386:, caused an exodus of them to southern Dominica. They set up smallholdings. Meanwhile, French families and others from Guadeloupe settled in the north. In 1727, the first French commander, M. Le Grand, took charge of the island with a basic French government; Dominica formally became a colony of France, and the island was divided into districts or "quarters". Already installed in Martinique and Guadeloupe and cultivating sugar cane, the French gradually developed plantations in Dominica for coffee. They imported African slaves to fill the labor demands replacing the indigenous Caribs.
2771:
2781:
143:
24:
430:
718:
487:
Following World War I, an upsurge of political consciousness throughout the
Caribbean led to the formation of the representative government association. Marshaling public frustration with the lack of a voice in the governing of Dominica, this group won one-third of the popularly elected seats of the
475:
conferred political and social rights on free nonwhites. Three Blacks were elected to the legislative assembly the following year. The abolition of slavery in 1834 enabled
Dominica by 1838 to become the only British Caribbean colony to have a Black-controlled legislature in the 19th century. Most
479:
In 1865, after much agitation and tension, the colonial office replaced the elective assembly with one composed of one-half elected members and one-half appointed. The elected legislators were outmaneuvered on numerous occasions by planters allied with colonial administrators. In 1871, Dominica
361:
became the first regular
European visitor to the island. In 1660 the French and English agreed that both Dominica and St. Vincent should not be settled, but instead left to the Caribs as neutral territory. Dominica was officially neutral for the next century, but the attraction of its resources
577:
activist, and many feared that his approach to politics might be impractical. However, these were somewhat quieted when he formed a coalition with the more conservative
Dominica Freedom Party. Douglas died suddenly after only eight months in office, on October 1, 2000, and was replaced by
619:
The
Dominica Labour Party (DLP) was given another overwhelming mandate β for a record fifth consecutive five-year term. The party's charismatic but often maligned leader, Roosevelt Skerrit, will serve a new five-year term as the Prime Minister of Dominica.
476:
Black legislators were small holders or merchants who held economic and social views diametrically opposed to the interests of the small, wealthy
English planter class. Reacting to a perceived threat, the planters lobbied for more direct British rule.
463:
with the active cooperation of the population, which was largely French. The 1783 Treaty of Paris, which ended the war, returned the island to
Britain. French invasions in 1795 and 1805 ended in failure. The 22 February 1805 invasion burned much of
590:. On January 6, 2004, Prime Minister Pierre Charles, who had been suffering from heart problems since 2003, died. He became the second consecutive prime minister of Dominica to die in office of a heart attack. The foreign minister,
553:
Chronic economic problems were compounded by the severe impact of hurricanes in 1979 and in 1980. By the end of the 1980s, the economy had made a healthy recovery, which weakened in the 1990s due to a decrease in banana prices.
503:
was elected. After the federation dissolved, Dominica became an associated state of the United
Kingdom on February 27, 1967, and formally took responsibility for its internal affairs. LeBlanc retired in 1974 and was replaced by
546:, the Caribbean's first female prime minister. Within a year of her inauguration she survived two unsuccessful coups and in October 1983, as chairperson of the Organisation of East Caribbean States, endorsed the US
378:
begin to set up timber camps to supply the French islands with wood and gradually become permanent settlers. They brought the first enslaved people from West Africa to
Dominica. In 1715, a revolt of "
527:, packing winds of 150 mph (240 km/h), struck the island with devastating force. Forty-two people were killed and 75% of the islanders' homes were destroyed or severely damaged.
2758:
346:
Daunted by fierce resistance from the Caribs and discouraged by the absence of gold, the
Spanish did not settle the island. Many of the remaining Carib people live in Dominica's
471:
In 1763, the British established a legislative assembly, representing only the white population. In 1831, reflecting a liberalization of official British racial attitudes, the
2817:
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782:
Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the Western Hemisphere, 2nd Edition [2 volumes]: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the Western Hemisphere
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succeeded him as prime minister and became the new leader of the Dominica Labour Party. Elections were held on May 5, 2005, with the ruling coalition maintaining power.
488:
legislative assembly in 1924 and one-half in 1936. Shortly thereafter, Dominica was transferred from the Leeward Island Administration and was governed as part of the
370:
Spain had little to no success in colonizing Dominica and in 1690, the French established their first permanent settlements in Dominica. French woodcutters from
974:
807:"A Plan of the Rosalij Compy. Estates, the Property of His Excelly. Charles O'Harra, the Honble. Leiut. Gov. Will. Stuart, James Clarke & Rob. & Phill"
472:
1428:
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2142:
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Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1962; overlaps portions of Argentine and Chilean claims, borders not enforced but claim not renounced under the
379:
383:
2301:
259:
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named the island after the day of the week on which he spotted it - a Sunday ('Dominica' in Latin) - which fell on 3 November 1493 on his
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2181:
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1865:
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claimed Dominica along with all the other 'Petite Antilles' but no settlement was attempted. Between 1642 and 1650 a French missionary
1927:
401:
was successful and the island was conquered along with several other Caribbean islands. After France was defeated by Britain in the
354:
201:
88:
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60:
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1310:
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67:
41:
2414:
1196:
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remained; rival expeditions of English and French foresters were harvesting timber by the start of the 18th century.
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2294:
1487:
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252:
107:
74:
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689:
2383:
2114:
952:
616:
340:
832:
56:
2945:
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2205:
1819:
1713:
1530:
1214:
45:
3030:
484:. The power of the Black population progressively eroded. Crown Colony government was re-established in 1896.
2995:
2487:
2251:
2002:
1443:. After recognised independence in 1980, Zimbabwe was a member of the Commonwealth until it withdrew in 2003.
1340:
1272:
562:
434:
3086:
2950:
2287:
1737:
1661:
1637:
1631:
988:
456:
421:, which ended the war, returned the island to Britain. French invasions in 1795 and 1805 ended in failure.
398:
245:
2704:
2370:
1220:
460:
414:
231:
2442:
2219:
2193:
2090:
1859:
410:
292:
in 1763, and then became a British colony from 1763 to 1978. It became an independent nation in 1978.
3050:
2733:; Ascension Island (1922β) and Tristan da Cunha (1938β) were previously dependencies of Saint Helena.
2376:
2332:
2054:
1765:
1440:
1410:
1168:
481:
3045:
2826:
2557:
2265:
2212:
2120:
2078:
2042:
1996:
1611:
1260:
1202:
726:
654:
649:
309:
226:
520:
On November 3, 1978, the Commonwealth of Dominica was granted independence by the United Kingdom.
3055:
2774:
2606:
2481:
2449:
2430:
2096:
2048:
1990:
1699:
1643:
1019:
639:
81:
34:
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2935:
2885:
2845:
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2226:
2102:
2066:
1838:
1826:
1725:
1605:
1593:
1481:
1436:
1424:
1055:
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struck Dominica and was the most powerful and devastating hurricane ever recorded in Dominica.
539:
493:
448:
406:
780:
743:
534:, and in mid-1979, political discontent led to the formation of an interim government, led by
3020:
3015:
3010:
2865:
2784:
2390:
1545:
1322:
1304:
1113:
1044:
921:
810:
566:
500:
157:
3000:
3005:
2920:
2895:
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2513:
2426:
2360:
2338:
2239:
2199:
2108:
2072:
2010:
1935:
1623:
1358:
1352:
1346:
664:
418:
336:
277:
171:
8:
2970:
2905:
2850:
2174:
1977:
1832:
1719:
1707:
1687:
1675:
1587:
1378:
1290:
947:
547:
452:
402:
390:
289:
133:
868:
2985:
2980:
2910:
2890:
2420:
2402:
2342:
2233:
1959:
1921:
1897:
1878:
1769:
1316:
1242:
1208:
1107:
1087:
1013:
583:
2925:
2915:
2860:
2855:
2780:
2366:
1984:
1949:
1681:
1569:
1517:
1511:
1495:
1334:
1328:
1278:
1248:
1178:
786:
758:
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185:
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124:
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2493:
2461:
2348:
2148:
2060:
1845:
1371:
1364:
1266:
1151:
1096:
850:
561:. James became prime minister, serving until the February 2000 elections, when the
531:
489:
221:
164:
982:
740:
General History of the Caribbean: Methodology and historiography of the Caribbean,
2870:
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2126:
1965:
1649:
1551:
1254:
609:
602:
591:
543:
535:
524:
347:
557:
In 1995 the government was defeated in elections by the United Workers Party of
2575:
2563:
2408:
2024:
1953:
1942:
1731:
1693:
1599:
1563:
1557:
1523:
1061:
984:
509:
358:
530:
Independence did little to solve problems stemming from centuries of economic
3080:
2616:
2436:
1617:
1501:
722:
570:
321:
313:
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2646:
2354:
1915:
1909:
1890:
1655:
1390:
1297:
1236:
1230:
693:
558:
505:
2763:
2259:
2160:
1971:
1575:
1475:
1190:
1184:
587:
2036:
2017:
1760:
1539:
1158:
1075:
375:
371:
538:. It was replaced after the 1980 elections by a government led by the
429:
2682:
1535:
1284:
1068:
918:
The TaΓnos : Rise and Decline of the People Who Greeted Columbus
851:"IFES Election Guide | Elections: Dominica Parliamentary May 5, 2005"
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317:
23:
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2525:
1804:
1756:
1505:
1432:
1418:
1414:
1384:
1172:
305:
281:
142:
887:"DOMINICA-Savarin re-elected President, opposition stages walkout"
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1852:
1812:
1405:
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1121:
721:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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1904:
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1049:
594:
immediately became prime minister, but the education minister,
465:
440:
350:, a 3,700-acre (15 km) district on Dominica's east coast.
301:
285:
455:, the island became a British possession. In 1778, during the
288:. Dominica was a French colony from 1715 until the end of the
2030:
1752:
1224:
690:"Discover Dominica: an introduction to our Caribbean island"
1581:
324:, who settled here in the 14th century, called the island
320:
were overthrown by the Kalinago tribe of the Caribs. The
901:"Reflections on Dominica 2019 general election results"
757:. Lennox Honychurch Article. 1990-07-05. Archived from
2635:
1768:. Iraq's mandate was not enacted and replaced by the
515:
382:" smallholders in the north of Martinique, known as
417:with the active cooperation of the population. The
48:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
586:was elected and sworn in as president, succeeding
499:In 1961, a Dominica Labor Party government led by
3078:
405:, it ceded the island to the British under the
280:spotted the island. Prior to European contact,
2811:
2295:
968:
308:, and other islands of the Caribbean, by the
253:
2825:
2730:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
2713:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
2591:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
424:
929:The Dominica Story: A History of the Island
869:"Hurricane Maria 'devastates' Dominica: PM"
492:until 1958, when it joined the short-lived
365:
2818:
2804:
2302:
2288:
975:
961:
331:
260:
246:
833:"When Prime Minister Pierre Charles died"
108:Learn how and when to remove this message
1774:Legitimacy of territorial establishment
428:
755:"Important Dates in Dominica's History"
3079:
2759:Historical flags of the British Empire
2743:Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1985
778:
2799:
2634:
2546:
2283:
1792:
1464:
1139:
1032:
956:
779:Marley, David F. (11 February 2008).
738:P.C. Emmer & BW Highman, (1999)
712:
710:
670:Spanish colonization of the Americas
630:British colonization of the Americas
46:adding citations to reliable sources
17:
2570:Saint Andrew and Providence Islands
1413:. British Cameroons is now part of
799:
725:: "Background note: Dominica".
660:List of prime ministers of Dominica
635:French colonization of the Americas
395:British expedition against Dominica
13:
1429:unilaterally declared independence
1124:1708β1757, 1763β1782 and 1798β1802
645:History of the British West Indies
328:, which means "Tall is her body."
14:
3098:
2636:Antarctica and the South Atlantic
2615:Occupied by Argentina during the
2547:
1793:
935:
707:
516:Independence: 1978 to present day
316:. These descendants of the early
272:The first written records in the
2941:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
2779:
2770:
2769:
2182:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
716:
355:Compagnie des Γles de l'AmΓ©rique
141:
22:
893:
879:
295:
33:needs additional citations for
2678:Australian Antarctic Territory
1534:since 1965 (before as part of
1531:British Indian Ocean Territory
1417:, while Tanganyika is part of
1048:since 1960 (before as part of
861:
843:
825:
772:
747:
732:
682:
508:who became the islands' first
1:
692:. Dominica.dm. Archived from
675:
563:Dominica United Workers Party
461:mounted a successful invasion
415:mounted a successful invasion
276:began in November 1493, when
3066:United States Virgin Islands
989:British Overseas Territories
582:, also of the DLP. In 2003,
457:American War of Independence
7:
2705:British Antarctic Territory
2415:Western Pacific Territories
2309:
920:. New Haven & London:
623:
565:(DUWP) was defeated by the
10:
3103:
2443:Gilbert and Ellice Islands
1860:British Arctic Territories
1140:
1033:
411:American Revolutionary War
3041:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
2959:
2833:
2754:
2723:
2683:Commonwealth of Australia
2641:
2630:
2601:
2553:
2542:
2508:
2315:
2279:
2085:Newfoundland and Labrador
1799:
1788:
1766:League of Nations mandate
1747:
1471:
1460:
1441:Lancaster House Agreement
1411:League of Nations mandate
1400:
1146:
1135:
1039:
1028:
995:
482:Leeward Island Federation
425:British colony: 1763β1978
3061:Turks and Caicos Islands
2827:History of North America
2213:Turks and Caicos Islands
1520:(protectorate) 1907β1949
1465:
1092:(integrated into the UK)
727:U.S. Department of State
655:History of the Caribbean
650:History of North America
612:was re-elected in 2018.
366:French colony: 1715β1763
310:South Equatorial Current
2496:1919β1942 and 1945β1968
2321:18th and 19th centuries
2137:Queen Charlotte Islands
2097:North-Western Territory
2069:1665β1674 and 1702β1776
1672:1781β1784 and 1795β1819
1337:1923β1965 and 1979β1980
1020:Commonwealth of Nations
640:History of the Americas
332:Early European contacts
312:from the waters of the
2991:British Virgin Islands
2246:West Indies Federation
1435:) and continued as an
1018:Current member of the
610:Charles Angelo Savarin
540:Dominica Freedom Party
494:West Indies Federation
444:
409:. In 1778, during the
407:Treaty of Paris (1763)
2931:Saint Kitts and Nevis
2168:Saint Kitts and Nevis
1439:state until the 1979
1045:Akrotiri and Dhekelia
944:by Lennox Honeychurch
922:Yale University Press
905:Caribbean News Global
855:www.electionguide.org
811:World Digital Library
567:Dominica Labour Party
542:under Prime Minister
501:Edward Oliver LeBlanc
432:
284:was inhabited by the
57:"History of Dominica"
2696:Realm of New Zealand
2694:(transferred to the
2681:(transferred to the
2514:Realm of New Zealand
2115:Prince Edward Island
1993:1671β1816, 1833β1960
927:Honeychurch, Lennox
875:. 19 September 2017.
696:on 23 September 2010
665:Politics of Dominica
473:Brown Privilege Bill
447:As part of the 1763
419:1783 Treaty of Paris
389:In 1761, during the
353:In 1632, the French
337:Christopher Columbus
278:Christopher Columbus
202:World Heritage Sites
42:improve this article
3087:History of Dominica
2946:Trinidad and Tobago
2841:Antigua and Barbuda
2727:Since 2009 part of
2619:of AprilβJune 1982.
2206:Trinidad and Tobago
1820:Antigua and Barbuda
1720:Straits Settlements
942:History of Dominica
907:. 10 December 2019.
548:Invasion of Grenada
480:became part of the
443:on 22 February 1805
274:history of Dominica
134:Culture of Dominica
2881:Dominican Republic
1879:Cape Breton Island
1770:Anglo-Iraqi Treaty
1612:Unfederated States
1427:Southern Rhodesia
1014:Commonwealth realm
584:Nicholas Liverpool
573:. He was a former
445:
439:at the burning of
3074:
3073:
2963:other territories
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2792:
2750:
2749:
2626:
2625:
2558:Providence Island
2538:
2537:
2503:
2502:
2371:Western Australia
2339:Van Diemen's Land
2275:
2274:
2252:Associated States
1950:Columbia District
1784:
1783:
1638:Manila and Cavite
1456:
1455:
1335:Southern Rhodesia
1329:South-West Africa
1279:Northern Rhodesia
1191:Cape of Good Hope
1131:
1130:
1008:Current territory
948:Dominican slavery
889:. 2 October 2018.
617:general elections
596:Roosevelt Skerrit
270:
269:
118:
117:
110:
92:
3094:
3031:Saint BarthΓ©lemy
2961:Dependencies and
2834:Sovereign states
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2813:
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2797:
2796:
2783:
2773:
2772:
2738:Antarctic Treaty
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2686:
2671:Falkland Islands
2663:Tristan da Cunha
2655:Ascension Island
2632:
2631:
2583:Falkland Islands
2544:
2543:
2512:Now part of the
2384:Pitcairn Islands
2349:Auckland Islands
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2317:
2304:
2297:
2290:
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2266:Windward Islands
2220:Vancouver Island
1997:MassachusettsBay
1866:British Columbia
1790:
1789:
1606:Federated States
1462:
1461:
1372:Tristan da Cunha
1341:Southern Nigeria
1273:Northern Nigeria
1152:Ascension Island
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1004:Former territory
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742:volume 6 pp 637
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532:underdevelopment
523:In August 1979,
453:Seven Years' War
403:Seven Years' War
391:Seven Years' War
290:Seven Years' War
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2691:Ross Dependency
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2597:
2549:
2534:
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2499:
2455:
2450:Solomon Islands
2397:North Australia
2377:South Australia
2333:New South Wales
2311:
2308:
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1991:Leeward Islands
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1780:
1743:
1650:Muscat and Oman
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603:Hurricane Maria
592:Osborne Riviere
544:Eugenia Charles
536:Oliver Seraphin
525:Hurricane David
518:
468:to the ground.
451:that ended the
449:Treaty of Paris
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368:
348:Carib Territory
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304:were guided to
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232:National anthem
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792:9781598841015
788:
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761:on 2013-08-30
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724:
723:public domain
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571:Rosie Douglas
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351:
349:
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341:second voyage
338:
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326:Waiβtu kubuli
323:
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314:Orinoco River
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98:February 2013
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69:
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62:
59: β
58:
54:
53:Find sources:
47:
43:
37:
36:
31:This article
29:
25:
20:
19:
16:
3056:Sint Maarten
3036:Saint Martin
2875:
2728:
2711:
2703:
2669:
2661:
2653:
2647:Saint Helena
2645:
2589:
2581:
2431:Cook Islands
2382:
2355:New Hebrides
2324:20th century
2240:West Florida
2225:
2211:
2143:Rhode Island
2121:Pennsylvania
2079:Newfoundland
2016:
1941:
1891:East Florida
1884:
1862:16th c.β1880
1851:
1803:
1700:Crown Colony
1688:Pulo Condore
1662:Crown Colony
1656:North Borneo
1529:
1488:Protectorate
1437:unrecognised
1431:in 1965 (as
1370:
1323:South Africa
1311:Sierra Leone
1298:Saint Helena
1296:
1291:Orange River
1169:Bechuanaland
1150:
1108:Protectorate
1067:
1043:
1007:
987:and Current
928:
917:
904:
895:
881:
872:
863:
854:
845:
836:
827:
815:. Retrieved
801:
785:. Abc-Clio.
781:
774:
763:. Retrieved
759:the original
749:
739:
734:
729:(July 2008).
698:. Retrieved
694:the original
684:
615:In the 2019
614:
607:
600:
559:Edison James
556:
552:
529:
522:
519:
506:Patrick John
498:
486:
478:
470:
446:
435:
388:
369:
352:
345:
335:
325:
299:
296:Pre-colonial
273:
271:
227:Coat of arms
150:
104:
95:
85:
78:
71:
64:
52:
40:Please help
35:verification
32:
15:
3026:Puerto Rico
2936:Saint Lucia
2886:El Salvador
2764:Anglosphere
2482:New Zealand
2391:New Zealand
2260:West Jersey
2175:Saint Lucia
2161:Saint Kitts
2155:Saint Croix
2135:1763β1791*
2103:Nova Scotia
2049:New England
2005:, 1691β1776
1972:East Jersey
1960:Connecticut
1839:Bay Islands
1726:Transjordan
1644:Mesopotamia
1482:Afghanistan
1476:Aden Colony
1261:Niger Coast
1227:) 1874β1957
1203:East Africa
1185:Cape Colony
1175:) 1884β1966
1165:) 1868β1966
588:Vernon Shaw
3021:Montserrat
3016:Martinique
3011:Guadeloupe
2866:Costa Rica
2716:since 1908
2708:since 1908
2674:since 1833
2666:since 1816
2658:since 1815
2650:since 1658
2607:department
2594:since 1908
2586:since 1833
2387:since 1838
2367:Swan River
2361:Queensland
2248:1958β1962
2230:since 1666
2216:since 1799
2067:New Jersey
2037:New Albion
2021:since 1632
2018:Montserrat
1999:1629β1691
1946:since 1670
1868:1858β1866
1856:since 1619
1808:since 1650
1761:Bangladesh
1696:1841β1946
1658:1882β1963
1624:Federation
1602:1819β1826
1540:Seychelles
1484:1839β1842
1375:since 1816
1359:Tanganyika
1317:Somaliland
1305:Seychelles
1301:since 1658
1221:Gold Coast
1215:The Gambia
1159:Basutoland
1155:since 1815
1097:Free State
1090:1542β1800
1076:Heligoland
1072:since 1713
765:2013-09-29
700:2010-06-27
676:References
608:President
436:Majestueux
399:Lord Rollo
380:poor white
376:Guadeloupe
372:Martinique
68:newspapers
3006:Greenland
2921:Nicaragua
2896:Guatemala
2700:1841β1947
2687:1841β1933
2578:1831β1966
2572:1670β1688
2566:1651β1667
2560:1631β1641
2490:1914β1962
2484:1907β1947
2477:1901β1942
2475:Australia
2470:1900β1974
2464:1900β1970
2452:1893β1978
2445:1892β1979
2439:1889β1948
2433:1888β1901
2427:Rarotonga
2423:1884β1902
2417:1877β1976
2411:1874β1970
2405:1851β1901
2399:1846β1847
2393:1841β1907
2379:1836β1901
2373:1829β1901
2363:1824β1901
2357:1824β1980
2351:1807β1863
2345:1803β1901
2335:1788β1901
2268:1833β1960
2262:1674β1702
2254:1967β1983
2242:1763β1783
2236:1607β1776
2222:1849β1866
2208:1889β1962
2202:1862β1863
2196:1712β1776
2190:1635β1644
2184:1627β1979
2177:1605β1979
2170:1882β1983
2163:1623β1983
2157:1625β1650
2151:1670β1870
2145:1636β1776
2139:1853β1863
2129:1620β1691
2123:1681β1776
2117:1763β1873
2105:1713β1867
2099:1859β1870
2093:1712β1776
2087:1583β1907
2081:1907β1949
2075:1664β1776
2063:1637β1662
2061:New Haven
2057:1680β1776
2051:1686β1689
2045:1784β1867
2033:1628β1983
2027:1655β1860
2013:1632β1776
1987:1655β1962
1980:1733β1776
1974:1674β1702
1968:1701β1776
1962:1636β1776
1956:1818β1846
1938:1663β1712
1930:1867β1931
1924:1841β1867
1918:1791β1841
1912:1791β1841
1900:1762β1974
1893:1763β1783
1887:1763β1978
1881:1754β1820
1872:1866β1871
1848:1871β1981
1841:1643β1860
1835:1624β1966
1829:1670β1973
1822:1860β1981
1815:1632β1860
1740:1898β1930
1734:1892β1971
1728:1921β1946
1722:1826β1946
1716:1945β1946
1710:1946β1963
1708:Singapore
1702:1946β1963
1690:1702β1705
1684:1786β1946
1678:1923β1948
1676:Palestine
1664:1946β1963
1652:1891β1971
1646:1920β1932
1640:1762β1764
1634:1796β1965
1626:1948β1957
1620:1946β1948
1614:1885β1946
1608:1895β1946
1596:1848β1946
1590:1918β1961
1584:1811β1816
1578:1858β1947
1572:1841β1997
1570:Hong Kong
1566:1878β1960
1560:1795β1948
1554:1888β1984
1548:1824β1948
1536:Mauritius
1526:1874β1963
1514:1757β1947
1508:1812β1824
1498:1685β1824
1496:Bencoolen
1490:1879β1919
1478:1839β1967
1393:1887β1897
1387:1890β1963
1381:1890β1962
1367:1900β1910
1365:Transvaal
1361:1922β1961
1355:1899β1956
1349:1893β1968
1347:Swaziland
1343:1900β1914
1331:1915β1931
1325:1910β1931
1319:1884β1960
1313:1792β1961
1307:1903β1976
1293:1900β1910
1287:1891β1964
1285:Nyasaland
1281:1924β1964
1275:1900β1914
1269:1914β1960
1263:1884β1900
1257:1856β1910
1251:1810β1968
1249:Mauritius
1245:1807β1808
1239:1862β1906
1233:1920β1963
1217:1816β1965
1211:1882β1922
1205:1895β1920
1199:1891β1907
1193:1806β1910
1187:1795β1803
1181:1919β1961
1179:Cameroons
1116:1813β1964
1110:1800β1813
1099:1921β1931
1084:1809β1864
1078:1807β1890
1069:Gibraltar
1064:1878β1960
1058:1794β1796
1012:*Current
601:In 2017,
575:socialist
490:Windwards
384:La GaoulΓ©
195:Monuments
158:Languages
3081:Category
2971:Anguilla
2906:Honduras
2876:Dominica
2851:Barbados
2775:Category
2611:Colombia
2526:Kiribati
2403:Victoria
2343:Tasmania
2234:Virginia
2200:Stickeen
2188:Saybrook
2127:Plymouth
2073:New York
2011:Maryland
2003:Province
1966:Delaware
1936:Carolina
1928:Dominion
1922:Province
1885:Dominica
1833:Barbados
1805:Anguilla
1776:disputed
1757:Pakistan
1632:Maldives
1506:Billiton
1433:Rhodesia
1419:Tanzania
1415:Cameroon
1391:Zululand
1385:Zanzibar
1173:Botswana
873:BBC News
817:18 April
624:See also
441:Rousseau
306:Dominica
282:Dominica
172:Religion
125:a series
123:Part of
3001:Curaçao
2986:Bonaire
2981:Bermuda
2911:Jamaica
2891:Grenada
2846:Bahamas
2766:culture
2520:Vanuatu
2310:Oceania
1985:Jamaica
1978:Georgia
1898:Grenada
1853:Bermuda
1827:Bahamas
1813:Antigua
1694:Sarawak
1406:Namibia
1267:Nigeria
1243:Madeira
1163:Lesotho
1122:Minorca
1088:Ireland
1056:Corsica
983:Former
837:The Sun
397:led by
215:Symbols
165:Cuisine
151:History
82:scholar
2926:Panama
2916:Mexico
2861:Canada
2856:Belize
2785:Portal
2605:Now a
2576:Guiana
2530:Tuvalu
2133:Quebec
1905:Canada
1846:Belize
1738:Weihai
1682:Penang
1670:Padang
1600:Malaya
1594:Labuan
1588:Kuwait
1564:Cyprus
1558:Ceylon
1552:Brunei
1524:Borneo
1518:Bhutan
1512:Bengal
1448:Zambia
1379:Uganda
1141:Africa
1114:Colony
1104:Malta
1062:Cyprus
1050:Cyprus
1034:Europe
1000:Legend
931:(1995)
924:c1992.
813:. 1776
789:
466:Roseau
322:Caribs
318:TaΓnos
302:Arawak
286:Arawak
127:on the
84:
77:
70:
63:
55:
2976:Aruba
2901:Haiti
2528:and *
2494:Nauru
2488:Samoa
2462:Tonga
2421:Papua
2031:Nevis
1916:Upper
1910:Lower
1753:India
1618:Union
1576:India
1546:Burma
1502:Banka
1353:Sudan
1255:Natal
1237:Lagos
1231:Kenya
1225:Ghana
1209:Egypt
186:Sport
179:Music
89:JSTOR
75:books
3046:Saba
2871:Cuba
2524:Now
2518:Now
2468:Niue
2409:Fiji
2111:1843
2039:1579
1759:and
1751:Now
1582:Java
1538:and
1504:and
1466:Asia
1446:Now
1404:Now
819:2013
787:ISBN
374:and
300:The
222:Flag
61:news
2609:of
433:Le
44:by
3083::
1755:,
903:.
871:.
853:.
835:.
809:.
709:^
550:.
512:.
496:.
393:a
343:.
2819:e
2812:t
2805:v
2740:.
2698:)
2685:)
2480:*
2473:*
2448:*
2429:/
2369:/
2341:/
2303:e
2296:t
2289:v
2180:*
2173:*
2166:*
1983:*
1952:/
1903:*
1896:*
1844:*
1825:*
1818:*
1811:*
1542:)
1421:.
1223:(
1171:(
1161:(
1052:)
976:e
969:t
962:v
857:.
839:.
821:.
795:.
768:.
703:.
261:e
254:t
247:v
111:)
105:(
100:)
96:(
86:Β·
79:Β·
72:Β·
65:Β·
38:.
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