Hip hop music - Knowledge

10889: 6989:. During this period of economic crisis, which the country's poor and black populations especially hard, hip hop became a way for the country's Afro-descended population to embrace their blackness and articulate a demand for racial equality for black people in Cuba. The idea of blackness and black liberation was not always compatible with the goals of the Cuban government, which was still operating under the idea that a raceless society was the correct realization of the Cuban Revolution. When hip-hop emerged, the Cuban government opposed the vulgar image that rappers portrayed, but later accepted that it might be better to have hip-hop under the influence of the Ministry of Culture as an authentic expression of Cuban Culture. Rappers who explicitly speak about race or racism in Cuba are still under scrutiny by the government. An annual Cuban hip hop concert, beginning in 1995, held at 10898:, Mark Fell, Edward Fox, Phil Freeman, Jason Gross, Alexander Hacke, Mike Hames, Andy Hamilton, Max Harrison, Richard Henderson, Tony Herrington, Ken Hollings, Simon Hopkins, David Ilic, David Keenan, Biba Kopf, Ulrich Krieger, Alan Licht, Eric Lumbleau, Lydia Lunch, Howard Mandel, Merzbow, Keith Moliné, Will Montgomery, Brian Morton, Joe Muggs, Alex Neilson, Andrew Nosnitsky, Kasper Opstrup, Ian Penman, Edwin Pouncey, Brian Priestley, Reinhold Friedl, Adrian Rew, Simon Reynolds, Sam Richards, Robin Rimbaud, Bruce Russell, Sarah Angliss, Irmin Schmidt, Peter Shapiro, Brian Shimkovitz, Mark Sinker, Mark E. Smith, Daniel Spicer, Joseph Stannard, Sue Steward, David Stubbs, Atao Tanaka, David Toop, Dan Warburton, Richard Whitelaw, Barry Witherden, Rob Young. 4128: 6461: 7121:, hip hop developed in the early 1980s. Master Dji and his songs "Vakans" and "Politik Pa m" are mostly credited with the rise of Haitian hip hop. What later became known as "Rap Kreyòl" grew in popularity in the late 1990s with King Posse and Original Rap Stuff. Due to cheaper recording technology and flows of equipment to Haiti, more Rap Kreyòl groups are recording songs, even after the January 12 earthquake. Haitian hip hop has recently become a way for artists of Haitian backgrounds in the Haiti and abroad to express their national identity and political opinions about their country of origin. Rappers have embraced the red and blue of the 2103:. This spoken style was influenced by the African American style of "capping", a performance where men tried to outdo each other in originality of their language and tried to gain the favor of the listeners. The basic elements of hip hop—boasting raps, rival "posses" (groups), uptown "throw-downs", and political and social commentary—were all long present in African American music. MCing and rapping performers moved back and forth between the predominance of songs packed with a mix of boasting, 'slackness' and sexual innuendo and a more topical, political, socially conscious style. The role of the MC originally was as a 6693: 1794: 5877:. The focal point of crunk is more often the beats and instrumental music rather than the lyrics. Crunk rappers, however, often shout and scream their lyrics, creating an aggressive, almost heavy, style of hip-hop. While other subgenres of hip-hop address sociopolitical or personal concerns, crunk is almost exclusively "party music", favoring call and response hip-hop slogans in lieu of more substantive approaches. Crunk helped southern hip hop gain mainstream prominence during this period, as the classic East and West Coast styles of the 1990s gradually lost dominance. 2120: 6942: 15957:

Toutefois membre d'un groupe local avec ses amis Baba et Kuamen(NCC: Nouveaux Clandés de la Cité, puis rebaptisé New City Connection) en parallèle, il délaissera finalement le sport afin de se consacrer pleinement à son activité artistique. A Londres, puisqu'il s'entrainait au centre de formation d'Arsenal, il se blesse grièvement au genoux et rentre à Paris. Quittant également NCC, il décide de s'immerger pleinement dans le rap. C'est l'occasion d'enchaîner plusieurs apparitions, notamment aux côtés de Rohff sur Code 187 (album "La Fierté des Nôtres").

7403: 3824: 2218:, which discussed the realities of life in the housing projects. "Young black Americans coming out of the civil rights movement have used hip hop culture in the 1980s and 1990s to show the limitations of the Hip Hop Movement." Hip hop gave young African Americans a voice to let their issues be heard; "Like rock-and-roll, hip hop is vigorously opposed by conservatives because it romanticises violence, law-breaking, and gangs". It also gave people a chance for financial gain by "reducing the rest of the world to consumers of its social concerns." 2909: 1482: 3382: 4428: 7539: 7149: 4489: 18832: 4419: 3425: 7794: 18451: 1994:, "Hip hop was born multicultural", gaining influences from African American and Anglo-Caribbean musical traditions, as well as African American and Latin American dancing traditions. Hip hop music in its infancy has been described as an outlet and a voice for the disenfranchised youth of marginalized backgrounds and low-income areas, as the hip hop culture reflected the social, economic and political realities of their lives. Many of the people who helped establish hip hop culture, including 6953:

regional scenes. It has emerged globally as a movement based upon the main tenets of hip hop culture. The music and the art continue to embrace, even celebrate, its transnational dimensions while staying true to the local cultures to which it is rooted. Hip-hop's impact differs depending on each culture. Still, the one thing virtually all hip hop artists worldwide have in common is that they acknowledge their debt to those African American people in New York who launched the global movement.

3335: 18820: 7780: 5986: 2302: 4474:). This rivalry started before the rappers themselves hit the scene. Because New York is the birthplace of hip-hop, artists from the West Coast felt as if they were not receiving the same media coverage and public attention as the East Coast. As time went on both rappers began to grow in fame and as they both became more known the tensions continued to arise. Eventually both artists were fatally shot following drive-by shootings by unknown assailants in 1997 and 1996, respectively. 1720:, a Southern genre that emphasized the beats and music more than the lyrics, and alternative hip hop began to secure a place in the mainstream, due in part to the crossover success of its artists. During the late 2000s and early 2010s "blog era", rappers were able to build up a following through online methods of music distribution, such as social media and blogs, and mainstream hip hop took on a more melodic, sensitive direction following the commercial decline of gangsta rap. The 5237: 9878:"With the invention of sound recording, it was only a matter of time until the device which records itself becomes the instrument. The moment in popular culture a sound playback device became the instrument was in early hip-hop. The use of the turntable, and particularly two turntables, is characteristic. You could set up two turntables with two identical records, and keep a break going forever. So the birth of sampling coincided with the birth of...the idea of the loop." 4744: 4853: 5014: 3679: 18399: 6858:. They have been characterized as usually having moody, sad undertones, and usually feature lo-fi rough production. The genre has been met with criticism for its perceived low effort in lyrics and production, and the problematic nature of the artists to arise from it, such as Lil Peep's drug abuse that led to his death, the multiple assault charges to XXXTentacion, 6ix9ine pleading guilty to using a child in a sexual performance, and the murder charges on 7005: 6387: 5670: 2207:, stated that "hip hop saved a lot of lives". For inner-city youth, participating in hip hop culture became a way of dealing with the hardships of life as minorities within America, and an outlet to deal with the risk of violence and the rise of gang culture. MC Kid Lucky mentions that "people used to break-dance against each other instead of fighting". Inspired by DJ Kool Herc, Afrika Bambaataa created a street organization called 11779: 1773:, on page 296; the definition is this dictionary is: "Hip-hop, adv. [v. hip + hop v.; or re-duplication of hop, with alternation of lighter and heavier vowel : cf. drip-drop, tip-top: With hopping movement; with successive hops." A similar phrase "hippity hop" of unknown origin goes to least back to the 1800s and appears in a poem, "Spring Weather", written by Elizabeth Cummings published in an 1882 children's magazine called 6134: 2022: 7343: 6191: 5361: 7557:, a music genre that emphasizes African culture and social issues. Rappers such as Pope Troy have harnessed the use of socio-economic issues plaguing the political spheres of South Africa and hip-hop as a whole whilst balancing his lingual approach in order to communicate with the masses about the technical aspects that are creating the issues, South African hip hop has evolved into a prominent presence in mainstream 3238: 4599: 5521: 3753: 8197:: Rap, musical style in which rhythmic and/or rhyming speech is chanted ("rapped") to musical accompaniment. This backing music, which can include digital sampling (music and sounds extracted from other recordings by a DJ), is also called hip-hop, the name used to refer to a broader cultural movement that includes rap, deejaying (turntable manipulation), graffiti painting, and break dancing. 11789: 3421:'s first album was created with the help of large tape loops. The process of looping a break into a breakbeat now became more commonly done with a sampler, now doing the job which so far had been done manually by the DJs using turntables. In 1989, DJ Mark James, under the moniker "45 King", released "The 900 Number", a breakbeat track created by synchronizing samplers and vinyl records. 5817: 7766: 5892: 2167:". Herc and other DJs would connect their equipment to power lines and perform at venues such as public basketball courts and at 1520 Sedgwick Avenue, Bronx, New York, now officially a historic building. The equipment consisted of numerous speakers, turntables, and one or more microphones. By using this technique, DJs could create a variety of music, but according to 3716:-led minimalism, with influences from rock music, a hip hop "metal music for the 80s–a hard-edge ugly/beauty trance as desperate and stimulating as New York itself." It was notable for taunts and boasts about rapping, and socio-political commentary, both delivered in an aggressive, self-assertive style. In image as in song its artists projected a tough, cool, street 2782:), where he even used a New York accent, consciously aiming at the new NYC rap market. The Jamaican DJ dance music was deeply rooted in the sound system tradition that made music available to poor people in a very poor country where live music was only played in clubs and hotels patronized by the middle and upper classes. By 1973 Jamaican sound system enthusiast 6866: 4231:" in 1984—won critical approval, but rap, mostly, was dismissed as a passing fancy—too repetitious, too one dimensional. Yet rap didn't go away, and an explosion of energy and imagination in the late 1980s leaves rap today as arguably the most vital new street-oriented sound in pop since the birth of rock in the 1950s. 2263:, as an influential African American celebrity, was widely covered in the media. Ali influenced several elements of hip hop music. Both in the boxing ring and in media interviews, Ali became known in the 1960s for being "rhyming trickster". Ali used a "funky delivery" for his comments, which included "boasts, comical 7259:, which are beginning to affect the French population in general and to record the first significant commercial successes. Finally, from the 2010s, French-speaking rap experienced a rather paradoxical period of innovation, the logical start of new experiments that opened up French rap to new musical genres, such as 2816:

scatological theme, in an effort to differentiate themselves and to entertain the audience. These early raps incorporated the dozens, a product of African American culture. Kool Herc & the Herculoids were the first hip hop group to gain recognition in New York, but the number of MC teams increased over time.

5696:(IDM). Both glitch hop and wonky music frequently reflect the experimental nature of IDM and the heavy bass featured in dubstep songs. While trip hop has been described as being a distinct British upper-middle class take on hip-hop, glitch-hop and wonky music have much more stylistic diversity. Both genres are 6956:

Hispanics and people from the Caribbean played an integral role in the early development of hip hop in New York, and the style spread to almost every country in that region. Hip hop first developed in the South Bronx, which had a high Hispanic, particularly Puerto Rican, population in the 1970s. Some

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in their music from a very early stage. Second, the continuing display of resistance in hip-hop has continuously attracted new generations of rebellious fans. Third, owing to the subcultural ideal of rising from the underground, the hip hop scene has remained committed to its urban roots. Fourth, the

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and many others. As the tradition of remix (which also started in Jamaica where it was called 'version' and 'dub') developed, established young Jamaican DJ/rappers from that period, who had already been working for sound systems for years, were suddenly recorded and had many local hit records, widely

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and local music styles. In Jamaica, DJs would set up large roadside sound systems in towns and villages, playing music for informal gatherings, mostly folks who wandered down from country hills looking for excitement at the end of the week. There the DJs would allow 'Toasts' by an Emcee, which copied

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in the United States and led to the rise of that music in Venezuela as well. Venezuelan rappers in the 1990s generally modeled their music after gangsta rap, embracing and attempting to redefine negative stereotypes about poor and black youth as dangerous and materialistic and incorporating socially

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as a turning point for hip hop. West emerged the victor, selling nearly a million copies in the first week alone, proving that innovative rap music could be just as commercially viable as gangsta rap, if not more so. Although he designed it as a melancholic pop album rather than a rap album, Kanye's

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The lyrical content and other instrumental accompaniment of hip hop developed as well. The early lyrical styles in the 1970, which tended to be boasts and clichéd chants, were replaced with metaphorical lyrics exploring a wider range of subjects. As well, the lyrics were performed over more complex,

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Hip hop as music and culture formed during the 1970s in New York City from the multicultural exchange between African American youth from the United States and young immigrants and children of immigrants from countries in the Caribbean. Some were influenced by the vocal style of the earliest African

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deejaying, where the breaks of funk songs—the part most suited to dance, usually percussion-based—were isolated and repeated for the purpose of all-night dance parties. This form of music playback, using hard funk and rock, formed the basis of hip hop music. Campbell's announcements and exhortations

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list of "World's Most Influential people" for having "global influence across many genres." Global-themed movements have also sprung out of the international hip-hop scene with microgenres like "Islamic Eco-Rap" addressing issues of worldwide importance through traditionally disenfranchised voices.

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adds: "The thing that made that era so great is that nothing was contrived. Everything was still being discovered and everything was still innovative and new". Writer William Jelani Cobb says "what made the era they inaugurated worthy of the term golden was the sheer number of stylistic innovations

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allowed not only more memory but more flexibility for creative production. This allowed the filtration and layering different hits, and with a possibility of re-sequencing them into a single piece. With the emergence of a new generation of samplers such as the AKAI S900 in the late 1980s, producers

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speaking the same rhyming, cadence laden rap style. Once the white owned stations realized the new upstarts were grabbing their black market share and that Big Band and swing jazz was no longer 'hip', some white DJ's emulated the southern 'mushmouth' and jive talk, letting their audience think they

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Hip hop's early evolution occurred around the time that sampling technology and drum-machines became widely available to the general public at a cost that was affordable to the average consumer—not just professional studios. Drum-machines and samplers were combined in machines that came to be known

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Amidst its evolution, hip hop has also been a vehicle for social commentary and political expression, reflecting the struggles and aspirations of marginalized communities. From its roots in the Bronx to its global reach today, hip hop has served as a voice for the disenfranchised, shedding light on

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criticized the genre. "The reason why rap is under attack is because it exposes all the contradictions of American culture ...What started out as an underground art form has become a vehicle to expose a lot of critical issues that are not usually discussed in American politics. The problem here is

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Many black rappers—including Ice-T and Sister Souljah—contend that they are being unfairly singled out because their music reflects deep changes in society not being addressed anywhere else in the public forum. The white politicians, the artists complain, neither understand the music nor desire to

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DJ Kool Herc's house parties gained popularity and later moved to outdoor venues to accommodate more people. Hosted in parks, these outdoor parties became a means of expression and an outlet for teenagers, where "instead of getting into trouble on the streets, teens now had a place to expend their

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refined and developed the use of breakbeats, including cutting and scratching. As turntable manipulation continued to evolve a new technique that came from it was needle dropping. Needle dropping was created by Grandmaster Flash, it is prolonged short drum breaks by playing two copies of a record

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for a DJ dance event. The MC would introduce the DJ and try to pump up the audience. The MC spoke between the DJ's songs, urging everyone to get up and dance. MCs would also tell jokes and use their energetic language and enthusiasm to rev up the crowd. Eventually, this introducing role developed

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français. Concepteur de l'émission H.I.P. H.O.P. en 1984 (1ère émission rap au monde diffusée à l'époque le dimanche à 14h00 avant Starsky & Hutch), ce Dj/rappeur/breakeur extravagant fait découvrir cette nouvelle tendance américaine aux Français, à peine remis de la vague disco, et crée des

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revealed that next studio album would be an experimental effort, stating, "... it's not gonna be a #1 album. That's where I'm at right now. I wanna make the most experimental album I ever made." Jay-Z elaborated that like Kanye, he was unsatisfied with contemporary hip hop, was being inspired by

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These elements contrasted sharply with much of the previous funk- and disco-influenced hip hop groups, whose music was often characterized by novelty hits, live bands, synthesizers, and "party rhymes" (not all artists prior to 1983–84 had these styles). New-school artists made shorter songs that

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Japanese hip hop is said to have begun when Hiroshi Fujiwara returned to Japan and started playing hip hop records in the early 1980s. Japanese hip hop generally tends to be most directly influenced by old school hip hop, taking the era's catchy beats, dance culture, and overall fun and carefree

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grime industry. Despite its controversial nature, grime has had a major effect on British fashion and pop music, with many young working-class youth emulating the clothing worn by grime stars like Dizzee Rascal and Wiley. There are many subgenres of grime, including "Rhythm and Grime", a mix of

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It is hard to pinpoint the exact musical influences that most affected the sound and culture of early hip hop because of the multicultural nature of New York—hip hop's early pioneers were influenced by a mix of cultures, due to the city's diversity. The city experienced a heavy Jamaican hip hop

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Pour raviver les souvenirs liés à Sefyu, il faut se reporter au début des années 2 000. Youssef Soukouna n'était à l'origine même pas dévoué au rap. Là ou il témoigne d'un talent précoce en rédigeant ses premières rimes assez tôt, c'est d'avantage sa maîtrise du ballon rond qui le caractérise.

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and call and response. Dancehall music and hip from the United States are both popular music in Puerto Rico, and reggaeton is the cumulation of different musical traditions founded by Afro-descended people in the Caribbean and the United States. Some of reggaeton's most popular artists include

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Hip-hop music has reached the cultural corridors of the globe and has been absorbed and reinvented around the world. Hip hop music expanded beyond the US, often blending local styles with hip hop. Hip hop has globalized into many cultures worldwide, as evident through the emergence of numerous

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music, as disco also emphasized the key role of the DJ in creating tracks and mixes for dancers, and old school hip hop often used disco tracks as beats. At the same time however, hip hop music was also a backlash against certain subgenres of late 1970s disco. While the early disco was African

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and others. A character in the play named Bayes says: "Ay, is’t not, I gad, ha? For, to go off hip hop, hip hop, upon this occasion, is a thousand times better than any conclusion in the world, I gad." This play and two other later sources are mentioned as an entry "Hip-hop" in a multi-volume

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subgenres have become the most popular form of hip hop during the mid-late 2010s and early 2020s. In 2017, rock music was usurped by hip hop as the most popular genre in the United States. In recent years, hip hop's influence has transcended musical boundaries, impacting fashion, language, and

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would have a significant effect on hip hop music. While his decision to sing about love, loneliness, and heartache for the entirety of the album was at first heavily criticized by music audiences and the album was predicted to be a flop, its subsequent critical acclaim and commercial success

3315:, introduced social commentary from a sci-fi perspective. In the 1970s, hip hop music typically used samples from funk and later, from disco. The mid-1980s marked a paradigm shift in the development of hip hop, with the introduction of samples from rock music, as demonstrated in the albums 2815:

would often add call and response chants, often consisting of a basic chorus, to allow the performer to gather his thoughts (e.g. "one, two, three, y'all, to the beat"). Later, the MCs grew more varied in their vocal and rhythmic delivery, incorporating brief rhymes, often with a sexual or

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have used their platforms to address systemic injustices, fostering dialogue and inspiring activism. Hip hop's ability to confront societal issues while simultaneously providing a form of empowerment and self-expression has solidified its significance beyond mere entertainment, making it a

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records were generally short, Herc and other DJs began using two turntables to extend the breaks. On August 11, 1973, DJ Kool Herc was the DJ at his sister's back-to-school party. He extended the beat of a record by using two record players, isolating the percussion "breaks" by using a

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received high acclaim from music critics, and appealed to a wide range of listeners, being that it spanned numerous musical genres – including rap, rock, R&B, punk, jazz, indie, country, pop, electronica, and gospel. The album also spawned two number-one hit singles, and has been

6082:, he claims that hip hop had changed from "clever rhymes and dance beats" to "advocating personal, social and criminal corruption." Despite the fall in record sales throughout the music industry, hip-hop had remained a popular genre, with hip-hop artists still regularly topping the 5768:

music label, under the influence of glitch hop and dubstep. Wonky music is of the same glitchy style as glitch hop, but it was specifically noted for its melodies, rich with "mid-range unstable synths". Scotland has become one of the most prominent wonky scenes, with artists like

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to dancers would lead to the syncopated, rhymed spoken accompaniment now known as rapping. He dubbed his dancers "break-boys" and "break-girls", or simply "b-boys" and "b-girls". According to Herc, "breaking" was also street slang for "getting excited" and "acting energetically".

2060:, and was largely introduced into New York by immigrants from the Caribbean, including DJ Kool Herc, one of the pioneers of hip hop. Herc has repeatedly denied any direct connections between Jamaican musical traditions and early hip hop, stating that his own biggest influence was 2198:

saw widespread looting, arson, and other citywide disorders especially in the Bronx where a number of looters stole DJ equipment from electronics stores. As a result, the hip hop genre, barely known outside of the Bronx at the time, grew at an astounding rate from 1977 onward.

3089:, the early days of hip hop were characterized by divisions between fans and detractors of disco music. Hip hop had largely emerged as "a direct response to the watered down, Europeanised, disco music that permeated the airwaves". The earliest hip hop was mainly based on hard 3724:

could more easily gain radio play, and they produced more cohesive LP albums than their old-school counterparts. By 1986, their releases began to establish the hip-hop album as a fixture of mainstream music. Hip hop music became commercially successful, as exemplified by the

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referred to 1994 as "a renaissance of New York Hip-Hop." The productions of RZA, particularly for the Wu-Tang Clan, became influential with artists such as Mobb Deep due to the combination of somewhat detached instrumental loops, highly compressed and processed drums, and

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The 1980s marked the diversification of hip hop as the genre developed more complex styles. New York City became a veritable laboratory for the creation of new hip hop sounds. Early examples of the diversification process can be heard in tracks such as Grandmaster Flash's

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Due in part to the increasing use of music distribution through social media and blogging, many alternative and non-alternative rappers found acceptance by far-reaching audiences, hence why this era of hip hop is sometimes termed the "blog era". Several artists, such as

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Hip hop has been described as a "mainstream subculture". The main reasons why hip hop culture secured its subcultural authority despite becoming a part of the mass media and mainstream industries can be summarized as follows. First, hip hop artists promoted symbolic and

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magazine found that, since 2000, rap sales dropped 44%, and declined to 10% of all music sales, which, while still a commanding figure when compared to other genres, is a significant drop from the 13% of all music sales where rap music regularly placed. According to

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loops sourced from vintage funk records. By 1979, disco instrumental loops/tracks had become the basis of much hip hop music. This genre was called "disco rap". Ironically, the rise of hip hop music also played a role in the eventual decline in disco's popularity.

1905:, later author of a 1984 history of hip hop. Hip hop and rap music are often used interchangeably but the term "hip hop" has also been historically used to describe a culture of which music is a part. Historically hip hop is a cultural movement that emerged in the 1866:

is credited with first using the term as a five element culture of which the music belonged; although it is also suggested that it was sometimes used as a derogatory term. The term was used in an article of February 24, 1979 by reporter Robert Flipping Jr. in the

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were American DJs who were listened to at night from broadcast transmitters located in Miami, Florida. Jocko came to have an outsized influence on Jamaican Emcees during the '50s as the R&B music played on the Miami stations was different from that played on

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Other journalists say the music is just as popular as it ever was, but that fans have found other means to consume the music, such as illegally downloading music through P2P networks, instead of purchasing albums and singles from legitimate stores. For example,

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popularized black appeal radio, it was the language of the black youth, the double entendres and slightly obscene wordplay was a godsend to radio, re-invigorating ratings at flagging outlets that were losing audience share and flipping to the new format of

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became successful in the early 1980s, releasing records at a furious pace in response to the demand generated by local radio stations and club DJs. Early 1980s electro music and rap were catalysts that sparked the hip hop movement, led by artists such as

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N.W.A is the group most frequently associated with the founding of gangsta rap. Their lyrics were more violent, openly confrontational, and shocking than those of established rap acts, featuring incessant profanity and, controversially, use of the word

2952:", from 1979. It was the first hip hop record to gain widespread popularity in the mainstream and was where hip hop music got its name from (from the opening bar). However, much controversy surrounds this assertion as some regard the March 1979 single " 2943:

is credited as the first hip hop DJ to create a "mixed plate," or mixed dub recording, when, in 1977, he combined sound bites, special effects and paused beats to technically produce a sound recording. The first hip hop record is widely regarded to be

5631:, being only the second rap album to do so. Previously, alternative hip hop acts had attained much critical acclaim, but received relatively little exposure through radio and other media outlets; during this time, alternative hip hop artists such as 4348:

Despite the lack of support from some black radio stations, hip hop became a best-selling music genre in the mid-1990s and the top selling music genre by 1999 with 81 million CDs sold. By the late 1990s hip hop was artistically dominated by the

8386:: Hip-hop, cultural movement that attained widespread popularity in the 1980s and '90s; also, the backing music for rap, the musical style incorporating rhythmic and/or rhyming speech that became the movement's most lasting and influential art form. 6634:, stated that the "game has changed. It's different. The standards are different, the criteria that's taken into consideration in determining validity is different. We're at a point in history where lyricism almost comes last in very many regards." 3767:

Hip hop's "golden age" (or "golden era") is a name given to a period in mainstream hip hop, produced between the mid-1980s and the mid-1990s, which is characterized by its diversity, quality, innovation and influence. There were strong themes of

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charts. Jay-Z represented the cultural triumph of hip hop in this era. As his career progressed, he went from performing artist to entrepreneur, label president, head of a clothing line, club owner, and market consultant—along the way breaking

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brought a style called J-rap to the top of the charts in the middle of the 1990s. Of particular importance is the influence on East Asian nations, where hip hop music has become fused with local popular music to form different styles such as

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writes: "Father Amde Hamilton of the influential rap precursors the Watts Prophets once told me that, when he was growing up along Central Avenue in 1950s Los Angeles, the older folks used to call teen house parties 'them old hippity hops'."

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arose during block parties, as b-boys and b-girls got in front of the audience to dance in a distinctive and frenetic style. The style was documented for release to a worldwide audience for the first time in documentaries and movies such as

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becoming successful. Although it is immensely popular, many British politicians criticize the music for what they see as promoting theft and murder, similar to gangsta rap in America. These criticisms have been deemed racist by the mostly

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because of the controversy surrounding "Cop Killer". Ice-T suggested that the furor over the song was an overreaction, telling journalist Chuck Philips "...they've done movies about nurse killers and teacher killers and student killers.

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of the Bronx contributed to the birth of hip hop in New York, and although it was downplayed in most US books about hip hop, the main root of this sound system culture was Jamaican. The roots of rap in Jamaica are explained in detail in

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By the early 1980s, all the major elements and techniques of the hip hop genre were in place, and by 1982, the electronic (electro) sound had become the trend on the street and in dance clubs. New York City radio station WKTU featured

2972:", in a commercial to promote the station's signature sound of emerging hip hop Though not yet mainstream, hip hop had begun to permeate the music scene outside of New York City; it could be found in cities as diverse as Los Angeles, 6622:" to describe the heavily auto-tuned, and sometimes hard to understand- delivery of verses from a majority of the artists. Artists longstanding within the genre have had their own comments regarding the rise of mumble rap, such as 2646:

the style of the American DJs listened to on AM transistor radios. It was by this method that Jive talk, rapping and rhyming was transposed to the island and locally the style was transformed by 'Jamaican lyricism', or the local

1895:. Holman stating "Hip hop: the all inclusive tag for the rapping, breaking, graffiti-writing, crew fashion wearing street sub-culture." The term gained further currency in September of that year in another Bambaataa interview in 7207:, hip hop music developed itself from the end of the 80s. It can be divided into three eras: The classical period, which extends from the end of the 1980s to the beginning of the 2000s marked by a majority of black artists like 1777:. The illustrated poem begins "Hippity hop to the candy Shop four little men in a row" and the phrase appears a few more times. The hopping depicted in the illustration seems to crossover later to describing dances such as the 2075:

In a 2020 interview, DJ Kool Herc's sister Cindy Campbell said that she wanted Jamaica to reclaim hip hop because, as she put it, “we are the ones who bought the style and the technique to America, which became hip-hop.”

6397:

Trap music is a subgenre of Southern rap that originated in the early 1990s. It grew in the 2000s to become a mainstream sensation, eventually reaching ubiquity in the mid-late 2010s and frequently having songs top the

11336: 6420:

drum machine, layered synthesizers and an overall dark, ominous or bleak atmosphere. The strong influence of the sound led to other artists within the genre to move towards the trap sound, with a notable example being

4211:" became the first rap single to enter the national Top 20. Who ever figured then that the music would even be around in 1990, much less produce attractions that would command as much pop attention as Public Enemy and 6980:

In many Latin American countries, as in the U.S., hip hop has been a tool with which marginalized people can articulate their struggle. Hip hop grew steadily more popular in Cuba in the 1980s and 1990s through Cuba's

5872:

are among the most popular. The drum machine loops are usually accompanied by simple, repeated synthesizer melodies and heavy bass "stabs". The tempo of the music is somewhat slower than hip-hop, around the speed of

5716:

and a number of other cities have become hot spots for these scenes, and underground scenes have developed across the world in smaller communities. Both genres often pay homage to older and more well established

3036:

was, for many years, the only city whose contributions could be compared to New York City's. Hip hop music became popular in Philadelphia in the late 1970s. The first released record was titled "Rhythm Talk", by

2185:

at these parties were all artistic variations on the competition and one-upmanship of street gangs. Sensing that gang members' often violent urges could be turned into creative ones, Afrika Bambaataa founded the

14513: 6050:

which was met with negative reviews. Lack of sampling, a key element of early hip hop, has also been noted for the decrease in quality of modern albums. For example, there are only four samples used in 2008's

4535:. Although originally a "daisy age" conception stressing the positive aspects of life, darker material (such as De La Soul's thought-provoking "Millie Pulled a Pistol on Santa") soon crept in. Artists such as 3374:". The 808 was eventually used on more hit records than any other drum machine; its popularity with hip hop in particular has made it one of the most influential inventions in popular music, comparable to the 2806:

provided an influence on the vocal style of rapping by delivering simple poetry verses over funk music breaks, after party-goers showed little interest in their previous attempts to integrate reggae-infused

6335:

named after him that simulated the effect, called "I Am T-Pain". Eventually dubbed the "T-Pain effect", the use of Auto-Tune became a popular fixture of late 2000s and early 2010s hip hop, examples being

3562:

Prior to the 1980s, hip hop music was largely confined within the context of the United States. However, during the 1980s, it began its spread and became a part of the music scene in dozens of countries.

4398:

has prevented hip-hop music from excessive cultural dilution. Finally, the solidarity within the African American community has shielded the subculture from erosion through mainstream commercialization.

3934:" from the late 1980s to the late 1990s, during which hip hop albums earned an unprecedented critical recognition and "would be the measuring stick by which most of the genre's greats would be judged". 2147:

simultaneously and moving the needle on one turntable back to the start of the break while the other played. The approach used by Herc was soon widely copied, and by the late 1970s, DJs were releasing

10924: 14401: 2705:) as early as 1967, somehow rooted in the 'talking blues' tradition. The first full-length Jamaican DJ record was a duet on a Rastafarian topic by Kingston ghetto dwellers U-Roy and Peter Tosh named 2014:

influence during the 1990s. This influence was brought on by cultural shifts particularly because of the heightened immigration of Jamaicans to New York and the American-born Jamaican youth who were

4782:. On the East Coast, although the "big business" end of the market dominated matters commercially the late 1990s to early 2000s saw a number of relatively successful East Coast indie labels such as 8991: 8891: 4099:

and the attempts to censor it had racial overtones: "The Supreme Court says it's OK for a white man to burn a cross in public. But nobody wants a black man to write a record about a cop killer."

9683: 4215:? "Rapper's Delight" was a novelty record that was considered by much of the pop community simply as a lightweight offshoot of disco—and that image stuck for years. Occasional records—including 3354:

drum machines, with which users could create their own rhythms rather than having to use preset patterns. Though it was a commercial failure, over the course of the decade the 808 attracted a

2628:

at many stations were limited by the 'broadcast Day' as special licenses were required to transmit at night. Those that had such licenses were heard far out to sea and in the Caribbean, where

5115:, although it's finally convinced some gatekeeping generalists that it may be of enduring artistic value—a discovery to which they were beaten by millions of young consumers black and white. 3675:

nature and incorporating it into their music. Hip hop became one of the most commercially viable mainstream music genres in Japan, and the line between it and pop music is frequently blurred.

1704:

The popularity of hip hop music continued through the late 1990s to early-2000s "bling era" with hip hop influences increasingly finding their way into other genres of popular music, such as

2786:

moved to the Bronx, taking with him Jamaica's sound system culture, and teamed up with another Jamaican, Coke La Rock, at the mike. Although other influences, most notably musical sequencer

15210: 14084: 11688:"Cover Study: 'Arnold Schwarzenegger blew away dozens of cops as the Terminator. But I don't hear anybody complaining.': A Q & A with Ice-T about rock, race and the 'Cop Killer' furor" 2561:

nighttime R&B programming were never informed belonged not to a black D.J., as were other white DJ's at the station. Dr. Hep Cat's rhymes were published in a dictionary of jive talk,

14238: 12703: 10669: 9817: 1638:

Hip hop music was not officially recorded to play on radio or television until 1979, largely due to poverty during the genre's birth and lack of acceptance outside ghetto neighborhoods.

15024: 13502: 13346: 3456:

revolutionized hip hop by transforming it into a more mature art form, with sophisticated arrangements, often featuring "gorgeous textures and multiple layers" The influential single "

14436: 9941: 12162: 11928: 13668: 2677:, 1967) came as part of the local dance hall culture, which featured 'specials,' unique mixes or 'versions' pressed on soft discs or acetate discs, and rappers (called DJs) such as 8295: 15160: 6144:

By the late 2000s, alternative hip hop had secured its place within the mainstream, due in part to the declining commercial viability of gangsta rap. Industry observers view the

4313:

in the U.S. It also reached number one in the UK, Australia among others and has been credited for helping diversify hip hop by introducing it to a mainstream audience. In 1992,

1846:. It is believed by some that Cowboy created the term while teasing a friend who had just joined the U.S. Army, by singing the words "hip/hop/hip/hop" in a way that mimicked the 16603: 16204: 7339:

neighborhood, and their brand of gangsta rap underlines the parallels between life in Romania's Communist-era apartment blocks and in the housing projects of America's ghettos.

5744:

Glitch hop is a fusion genre of hip hop and glitch music that originated in the early to mid-2000s in the United States and Europe. Musically, it is based on irregular, chaotic

8331: 18869: 14653: 11888: 9331: 2638: 1850:

cadence of soldiers marching. Cowboy later worked "hip hop" into a part of his stage performance saying something along the lines of what was adopted by other artists such as

13972: 11003: 10030: 4241:

of the day. Rock 'n' roll was about attitude, rebellion, a big beat, sex and, sometimes, social comment. If that's what you're looking for now, you're going to find it here.

4115:. Due to the influence of Ice-T and N.W.A, gangsta rap is often viewed as a primarily West Coast phenomenon, despite the contributions of East Coast acts like Schoolly D and 13898: 12977: 7167:

In Europe, Africa, and Asia, hip hop began to move from the underground to mainstream audiences. In Europe, hip hop was the domain of both ethnic nationals and immigrants.

6467:

was one of the rappers to emerge in the 2010s. He garnered mainstream success in 2019. He is also the first openly gay rapper to be heavily nominated at the Grammy Awards.

4296:

for sales of over ten million. It remains one of the genre's all-time best-selling albums. To date, the album has sold as many as 18 million units. Released in 1990, "

4017:

in the mid-1990s, gangsta rap became the most commercially-lucrative subgenre of hip hop. Some gangsta rappers were known for mixing the political and social commentary of

5293:, signaled a major stylistic change in gangsta rap (and mainstream hip hop in general), as it would become even more commercially successful and popularly accepted. Silky 2931:

The earliest hip hop music was performed live, at house parties and block party events, and it was not recorded. Prior to 1979, recorded hip hop music consisted mainly of

11419: 11235: 11184: 2032:

background, is recognized as one of the earliest hip hop DJs and artists. Some credit him with officially originating hip hop music through his 1973 "Back to School Jam".

12011: 10894:, Marcus Boon, Carla Bozulich, Can, Brian Case, Philip Clark, Byron Coley, Richard Cook, Jack Cooke, Julian Cowley, Alan Cummings, Einsturzende Neubauten, Phil England, 6022:

culture critic Elizabeth Blair noted that, "some industry experts say young people are fed up with the violence, degrading imagery and lyrics." However, the 2005 report

13838: 13438: 9849: 9548: 7015:

Black and indigenous people in Latin America and Caribbean islands have been using hip hop for decades to discuss race and class issues in their respective countries.

3254: 13533: 9722: 13416: 12232: 4220: 3457: 1540:

can unequivocally claim as their own." By the 21st century, the field of rappers had diversified by both race and gender. The music developed as part of the broader

13323: 11718: 10739: 9153: 9013: 3908:(which sold more than three million copies) as the start of the period and notes that over the next year other important albums were released to success, including 14989: 6026:

found that hip hop music is by far the most popular music genre for children and teenagers with 65 percent of 8- to-18-year-olds listening to it on a daily basis.

4029:". These lyrics were placed over rough, rock guitar-driven beats, contributing to the music's hard-edged feel. The first blockbuster gangsta rap album was N.W.A's 18417: 14831: 8955: 4361:. The Beastie Boys continued their success throughout the decade crossing color lines and gaining respect from many different artists. Record labels based out of 4072:". The song was intended to speak from the viewpoint of a criminal getting revenge on racist, brutal cops. Ice-T's rock song infuriated government officials, the 12810: 2172: 1781:, which began in Harlem in the late 1920s. Later dance parties in the 1970s with DJs predated rap music but rap music would evolve out of them. In an article in 1754:

The origin of the phrase "hip-hop" is unknown but a very old example of the phrase appears in scene II of an anonymously written satirical play from 1671 called

15284: 11857:"Rap—The Power and the Controversy: Success has validated pop's most volatile form, but its future impact could be shaped by the continuing Public Enemy uproar" 1631:

developed along with the breaks. Rapping developed as a vocal style in which the artist speaks or chants along rhythmically with an instrumental or synthesized

12890: 12769: 12358: 12104: 11753: 6587:

also entered the mainstream. Trap artists that originated in the 2000s were able to recapture mainstream success in the 2010s with the rise of trap, including

5764:. Wonky is a subgenre of hip hop that originated around 2008, but most notably in the United States and United Kingdom, and among international artists of the 4111:

that the White House and wanna-bes like Bill Clinton represent a political system that never intends to deal with inner city urban chaos," Sister Souljah told

2068:

I was listening to American music in Jamaica and my favorite artist was James Brown. That's who inspired me. A lot of the records I played were by James Brown.

13155: 12463: 16290: 14288: 10932: 8631: 3866:

that came into existence... in these golden years, a critical mass of mic prodigies were literally creating themselves and their art form at the same time".

2194:

magazine printing an article titled "B Beats Bombarding Bronx", commenting on the local phenomenon and mentioning influential figures such as Kool Herc. The

1646:

influence and party-oriented lyrics. The 1980s marked the diversification of hip hop as the genre developed more complex styles and spread around the world.

16592: 15056: 14411: 13757: 13078: 11333: 5457:, surprised many. Hip hop influences also found their way increasingly into mainstream pop during this period, particularly in genres such as R&B (e.g. 14207: 11252: 5973:. In retrospect, Soulja Boy has been credited with setting trends in hip hop, such as self-publishing his songs through the Internet (which helped them go 5122: 4018: 2885:. Most early hip hop was dominated by groups where collaboration between the members was integral to the show. An example would be the early hip hop group 2611:

had a significant impact on the post-civil rights era culture of the 1960s and '1970s, and thus the social environment in which hip hop music was created.

11541: 10700: 10438: 7422:(born Anis Mohamed Youssef Ferchichi) raps "Salutiert, steht stramm, Ich bin der Leader wie A" (Salute, stand to attention, I am the leader like 'A') and 3195:

were disco-influenced hip hop DJs. Their styles differed from other hip hop musicians who focused on rapid-fire rhymes and more complex rhythmic schemes.

15519: 12407: 8981: 6862:. On the contrary, the image of artists such as XXXTentacion have been met with praise due to perceived character improvement since their controversies. 13635: 11955: 11866: 11293: 9680: 4013:" in 1986. After the national attention and controversy that Ice-T and N.W.A created in the late 1980s and early 1990s, as well as the mainstreaming of 3097:

The disco sound had a strong influence on early hip hop music. Most of the early rap/hip-hop songs were created by isolating existing disco bass-guitar

18862: 11695: 9983: 8899: 6297:

were noted by critics as expressing eclectic sounds, sensitive life experiences, and vulnerable emotions that were rarely seen in the prior bling era.

14886: 7267:

or "folk" rap. This period is distinguished by the great variety of French hip hop music, where several movements beginning to separate, artists like

5788:

and Hudson Mohawke have seen success in other avenues. Flying Lotus's music has earned multiple positive reviews on the independent music review site

4680:

are now viewed as classics along with Wu-Tang "core" material. The clan's base extended into further groups called "Wu-affiliates". Producers such as

3879:

use "the 11 years between and including 1986 and 1996 as chronological boundaries" to define the golden age, beginning with the releases of Run-DMC's

2277:

skills" (a reference to a type of vocal improvisation in which lyrics are recited with no particular subject or structure) and his "rhymes, flow, and

14059: 14013: 8977: 2499:

was the M.C. at one of the most pitiless places for any aspiring musician trying to break into show business, Amateur Night at the Palace theatre on

2384:

or emceeing, is a vocal style in which the artist speaks lyrically and rhythmically, in rhyme and verse, generally to an instrumental or synthesized

14484: 12502: 10847: 7418:

has become popular among youths who like the violent and aggressive lyrics. Some German rappers openly or comically flirt with Nazism; for example,

2408:

or to a beat. Hip hop music predates the introduction of rapping into hip hop culture, and rap vocals are absent from many hip hop tracks, such as "

2190:, a loose confederation of street-dance crews, graffiti artists, and rap musicians. By the late 1970s, the culture had gained media attention, with 15257: 14116: 11500: 10626: 8616: 7927: 5179: 14081: 11661: 11441: 11218: 6778:

played a massive role in the creation of various artists' careers in the latter half of the 2010s. Mainstream acts to start on SoundCloud include

13556: 13181: 9570: 7483:, encompassing the incorporation of local languages and traditional hip hop beats. In the 2010s and 2020s it developed further with rappers like 14730: 14261: 13946: 13868: 12743: 4323:. As well as helping to establish West Coast gangsta rap as more commercially viable than East Coast hip hop, this album founded a style called 4281:. MC Hammer became one of the most successful rappers of the early nineties and one of the first household names in the genre. The album raised 15747: 15661: 15614: 15505: 14230: 12707: 11353: 10653: 10155: 9827: 5078: 2693:

and many others. Recordings of talk-over, which is a different style from the dancehall's DJ style, were also made by Jamaican artists such as

15034: 13292: 12336: 12127: 11681: 11679: 3523:

and Richard Scher, exchanging ideas that contributed to the development of hip hop. Some rappers eventually became mainstream pop performers.

3358:

among underground musicians for its affordability on the used market, ease of use, and idiosyncratic sounds, particularly its deep, "booming"

18855: 13359: 12525: 11817: 11319: 9243: 9042: 5451:

previously had some popular success or critical acceptance from the hip hop community, Eminem's success, beginning in 1999 with the platinum

4152:

was a significant success with music critics and consumers. The album played a key role in hip hop's mainstream emergence in 1990, dubbed by

2350: 1568:. While often used to refer solely to rapping and rap music, "hip hop" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture. The term 14708: 14426: 13717: 10307: 9939: 2575:

fame, after his radio convention that was a must attend for every rap artist in the 1980s and 1990s These jive talking rappers of the 1950s

13811: 13780: 11676: 9908: 8602: 6044:". This also happened to him in 2008. Some put the blame on hip hop becoming less lyrical over time, such as Soulja Boy's 2007 debut album 2072:

Herc also says that he was not influenced by Jamaican sound system parties, as he was too young to experience them when he was in Jamaica.

15106: 13660: 13582: 13229: 10181: 5910:, Georgia in the late 1990s. The genre gained mainstream popularity in the mid-late 2000s, and artists from other Southern states such as 3078:

developed by DJs and producers for the dance club subculture, by the late 1970s, disco airwaves were dominated by mainstream, expensively

18439: 13124: 10544: 10133: 8449: 6599:, becoming more successful in the latter part of their career than when they debuted. Trap producers to reach mainstream success include 4934: 4754:

The rivalry between the East Coast and the West Coast rappers eventually turned personal. Later in the decade the business acumen of the

3211:

emerged as a reaction against disco and eventually incorporated characteristics of hip hop during the early 1980s. The DJ-based genre of

1960: 10778: 10463: 10221: 10094: 9210: 3667:), a Mexican/Cuban-American native of Los Angeles. After the departure of "Ace" to begin his solo career, the group adopted the name of 2305:

Two hip hop DJs creating new music by mixing tracks from multiple record players. Pictured are DJ Hypnotize (left) and Baby Cee (right).

1909:

in New York City during the 1970s which included MCing (or rapping), graffiti art (or aerosol art), break dancing, DJing and knowledge.

1522:

community. Hip-hop music originated as an anti-drug and anti-violence genre consisting of stylized rhythmic music (usually built around

21165: 16569: 16100: 12073: 8379: 8355: 1576:, though rapping is not a required component of hip hop music; the genre may also incorporate other elements of the culture, including 16607: 16490: 12257: 9775: 3567:

was the first DJ to introduce electro hip hop to UK club audiences in the early 1980s, opting for the dub or instrumental versions of

2095:

A second key musical element in hip hop music is emceeing (also called MCing or rapping). Emceeing is the rhythmic spoken delivery of

1669:, focused on the violent lifestyles and impoverished conditions of inner-city African American youth, gained popularity at this time. 21125: 16049: 15135: 11534:"Cover Study: The Uncivil War: The battle between the Establishment and supporters of rap music reopens old wounds of race and class" 11167: 8258: 5616: 4942: 4408: 11892: 11465: 11390: 9339: 7901: 5585:

by the general public. The genre began to attain a place in the mainstream, due in part to the crossover success of artists such as

2088:

to switch between the two records. Herc's experiments with making music with record players became what we now know as breaking or "

20907: 18447: 14597: 13980: 11932: 11624: 11563: 11011: 8190: 7955: 7712:. In the region hip hop is often used as a political and social message in song themes such as war, profiteering, corruption, etc. 4095:. But I don't hear anybody complaining about that." In the same interview, Ice-T suggested to Philips that the misunderstanding of 14938: 14346: 14172: 13902: 12985: 12939: 11276: 10808: 19979: 16660:– a user-generated database of interpolations and samples, covers and remixes, in all types of music, with an emphasis on hip-hop 13609: 4228: 1761: 14324: 11411: 11232: 11181: 1963:" is one of several songs said to be the earliest hip hop record. Leading up to hip hop, there were spoken-word artists such as 18906: 18170: 14963: 12677: 4385:. By the end of the decade, hip hop was an integral part of popular music, and many American pop songs had hip hop components. 4216: 3857:

s editor-in-chief Sia Michel says, "there were so many important, groundbreaking albums coming out right about that time", and

3461: 2215: 2064:, from whom he says rap originated. Even before moving to the U.S., Herc says his biggest influences came from American music: 1951: 1873:

The article is about DJs and discothèque nightclubs in Pittsburgh and does not mention rap music but says this: "D.J. Starsky (

1829: 1426: 409: 12015: 8551: 7870: 5131:

During the golden age, elements of hip hop continued to be assimilated into other genres of popular music. The first waves of

2881:, the frequency of solo artists did not increase until later with the rise of soloists with stage presence and drama, such as 2726:

contributing to the reggae craze triggered by Bob Marley's impact in the 1970s. The main Jamaican DJs of the early 1970s were

19050: 18379: 16524: 16032: 15881: 15840: 15798: 15686: 14786: 13846: 13219: 12046: 10772: 10414: 10254: 10127: 10088: 10061: 9073: 8792: 8241: 7518:, Rap Asia, MC Lara and Lady Diane. In Japan, where underground rappers had previously found a limited audience, and popular 5958: 4073: 3842:

The golden age is noted for its innovation – a time "when it seemed that every new single reinvented the genre" according to

2432:. However, the majority of the genre has been accompanied by rap vocals, such as the Sci-fi influenced electro hip hop group 13442: 12912: 10260: 9857: 9533: 5784:(especially dubstep); neither glitch hop nor wonky have achieved mainstream popularity. However, artists like Flying Lotus, 3659:) moved from Cuba to South Gate with his family in 1971. They teamed up with DVX from Queens (New York), Lawrence Muggerud ( 3598:

became the first aspect of hip hop culture to reach Japan, Australia and South Africa. In South Africa, the breakdance crew

3117:", generally considered to be the song that first popularized rap music in the United States and around the world. In 1982, 19012: 18099: 14541: 13525: 11142: 9726: 9305: 6187:, and asserted his belief that the indie rock movement would play an important role in the continued evolution of hip-hop. 5073: 4158:

editor Paul Grein as "the year that rap exploded". In a 1990 article on its commercial breakthrough, Janice C. Thompson of

2040:

became increasingly popular in New York, particularly among African American, Caribbean and Hispanic youth residing in the

1976: 1436: 13691: 13408: 13331: 10987: 10723: 9187: 4881:

in 1992, which peaked at No. 1 on the R&B/hip hop chart, No. 3 on the pop chart, and spawned a No. 2 pop single with "

4102:

The subject matter inherent in gangsta rap more generally has caused controversy. The White House administrations of both

2520:. The 10% of African Americans who heard his broadcasts found that the music he promoted on radio in 1949 was also in the 2214:

The lyrical content of many early rap groups focused on social issues, most notably in the seminal track "The Message" by

19090: 18214: 16178: 11198: 9161: 9114: 9021: 6034:

is known for his low album sales regardless of his singles being mainstream and having digital success. His second album

5619:

for shipping more than 11 million units, becoming one of the best selling hip-hop albums of all time. It also won a

5612: 5608: 4266: 4169: 2866:

section of the song, showing off athleticism, spinning on the stage to 'break-dance' in the distinctive, frenetic style.

1227: 16644:"The Uncivil War: The battle between the Establishment and supporters of rap music reopens old wounds of race and class" 15301: 11590: 9611: 8552:"For the first time in history, hip-hop has surpassed rock to become the most popular music genre, according to Nielsen" 5581:, which was introduced in the 1980s and then declined, resurged in the early-mid 2000s with the rejuvenated interest in 18292: 16463: 12802: 11092: 11072: 9966: 9503: 8947: 8921: 8422: 7827: 6063: 5624: 5301:

and pop songs from the 1970s and 1980s were the staples of this sound, which was showcased by producers such as Combs,

3612:

which screened on TF1 during 1984, a first for the genre worldwide. Sidney is considered the father of French hip hop.

3017: 2511:

that would become his schtick when he became the first black radio announcer on the air south of the Mason–Dixon line.

2449: 1832:

who is sometimes credited with the term as it relates to Hip Hop as we know it today (although it was not documented).

1305: 15423: 15321: 14625: 11043: 10954: 7644:). In Portugal hip hop has his own kind of rapping, which is more political and underground scene, they are known for 21180: 21130: 17838: 16685: 16472: 16449: 16431: 16417: 16403: 16385: 16357: 16327: 15723: 15637: 15590: 15557: 15481: 15013: 12880: 12593: 12096: 11600: 10877: 10613: 10506: 10379: 9881: 9664: 8842: 8648: 8309: 7705: 5553: 3588: 2571: 2175:, a rapper-lyricist with Pete DJ Jones, is often credited with being the first rap lyricist to call himself an "MC". 1063: 17330: 14868: 12779: 12362: 11745: 10008: 5072:

artists were key in further expanding rap music and bringing southern hip hop into the mainstream. Releases such as

4373:

also gained fame for their local scenes. The midwest rap scene was known for fast vocal styles from artists such as

21195: 20288: 13743: 12471: 8134: 5216: 4882: 4666: 4575:

equivalent in intensity to what was being produced on the West Coast. According to Allmusic, the production on two

3362:. It became a cornerstone of the emerging electronic, dance, and hip hop genres, popularized by early hits such as 3204: 1619:

to be able to play breaks from two copies of the same record, alternating from one to the other and extending the "

16282: 14851: 14292: 13000: 11986: 21190: 21185: 19085: 18810: 18432: 18265: 18065: 17465: 16589: 15692: 10563: 9353: 8484: 6715:

in the mid-late 2010s greatly impacted the entire music business as a whole. Despite being a free streaming-only

5271:"), or "shiny suit era" (derived by metallic suits worn by some rappers in music videos at the time, such as in " 4587: 4567: 4458:

scenes in the United States, especially from 1994 to 1997. Focal points of the feud were East Coast-based rapper

4052: 4043:

as a vital genre, and establish Los Angeles as a legitimate rival to hip hop's long-time capital, New York City.

3700:

The new school of hip hop was the second wave of hip hop music, originating in 1983–84 with the early records of

3576: 2953: 2721:

that same year; 1970 saw a multitude of DJ hit records in the wake of U-Roy's early, massive hits, most famously

2409: 1877:), one of the more prominent based disc jockeys ... He is also responsible for the derivation of the 'Hip-Hop'." 1808:

The earliest known instance of "hip hop" as a compound phrase in a song lyric is in a song about dancing by the

1293: 1210: 20080: 14197: 11249: 8711: 7035:

began in the country, but it soon spread all over Brazil, and today, almost every big Brazilian city, including

4127: 3875:. In their article "In Search of the Golden Age Hip-Hop Sound", music theorists Ben Duinker and Denis Martin of 2738:

as early as 1971), Dave Barker, Scotty, Lloyd Young, Charlie Ace and others, as well as soon-to-be reggae stars

21170: 16371: 15445: 13159: 12415: 10692: 10430: 9741: 7291:

try to innovate and look for new tracks to explore. In the Netherlands, important nineties rappers include the

6626:

stating that Eminem was confused by it, and Snoop Dogg claiming that he can not differentiate between artists.

4180:

being the best-selling single of 1989, and that at the time of her article, nearly a third of the songs on the

3712:), the new school came predominantly from New York City. The new school was initially characterized in form by 3298: 2496: 2195: 20808: 17454: 15523: 15399: 13465: 9428: 5255:, a new commercial sound emerged in the hip hop scene, sometimes referred to as the "bling era" (derived from 4635:

in 1994 cemented the status of the East Coast during a time of West Coast dominance. In a March 2002 issue of

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soda pop commercial marked the first hip hop musician to do a commercial for a major product. The 1981 songs "

21093: 20758: 17215: 17204: 16255: 15188: 14374: 11963: 11290: 10480: 8338:: While often used to refer to rap music, hip hop more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture 8038: 7812: 7582: 6040:

sold only 200,000+ total units in the U.S., which could not line up to the sales of the album's lead single "

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by David Toop "At its worst the technique could turn the night into one endless and inevitably boring song".

14106: 11780:"MAINSTREAM RAP;Cutting-edge sound tops pop in a year of controversy;Video's child take beat to new streets" 7085:, a Puerto Rican style of music, has a lot of similarities with U.S.-based hip hop. Both were influenced by 5798:

commercial breaks. Hudson Mohawke is one of few glitch hop artists to play at major music festivals such as

4177: 21103: 21086: 18384: 18359: 16778: 16151: 14051: 10333: 7807: 7430:(New German Wave) complete with the title written in Third Reich style Gothic print and advertised with an 6446: 6262: 6172:

encouraged other mainstream rappers to take greater creative risks with their music. During the release of

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Glitch hop and wonky are popular among a relatively smaller audience interested in alternative hip hop and

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conscious critique of Venezuela's criminalization of young, poor, Afro-descended people into their music.

7109:

In Venezuela, social unrest at the end of the 1980s and beginning of the 1990s coincided with the rise of

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in 1991. The Houston area also produced other artists that pioneered the early southern rap sound such as

2503:

in Memphis, Tennessee. There he was master of ceremonies from 1935 until 1947 along with his sideman, D.J.

19017: 18374: 18104: 17568: 16126: 15372: 14138: 12494: 10831: 8324: 7980: 7319:, grow nationally renowned, while the Polish scene began in earnest early in the decade with the rise of 6761:

was also nominated for 2017 Best Rap Album. In 2017, Drake released a free streaming-only project titled

5599: 4941:". As the Los Angeles-based Death Row built an empire around Dre, Snoop, and Tupac, it also entered into 4528: 1441: 17: 16643: 16580: 15084: 14262:"Kanye West's 808s & Heartbreak Album Preview: More Drums, More Singing, 'No Typical Hip-Hop Beats'" 12609:

Akindes, Fay Yokomizo (2001). "Sudden Rush: 'Na Mele Paleoleo' (Hawaiian Rap) as Liberatory Discourse".

11687: 11655: 11533: 11438: 11215: 6850:, and others. These songs are usually closely related to trap, but have also been labeled separately as 6328:

as inspirations for his own use of Auto-Tune. T-Pain became so associated with Auto-Tune that he had an

5329:; Master P built up a roster of artists (the No Limit posse) based out of New Orleans, and incorporated 5111:

What once was rap now is hip hop, an endlessly various mass phenomenon that continues to polarize older

18997: 18425: 18094: 17024: 15161:"Lil Peep: SoundCloud rap pioneer who fell victim to the drug use and depression his music highlighted" 13497: 12729: 11856: 7837: 5896: 4450:

The East Coast–West Coast hip hop rivalry was a feud from 1991 to 1997 between artists and fans of the

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recorded "To the Beat Y'All" in 1979, and became the first female solo hip hop artist to record music.

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patterns of African and African American religious ceremonies. Early popular radio disc jockeys of the

1886: 1532:, a rhythmic delivery of poetic speech. In the early 1990s, a professor of African American studies at 1421: 329: 13251: 8526: 8371: 8183: 8072:

Much scholarly effort has been devoted to hip-hop (also known as rap) music in the past two decades...

7716:, another Bosnian rapper, is associated with Edo Maajka, and has collaborated beyond Bosnian borders. 7434:

quote. These references also spawned great controversy in Germany. Meanwhile, in France, artists like

21115: 21076: 19896: 19891: 19662: 19043: 18240: 16851: 16790: 16377: 15231: 14265: 13950: 13876: 7842: 7817: 7728: 6349: 6128: 5799: 5628: 4920: 4701: 4327:, which soon came to dominate West Coast hip hop. The style was further developed and popularized by 3624:

along with compilations Rapattitude 1 and 2 contributed to a general awareness of hip hop in France.

3165: 3161: 2808: 2400:. They also incorporate synthesizers, drum machines, and live bands. Rappers may write, memorize, or 1274: 19115: 14813: 13269: 10519: 10159: 8768: 5028:

In the 1990s, hip hop began to diversify with other regional styles emerging on the national scene.

3309:

and Richard Scher) described as a "cornerstone of early 80s beatbox afrofuturism," by the UK paper,

2839:

is often credited with being the first rap lyricist to call himself an "MC". During the early 1970s

18111: 16516: 16439: 14912: 13354: 13300: 12135: 11316: 10185: 7561:. Between the 1990s and 2010s, it had transcended its origins as a form of political expression in 5942: 5152: 4736: 4345:

said in 1990, "Black radio hated rap from the start and there's still a lot of resistance to it".

3488: 3471: 3057:, starting in 1984 and also from Philadelphia, began creating a style that would later be known as 3025: 35: 21066: 12652: 12533: 11827: 11047: 9938:

Fitzpatrick, Rob, "The 101 strangest records on Spotify: Warp 9 – It's A Beat Wave", May 14, 2014

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Flipping, Robert Jr. (February 24, 1979). "Hollyburgh Swingers 'If You Funk Us, We'll Funk You'".

5032:

became popular in the early 1990s. The first Southern rappers to gain national attention were the

2436:. Female rappers appeared on the scene in the late 1970s and early 80s, including Bronx artist MC 21023: 20063: 19984: 19191: 18836: 18192: 18089: 13721: 13560: 10311: 9093: 8745: 8291: 7693: 6928: 6874: 6725: 5966: 5693: 5539: 5268: 4988: 4893:

artists, melding smooth and easy funk beats with slowly-drawled lyrics. This came to be known as

4656: 4390: 4116: 3785: 3760: 3512: 3475: 3016:" (1979), the first hip hop record released by a female group, and the second single released by 2620: 2315: 2311: 2130:, a venue used by Kool Herc that is often considered the birthplace of hip hop on August 11, 1973 1786: 1416: 1411: 16652: 16456:

The State of Hip-Hop Generation: how hip-hop's culture movement is evolving into political power

13815: 13788: 13385: 9904: 1701:. Hip hop became a best-selling genre in the mid-1990s and the top-selling music genre by 1999. 21175: 20278: 19344: 19070: 18455: 18287: 18182: 18000: 17185: 16872: 16861: 16810: 14569: 12359:"The Murders of gangsta rappers Tupac Shakur and Notorious B.I.G. - Crime Library on truTV.com" 12158: 9133: 8328: 8301: 7822: 7184: 6815: 6520: 6313: 6213:

The alternative hip hop movement was not limited only to the United States, as rappers such as

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enjoyed commercial success at this time with a grittier style. Although white rappers like the

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that are often considered "godfathers" of hip hop music. Within New York City, performances of

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Israel's hip hop grew greatly in popularity at the end of the decade, with several stars both

5997:

Starting in 2005, sales of hip hop music in the United States began to severely wane, leading

2341:" (pushing a record back and forth while the needle is in the groove to create new sounds and 41:"Rap music" redirects here. For the form of vocal delivery associated with hip hop music, see 19506: 19181: 19154: 18952: 18040: 17671: 17654: 17552: 16831: 16678: 15939: 12964: 10762: 10460: 10207: 10078: 9656: 9650: 9220: 8351: 7832: 7558: 7336: 6145: 5752:

and other typical sound effects used in glitch music, like skips. Glitch hop artists include

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Dr. Dre remained an important figure in this era, making his comeback in 1999 with the album

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established the practice before beginning to rap later in the decade. Musician and presenter

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had dubbed Philadelphia the "Graffiti Capital of the World" in 1971. Philadelphia native DJ

2960:, as a rap record. There are various other claimants for the title of first hip hop record. 2862:. The term "B-boy" was coined by DJ Kool Herc to describe the people who would wait for the 20455: 20068: 19036: 18957: 18824: 18593: 18121: 17711: 16975: 15061: 14735: 14485:"Lil Nas X makes Grammy history as the first openly gay rapper nominated in top categories" 11164: 7785: 6400: 6167: 5533: 5388: 5272: 5252: 4960: 4954: 4916: 4512: 4459: 4437: 4374: 4306: 4182: 4154: 3926: 3896: 3881: 3801: 3627:

Hip hop has always kept a very close relationship with the Hispanic community in New York.

3511:. In the New York City recording scene, artists collaborated with producer/writers such as 3418: 3173: 2763: 2417: 2123: 2104: 1756: 1693:. Hip hop continued to diversify at this time with other regional styles emerging, such as 1386: 404: 20298: 16074: 13052: 9959:

The Story of the Beginning and End of the First Hip Hop Female MC...Luminary Icon Sha-Rock

8681: 8269: 4999:, who represented a return to hip hop's roots of sampling and well-planned rhyme schemes. 4716:

supplied beats for numerous MCs at the time, regardless of location. Albums such as Nas's

2211:, centered on hip hop, as a means to draw teenagers out of gang life, drugs and violence. 8: 20536: 20413: 20364: 19787: 19467: 19176: 19130: 18987: 18746: 18678: 18466: 18317: 18255: 18126: 18035: 17930: 17721: 17716: 17148: 17066: 16921: 16882: 16826: 13110: 11462: 11387: 11077: 7701: 7641: 7453: 7366:

One of the countries outside the US where hip-hop is most popular is the United Kingdom.

6644: 6584: 6357: 6184: 6098: 6046: 6018:, for the first time on five years, no rap albums were among the top 10 sellers in 2006. 6014: 5578: 5502: 5294: 5212: 5151:— became popular among mainstream audiences at this time; Run-DMC, the Beastie Boys, and 4763: 4637: 4554: 4550: 4208: 4010: 4009:", which is often regarded as the first gangsta rap song, which was followed by Ice-T's " 3871: 3781: 3772:

and political militancy in golden age hip hop lyrics. The music was experimental and the

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were prevalent in the poverty of the South Bronx, and much of the graffiti, rapping, and

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Trapp, Erin (July 1, 2005). "The Push and Pull of Hip-Hop: A Social Movement Analysis".

7456:

reaches out to Israeli youth with political and religious-themed lyrics, usually with a

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and fuses heavy pop music elements, but there is an extended rap by Harry near the end.

1793: 1333: 20622: 20602: 20376: 20201: 20196: 19999: 19755: 19647: 19637: 19518: 19501: 19007: 18916: 18896: 18751: 18250: 18229: 18165: 18136: 18079: 17925: 17793: 17748: 17691: 17666: 17250: 17180: 16953: 16846: 16841: 16836: 16800: 15741: 15655: 15608: 15499: 14758: 14202: 14008: 12931: 12885: 12634: 12626: 12559: 12233:"East Coast vs. West Coast rivalry: A look at Tupac and Biggie's infamous hip-hop feud" 12213: 11273: 10800: 10050: 9564: 9384: 9375:

Neumann, Fredreich (2000). "Hip hop: Origins, Characteristics and Creative Processes".

8508: 8126: 8118: 8063: 7985: 7629: 7488: 7440: 7192: 7130: 6734: 6608: 6308:, who elaborated on the effect and made active use of Auto-Tune in his songs. He cites 6258: 6226: 6150: 6094: 5950: 5946: 5849: 5709: 5605: 5470: 5338: 5260: 5036:

out of Houston, Texas. Southern rap's roots can be traced to the success of Geto Boy's

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and dominated mainstream hip hop in the early-mid 1990s through a roster of artists on

4847: 4483: 4455: 4451: 4338: 4286: 4204: 4064: 4040: 3947: 3823: 3789: 3747: 3709: 3584: 3556: 3540: 3371: 3343: 3328: 3262: 3122: 3102: 3045: 2945: 2912: 2592: 2425: 2421: 2397: 2282: 1991: 1851: 1678: 1670: 1655: 1647: 1639: 1593: 1471: 1466: 1461: 1431: 1281: 1260: 1250: 1242: 1138: 960: 920: 881: 856: 573: 519: 359: 108: 15285:"Juice Wrld, Lil Peep and XXXTentacion are symbols of a scene that trades off tragedy" 9768:"The Message From Last Night: Hip-Hop is Rock 'n' Roll, and the Hall of Fame Likes It" 8450:"Rebels Without a Pause: Hip-hop and Resistance in the City: Debates and Developments" 7231:, the period of democratization from the 2000s, with groups and artists like Lunatic, 4802:

in reaction to the former, and offered an outlet for more underground artists such as

3869:

The golden age spans "from approximately 1986 to 1997", according to Carl Stoffers of

2322:. The first sampler that was broadly adopted to create this new kind of music was the 2119: 2108:

into longer sessions of spoken, rhythmic wordplay, and rhyming, which became rapping.

1979:". These artists combined spoken word and music to create a kind of "proto-rap" vibe. 1627:

became widely available and affordable. Turntablist techniques such as scratching and

21071: 20860: 20460: 20438: 20139: 20058: 19730: 19438: 19373: 19297: 19252: 18482: 18275: 18131: 17990: 17970: 17935: 17910: 17905: 17860: 17798: 17788: 17778: 17768: 17763: 17676: 17634: 17280: 17096: 17039: 17019: 16520: 16510: 16468: 16445: 16427: 16413: 16399: 16381: 16367: 16353: 16323: 16028: 15887: 15877: 15846: 15836: 15804: 15794: 15729: 15719: 15682: 15643: 15633: 15596: 15586: 15563: 15553: 15487: 15477: 15451: 15441: 15165: 14489: 14314: 14111: 13097: 12638: 12589: 12217: 12205: 12042: 11861: 11596: 10873: 10839: 10768: 10731: 10661: 10609: 10502: 10410: 10375: 10250: 10213: 10123: 10084: 10057: 9962: 9660: 9112:

Alridge D, Steward J. "Introduction: Hip Hop in History: Past, Present, and Future",

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in the early 2000s, local hip hop artists became popular by infusing local styles of

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is heavily associated with racial and economic issues in the country, where a lot of

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of hip hop that reflects the violent lifestyles of inner-city American black youths.

3966: 3428: 3381: 3294: 3200: 3075: 2824: 2484: 2278: 2246: 2156: 2139: 2003: 1897: 1604: 1541: 1533: 1300: 1203: 1183: 1148: 1123: 1118: 1073: 965: 955: 945: 935: 910: 866: 831: 608: 469: 434: 314: 31: 13925:"INTERVIEW: Professor A.L.I.'s Islamic Eco-Rap Sends Environment Lessons To Muslims" 12681: 7438:' Idéal J maintained a radical, anti-authoritarian attitude and released songs like 7362:

and also one of the best-selling festivals in advance. Picture of Blockfest in 2017.

3955:

hear what's going on in the devastated communities that gave birth to the art form.

2245:" became the first single containing hip hop elements to hit number one on the U.S. 21160: 21043: 20931: 20892: 20793: 20777: 20733: 20664: 20482: 20211: 20043: 19962: 19802: 19642: 19610: 19351: 19262: 19257: 19247: 19159: 19105: 19059: 18911: 18901: 18603: 18553: 18403: 18204: 18143: 18045: 18030: 18015: 17945: 17865: 17853: 17828: 17823: 17813: 17773: 17753: 17681: 17661: 17649: 17644: 17639: 17629: 17614: 17604: 17599: 17589: 17400: 17076: 17056: 16773: 16768: 16671: 16632: 15057:"Chance The Rapper's 'Coloring Book' Is First Streaming-Only Album To Win a Grammy" 14791: 14686: 14379: 12774: 12618: 12555: 12197: 11132: 11122: 10627:"Everything you ever wanted to know about the Roland TR-808 but were afraid to ask" 9332:"DJ Kool Herc Is Ready to Bring Hip-Hop Back to Its Roots With a Museum in Jamaica" 8461: 8259:"Hip to the Game – Dance World vs. Music Industry, The Battle for Hip Hop's Legacy" 8102: 8047: 7878: 7739: 7566: 7515: 7419: 7397: 7359: 7086: 6071:. The decrease in sampling is in part due to it being too expensive for producers. 6009: 5989:

While hip hop music sales dropped a great deal in the mid-late 2000s, rappers like

5781: 5730: 5718: 5486: 5478: 5342: 5322: 5306: 5240: 5236: 5168: 5029: 4890: 4713: 4661: 4651: 4626: 4607: 4310: 3773: 3694: 3632: 3564: 3552: 3496: 3393: 3363: 3258: 3212: 3196: 3192: 3118: 2957: 2393: 2007: 1930: 1891: 1882: 1863: 1797: 1782: 1690: 1353: 1255: 1217: 1158: 1078: 1053: 1048: 1041: 1024: 1009: 994: 940: 925: 871: 851: 846: 841: 836: 816: 806: 801: 791: 721: 499: 489: 384: 83: 20803: 16205:"While Zuma is not the best president' he deserves respect' says rapper Pope Troy" 12916: 12201: 11313:

Per Coker, Hodgkinson, Drever, Thill, O'Neal Parker and Sariq above. Additionally:

10028:

Gettin' our groove on: rhetoric, language, and literacy for the hip hop generation

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label was also gaining popularity during this time, with emerging artists such as

5297:-styled hooks and production, more materialist subject matter, and samples of hit 4794:. The history of the two labels is intertwined, the latter having been started by 3400:

used drum machines to construct their beats from small excerpts of other beats in

20991: 20171: 20124: 19494: 19489: 19356: 19227: 19120: 18962: 18947: 18937: 18932: 18648: 18354: 18224: 18219: 18175: 18148: 18116: 18050: 18025: 18020: 17980: 17975: 17960: 17955: 17920: 17880: 17833: 17731: 17726: 17686: 17619: 17609: 17594: 17579: 17519: 17270: 17230: 17031: 16805: 16763: 16596: 16574: 16561: 16506: 15435: 14681: 14518: 14406: 14351: 14088: 11822: 11469: 11445: 11423: 11394: 11357: 11340: 11323: 11297: 11280: 11256: 11239: 11222: 11188: 11171: 11110: 10991: 10891: 10567: 10548: 10467: 10244: 10034: 10027: 9945: 9687: 9529: 9290: 9248: 9215: 8665: 8383: 8359: 8335: 8194: 7685: 7657: 7590: 7284: 7160: 7040: 7020: 6974: 6659: 6544: 6480: 6341: 6290: 6234: 6230: 6202: 6195: 6174: 6124: 5999: 5930: 5857: 5841: 5640: 5284: 5174: 5069: 4946: 4755: 4705: 4689: 4558: 4516: 4488: 4463: 4342: 4252: 4168:

in more than a decade." Thompson noted the impact of Public Enemy's 1989 single "

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named after a street running through a neighborhood nearby in South Los Angeles.

3483: 3401: 3367: 3323: 3079: 3038: 2743: 2655: 2647: 2629: 2625: 2604: 2588: 2507:. It was there he perfected the dozens, signifyin' and the personality jock jive 2464: 2044:. Block parties incorporated DJs, who played popular genres of music, especially 1972: 1956: 1878: 1874: 1833: 1733:

issues such as racial inequality, poverty, and police brutality. Artists such as

1698: 1381: 1371: 1361: 1237: 1232: 1193: 1188: 1173: 1168: 1133: 1093: 1058: 1029: 1004: 999: 905: 900: 876: 821: 811: 796: 784: 603: 553: 474: 269: 231: 164: 19028: 17315: 16179:"Nigerian Drill; Odumodublvck is the Heartbeat of Afro Drill Rap. - Radr Africa" 14514:"Women in the hip-hop industry have made their mark on the 2010s | Opinion" 12185: 9309: 8091:""One Day It'll All Make Sense": Hip-Hop and Rap Resources for Music Librarians" 5856:, Georgia, gaining considerable popularity in the mid-2000s via Lil Jon and the 2908: 2869:

Although there were some early MCs that recorded solo projects of note, such as

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Hip hop as both a musical genre and a culture was formed during the 1970s, when

628: 21048: 20936: 20872: 20738: 20711: 20691: 20592: 20582: 20531: 20381: 20095: 20019: 19974: 19770: 19765: 19735: 19725: 19697: 19472: 19460: 19368: 19309: 19149: 19110: 18942: 18847: 18673: 18084: 18055: 18010: 17965: 17950: 17940: 17890: 17885: 17848: 17758: 17736: 17624: 17485: 17480: 17430: 17410: 17365: 17260: 17143: 17133: 17044: 16936: 16584: 16485: 14654:"How Mike WiLL Made-It And Kendrick Lamar Created The Year's Most Urgent Music" 14431: 11852: 10984: 8892:"This 1930s Quartet Didn't Know it, but They Were Rap's First Recorded Artists" 7799: 7747: 7637: 7308: 7248: 7188: 7172: 7142: 7126: 7052: 7036: 6998: 6982: 6966: 6851: 6730: 6666: 6655:, becoming the most popular genre in music for the first time in U.S. history. 6321: 6309: 6274: 6269:

without the help of a major record label. Emerging artists at the time such as

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Snap rap (also known as ringtone rap) is a subgenre of crunk that emerged from

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were among the most well-known bands in these fields. In Hawaii, bands such as

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in the music. The artists and groups most often associated with this phase are

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By 1979, hip hop music had become a mainstream genre. Herc also developed upon

1987: 1964: 1938: 1742: 1376: 1338: 1178: 1163: 1153: 1103: 1098: 1034: 984: 930: 915: 826: 751: 731: 681: 588: 419: 324: 289: 196: 186: 20186: 15520:"CNN.com – Cuban hip-hop: The rebellion within the revolution – Nov. 25, 2002" 14939:"Pop Smoke Has the Top Hip-Hop Album of 2021 More Than a Year After His Death" 14832:"Report: Hip-Hop/R&B is the Dominant Genre in the U.S. For the First Time" 14402:"Quit Screwing with Trap Music: An Interview with Houston-Born Producer Lōtic" 12437: 11127: 9134:""Yele, Yele": Caribbean Identity and the Rubric of Race in U.S-Based Hip-Hop" 8737: 8207: 8156: 7448:

went from being an underground battle rapper to mainstream recognition in the

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in 1996 were all critically acclaimed. Other distinctive regional sounds from

4047:

sparked the first major controversy regarding hip hop lyrics when their song "

21154: 21038: 20986: 20897: 20696: 20649: 20541: 20359: 20354: 20332: 20315: 20245: 20228: 20112: 19989: 19920: 19846: 19829: 19704: 19585: 19580: 19575: 19560: 19412: 19242: 19212: 19196: 19137: 18882: 18568: 18507: 18450: 18209: 18187: 17985: 17915: 17895: 17875: 17870: 17783: 17701: 17524: 17435: 17405: 16980: 16958: 16926: 16916: 16758: 16647: 16581:"Rap: Striking Tales of Black Frustration and Pride Shake the Pop Mainstream" 16338: 15891: 15850: 15808: 15733: 15647: 15600: 15567: 15491: 15262: 15029: 14887:"Atlanta: the city that defined the 2010s and altered the sound of the world" 14546: 14460:"2019 Was the Year That… Lil Nas X's 'Old Town Road' Put a Bow on the Decade" 14231:"The 100 Greatest Lil Wayne Songs – #3. Lil Wayne f/ Static Major "Lollipop"" 14035:

Hoard, Christian (September 17, 2009). "Kid Cudi: Hip-Hop's Sensitive Soul".

13636:"Fabolous Tops Billboard 200; Jackson's 'Ones' Now 2009's Second-Best Seller" 12209: 10843: 10735: 10665: 10217: 9822: 9619: 9154:"Party Over Here: An Oral History of Kool Herc's Historic Back-to-School Jam" 8986: 8872: 8114: 8059: 8051: 7905: 7697: 7538: 7384: 7379: 7375: 7367: 7200: 7176: 7122: 6865: 6827: 6791: 6787: 6652: 6627: 6432: 6417: 6361: 6286: 6270: 6214: 6083: 5915: 5869: 5865: 5790: 5664: 5563: 5558: 5444: 5350: 5192: 5144: 4976: 4938: 4835: 4819: 4721: 4676: 4541: 4337:. However, hip hop was still met with resistance from black radio, including 4289: 4238: 3961: 3862: 3844: 3608: 3603: 3528: 3500: 3479: 3347: 3334: 3274: 3241: 3153: 3149: 2863: 2751: 2694: 2472: 2401: 2362: 2358: 2327: 2274: 2269: 2241:". The new style influenced Harry, and Blondie's later hit single from 1981 " 2099:

and wordplay, delivered at first without accompaniment and later done over a

2037: 2015: 1983: 1651: 1620: 1600: 1515: 1391: 1222: 1198: 1128: 1108: 1088: 1083: 950: 888: 756: 726: 424: 369: 309: 246: 221: 103: 16152:"Blaqbonez is Africa's hottest rapper, whether or not he is releasing music" 15455: 14814:"Hip-Hop Becomes Most Popular Genre in Music for First Time in U.S. History" 11199:"U-Md. Senior Aaron McGruder's Edgy Hip-Hop Comic Gets Raves, but No Takers" 10283:

And It Don't Stop: The Best American Hip-Hop Journalism of the Last 25 Years

8465: 7793: 5914:

also began to emerge performing in this style. Tracks commonly consist of a

5287:, propelled by the massive crossover success of Combs's 1997 ensemble album 2361:– eventually developed along with the percussion breaks, creating a musical 2301: 2237:

to such an event, as the main backing track used was the break from Chic's "

1933:

recordings from the 1960s, 1950s, and earlier, including several records by

21098: 21008: 20996: 20953: 20840: 20701: 20654: 20629: 20423: 20347: 20238: 20216: 20176: 20161: 20053: 19957: 19935: 19925: 19881: 19876: 19792: 19692: 19672: 19630: 19595: 19523: 19479: 19383: 18992: 18633: 18487: 18349: 18344: 17900: 17803: 17741: 17542: 17492: 17350: 17240: 16992: 16899: 16785: 16707: 15969: 15714:

Castillo-Garsow, Melissa; Planas, Melissa Castillo; Nichols, Jason (2016).

15628:

Castillo-Garsow, Melissa; Planas, Melissa Castillo; Nichols, Jason (2016).

15581:

Castillo-Garsow, Melissa; Planas, Melissa Castillo; Nichols, Jason (2016).

15111: 15025:"What Chance the Rapper's Streaming-Only Grammy Nod Means for Pop's Future" 14709:"Mumble Rap: cultural laziness or a true reflection of contemporary times?" 14630: 13752: 9047: 8013: 7771: 7743: 7689: 7661: 7614: 7574: 7550: 7504: 7480: 7468: 7467:, hip hop gained popularity in the 80s, 90s and 2000s through artists like 7431: 7378:

and influenced by hip hop, emerged in the early 2000s with artists such as

7328: 7292: 7276: 7208: 7103: 7048: 7008: 6986: 6970: 6904: 6847: 6823: 6819: 6783: 6738: 6600: 6548: 6540: 6528: 6516: 6512: 6496: 5938: 5861: 5761: 5620: 5440: 5314: 5310: 5248: 4964: 4906: 4799: 4770:. The mid to late 1990s saw a generation of rappers such as the members of 4631: 4602: 4581: 4572: 4562: 4546: 4492: 4467: 4441: 4350: 4297: 4143: 4135: 4107: 3930:(1987). Williams views this development as the beginning of hip hop's own " 3892: 3835: 3793: 3769: 3725: 3713: 3668: 3648: 3628: 3595: 3520: 3413: 3317: 3311: 3306: 3188: 3033: 3021: 2940: 2870: 2836: 2803: 2783: 2755: 2663: 2504: 2500: 2491:

period broke into broadcast announcing by using these techniques under the

2445: 2385: 2354: 2342: 2260: 2230: 2222: 2182: 2100: 2025: 1999: 1995: 1946: 1902: 1858:"I said a hip-hop, a hibbit, hibby-dibby, hip-hip-hop and you don't stop". 1837: 1738: 1734: 1694: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1561: 1343: 1113: 970: 661: 583: 563: 344: 279: 206: 201: 154: 98: 46: 17190: 16636: 15871: 15830: 15788: 15762: 12960: 12744:"Independent As Fuck: 20 Essential Underground Hip Hop Releases From 1997" 12622: 11657:

Rap, Rock, and Censorship: Popular Culture and the Technologies of Justice

9277:

Hip Hop: The Illustrated History of Break Dancing, Rap Music, and Graffiti

7444:

which attacked the growth of the French far right. In the Netherlands, MC

7402: 7028: 6651:

classifies as being the same genre) had usurped rock as the most consumed

5375:

Many of the rappers who achieved mainstream success at this time, such as

2524:

up north in the cities. They were also finding other D.J's like Chicago's

1941:, whose 1946 song "Noah" is often named as the first recorded instance of 1820:, the lyric is: "...you gotta slop, bop, flip flop, hip hop, never stop". 21108: 21013: 20958: 20941: 20865: 20850: 20798: 20679: 20674: 20634: 20617: 20612: 20597: 20504: 20398: 20342: 20206: 20191: 20166: 20134: 19930: 19906: 19782: 19777: 19720: 19687: 19677: 19620: 19605: 19600: 19565: 19538: 19450: 19405: 19324: 19302: 19274: 19267: 19217: 19186: 19076: 18977: 18972: 18728: 18653: 18527: 18369: 18364: 18337: 18322: 18153: 17509: 17440: 17415: 17345: 17225: 17175: 17138: 17113: 17091: 17061: 16985: 16887: 16714: 16623:

Olivo, W. (March 2001). "Phat Lines: Spelling Conventions in Rap Music".

16364:

Hip Hop in America: A Regional Guide: Volume 1: East Coast and West Coast

16315: 14319: 12832: 12306: 12284: 11505: 10895: 10367: 9763: 9475: 8670:, Wide Awake, vol. 16, Boston: D. Lothrop & Company, p. 389 7847: 7669: 7665: 7633: 7618: 7606: 7598: 7543: 7511: 7452:, thus influencing numerous rap artists in the region. In Israel, rapper 7415: 7320: 7316: 7264: 7180: 7110: 6908: 6779: 6712: 6674: 6576: 6560: 6500: 6438: 6405: 6282: 6053: 6041: 5974: 5697: 5677: 5582: 5514: 5498: 5494: 5466: 5326: 5208: 5200: 5156: 5106:, Chicago, Washington D.C., Detroit and others began to gain popularity. 4898: 4877: 4852: 4823: 4743: 4726: 4647: 4561:

had a more overtly-militant pose, both in sound and manner. In 1993, the

4524: 4370: 4319: 4301: 4131: 3943: 3900: 3636: 3580: 3524: 3397: 3386: 3270: 3216: 3126: 3106: 3086: 3058: 3029: 3013: 3001: 2989: 2969: 2916: 2878: 2874: 2858: 2596: 2580: 2480: 2453: 2413: 2234: 2152: 2061: 1906: 1821: 1663: 1581: 1577: 1557: 1511: 1396: 1265: 761: 736: 656: 548: 504: 464: 439: 389: 374: 354: 299: 144: 93: 16909: 15832:

Quand le rap sort de sa bulle sociologie politique d'un succès populaire

14990:"How Streaming Revolutionized Rap's Album Rollouts On The Road To No. 1" 14964:"Doja Cat Surpasses Drake as Rapper with Most Monthly Spotify Listeners" 14598:"Hip Hop Awards 2023: London on da Track's Memorable Chart-Topping Hits" 13781:"Exclusive: Jay-Z's Next LP Will Be 'The Most Experimental I Ever Made'" 12630: 12384: 12066:"hip-hop (music and cultural movement) – Britannica Online Encyclopedia" 11914: 10484: 9388: 9211:"'Hip-Hop Nation' Is Exhibit A for America's Latest Cultural Revolution" 8122: 8090: 7696:, Badvajzer, and others. During the late 1990s hip hop had a boom, with 5985: 4173: 3651:

was formed in 1988 in the suburb of South Gate outside Los Angeles when

3643:

recorded their first song under the label "Disco Dreams" in 1981, while

3215:

behaved similarly, eventually evolving into underground styles known as

479: 21081: 21028: 21018: 20981: 20963: 20912: 20877: 20765: 20748: 20686: 20669: 20659: 20587: 20497: 20472: 20403: 20337: 20325: 20181: 20090: 20085: 20004: 19967: 19915: 19812: 19807: 19797: 19740: 19652: 19625: 19590: 19570: 19543: 19513: 19484: 19400: 19395: 19390: 19329: 19279: 19169: 19125: 18982: 18723: 18703: 18578: 18573: 18492: 18332: 18158: 17504: 17497: 17355: 17165: 17123: 17108: 17051: 17002: 16997: 16968: 16753: 16735: 16395: 13778: 13718:"Common Praises Kanye's Singing; Lupe Fiasco Plays CEO: Mixtape Monday" 13220:"5 Reasons Soulja Boy Is The Most Influential Rapper Of His Generation" 10724:"Roland launch new versions of the iconic 808, 909 and 303 instruments" 9646: 8106: 7751: 7709: 7681: 7472: 7445: 7435: 7393: 7304: 7260: 7224: 7216: 7196: 7152: 7072: 6831: 6811: 6775: 6742: 6623: 6619: 6592: 6580: 6536: 6524: 6492: 6484: 6450: 6426: 6377: 6373: 6337: 6332: 6137: 6075: 6068: 6036: 5970: 5886: 5833: 5795: 5753: 5726: 5660: 5648: 5590: 5404: 5334: 5298: 5276: 5264: 5196: 5083: 5043: 4980: 4950: 4929: 4924: 4860: 4807: 4747: 4685: 4681: 4504: 4395: 4358: 4354: 4333: 4328: 4247: 3994: 3984: 3831: 3805: 3797: 3708:. As with the hip hop preceding it (which subsequently became known as 3516: 3278: 3245: 3177: 3054: 2852: 2846: 2796: 2727: 2718: 2678: 2533: 2476: 2405: 2366: 2338: 2264: 2089: 2053: 2049: 1934: 1725: 1612: 1589: 1585: 1553: 1545: 1401: 711: 666: 494: 484: 449: 444: 429: 414: 394: 216: 211: 78: 20450: 16025:

Popularity of Hip Hop Among Nigeria Youth: The Role of Multilingualism

15676: 13661:"Dizzee Rascal – Dizzee And Eminem Land Fastest-Selling No 1S Of 2009" 13270:"After 21% Decline In Sales, Rap Industry Takes A Hard Look At Itself" 11137: 10560: 9450: 7220: 6957:

famous rappers from New York City of Puerto Rican origin are the late

6442: 6386: 5669: 5474: 20882: 20845: 20743: 20718: 20607: 20562: 20546: 20492: 20418: 20408: 20386: 20308: 20293: 20273: 20233: 20223: 20149: 20129: 20075: 20036: 20014: 19994: 19952: 19864: 19824: 19615: 19555: 19455: 19433: 19417: 19378: 19363: 19319: 19237: 19232: 19222: 18793: 18788: 18778: 18773: 18768: 18312: 17547: 17475: 17340: 17305: 17285: 17245: 17086: 16946: 16931: 15400:"The globalization of hip-hop starts and ends with 'Where You're At'" 15322:"Doja Cat Surpasses Drake as Most Monthly Streamed Rapper on Spotify" 14869:"Hip-Hop Takes the Throne, Passes Rock as Most Consumed Genre in U.S" 14574: 11784: 8715: 8617:"50 Years of Hip-Hop's Influence on the Culture and Social Movements" 7653: 7570: 7562: 7519: 7500: 7476: 7371: 7347: 7332: 7312: 7296: 7256: 7232: 7212: 7171:, for example, became a genre of its own and spawned artists such as 7082: 7079:, has spent his career advocating for black youth in Rio de Janeiro. 6945: 6912: 6888: 6839: 6807: 6763: 6670: 6631: 6556: 6508: 6504: 6472: 6464: 6413: 6345: 6301: 6218: 5918: 5911: 5874: 5829: 5745: 5722: 5636: 5346: 5302: 5256: 5140: 5103: 5033: 5022: 4972: 4968: 4831: 4803: 4709: 4697: 4693: 4576: 4536: 4378: 4366: 4261: 3931: 3705: 3644: 3617: 3437: 3359: 3286: 3130: 3098: 2997: 2977: 2882: 2832: 2759: 2690: 2525: 2323: 2319: 2290: 2143: 2127: 2112: 2057: 2029: 1778: 1659: 1608: 1523: 741: 651: 623: 613: 568: 349: 339: 319: 241: 191: 122: 20031: 15995: 13252:"How Soulja Boy & Myspace Brought Hip-Hop into the Internet Era" 13079:

Jon%2C%20Ying%20Yang%20Twins%20and%20Three%206%20Mafia "Crunk Music"

12037:

Kyllonen, Tommy (2007). "An unorthodox culture: hip-hop's history".

11716: 8354:: Hip-Hop is the catch-all term for rap and the culture it spawned. 5700:

of influence. Glitch hop contains echoes of 1980s pop music, Indian

5013: 4164:

wrote that hip hop "has grown into the most exciting development in

4001:, and was popularized in the later part of the 1980s by groups like 3678: 3396:

technology became more advanced. However, earlier producers such as

3257:" (1981), a single consisting entirely of sampled tracks as well as 3156:'s "Play at Your Own Risk" (1982), C Bank's "One More Shot" (1982), 1716:. The United States also saw the success of regional styles such as 21135: 20917: 20813: 20770: 20753: 20728: 20639: 20572: 20567: 20524: 20519: 20465: 20443: 20255: 20250: 20119: 20100: 20048: 19940: 19901: 19869: 19859: 19854: 19839: 19834: 19760: 19745: 19657: 19550: 19314: 19144: 18683: 18327: 17514: 17420: 17395: 17380: 17320: 17295: 17290: 17275: 17255: 17158: 17012: 17007: 16894: 16728: 16721: 15767:

CRESPPA - Centre de Recherches Sociologiques et Politiques de Paris

15306: 13469: 12935: 8876: 8823:. Oxford University Press, September 2020. Web. September 17, 2020. 8347: 7724: 7720: 7673: 7622: 7586: 7578: 7288: 7240: 7156: 7138: 7095: 7060: 7044: 7023:

live in economically disadvantaged communities, known in Brazil as

7004: 6920: 6896: 6884: 6843: 6803: 6799: 6768: 6696: 6588: 6572: 6568: 6552: 6532: 6390: 6325: 6250: 6241: 6206: 6133: 6102: 6031: 5990: 5962: 5765: 5749: 5685: 5506: 5490: 5458: 5448: 5400: 5318: 5184: 5132: 4771: 4621: 4571:

revitalized the New York hip hop scene by pioneering an East Coast

4520: 4021:

with the criminal elements and crime stories found in gangsta rap.

3989: 3976: 3777: 3660: 3504: 2936: 2840: 2437: 2429: 2085: 1721: 1709: 1705: 1682: 1666: 1616: 1565: 716: 696: 638: 618: 598: 578: 509: 454: 364: 294: 274: 236: 226: 149: 16392:

Spectacular Vernaculars: Hip-Hop and the Politics of Postmodernism

15302:"XXXTentacion's '?' Becomes Spotify's No. 1 Rap Album Of All Time" 14198:"The 50 Greatest Vocoder Songs – #50 Snoop Dogg – Sexual Eruption" 13439:"Soulja Boy Tell 'Em – Souljaboytellem.com – Hip Hop Album Review" 12833:"The Slim Shady LP > Charts & Awards > Billboard Albums" 12258:"Hardcore Rap: Significant Albums, Artists and Songs, Most Viewed" 10302: 10300: 2021: 20723: 20706: 20514: 20477: 20369: 20320: 20107: 19817: 18548: 18517: 18512: 17425: 17390: 17375: 17265: 17235: 16694: 16334: 14852:"Nielsen Says Hip-Hop/R&B is Now Most Consumed Genre in U.S." 13779:

Kash, Tim; Reid, Shaheem; Rodriguez, Jayson (September 3, 2009).

13182:"From Crunk to Snap to Trap: A Brief History of Southern Hip Hop" 10955:"Wilson, Greg, "Electro-Funk-What Did It All Mean" November 2002" 8741: 8527:"Nielsen Says Hip-Hop/R&B Is Now Most Consumed Genre in U.S." 7713: 7649: 7610: 7602: 7492: 7484: 7464: 7457: 7449: 7389: 7355: 7351: 7342: 7324: 7300: 7090: 7076: 7064: 7032: 6997:

helped popularize Cuban hip hop. Famous Cuban rap groups include

6962: 6958: 6924: 6916: 6870: 6855: 6795: 6716: 6708: 6700: 6596: 6564: 6454: 6381: 6278: 6266: 6222: 6190: 6155: 5993:

were successful online and with singles, despite low album sales.

5907: 5900: 5853: 5837: 5821: 5734: 5713: 5689: 5644: 5632: 5586: 5548: 5524: 5482: 5428: 5416: 5412: 5408: 5396: 5384: 5360: 5136: 5112: 5098: 5093: 4872: 4856: 4791: 4787: 4779: 4436:

These graffiti arts are a tribute to East and West Coast rappers

4362: 4314: 4282: 4224: 4186: 3904:

writer Todd "Stereo" Williams also cites the May 1986 release of

3827: 3756: 3701: 3682: 3652: 3449: 3445: 3157: 3142: 3009: 3005: 2993: 2973: 2554: 2521: 2495:

talk of the post WWII swing era in the late 1940s and the 1950s.

2381: 2377: 2286: 2151:

records where they would rap to the beat. Popular tunes included

1942: 1825: 1813: 1809: 1623:". Hip-hop's early evolution occurred as sampling technology and 1603:

became increasingly popular in New York City, particularly among

1549: 1528: 746: 706: 691: 676: 633: 593: 558: 136: 42: 16050:"Hip hop is the genre that has fed most other genres - MI Abaga" 13493:"For the future of hip-hop, all that glitters is not gold teeth" 10212:. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. December 13, 1986. pp. 21–. 7902:"Kool Herc and the History (and Mystery) of Hip-Hop's First Day" 3237: 21033: 20946: 20855: 20577: 20509: 20487: 20428: 20391: 20283: 20154: 20144: 20026: 20009: 19947: 19750: 19682: 19533: 19528: 19334: 18967: 18658: 18497: 17843: 17385: 17103: 16904: 14836: 13899:"Class Is In Session An Interview With Rapper Professor A.L.I." 11501:"How Run-D.M.C.'s 'Raising Hell' Launched Hip-Hop's Golden Age" 10608:. (Expanded Third Edition) London: Serpent's Tail, pp. 150–151 10297: 9818:"Muhammad Ali: World's Greatest Boxer Was Also Hip-Hop Pioneer" 9538: 8263: 7932: 7735: 7645: 7554: 7272: 7204: 7168: 7134: 7056: 7024: 6994: 6990: 6900: 6892: 6747: 6639: 6409: 6329: 6305: 6090: 5922: 5774: 5757: 5738: 5544: 5520: 5432: 5424: 5368: 5364: 5330: 4894: 4889:

took West Coast rap in a new direction, influenced strongly by

4868: 4811: 4598: 4382: 4324: 4056: 4014: 3752: 3664: 3572: 3508: 3492: 3453: 3302: 3290: 3266: 3220: 3169: 3050: 2981: 2965: 2766:. Dillinger scored the first international rap hit record with 2550: 2508: 2468: 2433: 2056:

breaks of popular songs. This technique was common in Jamaican

1847: 1674: 1537: 1068: 701: 379: 284: 16352:. Tinicum, PA: Xlibris Corporation/The Lightning Source, Inc. 15474:

Negro soy yo: hip hop and raced citizenship in neoliberal Cuba

15258:"We've Only Begun to Understand XXXTentacion's Musical Legacy" 14913:"What Will 2020 Sound Like? Experts Predict the Future of Rap" 13345:

Rideout, Victoria; Roberts, Donald F.; Foehr, Ulla F. (2005).

9984:"The Sequence: The Funked-Up Legacy of Hip-Hop's First Ladies" 9091:

Crossley, Scott. "Metaphorical Conceptions in Hip-Hop Music",

8577:"Hip hop and R&B surpass rock as biggest U.S. music genre" 3993:. The genre was pioneered in the mid-1980s by rappers such as 3207:

were all members of third s latter group. In Washington, D.C.

21003: 20926: 20433: 20303: 19667: 19443: 19002: 18783: 18708: 18698: 18623: 18618: 18543: 18502: 17370: 17360: 17170: 16963: 16941: 16376:

Rose, Tricia (1994). "Black Noise". Middletown, Connecticut:

14146: 13947:"Why Hip-Hop Fans Miss the Blog Era - Trapital by Dan Runcie" 13633: 13526:"Music sales fall to their lowest level in over twenty years" 11527: 11525: 11523: 10459:

Chris Heard, Thursday, October 14, 2004, 08:52 GMT 09:52 UK.

10246:

Last Night a DJ Saved My Life: The History of the Disc Jockey

9429:"Culture – 40 years on from the party where hip hop was born" 9185: 9043:"Jalal Mansur Nuriddin: farewell to the 'grandfather of rap'" 8837:. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press. Chapter 21. 7677: 7594: 7532: 7528: 7524: 7496: 7268: 7252: 7244: 7236: 7118: 6859: 6835: 6488: 6422: 6294: 6179: 5848:. The style was pioneered and commercialized by artists from 5811: 5380: 5376: 5317:. Also achieving similar levels of success at this time were 4775: 4759: 4731: 4285:

to a new level of popularity. It was the first hip-hop album

4212: 4026: 4002: 3998: 3820:

made unique contributions as well, earning a Grammy in 1993.

3717: 3441: 3282: 3208: 3070: 2747: 2739: 2686: 2682: 2546: 2424:; "Al-Naafiysh (The Soul)" and "We're Rocking the Planet" by 2096: 2080: 2041: 1922: 1842: 1717: 1643: 686: 671: 459: 399: 334: 73: 16657: 15828: 15713: 15675:

Fernandes, Sujatha (2012). Kwame Dixon, John Burdick (ed.).

15627: 15580: 14682:"Looking Back At The Top Hip-Hop Producer Of 2017 On Genius" 14347:"Trap kings: how the hip-hop sub-genre dominated the decade" 12385:"The Chronic > Charts & Awards > Billboard Albums" 11592:

The Cultural Territories of Race: Black and White Boundaries

10801:"Early hip-hop's greatest drum machine just got resurrected" 10352:

Foundation: b-boys, b-girls, and hip-hop culture in New York

9587:, ed. Alan Light, 350-7. New York: Three Rivers Press, 1999. 9087: 9085: 6751:, marked the death of CDs, and thus his subsequent release, 4444:, both of whom were killed in (separate) drive-by shootings. 3338:

The Roland TR-808 Rhythm Composer, a staple sound of hip hop

2614: 2471:

of West African culture. The African American traditions of

1955:

is regarded by some writers as an early example of hip hop.

21120: 20902: 20887: 20644: 18598: 18522: 16563:

Can't Stop, Won't Stop: A History of the Hip-Hop Generation

15996:"Hiphop-festivaali Blockfest myytiin loppuun ennätysajassa" 15716:

La verdad: an international dialogue on hip hop Latinidades

15630:

La verdad: an international dialogue on hip hop Latinidades

15583:

La verdad: an international dialogue on hip hop Latinidades

14759:"Snoop Dogg says new generation of rappers sound identical" 13583:"Rick Ross Debuts At No. 1 On Billboard 200 For Third Time" 12915:. Recording Industry Association of America. Archived from 12770:"The Best Shiny Suits of the Shiny Suit Era | Complex" 9066:

La Verdad: An International Dialogue on Hip Hop Latinidades

8653:, vol. 5, H to K, Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 296 7731:

melodies, dancehall and hip-hop beats with Swahili lyrics.

7423: 7407: 7280: 6471:

Major artists to arise from the genre in the 2010s include

6317: 6058: 5880: 5705: 5701: 5510: 5462: 5392: 5280: 4815: 4795: 4499:

In the early 1990s East Coast hip hop was dominated by the

4293: 3568: 3417:

did not have to create complex, time-consuming tape loops.

3405: 3273:", (1982) which signified the fusion of hip hop music with 3090: 2820: 2558: 2529: 2331: 2178: 2045: 1926: 1918: 88: 68: 16663: 16464:

Can't Stop Won't Stop: A History of the Hip-Hop Generation

16350:

A Brief History of Rhyme and Bass: Growing Up With Hip Hop

15873:

Le rap ou L'artisanat de la rime: stylistique de l'egotrip

14787:"Black Thought On Mumble Rap: 'I Essentially Invented It'" 13809: 13557:"Eminem's Relapse Notches Biggest Billboard Debut Of 2009" 12159:"The music dies for once popular 'Guitar Hero' video game" 11520: 10977:« on peut dire aujourd'hui que Sidney est le papa du 10872:(Expanded Third Edition), London: Serpent's Tail, p. 151, 9059: 9057: 8297:

Can't Stop Won't Stop: A History of the Hip Hop Generation

5832:

in the southern United States in the 1990s, influenced by

5816: 4199:

put hip hop music's commercial emergence into perspective:

3436:

multi-layered instrumental accompaniment. Artists such as

3255:

The Adventures of Grandmaster Flash on the Wheels of Steel

2452:, the first all-female group to release a hit rap record, 2330:

drum machine. Mellotrons and Linn's were succeeded by the

1642:

was the first mainstream wave of the genre, marked by its

16000: 15829:

Brunon, Laura; Fernandez, Mariano; Impr. Chirat) (2010).

15348:"Eminem Takes 11th Spot in Most Streamed Artists of 2021" 14763: 14658: 14602: 14173:"How Auto-Tune Revolutionized the Sound of Popular Music" 13812:"Jay-Z Hopes Bands Like Grizzly Bear Will 'Push Hip-Hop'" 13784: 13756:. London: Guardian News and Media Ltd. November 9, 2008. 13224: 10119:

Black Radio ... Winner Takes All: America's 1St Black Djs

9082: 7959: 7956:"50 years of hip-hop: A genre born from a backyard party" 6973:

on the American charts, Mexican rap rock groups, such as

6771:", insisting that it was neither a mixtape nor an album. 6437:. Non-rappers have also experimented with trap, such as " 6019: 5954: 5891: 5684:

Glitch hop and wonky music evolved following the rise of

5420: 5059: 4740:(1996) are made up of beats from this pool of producers. 4671: 4642: 4616: 4592: 4532: 3858: 3655:(born in Havana) and his younger brother Ulpiano Sergio ( 3141:'s "Riot in Lagos". The Planet Rock sound also spawned a 2642: 2365:

or base that could be rapped over in a manner similar to

2052:. Due to the positive reception, DJs began isolating the 14731:"Rick Rubin Says Eminem Is Frustrated With 'Mumble Rap'" 14542:"How Metro Boomin Made Trap Music Sound Like a Symphony" 13973:"Where Are They Now? 20 Icons Of The "Hip Hop Blog" Era" 13200: 12704:"The Complete History Of "Bling Bling" | The FADER" 11717:

Avis Thomas-Lester; Marylou Tousignant (June 25, 1992).

10374:, p.94, ?, 96. New York. New York: Serpent's Tail. 10115: 9956: 9241: 8922:"The Jubalaires Were Doing Gospel Rap Back in the 1940s" 6265:" respectively, by releasing their music on free online 6089:

Charts. In the first half of 2009 alone artists such as

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magazine to question if mainstream hip-hop was "dying."

5977:) and paving the way for a new wave of younger artists. 4750:

performing at the 2009 Fresh Fest concert in Los Angeles

2734:, Count Machuki, Johnny Lover (who 'versioned' songs by 1982:

Hip hop as music and culture formed during the 1970s in

30:"Hip hop" redirects here. For its cultural origins, see 13610:"Black Eyed Peas 'E.N.D.' Up At No. 1 On Billboard 200" 11953: 11111:"In Search of the Golden Age Hip-Hop Sound (1986–1996)" 9054: 8009:"Rappers Singing on Their Own Songs for the First Time" 6367: 5231: 4055:

Assistant Director, Milt Ahlerich, strongly expressing

3606:

became France's first black TV presenter with his show

2812: 11463:"From Kool Herc to 50 Cent, the story of rap – so far" 11388:"From Kool Herc to 50 Cent, the story of rap – so far" 9108: 9106: 9063: 6891:. Other rappers with high streams in 2021 were Drake, 6673:

emerged before his death. The 2020s decade began with

6233:

achieved considerable worldwide recognition. In 2009,

6105:

all had albums that reached the No. 1 position on the

3555:

introduced hip hop to an international audience with "

2579:

format were the source and inspiration of Soul singer

16458:. Retrieved December 4, 2006. From Ohio Link Database 15232:"Tay-K will be charged in Chick-fil-A shooting death" 11826:. Vol. 135. New York. p. 60. Archived from 9476:"hip-hop | Definition, History, Culture, & Facts" 8835:

Life and Death on the New York Dance Floor, 1980–1983

6948:

performing at Razel and Friends – Brooklyn Bowl, 2016

5828:

Crunk is a regional hip hop genre that originated in

4264:

hit mainstream success with the multi-platinum album

3937: 2923:" as the source of beats for their 1979 hip hop hit " 16127:"Spotify hails Olamide as top street pop influencer" 15552:. New York: New York University Press. p. 219. 15107:"More Life Is Another Smart Career Swerve for Drake" 15085:"Kanye Announces the Death of CDs (His Own, Anyway)" 13347:"Generation M: Media in the Lives of 8–18 Year-Olds" 12978:"'High School Musical 2' Starts Third Week At No. 1" 10982:

vocations (Joey Starr, Passi, Stomy Bugsy...) »

10294:'Le Rap Est Né en Jamaïque' (Le Castor Astral, 2009) 9626: 8976: 8454:

International Journal of Urban and Regional Research

7761: 7754:. Drake was the most streamed artist of the decade. 7684:

hip hop first appeared during the 1980s mostly with

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In Asia, mainstream stars rose to prominence in the

5794:

as well as a prominent (yet uncredited) spot during

5247:

During the late 1990s, in the wake of the deaths of

4959:

Detached from this scene were other artists such as

3734:, which was the first rap album to hit No. 1 on the 3551:

were among the first pop songs to use rap. In 1982,

3464:

is widely considered to be the pioneering force for

2927:". Pictured is the Sugarhill Gang at a 2016 concert. 1917:

Musical genres from which hip hop developed include

16549:

Groove Music. The Art and Culture of the Hip Hop DJ

15940:"Sefyu: Retour sur la carrière du rappeur d'Aulnay" 13344: 13156:"Dirty Decade: Rap Music from the South: 1997–2007" 12455: 12329:"1994: The (Second) Most Important Year In Hip Hop" 10156:"The Tennessee Radio Hall of Fame - 2015 Inductees" 9291:"Interview w/ DJ Kool Herc: 1989 New Music Seminar" 9103: 8738:"Afrika Bambaataa talks about the roots of Hip Hop" 7672:enjoying mainstream popularity in the 1990s, while 6304:vocal effect was bolstered in popularity by rapper 3776:drew on eclectic sources. There was often a strong 3616:helped launch other French hip hop stars including 2898: 2666:), which could be heard over the radio in Jamaica. 2557:had a southern drawl that listeners to Nashville's 1615:breaks of popular songs using two turntables and a 13810:Kash, Tim; Montgomery, James (September 3, 2009). 13634:Monica Herrera; Keith Caulfield (August 5, 2009). 12584:Ambrose, Joe (2001). "Moshing – An Introduction". 12060: 12058: 11109:Duinker, Ben; Martin, Denis (September 26, 2017). 10182:"The Tennessee Radio Hall of Fame – Class of 2012" 10049: 9354:"Birthplace Of Hip Hop – History Detectives – PBS" 8364: 6024:Generation M: Media in the Lives of 8–18 Year-Olds 4967:, as well as more underground artists such as the 4270:. The record reached No. 1 and the first single, " 4076:and various police advocacy groups. Consequently, 3408:sampling-delay units through a Roland 808. Later, 3327:. Hip hop prior to this shift is characterized as 3285:'s "Beat Bop" (1983) was a 'slow jam' which had a 1975:, who gained a wide audience with his 1971 track " 19058: 16101:"The Nigerian rapper with a coat of many colours" 11847: 11845: 11566:. Rap.about.com. October 31, 2009. Archived from 11404: 10083:. Arcadia Publishing Incorporated. pp. 57–. 9064:Castillo-Garsow, Melissa; Nichols, Jason (2016). 8650:A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles 8646: 8236:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 17. 8179: 8177: 5337:influences in his music. The New Orleans upstart 3639:, combining English and Spanish in their lyrics. 2935:recordings of live party shows and early hip hop 2662:of the 1950s, which rhymed and was influenced by 1912: 1767:A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles 21152: 18877: 15944:Hip Hop Corner: Actu rap français, US et culture 15189:"XXXTentacion Hit With Even More Felony Charges" 14286: 14139:"I Am T-Pain by Smule – Experience Social Music" 11433: 11431: 10890:Jennifer Lucy Allan, Oren Ambarchi, Matt Anker, 10572: 9812: 9810: 9598:The Rap Attack: African Jive to New York Hip Hop 9068:. Columbus: Ohio University Press. pp. ix. 8980:; Murray, Nick; Spanos, Brittany (May 2, 2015). 8502: 6737:, being the first streaming album ever to win a 6118: 3244:, who is also a record producer, manipulating a 2079:Because the percussive breaks in funk, soul and 1840:used the term when the music was still known as 16436:Fricke, Jim and Ahearn, Charlie (eds). (2002). 14170: 13388:. National Public Radio – All Things Considered 13386:"Is Hip-Hop Dying Or Has It Moved Underground?" 12855:"Chart History: 50 Cent – Billboard Global 200" 12055: 11556: 11104: 11102: 10721: 9504:"The Story of Rapper's Delight by Nile Rodgers" 9303: 8982:"20 Best Covers of Ben E. King's 'Stand by Me'" 8389: 7183:and many more. Germany produced the well-known 6869:The most streamed hip hop album of all time on 6115:was one of the fastest selling albums of 2009. 4688:but also for other affiliated artists, such as 4189:were hip hop songs. In a similar 1990 article, 2819:Often these were collaborations between former 2396:and/or sequencing portions of other songs by a 16348:Corvino, Daniel and Livernoche, Shawn (2000). 15678:Comparative Perspectives on Afro-Latin America 15471: 15440:(1st ed.). New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 12486: 12361:. Trutv.com. November 30, 1994. Archived from 11842: 10491: 10076: 10052:Radio Voices: American Broadcasting, 1922–1952 10047: 9934: 9932: 9148: 9146: 8174: 7410:caused significant controversy with his music. 6618:Critics of the trap genre have used the term " 6257:, managed to attain chart-topping hit songs, " 5733:as well as independent hip hop producers like 5573: 5123:Christgau's Consumer Guide: Albums of the '90s 5079:3 Years, 5 Months and 2 Days in the Life Of... 2444:, credited with being the first female MC and 19044: 18863: 18433: 16679: 15373:"Year-End Charts: Rap Streaming Song Artists" 14626:"10 Essential London On Da Track Productions" 14166: 14164: 12762: 12736: 11631:. Los Angeles Newspaper group. Archived from 11428: 11108: 10249:. Grove/Atlantic, Incorporated. p. 249. 10242: 9842: 9807: 9242:Farley, Christopher John (October 18, 1999). 9181: 9179: 8857:Hagar, Steven. "Afrika Bambaataa's Hip-Hop", 7953: 6923:. The most streamed rap album of all time on 5654: 5180:Reachin' (A New Refutation of Time and Space) 4650:lyrical content. Wu-Tang solo albums such as 2669:The first records by Jamaican DJs, including 2318:', early examples of which would include the 1572:is sometimes used synonymously with the term 16320:Rap Attack II: African Rap To Global Hip Hop 15976:(in Finnish). Visit Tampere Matkailuneuvonta 15296: 15294: 15256:Weingarten, Christopher R. (June 19, 2018). 14511: 13830: 13689: 13466:"Is Sampling Dead? | by Matthew Newton" 12678:"Bling Era Playlist | Creative Control" 12517: 12298: 12276: 11595:. University of Chicago Press. p. 334. 11099: 10520:"Hip Hop On Wax: Lady B – To The Beat Y'All" 10372:Rap Attack II: African Rap To Global Hip Hop 10236: 9634:That's the joint! The hip-hop studies reader 9274: 9139:. University of Florida Digital Collections. 7899: 5566:'s record for most number one albums on the 4790:and Talib Kweli garnered success) and later 3848:. Referring to "hip-hop in its golden age", 3741: 3350:Rhythm Composer. It was one of the earliest 3226: 2483:all influence hip hop music, as well as the 2267:, the endless quotabl" lines. According to 2203:pent-up energy." Tony Tone, a member of the 2010:were of Latin American or Caribbean origin. 1854:in 1979 in one of the earliest rap records " 1518:that originated in the early 1970s from the 27:Rhythmic music accompanied by rhyming speech 16283:"The Decade in Canadian Hip-hop, 2010–2020" 16027:. Lap Lambert Academic Publishing GmbH KG. 15914:"Sefyu: les 15 ans de "Qui suis-je ?"" 14457: 14394: 13692:"Kanye Defeats 50 Cent On U.K. Album Chart" 13001:"5 Artists Who Are Masters of Glitch Music" 11811: 11809: 11807: 11743: 11085: 11073:"Hip hop's golden age: Where are they now?" 11067: 11065: 10985:H.I.P H.O.P – L'émission Mythique de Sidney 10870:Rap Attack 3: African Rap To Global Hip Hop 10606:Rap Attack 3: African Rap to Global Hip Hop 10116:Marsha Washington George (March 28, 2002). 9982:Weingarten, Christopher R. (May 24, 2017). 9929: 9704: 9702: 9700: 9673: 9569:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 9208: 9143: 8948:"Book claims Ali was first champion of rap" 8706: 8704: 8702: 7865: 7863: 6977:, rose to prominence in their native land. 4595:'s early production with the Wu-Tang Clan. 3647:from Los Angeles began his career in 1982. 2337:Turntablist techniques – such as rhythmic " 1650:was the genre's second wave, marked by its 19051: 19037: 18870: 18856: 18440: 18426: 16686: 16672: 16256:"BET Hip Hop Awards 2023: All the winners" 15746:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 15660:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 15613:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 15504:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 15255: 15136:"The Rowdy World of Rap's New Underground" 15133: 14651: 14161: 14049: 11439:"Spin magazine picks Radiohead CD as best" 11216:"Spin magazine picks Radiohead CD as best" 11093:"What's the Greatest Year in Rap History?" 10722:Beaumont-Thomas, Ben (February 14, 2016). 10070: 10041: 9981: 9797: 9795: 9793: 9723:"Bringing that beat back – on the E train" 9612:"Grand Master Mele Mel: Gun Show Part One" 9403:The guide to United States popular culture 9176: 9051:, 6 June 2018. Retrieved December 7, 2018. 8350:article for Hip-hop/Urban, retrieved from 7925: 7877:. Urban Jazz, Incorporated. Archived from 7577:. Prominent South African rappers include 7358:is the largest hip hop music event in the 6209:list of "World's Most Influential People". 5651:began to achieve significant recognition. 5143:— respective fusions of hip hop and rock, 5002: 4122: 4080:refused to release Ice-T's upcoming album 3763:were key performers in golden age hip hop. 3032:. Despite the genre's growing popularity, 2903: 2372: 21126:Music technology (electronic and digital) 16622: 16202: 15674: 15291: 14679: 14458:Unterberger, Andrew (December 13, 2019). 13995: 13736: 13607: 13024: 12913:"Gold and Platinum – Diamond Awards" 12554: 12230: 11954:CHRISTOPHER JOHN FARLEY (June 24, 2001). 11915:"Please Hammer, Don't Hurt 'Em: Overview" 11773: 11771: 11136: 11126: 9957:Sha Rock And Iesha Brown (May 28, 2010). 9923: 9850:"Muhammad Ali: 4 Ways He Changed America" 9534:"Tenants Might Buy Birthplace of Hip-Hop" 9416:The Freshest Kids: A History of the B-Boy 9395: 9014:"Did Pigmeat Release First Hip-Hop Song?" 8663: 8513:Know What I Mean?: Reflections on Hip-Hop 8231: 7396:and grime popularized by indie rock band 7311:. Italy found its own rappers, including 7133:, a recording by Santi Y Sus Duendes and 7129:to display their national origin. In the 5824:is one of crunk's most prominent figures. 5159:combined hip hop elements with the local 2615:Jamaican origins of outdoor sound systems 16177:Idawo, Anu-Oluwapo (November 17, 2022). 15522:. CNN. November 22, 2002. Archived from 14987: 14291:. Topman. Sabotage Times. Archived from 14001: 13322:Milloy, Courtland (September 19, 2007). 12998: 12577: 12523: 12156: 12036: 11987:"The Talk of the Town: Under the Hammer" 11804: 11777: 11499:Williams, Todd "Stereo" (May 16, 2016). 11498: 11165:"Hip-Hop's Raiders of the Lost Archives" 11062: 10829: 10651: 10423: 10362: 10360: 10200: 9697: 9681:"A Rolling Shout-Out to Hip-Hop History" 9639: 8832: 8804: 8699: 8629: 8300:. New York: St. Martin's Press. p. 7860: 7734:In the 2010s, hip hop became popular in 7537: 7401: 7341: 7147: 7075:. One of Brazil's most popular rappers, 7003: 6940: 6883:In 2021, the most streamed rappers were 6864: 6707:The rise of streaming platforms such as 6699:was the most streamed rapper of 2021 on 6691: 6459: 6385: 6189: 6132: 5984: 5890: 5881:Snap music and influence of the Internet 5840:, said that it was a fusion of hip hop, 5815: 5668: 5519: 5359: 5235: 5226: 5012: 4851: 4742: 4700:, and supplying beats for many others), 4597: 4487: 4402: 4304:was the first hip hop single to top the 4126: 3822: 3751: 3677: 3423: 3380: 3333: 3236: 3113:" as the foundation for their 1979 hit " 2907: 2300: 2118: 2020: 1792: 1548:defined by four key stylistic elements: 16505: 16203:Timeslive, timeslive (September 2017). 16124: 16047: 15467: 15465: 15397: 14595: 14375:"How Trap Music Came to Rule the World" 14280: 14259: 13554: 13523: 13406: 13358:(March). Menlo Park, CA. 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Jockey jack is the infamous 2545:too were African American, playing the 2252:—the song itself is usually considered 1762:George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham 14: 21153: 16604:"National Geographic Hip Hop Overview" 16479:Chang, Jeff (November–December 2007). 16442:Oral History of Hip Hop's First Decade 16322:. New York. New York: Serpent's Tail. 16075:"Nigerian hip hop grows in popularity" 15911: 15760: 15543: 15541: 15433: 14988:Thompson, Bonsu (September 28, 2017). 14567: 14241:from the original on December 27, 2012 14171:Reynolds, Simon (September 17, 2018). 14050:Caramanica, Jon (September 12, 2008). 13505:from the original on February 20, 2021 13490: 13463: 13321: 13290: 13153: 13076: 13050: 12893:from the original on September 7, 2009 12878: 12405: 12339:from the original on February 20, 2021 12183: 12157:Martinez, Michael (February 9, 2011). 12125: 11768: 11746:"Ice-T and Warner Are Parting Company" 11664:from the original on September 7, 2012 11653: 11588: 11145:from the original on November 25, 2019 10799:Baldwin, Roberto (February 14, 2014). 10690: 10517: 10263:from the original on November 24, 2018 10122:. Xlibris Corporation. pp. 100–. 9720: 9188:"What is "Dub" music anyway? (Reggae)" 8748:from the original on December 21, 2021 8157:"News-Press 06 Jul 1984, page Page 43" 7981:"Rappers Are Singers Now. Thank Drake" 6936: 5411:-oriented style, while others such as 3462:Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five 3101:and dubbing over them with MC rhymes. 3074:American and Italian-American-created 2713:in 1969). The first DJ hit record was 2216:Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five 1830:Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five 1746:significant cultural force worldwide. 19032: 18851: 18421: 18380:LGBT representations in hip hop music 16667: 16478: 16293:from the original on February 3, 2021 16280: 16176: 16125:Okwuego, Oluchi (December 21, 2023). 16022: 15695:from the original on December 3, 2017 15547: 15437:New York Ricans from the hip hop zone 15398:Nawotka, Edward (December 10, 2004). 14680:Partridge, Ken (September 15, 2023). 14652:Carmichael, Rodney (April 25, 2017). 14596:Germain, Tabie (September 12, 2024). 14287:Joseph Patterson (January 19, 2013). 14119:from the original on January 20, 2016 14034: 14028: 14016:from the original on October 27, 2012 14002:Morpurgo, Joseph (October 23, 2012). 13836: 13760:from the original on December 1, 2008 13419:from the original on February 6, 2011 13383: 13355:The Henry J. 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In former 7664:and cemented later, with groups like 5557:, which debuted at number one on the 4841: 4503:posse, which was loosely composed of 4477: 4409:East Coast–West Coast hip hop rivalry 4074:National Rifle Association of America 4062:Controversy surrounded Ice-T's album 3064: 2463:and bear similarities to traditional 1749: 15781: 15512: 15472:Perry, Marc D. (December 30, 2015). 15462: 14936: 14623: 14210:from the original on January 1, 2012 14098: 14082:Singers do better with T-Pain relief 14052:"The Mining of Hip-Hop's Golden Age" 13949:. September 19, 2020. Archived from 13715: 13536:from the original on August 25, 2011 13491:Crouch, Stanley (December 8, 2008). 13464:Newton, Matthew (December 1, 2008). 13158:. Southernspaces.org. 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According to 2889:, who performed in such a manner on 2831:—now an international organization. 2599:poetry and music by artists such as 2583:, and musical 'comedy' acts such as 1977:The Revolution Will Not Be Televised 15864: 15538: 15033:. February 10, 2017. 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It is typified by 5570:magazine charts by a solo artist. 4826:. Other acts such as the Hispanic 4470:(and his Los Angeles-based label, 3938:Gangsta rap and West Coast hip hop 3924:(1987), and Eric B. & Rakim's 2459:The roots of rapping are found in 25: 21207: 21166:African-American cultural history 21131:Recording studio as an instrument 16555: 15790:Les 100 albums légendaires du rap 15134:Caramanica, Jon (June 22, 2017). 14624:Tart, Chris (November 22, 2015). 14439:from the original on May 27, 2013 14062:from the original on May 10, 2013 13716:Reid, Shaheem (October 3, 2008). 13409:"Better as a song or a ring tone" 13232:from the original on June 3, 2020 13131:. October 6, 2006. Archived from 12929: 12190:Consumption Markets & Culture 12076:from the original on May 11, 2011 11985:Cassidy, John (August 19, 1996). 11756:from the original on May 26, 2013 11719:"Reaction to Ice-T Song Heats Up" 11010:. January 8, 2010. 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Interview with 16274: 16248: 16230:"A Brief History of: SA Hip Hop" 16222: 16196: 16170: 16144: 16118: 16098: 16092: 16067: 16041: 16016: 15988: 15962: 15932: 15905: 15822: 15754: 15707: 15668: 15621: 15574: 15427: 15417: 15391: 15365: 15340: 15314: 15277: 15249: 15224: 15203: 15181: 15153: 15127: 15099: 15077: 15049: 15017: 15007: 14981: 14956: 14930: 14905: 14879: 14861: 14844: 14824: 14806: 14779: 14751: 14723: 14701: 14673: 14645: 14617: 14589: 14570:"Pi'erre Bourne's 10 Best Beats" 14561: 14533: 14505: 14477: 14451: 14367: 14339: 14307: 14253: 14222: 14190: 14131: 14105:Lee, Chris (November 15, 2008). 14074: 14043: 13979:. April 29, 2020. Archived from 13965: 13939: 13927:. Greenprophet.com. May 23, 2011 13917: 13891: 13861: 13803: 13772: 13709: 13683: 13653: 13627: 13601: 13575: 13548: 13517: 13484: 13468:. Matthew Newton. Archived from 13457: 13431: 13407:Martens, Todd (April 30, 2009). 13400: 13377: 13338: 13315: 13284: 13272:. Futuremusic.com. April 9, 2006 13262: 13244: 13212: 13174: 13147: 13117: 13070: 13051:Patrin, Nate (August 29, 2008). 13044: 13018: 12992: 12969: 12954: 12932:"MF Doom Biography by Dan LeRoy" 12923: 12905: 12847: 12825: 12794: 12722: 12696: 12670: 12645: 12602: 12548: 12524:Westhoff, Ben (March 18, 2011). 12430: 12399: 12377: 12351: 12320: 12304: 12282: 12250: 12224: 12177: 12150: 12119: 12095:Batey, Angus (October 7, 2010). 12088: 12030: 12004: 11978: 11947: 11921: 11907: 11881: 11744:Sheila Rule (January 29, 1993). 11737: 11710: 11686:Philips, Chuck (July 19, 1992). 11647: 11616: 11532:Philips, Chuck (July 19, 1992). 11492: 11479: 11455: 11437:Jake Coyle of Associated Press, 11307: 11266: 11214:Jake Coyle of Associated Press, 11208: 11157: 11035: 11026: 10996: 10969: 10947: 10917: 10883: 10862: 10823: 10792: 10754: 10703:from the original on May 4, 2020 10598: 10585: 10553: 10534: 10511: 10473: 10453: 10385: 10344: 10285:, New York, Faber and Faber Inc. 9903:Dye, David (February 22, 2007). 9879: 9600:. Boston: South End Press, 1984. 9020:. April 14, 2011. Archived from 8714:. March 17, 2006. Archived from 8712:"Keith Cowboy – The Real Mc Coy" 7954:Juana Summers (August 5, 2023). 7900:David Browne (August 11, 2023). 7792: 7778: 7764: 7370:, a genre of music derived from 6969:. With Hispanic rap groups like 6927:is XXXTentacion's second album, 6903:, Megan Thee Stallion, Cardi B, 6873:is XXXTentacion's second album, 6080:Hip Hop: Beyond Beats and Rhymes 5895:Soulja Boy in an interview with 5836:. One of the pioneers of crunk, 5217:Rebirth of Slick (Cool Like Dat) 4426: 4417: 4274:" charted on the top ten of the 3891:, and ending with the deaths of 3404:, in his case, triggering three 3069:Hip hop music was influenced by 2899:1980s: old-school and new-school 1480: 16653:The Historical Roots of Hip Hop 16625:Written Language & Literacy 16281:Cowie, Del (February 1, 2021). 14540:Gee, Andre (December 7, 2022). 14410:. June 11, 2012. Archived from 14315:"The trap phenomenon explained" 14228: 13837:Jonze, Spike (April 30, 2009). 13077:Adasco, Henry (March 8, 2019). 11250:"Jungle Brothers still untamed" 10693:"The 808 heard round the world" 10326: 10288: 10275: 10174: 10158:. June 14, 2018. Archived from 10148: 10109: 10019: 10001: 9975: 9950: 9896: 9872: 9733: 9714: 9603: 9590: 9577: 9522: 9506:. RapProject.tv. Archived from 9468: 9443: 9421: 9408: 9368: 9346: 9324: 9297: 9283: 9268: 9235: 9202: 9125: 9036: 9006: 8970: 8940: 8914: 8883: 8863: 8851: 8826: 8813: 8798: 8786: 8730: 8674: 8657: 8647:James A.H. Murray, ed. (1901), 8640: 8623: 8609: 8595: 8569: 8543: 8518: 8476: 8441: 8403:. Merriam-Webster, Incorporated 8341: 8318: 8284: 8250: 8225: 8200: 8186:article on rap, retrieved from 7928:"Why Rap Creates Entrepreneurs" 7738:with Canadians rappers such as 6985:that came with the fall of the 6745:has stated that his own album, 6559:, among others. Female rappers 4568:Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers) 4462:(and his New York-based label, 4068:, in particular over its song " 4005:. In 1985 Schoolly D released " 3152:, which included songs such as 2954:King Tim III (Personality Jock) 1885:in a January 1982 interview by 1611:. At block parties, DJs played 15763:"Quarante ans de rap français" 13524:Sabbagh, Dan (June 18, 2008). 13154:Miller, Matt (June 10, 2008). 12999:Pangburn, DJ (June 20, 2018). 12803:"Rockstar Souljah Boy mixtape" 12801:Lilah, Rose (August 1, 2016). 12778:. June 3, 2020. Archived from 12706:. June 3, 2020. Archived from 12680:. June 3, 2020. Archived from 12408:"The Chronic: Dr. Dre: Review" 12097:"The hip-hop heritage society" 11368:"Hip-Hop Below the Mainstream" 11004:"International Man of Mystery" 10540:nciMUSIC – History of Hip Hop 10243:Bill Brewster (May 13, 2014). 10038:, Wayne State University Press 9856:. June 5, 2016. Archived from 9826:. June 4, 2016. Archived from 8767:Chang, Jeff (April 10, 2016). 8448:Lamotte, Martin (March 2014). 8149: 8029: 8001: 7973: 7947: 7919: 7893: 6677:as the first rapper to have a 5864:rhythms are usually used. The 5805: 5263:"), "jiggy era" (derived from 5219:" which reached No. 16 on the 4915:was a big hit with hit songs " 4615:The success of albums such as 4495:at the Virgin Festival in 2007 4466:) and West Coast-based rapper 2654:American radio MCs (including 2388:. Beats, almost always in 4/4 2196:New York City blackout of 1977 1913:1970s: origins and early years 1677:in the early-mid 1990s, while 13: 1: 21094:Electronic musical instrument 16309: 13901:sfbayview.com. Archived from 13555:Kaufman, Gil (May 27, 2009). 13441:. Djbooth.net. Archived from 12835:. AllMusic. February 23, 1999 12387:. AllMusic. December 15, 1992 12202:10.1080/10253866.2021.1990050 12186:"Hip-hop: a marketplace icon" 12184:Polfuß, Jonas (May 4, 2022). 12014:. Sing365.com. Archived from 11788:. p. 1.A. Archived from 10975:MCM retrospective on Sidney: 10501:. Three Rivers Press. p. 28. 10437:. Syracuse University Press. 10281:Cepeda, R., George, N. 2004. 9583:Kenner, Rob. "Dancehall", in 8039:American Behavioral Scientist 7926:Ruth Blatt (April 10, 2014). 7813:Homophobia in hip hop culture 7660:emerged during last years of 6757:was only released digitally. 6119:Innovation and revitalization 5215:. It spawned the hit single " 5187:record sampling the likes of 5021:from the southern U.S. group 4267:Please Hammer, Don't Hurt 'Em 3691:Jason "Jam Master Jay" Mizell 3187:DJ Pete Jones, Eddie Cheeba, 3160:'s "Club Underworld" (1984), 2976:, Chicago, Washington, D.C., 2518:R&B with black announcers 2428:; and "Destination Earth" by 2326:used in combination with the 2296: 18385:Feminist activism in hip hop 16515:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: 14937:Shah, Neil (July 15, 2021). 14039:. No. 1087. p. 40. 12588:. Omnibus Press. p. 5. 11485:Cobb, Jelani William, 2007, 11378:"'It's a Beautiful Feeling'" 10595:, Liverpool University Press 10559:The History Of Hip Hop pg 8 10518:Anonym (February 26, 2004). 10409:. ABC-CLIO. p. xxxiii. 9308:. DJ History. Archived from 8664:Elizabeth, Cummings (1883), 8515:, Basic Civitas Books, p. 6. 7808:Hip hop and social injustice 7704:becoming a major performer. 6719:with no commercial release, 5039:Grip It! On That Other Level 4091:blew away dozens of cops as 3577:Hip Hop, Be Bop (Don't Stop) 2410:Hip Hop, Be Bop (Don't Stop) 2345:, an approach attributed to 1765:dictionary from 1901 called 7: 18837:Rhythm and blues portal 18375:Partner violence in hip hop 16693: 16590:When did Reggae become Rap? 16444:. New York: Da Capo Press. 16426:. New York: Penguin Books. 16410:The VIBE History of Hip-Hop 15548:Gates, Henry Louis (2011). 14107:"The (retro) future is his" 13744:"Urban Review: Kanye West, 12881:"Critics' Choice: New CD's" 12493:Lomax, John (May 5, 2005). 12307:"Hell on Earth at Allmusic" 11115:Empirical Musicology Review 10499:The VIBE History of Hip Hop 9585:The Vibe History of Hip-hop 9405:Popular Press, 2001. p. 386 9132:Ogbar, Jeffrey (May 2001). 8325:Harvard Dictionary of Music 7757: 7137:became the first single of 7001:and Supercrónica Obsesión. 6408:or triple-time sub-divided 6109:200 charts. Eminem's album 5600:Speakerboxxx/The Love Below 5574:Rise of alternative hip hop 5275:" by the Notorious B.I.G., 4933:included the top ten hits " 4059:'s resentment of the song. 3912:, Boogie Down Productions' 3877:Empirical Musicology Review 3137:" and "Numbers" as well as 2811:into musical sets. DJs and 2467:, particularly that of the 2448:, a hip hop trio signed to 1760:, thought to be written by 1729:cultural trends worldwide. 10: 21212: 16408:Light, Alan (ed). (1999). 16004:(in Finnish). July 2, 2019 15434:Rivera, Raquel Z. (2003). 13839:"The 2009 – TIME 100" 13559:. MTV News. Archived from 13532:. London, United Kingdom. 13498:Seattle Post-Intelligencer 13186:milankordestani.medium.com 13053:"Flying Lotus Los Angeles" 12285:"The Infamous at Allmusic" 12260:. AllMusic. Archived from 11279:November 23, 2008, at the 11046:. AllMusic. Archived from 10547:February 10, 2010, at the 10522:. Hiphoponwax.blogspot.com 10466:February 16, 2009, at the 10310:. nciMUSIC. Archived from 9944:December 21, 2016, at the 9725:. Metro.us. Archived from 9686:November 14, 2015, at the 8769:"How Hip-Hop Got Its Name" 8401:Merriam-Webster Dictionary 7838:Music of the United States 7426:had a hit with the record 7141:, a fusion of hip hop and 6662:dominated the mainstream. 6371: 6122: 5941:. Hit snap songs include " 5897:Bandai Namco Entertainment 5884: 5809: 5658: 5655:Glitch hop and wonky music 5006: 4909:, whose double disc album 4845: 4591:(1996), are "indebted" to 4527:, and the less successful 4481: 4406: 3987:pronunciation of the word 3941: 3745: 3289:influence with its use of 3230: 3176:'s "Freak-a-Zoid" (1983), 2772:Do It Any Way You Wanna Do 2736:Bob Marley and the Wailers 2618: 1949:'s 1963 spoken-word album 40: 29: 21116:Electronics in rock music 21077:Digital audio workstation 21059: 20974: 20833: 20826: 20786: 20555: 20266: 19713: 19426: 19290: 19205: 19098: 19084: 19067: 18925: 18889: 18806: 18759: 18743: 18736: 18716: 18691: 18666: 18641: 18611: 18586: 18561: 18536: 18475: 18463: 18393: 18305: 18264: 18239: 18064: 17999: 17839:Bosnian and Herzegovinian 17812: 17700: 17578: 17567: 17533: 17464: 17453: 17329: 17304: 17214: 17203: 17122: 17075: 16871: 16860: 16852:Bristol underground scene 16819: 16746: 16703: 16378:Wesleyan University Press 15946:(in French). July 4, 2017 15718:. Columbus. p. 253. 12041:. Zondervan. p. 92. 11956:"Rap's Teen Idols Return" 11818:"Yo! Rap Gets on the Map" 11422:February 2, 2010, at the 11412:"Slick Rick: Behind Bars" 11356:November 4, 2006, at the 11339:December 5, 2008, at the 11322:January 14, 2009, at the 11238:February 2, 2010, at the 11233:"Slick Rick: Behind Bars" 11187:February 2, 2010, at the 11182:"Slick Rick: Behind Bars" 11128:10.18061/emr.v12i1-2.5410 10990:February 7, 2009, at the 10767:, AVA Books, p. 18, 10354:, Oxford University Press 10033:February 8, 2015, at the 9961:. OuttaDaBluePublishing. 9884:. Joyful Noise Recordings 9652:How We Got Here: The '70s 8880:. St Martins Press, 1984. 8630:Villiers, George (1673), 8429:. Oxford University Press 8427:Oxford English Dictionary 8334:January 10, 2016, at the 8232:Kugelberg, Johan (2007). 7843:List of hip hop musicians 7818:List of hip hop festivals 7708:is nowadays dominated by 7011:performing in Cairo, 2011 6129:I Love Hip Hop in Morocco 5937:, and a simplistic vocal 5800:Sasquatch! Music Festival 5629:46th Annual Grammy Awards 5419:(in his earlier career), 4921:2 of Amerikaz Most Wanted 4203:It was 10 years ago that 4007:P.S.K. What Does It Mean? 3742:1990s: golden age hip hop 3695:Darryl "D.M.C." McDaniels 3575:, Extra T's "ET Boogie", 3472:Independent record labels 3227:Diversification of styles 1862:founder and music artist 1526:) that often accompanies 1479: 1458: 1453: 1325: 1320: 1064:Bosnian and Herzegovinian 776: 771: 539: 534: 260: 255: 179: 129: 117: 61: 56: 21181:American styles of music 18825:United States portal 16517:Harvard University Press 16440:Experience Music Project 16023:Liadi, Olusegun (2015). 15632:. Columbus. p. 85. 15585:. Columbus. p. 84. 14004:"Good Kid, m.A.A.d City" 11654:Deflem, Mathieu (1993). 11589:Lamont, Michele (1999). 11334:"'Where rap went wrong'" 10056:. U of Minnesota Press. 9636:, Routledge, 2004. p. 2. 9451:"The History Of Hip Hop" 9304:Frank Broughton (2015). 8978:Erlewine, Stephen Thomas 8052:10.1177/0002764205277427 7853: 7688:with performers such as 7565:to produce artists like 5943:Lean wit It, Rock wit It 5860:. Looped, stripped-down 5153:Rage Against the Machine 4871:broke up, former member 4766:and, on the West Coast, 3026:Columbia, South Carolina 2404:and perform their works 2316:Music Production Centers 36:Hip hop (disambiguation) 21196:Hispanic American music 21024:Progressive electronica 20064:Intelligent dance music 19192:Sound system (Jamaican) 16595:March 20, 2015, at the 16454:Kitwana, Bakar (2004). 16390:Potter, Russell (1995) 13209:, June 2006, "Oh Snap!" 13027:"Flying Lotus Flamagra" 12070:Encyclopædia Britannica 11474:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette 11399:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette 11170:April 10, 2014, at the 10048:Michele Hilmes (1997). 10025:Campbell, K.E. (2005). 9480:Encyclopædia Britannica 9306:"Interviews: Kool Herc" 9094:African American Review 8466:10.1111/1468-2427.12087 8372:Encyclopædia Britannica 8358:March 11, 2012, at the 8193:August 3, 2011, at the 8184:Encyclopædia Britannica 7694:the Master Scratch Band 7414:In Germany and France, 7388:R&B and grime, and 7089:, and both incorporate 6300:Also at this time, the 5967:Crank That (Soulja Boy) 5712:. Los Angeles, London, 5694:intelligent dance music 5597:. OutKast's 2003 album 5540:The Marshall Mathers LP 5537:. In 2000, he produced 5167:to form a style called 5062:and the solo career of 5003:Further diversification 4989:People Under the Stairs 4883:Nuthin' but a 'G' Thang 4657:Only Built 4 Cuban Linx 4391:conspicuous consumption 4123:Mainstream breakthrough 4117:Boogie Down Productions 4051:" earned a letter from 3918:(1987), Public Enemy's 3786:Boogie Down Productions 3761:Boogie Down Productions 2904:Transition to recording 2621:Sound system (Jamaican) 2563:The Jives of Dr. Hepcat 2373:Introduction of rapping 21191:African-American music 21186:Music of New York City 19345:List of hip hop genres 19071:Electronic dance music 16481:"It's a Hip-hop World" 15912:Genono (May 9, 2021). 15761:Hammou, Karim (2020). 15550:Black in Latin America 12560:"CG 90s: Introduction" 11468:June 28, 2011, at the 11444:June 28, 2011, at the 11393:June 28, 2011, at the 11274:"Crazy Wisdom Masters" 11255:June 28, 2011, at the 11221:June 28, 2011, at the 11197:Lonnae O'Neal Parker, 10350:Schloss, J.G. (2009). 8833:Lawrence, Tim (2016). 8807:New Pittsburgh Courier 8089:Leach, Andrew (2008). 7871:"Hip-Hop's Jazz Roots" 7823:List of hip hop genres 7546: 7542:South African rapper, 7411: 7363: 7185:Die Fantastischen Vier 7164: 7012: 6949: 6880: 6816:Ski Mask the Slump God 6704: 6643:reported that hip hop/ 6521:Ski Mask the Slump God 6468: 6394: 6352:", Kanye West's album 6210: 6141: 5994: 5903: 5846:electronic dance music 5825: 5681: 5554:Get Rich or Die Tryin' 5528: 5383:, the later career of 5372: 5244: 5117: 5025: 5009:List of hip hop genres 4864: 4758:tested itself against 4751: 4612: 4496: 4243: 4233: 4149:Fear of a Black Planet 4139: 4119:in shaping the genre. 4045:Straight Outta Compton 4037:Straight Outta Compton 4032:Straight Outta Compton 3957: 3885:and the Beastie Boys' 3839: 3764: 3697: 3685:, from left to right: 3432: 3389: 3378:'s influence on rock. 3339: 3249: 3233:List of hip hop genres 3125:", which incorporated 2928: 2770:in 1976 (based on the 2536:on KVET and Atlanta's 2461:African American music 2402:improvise their lyrics 2380:, also referred to as 2347:Grand Wizzard Theodore 2306: 2136:Grand Wizzard Theodore 2131: 2070: 2033: 1870:New Pittsburgh Courier 1805: 1607:youth residing in the 646:Regional fusion genres 34:. For other uses, see 21171:Musical improvisation 19507:Electronic body music 19155:Electroacoustic music 18752:Urban (industry term) 17553:Alternative reggaeton 16832:Universal Zulu Nation 16637:10.1075/wll.4.1.05oli 16362:Hess, Mickey (2009). 15876:. L'Harmattan. 2008. 14264:. MTV. Archived from 14080:Farber, Jim (2007). " 13953:on September 19, 2020 13905:on September 28, 2011 13814:. MTV. Archived from 13720:. MTV. Archived from 13472:on September 25, 2009 13293:"Hip-Hop's Down Beat" 13162:on September 18, 2010 12623:10.1353/dis.2001.0001 12128:"Hip-hop's Down Beat" 12072:. February 13, 2005. 12012:"Mc Hammer Biography" 11865:. Los Angeles Times. 11374:, September 19, 2001. 11304:, September 19, 2003. 11296:May 15, 2008, at the 10935:on September 30, 2008 10761:Wells, Peter (2004), 10654:"808s and heart eyes" 10566:July 8, 2011, at the 10405:Hess, Mickey (2009). 10009:"The History of Jazz" 9740:del Barco, Mandalit. 9431:. BBC. August 9, 2013 9275:Steven Hager (1984). 8954:. December 15, 2006. 8744:. November 27, 2012. 8382:May 11, 2011, at the 7833:Misogyny in rap music 7541: 7405: 7345: 7151: 7007: 6944: 6868: 6767:, which he called a " 6695: 6669:became popular since 6463: 6429:on their joint song, 6389: 6354:808s & Heartbreak 6193: 6178:, New York rap mogul 6168:808s & Heartbreak 6148:between Kanye West's 6136: 5988: 5894: 5819: 5672: 5523: 5363: 5239: 5227:2000s: bling and blog 5109: 5016: 5007:Further information: 4945:with New York City's 4855: 4746: 4601: 4491: 4403:East vs. West rivalry 4235: 4201: 4130: 4089:Arnold Schwarzenegger 3952: 3921:Yo! Bum Rush the Show 3826: 3755: 3681: 3427: 3384: 3337: 3240: 3231:Further information: 3121:released the single " 2939:by DJs. Puerto Rican 2911: 2829:Universal Zulu Nation 2641:, which re-broadcast 2619:Further information: 2609:Jalal Mansur Nuriddin 2334:, in the late 1980s. 2304: 2209:Universal Zulu Nation 2173:KC the Prince of Soul 2122: 2066: 2024: 1860:Universal Zulu Nation 1802:Universal Zulu Nation 1796: 1487:2024 in hip hop music 125:, New York City, U.S. 20804:Hyperpop microgenres 19468:Contemporary R&B 18988:Minneapolis/St. Paul 18747:Contemporary R&B 18456:Black American music 18318:Contemporary R&B 18127:Minneapolis/St. Paul 16461:Chang, Jeff (2005). 15793:. Consart éd. 2013. 15310:. February 18, 2022. 15287:. December 13, 2019. 14414:on November 3, 2012. 14295:on February 25, 2013 13818:on September 3, 2009 13791:on September 4, 2009 13589:. September 14, 2009 13135:on September 2, 2021 12988:on January 13, 2020. 12732:. February 24, 2008. 12495:"Mouth of the South" 12264:on December 11, 2011 11895:on September 4, 2009 11855:(February 4, 1990). 11830:on November 13, 2007 11487:To the Break of Dawn 11476:, February 15, 2004. 11401:, February 15, 2004. 11330:, November 16, 1995. 11081:. November 27, 2015. 10957:. Globaldarkness.com 10868:Toop, David (2000). 10604:Toop, David (2000). 9622:on January 18, 2007. 9532:(January 15, 2008). 9342:on December 1, 2021. 9223:on November 27, 2010 8902:on December 16, 2020 8682:"You Can't Sit Down" 8472:on January 31, 2022. 7881:on December 16, 2019 7786:United States portal 6240:placed M.I.A in the 5611:by selling 11 times 5547:, and also produced 5273:Mo Money Mo Problems 5269:Gettin' Jiggy wit It 5253:the Notorious B.I.G. 5074:Arrested Development 4961:Freestyle Fellowship 4955:the Notorious B.I.G. 4917:Ambitionz az a Ridah 4513:A Tribe Called Quest 4460:the Notorious B.I.G. 4438:the Notorious B.I.G. 4375:Bone Thugs-n-Harmony 4035:, released in 1988. 3897:the Notorious B.I.G. 3802:A Tribe Called Quest 3687:Joseph "Run" Simmons 3663:) and Louis Freese ( 3172:'s "I.O.U." (1983), 3135:Trans-Europe Express 2933:PA system soundboard 2835:, a rapper with the 2792:Grandwizard Theodore 2392:, can be created by 2124:1520 Sedgwick Avenue 2105:Master of Ceremonies 1961:Here Comes the Judge 1654:sound, and led into 1407:Minneapolis/St. Paul 544:Contemporary R&B 20414:Mainstream hardcore 19788:Chopped and screwed 19177:Elektronische Musik 19131:List of rock genres 19062:-based music styles 18679:Chopped and screwed 18467:American folk music 16922:Chopped and screwed 16827:Five-Percent Nation 16610:on October 14, 2008 16512:In Search of Africa 16438:Yes Yes Y'All: The 15379:. December 13, 2013 15191:. December 18, 2017 15065:. February 13, 2017 14893:. December 17, 2019 14739:. November 11, 2017 14493:. November 20, 2019 14268:on October 20, 2008 13869:"The 2009 TIME 100" 13746:808s and Heartbreak 13445:on February 9, 2010 13328:The Washington Post 13258:. January 16, 2019. 12564:robertchristgau.com 11966:on November 3, 2012 11935:on January 25, 2003 11792:on November 8, 2012 11723:The Washington Post 11489:, NYU Press, p. 47. 11376:Cheo Hodari Coker, 11364:, January 29, 2002. 11263:, October 24, 2003. 11078:New York Daily News 10925:"NewYorkGospel.com" 10591:Talbot, M,.(2000). 10340:. January 16, 2007. 10188:on October 21, 2018 10013:Archive.nytimes.com 9694:, February 12, 2006 9632:Forman M; M. Neal, 9510:on January 26, 2013 9024:on November 7, 2018 8509:Dyson, Michael Eric 7989:. November 24, 2019 7702:Beogradski sindikat 7559:South African music 7428:Neue Deutsche Welle 7187:as well as several 6937:World hip hop music 6630:, lead rapper from 6585:Megan Thee Stallion 6358:the Black Eyed Peas 6183:indie-rockers like 6099:the Black Eyed Peas 6047:souljaboytellem.com 6015:The Washington Post 5971:Soulja Boy Tell 'Em 5579:Alternative hip hop 5213:Rahsaan Roland Kirk 5183:was an influential 5055:We Can't Be Stopped 4764:Roc-A-Fella Records 4638:The Source Magazine 4555:Organized Konfusion 3872:New York Daily News 3790:Eric B. & Rakim 3622:Paname City Rappin' 3620:, whose 1984 album 3527:'s appearance in a 3376:Fender Stratocaster 3020:, was performed by 2892:Saturday Night Live 2887:Funky Four Plus One 2799:'s book, 'Le Rap'. 2788:Grandmaster Flowers 2776:the People's Choice 2768:Cocaine in my Brain 2711:Lee "Scratch" Perry 2699:Lee "Scratch" Perry 2675:The Great Wuga Wuga 2442:Funky Four Plus One 2422:Eric B. & Rakim 2205:Cold Crush Brothers 1836:, Keef Cowboy, and 1687:alternative hip hop 1594:instrumental tracks 305:chopped and screwed 130:Typical instruments 20623:Kawaii future bass 20603:Deconstructed club 19756:Breakbeat hardcore 19648:Martial industrial 19638:Industrial hip hop 19519:Ethnic electronica 19502:Electro-industrial 18478:Early 20th century 16570:"Back in the Days" 16343:Stay Free Magazine 16262:. October 11, 2023 15526:on August 27, 2009 15328:. October 14, 2021 15169:. January 12, 2018 15140:The New York Times 14711:. October 18, 2017 14512:Alyshia Hercules. 14143:iamtpain.smule.com 14093:New York DailyNews 14087:2009-02-08 at the 14056:The New York Times 13724:on October 6, 2008 12886:The New York Times 12750:. November 3, 2017 12468:Jackson Free Press 12464:"Southern Hip-Hop" 11750:The New York Times 11384:, August 11, 1996. 11347:, August 11, 2005. 11317:"KRS-One: Krs-One" 11205:, August 20, 1997. 10633:. January 16, 2014 10578:Benson, G. (2010). 10391:Bynoe, Y. (2006). 10370:(1984/1991/2000). 9772:The New York Times 9766:(March 13, 2007). 9729:on August 5, 2008. 9692:The New York Times 9545:The New York Times 9377:The World of Music 9256:on August 25, 2013 8107:10.1353/not.0.0039 7986:The New York Times 7875:Merriam-Urban Jazz 7547: 7412: 7406:The German rapper 7364: 7165: 7131:Dominican Republic 7013: 6950: 6881: 6735:2017 Grammy Awards 6705: 6684:number-one entry. 6637:On July 17, 2017, 6609:London on da Track 6469: 6453:(featuring rapper 6395: 6360:' number-one hit " 6227:Sri Lankan British 6221:, Japanese rapper 6211: 6142: 6140:performing in 2008 5995: 5947:Dem Franchize Boyz 5904: 5826: 5682: 5676:performing in the 5643:, Gnarls Barkley, 5559:U.S. Billboard 200 5529: 5527:performing in 2012 5373: 5245: 5243:performing in 2010 5026: 4865: 4848:West Coast hip hop 4842:West Coast hip hop 4752: 4613: 4539:(particularly for 4497: 4484:East Coast hip hop 4478:East Coast hip hop 4456:West Coast hip hop 4452:East Coast hip hop 4339:urban contemporary 4272:U Can't Touch This 4205:the Sugarhill Gang 4166:American pop music 4140: 4138:performing in 1991 4041:West Coast hip hop 3948:West Coast hip hop 3840: 3765: 3748:Golden age hip hop 3710:old-school hip hop 3698: 3541:Christmas Wrapping 3433: 3431:performing in 1999 3390: 3344:Roland Corporation 3340: 3329:old-school hip hop 3250: 3248:in England in 2005 3166:Let the Music Play 3103:the Sugarhill Gang 3065:Influence of disco 3046:The New York Times 3018:Sugar Hill Records 2946:the Sugarhill Gang 2929: 2913:The Sugarhill Gang 2778:as re-recorded by 2577:black appeal radio 2489:Black-appeal radio 2450:Sugar Hill Records 2418:Chinese Arithmetic 2307: 2132: 2034: 2018:during the 1990s. 1992:Fordham University 1986:. As expressed by 1852:The Sugarhill Gang 1818:You Can't Sit Down 1806: 1800:with DJ Yutaka of 1750:Origin of the term 1679:East Coast hip hop 1671:West Coast hip hop 1656:golden age hip hop 1648:New-school hip hop 1640:Old-school hip hop 1472:Golden age hip hop 1467:New-school hip hop 1462:Old-school hip hop 574:industrial hip hop 109:performance poetry 21148: 21147: 21144: 21143: 21072:Data sonification 20822: 20821: 20809:Plugg microgenres 20794:Breakcore revival 20759:Slowed and reverb 20439:Post-punk revival 20140:Progressive house 20059:Industrial techno 19731:Asian underground 19663:Power electronics 19439:Alternative dance 19298:Afro/cosmic music 19253:Psychedelic music 19026: 19025: 18845: 18844: 18802: 18801: 18483:Call and response 18415: 18414: 18301: 18300: 17563: 17562: 17449: 17448: 17199: 17198: 16779:Feminist activism 16526:978-0-674-44611-3 16034:978-3-659-57269-2 15883:978-2-296-06783-7 15842:978-2-916668-28-4 15800:978-2-940464-38-8 15688:978-0-8130-4269-5 15166:Independent.co.uk 14490:Los Angeles Times 14355:. August 13, 2015 14237:. Complex Media. 14206:. Complex Media. 14112:Los Angeles Times 13983:on April 29, 2020 13413:Los Angeles Times 13303:on April 14, 2012 12556:Christgau, Robert 12536:on April 23, 2011 12530:The Village Voice 12474:on March 23, 2012 12138:on April 14, 2012 12048:978-0-310-27439-1 11862:Los Angeles Times 11692:Los Angeles Times 11625:"Eazy to be hard" 11538:Los Angeles Times 11418:, March 9, 1995. 11382:Los Angeles Times 11372:Los Angeles Times 11289:Will Hodgkinson, 11287:, April 16, 1997. 11095:. March 19, 2018. 11050:on March 10, 2010 11044:"Licensed to Ill" 11042:Thomas, Stephen. 11014:on March 17, 2014 10929:Newyorkgospel.com 10774:978-2-88479-037-6 10580:Lonely Planet USA 10416:978-0-313-34323-0 10395:, Greenwood Press 10256:978-0-8021-9436-7 10129:978-1-4628-1993-5 10090:978-1-61423-168-4 10063:978-0-8166-2621-2 9804:, pp. 237–76 9244:"Rock's New Spin" 9075:978-0-8142-1315-5 8875:, Rap Music, and 8859:The Village Voice 8718:on March 17, 2006 8583:. January 4, 2018 8243:978-0-7893-1540-3 8234:Born in the Bronx 7017:Brazilian hip hop 6759:The Life of Pablo 6754:The Life of Pablo 6721:Chance the Rapper 6649:Nielsen SoundScan 6613:Mike Will Made-It 6477:Waka Flocka Flame 5625:Album of the Year 5454:The Slim Shady LP 5371:, Germany in 1999 4997:Souls of Mischief 4979:amongst others), 4903:Death Row Records 4774:such as the late 4768:Death Row Records 4472:Death Row Records 4217:Grandmaster Flash 4196:Los Angeles Times 4104:George H. W. Bush 4078:Time Warner Music 3975:Gangsta rap is a 3967:Los Angeles Times 3429:Grandmaster Flash 3201:Grandmaster Flash 3076:underground music 2825:Afrikaa Bambaataa 2802:DJ Kool Herc and 2681:, Count Machuki, 2485:call and response 2140:Grandmaster Flash 2004:Grandmaster Flash 1969:their debut album 1952:I Am the Greatest 1937:and gospel group 1898:The Village Voice 1681:was dominated by 1673:was dominated by 1534:Temple University 1493: 1492: 121:August 11, 1973, 62:Stylistic origins 32:Hip hop (culture) 16:(Redirected from 21203: 21044:Video game music 20893:Acid house party 20831: 20830: 20778:Weird SoundCloud 20665:Melbourne bounce 20483:Shangaan electro 20044:Harsh noise wall 19803:Digital hardcore 19643:Industrial metal 19263:Psychedelic rock 19258:Psychedelic funk 19248:Progressive rock 19182:Live electronics 19165:Musique concrète 19160:Acousmatic music 19106:Amplified guitar 19096: 19095: 19091:decade of origin 19053: 19046: 19039: 19030: 19029: 19018:Washington, D.C. 18872: 18865: 18858: 18849: 18848: 18835: 18834: 18833: 18823: 18822: 18821: 18762: 18741: 18740: 18604:Psychedelic soul 18554:Rhythm and blues 18454: 18453: 18442: 18435: 18428: 18419: 18418: 18406: 18401: 18400: 18268: 18243: 18105:Washington, D.C. 18068: 18003: 17816: 17704: 17582: 17576: 17575: 17571: 17536: 17468: 17462: 17461: 17457: 17401:Na mele paleoleo 17333: 17308: 17218: 17212: 17211: 17207: 17126: 17079: 16875: 16869: 16868: 16864: 16738: 16731: 16724: 16717: 16710: 16697: 16688: 16681: 16674: 16665: 16664: 16640: 16619: 16617: 16615: 16606:. Archived from 16544:. Penguin, 2005. 16540:George, Nelson. 16530: 16507:Diawara, Manthia 16502: 16500: 16498: 16303: 16302: 16300: 16298: 16278: 16272: 16271: 16269: 16267: 16252: 16246: 16245: 16243: 16241: 16226: 16220: 16219: 16217: 16215: 16200: 16194: 16193: 16191: 16189: 16174: 16168: 16167: 16165: 16163: 16158:. April 10, 2024 16148: 16142: 16141: 16139: 16137: 16131:Voice of Nigeria 16122: 16116: 16115: 16113: 16111: 16096: 16090: 16089: 16087: 16085: 16071: 16065: 16064: 16062: 16060: 16045: 16039: 16038: 16020: 16014: 16013: 16011: 16009: 15992: 15986: 15985: 15983: 15981: 15970:"Blockfest 2016" 15966: 15960: 15959: 15953: 15951: 15936: 15930: 15929: 15927: 15925: 15909: 15903: 15902: 15900: 15898: 15868: 15862: 15861: 15859: 15857: 15826: 15820: 15819: 15817: 15815: 15785: 15779: 15778: 15776: 15774: 15758: 15752: 15751: 15745: 15737: 15711: 15705: 15704: 15702: 15700: 15672: 15666: 15665: 15659: 15651: 15625: 15619: 15618: 15612: 15604: 15578: 15572: 15571: 15545: 15536: 15535: 15533: 15531: 15516: 15510: 15509: 15503: 15495: 15469: 15460: 15459: 15431: 15425: 15421: 15415: 15414: 15412: 15410: 15395: 15389: 15388: 15386: 15384: 15369: 15363: 15362: 15360: 15358: 15344: 15338: 15337: 15335: 15333: 15318: 15312: 15311: 15298: 15289: 15288: 15281: 15275: 15274: 15272: 15270: 15253: 15247: 15246: 15244: 15242: 15228: 15222: 15221: 15219: 15217: 15207: 15201: 15200: 15198: 15196: 15185: 15179: 15178: 15176: 15174: 15157: 15151: 15150: 15148: 15146: 15131: 15125: 15124: 15122: 15120: 15115:. March 20, 2017 15103: 15097: 15096: 15094: 15092: 15081: 15075: 15074: 15072: 15070: 15053: 15047: 15046: 15044: 15042: 15037:on June 18, 2018 15021: 15015: 15011: 15005: 15004: 15002: 15000: 14985: 14979: 14978: 14976: 14974: 14960: 14954: 14953: 14951: 14949: 14934: 14928: 14927: 14925: 14923: 14909: 14903: 14902: 14900: 14898: 14891:Dazeddigital.com 14883: 14877: 14876: 14875:. July 18, 2017. 14865: 14859: 14858: 14857:. July 18, 2017. 14848: 14842: 14841: 14828: 14822: 14821: 14820:. July 19, 2017. 14810: 14804: 14803: 14801: 14799: 14792:Complex Networks 14783: 14777: 14776: 14774: 14772: 14755: 14749: 14748: 14746: 14744: 14727: 14721: 14720: 14718: 14716: 14705: 14699: 14698: 14696: 14694: 14677: 14671: 14670: 14668: 14666: 14649: 14643: 14642: 14640: 14638: 14621: 14615: 14614: 14612: 14610: 14593: 14587: 14586: 14584: 14582: 14565: 14559: 14558: 14556: 14554: 14537: 14531: 14530: 14528: 14526: 14509: 14503: 14502: 14500: 14498: 14481: 14475: 14474: 14472: 14470: 14455: 14449: 14448: 14446: 14444: 14427:"Who owns trap?" 14422: 14416: 14415: 14398: 14392: 14391: 14389: 14387: 14380:Complex Networks 14371: 14365: 14364: 14362: 14360: 14343: 14337: 14336: 14334: 14332: 14311: 14305: 14304: 14302: 14300: 14284: 14278: 14277: 14275: 14273: 14257: 14251: 14250: 14248: 14246: 14226: 14220: 14219: 14217: 14215: 14194: 14188: 14187: 14185: 14183: 14168: 14159: 14158: 14156: 14154: 14149:on July 25, 2017 14145:. Archived from 14135: 14129: 14128: 14126: 14124: 14102: 14096: 14078: 14072: 14071: 14069: 14067: 14047: 14041: 14040: 14032: 14026: 14025: 14023: 14021: 13999: 13993: 13992: 13990: 13988: 13969: 13963: 13962: 13960: 13958: 13943: 13937: 13936: 13934: 13932: 13921: 13915: 13914: 13912: 13910: 13895: 13889: 13888: 13886: 13884: 13875:. Archived from 13865: 13859: 13858: 13856: 13854: 13849:on March 5, 2010 13845:. Archived from 13834: 13828: 13827: 13825: 13823: 13807: 13801: 13800: 13798: 13796: 13787:. Archived from 13776: 13770: 13769: 13767: 13765: 13740: 13734: 13733: 13731: 13729: 13713: 13707: 13706: 13704: 13702: 13687: 13681: 13680: 13678: 13676: 13667:. May 24, 2009. 13665:Contactmusic.com 13657: 13651: 13650: 13648: 13646: 13631: 13625: 13624: 13622: 13620: 13605: 13599: 13598: 13596: 13594: 13579: 13573: 13572: 13570: 13568: 13552: 13546: 13545: 13543: 13541: 13521: 13515: 13514: 13512: 13510: 13488: 13482: 13481: 13479: 13477: 13461: 13455: 13454: 13452: 13450: 13435: 13429: 13428: 13426: 13424: 13404: 13398: 13397: 13395: 13393: 13381: 13375: 13374: 13372: 13370: 13365:on March 7, 2006 13364: 13351: 13342: 13336: 13335: 13334:on July 6, 2017. 13330:. Archived from 13319: 13313: 13312: 13310: 13308: 13299:. Archived from 13288: 13282: 13281: 13279: 13277: 13266: 13260: 13259: 13248: 13242: 13241: 13239: 13237: 13228:. June 3, 2020. 13216: 13210: 13204: 13198: 13197: 13195: 13193: 13178: 13172: 13171: 13169: 13167: 13151: 13145: 13144: 13142: 13140: 13121: 13115: 13114: 13108: 13103: 13101: 13093: 13091: 13089: 13074: 13068: 13067: 13065: 13063: 13048: 13042: 13041: 13039: 13037: 13022: 13016: 13015: 13013: 13011: 12996: 12990: 12989: 12984:. Archived from 12973: 12967: 12958: 12952: 12951: 12949: 12947: 12927: 12921: 12920: 12919:on May 16, 2007. 12909: 12903: 12902: 12900: 12898: 12876: 12870: 12869: 12867: 12865: 12851: 12845: 12844: 12842: 12840: 12829: 12823: 12822: 12820: 12818: 12798: 12792: 12791: 12789: 12787: 12775:Complex Networks 12766: 12760: 12759: 12757: 12755: 12748:Festivalpeak.com 12740: 12734: 12733: 12726: 12720: 12719: 12717: 12715: 12700: 12694: 12693: 12691: 12689: 12674: 12668: 12667: 12665: 12663: 12649: 12643: 12642: 12606: 12600: 12599: 12581: 12575: 12574: 12572: 12570: 12552: 12546: 12545: 12543: 12541: 12532:. Archived from 12521: 12515: 12514: 12512: 12510: 12490: 12484: 12483: 12481: 12479: 12470:. Archived from 12459: 12453: 12452: 12450: 12448: 12434: 12428: 12427: 12425: 12423: 12418:on June 20, 2008 12414:. Archived from 12403: 12397: 12396: 12394: 12392: 12381: 12375: 12374: 12372: 12370: 12355: 12349: 12348: 12346: 12344: 12324: 12318: 12317: 12315: 12313: 12302: 12296: 12295: 12293: 12291: 12280: 12274: 12273: 12271: 12269: 12254: 12248: 12247: 12245: 12243: 12228: 12222: 12221: 12181: 12175: 12174: 12172: 12170: 12154: 12148: 12147: 12145: 12143: 12134:. Archived from 12123: 12117: 12116: 12114: 12112: 12092: 12086: 12085: 12083: 12081: 12062: 12053: 12052: 12034: 12028: 12027: 12025: 12023: 12018:on July 15, 2012 12008: 12002: 12001: 11999: 11997: 11982: 11976: 11975: 11973: 11971: 11962:. Archived from 11951: 11945: 11944: 11942: 11940: 11931:. Archived from 11925: 11919: 11918: 11911: 11905: 11904: 11902: 11900: 11891:. Archived from 11885: 11879: 11878: 11876: 11874: 11849: 11840: 11839: 11837: 11835: 11813: 11802: 11801: 11799: 11797: 11775: 11766: 11765: 11763: 11761: 11741: 11735: 11734: 11732: 11730: 11714: 11708: 11707: 11705: 11703: 11683: 11674: 11673: 11671: 11669: 11651: 11645: 11644: 11642: 11640: 11635:on March 4, 2007 11620: 11614: 11613: 11611: 11609: 11586: 11580: 11579: 11577: 11575: 11560: 11554: 11553: 11551: 11549: 11529: 11518: 11517: 11515: 11513: 11496: 11490: 11483: 11477: 11459: 11453: 11452:, June 19, 2005. 11435: 11426: 11408: 11402: 11351:"Easy-Chair Rap" 11311: 11305: 11270: 11264: 11246:, March 9, 1995. 11229:, June 19, 2005. 11212: 11206: 11195:, March 9, 1995. 11178:, June 26, 2005. 11163:Jon Caramanica, 11161: 11155: 11154: 11152: 11150: 11140: 11130: 11106: 11097: 11096: 11089: 11083: 11082: 11069: 11060: 11059: 11057: 11055: 11039: 11033: 11032:name: Toop p.151 11030: 11024: 11023: 11021: 11019: 11000: 10994: 10973: 10967: 10966: 10964: 10962: 10951: 10945: 10944: 10942: 10940: 10931:. Archived from 10921: 10915: 10914: 10912: 10910: 10900:"A-Z of Electro" 10887: 10881: 10866: 10860: 10859: 10857: 10855: 10832:"What's an 808?" 10827: 10821: 10820: 10818: 10816: 10796: 10790: 10789: 10788: 10786: 10758: 10752: 10751: 10749: 10747: 10719: 10713: 10712: 10710: 10708: 10688: 10682: 10681: 10679: 10677: 10649: 10643: 10642: 10640: 10638: 10623: 10617: 10602: 10596: 10589: 10583: 10576: 10570: 10557: 10551: 10538: 10532: 10531: 10529: 10527: 10515: 10509: 10495: 10489: 10488: 10487:on July 2, 2013. 10483:. Archived from 10481:"eteksciki.info" 10477: 10471: 10457: 10451: 10450: 10448: 10446: 10427: 10421: 10420: 10402: 10396: 10389: 10383: 10364: 10355: 10348: 10342: 10341: 10330: 10324: 10323: 10321: 10319: 10314:on July 14, 2011 10304: 10295: 10292: 10286: 10279: 10273: 10272: 10270: 10268: 10240: 10234: 10233: 10231: 10229: 10204: 10198: 10197: 10195: 10193: 10184:. Archived from 10178: 10172: 10171: 10169: 10167: 10162:on June 14, 2018 10152: 10146: 10145: 10143: 10141: 10113: 10107: 10106: 10104: 10102: 10074: 10068: 10067: 10055: 10045: 10039: 10023: 10017: 10016: 10005: 9999: 9998: 9996: 9994: 9979: 9973: 9972: 9954: 9948: 9936: 9927: 9921: 9920: 9918: 9916: 9900: 9894: 9893: 9891: 9889: 9876: 9870: 9869: 9867: 9865: 9846: 9840: 9839: 9837: 9835: 9814: 9805: 9799: 9788: 9787: 9785: 9783: 9760: 9754: 9753: 9751: 9749: 9737: 9731: 9730: 9718: 9712: 9706: 9695: 9677: 9671: 9670: 9643: 9637: 9630: 9624: 9623: 9618:. Archived from 9607: 9601: 9594: 9588: 9581: 9575: 9574: 9568: 9560: 9558: 9556: 9542: 9530:Lee, Jennifer 8. 9526: 9520: 9519: 9517: 9515: 9500: 9491: 9490: 9488: 9486: 9472: 9466: 9465: 9463: 9461: 9447: 9441: 9440: 9438: 9436: 9425: 9419: 9412: 9406: 9399: 9393: 9392: 9372: 9366: 9365: 9363: 9361: 9350: 9344: 9343: 9328: 9322: 9321: 9319: 9317: 9301: 9295: 9294: 9287: 9281: 9280: 9272: 9266: 9265: 9263: 9261: 9252:. Archived from 9239: 9233: 9232: 9230: 9228: 9219:. Archived from 9206: 9200: 9199: 9197: 9195: 9183: 9174: 9173: 9171: 9169: 9164:on April 2, 2019 9150: 9141: 9140: 9138: 9129: 9123: 9110: 9101: 9089: 9080: 9079: 9061: 9052: 9040: 9034: 9033: 9031: 9029: 9010: 9004: 9003: 9001: 8999: 8974: 8968: 8967: 8965: 8963: 8944: 8938: 8937: 8935: 8933: 8918: 8912: 8911: 8909: 8907: 8898:. Archived from 8896:Messy Nessy Chic 8887: 8881: 8867: 8861: 8855: 8849: 8848: 8830: 8824: 8817: 8811: 8810: 8802: 8796: 8790: 8784: 8783: 8781: 8779: 8764: 8758: 8757: 8755: 8753: 8734: 8728: 8727: 8725: 8723: 8708: 8697: 8696: 8694: 8692: 8678: 8672: 8671: 8661: 8655: 8654: 8644: 8638: 8637: 8627: 8621: 8620: 8613: 8607: 8606: 8599: 8593: 8592: 8590: 8588: 8573: 8567: 8566: 8564: 8562: 8556:Business Insider 8547: 8541: 8540: 8538: 8536: 8522: 8516: 8506: 8500: 8499: 8497: 8495: 8480: 8474: 8473: 8468:. Archived from 8445: 8439: 8438: 8436: 8434: 8419: 8413: 8412: 8410: 8408: 8393: 8387: 8368: 8362: 8345: 8339: 8322: 8316: 8315: 8288: 8282: 8281: 8279: 8277: 8272:on April 3, 2010 8268:. Archived from 8254: 8248: 8247: 8229: 8223: 8222: 8220: 8218: 8204: 8198: 8181: 8172: 8171: 8169: 8167: 8153: 8147: 8146: 8144: 8142: 8086: 8075: 8074: 8033: 8027: 8026: 8024: 8022: 8005: 7999: 7998: 7996: 7994: 7977: 7971: 7970: 7968: 7966: 7951: 7945: 7944: 7942: 7940: 7923: 7917: 7916: 7914: 7912: 7897: 7891: 7890: 7888: 7886: 7867: 7802: 7797: 7796: 7788: 7783: 7782: 7781: 7774: 7769: 7768: 7767: 7516:Francis Magalona 7360:Nordic countries 6688:Age of streaming 6010:Courtland Milloy 5981:Decline in sales 5852:, Tennessee and 5782:electronic music 5731:Boards of Canada 5721:artists such as 5719:electronic music 5307:the Trackmasters 5169:na mele paleoleo 5165:political issues 5127: 5113:rock and rollers 4925:Snoop Doggy Dogg 4859:performing with 4737:Reasonable Doubt 4662:Ghostface Killah 4652:Raekwon the Chef 4627:Notorious B.I.G. 4608:Combat Jack Show 4430: 4421: 4341:radio stations. 4257: 4209:Rapper's Delight 4039:would establish 4011:6 in the Mornin' 3971: 3856: 3641:the Mean Machine 3633:Rock Steady Crew 3553:Afrika Bambaataa 3497:Afrika Bambaataa 3364:Afrika Bambaataa 3299:Light Years Away 3259:Afrika Bambaataa 3246:record turntable 3213:electronic music 3197:Afrika Bambaataa 3193:Love Bug Starski 3146:electronic dance 3119:Afrika Bambaataa 3115:Rapper's Delight 2958:the Fatback Band 2950:Rapper's Delight 2925:Rapper's Delight 2915:used disco band 2790:of Brooklyn and 2732:Samuel the First 2660:Rocket Ship Show 2555:John R Richbourg 2440:, member of the 2165:Rapper's Delight 2008:Afrika Bambaataa 1959:'s 1968 single " 1931:rhythm and blues 1892:East Village Eye 1883:Afrika Bambaataa 1864:Afrika Bambaataa 1856:Rapper's Delight 1798:Afrika Bambaataa 1691:hardcore hip hop 1605:African American 1552:/rapping, DJing/ 1520:African American 1506:and formerly as 1502:, also known as 1484: 1483: 1442:Washington, D.C. 722:na mele paleoleo 180:Derivative forms 118:Cultural origins 84:rhythm and blues 54: 53: 21: 21211: 21210: 21206: 21205: 21204: 21202: 21201: 21200: 21151: 21150: 21149: 21140: 21055: 20992:Chill-out music 20970: 20818: 20782: 20551: 20262: 20125:Nu skool breaks 19709: 19422: 19357:Industrial rock 19286: 19228:Electronic rock 19201: 19116:Hawaiian guitar 19089: 19080: 19063: 19057: 19027: 19022: 18921: 18885: 18876: 18846: 18841: 18831: 18829: 18819: 18817: 18798: 18760: 18755: 18732: 18721: 18712: 18696: 18687: 18671: 18662: 18646: 18637: 18616: 18607: 18591: 18582: 18566: 18557: 18541: 18532: 18471: 18459: 18448: 18446: 18416: 18411: 18404: 18389: 18355:Music sequencer 18297: 18266: 18260: 18241: 18235: 18234: 18200:Outside the US: 18197: 18193:Native American 18066: 18060: 18001: 17995: 17814: 17808: 17702: 17696: 17580: 17570:Regional scenes 17569: 17559: 17534: 17529: 17466: 17455: 17445: 17331: 17325: 17306: 17300: 17271:Psychedelic rap 17216: 17205: 17195: 17124: 17118: 17077: 17071: 17032:Progressive rap 16873: 16862: 16856: 16815: 16742: 16736: 16729: 16722: 16715: 16708: 16699: 16695: 16692: 16613: 16611: 16602: 16597:Wayback Machine 16558: 16542:Hip Hop America 16537: 16535:Further reading 16527: 16496: 16494: 16424:Hip-Hop America 16312: 16307: 16306: 16296: 16294: 16279: 16275: 16265: 16263: 16260:Music In Africa 16254: 16253: 16249: 16239: 16237: 16236:. June 28, 2017 16228: 16227: 16223: 16213: 16211: 16201: 16197: 16187: 16185: 16175: 16171: 16161: 16159: 16150: 16149: 16145: 16135: 16133: 16123: 16119: 16109: 16107: 16099:Tayo, Ayomide. 16097: 16093: 16083: 16081: 16073: 16072: 16068: 16058: 16056: 16046: 16042: 16035: 16021: 16017: 16007: 16005: 15994: 15993: 15989: 15979: 15977: 15968: 15967: 15963: 15949: 15947: 15938: 15937: 15933: 15923: 15921: 15910: 15906: 15896: 15894: 15884: 15870: 15869: 15865: 15855: 15853: 15843: 15827: 15823: 15813: 15811: 15801: 15787: 15786: 15782: 15772: 15770: 15759: 15755: 15739: 15738: 15726: 15712: 15708: 15698: 15696: 15689: 15673: 15669: 15653: 15652: 15640: 15626: 15622: 15606: 15605: 15593: 15579: 15575: 15560: 15546: 15539: 15529: 15527: 15518: 15517: 15513: 15497: 15496: 15484: 15470: 15463: 15448: 15432: 15428: 15422: 15418: 15408: 15406: 15396: 15392: 15382: 15380: 15371: 15370: 15366: 15356: 15354: 15346: 15345: 15341: 15331: 15329: 15320: 15319: 15315: 15300: 15299: 15292: 15283: 15282: 15278: 15268: 15266: 15254: 15250: 15240: 15238: 15230: 15229: 15225: 15215: 15213: 15209: 15208: 15204: 15194: 15192: 15187: 15186: 15182: 15172: 15170: 15159: 15158: 15154: 15144: 15142: 15132: 15128: 15118: 15116: 15105: 15104: 15100: 15090: 15088: 15087:. March 7, 2016 15083: 15082: 15078: 15068: 15066: 15055: 15054: 15050: 15040: 15038: 15023: 15022: 15018: 15012: 15008: 14998: 14996: 14986: 14982: 14972: 14970: 14962: 14961: 14957: 14947: 14945: 14935: 14931: 14921: 14919: 14911: 14910: 14906: 14896: 14894: 14885: 14884: 14880: 14867: 14866: 14862: 14850: 14849: 14845: 14830: 14829: 14825: 14812: 14811: 14807: 14797: 14795: 14785: 14784: 14780: 14770: 14768: 14757: 14756: 14752: 14742: 14740: 14729: 14728: 14724: 14714: 14712: 14707: 14706: 14702: 14692: 14690: 14678: 14674: 14664: 14662: 14650: 14646: 14636: 14634: 14622: 14618: 14608: 14606: 14594: 14590: 14580: 14578: 14566: 14562: 14552: 14550: 14538: 14534: 14524: 14522: 14519:Daily Collegian 14510: 14506: 14496: 14494: 14483: 14482: 14478: 14468: 14466: 14456: 14452: 14442: 14440: 14425:Raymer, Miles. 14423: 14419: 14400: 14399: 14395: 14385: 14383: 14373: 14372: 14368: 14358: 14356: 14352:TheGuardian.com 14345: 14344: 14340: 14330: 14328: 14313: 14312: 14308: 14298: 14296: 14285: 14281: 14271: 14269: 14258: 14254: 14244: 14242: 14227: 14223: 14213: 14211: 14196: 14195: 14191: 14181: 14179: 14169: 14162: 14152: 14150: 14137: 14136: 14132: 14122: 14120: 14103: 14099: 14089:Wayback Machine 14079: 14075: 14065: 14063: 14048: 14044: 14033: 14029: 14019: 14017: 14000: 13996: 13986: 13984: 13971: 13970: 13966: 13956: 13954: 13945: 13944: 13940: 13930: 13928: 13923: 13922: 13918: 13908: 13906: 13897: 13896: 13892: 13882: 13880: 13867: 13866: 13862: 13852: 13850: 13835: 13831: 13821: 13819: 13808: 13804: 13794: 13792: 13777: 13773: 13763: 13761: 13742: 13741: 13737: 13727: 13725: 13714: 13710: 13700: 13698: 13688: 13684: 13674: 13672: 13659: 13658: 13654: 13644: 13642: 13632: 13628: 13618: 13616: 13606: 13602: 13592: 13590: 13581: 13580: 13576: 13566: 13564: 13563:on May 28, 2009 13553: 13549: 13539: 13537: 13522: 13518: 13508: 13506: 13489: 13485: 13475: 13473: 13462: 13458: 13448: 13446: 13437: 13436: 13432: 13422: 13420: 13405: 13401: 13391: 13389: 13382: 13378: 13368: 13366: 13362: 13349: 13343: 13339: 13320: 13316: 13306: 13304: 13289: 13285: 13275: 13273: 13268: 13267: 13263: 13250: 13249: 13245: 13235: 13233: 13218: 13217: 13213: 13205: 13201: 13191: 13189: 13180: 13179: 13175: 13165: 13163: 13152: 13148: 13138: 13136: 13129:Rapbasement.com 13123: 13122: 13118: 13106: 13104: 13095: 13094: 13087: 13085: 13075: 13071: 13061: 13059: 13049: 13045: 13035: 13033: 13023: 13019: 13009: 13007: 12997: 12993: 12974: 12970: 12961:None Shall Pass 12959: 12955: 12945: 12943: 12928: 12924: 12911: 12910: 12906: 12896: 12894: 12877: 12873: 12863: 12861: 12853: 12852: 12848: 12838: 12836: 12831: 12830: 12826: 12816: 12814: 12799: 12795: 12785: 12783: 12782:on June 3, 2020 12768: 12767: 12763: 12753: 12751: 12742: 12741: 12737: 12728: 12727: 12723: 12713: 12711: 12710:on June 3, 2020 12702: 12701: 12697: 12687: 12685: 12684:on June 3, 2020 12676: 12675: 12671: 12661: 12659: 12651: 12650: 12646: 12607: 12603: 12596: 12582: 12578: 12568: 12566: 12553: 12549: 12539: 12537: 12522: 12518: 12508: 12506: 12491: 12487: 12477: 12475: 12460: 12456: 12446: 12444: 12436: 12435: 12431: 12421: 12419: 12404: 12400: 12390: 12388: 12383: 12382: 12378: 12368: 12366: 12365:on June 1, 2009 12357: 12356: 12352: 12342: 12340: 12325: 12321: 12311: 12309: 12303: 12299: 12289: 12287: 12281: 12277: 12267: 12265: 12256: 12255: 12251: 12241: 12239: 12229: 12225: 12182: 12178: 12168: 12166: 12155: 12151: 12141: 12139: 12124: 12120: 12110: 12108: 12093: 12089: 12079: 12077: 12064: 12063: 12056: 12049: 12035: 12031: 12021: 12019: 12010: 12009: 12005: 11995: 11993: 11983: 11979: 11969: 11967: 11952: 11948: 11938: 11936: 11927: 11926: 11922: 11913: 11912: 11908: 11898: 11896: 11887: 11886: 11882: 11872: 11870: 11853:Hilburn, Robert 11850: 11843: 11833: 11831: 11814: 11805: 11795: 11793: 11776: 11769: 11759: 11757: 11742: 11738: 11728: 11726: 11715: 11711: 11701: 11699: 11684: 11677: 11667: 11665: 11652: 11648: 11638: 11636: 11621: 11617: 11607: 11605: 11603: 11587: 11583: 11573: 11571: 11570:on May 14, 2011 11562: 11561: 11557: 11547: 11545: 11530: 11521: 11511: 11509: 11497: 11493: 11484: 11480: 11470:Wayback Machine 11460: 11456: 11448:, published in 11446:Wayback Machine 11436: 11429: 11424:Wayback Machine 11410:Cheo H. Coker, 11409: 11405: 11395:Wayback Machine 11385: 11375: 11365: 11358:Wayback Machine 11348: 11345:Daily Telegraph 11341:Wayback Machine 11332:Andrew Pettie, 11331: 11324:Wayback Machine 11315:Cheo H. Coker, 11314: 11312: 11308: 11298:Wayback Machine 11288: 11281:Wayback Machine 11271: 11267: 11257:Wayback Machine 11248:Andrew Drever, 11247: 11240:Wayback Machine 11231:Cheo H. Coker, 11230: 11225:, published in 11223:Wayback Machine 11213: 11209: 11203:Washington Post 11196: 11189:Wayback Machine 11180:Cheo H. Coker, 11179: 11172:Wayback Machine 11162: 11158: 11148: 11146: 11121:(1–2): 80–100. 11107: 11100: 11091: 11090: 11086: 11071: 11070: 11063: 11053: 11051: 11040: 11036: 11031: 11027: 11017: 11015: 11002: 11001: 10997: 10992:Wayback Machine 10974: 10970: 10960: 10958: 10953: 10952: 10948: 10938: 10936: 10923: 10922: 10918: 10908: 10906: 10892:Lindsay Barrett 10888: 10884: 10867: 10863: 10853: 10851: 10828: 10824: 10814: 10812: 10797: 10793: 10784: 10782: 10775: 10759: 10755: 10745: 10743: 10720: 10716: 10706: 10704: 10689: 10685: 10675: 10673: 10650: 10646: 10636: 10634: 10625: 10624: 10620: 10603: 10599: 10590: 10586: 10582:, Lonely Planet 10577: 10573: 10568:Wayback Machine 10558: 10554: 10549:Wayback Machine 10539: 10535: 10525: 10523: 10516: 10512: 10496: 10492: 10479: 10478: 10474: 10468:Wayback Machine 10458: 10454: 10444: 10442: 10429: 10428: 10424: 10417: 10403: 10399: 10390: 10386: 10365: 10358: 10349: 10345: 10332: 10331: 10327: 10317: 10315: 10306: 10305: 10298: 10293: 10289: 10280: 10276: 10266: 10264: 10257: 10241: 10237: 10227: 10225: 10206: 10205: 10201: 10191: 10189: 10180: 10179: 10175: 10165: 10163: 10154: 10153: 10149: 10139: 10137: 10130: 10114: 10110: 10100: 10098: 10091: 10075: 10071: 10064: 10046: 10042: 10035:Wayback Machine 10024: 10020: 10007: 10006: 10002: 9992: 9990: 9980: 9976: 9969: 9955: 9951: 9946:Wayback Machine 9937: 9930: 9924: 9914: 9912: 9901: 9897: 9887: 9885: 9877: 9873: 9863: 9861: 9860:on May 15, 2018 9848: 9847: 9843: 9833: 9831: 9830:on May 15, 2018 9816: 9815: 9808: 9800: 9791: 9781: 9779: 9761: 9757: 9747: 9745: 9738: 9734: 9719: 9715: 9707: 9698: 9688:Wayback Machine 9678: 9674: 9667: 9644: 9640: 9631: 9627: 9608: 9604: 9595: 9591: 9582: 9578: 9562: 9561: 9554: 9552: 9536: 9527: 9523: 9513: 9511: 9502: 9501: 9494: 9484: 9482: 9474: 9473: 9469: 9459: 9457: 9449: 9448: 9444: 9434: 9432: 9427: 9426: 9422: 9413: 9409: 9400: 9396: 9373: 9369: 9359: 9357: 9352: 9351: 9347: 9330: 9329: 9325: 9315: 9313: 9312:on June 1, 2015 9302: 9298: 9289: 9288: 9284: 9273: 9269: 9259: 9257: 9240: 9236: 9226: 9224: 9207: 9203: 9193: 9191: 9184: 9177: 9167: 9165: 9152: 9151: 9144: 9136: 9130: 9126: 9111: 9104: 9090: 9083: 9076: 9062: 9055: 9041: 9037: 9027: 9025: 9012: 9011: 9007: 8997: 8995: 8975: 8971: 8961: 8959: 8946: 8945: 8941: 8931: 8929: 8928:. July 11, 2016 8920: 8919: 8915: 8905: 8903: 8888: 8884: 8869:Hager, Steven. 8868: 8864: 8856: 8852: 8845: 8831: 8827: 8818: 8814: 8803: 8799: 8791: 8787: 8777: 8775: 8765: 8761: 8751: 8749: 8736: 8735: 8731: 8721: 8719: 8710: 8709: 8700: 8690: 8688: 8680: 8679: 8675: 8662: 8658: 8645: 8641: 8628: 8624: 8615: 8614: 8610: 8601: 8600: 8596: 8586: 8584: 8575: 8574: 8570: 8560: 8558: 8548: 8544: 8534: 8532: 8523: 8519: 8507: 8503: 8493: 8491: 8481: 8477: 8446: 8442: 8432: 8430: 8421: 8420: 8416: 8406: 8404: 8395: 8394: 8390: 8384:Wayback Machine 8369: 8365: 8360:Wayback Machine 8346: 8342: 8336:Wayback Machine 8323: 8319: 8312: 8289: 8285: 8275: 8273: 8255: 8251: 8244: 8230: 8226: 8216: 8214: 8206: 8205: 8201: 8195:Wayback Machine 8182: 8175: 8165: 8163: 8155: 8154: 8150: 8140: 8138: 8087: 8078: 8034: 8030: 8020: 8018: 8007: 8006: 8002: 7992: 7990: 7979: 7978: 7974: 7964: 7962: 7952: 7948: 7938: 7936: 7924: 7920: 7910: 7908: 7898: 7894: 7884: 7882: 7869: 7868: 7861: 7856: 7798: 7791: 7784: 7779: 7777: 7770: 7765: 7763: 7760: 7686:Serbian hip hop 7658:Russian hip hop 7591:Cassper Nyovest 7285:Freeze Corleone 7169:British hip hop 7161:Demon Days Live 7125:and rapping in 7021:Afro-Brazilians 6975:Control Machete 6939: 6690: 6660:Atlanta hip hop 6545:Tekashi 6ix9ine 6384: 6372:Main articles: 6370: 6342:Sexual Eruption 6291:Jay Electronica 6263:Best I Ever Had 6217:-Canadian poet 6175:The Blueprint 3 6131: 6125:Progressive rap 6121: 6078:'s documentary 6064:Moment of Truth 5983: 5959:It's Goin' Down 5889: 5883: 5858:Ying Yang Twins 5814: 5808: 5667: 5659:Main articles: 5657: 5641:Dilated Peoples 5576: 5471:Destiny's Child 5285:Bad Boy Records 5234: 5229: 5177:' 1993 release 5175:Digable Planets 5129: 5119: 5070:Atlanta hip hop 5011: 5005: 4947:Bad Boy Records 4935:What's My Name? 4850: 4844: 4756:Bad Boy Records 4706:Large Professor 4690:Jeru the Damaja 4684:(primarily for 4559:Tragedy Khadafi 4517:Jungle Brothers 4486: 4480: 4464:Bad Boy Records 4448: 4447: 4446: 4445: 4433: 4432: 4431: 4423: 4422: 4411: 4405: 4343:Russell Simmons 4259: 4245: 4170:Fight the Power 4125: 4057:law enforcement 4049:Fuck tha Police 3973: 3959: 3950: 3942:Main articles: 3940: 3915:Criminal Minded 3910:Licensed to Ill 3888:Licensed to Ill 3854: 3818:Digable Planets 3814:Jungle Brothers 3750: 3744: 3731:Licensed to Ill 3484:Profile Records 3402:synchronisation 3368:Soulsonic Force 3324:Licensed to Ill 3277:. In addition, 3235: 3229: 3219:in Chicago and 3199:, Paul Winley, 3067: 3039:Jocko Henderson 3028:which featured 3024:, a group from 2906: 2901: 2744:Dennis Alcapone 2707:Righteous Ruler 2656:Jocko Henderson 2630:Jocko Henderson 2623: 2617: 2605:Gil Scott-Heron 2589:Pigmeat Markham 2567:Jack the Rapper 2375: 2299: 1973:Gil Scott-Heron 1957:Pigmeat Markham 1915: 1879:Lovebug Starsky 1875:Lovebug Starsky 1834:Lovebug Starski 1816:in 1963 called 1752: 1699:Atlanta hip hop 1542:hip-hop culture 1481: 1449: 1448: 1412:Native American 1329: 1316: 1315: 780: 779:Regional scenes 772:Regional scenes 767: 766: 647: 643: 604:psychedelic rap 525: 524: 270:Alaskan Hip Hop 251: 232:Latin freestyle 175: 165:music sequencer 113: 50: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 21209: 21199: 21198: 21193: 21188: 21183: 21178: 21173: 21168: 21163: 21146: 21145: 21142: 21141: 21139: 21138: 21133: 21128: 21123: 21118: 21113: 21112: 21111: 21106: 21101: 21091: 21090: 21089: 21079: 21074: 21069: 21063: 21061: 21057: 21056: 21054: 21053: 21052: 21051: 21049:Adaptive music 21041: 21036: 21031: 21026: 21021: 21016: 21011: 21006: 21001: 21000: 20999: 20989: 20984: 20978: 20976: 20972: 20971: 20969: 20968: 20967: 20966: 20961: 20951: 20950: 20949: 20944: 20939: 20937:Plunderphonics 20929: 20924: 20923: 20922: 20921: 20920: 20910: 20905: 20900: 20895: 20885: 20880: 20875: 20870: 20869: 20868: 20863: 20858: 20848: 20843: 20837: 20835: 20828: 20824: 20823: 20820: 20819: 20817: 20816: 20811: 20806: 20801: 20796: 20790: 20788: 20784: 20783: 20781: 20780: 20775: 20774: 20773: 20763: 20762: 20761: 20756: 20751: 20741: 20739:Tropical house 20736: 20731: 20726: 20721: 20716: 20715: 20714: 20712:Riddim (genre) 20709: 20699: 20694: 20692:Outsider house 20689: 20684: 20683: 20682: 20677: 20667: 20662: 20657: 20652: 20647: 20642: 20637: 20632: 20627: 20626: 20625: 20615: 20610: 20605: 20600: 20595: 20593:Brazilian bass 20590: 20585: 20583:Big room house 20580: 20575: 20570: 20565: 20559: 20557: 20553: 20552: 20550: 20549: 20544: 20539: 20534: 20532:Vocaloid music 20529: 20528: 20527: 20517: 20512: 20507: 20502: 20501: 20500: 20490: 20485: 20480: 20475: 20470: 20469: 20468: 20463: 20453: 20448: 20447: 20446: 20436: 20431: 20426: 20421: 20416: 20411: 20406: 20401: 20396: 20395: 20394: 20389: 20382:Hypnagogic pop 20379: 20374: 20373: 20372: 20362: 20357: 20352: 20351: 20350: 20345: 20340: 20330: 20329: 20328: 20318: 20313: 20312: 20311: 20301: 20296: 20291: 20286: 20281: 20276: 20270: 20268: 20264: 20263: 20261: 20260: 20259: 20258: 20253: 20243: 20242: 20241: 20236: 20231: 20221: 20220: 20219: 20214: 20209: 20204: 20199: 20194: 20189: 20184: 20179: 20174: 20169: 20159: 20158: 20157: 20147: 20142: 20137: 20132: 20127: 20122: 20117: 20116: 20115: 20105: 20104: 20103: 20096:Minimal techno 20093: 20088: 20083: 20078: 20073: 20072: 20071: 20069:Drill 'n' bass 20061: 20056: 20051: 20046: 20041: 20040: 20039: 20034: 20029: 20024: 20023: 20022: 20020:Lento violento 20012: 20007: 20002: 19997: 19992: 19987: 19985:Belgian techno 19977: 19972: 19971: 19970: 19965: 19955: 19950: 19945: 19944: 19943: 19933: 19928: 19923: 19918: 19913: 19912: 19911: 19910: 19909: 19904: 19899: 19894: 19886: 19885: 19884: 19874: 19873: 19872: 19867: 19862: 19857: 19844: 19843: 19842: 19837: 19832: 19822: 19821: 19820: 19810: 19805: 19800: 19795: 19790: 19785: 19780: 19775: 19774: 19773: 19771:Toytown techno 19768: 19766:Happy hardcore 19763: 19753: 19748: 19743: 19738: 19736:Baltimore club 19733: 19728: 19726:Ambient techno 19723: 19717: 19715: 19711: 19710: 19708: 19707: 19702: 19701: 19700: 19698:Detroit techno 19695: 19690: 19680: 19675: 19670: 19665: 19660: 19655: 19650: 19645: 19640: 19635: 19634: 19633: 19628: 19623: 19618: 19613: 19608: 19603: 19598: 19593: 19588: 19583: 19578: 19573: 19563: 19558: 19553: 19548: 19547: 19546: 19541: 19536: 19531: 19526: 19516: 19511: 19510: 19509: 19499: 19498: 19497: 19487: 19482: 19477: 19476: 19475: 19473:New jack swing 19465: 19464: 19463: 19461:Florida breaks 19453: 19448: 19447: 19446: 19436: 19430: 19428: 19424: 19423: 19421: 19420: 19415: 19410: 19409: 19408: 19403: 19398: 19388: 19387: 19386: 19381: 19376: 19366: 19361: 19360: 19359: 19349: 19348: 19347: 19337: 19332: 19327: 19322: 19317: 19312: 19307: 19306: 19305: 19294: 19292: 19288: 19287: 19285: 19284: 19283: 19282: 19272: 19271: 19270: 19265: 19260: 19250: 19245: 19240: 19235: 19230: 19225: 19220: 19215: 19209: 19207: 19203: 19202: 19200: 19199: 19194: 19189: 19184: 19179: 19174: 19173: 19172: 19167: 19162: 19152: 19150:Computer music 19147: 19142: 19141: 19140: 19135: 19134: 19133: 19123: 19118: 19113: 19111:Electric blues 19102: 19100: 19093: 19082: 19081: 19068: 19065: 19064: 19056: 19055: 19048: 19041: 19033: 19024: 19023: 19021: 19020: 19015: 19010: 19005: 19000: 18995: 18990: 18985: 18980: 18975: 18970: 18965: 18960: 18955: 18950: 18945: 18940: 18935: 18929: 18927: 18923: 18922: 18920: 18919: 18914: 18909: 18904: 18899: 18893: 18891: 18887: 18886: 18875: 18874: 18867: 18860: 18852: 18843: 18842: 18840: 18839: 18827: 18815: 18807: 18804: 18803: 18800: 18799: 18797: 18796: 18791: 18786: 18781: 18776: 18771: 18765: 18763: 18757: 18756: 18754: 18749: 18744: 18738: 18734: 18733: 18731: 18726: 18717: 18714: 18713: 18711: 18706: 18701: 18692: 18689: 18688: 18686: 18681: 18676: 18674:New jack swing 18667: 18664: 18663: 18661: 18656: 18651: 18642: 18639: 18638: 18636: 18631: 18626: 18621: 18612: 18609: 18608: 18606: 18601: 18596: 18587: 18584: 18583: 18581: 18576: 18571: 18562: 18559: 18558: 18556: 18551: 18546: 18537: 18534: 18533: 18531: 18530: 18525: 18520: 18515: 18510: 18505: 18500: 18495: 18490: 18485: 18476: 18473: 18472: 18464: 18461: 18460: 18445: 18444: 18437: 18430: 18422: 18413: 18412: 18410: 18409: 18394: 18391: 18390: 18388: 18387: 18382: 18377: 18372: 18367: 18362: 18357: 18352: 18347: 18342: 18341: 18340: 18335: 18330: 18320: 18315: 18309: 18307: 18303: 18302: 18299: 18298: 18296: 18295: 18290: 18285: 18284: 18283: 18272: 18270: 18267:South American 18262: 18261: 18259: 18258: 18253: 18247: 18245: 18237: 18236: 18233: 18232: 18227: 18222: 18217: 18212: 18207: 18198: 18196: 18195: 18190: 18185: 18183:Asian American 18180: 18179: 18178: 18173: 18163: 18162: 18161: 18156: 18151: 18141: 18140: 18139: 18134: 18129: 18124: 18119: 18109: 18108: 18107: 18102: 18097: 18092: 18087: 18075:United States: 18073: 18072: 18070: 18067:North American 18062: 18061: 18059: 18058: 18053: 18048: 18043: 18038: 18033: 18028: 18023: 18018: 18013: 18007: 18005: 18002:Middle Eastern 17997: 17996: 17994: 17993: 17988: 17983: 17978: 17973: 17968: 17963: 17958: 17953: 17948: 17943: 17938: 17933: 17928: 17923: 17918: 17913: 17908: 17903: 17898: 17893: 17888: 17883: 17878: 17873: 17868: 17863: 17858: 17857: 17856: 17851: 17841: 17836: 17831: 17826: 17820: 17818: 17810: 17809: 17807: 17806: 17801: 17796: 17791: 17786: 17781: 17776: 17771: 17766: 17761: 17756: 17751: 17746: 17745: 17744: 17734: 17729: 17724: 17719: 17714: 17708: 17706: 17698: 17697: 17695: 17694: 17689: 17684: 17679: 17674: 17669: 17664: 17659: 17658: 17657: 17647: 17642: 17637: 17632: 17627: 17622: 17617: 17612: 17607: 17602: 17597: 17592: 17586: 17584: 17573: 17565: 17564: 17561: 17560: 17558: 17557: 17556: 17555: 17545: 17539: 17537: 17531: 17530: 17528: 17527: 17522: 17517: 17512: 17507: 17502: 17501: 17500: 17490: 17489: 17488: 17486:Florida breaks 17483: 17481:Baltimore club 17472: 17470: 17459: 17451: 17450: 17447: 17446: 17444: 17443: 17438: 17433: 17431:Urban Pasifika 17428: 17423: 17418: 17413: 17411:Romany hip hop 17408: 17403: 17398: 17393: 17388: 17383: 17378: 17373: 17368: 17366:Hip hop galsen 17363: 17358: 17353: 17348: 17343: 17337: 17335: 17327: 17326: 17324: 17323: 17318: 17312: 17310: 17302: 17301: 17299: 17298: 17293: 17288: 17283: 17278: 17273: 17268: 17263: 17261:New jack swing 17258: 17253: 17248: 17243: 17238: 17233: 17228: 17222: 17220: 17209: 17201: 17200: 17197: 17196: 17194: 17193: 17188: 17183: 17178: 17173: 17168: 17163: 17162: 17161: 17156: 17151: 17146: 17144:Brooklyn drill 17136: 17130: 17128: 17120: 17119: 17117: 17116: 17111: 17106: 17101: 17100: 17099: 17089: 17083: 17081: 17073: 17072: 17070: 17069: 17064: 17059: 17054: 17049: 17048: 17047: 17042: 17034: 17029: 17028: 17027: 17017: 17016: 17015: 17005: 17000: 16995: 16990: 16989: 16988: 16978: 16973: 16972: 16971: 16961: 16956: 16951: 16950: 16949: 16939: 16934: 16929: 16924: 16919: 16914: 16913: 16912: 16902: 16897: 16892: 16891: 16890: 16879: 16877: 16866: 16858: 16857: 16855: 16854: 16849: 16844: 16839: 16834: 16829: 16823: 16821: 16817: 16816: 16814: 16813: 16808: 16803: 16798: 16793: 16788: 16783: 16782: 16781: 16776: 16766: 16761: 16756: 16750: 16748: 16744: 16743: 16741: 16740: 16733: 16726: 16719: 16712: 16704: 16701: 16700: 16691: 16690: 16683: 16676: 16668: 16662: 16661: 16655: 16650: 16641: 16620: 16600: 16587: 16585:Robert Hilburn 16578: 16567: 16566:—by Jeff Chang 16557: 16556:External links 16554: 16553: 16552: 16545: 16536: 16533: 16532: 16531: 16525: 16503: 16489:(163): 58–65. 16486:Foreign Policy 16476: 16459: 16452: 16434: 16420: 16406: 16388: 16374: 16360: 16346: 16331: 16311: 16308: 16305: 16304: 16287:Socan Magazine 16273: 16247: 16221: 16195: 16183:radrafrica.com 16169: 16143: 16117: 16091: 16066: 16040: 16033: 16015: 15987: 15961: 15931: 15904: 15882: 15863: 15841: 15821: 15799: 15780: 15753: 15724: 15706: 15687: 15681:. p. 89. 15667: 15638: 15620: 15591: 15573: 15558: 15537: 15511: 15482: 15461: 15446: 15426: 15416: 15390: 15364: 15352:Rock The Bells 15339: 15313: 15290: 15276: 15248: 15223: 15202: 15180: 15152: 15126: 15098: 15076: 15048: 15016: 15006: 14980: 14955: 14929: 14904: 14878: 14860: 14843: 14823: 14805: 14778: 14767:. May 15, 2015 14750: 14722: 14700: 14672: 14644: 14616: 14588: 14560: 14532: 14504: 14476: 14450: 14432:Chicago Reader 14417: 14393: 14366: 14338: 14306: 14279: 14252: 14221: 14189: 14160: 14130: 14097: 14073: 14042: 14027: 13994: 13964: 13938: 13916: 13890: 13879:on May 8, 2009 13860: 13829: 13802: 13771: 13735: 13708: 13682: 13652: 13626: 13600: 13574: 13547: 13516: 13483: 13456: 13430: 13399: 13376: 13337: 13314: 13283: 13261: 13243: 13211: 13199: 13173: 13146: 13116: 13069: 13043: 13017: 12991: 12968: 12953: 12922: 12904: 12871: 12846: 12824: 12793: 12761: 12735: 12721: 12695: 12669: 12644: 12601: 12594: 12576: 12547: 12516: 12485: 12454: 12429: 12398: 12376: 12350: 12319: 12297: 12275: 12249: 12223: 12196:(3): 272–286. 12176: 12149: 12118: 12087: 12054: 12047: 12029: 12003: 11991:The New Yorker 11977: 11946: 11920: 11906: 11880: 11841: 11803: 11767: 11736: 11709: 11675: 11646: 11629:Press Telegram 11615: 11601: 11581: 11555: 11519: 11491: 11478: 11461:Scott Mervis, 11454: 11427: 11403: 11386:Scott Mervis, 11306: 11265: 11207: 11176:New York Times 11156: 11098: 11084: 11061: 11034: 11025: 11008:Theme Magazine 10995: 10968: 10946: 10916: 10882: 10861: 10822: 10791: 10773: 10753: 10714: 10697:The New Yorker 10683: 10644: 10618: 10597: 10584: 10571: 10552: 10533: 10510: 10490: 10472: 10452: 10422: 10415: 10397: 10384: 10356: 10343: 10325: 10296: 10287: 10274: 10255: 10235: 10199: 10173: 10147: 10128: 10108: 10089: 10069: 10062: 10040: 10018: 10000: 9974: 9968:978-0977825844 9967: 9949: 9928: 9922: 9895: 9871: 9841: 9806: 9789: 9755: 9732: 9713: 9696: 9672: 9665: 9638: 9625: 9602: 9589: 9576: 9521: 9492: 9467: 9442: 9420: 9407: 9394: 9367: 9345: 9323: 9296: 9282: 9267: 9234: 9201: 9175: 9142: 9124: 9102: 9081: 9074: 9053: 9035: 9005: 8969: 8939: 8913: 8882: 8862: 8850: 8843: 8825: 8819:"hip-hop, n." 8812: 8797: 8793:Zulunation.com 8785: 8759: 8729: 8698: 8673: 8667:Spring Weather 8656: 8639: 8622: 8608: 8594: 8568: 8542: 8517: 8501: 8475: 8460:(2): 686–694. 8440: 8414: 8388: 8377:britannica.com 8363: 8340: 8317: 8310: 8283: 8249: 8242: 8224: 8212:Newspapers.com 8199: 8188:britannica.com 8173: 8161:Newspapers.com 8148: 8076: 8028: 8017:. May 12, 2020 8000: 7972: 7946: 7918: 7892: 7858: 7857: 7855: 7852: 7851: 7850: 7845: 7840: 7835: 7830: 7825: 7820: 7815: 7810: 7804: 7803: 7800:Hip hop portal 7789: 7775: 7759: 7756: 7295:, a crew from 7127:Haitian Creole 7087:Jamaican music 7071:, Thaide, and 7069:Racionais MC's 7053:Belo Horizonte 7037:Rio de Janeiro 6999:Krudas Cubensi 6983:Special Period 6967:Angie Martinez 6938: 6935: 6854:and sometimes 6852:SoundCloud rap 6731:Best Rap Album 6689: 6686: 6667:Brooklyn drill 6658:In the 2010s, 6605:Pi'erre Bourne 6369: 6366: 6324:'s use of the 6322:Roger Troutman 6310:new jack swing 6275:Kendrick Lamar 6120: 6117: 5982: 5979: 5885:Main article: 5882: 5879: 5810:Main article: 5807: 5804: 5786:the Glitch Mob 5771:Hudson Mohawke 5710:West Coast rap 5674:The Glitch Mob 5656: 5653: 5595:Gnarls Barkley 5575: 5572: 5551:'s 2003 album 5379:, Puff Daddy, 5367:performing in 5233: 5230: 5228: 5225: 5205:Herbie Hancock 5108: 5004: 5001: 4995:, and earlier 4993:Tha Alkaholiks 4912:All Eyez on Me 4846:Main article: 4843: 4840: 4784:Rawkus Records 4507:with producer 4501:Native Tongues 4482:Main article: 4479: 4476: 4435: 4434: 4425: 4424: 4416: 4415: 4414: 4413: 4412: 4407:Main article: 4404: 4401: 4331:'s 1993 album 4234: 4229:It's Like That 4223:" in 1982 and 4191:Robert Hilburn 4124: 4121: 4093:the Terminator 3951: 3939: 3936: 3810:Big Daddy Kane 3778:jazz influence 3746:Main article: 3743: 3740: 3657:Mellow Man Ace 3549:the Waitresses 3356:cult following 3265:" (1982), and 3228: 3225: 3205:Bobby Robinson 3182:I Feel For You 3129:elements from 3083:music industry 3066: 3063: 2905: 2902: 2900: 2897: 2780:Sly and Robbie 2671:Sir Lord Comic 2616: 2613: 2601:the Last Poets 2585:Rudy Ray Moore 2534:Doctor Hep Cat 2390:time signature 2374: 2371: 2298: 2295: 2221:In late 1979, 2161:Sugarhill Gang 2036:In the 1970s, 1988:Mark D. Naison 1965:the Last Poets 1939:The Jubalaires 1914: 1911: 1887:Michael Holman 1769:, in Volume 5 1751: 1748: 1743:Kendrick Lamar 1491: 1490: 1477: 1476: 1475: 1474: 1469: 1464: 1456: 1455: 1451: 1450: 1447: 1446: 1445: 1444: 1439: 1434: 1429: 1424: 1419: 1414: 1409: 1404: 1399: 1394: 1389: 1384: 1379: 1374: 1369: 1367:Asian American 1364: 1356: 1351: 1346: 1341: 1336: 1330: 1327: 1326: 1323: 1322: 1318: 1317: 1314: 1313: 1308: 1303: 1294:South American 1290: 1289: 1284: 1271: 1270: 1269: 1268: 1263: 1258: 1253: 1245: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1225: 1220: 1211:North American 1207: 1206: 1201: 1196: 1191: 1186: 1181: 1176: 1171: 1166: 1161: 1156: 1151: 1146: 1141: 1136: 1131: 1126: 1121: 1116: 1111: 1106: 1101: 1096: 1091: 1086: 1081: 1076: 1071: 1066: 1061: 1056: 1051: 1038: 1037: 1032: 1027: 1022: 1017: 1012: 1007: 1002: 997: 992: 987: 978:Middle Eastern 974: 973: 968: 963: 958: 953: 948: 943: 938: 933: 928: 923: 918: 913: 908: 903: 898: 885: 884: 879: 874: 869: 864: 859: 854: 849: 844: 839: 834: 829: 824: 819: 814: 809: 804: 799: 794: 781: 778: 777: 774: 773: 769: 768: 765: 764: 759: 754: 752:urban Pasifika 749: 744: 739: 734: 732:Romany hip hop 729: 724: 719: 714: 709: 704: 699: 694: 689: 684: 682:hip hop galsen 679: 674: 669: 664: 659: 654: 648: 645: 644: 642: 641: 636: 631: 626: 621: 616: 611: 606: 601: 596: 591: 589:new jack swing 586: 581: 576: 571: 566: 561: 556: 551: 546: 540: 537: 536: 532: 531: 523: 522: 517: 512: 507: 502: 497: 492: 487: 482: 477: 472: 467: 462: 457: 452: 447: 442: 437: 432: 427: 422: 417: 412: 407: 402: 397: 392: 387: 382: 377: 372: 367: 362: 357: 352: 347: 342: 337: 332: 327: 322: 317: 312: 307: 302: 297: 292: 290:Brooklyn drill 287: 282: 277: 272: 267: 261: 258: 257: 253: 252: 250: 249: 244: 239: 234: 229: 224: 219: 214: 209: 204: 199: 197:Florida breaks 194: 189: 187:Baltimore club 183: 181: 177: 176: 174: 173: 170: 167: 162: 157: 152: 147: 142: 139: 133: 131: 127: 126: 119: 115: 114: 112: 111: 106: 101: 96: 91: 86: 81: 76: 71: 65: 63: 59: 58: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 21208: 21197: 21194: 21192: 21189: 21187: 21184: 21182: 21179: 21177: 21176:Radio formats 21174: 21172: 21169: 21167: 21164: 21162: 21159: 21158: 21156: 21137: 21134: 21132: 21129: 21127: 21124: 21122: 21119: 21117: 21114: 21110: 21107: 21105: 21102: 21100: 21097: 21096: 21095: 21092: 21088: 21085: 21084: 21083: 21080: 21078: 21075: 21073: 21070: 21068: 21065: 21064: 21062: 21058: 21050: 21047: 21046: 21045: 21042: 21040: 21039:Sound collage 21037: 21035: 21032: 21030: 21027: 21025: 21022: 21020: 21017: 21015: 21012: 21010: 21007: 21005: 21002: 20998: 20995: 20994: 20993: 20990: 20988: 20987:Celtic fusion 20985: 20983: 20980: 20979: 20977: 20973: 20965: 20962: 20960: 20957: 20956: 20955: 20952: 20948: 20945: 20943: 20940: 20938: 20935: 20934: 20933: 20930: 20928: 20925: 20919: 20916: 20915: 20914: 20911: 20909: 20906: 20904: 20901: 20899: 20898:Circuit party 20896: 20894: 20891: 20890: 20889: 20886: 20884: 20881: 20879: 20876: 20874: 20871: 20867: 20864: 20862: 20859: 20857: 20854: 20853: 20852: 20849: 20847: 20844: 20842: 20839: 20838: 20836: 20832: 20829: 20825: 20815: 20812: 20810: 20807: 20805: 20802: 20800: 20797: 20795: 20792: 20791: 20789: 20785: 20779: 20776: 20772: 20769: 20768: 20767: 20764: 20760: 20757: 20755: 20752: 20750: 20747: 20746: 20745: 20742: 20740: 20737: 20735: 20732: 20730: 20727: 20725: 20722: 20720: 20717: 20713: 20710: 20708: 20705: 20704: 20703: 20700: 20698: 20695: 20693: 20690: 20688: 20685: 20681: 20678: 20676: 20673: 20672: 20671: 20668: 20666: 20663: 20661: 20658: 20656: 20653: 20651: 20650:Jungle terror 20648: 20646: 20643: 20641: 20638: 20636: 20633: 20631: 20628: 20624: 20621: 20620: 20619: 20616: 20614: 20611: 20609: 20606: 20604: 20601: 20599: 20596: 20594: 20591: 20589: 20586: 20584: 20581: 20579: 20576: 20574: 20571: 20569: 20566: 20564: 20561: 20560: 20558: 20554: 20548: 20545: 20543: 20540: 20538: 20535: 20533: 20530: 20526: 20523: 20522: 20521: 20518: 20516: 20513: 20511: 20508: 20506: 20503: 20499: 20496: 20495: 20494: 20491: 20489: 20486: 20484: 20481: 20479: 20476: 20474: 20471: 20467: 20464: 20462: 20459: 20458: 20457: 20454: 20452: 20449: 20445: 20442: 20441: 20440: 20437: 20435: 20432: 20430: 20427: 20425: 20422: 20420: 20417: 20415: 20412: 20410: 20407: 20405: 20402: 20400: 20397: 20393: 20390: 20388: 20385: 20384: 20383: 20380: 20378: 20375: 20371: 20368: 20367: 20366: 20363: 20361: 20360:Future garage 20358: 20356: 20355:Electronicore 20353: 20349: 20346: 20344: 20341: 20339: 20336: 20335: 20334: 20333:Electro house 20331: 20327: 20324: 20323: 20322: 20319: 20317: 20316:Dancehall pop 20314: 20310: 20307: 20306: 20305: 20302: 20300: 20297: 20295: 20292: 20290: 20287: 20285: 20282: 20280: 20277: 20275: 20272: 20271: 20269: 20265: 20257: 20254: 20252: 20249: 20248: 20247: 20246:UK hard house 20244: 20240: 20237: 20235: 20232: 20230: 20227: 20226: 20225: 20222: 20218: 20215: 20213: 20210: 20208: 20205: 20203: 20200: 20198: 20195: 20193: 20190: 20188: 20185: 20183: 20180: 20178: 20175: 20173: 20170: 20168: 20165: 20164: 20163: 20160: 20156: 20153: 20152: 20151: 20148: 20146: 20143: 20141: 20138: 20136: 20133: 20131: 20128: 20126: 20123: 20121: 20118: 20114: 20113:Electro swing 20111: 20110: 20109: 20106: 20102: 20099: 20098: 20097: 20094: 20092: 20089: 20087: 20084: 20082: 20079: 20077: 20074: 20070: 20067: 20066: 20065: 20062: 20060: 20057: 20055: 20052: 20050: 20047: 20045: 20042: 20038: 20035: 20033: 20030: 20028: 20025: 20021: 20018: 20017: 20016: 20013: 20011: 20008: 20006: 20003: 20001: 19998: 19996: 19993: 19991: 19990:Bouncy techno 19988: 19986: 19983: 19982: 19981: 19978: 19976: 19973: 19969: 19966: 19964: 19961: 19960: 19959: 19956: 19954: 19951: 19949: 19946: 19942: 19939: 19938: 19937: 19934: 19932: 19929: 19927: 19924: 19922: 19921:Dungeon synth 19919: 19917: 19914: 19908: 19905: 19903: 19900: 19898: 19895: 19893: 19890: 19889: 19887: 19883: 19880: 19879: 19878: 19875: 19871: 19868: 19866: 19863: 19861: 19858: 19856: 19853: 19852: 19850: 19849: 19848: 19847:Drum and bass 19845: 19841: 19838: 19836: 19833: 19831: 19830:Bristol sound 19828: 19827: 19826: 19823: 19819: 19816: 19815: 19814: 19811: 19809: 19806: 19804: 19801: 19799: 19796: 19794: 19791: 19789: 19786: 19784: 19781: 19779: 19776: 19772: 19769: 19767: 19764: 19762: 19759: 19758: 19757: 19754: 19752: 19749: 19747: 19744: 19742: 19739: 19737: 19734: 19732: 19729: 19727: 19724: 19722: 19719: 19718: 19716: 19712: 19706: 19705:Tracker music 19703: 19699: 19696: 19694: 19691: 19689: 19686: 19685: 19684: 19681: 19679: 19676: 19674: 19671: 19669: 19666: 19664: 19661: 19659: 19656: 19654: 19651: 19649: 19646: 19644: 19641: 19639: 19636: 19632: 19629: 19627: 19624: 19622: 19619: 19617: 19614: 19612: 19609: 19607: 19604: 19602: 19599: 19597: 19594: 19592: 19589: 19587: 19584: 19582: 19581:Balearic beat 19579: 19577: 19574: 19572: 19569: 19568: 19567: 19564: 19562: 19559: 19557: 19554: 19552: 19549: 19545: 19542: 19540: 19537: 19535: 19532: 19530: 19527: 19525: 19522: 19521: 19520: 19517: 19515: 19512: 19508: 19505: 19504: 19503: 19500: 19496: 19493: 19492: 19491: 19488: 19486: 19483: 19481: 19478: 19474: 19471: 19470: 19469: 19466: 19462: 19459: 19458: 19457: 19454: 19452: 19449: 19445: 19442: 19441: 19440: 19437: 19435: 19432: 19431: 19429: 19425: 19419: 19416: 19414: 19413:Reggae fusion 19411: 19407: 19404: 19402: 19399: 19397: 19394: 19393: 19392: 19389: 19385: 19382: 19380: 19377: 19375: 19372: 19371: 19370: 19367: 19365: 19362: 19358: 19355: 19354: 19353: 19350: 19346: 19343: 19342: 19341: 19338: 19336: 19333: 19331: 19328: 19326: 19323: 19321: 19318: 19316: 19313: 19311: 19308: 19304: 19301: 19300: 19299: 19296: 19295: 19293: 19289: 19281: 19278: 19277: 19276: 19273: 19269: 19266: 19264: 19261: 19259: 19256: 19255: 19254: 19251: 19249: 19246: 19244: 19243:New-age music 19241: 19239: 19236: 19234: 19231: 19229: 19226: 19224: 19221: 19219: 19216: 19214: 19211: 19210: 19208: 19204: 19198: 19197:Space age pop 19195: 19193: 19190: 19188: 19185: 19183: 19180: 19178: 19175: 19171: 19168: 19166: 19163: 19161: 19158: 19157: 19156: 19153: 19151: 19148: 19146: 19143: 19139: 19138:Western swing 19136: 19132: 19129: 19128: 19127: 19124: 19122: 19119: 19117: 19114: 19112: 19109: 19108: 19107: 19104: 19103: 19101: 19097: 19094: 19092: 19087: 19083: 19079: 19078: 19073: 19072: 19066: 19061: 19054: 19049: 19047: 19042: 19040: 19035: 19034: 19031: 19019: 19016: 19014: 19011: 19009: 19006: 19004: 19001: 18999: 18996: 18994: 18991: 18989: 18986: 18984: 18981: 18979: 18976: 18974: 18971: 18969: 18966: 18964: 18961: 18959: 18956: 18954: 18951: 18949: 18946: 18944: 18941: 18939: 18936: 18934: 18931: 18930: 18928: 18924: 18918: 18915: 18913: 18910: 18908: 18905: 18903: 18900: 18898: 18895: 18894: 18892: 18888: 18884: 18883:United States 18880: 18873: 18868: 18866: 18861: 18859: 18854: 18853: 18850: 18838: 18828: 18826: 18816: 18814: 18813: 18809: 18808: 18805: 18795: 18792: 18790: 18787: 18785: 18782: 18780: 18777: 18775: 18772: 18770: 18767: 18766: 18764: 18758: 18753: 18750: 18748: 18745: 18742: 18739: 18735: 18730: 18727: 18725: 18722: 18720: 18715: 18710: 18707: 18705: 18702: 18700: 18697: 18695: 18690: 18685: 18682: 18680: 18677: 18675: 18672: 18670: 18665: 18660: 18657: 18655: 18652: 18650: 18647: 18645: 18640: 18635: 18632: 18630: 18627: 18625: 18622: 18620: 18617: 18615: 18610: 18605: 18602: 18600: 18597: 18595: 18592: 18590: 18585: 18580: 18577: 18575: 18572: 18570: 18569:Rock and roll 18567: 18565: 18560: 18555: 18552: 18550: 18547: 18545: 18542: 18540: 18535: 18529: 18526: 18524: 18521: 18519: 18516: 18514: 18511: 18509: 18508:Boogie-woogie 18506: 18504: 18501: 18499: 18496: 18494: 18491: 18489: 18486: 18484: 18481: 18480: 18479: 18474: 18469: 18468: 18462: 18457: 18452: 18443: 18438: 18436: 18431: 18429: 18424: 18423: 18420: 18408: 18407: 18396: 18395: 18392: 18386: 18383: 18381: 18378: 18376: 18373: 18371: 18368: 18366: 18363: 18361: 18358: 18356: 18353: 18351: 18348: 18346: 18343: 18339: 18336: 18334: 18333:Record player 18331: 18329: 18326: 18325: 18324: 18321: 18319: 18316: 18314: 18311: 18310: 18308: 18304: 18294: 18291: 18289: 18286: 18282: 18279: 18278: 18277: 18274: 18273: 18271: 18269: 18263: 18257: 18254: 18252: 18249: 18248: 18246: 18244: 18238: 18231: 18228: 18226: 18223: 18221: 18218: 18216: 18213: 18211: 18208: 18206: 18203: 18202: 18201: 18194: 18191: 18189: 18186: 18184: 18181: 18177: 18174: 18172: 18169: 18168: 18167: 18164: 18160: 18157: 18155: 18152: 18150: 18147: 18146: 18145: 18142: 18138: 18135: 18133: 18130: 18128: 18125: 18123: 18120: 18118: 18115: 18114: 18113: 18110: 18106: 18103: 18101: 18098: 18096: 18095:New York City 18093: 18091: 18088: 18086: 18083: 18082: 18081: 18078: 18077: 18076: 18071: 18069: 18063: 18057: 18054: 18052: 18049: 18047: 18044: 18042: 18041:Saudi Arabian 18039: 18037: 18034: 18032: 18029: 18027: 18024: 18022: 18019: 18017: 18014: 18012: 18009: 18008: 18006: 18004: 17998: 17992: 17989: 17987: 17984: 17982: 17979: 17977: 17974: 17972: 17969: 17967: 17964: 17962: 17959: 17957: 17954: 17952: 17949: 17947: 17944: 17942: 17939: 17937: 17934: 17932: 17929: 17927: 17924: 17922: 17919: 17917: 17914: 17912: 17909: 17907: 17904: 17902: 17899: 17897: 17894: 17892: 17889: 17887: 17884: 17882: 17879: 17877: 17874: 17872: 17869: 17867: 17864: 17862: 17859: 17855: 17852: 17850: 17847: 17846: 17845: 17842: 17840: 17837: 17835: 17832: 17830: 17827: 17825: 17822: 17821: 17819: 17817: 17811: 17805: 17802: 17800: 17797: 17795: 17792: 17790: 17787: 17785: 17782: 17780: 17777: 17775: 17772: 17770: 17767: 17765: 17762: 17760: 17757: 17755: 17752: 17750: 17747: 17743: 17740: 17739: 17738: 17735: 17733: 17730: 17728: 17725: 17723: 17720: 17718: 17715: 17713: 17710: 17709: 17707: 17705: 17699: 17693: 17690: 17688: 17685: 17683: 17680: 17678: 17675: 17673: 17672:South African 17670: 17668: 17665: 17663: 17660: 17656: 17655:Port Harcourt 17653: 17652: 17651: 17648: 17646: 17643: 17641: 17638: 17636: 17633: 17631: 17628: 17626: 17623: 17621: 17618: 17616: 17613: 17611: 17608: 17606: 17603: 17601: 17598: 17596: 17593: 17591: 17588: 17587: 17585: 17583: 17577: 17574: 17572: 17566: 17554: 17551: 17550: 17549: 17546: 17544: 17541: 17540: 17538: 17532: 17526: 17523: 17521: 17518: 17516: 17513: 17511: 17508: 17506: 17503: 17499: 17496: 17495: 17494: 17491: 17487: 17484: 17482: 17479: 17478: 17477: 17474: 17473: 17471: 17469: 17463: 17460: 17458: 17452: 17442: 17439: 17437: 17436:Vigilante rap 17434: 17432: 17429: 17427: 17424: 17422: 17419: 17417: 17414: 17412: 17409: 17407: 17406:Nuyorican rap 17404: 17402: 17399: 17397: 17394: 17392: 17389: 17387: 17384: 17382: 17379: 17377: 17374: 17372: 17369: 17367: 17364: 17362: 17359: 17357: 17354: 17352: 17349: 17347: 17344: 17342: 17339: 17338: 17336: 17334: 17328: 17322: 17319: 17317: 17314: 17313: 17311: 17309: 17303: 17297: 17294: 17292: 17289: 17287: 17284: 17282: 17279: 17277: 17274: 17272: 17269: 17267: 17264: 17262: 17259: 17257: 17254: 17252: 17249: 17247: 17244: 17242: 17239: 17237: 17234: 17232: 17229: 17227: 17224: 17223: 17221: 17219: 17213: 17210: 17208: 17206:Fusion genres 17202: 17192: 17189: 17187: 17184: 17182: 17179: 17177: 17174: 17172: 17169: 17167: 17164: 17160: 17157: 17155: 17152: 17150: 17147: 17145: 17142: 17141: 17140: 17137: 17135: 17132: 17131: 17129: 17127: 17121: 17115: 17112: 17110: 17107: 17105: 17102: 17098: 17095: 17094: 17093: 17090: 17088: 17085: 17084: 17082: 17080: 17074: 17068: 17065: 17063: 17060: 17058: 17055: 17053: 17050: 17046: 17043: 17041: 17038: 17037: 17035: 17033: 17030: 17026: 17023: 17022: 17021: 17018: 17014: 17011: 17010: 17009: 17006: 17004: 17001: 16999: 16996: 16994: 16991: 16987: 16984: 16983: 16982: 16979: 16977: 16974: 16970: 16967: 16966: 16965: 16962: 16960: 16959:Freestyle rap 16957: 16955: 16952: 16948: 16945: 16944: 16943: 16940: 16938: 16935: 16933: 16930: 16928: 16925: 16923: 16920: 16918: 16917:Chipmunk soul 16915: 16911: 16908: 16907: 16906: 16903: 16901: 16898: 16896: 16893: 16889: 16886: 16885: 16884: 16881: 16880: 16878: 16876: 16870: 16867: 16865: 16859: 16853: 16850: 16848: 16845: 16843: 16840: 16838: 16835: 16833: 16830: 16828: 16825: 16824: 16822: 16818: 16812: 16809: 16807: 16804: 16802: 16799: 16797: 16794: 16792: 16789: 16787: 16784: 16780: 16777: 16775: 16772: 16771: 16770: 16767: 16765: 16762: 16760: 16757: 16755: 16752: 16751: 16749: 16745: 16739: 16734: 16732: 16727: 16725: 16720: 16718: 16713: 16711: 16706: 16705: 16702: 16698: 16689: 16684: 16682: 16677: 16675: 16670: 16669: 16666: 16659: 16656: 16654: 16651: 16649: 16648:Chuck Philips 16645: 16642: 16638: 16634: 16630: 16626: 16621: 16609: 16605: 16601: 16598: 16594: 16591: 16588: 16586: 16582: 16579: 16577: 16576: 16571: 16568: 16565: 16564: 16560: 16559: 16550: 16546: 16543: 16539: 16538: 16528: 16522: 16518: 16514: 16513: 16508: 16504: 16492: 16488: 16487: 16482: 16477: 16474: 16473:0-312-42579-1 16470: 16466: 16465: 16460: 16457: 16453: 16451: 16450:0-306-81184-7 16447: 16443: 16441: 16435: 16433: 16432:0-14-028022-7 16429: 16425: 16421: 16419: 16418:0-609-80503-7 16415: 16411: 16407: 16405: 16404:0-7914-2626-2 16401: 16397: 16393: 16389: 16387: 16386:0-8195-6275-0 16383: 16379: 16375: 16373: 16369: 16365: 16361: 16359: 16358:1-4010-2851-9 16355: 16351: 16347: 16344: 16340: 16339:Hank Shocklee 16336: 16332: 16329: 16328:1-85242-243-2 16325: 16321: 16318:(1984/1991). 16317: 16314: 16313: 16292: 16288: 16284: 16277: 16261: 16257: 16251: 16235: 16231: 16225: 16210: 16206: 16199: 16184: 16180: 16173: 16157: 16153: 16147: 16132: 16128: 16121: 16106: 16102: 16095: 16080: 16076: 16070: 16055: 16054:Pulse Nigeria 16051: 16044: 16036: 16030: 16026: 16019: 16003: 16002: 15997: 15991: 15975: 15974:Visit Tampere 15971: 15965: 15958: 15945: 15941: 15935: 15919: 15915: 15908: 15893: 15889: 15885: 15879: 15875: 15874: 15867: 15852: 15848: 15844: 15838: 15834: 15833: 15825: 15810: 15806: 15802: 15796: 15792: 15791: 15784: 15768: 15764: 15757: 15749: 15743: 15735: 15731: 15727: 15725:9780814213155 15721: 15717: 15710: 15694: 15690: 15684: 15680: 15679: 15671: 15663: 15657: 15649: 15645: 15641: 15639:9780814213155 15635: 15631: 15624: 15616: 15610: 15602: 15598: 15594: 15592:9780814213155 15588: 15584: 15577: 15569: 15565: 15561: 15559:9780814738184 15555: 15551: 15544: 15542: 15525: 15521: 15515: 15507: 15501: 15493: 15489: 15485: 15483:9780822358855 15479: 15475: 15468: 15466: 15457: 15453: 15449: 15443: 15439: 15438: 15430: 15424: 15420: 15405: 15401: 15394: 15378: 15374: 15368: 15353: 15349: 15343: 15327: 15323: 15317: 15309: 15308: 15303: 15297: 15295: 15286: 15280: 15265: 15264: 15263:Rolling Stone 15259: 15252: 15237: 15233: 15227: 15212: 15206: 15190: 15184: 15168: 15167: 15162: 15156: 15141: 15137: 15130: 15114: 15113: 15108: 15102: 15086: 15080: 15064: 15063: 15058: 15052: 15036: 15032: 15031: 15030:Rolling Stone 15026: 15020: 15014: 15010: 14995: 14991: 14984: 14969: 14965: 14959: 14944: 14940: 14933: 14918: 14914: 14908: 14892: 14888: 14882: 14874: 14873:Hypebeast.com 14870: 14864: 14856: 14853: 14847: 14839: 14838: 14833: 14827: 14819: 14815: 14809: 14794: 14793: 14788: 14782: 14766: 14765: 14760: 14754: 14738: 14737: 14732: 14726: 14710: 14704: 14689: 14688: 14683: 14676: 14661: 14660: 14655: 14648: 14633: 14632: 14627: 14620: 14605: 14604: 14599: 14592: 14577: 14576: 14571: 14564: 14549: 14548: 14547:Rolling Stone 14543: 14536: 14521: 14520: 14515: 14508: 14492: 14491: 14486: 14480: 14465: 14464:Billboard.com 14461: 14454: 14438: 14434: 14433: 14428: 14421: 14413: 14409: 14408: 14403: 14397: 14382: 14381: 14376: 14370: 14354: 14353: 14348: 14342: 14326: 14322: 14321: 14316: 14310: 14294: 14290: 14283: 14267: 14263: 14256: 14240: 14236: 14232: 14229:Noz, Andrew. 14225: 14209: 14205: 14204: 14199: 14193: 14182:September 28, 14178: 14174: 14167: 14165: 14148: 14144: 14140: 14134: 14118: 14114: 14113: 14108: 14101: 14094: 14090: 14086: 14083: 14077: 14061: 14057: 14053: 14046: 14038: 14037:Rolling Stone 14031: 14015: 14011: 14010: 14005: 13998: 13982: 13978: 13974: 13968: 13952: 13948: 13942: 13926: 13920: 13904: 13900: 13894: 13878: 13874: 13870: 13864: 13848: 13844: 13840: 13833: 13817: 13813: 13806: 13790: 13786: 13782: 13775: 13759: 13755: 13754: 13749: 13747: 13739: 13723: 13719: 13712: 13697: 13693: 13686: 13670: 13666: 13662: 13656: 13641: 13637: 13630: 13615: 13611: 13604: 13588: 13584: 13578: 13562: 13558: 13551: 13535: 13531: 13527: 13520: 13504: 13500: 13499: 13494: 13487: 13471: 13467: 13460: 13444: 13440: 13434: 13418: 13414: 13410: 13403: 13387: 13380: 13361: 13357: 13356: 13348: 13341: 13333: 13329: 13325: 13318: 13302: 13298: 13294: 13287: 13271: 13265: 13257: 13253: 13247: 13231: 13227: 13226: 13221: 13215: 13208: 13203: 13192:September 27, 13188:. May 5, 2021 13187: 13183: 13177: 13161: 13157: 13150: 13139:September 27, 13134: 13130: 13126: 13125:"Crunk Music" 13120: 13112: 13099: 13088:September 27, 13084: 13083:liveabout.com 13080: 13073: 13062:September 27, 13058: 13054: 13047: 13036:September 27, 13032: 13028: 13021: 13010:September 27, 13006: 13002: 12995: 12987: 12983: 12979: 12972: 12966: 12962: 12957: 12941: 12937: 12933: 12926: 12918: 12914: 12908: 12892: 12888: 12887: 12882: 12875: 12864:September 27, 12860: 12856: 12850: 12834: 12828: 12812: 12808: 12804: 12797: 12781: 12777: 12776: 12771: 12765: 12749: 12745: 12739: 12731: 12725: 12709: 12705: 12699: 12683: 12679: 12673: 12658: 12654: 12648: 12640: 12636: 12632: 12628: 12624: 12620: 12616: 12612: 12605: 12597: 12595:0-7119-8744-0 12591: 12587: 12580: 12565: 12561: 12557: 12551: 12535: 12531: 12527: 12526:"Dirty South" 12520: 12504: 12500: 12499:Houston Press 12496: 12489: 12478:September 11, 12473: 12469: 12465: 12458: 12443: 12439: 12433: 12417: 12413: 12412:Rolling Stone 12409: 12402: 12386: 12380: 12364: 12360: 12354: 12338: 12334: 12330: 12327:Osorio, Kim. 12323: 12308: 12305:Huey, Steve. 12301: 12286: 12283:Huey, Steve. 12279: 12263: 12259: 12253: 12238: 12234: 12227: 12219: 12215: 12211: 12207: 12203: 12199: 12195: 12191: 12187: 12180: 12164: 12160: 12153: 12137: 12133: 12129: 12122: 12106: 12102: 12098: 12091: 12075: 12071: 12067: 12061: 12059: 12050: 12044: 12040: 12033: 12017: 12013: 12007: 11992: 11988: 11981: 11965: 11961: 11957: 11950: 11934: 11930: 11924: 11916: 11910: 11894: 11890: 11884: 11868: 11864: 11863: 11858: 11854: 11848: 11846: 11829: 11825: 11824: 11819: 11812: 11810: 11808: 11791: 11787: 11786: 11781: 11774: 11772: 11760:September 27, 11755: 11751: 11747: 11740: 11729:September 27, 11724: 11720: 11713: 11697: 11693: 11689: 11682: 11680: 11663: 11659: 11658: 11650: 11634: 11630: 11626: 11619: 11604: 11602:9780226468365 11598: 11594: 11593: 11585: 11569: 11565: 11559: 11543: 11539: 11535: 11528: 11526: 11524: 11508: 11507: 11502: 11495: 11488: 11482: 11475: 11471: 11467: 11464: 11458: 11451: 11447: 11443: 11440: 11434: 11432: 11425: 11421: 11417: 11416:Rolling Stone 11413: 11407: 11400: 11396: 11392: 11389: 11383: 11379: 11373: 11369: 11363: 11362:Village Voice 11359: 11355: 11352: 11349:Mosi Reeves, 11346: 11342: 11338: 11335: 11329: 11328:Rolling Stone 11325: 11321: 11318: 11310: 11303: 11299: 11295: 11292: 11286: 11282: 11278: 11275: 11269: 11262: 11258: 11254: 11251: 11245: 11244:Rolling Stone 11241: 11237: 11234: 11228: 11224: 11220: 11217: 11211: 11204: 11200: 11194: 11193:Rolling Stone 11190: 11186: 11183: 11177: 11173: 11169: 11166: 11160: 11144: 11139: 11134: 11129: 11124: 11120: 11116: 11112: 11105: 11103: 11094: 11088: 11080: 11079: 11074: 11068: 11066: 11049: 11045: 11038: 11029: 11013: 11009: 11005: 10999: 10993: 10989: 10986: 10983: 10978: 10972: 10956: 10950: 10934: 10930: 10926: 10920: 10905: 10901: 10897: 10893: 10886: 10879: 10878:1-85242-627-6 10875: 10871: 10865: 10849: 10845: 10841: 10837: 10833: 10826: 10810: 10806: 10802: 10795: 10780: 10776: 10770: 10766: 10765: 10757: 10741: 10737: 10733: 10729: 10725: 10718: 10702: 10698: 10694: 10687: 10671: 10667: 10663: 10659: 10655: 10648: 10632: 10628: 10622: 10615: 10614:1-85242-627-6 10611: 10607: 10601: 10594: 10588: 10581: 10575: 10569: 10565: 10562: 10556: 10550: 10546: 10543: 10537: 10521: 10514: 10508: 10507:0-609-80503-7 10504: 10500: 10494: 10486: 10482: 10476: 10469: 10465: 10462: 10456: 10440: 10436: 10432: 10426: 10418: 10412: 10408: 10401: 10394: 10388: 10381: 10380:1-85242-243-2 10377: 10373: 10369: 10363: 10361: 10353: 10347: 10339: 10338:AllHipHop.com 10335: 10329: 10313: 10309: 10303: 10301: 10291: 10284: 10278: 10262: 10258: 10252: 10248: 10247: 10239: 10223: 10219: 10215: 10211: 10210: 10203: 10187: 10183: 10177: 10161: 10157: 10151: 10135: 10131: 10125: 10121: 10120: 10112: 10096: 10092: 10086: 10082: 10081: 10073: 10065: 10059: 10054: 10053: 10044: 10037: 10036: 10032: 10029: 10022: 10014: 10010: 10004: 9989: 9988:Rolling Stone 9985: 9978: 9970: 9964: 9960: 9953: 9947: 9943: 9940: 9935: 9933: 9926: 9910: 9906: 9899: 9888:September 27, 9883: 9875: 9859: 9855: 9854:Rolling Stone 9851: 9845: 9829: 9825: 9824: 9823:Rolling Stone 9819: 9813: 9811: 9803: 9798: 9796: 9794: 9777: 9774:. p. 3. 9773: 9769: 9765: 9759: 9743: 9736: 9728: 9724: 9717: 9711:, p. 62. 9710: 9705: 9703: 9701: 9693: 9689: 9685: 9682: 9676: 9668: 9666:0-465-04195-7 9662: 9658: 9654: 9653: 9648: 9642: 9635: 9629: 9621: 9617: 9616:AllHipHop.com 9613: 9610:Brown, Mike. 9606: 9599: 9596:Toop, David. 9593: 9586: 9580: 9572: 9566: 9550: 9546: 9540: 9535: 9531: 9525: 9509: 9505: 9499: 9497: 9481: 9477: 9471: 9456: 9452: 9446: 9430: 9424: 9417: 9411: 9404: 9398: 9390: 9386: 9382: 9378: 9371: 9355: 9349: 9341: 9337: 9333: 9327: 9311: 9307: 9300: 9292: 9286: 9278: 9271: 9255: 9251: 9250: 9245: 9238: 9222: 9218: 9217: 9212: 9205: 9189: 9182: 9180: 9163: 9159: 9155: 9149: 9147: 9135: 9128: 9121: 9117: 9116: 9109: 9107: 9100: 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7433: 7429: 7425: 7421: 7417: 7409: 7404: 7400: 7399: 7395: 7391: 7386: 7385:Black British 7381: 7380:Dizzee Rascal 7377: 7376:drum and bass 7373: 7369: 7361: 7357: 7353: 7349: 7344: 7340: 7338: 7334: 7330: 7326: 7322: 7318: 7314: 7310: 7306: 7302: 7298: 7294: 7290: 7286: 7282: 7278: 7274: 7270: 7266: 7262: 7258: 7254: 7250: 7246: 7242: 7238: 7234: 7230: 7226: 7222: 7218: 7214: 7210: 7206: 7202: 7198: 7194: 7190: 7186: 7182: 7178: 7177:Dizzee Rascal 7174: 7170: 7162: 7158: 7154: 7150: 7146: 7144: 7140: 7136: 7132: 7128: 7124: 7123:Flag of Haiti 7120: 7115: 7112: 7107: 7105: 7101: 7100:Tego Calderón 7097: 7092: 7088: 7084: 7080: 7078: 7074: 7070: 7066: 7062: 7058: 7054: 7050: 7046: 7042: 7038: 7034: 7030: 7026: 7022: 7018: 7010: 7006: 7002: 7000: 6996: 6992: 6988: 6984: 6978: 6976: 6972: 6968: 6964: 6960: 6954: 6947: 6943: 6934: 6932: 6931: 6926: 6922: 6918: 6914: 6910: 6906: 6902: 6898: 6894: 6890: 6886: 6878: 6877: 6872: 6867: 6863: 6861: 6857: 6853: 6849: 6845: 6841: 6837: 6833: 6829: 6828:Playboi Carti 6825: 6821: 6817: 6813: 6809: 6805: 6801: 6797: 6793: 6792:Bryson Tiller 6789: 6785: 6781: 6777: 6772: 6770: 6766: 6765: 6760: 6756: 6755: 6750: 6749: 6744: 6740: 6736: 6732: 6728: 6727: 6726:Coloring Book 6722: 6718: 6714: 6710: 6702: 6698: 6694: 6685: 6683: 6681: 6676: 6672: 6668: 6663: 6661: 6656: 6654: 6653:musical genre 6650: 6646: 6642: 6641: 6635: 6633: 6629: 6628:Black Thought 6625: 6621: 6616: 6614: 6610: 6606: 6602: 6598: 6594: 6590: 6586: 6582: 6578: 6574: 6570: 6566: 6562: 6558: 6554: 6550: 6546: 6542: 6538: 6534: 6530: 6526: 6522: 6518: 6514: 6510: 6506: 6502: 6498: 6494: 6490: 6486: 6482: 6478: 6474: 6466: 6462: 6458: 6456: 6452: 6448: 6444: 6440: 6436: 6434: 6428: 6424: 6419: 6418:Roland TR-808 6415: 6411: 6407: 6403: 6402: 6392: 6388: 6383: 6379: 6375: 6365: 6363: 6362:Boom Boom Pow 6359: 6355: 6351: 6347: 6343: 6339: 6334: 6331: 6327: 6323: 6319: 6315: 6311: 6307: 6303: 6298: 6296: 6292: 6288: 6287:the Cool Kids 6284: 6280: 6276: 6272: 6268: 6264: 6260: 6256: 6252: 6246: 6243: 6239: 6237: 6232: 6228: 6224: 6220: 6216: 6208: 6204: 6200: 6198: 6192: 6188: 6186: 6181: 6177: 6176: 6170: 6169: 6163: 6162: 6157: 6153: 6152: 6147: 6139: 6135: 6130: 6126: 6116: 6114: 6113: 6108: 6104: 6100: 6096: 6092: 6088: 6086: 6081: 6077: 6072: 6070: 6066: 6065: 6060: 6056: 6055: 6049: 6048: 6043: 6039: 6038: 6033: 6027: 6025: 6021: 6017: 6016: 6011: 6006: 6002: 6001: 5992: 5987: 5978: 5976: 5972: 5968: 5964: 5960: 5956: 5952: 5948: 5944: 5940: 5936: 5932: 5928: 5924: 5920: 5917: 5916:Roland TR-808 5913: 5909: 5902: 5898: 5893: 5888: 5878: 5876: 5871: 5867: 5866:Roland TR-808 5863: 5859: 5855: 5851: 5847: 5843: 5839: 5835: 5831: 5823: 5818: 5813: 5803: 5801: 5797: 5793: 5792: 5791:Pitchfork.com 5787: 5783: 5778: 5776: 5772: 5767: 5763: 5759: 5755: 5751: 5747: 5742: 5740: 5736: 5732: 5728: 5724: 5720: 5715: 5711: 5707: 5703: 5699: 5695: 5691: 5687: 5679: 5675: 5671: 5666: 5665:Wonky (music) 5662: 5652: 5650: 5646: 5642: 5638: 5634: 5630: 5626: 5622: 5618: 5614: 5610: 5607: 5602: 5601: 5596: 5592: 5588: 5584: 5580: 5571: 5569: 5565: 5564:Elvis Presley 5560: 5556: 5555: 5550: 5546: 5542: 5541: 5536: 5535: 5526: 5522: 5518: 5516: 5512: 5508: 5504: 5500: 5496: 5492: 5488: 5484: 5480: 5476: 5472: 5468: 5464: 5460: 5456: 5455: 5450: 5446: 5445:House of Pain 5442: 5438: 5434: 5430: 5426: 5422: 5418: 5414: 5410: 5406: 5402: 5398: 5394: 5390: 5386: 5382: 5378: 5370: 5366: 5362: 5358: 5356: 5352: 5348: 5344: 5340: 5336: 5332: 5328: 5324: 5320: 5316: 5312: 5308: 5304: 5300: 5296: 5292: 5291: 5286: 5282: 5278: 5274: 5270: 5266: 5262: 5258: 5254: 5250: 5242: 5238: 5224: 5222: 5218: 5214: 5210: 5206: 5202: 5198: 5194: 5193:Sonny Rollins 5190: 5186: 5182: 5181: 5176: 5172: 5170: 5166: 5162: 5158: 5154: 5150: 5146: 5145:hardcore punk 5142: 5138: 5134: 5128: 5125: 5124: 5116: 5114: 5107: 5105: 5101: 5100: 5095: 5091: 5090: 5085: 5081: 5080: 5075: 5071: 5067: 5065: 5061: 5057: 5056: 5052:in 1990, and 5051: 5050: 5049:The Geto Boys 5045: 5042:in 1989, the 5041: 5040: 5035: 5031: 5024: 5020: 5015: 5010: 5000: 4998: 4994: 4990: 4986: 4985:Ugly Duckling 4982: 4978: 4977:Blackalicious 4974: 4970: 4966: 4962: 4957: 4956: 4952: 4948: 4944: 4940: 4939:Gin and Juice 4936: 4932: 4931: 4926: 4922: 4918: 4914: 4913: 4908: 4904: 4900: 4896: 4892: 4888: 4884: 4880: 4879: 4874: 4870: 4862: 4858: 4854: 4849: 4839: 4837: 4836:Saul Williams 4833: 4829: 4825: 4821: 4817: 4813: 4809: 4805: 4801: 4797: 4793: 4789: 4785: 4781: 4777: 4773: 4769: 4765: 4761: 4757: 4749: 4745: 4741: 4739: 4738: 4733: 4729: 4728: 4723: 4719: 4715: 4711: 4707: 4703: 4699: 4695: 4691: 4687: 4683: 4679: 4678: 4677:Liquid Swords 4673: 4669: 4668: 4663: 4659: 4658: 4653: 4649: 4644: 4640: 4639: 4634: 4633: 4628: 4624: 4623: 4618: 4610: 4609: 4604: 4600: 4596: 4594: 4590: 4589: 4588:Hell on Earth 4584: 4583: 4578: 4574: 4570: 4569: 4564: 4560: 4556: 4552: 4548: 4544: 4543: 4542:SlaughtaHouse 4538: 4534: 4530: 4526: 4522: 4518: 4514: 4510: 4506: 4502: 4494: 4490: 4485: 4475: 4473: 4469: 4465: 4461: 4457: 4453: 4443: 4439: 4429: 4420: 4410: 4400: 4397: 4392: 4386: 4384: 4380: 4376: 4372: 4368: 4364: 4360: 4356: 4352: 4346: 4344: 4340: 4336: 4335: 4330: 4326: 4322: 4321: 4316: 4312: 4309: 4308: 4303: 4299: 4295: 4291: 4288: 4284: 4280: 4278: 4273: 4269: 4268: 4263: 4258: 4255: 4254: 4249: 4242: 4240: 4239:rock 'n' roll 4232: 4230: 4226: 4222: 4218: 4214: 4210: 4206: 4200: 4198: 4197: 4192: 4188: 4185: 4184: 4179: 4175: 4171: 4167: 4163: 4162: 4157: 4156: 4151: 4150: 4145: 4137: 4133: 4129: 4120: 4118: 4114: 4109: 4105: 4100: 4098: 4094: 4090: 4085: 4084: 4083:Home Invasion 4079: 4075: 4071: 4067: 4066: 4060: 4058: 4054: 4050: 4046: 4042: 4038: 4034: 4033: 4028: 4022: 4020: 4019:political rap 4016: 4012: 4008: 4004: 4000: 3996: 3992: 3991: 3986: 3982: 3978: 3972: 3969: 3968: 3963: 3962:Chuck Philips 3956: 3949: 3945: 3935: 3933: 3929: 3928: 3923: 3922: 3917: 3916: 3911: 3907: 3903: 3902: 3898: 3894: 3890: 3889: 3884: 3883: 3878: 3874: 3873: 3867: 3864: 3863:Sway Calloway 3860: 3853: 3852: 3847: 3846: 3845:Rolling Stone 3837: 3833: 3829: 3825: 3821: 3819: 3815: 3811: 3807: 3803: 3799: 3795: 3791: 3787: 3783: 3779: 3775: 3771: 3762: 3758: 3754: 3749: 3739: 3737: 3733: 3732: 3728:' 1986 album 3727: 3721: 3719: 3715: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3696: 3692: 3688: 3684: 3680: 3676: 3672: 3670: 3666: 3662: 3658: 3654: 3650: 3646: 3642: 3638: 3634: 3630: 3625: 3623: 3619: 3615: 3611: 3610: 3609:H.I.P. H.O.P. 3605: 3601: 3597: 3592: 3590: 3586: 3582: 3578: 3574: 3570: 3566: 3560: 3558: 3554: 3550: 3546: 3542: 3538: 3534: 3530: 3526: 3522: 3518: 3514: 3510: 3506: 3502: 3501:Planet Patrol 3498: 3494: 3490: 3485: 3481: 3480:Prism Records 3477: 3473: 3469: 3467: 3466:conscious rap 3463: 3459: 3455: 3451: 3447: 3443: 3439: 3430: 3426: 3422: 3420: 3415: 3411: 3407: 3403: 3399: 3395: 3388: 3383: 3379: 3377: 3373: 3369: 3365: 3361: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3346:launched the 3345: 3342:In 1980, the 3336: 3332: 3330: 3326: 3325: 3320: 3319: 3314: 3313: 3308: 3304: 3300: 3296: 3292: 3288: 3284: 3280: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3256: 3247: 3243: 3242:DJ Jazzy Jeff 3239: 3234: 3224: 3222: 3218: 3214: 3210: 3206: 3202: 3198: 3194: 3190: 3185: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3174:Midnight Star 3171: 3167: 3163: 3159: 3155: 3154:Planet Patrol 3151: 3150:electro music 3147: 3144: 3140: 3136: 3132: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3100: 3095: 3092: 3088: 3084: 3081: 3077: 3072: 3062: 3060: 3056: 3052: 3048: 3047: 3042: 3040: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3023: 3019: 3015: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2987: 2983: 2979: 2975: 2971: 2967: 2961: 2959: 2955: 2951: 2947: 2942: 2938: 2934: 2926: 2922: 2918: 2914: 2910: 2896: 2894: 2893: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2867: 2865: 2861: 2860: 2855: 2854: 2849: 2848: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2830: 2826: 2822: 2817: 2814: 2810: 2805: 2800: 2798: 2793: 2789: 2785: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2757: 2753: 2752:Prince Jazzbo 2749: 2745: 2741: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2724: 2723:Wake the Town 2720: 2716: 2712: 2709:(produced by 2708: 2704: 2700: 2696: 2695:Prince Buster 2692: 2688: 2684: 2680: 2676: 2672: 2667: 2665: 2661: 2657: 2651: 2649: 2644: 2640: 2635: 2631: 2627: 2622: 2612: 2610: 2606: 2602: 2598: 2594: 2590: 2586: 2582: 2578: 2574: 2573: 2572:Family Affair 2568: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2552: 2548: 2543: 2539: 2535: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2490: 2486: 2482: 2478: 2474: 2470: 2466: 2465:African music 2462: 2457: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2443: 2439: 2435: 2431: 2427: 2423: 2419: 2415: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2370: 2368: 2364: 2363:accompaniment 2360: 2359:beat juggling 2356: 2352: 2348: 2344: 2343:sound effects 2340: 2335: 2333: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2303: 2294: 2292: 2288: 2284: 2280: 2276: 2272: 2271: 2270:Rolling Stone 2266: 2262: 2257: 2255: 2251: 2249: 2244: 2240: 2236: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2219: 2217: 2212: 2210: 2206: 2200: 2197: 2193: 2189: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2129: 2125: 2121: 2117: 2114: 2109: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2093: 2091: 2087: 2082: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2063: 2059: 2055: 2051: 2047: 2043: 2039: 2038:block parties 2031: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2017: 2016:coming of age 2011: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1985: 1984:New York City 1980: 1978: 1974: 1971:in 1970, and 1970: 1967:who released 1966: 1962: 1958: 1954: 1953: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1932: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1910: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1899: 1894: 1893: 1888: 1884: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1871: 1865: 1861: 1857: 1853: 1849: 1845: 1844: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1811: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1776: 1772: 1768: 1763: 1759: 1758: 1757:The Rehearsal 1747: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1730: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1702: 1700: 1696: 1692: 1688: 1684: 1680: 1676: 1672: 1668: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1636: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1625:drum machines 1622: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1601:block parties 1597: 1595: 1591: 1587: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1571: 1570:hip hop music 1567: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1531: 1530: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1516:popular music 1513: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1489: 1488: 1478: 1473: 1470: 1468: 1465: 1463: 1460: 1459: 1457: 1452: 1443: 1440: 1438: 1435: 1433: 1430: 1428: 1425: 1423: 1422:New York City 1420: 1418: 1415: 1413: 1410: 1408: 1405: 1403: 1400: 1398: 1395: 1393: 1390: 1388: 1385: 1383: 1380: 1378: 1375: 1373: 1370: 1368: 1365: 1363: 1360: 1359: 1357: 1355: 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Music 21109:Synthesizer 21014:Lo-fi music 20959:House dance 20942:Rare groove 20866:Turntablism 20851:Disc jockey 20799:Drift phonk 20680:Moombahsoul 20675:Moombahcore 20635:Future soul 20618:Future bass 20613:Funktronica 20598:Bro-country 20537:Witch house 20505:Tecno brega 20399:Jersey club 20343:Dutch house 20197:Progressive 20135:Power noise 20081:Livetronica 19931:Folktronica 19907:Liquid funk 19897:Intelligent 19892:Atmospheric 19783:Changa tuki 19778:Broken beat 19721:Ambient dub 19688:Acid techno 19678:Synth-metal 19539:Tecnocumbia 19451:Ambient pop 19406:Italo disco 19325:Electropunk 19303:Space disco 19275:Space music 19268:Sampledelia 19077:Electronica 18993:New Orleans 18973:Los Angeles 18729:Drill music 18370:Video vixen 18365:Synthesizer 18338:Turntablism 18323:Disc jockey 18256:New Zealand 18036:Palestinian 17931:Montenegrin 17722:Bangladeshi 17717:Azerbaijani 17456:Derivatives 17441:Zenji flava 17416:Songo-salsa 17346:Bongo flava 17226:Country rap 17114:Memphis rap 17097:Mafioso rap 17092:Gangsta rap 17067:Underground 17062:Turntablism 16986:Chicano rap 16888:Hipster hop 16883:Alternative 16467:. Picador, 16366:Greenwood. 15920:(in French) 15814:November 1, 15769:(in French) 15699:December 2, 15409:January 12, 15357:December 6, 14973:January 16, 14968:Complex.com 14948:January 16, 14922:January 16, 14917:Complex.com 14897:January 16, 14525:January 16, 14497:January 16, 14469:January 16, 14272:November 2, 14245:October 23, 14214:October 23, 14020:October 29, 13883:January 12, 13853:January 12, 13675:January 12, 13645:January 12, 13619:January 12, 13593:January 12, 13567:January 12, 13540:January 12, 13476:January 12, 13449:January 12, 13392:January 12, 13307:January 12, 13276:January 12, 13166:January 12, 12946:January 13, 12839:January 12, 12540:November 1, 12509:November 1, 12447:January 12, 12422:January 12, 12391:January 12, 12369:January 12, 12242:December 1, 12111:November 8, 11917:. AllMusic. 11639:January 26, 11608:January 18, 11506:The Boombox 11054:January 12, 11018:January 12, 10896:Kodwo Eshun 10854:January 16, 10746:January 16, 10707:January 16, 10676:January 16, 10637:January 16, 10526:January 12, 10470:, BBC News. 10445:January 12, 10318:January 12, 9647:Frum, David 9514:October 12, 9485:December 1, 9401:Browne, P. 9194:January 12, 9158:Mass Appeal 9099:pp. 501–502 8998:November 8, 8962:November 8, 8906:February 1, 8778:December 1, 8722:January 12, 8407:February 5, 8292:Chang, Jeff 8141:December 5, 8101:(1): 9–37. 7848:Video vixen 7670:Bad Balance 7666:Malchishnik 7634:Tamer Nafar 7630:Palestinian 7619:YoungstaCPT 7607:Shane Eagle 7599:Fifi Cooper 7544:YoungstaCPT 7512:Philippines 7416:gangsta rap 7392:, a mix of 7346:The annual 7321:PM Cool Lee 7317:Articolo 31 7181:the Streets 7111:gangsta rap 6909:Masked Wolf 6780:Post Malone 6713:Apple Music 6675:Roddy Ricch 6577:Iggy Azalea 6561:Nicki Minaj 6501:Kodak Black 6314:Teddy Riley 6283:Lupe Fiasco 6054:Paper Trail 6042:Right Round 5951:Laffy Taffy 5806:Crunk music 5704:, eclectic 5678:Netherlands 5583:indie music 5515:Limp Bizkit 5499:Erykah Badu 5495:Lauryn Hill 5327:New Orleans 5261:Bling Bling 5209:Grant Green 5201:Herbie Mann 5157:Sudden Rush 5149:heavy metal 4899:Suge Knight 4887:The Chronic 4878:The Chronic 4824:Cannibal Ox 4786:(with whom 4727:Word...Life 4585:(1995) and 4529:Black Sheep 4525:Main Source 4509:Prince Paul 4394:concept of 4371:New Orleans 4320:The Chronic 4302:Vanilla Ice 4237:Rap is the 4221:The Message 4132:Flavor Flav 3944:Gangsta rap 3901:The Boombox 3653:Senen Reyes 3637:Puerto Rico 3600:Black Noise 3585:Planet Rock 3581:Man Parrish 3565:Greg Wilson 3557:Planet Rock 3525:Kurtis Blow 3458:The Message 3398:Marley Marl 3387:Marley Marl 3372:Planet Rock 3263:Planet Rock 3217:house music 3127:electronica 3123:Planet Rock 3087:Kurtis Blow 3059:gangsta rap 3030:Angie Stone 3014:Funk You Up 3012:. Indeed, " 3002:New Orleans 2990:San Antonio 2986:Kansas City 2879:Spoonie Gee 2875:Kurtis Blow 2859:Beat Street 2715:Fire Corner 2703:Judge Dread 2634:Jockey Jack 2597:spoken-word 2581:James Brown 2538:Jockey Jack 2532:, Austin's 2481:jazz poetry 2454:Funk You Up 2414:Man Parrish 2351:beat mixing 2279:braggadocio 2188:Zulu Nation 2153:Kurtis Blow 2062:James Brown 1907:South Bronx 1822:Keef Cowboy 1664:gangsta rap 1582:turntablism 1287:New Zealand 1144:Montenegrin 1015:Palestinian 990:Azerbaijani 896:Bangladeshi 762:zenji flava 737:songo-salsa 657:bongo flava 549:country rap 515:underground 505:turntablism 475:progressive 440:Memphis rap 435:mafioso rap 390:hipster hop 375:gangsta rap 300:chicano rap 265:Alternative 169:synthesizer 94:spoken word 18:Hip Hop/Rap 21155:Categories 21082:Drum break 21029:Rave music 21019:Madchester 20982:Bass music 20964:Rave dance 20913:Free party 20878:Microgenre 20749:Hardvapour 20687:Mumble rap 20670:Moombahton 20660:Mahraganat 20588:Black MIDI 20498:Sovietwave 20473:Russ music 20404:Juke house 20377:Hauntology 20338:Complextro 20326:Reggaestep 20091:Microhouse 20086:Merenhouse 20005:Frenchcore 20000:Free tekno 19968:Ghettotech 19916:Dub techno 19813:Diva house 19808:Disco polo 19798:Denpa song 19741:Bhangragga 19653:Miami bass 19544:Turbo-folk 19514:Electropop 19485:Dubtronica 19401:Dance-rock 19396:Dance-punk 19391:Post-disco 19352:Industrial 19330:Euro disco 19280:Space rock 19170:Tape music 19060:Electronic 18968:Long Beach 18917:West Coast 18897:East Coast 18724:Trap music 18704:Snap music 18493:Spirituals 18458:(timeline) 18251:Australian 18230:Salvadoran 18166:West Coast 18112:Midwestern 18090:New Jersey 18080:East Coast 17926:Macedonian 17901:Portuguese 17794:Sri Lankan 17784:Philippine 17749:Indonesian 17692:Zimbabwean 17667:Senegalese 17505:Glitch hop 17498:Ghettotech 17467:Electronic 17356:Cumbia rap 17316:Trap metal 17251:Industrial 17166:Latin trap 17125:Trap music 17109:Horrorcore 17052:Snap music 17036:Religious 17003:Mumble rap 16998:Miami bass 16954:East Coast 16847:Golden age 16842:New school 16837:Old-school 16801:Production 16754:Battle rap 16737:Beatboxing 16658:WhoSampled 16396:SUNY Press 16394:. Albany: 16372:0313343233 16316:David Toop 16310:References 16297:January 3, 16209:Times Live 16105:Al Jazeera 15476:. Durham. 15447:1403960445 15383:January 3, 15332:January 3, 15326:rap-up.com 14855:Xxlmag.com 14012:. London. 13107:|url= 12333:The Source 12312:January 1, 12290:January 1, 12103:. London. 11929:"archived" 11889:"archived" 11702:January 2, 11548:January 2, 11366:Greg Kot, 11285:City Pages 11138:1811/81126 10961:August 24, 10909:August 24, 10815:January 4, 10561:Daveyd.com 10368:David Toop 9864:August 29, 9834:August 29, 9709:Chang 2007 9455:daveyd.com 9435:August 24, 9316:October 2, 8821:OED Online 8686:genius.com 8433:October 6, 7965:August 25, 7911:August 25, 7885:August 24, 7752:Tory Lanez 7710:Edo Maajka 7700:and later 7682:Yugoslavia 7642:Subliminal 7520:teen idols 7473:JJC Skillz 7454:Subliminal 7446:Brainpower 7436:Kery James 7394:indie rock 7337:Pantelimon 7305:Oosterhout 7287:, Ziak or 7217:Kery James 7197:Kool Savaş 7153:De La Soul 7073:Marcelo D2 6832:YBN Nahmir 6812:Smokepurpp 6776:SoundCloud 6743:Kanye West 6624:Rick Rubin 6620:mumble rap 6593:Gucci Mane 6581:City Girls 6537:Smokepurpp 6525:Juice Wrld 6493:Young Thug 6485:Chief Keef 6451:Katy Perry 6447:Dark Horse 6427:Kanye West 6414:kick drums 6378:Mumble rap 6374:Trap music 6338:Snoop Dogg 6165:following 6151:Graduation 6146:sales race 6138:Kanye West 6123:See also: 6076:Byron Hurt 6069:Gang Starr 6037:R.O.O.T.S. 5887:Snap music 5834:Miami bass 5796:Adult Swim 5754:Prefuse 73 5748:, glitchy 5746:breakbeats 5727:Aphex Twin 5661:Glitch hop 5649:Aesop Rock 5591:Kanye West 5503:Jill Scott 5339:Cash Money 5335:Miami bass 5290:No Way Out 5277:Puff Daddy 5265:Will Smith 5197:Art Blakey 5189:Don Cherry 5084:Goodie Mob 5044:Rick Rubin 4981:Jurassic 5 4951:Puff Daddy 4930:Doggystyle 4861:Snoop Dogg 4834:turned MC 4808:Aesop Rock 4748:Slick Rick 4686:Gang Starr 4682:DJ Premier 4505:De La Soul 4396:battle rap 4359:the Fugees 4334:Doggystyle 4329:Snoop Dogg 4248:Bill Adler 4178:Wild Thing 4176:'s single 4172:", rapper 4097:Cop Killer 4070:Cop Killer 4065:Body Count 3995:Schoolly D 3985:non-rhotic 3832:Lord Jamar 3806:Gang Starr 3798:De La Soul 3720:attitude. 3702:Run-D.M.C. 3614:Radio Nova 3589:Dirty Talk 3517:John Robie 3392:Over time 3279:Rammellzee 3184:" (1984). 3178:Chaka Khan 3168:" (1983), 3111:Good Times 3099:bass lines 3055:Schoolly D 2921:Good Times 2853:Wild Style 2847:Style Wars 2823:, such as 2797:Bruno Blum 2774:rhythm by 2728:King Stitt 2719:King Stitt 2679:King Stitt 2477:the dozens 2473:signifyin' 2406:a cappella 2367:signifying 2339:scratching 2297:Technology 2285:MCs" like 2283:old-school 2265:trash talk 2239:Good Times 2169:Rap Attack 2159:" and the 2157:The Breaks 2113:break-beat 2090:scratching 2054:percussive 2050:soul music 1935:Bo Diddley 1812:group the 1787:Jeff Chang 1775:Wide Awake 1726:mumble rap 1613:percussive 1590:beatboxing 1586:scratching 1558:turntables 1554:scratching 1546:subculture 1524:drum beats 1417:New Jersey 1282:Australian 1261:West Coast 1251:East Coast 1243:Salvadoran 1139:Macedonian 1114:Portuguese 961:Sri Lankan 951:Philippine 921:Indonesian 882:Zimbabwean 857:Senegalese 742:street pop 712:merenhouse 667:cumbia rap 629:trap metal 520:West Coast 450:mumble rap 445:Miami bass 430:Latin trap 395:horrorcore 360:East Coast 217:glitch hop 212:ghettotech 145:turntables 20883:Nightclub 20846:Club drug 20841:Beat drop 20744:Vaporwave 20719:Rara tech 20608:Dreampunk 20563:Afroswing 20547:Wonky pop 20493:Synthwave 20461:Lowercase 20419:Nightcore 20409:Jumpstyle 20387:Chillwave 20309:Crunkcore 20294:Cloud rap 20274:Afrobeats 20234:Breakstep 20224:UK garage 20212:Uplifting 20150:Reggaeton 20130:Post-rock 20076:Kidandali 20037:Speedcore 20015:Hardstyle 19995:Breakcore 19953:Futurepop 19865:Neurofunk 19825:Downtempo 19616:Hip house 19556:Eurodance 19495:Freestyle 19456:Breakbeat 19434:Acid jazz 19418:Synth-pop 19379:Dark wave 19374:Cold wave 19364:Japanoise 19320:Dancehall 19238:Krautrock 19233:Jazz-funk 18943:Baltimore 18933:Anchorage 18907:Northwest 18794:UK garage 18789:Vaporwave 18779:Synth-pop 18774:Dance-pop 18769:Chillwave 18761:Elsewhere 18313:Auto-Tune 18293:Colombian 18276:Brazilian 18215:Dominican 18171:Northwest 18132:Wisconsin 18085:Baltimore 17991:Ukrainian 17971:Slovenian 17936:Norwegian 17911:Icelandic 17906:Hungarian 17861:Bulgarian 17799:Taiwanese 17789:Singapore 17779:Pakistani 17769:Mongolian 17764:Malaysian 17677:Tanzanian 17635:Mauritian 17548:Reggaeton 17520:Freestyle 17476:Breakbeat 17341:Afroswing 17307:Rap metal 17286:Rap opera 17246:Hip house 17134:Afro trap 17087:Dirty rap 17040:Christian 17025:Conscious 17020:Political 16947:Crunkcore 16932:Cloud rap 16863:Subgenres 16791:Festivals 16156:NotjustOk 16008:April 19, 15980:April 19, 15892:470589497 15851:690359542 15809:851914668 15742:cite book 15734:945948404 15656:cite book 15648:945948404 15609:cite book 15601:945948404 15568:692291843 15500:cite book 15492:903675195 15404:USA Today 15377:Billboard 15236:The Fader 15216:April 16, 15119:April 16, 15091:April 16, 15069:April 16, 15062:Billboard 15041:April 16, 14999:April 16, 14798:April 16, 14736:Billboard 14575:Pitchfork 14386:April 16, 14359:April 16, 14177:Pitchfork 14153:August 8, 13696:Billboard 13640:Billboard 13614:Billboard 13587:Billboard 13530:The Times 13423:April 30, 13057:Pitchfork 13031:Pitchfork 12982:Billboard 12859:Billboard 12817:August 1, 12657:Billboard 12639:143489394 12611:Discourse 12569:April 13, 12442:Billboard 12343:April 15, 12237:amNewYork 12218:249626865 12210:1025-3866 12142:April 16, 11939:March 31, 11785:USA Today 11574:April 23, 11450:USA Today 11227:USA Today 10844:1091-2339 10736:0261-3077 10666:1091-2339 10431:"hip hop" 10218:0006-2510 10209:Billboard 9782:March 10, 9565:cite news 9555:March 10, 9336:Billboard 8494:March 22, 8423:"Hip-hop" 8397:"Hip-hop" 8131:144572911 8115:0027-4380 8068:146340783 8060:0002-7642 7729:arabesque 7654:Halloween 7571:Riky Rick 7563:Cape Town 7514:, led by 7501:Blaqbonez 7489:Reminisce 7477:M.I Abaga 7460:message. 7398:Hadouken! 7372:UK Garage 7348:Blockfest 7333:Bucharest 7313:Jovanotti 7297:Amsterdam 7257:La Fouine 7213:Mc Solaar 7083:Reggaeton 7031:is where 7029:São Paulo 6946:Pete Rock 6913:Pop Smoke 6889:Lil Nas X 6840:ZillaKami 6808:Lil Skies 6764:More Life 6680:Billboard 6671:Pop Smoke 6632:the Roots 6557:Fetty Wap 6509:Yung Lean 6505:21 Savage 6473:Lil Nas X 6465:Lil Nas X 6416:from the 6401:Billboard 6346:Lil Wayne 6312:producer 6302:Auto-Tune 6194:In 2009, 6107:Billboard 6095:Rick Ross 6085:Billboard 6005:Billboard 5933:, a main 5929:, finger 5919:bass drum 5912:Tennessee 5875:reggaeton 5830:Tennessee 5820:Producer 5750:basslines 5723:Radiohead 5637:the Roots 5606:certified 5568:Billboard 5347:Lil Wayne 5325:label in 5303:Timbaland 5257:Lil Wayne 5223:Hot 100. 5221:Billboard 5141:rap metal 5104:St. Louis 5089:Soul Food 5082:in 1992, 5046:produced 5034:Geto Boys 5023:Geto Boys 4973:DJ Shadow 4969:Solesides 4949:, led by 4943:a rivalry 4875:released 4832:slam poet 4828:Arsonists 4804:Mike Ladd 4710:Diamond D 4698:CL Smooth 4694:Pete Rock 4577:Mobb Deep 4537:Masta Ace 4379:Tech N9ne 4367:St. Louis 4317:released 4307:Billboard 4287:certified 4283:rap music 4277:Billboard 4262:MC Hammer 4183:Billboard 4155:Billboard 4142:In 1990, 4113:The Times 3932:album era 3736:Billboard 3706:LL Cool J 3645:Kid Frost 3618:Dee Nasty 3543:" by the 3476:Tommy Boy 3438:Melle Mel 3360:bass drum 3131:Kraftwerk 2998:St. Louis 2992:, Miami, 2978:Baltimore 2895:in 1981. 2883:LL Cool J 2833:Melle Mel 2764:Dillinger 2760:Big Youth 2691:Big Youth 2526:Al Benson 2522:jukeboxes 2497:DJ Nat D. 2324:Mellotron 2320:Linn 9000 2291:LL Cool J 2275:freestyle 2248:Billboard 2192:Billboard 2144:Jazzy Jay 2128:the Bronx 2058:dub music 1843:disco rap 1779:Lindy Hop 1660:album era 1574:rap music 1508:disco rap 1427:Northwest 1377:Baltimore 1362:Anchorage 1306:Colombian 1301:Brazilian 1228:Dominican 1204:Ukrainian 1184:Slovenian 1149:Norwegian 1124:Icelandic 1119:Hungarian 1074:Bulgarian 966:Taiwanese 956:Singapore 946:Pakistani 936:Malaysian 911:Hong Kong 867:Tanzanian 832:Mauritian 652:Afroswing 624:rap metal 614:rap opera 569:hip house 470:political 350:dirty rap 340:crunkcore 330:conscious 320:cloud rap 315:Christian 256:Subgenres 242:reggaeton 192:breakbeat 123:The Bronx 21136:Waveform 20932:Sampling 20918:Teknival 20771:Hardwave 20754:Mallsoft 20734:EDM trap 20729:Shamstep 20640:Hyperpop 20573:Amapiano 20568:Algorave 20525:Funkstep 20520:UK funky 20466:Onkyokei 20444:New rave 20279:Bassline 20256:Hard NRG 20251:Hardbass 20187:Hands Up 20172:Balearic 20120:Nu metal 20101:Schaffel 20049:Illbient 19980:Hardcore 19963:Footwork 19941:Nu disco 19902:Jazzstep 19870:Techstep 19860:Hardstep 19855:Darkstep 19840:Trip hop 19835:Psybient 19761:Darkcore 19746:Big beat 19658:New beat 19551:Eurobeat 19369:New wave 19315:Chiptune 19145:Biomusic 18998:New York 18912:Southern 18812:Category 18684:Neo soul 18405:Category 18328:DJ mixer 18281:Brasília 18242:Oceanian 18205:Canadian 18144:Southern 18046:Tunisian 18031:Lebanese 18016:Egyptian 17946:Romanian 17866:Croatian 17854:Scottish 17829:Austrian 17824:Albanian 17815:European 17774:Nepalese 17754:Japanese 17712:Armenian 17682:Togolese 17662:Nigerien 17650:Nigerian 17645:Namibian 17640:Moroccan 17630:Malawian 17615:Ghanaian 17605:Botswana 17600:Beninese 17590:Algerian 17515:Illbient 17421:Scam rap 17396:Motswako 17381:Igbo rap 17332:Regional 17321:Nu metal 17296:Trip hop 17291:Rap rock 17276:Punk rap 17256:Jazz rap 17159:UK drill 17078:Hardcore 17057:Southern 17013:Chap hop 17008:Nerdcore 16910:Road rap 16895:Boom bap 16774:Feminism 16769:Activism 16730:Emceeing 16723:Graffiti 16709:Breaking 16593:Archived 16509:(1998). 16497:March 7, 16491:Archived 16341:. 2002. 16291:Archived 16234:Red Bull 16079:BBC News 15835:. Irma. 15693:Archived 15456:51031024 15307:HipHopDX 15241:April 9, 15195:April 9, 15173:April 9, 15145:April 9, 14818:Vibe.com 14771:April 9, 14743:April 9, 14715:April 9, 14693:June 11, 14665:June 10, 14637:June 11, 14609:June 11, 14581:June 11, 14553:June 11, 14437:Archived 14325:Archived 14239:Archived 14208:Archived 14117:Archived 14085:Archived 14066:July 18, 14060:Archived 14014:Archived 13758:Archived 13669:Archived 13534:Archived 13503:Archived 13417:Archived 13230:Archived 13098:cite web 12965:AllMusic 12940:Archived 12936:AllMusic 12891:Archived 12811:Archived 12631:41389595 12558:(2000). 12503:Archived 12337:Archived 12163:Archived 12105:Archived 12074:Archived 11867:Archived 11754:Archived 11696:Archived 11668:July 21, 11662:Archived 11542:Archived 11466:Archived 11442:Archived 11420:Archived 11391:Archived 11354:Archived 11337:Archived 11320:Archived 11294:Archived 11277:Archived 11253:Archived 11236:Archived 11219:Archived 11185:Archived 11168:Archived 11143:Archived 10988:Archived 10904:The Wire 10848:Archived 10809:Archived 10779:archived 10740:Archived 10701:Archived 10670:Archived 10564:Archived 10545:Archived 10464:Archived 10439:Archived 10261:Archived 10222:Archived 10140:June 13, 10134:Archived 10095:Archived 10031:Archived 9993:June 11, 9942:Archived 9915:April 2, 9909:Archived 9776:Archived 9748:June 20, 9684:Archived 9649:(2000). 9549:Archived 9460:June 20, 9389:41699313 9360:June 20, 9168:April 2, 9118:, 2005. 8992:Archived 8956:Archived 8926:Rapzilla 8877:Graffiti 8795:(cached) 8746:Archived 8511:, 2007, 8380:Archived 8356:Archived 8348:AllMusic 8332:Archived 8294:(2005). 8276:July 30, 8266:Magazine 8191:Archived 8135:Archived 8123:30163606 7758:See also 7725:Afrobeat 7721:Tanzania 7674:Ligalize 7623:Big Zulu 7587:Da L.E.S 7579:Stogie T 7441:Hardcore 7289:Soolking 7157:Gorillaz 7143:merengue 7139:merenrap 7096:Don Omar 7063:, has a 7061:Brasilia 7045:Curitiba 7041:Salvador 6933:(2018). 6921:Lil Durk 6897:Lil Baby 6885:Doja Cat 6844:Ugly God 6804:Lil Peep 6800:Lil Pump 6769:playlist 6697:Doja Cat 6589:2 Chainz 6573:Doja Cat 6569:Saweetie 6553:Lil Baby 6533:Lil Pump 6412:, heavy 6391:Cupcakke 6350:Lollipop 6326:talk box 6267:mixtapes 6251:Kid Cudi 6242:Time 100 6238:magazine 6207:Time 100 6199:magazine 6103:Fabolous 6032:Flo Rida 5991:Flo Rida 5963:Yung Joc 5931:snapping 5766:Hyperdub 5686:trip hop 5613:platinum 5507:nu metal 5491:neo soul 5459:R. Kelly 5449:3rd Bass 5437:the Game 5431:and his 5407:, had a 5401:Fabolous 5387:and his 5355:Juvenile 5323:No Limit 5321:and his 5319:Master P 5185:jazz rap 5161:language 5133:rap rock 5064:Scarface 5019:Scarface 4927:, whose 4772:D.I.T.C. 4762:and his 4718:Illmatic 4702:Buckwild 4622:Illmatic 4579:albums, 4521:3rd Bass 4174:Tone Lōc 3990:gangster 3977:subgenre 3838:in 2008. 3812:and the 3774:sampling 3759:and his 3738:charts. 3661:DJ Muggs 3631:and the 3596:B-boying 3545:new wave 3505:Newcleus 3489:Cybotron 3410:samplers 3394:sampling 3366:and the 3080:recorded 2937:mixtapes 2841:B-boying 2809:toasting 2626:AM radio 2438:Sha-Rock 2430:Newcleus 2398:producer 2394:sampling 2254:new wave 2183:b-boying 2030:Jamaican 1848:rhythmic 1710:nu metal 1706:neo soul 1683:jazz rap 1667:subgenre 1617:DJ mixer 1354:Scottish 1334:Brasília 1256:Southern 1218:Canadian 1159:Romanian 1079:Croatian 1054:Austrian 1049:Albanian 1042:European 1025:Tunisian 1010:Lebanese 995:Egyptian 941:Nepalese 926:Japanese 872:Togolese 852:Nigerien 847:Nigerian 842:Namibian 837:Moroccan 817:Ghanaian 807:Botswana 802:Beninese 792:Algerian 717:motswako 697:igbo rap 639:trip hop 619:rap rock 599:punk rap 579:jazz rap 510:UK drill 490:Southern 480:road rap 455:nerdcore 385:hardcore 365:frat rap 295:chap hop 275:boom bap 237:nu metal 227:illbient 172:keyboard 150:DJ mixer 21161:Hip hop 21104:Sampler 20834:Culture 20724:Seapunk 20707:Brostep 20515:UK bass 20478:Sambass 20451:Rabòday 20370:Grindie 20321:Dubstep 20108:Nu jazz 19818:Hardbag 19586:Chicago 19576:Ambient 19490:Electro 19340:Hip hop 19213:Ambient 19003:Oakland 18978:Memphis 18963:Houston 18958:Detroit 18948:Chicago 18938:Atlanta 18890:Regions 18881:in the 18879:Hip hop 18649:Electro 18629:Hip-hop 18549:Doo-wop 18518:Rapping 18513:Ragtime 18360:Sampler 18288:Chilean 18225:Mexican 18220:Haitian 18154:Memphis 18149:Atlanta 18122:Detroit 18117:Chicago 18051:Turkish 18026:Israeli 18021:Iranian 17981:Swedish 17976:Spanish 17961:Serbian 17956:Russian 17921:Italian 17881:Finnish 17844:British 17834:Belgian 17732:Chinese 17727:Burmese 17687:Zambian 17620:Ivorian 17610:Gambian 17595:Angolan 17581:African 17426:Stronda 17391:Low bap 17376:Hiplife 17266:Pop rap 17236:Emo rap 17231:Electro 17217:General 17191:UK trap 16969:Jerkin' 16927:Chopper 16905:British 16874:General 16820:History 16806:Theater 16764:Fashion 16747:Culture 16696:Hip hop 16335:Chuck D 16266:May 24, 16240:May 24, 14943:Wsj.com 14443:May 30, 14331:May 30, 14235:Complex 14203:Complex 13931:June 9, 13909:June 9, 13701:May 31, 13369:May 18, 13256:Djbooth 13109:value ( 13005:Izotope 12897:May 10, 12161:. 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