History of Bickford's Australia

723: 410:(née Garrett) (1810 – 24 January 1877) was determined to carry on her husband's business. With five children under the age of ten, she enrolled the help of a retired pharmacist Mr Paxton to 'hold the fort' until more permanent help could be found. She soon engaged qualified chemists Edwin Page and Robert Hutton, and "with their able assistance" carried on the business for 14 years. (Mr Hutton was to open a pharmacy of his own at 76 Rundle Street in 1863.) On 29 May 1865 the shop shifted yet again – to 19 Hindley Street, later the site of Tattersall's Hotel. Early 1873 they opened a shop in Taylor Street, 687:(about whom little is known), a range of cordials was manufactured, principally lime juice cordial, raspberry vinegar and raspberry balm, but peppermint, cloves, lemon, sarsaparilla, orange bitters, stomach bitters, Canadian bitters and quinine wine were also produced. Production commenced in 1874, and Bickford's Australia labels continue to carry the Bickford's logo which states: "Since 1874". In 1876 the factory was expanded and became the South Australian Cordial and Aerated Water Factory with Mons. H. Foureur in charge of the 817: 315: 400: 356:. They were soon expecting their first child, but it died shortly after birth on 6 June 1840, and Ann was seriously ill for some time. In March 1840, William wrote that Dr and Mrs Bright had left the colony for New Zealand, (leaving William to deal with his creditors), and that he had secured another position as manager of a retail shop and dispensary owned by a partnership of two surgeons, at a salary of £3 per week. 1020: 772:(14 January 1877 – 5 August 1919), youngest son of Harry, was in his youth a prominent cyclist. After a few years' work in the company laboratories he left for London in 1898 to gain qualifications as a pharmacist, and on return to Adelaide in 1903, was employed as assistant lecturer at the University of Adelaide. then as manager of A. M. Bickford & Sons' offices in Sydney then 275:. Until 1930, it was one of the State's most significant family-owned companies. In 1930, they amalgamated with half a dozen other similar Australian companies to form "Drug Houses of Australia" (DHA), which continued to produce "A. M. Bickford and Sons" products: "drugs" and "chemicals" under the DHA brand; and cordials and soft drinks under the "A. M. Bickford and Sons" brand. 738:, the home village of his grandparents, and the location to which his sister Elizabeth had "migrated". William Bickford did not live long to enjoy its grandeur, and on his death in 1918 left his widow Margaret and son Harold with a substantial overdraft. They were able to maintain a gracious lifestyle however, retaining a coachman and other servants. 506: 286:. By the mid-1970s DHA had collapsed under the burden of servicing the imposed level of debt. What was left was split up and sold. Reckitt & Colman acquired the major "drugs" and "chemicals" product and brands, while other parts of the company were acquired by others. Melburnian Peter Abbott purchased the pharmacy products, 1005:

In 1987 FGB sold Bickford's Lime Juice Cordial and Coffee Essence, together with the business name A.M. Bickford & Sons. (It is not clear to whom they sold them.) FGB continue in business pursuing their other interests and using the FGB brandname, however the company name now appears to be Felton

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The article reports on "A Valedictory Social" held for Mr Harding Bickford prior to his departure for England to "improve his knowledge of pharmacy". The gathering was presided over by Mr William Bickford (jr. – his uncle), who provided a summary of the history of the company, its key personnel, its

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Peter Abbott purchased DHA Manufacturing Pty Ltd, which included the eucalyptus oil operations, the business name Drug Houses of Australia, as well as other business and trade names and products including Bickford's Lime Juice Cordial and Bickford's Coffee Essence. An office and warehouse was set up

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In 1902, Felton Grimwade & Bickford Ltd. was founded in Western Australia. It was a joint venture between Felton Grimwade & Co, Melbourne and A.M. Bickford & Sons, Adelaide, with Robert McClure their first managing director. Sidney Bickford married a Perth girl and settled down, breaking

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Harold Bickford (16 May 1876 – 23 October 1958) Managing director A. M. Bickford & Sons Ltd 1908–1930? He married Tessie Veronica Murphy in 1916; they had one child, Ronald Ferguson Bickford (1918–2011); he divorced her in 1922 citing four co-respondents, including Napier K. Birks (1876–1953) of

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operations, and soft drink products. The pharmacy products were on-sold; the eucalyptus oil operations were incorporated into "FGB" (Felton Grimwade & Bickford). The soft drink products continued under the revived "A. M. Bickford and Sons" brand. In the late 1980s, FGB decided to concentrate on

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Their first son, William, was born on 19 November 1841, followed by Harry in February 1843, and Elizabeth in November 1844. In December 1845 they lost a baby, (Eulalia), so William decided to move his family away from the unsanitary conditions of the city. He purchased 16 acres (6.4 ha) of land at

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Despite an economic downturn in the colony, his business thrived. He left the security of the dispensary and by September 1840 had opened his own shop in Hindley Street near Rosina Street with borrowed capital of £220. It, too, prospered, and soon he moved into larger premises at 67 Hindley Street

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In April 1841 he wrote "Business is going on prosperously, and I have a comfortable home at my own fire side and a good wife, who studies my interest in every respect". Ann was very supportive of her husband and was able to keep his shop running during any forced absence, jury duty for instance.

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In 2006, Bickfords lime juice cordial was recognised by the National Trust of South Australia as a Heritage Icon. Into the second decade of the 21st century, the range of products continues to expand, along with the Bickford's Group which also includes Vok, Wheel & Barrow, and Karma Living.

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wool produced there always found a ready buyer. By the turn of the century they had decided to free themselves of the responsibility, so after the South Australian Government showed no interest at their price of £49,540, subdivided the 40,978 acres into 28 lots and put them up for auction on 23

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In February 1850, William wrote that he had established a garden and had planted fruit trees and vines. However, he did not live to enjoy the fruits, dying on 11 September 1850 at the age of 35 of "brain fever", after a 3-day illness, leaving his wife pregnant (with Mary) and with four young

333:, England. When Bickford's father died, the greater part of his fortune went to his eldest son by an earlier marriage. William's family was provided for, but had to work to secure their future. For the fifteen-year-old William, that meant taking an apprenticeship to Mr Buxton, a druggist. 892:

In 1920, Bickford's commenced production of branded Coffee and Chicory Essence, (later renamed Bickford's Iced Coffee Mix), winning the gold medal at the All-Australian Exhibition in 1930. These and other products are still made to the same original recipes today.

714:, a 3-month journey he executed twice per year "for some years". Harry was in control at Hindley Street. He served as the first President of the Pharmaceutical Association of S.A. and was known as a sportsman, being Master of the Adelaide Hunt Club for many years. 566:

He was made Justice of the Peace in 1886 and elected president of the Justices' Association from 1903 to 1904. He was elected to Brighton council and Mayor of Brighton 1886–1887 and 1890–1891. He was president of the Adelaide Chamber of Commerce from 1894 to 1895.

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their "core businesses" under the FGB brand, and sold the soft drink businesses and the Bickford brand names, which by this stage had been established for over a century. The history of the Bickford's products and company names between 1987 and 1999 is not clear.

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In 1991 the company extended the premium cordial range to include blackcurrant syrup and other new flavours, and throughout the 1990s further expanded the range with "old style sodas", fruit juice flavoured mineral water, bottled water and other products.

470:, an academy run by J. L. Young in Freeman Street, and continued there for some years. Harry (or Henry as he was then called), was thriving there in 1853. Both he and Edward were mentioned at the prizegiving in 1855 Harry kept a close association with his 994:

at 17 Capella Crescent, Moorabbin. The name Drug Houses of Australia and some of the pharmacy only products were on-sold to Australian Pharmaceutical Industries (API) NSW. Currently, DHA is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange and is located in Singapore.

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In February 2014, Bickford's announced plans for a new distillery in the South Australian Riverland. The article states, (amongst other things), that the "key to Bickford's success has been buying unloved brands and working out ways to rebuild them".

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William was a diligent letter writer; a collection of his letters was found in a deed box in the 1920s, and they were placed in the archives of the State Library of South Australia. A two part article summarising their contents appeared in

782:(26 January 1880 – 20 November 1948) a younger son of William (jr.), was in charge of the Cordial and Aerated Waters factory for many years, succeeding one Stephen Bickford, about whom little is known but was not of the immediate family. 294:

In 1999 the soft drink business and company names were purchased by the Kotses family. "Bickford's" once again became a South Australian family-owned business, known for its range of cordials and flavourings. These are made today by

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He was married three times: on 24 February 1866 to Charlotte Jane Farr (c. 1842 – 4 September 1866). They had no children. He married again, on 10 March 1870 to Rosina Mary Ferguson (1845 – 5 October 1898). They had three children:

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William was not ready to be tied down, and travelled about the State in a multitude of occupations. Seven years later, he was ready to join the business and a new Deed of Trust was drawn up in 1871 for the new partnership

498: 990:. The remnant struggled on until 1974, at which point it was decided to break the company up and sell it. The major products including Dexcal, Sal Vital and Sapoderm were sold to Reckitt & Colman. 417:

Remarkably, her death was marked in the newspapers of the time with the most cursory of death notices and no more. Whatever funeral arrangements there might have been were not advertised. A vault at

912:(DHA) was formed with a capital of £5,000,000 which combined Bickford's with a number of similar Australian companies representing all states except Tasmania. No shares were offered to the public. 639: 745:, an organisation created to support children with poliomyelitis. In 1976 the children were transferred to a new facility at Regency Park. The property was then sold and the building demolished. 352:

surgery of one Dr Bright at a salary of 40/- (£2) a week with board and lodging provided. On 18 August 1839, his 24th birthday, he married Ann Margaret Garrett, whom he had met on the trip from

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fame) purchased various companies and brands, etc., which allowed them to manufacture and sell soft drinks in general, and Bickford's Lime Cordial in particular, from somewhere in the

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Pursuant to the amalgamation agreements, A.M. Bickford & Son Ltd shareholders received 4.6572 £1 Drug Houses of Australia Ltd shares for each £1 A.M. Bickford & Son Ltd share.

376:", moving the family there before the onset of the next summer. He commuted daily to his business in the city. They lost another baby, (James), in 1848, but Edward was born in 1849. 698:

With the mother's death in 1877, the two sons continued and expanded the business. William maintained personal contact with important and potential clients statewide, and along the

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With the continued expansion of the wholesale and manufacturing side of the business, the retail arm was sold around 1870, and substantial offices and warehouse were built at 42–46

591:(24 February 1843 – 6 September 1927) (He may have been christened "Henry".) was sent to England in 1859 to gain qualifications and experience as a chemist, and returned in 1863. 2319: 2354: 734:) on a property with a beach frontage of 160' and depth of 360' (49m x 110m) at the corner of The Esplanade and Madge Terrace (now Bickford Terrace). It was named after 601:

When the company was floated on the Stock Exchange in January 1903, he was elected first managing director, relinquishing the position to his nephew Harold in 1906.

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to his relatives in England in the period 1838–1850, Archives of the State Library of South Australia. (Click on the "Archival items" tab for a list of the letters.)

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In 1914 the manufacturing laboratory was transferred to Waymouth Street alongside the cordial factory. Facilities installed included a large (6'6" or 1.9m diameter)

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In 2005, the cordial and soft drink related parts of the company, now called "Bickford's Australia", moved into "a new state of the art manufacturing facility" in

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Their first home was "Fairfield" in Somerton, followed by "Alvington" near the Brighton Esplanade (see chapter below). Both William and Harry sent their sons to

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In 1975 the name DHA Manufacturing Pty. Ltd. was changed to Felton Grimwade & Bickford Pty. Ltd. (FGB), one of the business names that had been taken over.

2300: 680:(on the Leigh Street corner), which remained the company's headquarters from 1879 until well into the 20th Century; the building was still standing in 2010. 651:

In 1863, Harry, now qualified, returned from England and began working for her. On his 21st birthday, she formally took him into partnership with her as '

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In 1895 the partnership decided to expand west, and sent Sidney Bickford and Robert McClure, an experienced hand from the Adelaide firm to set up a

517:(19 November 1841 – 20 September 1916), being less academically inclined than Harry, gained experience travelling and picking up a variety of jobs. 348:. Though he aspired to become a shepherd in South Australia, soon after his arrival he began working as assistant in the dispensary attached to the 842:

In 1920 its dental requisites branch was made a separate company Commonwealth Dental Supply Company Ltd. with headquarters in King William Street.

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Bickford's labels also still continue to carry the statement: "On account of spurious imitations none is genuine unless bearing the signature of

655:. She drew up a deed, dated 23 February 1864, for a seven-year agreement whereby she held a two-thirds interest, and Harry a one-third interest. 477:

Although not as academically inclined, William must have made his mark as he was prominent in the Institution's 1863 welcome to "old scholars"

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On 12 December, at Bournemouth, Hants, England, Mary, youngest daughter of the late William and Ann M. Bickford, of Adelaide, South Australia.

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H(arry) Fairweather "H.F." Bickford (1874 – 8 July 1906) married May Innes-Ker (1876 – 22 August 1906) on 18 March 1903. They had no children.

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He took little interest in civic affairs, but was a keen horseman and was Master of the Adelaide Hounds from 1882 and a committeeman with the

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On 8 December 1904 he married Priscilla Simms (née Chambers) (c. 1852 – 17 November 1924) They had no children. Priscilla was a daughter of

2399: 854:, the company began producing premium cordials and aerated drinks. Before long these quality products, including the now famous Bickford's 1141: 1072:

At some time, (most likely 1987, but supporting evidence is yet to be located), the Lloyd Family (of Lloyd Helicopters / Lloyd Aviation /

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It is remarkably difficult to find anything definitive about this period, particularly the period 1987–1991, and it is not clear why.

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Around 1880, with business prospering and his family expanding, William built a substantial residence "Alvington" at New Glenelg (now

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Reginald Bickford (26 January 1880 – 20 November 1948) m. Rosa Florence Cudmore (30 September 1879 – 22 July 1954) on 17 November 1910

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On 7 January, at Brooklyn, New York, America, Edward, youngest son of the late William Bickford of Adelaide, aged 57 years.

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According to the Bickford's Australia website, Angelo Kotses became involved with the Lloyds some time in the early 1990s.

1038: 1030: 898:"contains all the elements that tend to cool and purify the blood, and makes as well, a refreshing and cooling beverage" 2366: 19:

This article is about the historic family manufacturers of pharmaceuticals and cordials. For the modern business, see

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Advertisement for the sale of 700lbs of Blue Stone (ie.copper sulphate) "at a low price". Retrieved 31 January 2011

560: 467: 1122: 788:(born 30 December 1885), youngest son of William (jr.) became manager of the Surgical and Veterinary Department. 850:

In 1874, following the foundation of the South Australian Cordial and Aerated Water Factory and laboratories on

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opposite Club Lane. As business flourished, the wholesale lines became the larger part of the firm's business.

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In 1872 they built the South Australian Cordial Factory on the north side of Waymouth Street where, under

2232: 2194: 1105:. Since the move to the new manufacturing plant in 2005 the range of products has expanded considerably. 571: 574:

in 1886, and though neither ever lived there, they installed a manager and visited frequently. The fine

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The two brothers were also major investors in the "Paramatta" copper mine at Moonta in the late 1890s.

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William Ferguson Bickford "Willie" (30 November 1871 – 22 June 1889) died aged 17 in riding accident

909: 692: 325:(18 August 1815 – 11 September 1850) was the seventh child (of fourteen) of a well-to-do couple of 722: 421:

bears the names of both Ann and William Snr. A nearby stone commemorates Charlotte Jane Bickford.

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William was concerned with the development of Adelaide. In 1847 he was one of the founders of the

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In 1968, DHA was taken over by the corporate raider, asset stripper and now-defunct British bank

482: 411: 380: 349: 297: 20: 1796:, for the newly opened "South Australian Cordial and Aerated Water Factory", page 155 from the 1586: 384: 418: 497: 373: 369: 8: 973: 353: 1840:, 20 September 1938, p.17. This was the time of a major epidemic of infantile paralysis. 1090: 1977:. Vol. LXII, no. 10, 779. Queensland, Australia. 17 September 1920. p. 3 534: 1915: 1717: 1098:

In the early 2000s iced teas and milkshake mixes were added to the range of products.

505: 1861: 1625: 1201: 882: 816: 1885: 1786: 1705: 1244: 1973: 1307: 983:

In 1961 Drug Houses of Australia's net profit after tax exceeded a million pounds.

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In 1903 the firm became a limited liability company A. M. Bickford & Sons Ltd.

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from 1889. He was a crack shot, and won significant trophies for pigeon shooting.

2367:"Bickford's/Vok Speed to Market Assured with StayinFront Mobile Retail Execution" 2251: 2220: 2201: 2182: 1922: 1892: 1793: 1318: 1080:. But to date, and somewhat peculiarly, no supporting evidence has been located. 886: 862: 851: 283: 272: 2244: 474:, being president of the Adelaide Educational Institution Old Scholars in 1866. 314: 1800:– undated (ca. 1876). Reproduced in the "photo album", pg.13, www.bickfords.net 1427: 1077: 1073: 735: 399: 326: 287: 279: 1996: 1968: 1581: 1274:

Harding William Bickford (1877–1919) was the youngest son of Harry (1843–1927)

2393: 2320:"Bickford's Australia to establish a new Spirits Distillery in the Riverland" 2072: 2039: 2023: 1952: 1937: 1849: 1833: 1809: 1773:, for the newly opened "South Australian Cordial and Aerated Water Factory", 1770: 1741: 1653: 1641: 1621: 1617: 1540: 1525: 1510: 1495: 1475: 1443: 1411: 1396: 1381: 1366: 1350: 1330: 1288: 1265: 1221: 987: 820:

A.M. Bickford & Sons Ltd, Laboratories & Works, Waymouth Street, 1916

756:(10 August 1874 – 10 December 1938), second son of William (jr.), opened the 707: 677: 341: 1873: 1455: 896:

In 1922 Bickford's "Sal Vital", an effervescent "health salt" powder which

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Sidney Bickford (10 August 1874 – 10 December 1938) moved to Perth in 1895.

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The children's education did not suffer. They were already studying at the

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branch. They were in direct competition with Felton Grimwade & Co. of

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Harding William Bickford (14 January 1877 – 5 August 1919) (never married)

2175: 2005:. Vol. 29, no. 48. South Australia. 1 December 1922. p. 24 1431: 870: 553:

Leslie Bruce Bickford (b.30 December 1885 at Alvington) m. Dorothy Murray

459: 1690: 2326:. Bickford's Australia / Vok Beverages. 7 February 2014. Archived from 1824:

Death of Mr Harry Bickford, Chronicle, 10 September 1927, p. 36, col. b

997: 478: 1667: 1665: 611:(Isabella) May Bickford (12 April 1872 – 28 July 1933) (never married) 336:

In September 1838, aged 23, the chemist's assistant left England from

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1999– Kotses family: A. M. Bickford & Sons / Bickford's Australia

866: 828: 801: 766:(1876–1958) succeeded his father William (jr.) as managing director. 711: 695:

but like the equipment over which he presided, was of French origin.

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it was susceptible to abuse for its alcohol content, and sales from

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In 1871 he married Margaret Jane Ferguson. They had seven children:

1662: 1311: 773: 563:, a tradition that was largely continued in following generations. 452: 337: 2287: 1590:. Vol. LVII, no. 15869. Adelaide. 5 July 1922. p. 1 1235:, part I on Saturday 13 June 1925, part II the following Saturday. 1009: 791: 741:

In the period 1938–1976, Alvington became "Somerton Home" of the

668:. William took the role of manager and promoter of the business. 541: 858:, gained international award recognition for their superiority. 372:", and in the winter of 1846 built a house, later to be called " 2030:

Tuesday 21 November 1922, pg.? col.5. Retrieved 31 January 2011

575: 1876:. Trove.nla.gov.au (7 August 1919). Retrieved on 16 July 2013. 489:

which had successfully crossed Australia from south to north.

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children, (William, Harry, Elizabeth and Edward) to care for.

1864:. Trove.nla.gov.au (9 April 1903). Retrieved on 16 July 2013. 797: 757: 330: 304: 2384: 811: 340:, rounded the Cape of Good Hope in December, and arrived in 642:

An AM Bickford & Sons "marble bottle" for aerated water

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Evelyn Victoria Bickford (later Mrs Robert Ezekiel Reid of

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Elizabeth "Bessie" Bickford on 29 November 1844 – England)

255: 2355:"Brands quench cordial maker Bickford's thirst for growth" 2301:"Bickford's plans new spirits distillery in the Riverland" 1531:

Saturday 15 September 1866 p. 3 accessed 10 February 2011

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both sets of dates from gravestone in St Jude's Cemetery

1357:, Saturday 20 June 1925, pg.8. Retrieved 30 January 2011 1228:, Saturday 13 June 1925, pg.7. Retrieved 30 January 2011 691:. Mons. Foureur had previously run a similar factory in 658: 633: 903: 436:

William Bickford (19 November 1841 – 20 September 1916)

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In 1956 D.H.A. (SA) Ltd. moved to new premises at 599

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Felton Grimwade & Bickford Ltd, Western Australia

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and other unlicensed premises were subject to police "

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Harold Bickford (1876–1958), 1887 – son of William Jr.

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Eulelia Bickford (8 November 1846 – 25 February 1847)

2159:, Encyclopaedia of Australian Science, www.eoas.info 2157:

Felton Grimwade & Bickfords Pty Ltd (c. 1974 – )

2147:, Encyclopaedia of Australian Science, www.eoas.info 2135:, Encyclopaedia of Australian Science, www.eoas.info 2123:, Encyclopaedia of Australian Science, www.eoas.info 2111:, Encyclopaedia of Australian Science, www.eoas.info 2099:, Encyclopaedia of Australian Science, www.eoas.info 2087:, Encyclopaedia of Australian Science, www.eoas.info 2060:, Encyclopaedia of Australian Science, www.eoas.info 1925:, Felton Grimwade & Bickford Ltd, www.fgb.com.au 1674:, Encyclopaedia of Australian Science, www.eoas.info 1659:

Saturday 2 September 1899 p.11 accessed 4 March 2011

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Felton Grimwade & Bickford Pty. Ltd. (1975–1987)

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James Bickford (19 February 1848 – 29 February 1848)

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Harry Bickford (24 February 1843 – 6 September 1927

383:(alongside others, including a business competitor 1626:http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article36424730/2300491 1516:Tuesday 16 December 1856 accessed 10 February 2011 1417:Thursday 25 January 1877 p.4 accessed 5 March 2011 570:He and brother Harry bought Burnside Station near 1777:, 18 October 1876, p.2. Retrieved 31 January 2011 646: 2391: 1562:(1809–1892) and Rosina (née Forsyth) (1810–1893) 458:Mary Bickford (25 April 1851 – 12 December 1882 403:"Anne" Margaret Bickford (née Garrett 1810–1877) 1095:In 1999, the Kotses family bought the company. 1010:1987–1999 – A. M. Bickford & Sons again ... 792:Felton Grimwade & Bickford Ltd. (1902–1930) 492: 451:Edward Bickford (30 May 1849 – 7 January 1907, 309: 271:was one of the first manufacturing chemists in 2097:Felton Grimwade & Bickford Ltd (1902–1930) 2058:Drug Houses of Australia Ltd (DHA) (1930–1974) 1958:7 September 1927 p.19 accessed 31 January 2011 1446:. Trove.nla.gov.au. Retrieved on 16 July 2013. 926:A.M. Bickford & Sons Ltd, South Australia 278:In the late 1960s, DHA became the target of a 1933: 1931: 1748:, 23 December 1872. Retrieved 31 January 2011 1708:, SA Memory, State Library of South Australia 1546:31 January 1863 p.3 accessed 10 February 2011 808:most ties with the Adelaide firm and family. 804:and after a few years decided to amalgamate. 726:Somerton Crippled Children's Home, about 1939 582: 2352: 2171: 2169: 2167: 2165: 2068: 2066: 1943:28 April 1923 p.18 accessed 31 January 2011 1701: 1699: 1571:dates from gravestone in St Jude's Cemetery 1554: 1552: 1501:16 June 1853 p. 3 accessed 10 February 2011 2013:– via National Library of Australia. 2002:Murray Pioneer and Australian River Record 1985:– via National Library of Australia. 1928: 1911: 1909: 1907: 1905: 1903: 1901: 1895:, Photo Album, pp.16–17, www.bickfords.net 1622:http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article37166906 1618:http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article47089221 1598:– via National Library of Australia. 1402:18 February 1873 p.6 accessed 4 March 2011 1372:18 November 1863 p.1 accessed 5 March 2011 1272:31 March 1898 p.6 accessed 31 January 2011 944:Elliott Brothers Limited, New South Wales 305:Foundation & establishment (1839–1864) 2075:, 8 September 1934, The Advertiser, pg.23 2045:1 July 1930 p.16 accessed 1 February 2011 1426:visited her grandparents home village of 1336:27 October 1863 p.4 accessed 5 March 2011 1306:"Benacre" was named after the village of 1261: 1259: 1257: 1255: 1253: 1057:Learn how and when to remove this message 812:A. M. Bickford & Sons Ltd (1903–1930) 501:William Bickford Jr. (1841–1916), ca.1900 2162: 2063: 1862:09 Apr 1903 – Rough Weather on the Coast 1815:23 October 1876 accessed 7 February 2011 1696: 1637: 1635: 1633: 1549: 815: 721: 637: 504: 496: 398: 394: 313: 1898: 1686: 1684: 1682: 1680: 2392: 2053: 2051: 1346: 1344: 1342: 1250: 1217: 1215: 1213: 932:Duerdin & Sainsbury Ltd, Victoria 414:. It ceased being advertised in 1888. 1672:A. M. Bickford & Sons (1863–1930) 1630: 1430:and married Henry T. Adams of nearby 1192: 1190: 1188: 1186: 1184: 1182: 1180: 1178: 1176: 1174: 1172: 1170: 659:A. M. Bickford & Sons (1871–1903) 634:A. M. Bickford & Sons (1864–1930) 2373:. IDG Communications. 31 March 2014. 2121:Felton Grimwade & Co (1867–1930) 2085:Duerdin and Sainsbury Ltd (? – 1930) 1742:The South Australian Cordial Factory 1677: 1387:12 June 1865 p.1 accessed 4 May 2011 1238: 1168: 1166: 1164: 1162: 1160: 1158: 1156: 1154: 1152: 1150: 1013: 904:Drug Houses of Australia (1930–1974) 424: 2400:Economic history of South Australia 2109:Elliott Brothers Limited (? – 1930) 2048: 1711: 1353:, The Letters of William Bickford, 1339: 1224:, The Letters of William Bickford, 1210: 951:Felton Grimwade & Co, Victoria 748: 13: 2346: 1810:Messrs. Bickford's Cordial Factory 1458:, Death notice, 20 February 1907, 1029:tone or style may not reflect the 1006:Grimwade & Bosisto's Pty Ltd. 344:on 15 February 1839 on the barque 14: 2421: 2405:History of companies of Australia 2378: 2223:, South Australian National Trust 1730:City of Adelaide Thematic History 1482:, p. 4. Retrieved 8 February 2011 1478:, Death notice, 24 January 1883, 1462:, pg.6. Retrieved 8 February 2011 1351:Adelaide's first chemist (part 2) 1310:in Suffolk, and the neighbouring 1147: 956:Taylors Elliotts Ltd, Queensland 672:Expansion and move into wholesale 550:Norman Forsyth Bickford (1881 – ) 1644:The Register 7 September 1927 p8 1511:Adelaide Educational Institution 1496:Adelaide Educational Institution 1039:guide to writing better articles 1018: 468:Adelaide Educational Institution 318:William Bickford Sr. (1815–1850) 2353:Blair Speedy (12 August 2013). 2293: 2281: 2269: 2257: 2238: 2226: 2207: 2188: 2150: 2138: 2126: 2114: 2102: 2090: 2078: 2033: 2017: 1989: 1961: 1946: 1879: 1867: 1855: 1843: 1827: 1818: 1803: 1780: 1764: 1751: 1735: 1723: 1647: 1611: 1602: 1574: 1565: 1534: 1519: 1504: 1489: 1469: 1449: 1437: 1420: 1405: 1390: 1375: 1360: 1245:The letters of William Bickford 1144:, 9 February 2014, News Limited 1123:South Australian food and drink 929: 923: 743:Crippled Children's Association 433:unnamed Bickford on 6 June 1840 1834:New Home for Crippled Children 1324: 1300: 1282: 1135: 776:, where he died of pneumonia. 647:Bickford & Son (1864–1871) 1: 2133:Taylor-Elliotts Ltd ( – 1930) 1514:The South Australian Register 1499:The South Australian Register 1200:pub. Ronald F. Bickford 1990 1128: 918:The companies involved were: 149:A. M. Bickford & Sons Ltd 2385:Bickford's Australia website 1541:Dinner to Auld Frew and King 1444:11 Sep 1884 – Family Notices 835:and plant for manufacturing 717: 596:South Australian Jockey Club 493:William Bickford (1841–1916) 429:The second generation were: 310:William Bickford (1815–1850) 192:Bickford's Australia Pty Ltd 7: 2410:Companies based in Adelaide 2278:, www.wheelandbarrow.com.au 1385:South Australian Advertiser 1334:South Australian Advertiser 1278:locations and its business. 1116: 908:In 1930, a holding company 877:added. Like its competitor 845: 485:, returning members of the 10: 2426: 1798:South Australian Directory 1331:South Australian Institute 1103:Salisbury, South Australia 963:Rocke Thompsitt, Victoria 583:Harry Bickford (1843–1927) 455:, New York, United States) 381:South Australian Institute 18: 2290:, www.karma-living.com.au 2214:2006 Heritage Icon Awards 2145:Rocke Thompsitt ( – 1930) 1775:South Australian Register 1732:, adelaidecitycouncil.com 1720:Australian Postal History 1544:South Australian Register 1529:South Australian Register 1415:South Australian Register 1400:South Australian Register 1370:South Australian Register 1295:, 8 April 1843, p.1 col.1 1293:South Australian Register 917: 487:Stuart's sixth expedition 368:, "just 3 miles from the 250: 242: 232: 220: 212: 204: 200:Limited liability company 196: 184:Adelaide, South Australia 179: 171: 161: 157:Limited liability company 153: 132: 127:Adelaide, South Australia 122: 114: 106: 96: 88: 84:A. M. Bickford & Sons 69: 64:Adelaide, South Australia 59: 51: 43: 33: 16:Australian beverage maker 1921:17 February 2011 at the 1891:17 February 2011 at the 1792:17 February 2011 at the 1222:Adelaide's first chemist 910:Drug Houses of Australia 770:Harding William Bickford 2024:Sal Vital Advertisement 1997:"Sold Sedna and Maltox" 1953:Death of Harry Bickford 1886:General Price List 1926 1759:A M Bickford & Sons 1317:18 January 2015 at the 666:A.M. Bickford and Sons' 269:A. M. Bickford and Sons 165:Pharmaceutical chemist, 100:Pharmaceutical chemist, 2233:2012 Product Catalogue 2219:25 August 2006 at the 2195:2010 Product Catalogue 2181:27 August 2010 at the 2073:Interpretation of Will 1874:07 Aug 1919 – Personal 900:, first went on sale. 821: 727: 643: 515:William Bickford (jr.) 510: 502: 404: 319: 140:William Bickford (jr.) 39:pharmaceutical chemist 1938:A Story of Enterprise 1718:Wm. Bickford, Chemist 819: 786:Leslie Bruce Bickford 725: 641: 508: 500: 419:West Terrace Cemetery 408:Ann Margaret Bickford 402: 395:Ann Margaret Bickford 317: 208:Beverage manufacturer 167:beverage manufacturer 138:Ann Margaret Bickford 118:Ann Margaret Bickford 102:beverage manufacturer 77:Ann Margaret Bickford 29:Wm. Bickford, chemist 2250:9 April 2013 at the 2200:4 March 2012 at the 1198:An Alchemist's Dream 370:Adelaide city centre 298:Bickford's Australia 21:Bickford's Australia 2254:, www.bickfords.net 2235:, www.bickfords.net 2204:, www.bickfords.net 2185:, www.bickfords.net 1852:, www.novita.org.au 1693:, www.bickfords.net 1526:Old Scholars Dinner 1266:Mr Harding Bickford 561:St. Peter's College 193: 150: 85: 30: 2276:Wheel & Barrow 1691:Bickford's History 1654:The Copper Revival 822: 728: 644: 511: 503: 405: 320: 191: 148: 83: 28: 2307:. 9 February 2014 1196:Scales, Marjorie 1067: 1066: 1059: 1033:used on Knowledge 1031:encyclopedic tone 967: 966: 780:Reginald Bickford 653:Bickford and Son' 544:) (b.7 June 1878) 481:, James Frew and 425:Second generation 266: 265: 189: 188: 146: 145: 81: 80: 2417: 2374: 2362: 2340: 2339: 2337: 2335: 2316: 2314: 2312: 2297: 2291: 2285: 2279: 2273: 2267: 2261: 2255: 2245:Bickford's Group 2242: 2236: 2230: 2224: 2211: 2205: 2192: 2186: 2176:Company Timeline 2173: 2160: 2154: 2148: 2142: 2136: 2130: 2124: 2118: 2112: 2106: 2100: 2094: 2088: 2082: 2076: 2070: 2061: 2055: 2046: 2040:Firms amalgamate 2037: 2031: 2021: 2015: 2014: 2012: 2010: 1993: 1987: 1986: 1984: 1982: 1974:Queensland Times 1965: 1959: 1950: 1944: 1935: 1926: 1913: 1896: 1883: 1877: 1871: 1865: 1859: 1853: 1847: 1841: 1831: 1825: 1822: 1816: 1807: 1801: 1784: 1778: 1768: 1762: 1755: 1749: 1739: 1733: 1727: 1721: 1715: 1709: 1703: 1694: 1688: 1675: 1669: 1660: 1651: 1645: 1639: 1628: 1615: 1609: 1606: 1600: 1599: 1597: 1595: 1578: 1572: 1569: 1563: 1560:William Ferguson 1556: 1547: 1538: 1532: 1523: 1517: 1508: 1502: 1493: 1487: 1473: 1467: 1453: 1447: 1441: 1435: 1424: 1418: 1409: 1403: 1394: 1388: 1379: 1373: 1364: 1358: 1348: 1337: 1328: 1322: 1304: 1298: 1286: 1280: 1263: 1248: 1242: 1236: 1219: 1208: 1194: 1145: 1139: 1062: 1055: 1051: 1048: 1042: 1041:for suggestions. 1037:See Knowledge's 1022: 1021: 1014: 915: 914: 887:sting operations 861:"Maltox" was a " 837:absolute alcohol 749:Third generation 706:and then up the 685:Stephen Bickford 385:Francis Faulding 323:William Bickford 280:corporate raider 262: 259: 257: 225:Salisbury South, 194: 190: 151: 147: 86: 82: 75:William Bickford 55:William Bickford 31: 27: 2425: 2424: 2420: 2419: 2418: 2416: 2415: 2414: 2390: 2389: 2381: 2365: 2349: 2347:Further reading 2344: 2343: 2333: 2331: 2318: 2317: 2310: 2308: 2299: 2298: 2294: 2286: 2282: 2274: 2270: 2262: 2258: 2252:Wayback Machine 2243: 2239: 2231: 2227: 2221:Wayback Machine 2212: 2208: 2202:Wayback Machine 2193: 2189: 2183:Wayback Machine 2174: 2163: 2155: 2151: 2143: 2139: 2131: 2127: 2119: 2115: 2107: 2103: 2095: 2091: 2083: 2079: 2071: 2064: 2056: 2049: 2038: 2034: 2022: 2018: 2008: 2006: 1995: 1994: 1990: 1980: 1978: 1967: 1966: 1962: 1951: 1947: 1936: 1929: 1923:Wayback Machine 1914: 1899: 1893:Wayback Machine 1884: 1880: 1872: 1868: 1860: 1856: 1848: 1844: 1832: 1828: 1823: 1819: 1808: 1804: 1794:Wayback Machine 1785: 1781: 1769: 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Auld 472:alma mater 462:, England) 354:Portsmouth 258:.bickfords 234:Key people 134:Key people 71:Key people 974:Port Road 867:port wine 829:autoclave 802:Melbourne 718:Alvington 712:Wilcannia 704:Wentworth 2248:Archived 2217:Archived 2198:Archived 2179:Archived 1919:Archived 1889:Archived 1790:Archived 1642:Obituary 1315:Archived 1117:See also 846:Products 774:Brisbane 760:branch. 587:Her son 453:Brooklyn 338:Plymouth 205:Industry 162:Industry 97:Industry 34:Industry 1916:History 1850:History 1434:, Devon 1308:Benacre 708:Darling 693:Glenelg 542:Geelong 374:Benacre 346:Platina 251:Website 213:Founded 172:Founded 115:Founder 107:Founded 52:Founder 44:Founded 2334:30 May 2311:30 May 1412:Deaths 1204: 700:Murray 576:merino 412:Kadina 879:Sedna 869:with 863:tonic 798:Perth 758:Perth 331:Devon 243:Owner 2336:2014 2313:2014 2011:2016 1983:2016 1596:2016 1202:ISBN 873:and 831:, a 282:and 260:.net 216:1991 175:1903 110:1864 47:1839 889:". 710:to 387:). 329:of 256:www 2396:: 2369:. 2357:. 2322:. 2303:. 2164:^ 2065:^ 2050:^ 2026:, 1999:. 1971:. 1930:^ 1900:^ 1836:, 1761:". 1744:, 1698:^ 1679:^ 1664:^ 1632:^ 1624:, 1620:, 1584:. 1551:^ 1341:^ 1291:, 1268:, 1252:^ 1212:^ 1149:^ 980:. 976:, 839:. 301:. 2361:. 2338:. 2315:. 1321:. 1060:) 1054:( 1049:) 1045:( 1035:. 664:' 537:. 23:.

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