Army 3640:and Fiji was expelled from the 3590: 3311:under aerial attack during the 3128: 2246:Kalaimanokahoʻowaha or Kanaʻina 1412:(category; c. 1590s–1720s) and 1410:Golden Age of Dutch exploration 1133:(Martim A. Melo Coutinho), the 6705:Federated States of Micronesia 6611:. Princeton University Press. 6607:Obeyesekere, Gananath (1997). 6592:. Princeton University Press. 6562:Morison, Samuel Eliot (2001). 6547:. University of Hawaii Press. 6524:Kirch, Patrick Vinton (2001). 5734:National Archives of Australia 5682:He holds his own chart of the 5059:Journal of Pacific Archaeology 4833:11858/00-001M-0000-0010-0145-0 4157: 4134:11858/00-001M-0000-0013-1B84-E 4096: 4052: 4049:, 2004. Retrieved 6 June 2008. 3937: 3908: 3828:History of the Pacific Islands 3577:Sinking of the Rainbow Warrior 3313:Battle of the Eastern Solomons 3021: 2637:New Guinea from 1884 to 1919. 2316: 1990:commanded its companion ship, 1976:Society to lie further south. 1610:Waka taua (war canoes) at the 1197:expedition achieved the first 20:History of the Pacific Islands 1: 6398:. NPR: National Public Radio. 6330:(Brassey's, 2000), pp. 17ff; 5663:"Captain James Cook, 1728–79" 5608:pp. 21–22. Random House. 2008 5317:Central Queensland University 4935:10.1016/S0960-9822(00)00734-X 4358:"Background Note: Micronesia" 4208:10.1016/S0960-9822(00)00734-X 3916:"About Australia:Our Country" 3901: 3888:Imperial General Headquarters 3755:, geographically part of the 3718: 3552:, forcing the removal of the 3219:The attack was intended as a 3008:Tripartite Convention of 1899 2884:Wrecked vessels at Apia, 1889 2806:Tripartite Convention of 1899 2786:Tripartite Convention of 1899 2746:to carry out the flourishing 2211: 1744:, drawing by Isaack Gilsemans 1281:archipelagos, and sailed the 1201:of the world and reached the 1065:Spain in the Age of Discovery 825: 776:data, and archaeological data 490: 416:Solomon Islands (archipelago) 306: 6568:University of Illinois Press 5297:Sanday, Peggy Reeves (1986) 4257:10.1371/journal.pgen.0040019 3223:action in order to keep the 3173:saw major action during the 3165:and one over the Naval Yard. 3030:Location of Bita Paka, 1914. 2645:the north-eastern part, and 2206:, an unfinished painting by 1936:A Māori chief with tattoos ( 1821:on 13 April 1769, where the 1099:The Magellan–Elcano voyage. 748:(2000) outline these well: 687: 395: 342: 7: 6281:Bean, Charles Edwin Woodrow 5699:"The Sydney Morning Herald" 5116:Journal of World Prehistory 4648:The Native Polity of Ponape 4645:Riesenberg, Saul H (1968). 4379:Morgan, William N. (1988). 3796: 3757:Solomon Islands archipelago 3288:New Zealand troops land on 3091:Australian forces attacked 2955:and three German warships, 2558:after the 1770 exploration. 2492:Établissements de l'Océanie 2134:First Lord of the Admiralty 1951:Second voyage of James Cook 1254:In 1565, Spanish navigator 1241:Solomon Islands archipelago 1061:Magellan's circumnavigation 980:Early European visitors to 580:, c. 1100 to c. 1628); and 10: 7004: 6409:Sea power: a naval history 6396:The Battle for Guadalcanal 6212:. Brigham Young University 5164:. Vol. 1. Elibron Classics 4511:Morgan, William N (1988). 3823:History of Solomon Islands 3763:, tried unsuccessfully to 3741:Statute of Westminster Act 3681: 3617:Fiji has suffered several 3594: 3447:Nuclear testing in Oceania 3367:, when it was used by the 3363:"The Slot" was a name for 3322: 3200:against the United States 3132: 3082:Occupation of German Samoa 3040:German colonial possession 2919:The prime minister of the 2861: 2765: 2624:Tierra de San Buenaventura 2505: 2389:colony from 1916 to 1974. 2387:Gilbert and Ellice Islands 2081:Third voyage of James Cook 2078: 1948: 1894:, noting in his journal: " 1777:First voyage of James Cook 1774: 1645:'s first and second voyage 1345: 1329:). "The Island Continent" 1216: 1167:strait that bears his name 1058: 1007:calculations and on three 701: 691: 508: 494: 399: 346: 17: 6917: 6796: 6773: 6692: 6434:The Sydney Morning Herald 6198:, Heinemann, London, 1965 6102:. IEOM Nouvelle-Calédonie 6036:Macdonald, Barrie (2001) 5780:The Sydney Morning Herald 5704:The Sydney Morning Herald 5254:10.1017/s0003598x00097738 5202:18 September 2009 at the 4755:27 September 2013 at the 4164:Spriggs, Matthew (1997). 3838:List of Oceanian cuisines 3469:underground nuclear tests 3036:Asian and Pacific Theatre 2754:meat) trade. Marshallese 2709:League of Nations mandate 1945:Second voyage (1772–1775) 1785:Cook's map of New Zealand 1420:, except the east coast. 1414:Netherlandish cartography 1055:Early Iberian exploration 816:in Samoa. The site is at 760:and from the north-west ( 6856:Northern Mariana Islands 6509:. Hodder and Stoughton. 6411:. Naval Institute Press 6317:, pp. 101, 120, 250 5930:National Maritime Museum 5498:C. Michael Hogan (2008) 5076:Bellwood, Peter (1987). 4682:Petersen, Glenn (1990). 4443:Hanlon, David L (1988). 4047:University of Wollongong 3843: 3759:but politically part of 3597:1987 Fijian coups d'état 3455:A 21 kiloton underwater 3325:Solomon Islands campaign 3319:Solomon Islands campaign 3263:Solomon Islands campaign 2564:Felipe González de Ahedo 2163:, largest island in the 2075:Third voyage (1776–1779) 1862:an island, and thinking 1771:First voyage (1768–1771) 1679:Dutch East India Company 1471:Staten Island, Argentina 1269:Later, in the quest for 876:on the Tongan island of 682:traditional stick charts 271:includes the history of 67:This article is part of 6821:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 6630:Sahlins, Marshall David 6328:The Pearl Harbor Papers 6255:Ryden, George Herbert. 5667:Royal Museums Greenwich 5508:17 October 2012 at the 5429:Hunt, Terry L. (2006). 5128:10.1023/A:1022322303769 4884:10.1073/pnas.97.15.8225 4125:10.1126/science.1114615 3971:10.1126/science.1211177 3867:International Date Line 3813:History of Bougainville 3684:History of Bougainville 3642:Commonwealth of Nations 3605:2006 Fijian coup d'état 3601:2000 Fijian coup d'état 3496:Pacific Proving Grounds 3252:Battle of the Coral Sea 2868:Second Samoan Civil War 2858:Samoan Crisis 1887–1889 2705:Territory of New Guinea 2649:the south-eastern part. 2535:in 1788, en route from 2416:Society Island kingdoms 2130:fourth Earl of Sandwich 1866:was a peninsula of the 1558:A typical map from the 1342:Early Dutch exploration 1213:Other large expeditions 726:Maritime Southeast Asia 359:Torres Strait Islanders 6176:Discovery of Australia 5669:. Commissioned by Sir 5623:The New Zealand Herald 5415:29 August 2008 at the 5007:Quoted in Kayser, M.; 4750:The History of Mankind 4477:Cordy, Ross H (1993). 4333:Lal & Fortune 2000 4166:The Island Melanesians 3818:History of New Zealand 3787:Nauru detention centre 3728: 3690:Bougainville Civil War 3678:Bougainville Civil War 3614: 3479:), the United States ( 3464: 3379: 3315: 3296: 3198:Imperial Japanese Navy 3190:attack on Pearl Harbor 3166: 3135:Attack on Pearl Harbor 3077: 3031: 3000:Robert Louis Stevenson 2897: 2885: 2843:to administer much of 2650: 2559: 2417: 2326: 2313: 2306:, and third voyage in 2217: 2029: 1986:on this voyage, while 1968: 1941: 1884:indigenous Australians 1874:, which separates the 1870:). He also identified 1864:Stewart Island/Rakiura 1798: 1786: 1686:Map and drawings from 1338: 1251:in the South Pacific. 1110: 1092: 977: 899:or "Tongan Empire" in 888: 842:archaeological culture 704:Early history of Tonga 557: 546: 444: 383:Indigenous Australians 371:indigenous inhabitants 361:are indigenous to the 349:Aboriginal Australians 335:) to 3,000 years ago ( 301:Pacific island nations 92: 59: 51: 43: 6799:and other territories 6586:Obeyesekere, Gananath 6481:Collingridge, Vanessa 6097:"Rapport annuel 2010" 5383:Penguin Books: 2005. 4823:10.1093/molbev/msl093 3749:Pacific Islands Forum 3726: 3697:Bougainville Province 3612: 3510:", was tested at the 3454: 3389:Kokoda Track campaign 3383:Kokoda Track campaign 3377: 3303:The aircraft carrier 3302: 3287: 3256:Kokoda Track campaign 3146: 3075: 3029: 2896:wrecked at Apia, 1889 2891: 2883: 2804:Cession followed the 2766:Further information: 2636: 2553: 2516:The Spanish explorer 2415: 2379:Resident Commissioner 2324: 2293: 2200: 2023: 1958: 1935: 1792: 1784: 1512:Cape Maria van Diemen 1308: 1183:Juan Sebastián Elcano 1098: 1088: 968: 866: 720:, and ultimately, in 692:Further information: 672:. The Refaluwasch or 662:Austronesian language 552: 541: 523:The ancestors of the 495:Further information: 439: 400:Further information: 363:Torres Strait Islands 347:Further information: 91: 57: 49: 29: 6912:History by continent 6349:The Northern Mariner 5776:"Once were warriors" 5606:Diary of Abel Tasman 5148:Honolulu: The Museum 4991:Kirch, P.V. (2000). 4771:Current Anthropology 4295:(22 December 2010). 4064:21 July 2012 at the 3808:History of Australia 3803:Europeans in Oceania 3354:Guadalcanal Campaign 3329:Guadalcanal Campaign 2816:Japanese colonialism 2762:American colonialism 2616:Bahía de San Lorenzo 2576:Madre de Dios Island 2336:Mutiny on the Bounty 2165:Hawaiian Archipelago 1661:) integrated within 1360:Frederick de Houtman 1161:) expedition led by 1153:in 1526). In 1519 a 972:at Ahu Tongariki on 941:, and even Hawai'i. 802:Bismarck Archipelago 714:Polynesian languages 458:Taiwanese aborigines 427:Austronesian peoples 355:Australian continent 215:World Heritage Sites 6436:. 25 November 2006. 6375:"The Tulagi Battle" 6156:on 30 December 2007 6070:on 30 December 2007 5625:. 23 September 2010 5443:10.1511/2006.61.412 5033:(3). Archived from 4875:2000PNAS...97.8225S 4409:Micronesian Legends 4117:2005Sci...309.2072D 3963:2011Sci...334...94R 3922:on 27 February 2012 3753:Bougainville Island 3441:Battle of Buna–Gona 3267:Air raids on Darwin 3097:Battle of Bita Paka 3048:Battle of Bita Paka 2841:UN Security Council 2683:Kaiser-Wilhelmsland 2568:Viceroyalty of Peru 2508:Spanish East Indies 2502:Spanish colonialism 2472:Tuamotu Archipelago 2445:Febvrier Despointes 2426:French protectorate 2330:British colonialism 2300:, second voyage in 1520:Kaap Pieter Boreels 1516:Three Kings Islands 1477:in a double hulled 1145:in 1525), and west 1081:Spanish East Indies 1005:glottochronological 140:Arts and literature 6988:History of Oceania 6686:History of Oceania 6636:Islands of history 6507:Captain James Cook 6332:Google Books entry 6296:on 3 February 2014 6208:McBride, Spencer. 6148:Ganse, Alexander. 6062:Ganse, Alexander. 5782:. 11 November 2002 5449:on 6 October 2014. 5435:American Scientist 5160:. 2005 (reprint). 5102:The Lapita Peoples 3865:At this time, the 3765:become independent 3729: 3709:state of emergency 3631:Lieutenant Colonel 3623:indigenous Fijians 3615: 3525:from the American 3465: 3409:Owen Stanley Range 3380: 3316: 3297: 3225:U.S. Pacific Fleet 3167: 3078: 3067:East Asia Squadron 3032: 2898: 2886: 2822:South Seas Mandate 2715:German colonialism 2701:Territory of Papua 2690:British New Guinea 2651: 2604:Luís Vaz de Torres 2580:Isla de San Carlos 2570:that searched for 2562:In November 1770, 2560: 2556:Isla de San Carlos 2543:(two ships of the 2461:Henri de Rochefort 2418: 2408:French colonialism 2327: 2314: 2285:Captain James King 2218: 2110:North-West Passage 2030: 1969: 1942: 1911:Great Barrier Reef 1799: 1787: 1580:mainland Australia 1452:Antonio van Diemen 1339: 1291:Luís Vaz de Torres 1256:Andrés de Urdaneta 1163:Ferdinand Magellan 1111: 1107:Ferdinand Magellan 1093: 1090:Ferdinand Magellan 978: 906:empirical evidence 889: 828:1000 BCE based on 632:artificial islands 618:complex made from 558: 547: 445: 375:mainland Australia 297:Western New Guinea 269:history of Oceania 93: 60: 52: 44: 6975: 6974: 6879: 6878: 6871:Wallis and Futuna 6816:Clipperton Island 6774:Associated states 6647:978-0-226-73358-6 6618:978-0-691-05752-1 6554:978-0-8248-2265-1 6535:978-0-520-92896-1 6462:978-1-921666-68-1 6134:978-0-521-03036-6 6024:Tuvalu: A History 6010:Collingridge 2003 5998:Collingridge 2003 5986:Collingridge 2003 5950:Collingridge 2003 5878:Collingridge 2003 5863:Collingridge 2003 5851:Collingridge 2003 5485:978-1-4391-5031-3 5248:(318): 994–1004. 4970:Anthrocivitas.net 4691:Occasional Papers 4392:978-0-292-78621-9 4111:(5743): 2072–75. 3664:Fijian parliament 3656:Frank Bainimarama 3473:Operation Grapple 3365:New Georgia Sound 3345:and Red Beach on 3335:Japanese Imperial 3247:, and Hong Kong. 3196:conducted by the 3111:German Micronesia 3093:German New Guinea 3056:German New Guinea 3044:Siege of Tsingtao 2921:Kingdom of Hawaii 2768:Guano Islands Act 2679:German New Guinea 2598:Dutch colonialism 2518:Alonso de Salazar 2480:Marquesas Islands 2396:(1900). In 1887, 2124:, Cook named the 1923:Cape of Good Hope 1900:Kurnell Peninsula 1584:Van Diemen's Land 1433:Van Diemen's Land 1372:Dutch East Indies 1264:West Indies Fleet 1249:Admiralty Islands 1143:Gomes de Sequeira 1073:Portuguese Empire 1032:Chilean wine palm 1009:radiocarbon dates 895:Tuʻi Tonga Empire 869:Haʻamonga ʻa Maui 718:Malay Archipelago 674:Carolinian people 647:Saudeleur dynasty 574:Mwehin Sau Deleur 505:Saudeleur dynasty 453:Temple University 431:Polynesian people 265: 264: 6995: 6906: 6899: 6892: 6883: 6882: 6861:Pitcairn Islands 6831:French Polynesia 6811:Christmas Island 6740:Papua New Guinea 6720:Marshall Islands 6693:Sovereign states 6679: 6672: 6665: 6656: 6655: 6651: 6639: 6625: 6603: 6581: 6558: 6539: 6520: 6498: 6467: 6466: 6444: 6438: 6437: 6426: 6420: 6405: 6399: 6393: 6387: 6386: 6384: 6382: 6371: 6365: 6358: 6352: 6345: 6339: 6324: 6318: 6312: 6306: 6305: 6303: 6301: 6295: 6278: 6269: 6260: 6253: 6247: 6246: 6235:. BiblioBazaar. 6228: 6222: 6221: 6219: 6217: 6205: 6199: 6192: 6186: 6172: 6166: 6165: 6163: 6161: 6152:. Archived from 6145: 6139: 6138: 6118: 6112: 6111: 6109: 6107: 6101: 6093: 6080: 6079: 6077: 6075: 6066:. Archived from 6059: 6053: 6034: 6028: 6027: 6019: 6013: 6007: 6001: 5995: 5989: 5983: 5977: 5976: 5959: 5953: 5947: 5941: 5940: 5938: 5936: 5922: 5916: 5914:Obeyesekere 1997 5911: 5905: 5900: 5894: 5892:Obeyesekere 1992 5889: 5880: 5875: 5866: 5860: 5854: 5848: 5842: 5836: 5830: 5829: 5827: 5825: 5813: 5804: 5798: 5792: 5791: 5789: 5787: 5772: 5766: 5765: 5763: 5761: 5751: 5745: 5744: 5742: 5740: 5731: 5723: 5717: 5716: 5714: 5712: 5695: 5689: 5688: 5679: 5677: 5659:Dance, Nathaniel 5655: 5649: 5648: 5641: 5635: 5634: 5632: 5630: 5615: 5609: 5603: 5597: 5596: 5594: 5592: 5577: 5571: 5570: 5568: 5566: 5557:. Archived from 5551: 5545: 5544: 5528: 5518: 5512: 5496: 5490: 5489: 5471: 5465: 5464: 5458: 5450: 5426: 5420: 5406:Science Magazine 5398: 5392: 5371: 5365: 5359: 5353: 5326: 5320: 5310: 5304: 5295: 5289: 5282: 5276: 5275: 5265: 5237: 5231: 5225: 5219: 5213: 5207: 5194: 5188: 5185: 5179: 5178: 5171: 5165: 5155: 5149: 5146: 5140: 5139: 5111: 5105: 5100:PV Kirch. 1997. 5098: 5092: 5091: 5073: 5067: 5066: 5053: 5047: 5046: 5044: 5042: 5018: 5012: 5006: 4988: 4982: 4981: 4979: 4977: 4962: 4956: 4955: 4937: 4913: 4907: 4906: 4896: 4886: 4852: 4846: 4845: 4835: 4825: 4801: 4795: 4794: 4766: 4760: 4747: 4741: 4740: 4738: 4736: 4713: 4707: 4706: 4704: 4702: 4688: 4679: 4670: 4669: 4667: 4665: 4642: 4636: 4635: 4633: 4631: 4608: 4599: 4598: 4596: 4594: 4581: 4575: 4574: 4572: 4570: 4547: 4536: 4535: 4533: 4531: 4508: 4502: 4501: 4499: 4497: 4474: 4468: 4467: 4465: 4463: 4440: 4431: 4430: 4428: 4426: 4403: 4397: 4396: 4376: 4370: 4369: 4367: 4365: 4354: 4348: 4342: 4336: 4330: 4324: 4318: 4312: 4311: 4309: 4307: 4289: 4280: 4279: 4269: 4259: 4235: 4229: 4228: 4210: 4186: 4180: 4179: 4161: 4155: 4154: 4136: 4100: 4094: 4088: 4073: 4056: 4050: 4040: 4034: 4033: 4031: 4029: 4024:. Illumina. 2012 4023: 4015: 4009: 3999: 3993: 3992: 3982: 3941: 3935: 3934: 3929: 3927: 3912: 3895: 3894:during planning. 3886:by the Japanese 3880:Hawaii Operation 3876: 3870: 3863: 3857: 3854: 3783:Pacific Solution 3761:Papua New Guinea 3701:Papua New Guinea 3534:Marshall Islands 3516:Marshall Islands 3485:Marshall Islands 3477:Operation Antler 3417:South Seas Force 3175:Second World War 3123:Marshall Islands 2925:Walter M. Gibson 2914:Samoan Civil War 2906:Imperial Germany 2864:Samoan Civil War 2655:Dutch New Guinea 2524:, after English 2424:were declared a 2348:Pitcairn Islands 2346:and settling on 2310: 2304: 2298: 2226: 2216: 2213: 2187:Marshall Sahlins 2175:harvest festival 2114:Hawaiian Islands 2102:Pacific Islander 2089:, while Captain 2046:Friendly Islands 2003:Antarctic Circle 1854:to do so (after 1811:transit of Venus 1753: 1738: 1714: 1698: 1674: 1654: 1638: 1623: 1607: 1555: 1445:Isaack Gilsemans 1225:Marshall Islands 1199:circumnavigation 1151:Jorge de Menezes 1147:Papua New Guinea 1139:Caroline Islands 1135:Tanimbar Islands 1123:Francisco Serrão 1119:António de Abreu 1050:Iberian pioneers 1030:(related to the 827: 798:"Lapita peoples" 770:Island Melanesia 678:Caroline Islands 620:basalt lava logs 610:Construction of 469:Denisova hominin 367:Papua New Guinea 293:Papua New Guinea 257: 250: 243: 228: 106:Shared Histories 81: 80:Oceanian Culture 72: 62: 61: 7003: 7002: 6998: 6997: 6996: 6994: 6993: 6992: 6978: 6977: 6976: 6971: 6913: 6910: 6880: 6875: 6798: 6792: 6775: 6769: 6750:Solomon Islands 6688: 6683: 6648: 6619: 6600: 6578: 6555: 6536: 6517: 6495: 6487:. Ebury Press. 6476: 6471: 6470: 6463: 6455:. ANU E Press. 6445: 6441: 6428: 6427: 6423: 6406: 6402: 6394: 6390: 6380: 6378: 6373: 6372: 6368: 6359: 6355: 6346: 6342: 6325: 6321: 6313: 6309: 6299: 6297: 6293: 6276: 6270: 6263: 6254: 6250: 6243: 6229: 6225: 6215: 6213: 6206: 6202: 6193: 6189: 6173: 6169: 6159: 6157: 6146: 6142: 6135: 6119: 6115: 6105: 6103: 6099: 6095: 6094: 6083: 6073: 6071: 6060: 6056: 6035: 6031: 6020: 6016: 6008: 6004: 5996: 5992: 5984: 5980: 5963:Dibble, Sheldon 5960: 5956: 5948: 5944: 5934: 5932: 5924: 5923: 5919: 5912: 5908: 5901: 5897: 5890: 5883: 5876: 5869: 5861: 5857: 5849: 5845: 5837: 5833: 5823: 5821: 5814: 5807: 5799: 5795: 5785: 5783: 5774: 5773: 5769: 5759: 5757: 5753: 5752: 5748: 5738: 5736: 5729: 5725: 5724: 5720: 5710: 5708: 5697: 5696: 5692: 5675: 5673: 5656: 5652: 5643: 5642: 5638: 5628: 5626: 5617: 5616: 5612: 5604: 5600: 5590: 5588: 5579: 5578: 5574: 5564: 5562: 5561:on 29 June 2011 5553: 5552: 5548: 5541: 5519: 5515: 5510:Wayback Machine 5497: 5493: 5486: 5472: 5468: 5452: 5451: 5427: 5423: 5417:Wayback Machine 5399: 5395: 5372: 5368: 5360: 5356: 5327: 5323: 5311: 5307: 5296: 5292: 5283: 5279: 5238: 5234: 5226: 5222: 5214: 5210: 5204:Wayback Machine 5195: 5191: 5186: 5182: 5173: 5172: 5168: 5156: 5152: 5147: 5143: 5112: 5108: 5099: 5095: 5088: 5074: 5070: 5054: 5050: 5040: 5038: 5019: 5015: 5003: 4989: 4985: 4975: 4973: 4964: 4963: 4959: 4928:(20): 1237–46. 4922:Current Biology 4914: 4910: 4869:(15): 8225–28. 4853: 4849: 4816:(11): 2234–44. 4802: 4798: 4767: 4763: 4757:Wayback Machine 4748: 4744: 4734: 4732: 4730: 4714: 4710: 4700: 4698: 4686: 4680: 4673: 4663: 4661: 4659: 4643: 4639: 4629: 4627: 4625: 4609: 4602: 4592: 4590: 4583: 4582: 4578: 4568: 4566: 4564: 4548: 4539: 4529: 4527: 4525: 4509: 4505: 4495: 4493: 4491: 4475: 4471: 4461: 4459: 4457: 4441: 4434: 4424: 4422: 4420: 4404: 4400: 4393: 4377: 4373: 4363: 4361: 4356: 4355: 4351: 4343: 4339: 4331: 4327: 4319: 4315: 4305: 4303: 4290: 4283: 4236: 4232: 4201:(20): 1237–46. 4195:Current Biology 4187: 4183: 4176: 4162: 4158: 4101: 4097: 4089: 4076: 4066:Wayback Machine 4057: 4053: 4041: 4037: 4027: 4025: 4021: 4017: 4016: 4012: 4000: 3996: 3957:(6052): 94–98. 3942: 3938: 3925: 3923: 3914: 3913: 3909: 3904: 3899: 3898: 3877: 3873: 3864: 3860: 3855: 3851: 3846: 3799: 3721: 3699:to secede from 3686: 3680: 3634:Sitiveni Rabuka 3607: 3595:Main articles: 3593: 3573:nuclear testing 3558:Yankunytjatjara 3550:South Australia 3457:nuclear weapons 3449: 3385: 3339:Florida Islands 3331: 3323:Main articles: 3321: 3294:Solomon Islands 3275:Borneo campaign 3229:Empire of Japan 3194:military strike 3192:was a surprise 3141: 3133:Main articles: 3131: 3024: 2878: 2860: 2818: 2770: 2764: 2717: 2639:The Netherlands 2620:Basilaki Island 2600: 2514: 2504: 2410: 2398:King Fata-a-iki 2363:Gilbert Islands 2332: 2319: 2308: 2302: 2296: 2258:religious icons 2238:King of Hawaiʻi 2224: 2214: 2161:'Hawaii Island' 2141:Alta California 2083: 2077: 1988:Tobias Furneaux 1979:Cook commanded 1973:Terra Australis 1953: 1947: 1860:Banks Peninsula 1836:Terra Australis 1779: 1773: 1768: 1761: 1754: 1745: 1739: 1730: 1715: 1706: 1703:Abel Tasman map 1699: 1681: 1675: 1666: 1655: 1646: 1639: 1630: 1624: 1615: 1608: 1599: 1556: 1507:Zeehaen's Bight 1426: 1374: 1352:Willem Schouten 1344: 1303: 1271:Terra Australis 1260:Manila galleons 1221: 1215: 1207:Mariana Islands 1195:Magellan-Elcano 1083: 1057: 1052: 1047: 976:(Easter Island) 706: 700: 690: 660:, and spoke an 576:(Period of the 513: 507: 493: 404: 398: 351: 345: 309: 261: 229: 219: 118: 79: 66: 22: 12: 11: 5: 7001: 6991: 6990: 6973: 6972: 6970: 6969: 6959: 6953: 6944: 6939: 6933: 6924: 6918: 6915: 6914: 6909: 6908: 6901: 6894: 6886: 6877: 6876: 6874: 6873: 6868: 6863: 6858: 6853: 6851:Norfolk Island 6848: 6843: 6838: 6833: 6828: 6823: 6818: 6813: 6808: 6806:American Samoa 6802: 6800: 6794: 6793: 6791: 6790: 6785: 6779: 6777: 6776:of New Zealand 6771: 6770: 6768: 6767: 6762: 6757: 6752: 6747: 6742: 6737: 6732: 6727: 6722: 6717: 6712: 6707: 6702: 6696: 6694: 6690: 6689: 6682: 6681: 6674: 6667: 6659: 6653: 6652: 6646: 6626: 6617: 6604: 6598: 6582: 6576: 6559: 6553: 6540: 6534: 6521: 6515: 6503:Hough, Richard 6499: 6493: 6475: 6472: 6469: 6468: 6461: 6439: 6421: 6400: 6388: 6366: 6353: 6340: 6319: 6307: 6261: 6248: 6241: 6223: 6200: 6194:White, Osmar. 6187: 6167: 6140: 6133: 6113: 6081: 6054: 6044:, Suva, Fiji, 6029: 6014: 6002: 5990: 5978: 5954: 5942: 5917: 5906: 5895: 5881: 5867: 5855: 5843: 5831: 5805: 5793: 5767: 5746: 5718: 5690: 5684:Southern Ocean 5650: 5636: 5610: 5598: 5572: 5546: 5539: 5513: 5491: 5484: 5478:. Free Press. 5466: 5421: 5410:Entire article 5393: 5374:Diamond, Jared 5366: 5354: 5350:Online version 5321: 5305: 5290: 5277: 5232: 5220: 5208: 5189: 5180: 5166: 5150: 5141: 5106: 5093: 5086: 5068: 5048: 5037:on 10 May 2011 5013: 5001: 4983: 4972:. October 2009 4957: 4908: 4847: 4796: 4783:10.1086/379272 4761: 4742: 4728: 4708: 4671: 4657: 4637: 4623: 4600: 4576: 4562: 4537: 4523: 4503: 4489: 4469: 4455: 4432: 4418: 4398: 4391: 4371: 4349: 4347:, p. 170. 4337: 4325: 4323:, p. 167. 4313: 4281: 4230: 4181: 4174: 4156: 4095: 4074: 4051: 4035: 4010: 3994: 3936: 3906: 3905: 3903: 3900: 3897: 3896: 3871: 3858: 3848: 3847: 3845: 3842: 3841: 3840: 3835: 3830: 3825: 3820: 3815: 3810: 3805: 3798: 3795: 3720: 3717: 3682:Main article: 3679: 3676: 3672:Brendan Nelson 3649:George Speight 3638:United Nations 3592: 3589: 3554:Pitjantjatjara 3487:) and France ( 3448: 3445: 3384: 3381: 3320: 3317: 3237:British Empire 3149:Battleship Row 3130: 3127: 3023: 3020: 3012:American Samoa 2910:Samoan Islands 2859: 2856: 2817: 2814: 2782:U.S. territory 2778:Howland Island 2763: 2760: 2716: 2713: 2671:United Kingdom 2663:British colony 2599: 2596: 2533:Thomas Gilbert 2503: 2500: 2476:Pōmare Dynasty 2449:Port-de-France 2409: 2406: 2365:(now known as 2356:British Empire 2331: 2328: 2318: 2315: 2229:Kealakekua Bay 2208:Johann Zoffany 2157:Kealakekua Bay 2091:Charles Clerke 2079:Main article: 2076: 2073: 2054:Norfolk Island 1949:Main article: 1946: 1943: 1775:Main article: 1772: 1769: 1767: 1764: 1763: 1762: 1755: 1748: 1746: 1740: 1733: 1731: 1727:travel journal 1719:Murderers' Bay 1716: 1709: 1707: 1700: 1693: 1691: 1683: 1682: 1676: 1669: 1667: 1665:in a 1796 map. 1656: 1649: 1647: 1640: 1633: 1631: 1625: 1618: 1616: 1612:Bay of Islands 1609: 1602: 1600: 1592:Nova Zeelandia 1576:Nova Hollandia 1557: 1550: 1492:(now known as 1490:Murderers' Bay 1425: 1422: 1356:Jacob Le Maire 1343: 1340: 1302: 1299: 1219:Manila galleon 1214: 1211: 1171:Duarte Barbosa 1137:, some of the 1077:Spanish Empire 1056: 1053: 1051: 1048: 1046: 1043: 960:Cannibal Isles 794: 793: 781: 777: 689: 686: 639:of the Pacific 578:Lord of Deleur 492: 489: 397: 394: 344: 341: 337:Remote Oceania 308: 305: 263: 262: 260: 259: 252: 245: 237: 234: 233: 231:Oceania Portal 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6620: 6614: 6610: 6605: 6601: 6599:0-691-05752-4 6595: 6591: 6587: 6583: 6579: 6577:0-252-06973-0 6573: 6569: 6565: 6560: 6556: 6550: 6546: 6541: 6537: 6531: 6527: 6522: 6518: 6516:0-340-82556-1 6512: 6508: 6504: 6500: 6496: 6494:0-09-188898-0 6490: 6486: 6482: 6478: 6477: 6464: 6458: 6454: 6450: 6443: 6435: 6431: 6425: 6418: 6417:0-87021-607-4 6414: 6410: 6404: 6397: 6392: 6376: 6370: 6363: 6357: 6350: 6344: 6337: 6333: 6329: 6323: 6316: 6311: 6292: 6288: 6287: 6282: 6275: 6268: 6266: 6258: 6252: 6244: 6242:1-4264-0754-8 6238: 6234: 6227: 6211: 6204: 6197: 6191: 6185: 6184:0-85558-956-6 6181: 6177: 6171: 6155: 6151: 6144: 6136: 6130: 6126: 6125: 6117: 6098: 6092: 6090: 6088: 6086: 6069: 6065: 6058: 6051: 6050:982-02-0335-X 6047: 6043: 6039: 6033: 6025: 6018: 6012:, p. 423 6011: 6006: 6000:, p. 412 5999: 5994: 5988:, p. 413 5987: 5982: 5974: 5970: 5969: 5964: 5958: 5952:, p. 410 5951: 5946: 5931: 5927: 5921: 5915: 5910: 5904: 5899: 5893: 5888: 5886: 5879: 5874: 5872: 5865:, p. 380 5864: 5859: 5853:, p. 327 5852: 5847: 5841:, p. 263 5840: 5835: 5819: 5812: 5810: 5803:, p. 182 5802: 5797: 5781: 5777: 5771: 5756: 5750: 5735: 5728: 5722: 5706: 5705: 5700: 5694: 5687: 5685: 5672: 5668: 5664: 5660: 5654: 5646: 5640: 5624: 5620: 5614: 5607: 5602: 5586: 5582: 5576: 5560: 5556: 5550: 5542: 5540:0-393-06259-7 5536: 5532: 5527: 5526: 5517: 5511: 5507: 5504: 5502: 5495: 5487: 5481: 5477: 5470: 5462: 5456: 5455:cite magazine 5448: 5444: 5440: 5436: 5432: 5425: 5418: 5414: 5411: 5407: 5403: 5397: 5390: 5389:0-14-303655-6 5386: 5382: 5380: 5375: 5370: 5363: 5358: 5351: 5347: 5343: 5339: 5335: 5331: 5325: 5318: 5314: 5309: 5302: 5301: 5294: 5287: 5281: 5273: 5269: 5264: 5259: 5255: 5251: 5247: 5243: 5236: 5229: 5224: 5217: 5212: 5205: 5201: 5198: 5193: 5184: 5176: 5170: 5163: 5159: 5154: 5145: 5137: 5133: 5129: 5125: 5122:(3): 337–92. 5121: 5117: 5110: 5103: 5097: 5089: 5087:0-500-27450-9 5083: 5079: 5072: 5064: 5060: 5052: 5036: 5032: 5028: 5024: 5017: 5010: 5004: 5002:0-520-23461-8 4998: 4994: 4987: 4971: 4967: 4961: 4953: 4949: 4945: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4927: 4923: 4919: 4912: 4904: 4900: 4895: 4890: 4885: 4880: 4876: 4872: 4868: 4864: 4863: 4858: 4851: 4843: 4839: 4834: 4829: 4824: 4819: 4815: 4811: 4807: 4800: 4792: 4788: 4784: 4780: 4776: 4772: 4765: 4758: 4754: 4751: 4746: 4731: 4729:0-313-29103-9 4725: 4721: 4720: 4712: 4696: 4692: 4685: 4678: 4676: 4660: 4658:9780598442437 4654: 4650: 4649: 4641: 4626: 4624:0-671-24030-7 4620: 4616: 4615: 4607: 4605: 4588: 4587: 4580: 4565: 4563:1-57306-166-2 4559: 4555: 4554: 4546: 4544: 4542: 4526: 4524:0-292-76506-1 4520: 4516: 4515: 4507: 4492: 4490:0-8248-1134-8 4486: 4482: 4481: 4473: 4458: 4456:0-8248-1124-0 4452: 4448: 4447: 4439: 4437: 4421: 4419:1-57306-129-8 4415: 4411: 4410: 4402: 4394: 4388: 4384: 4383: 4375: 4359: 4353: 4346: 4341: 4335:, p. 62. 4334: 4329: 4322: 4317: 4302: 4298: 4294: 4288: 4286: 4277: 4273: 4268: 4263: 4258: 4253: 4249: 4245: 4241: 4234: 4226: 4222: 4218: 4214: 4209: 4204: 4200: 4196: 4192: 4185: 4177: 4175:0-631-16727-7 4171: 4168:. Blackwell. 4167: 4160: 4152: 4148: 4144: 4140: 4135: 4130: 4126: 4122: 4118: 4114: 4110: 4106: 4099: 4092: 4087: 4085: 4083: 4081: 4079: 4071: 4067: 4063: 4060: 4055: 4048: 4044: 4039: 4020: 4014: 4007: 4003: 3998: 3990: 3986: 3981: 3976: 3972: 3968: 3964: 3960: 3956: 3952: 3948: 3940: 3933: 3921: 3917: 3911: 3907: 3893: 3889: 3885: 3881: 3875: 3868: 3862: 3853: 3849: 3839: 3836: 3834: 3831: 3829: 3826: 3824: 3821: 3819: 3816: 3814: 3811: 3809: 3806: 3804: 3801: 3800: 3794: 3792: 3788: 3784: 3779: 3776: 3774: 3768: 3766: 3762: 3758: 3754: 3750: 3744: 3742: 3738: 3733: 3725: 3716: 3714: 3710: 3706: 3702: 3698: 3693: 3691: 3685: 3675: 3673: 3668: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3654: 3650: 3645: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3632: 3628: 3624: 3620: 3611: 3606: 3602: 3598: 3588: 3586: 3582: 3578: 3574: 3569: 3566: 3561: 3559: 3555: 3551: 3547: 3542: 3539: 3535: 3531: 3530:hydrogen bomb 3528: 3524: 3519: 3517: 3514:atoll in the 3513: 3509: 3506:, codenamed " 3505: 3504:hydrogen bomb 3501: 3500:nuclear tests 3497: 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2903: 2902:Samoan Crisis 2895: 2890: 2882: 2877: 2873: 2872:Siege of Apia 2869: 2865: 2855: 2852: 2850: 2846: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2831: 2827: 2823: 2813: 2811: 2807: 2802: 2800: 2796: 2795: 2789: 2787: 2783: 2779: 2775: 2769: 2759: 2757: 2753: 2749: 2745: 2741: 2737: 2733: 2728: 2726: 2722: 2712: 2710: 2706: 2702: 2697: 2695: 2691: 2686: 2684: 2681:(also called 2680: 2676: 2672: 2668: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2648: 2644: 2640: 2635: 2631: 2629: 2625: 2621: 2617: 2613: 2612:Gulf of Papua 2609: 2605: 2595: 2593: 2589: 2585: 2584:Easter Island 2581: 2577: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2557: 2552: 2548: 2546: 2542: 2538: 2534: 2530: 2529:John Marshall 2527: 2523: 2519: 2513: 2509: 2499: 2497: 2493: 2489: 2485: 2481: 2477: 2473: 2468: 2466: 2465:Louise Michel 2462: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2442: 2437: 2435: 2431: 2427: 2423: 2414: 2405: 2403: 2399: 2395: 2390: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2359: 2357: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2340:William Bligh 2337: 2323: 2311: 2305: 2299: 2292: 2288: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2274: 2269: 2267: 2266:burial at sea 2263: 2259: 2255: 2254:disembowelled 2249: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2235: 2230: 2223: 2209: 2205: 2204: 2199: 2195: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2173:, a Hawaiian 2172: 2171: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2153: 2150: 2146: 2145:Bering Strait 2142: 2137: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2111: 2107: 2103: 2099: 2098: 2092: 2088: 2082: 2072: 2070: 2065: 2063: 2059: 2058:New Caledonia 2055: 2051: 2050:Easter Island 2047: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2027: 2022: 2018: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1995: 1989: 1985: 1984: 1977: 1974: 1966: 1962: 1957: 1952: 1939: 1934: 1930: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1916: 1915:Torres Strait 1912: 1907: 1905: 1901: 1897: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1879: 1877: 1873: 1869: 1865: 1861: 1857: 1853: 1849: 1845: 1840: 1838: 1837: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1803:Royal Society 1796: 1791: 1783: 1778: 1759: 1752: 1747: 1743: 1737: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1720: 1713: 1708: 1704: 1697: 1692: 1689: 1685: 1684: 1680: 1673: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1653: 1648: 1644: 1641:The route of 1637: 1632: 1628: 1622: 1617: 1613: 1606: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1561: 1554: 1549: 1548: 1547: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1533: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1508: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1486: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1459: 1457: 1453: 1448: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1421: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1402:Easter Island 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1307: 1298: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1283:Torres Strait 1280: 1276: 1272: 1267: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1252: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1220: 1210: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1108: 1104: 1103: 1097: 1091: 1087: 1082: 1078: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1042: 1040: 1038: 1033: 1029: 1027: 1026:Paschalococos 1022: 1018: 1012: 1010: 1006: 1001: 999: 995: 991: 987: 983: 982:Easter Island 975: 971: 967: 963: 961: 956: 951: 948: 942: 940: 936: 932: 928: 924: 920: 916: 915: 909: 907: 902: 898: 896: 886: 883: 879: 875: 871: 870: 865: 861: 859: 855: 851: 847: 843: 838: 835: 831: 823: 819: 815: 811: 807: 804:of northwest 803: 799: 791: 787: 782: 778: 775: 771: 767: 763: 762:"Bird's Head" 759: 755: 751: 750: 749: 747: 743: 739: 735: 731: 727: 723: 719: 715: 711: 705: 699: 695: 685: 683: 679: 675: 671: 667: 663: 659: 654: 652: 648: 644: 640: 638: 633: 629: 625: 624:Temwen Island 621: 617: 613: 608: 606: 605: 600: 599: 594: 590: 586: 585: 579: 575: 571: 570:Mwehin Aramas 567: 563: 555: 551: 545: 540: 536: 534: 530: 526: 521: 519: 512: 506: 502: 498: 488: 485: 483: 478: 474: 470: 465: 461: 459: 454: 451:published by 450: 449:genetic study 443: 438: 434: 432: 428: 423: 421: 417: 413: 409: 403: 393: 391: 386: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 364: 360: 356: 350: 340: 338: 334: 330: 326: 322: 318: 314: 304: 302: 298: 294: 290: 286: 282: 278: 277:Easter Island 274: 270: 258: 253: 251: 246: 244: 239: 238: 236: 235: 232: 227: 223: 222: 216: 213: 211: 208: 206: 203: 202: 201: 200: 196: 195: 190: 187: 185: 182: 180: 177: 175: 172: 171: 170: 169: 165: 164: 159: 156: 154: 151: 149: 146: 145: 144: 143: 139: 138: 131: 128: 126: 123: 122: 120: 117: 114: 112: 109: 107: 104: 103: 102: 101: 97: 96: 90: 86: 85: 82: 77: 76: 73: 70: 64: 63: 56: 48: 41: 37: 33: 28: 24: 21: 16: 6961: 6797:Dependencies 6783:Cook Islands 6685: 6635: 6622: 6608: 6589: 6563: 6544: 6525: 6506: 6484: 6474:Bibliography 6452: 6442: 6433: 6424: 6403: 6391: 6379:. Retrieved 6369: 6361: 6356: 6348: 6343: 6335: 6327: 6322: 6315:Morison 2001 6310: 6298:. Retrieved 6291:the original 6285: 6256: 6251: 6232: 6226: 6214:. Retrieved 6203: 6195: 6190: 6175: 6170: 6158:. Retrieved 6154:the original 6143: 6123: 6116: 6104:. Retrieved 6072:. Retrieved 6068:the original 6057: 6037: 6032: 6023: 6017: 6005: 5993: 5981: 5967: 5957: 5945: 5933:. Retrieved 5920: 5909: 5903:Sahlins 1985 5898: 5858: 5846: 5834: 5822:. Retrieved 5796: 5786:21 September 5784:. Retrieved 5779: 5770: 5760:21 September 5758:. Retrieved 5749: 5737:. Retrieved 5721: 5709:. Retrieved 5702: 5693: 5683: 5681: 5674:. Retrieved 5671:Joseph Banks 5666: 5653: 5639: 5629:23 September 5627:. Retrieved 5622: 5613: 5605: 5601: 5589:. Retrieved 5575: 5563:. Retrieved 5559:the original 5549: 5524: 5516: 5500: 5494: 5475: 5469: 5447:the original 5434: 5424: 5405: 5396: 5377: 5369: 5357: 5345: 5341: 5337: 5333: 5332:founder god 5324: 5308: 5298: 5293: 5285: 5280: 5245: 5241: 5235: 5223: 5211: 5192: 5183: 5169: 5161: 5153: 5144: 5119: 5115: 5109: 5101: 5096: 5077: 5071: 5065:(2): 128–44. 5062: 5058: 5051: 5039:. Retrieved 5035:the original 5030: 5026: 5016: 5008: 4992: 4986: 4974:. Retrieved 4969: 4960: 4925: 4921: 4911: 4866: 4860: 4850: 4813: 4809: 4799: 4777:(S5): S121. 4774: 4770: 4764: 4745: 4733:. Retrieved 4718: 4711: 4699:. Retrieved 4694: 4690: 4662:. Retrieved 4647: 4640: 4628:. Retrieved 4613: 4591:. Retrieved 4585: 4579: 4567:. Retrieved 4552: 4528:. Retrieved 4513: 4506: 4494:. Retrieved 4479: 4472: 4460:. Retrieved 4445: 4423:. Retrieved 4408: 4401: 4381: 4374: 4362:. Retrieved 4352: 4340: 4328: 4316: 4304:. Retrieved 4300: 4247: 4243: 4233: 4198: 4194: 4184: 4165: 4159: 4108: 4104: 4098: 4069: 4054: 4046: 4038: 4026:. Retrieved 4013: 4005: 3997: 3954: 3950: 3939: 3931: 3924:. Retrieved 3920:the original 3910: 3891: 3884:Operation AI 3883: 3879: 3874: 3861: 3852: 3780: 3777: 3769: 3745: 3734: 3730: 3694: 3687: 3669: 3646: 3627:Indo-Fijians 3619:coups d'état 3616: 3591:Fijian coups 3570: 3562: 3543: 3532:test in the 3527:Castle Bravo 3520: 3493: 3481:Bikini atoll 3466: 3461:Bikini Atoll 3429: 3425:Kokoda Track 3413:Port Moresby 3388: 3386: 3362: 3351: 3332: 3309: (CV-6) 3306: 3279: 3271:Kokada Track 3260: 3249: 3218: 3206:Pearl Harbor 3189: 3187: 3168: 3161: 3154: 3129:World War II 3109: 3105: 3090: 3079: 3060: 3035: 3033: 3016:German Samoa 2995: 2989: 2983: 2972: 2965: 2958: 2951: 2944: 2937: 2933: 2918: 2901: 2899: 2893: 2876:German Samoa 2853: 2819: 2803: 2798: 2792: 2790: 2774:Baker Island 2771: 2736:protectorate 2729: 2723:in 1884 and 2718: 2698: 2687: 2652: 2623: 2615: 2601: 2592:Atamu Tekena 2579: 2561: 2555: 2515: 2495: 2491: 2469: 2459:, including 2453:penal colony 2441:Napoleon III 2438: 2419: 2391: 2375:protectorate 2360: 2334:In 1789 the 2333: 2307: 2301: 2295: 2276: 2272: 2270: 2250: 2242:Kalaniʻōpuʻu 2221: 2219: 2201: 2182: 2168: 2154: 2138: 2132:—the acting 2096: 2086: 2084: 2066: 2031: 2010: 2006: 1993: 1982: 1978: 1970: 1927:Saint Helena 1908: 1895: 1892:Bawley Point 1888:Brush Island 1880: 1876:North Island 1868:South Island 1841: 1834: 1801:In 1766 the 1800: 1614:, 1827–1828. 1519: 1505: 1489: 1487: 1467:Staten Landt 1466: 1463:South Island 1460: 1449: 1427: 1375: 1368:Dutch Empire 1268: 1253: 1245:Cook Islands 1222: 1112: 1100: 1034: 1024: 1013: 1002: 981: 979: 959: 952: 943: 922: 917: 913: 910: 892: 890: 867: 839: 795: 785: 780:Polynesians. 756:and eastern 745: 736:and on into 707: 655: 635: 609: 602: 596: 581: 573: 569: 565: 559: 525:Micronesians 522: 514: 497:Micronesians 486: 473:Svante Pääbo 466: 462: 446: 424: 418:, including 408:Neanderthals 405: 387: 382: 352: 333:Near Oceania 310: 268: 266: 148:Architecture 105: 65: 23: 15: 6730:New Zealand 6362:Proceedings 5824:5 September 5739:3 September 5711:4 September 5661:(c. 1776). 5338:Tu'u ko Iho 5158:John Martin 4735:31 December 4701:31 December 4630:31 December 4593:31 December 4586:Micronesica 4569:31 December 4530:31 December 4496:31 December 4306:22 December 4301:NYTimes.com 4293:Carl Zimmer 3892:Operation Z 3713:Francis Ona 3433:Guadalcanal 3347:Guadalcanal 3235:and on the 3233:Philippines 3139:Pacific War 3022:World War I 2912:during the 2694:headhunting 2659:New Ireland 2545:First Fleet 2522:Krusenstern 2317:Colonialism 2262:Middle Ages 2215: 1795 2191:deification 2126:archipelago 1872:Cook Strait 1856:Abel Tasman 1756:The bay of 1723:Abel Tasman 1688:Abel Tasman 1659:New Holland 1643:Abel Tasman 1627:Abel Tasman 1596:New Zealand 1568:Nova Guinea 1564:Australasia 1524:Cape Egmont 1504:(naming it 1498:Cook Strait 1429:Abel Tasman 1386:New Zealand 1315:Australasia 1313:(including 1309:Regions of 1203:Philippines 1179:trade winds 1175:João Serrão 1131:Aru Islands 986:Hotu Matuꞌa 955:cannibalism 931:Melanesians 927:Polynesians 885:Tuʻi-tā-tui 814:archaeology 754:Philippines 742:Han Chinese 710:Polynesians 694:Polynesians 670:Latte stone 566:Mwehin Kawa 477:Melanesians 402:Melanesians 289:New Zealand 6942:Antarctica 6334:on Prange 6300:30 January 6160:20 October 6106:30 January 6074:20 October 5839:Hough 1994 5801:Hough 1994 5676:23 January 5591:9 December 5565:27 January 5330:Mangarevan 5263:1885/39600 5041:1 November 4976:23 January 4345:Kirch 2001 4321:Kirch 2001 4250:(1): e19. 4244:PLOS Genet 3926:27 January 3902:References 3719:Modern age 3405:New Guinea 3307:Enterprise 3273:, and the 3221:preventive 3202:naval base 2862:See also: 2845:Micronesia 2794:Tui Manúʻa 2730:Following 2721:New Guinea 2667:Queensland 2622:naming it 2572:Davis Land 2537:Botany Bay 2506:See also: 2457:Communards 2443:, Admiral 2344:Royal Navy 2273:Resolution 2222:Resolution 2183:Resolution 2149:Cook Inlet 2093:commanded 2087:Resolution 2034:Antarctica 2007:Resolution 1983:Resolution 1807:James Cook 1795:James Cook 1690:'s voyages 1572:New Guinea 1544:James Cook 1540:New Guinea 1536:Vanua Levu 1494:Golden Bay 1346:See also: 1323:Micronesia 1217:See also: 1191:westerlies 1125:in 1512), 1059:See also: 1039:chilensis) 990:Polynesian 882:Tuʻi Tonga 872:, a stone 830:C14 dating 790:haplotypes 774:linguistic 766:New Guinea 734:Micronesia 702:See also: 651:Isokelekel 616:megalithic 604:nahnmwarki 598:nahnmwarki 593:Isokelekel 589:Pohnpeians 584:Nahnmwarki 509:See also: 491:Micronesia 325:Micronesia 313:prehistory 307:Prehistory 299:and other 158:Literature 125:Indigenous 36:Micronesia 18:See also: 6966:Australia 6700:Australia 5334:Atu Motua 5272:160933194 5242:Antiquity 5136:160340278 5011:. 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