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were written initially for
Chapone's 15-year-old niece in 1773, but by 1800 had been through at least 16 editions. A further 12 editions had appeared by 1829, at least one of them a French translation. They focused on encouraging rational understanding through the reading of the Bible, history and
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Conduct books picked up the styles and rhetoric of earlier genres such as devotional writings, marriage manuals, recipe books and works on household economy. They offered a description most often of the ideal woman, while handing out practical advice. Not only did they dictate morality, but they
208:, and his wife (died 1747/1748), a daughter of Colonel Thomas, wrote a romance at the age of nine entitled "The Loves of Amoret and Melissa", which earned her mother's disapproval. She was educated more thoroughly than most girls in that period, learning French, Italian and
409:"The Posthumous Works of Mrs. Chapone: Containing Her Correspondence with Mr. Richardson; a Series of Letters to Mrs. Elizabeth Carter, and Some Fugitive Pieces, Never Before Published. Together with an Account of Her Life and Character, Drawn Up by Her Own Family"
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should be "the chief instructor of our rational faculties". and on its emphasis that women should be seen as rational beings and not left to wallow in "sensualism". Wollstonecraft drew on both
Chapone and Macaulay's works when she wrote
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of
Hammersmith, the friend of Doctor Johnson, the correspondent of Mrs. Chapone herself"; later in the same chapter Miss Pinkerton notes that her establishment, The Mall, enjoyed "the patronage of the admirable Mrs Chapone".
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313:(1987): "So popular did these books become that by the second half of the eighteenth century virtually everyone knew the ideal of womanhood they proposed." Chapone's is a typical example.
336:. Their surviving correspondence includes a letter of condolence of 4 April 1799 from Burney to Chapone, on the death in childbirth of Jane Jeffreyes, née Mulso, the niece to whom the
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guided readers' choice of dress and outlined what was seen in the period as proper etiquette. Chapone's work in particular influenced
Wollstonecraft in her composition of
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sums up the self-image of Miss
Pinkerton, proprietor of an "academy for young ladies", by describing her as "that majestic lady; the
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The tide of advice or conduct books in
Britain reached its height between 1760 and 1820; one scholar calls the period "the age of
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Yes Papa!: Mrs
Chapone and the bluestocking circle; a biography of Hester Mulso – Mrs Chapone (1727–1801), a bluestocking
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in 1750. She was married in 1760 to the solicitor John
Chapone (c. 1728–1761), the son of an earlier moral writer,
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411:(1807). There, Chapone is quoted: "Though men's ways are unequal, the ways of God are equal, and with him
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229:(1699–1764), but she was soon widowed. Hester Chapone became associated with the learned ladies or
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singled the book out as one of few examples of the self-improvement genre that deserved praise.
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Kathryn
Sutherland, "Writings on Education and Conduct: Arguments for Female Improvement".
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in 1792. Another admirer, and also a personal friend, was the novelist and diarist
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literature. The niece was also urged to study book-keeping, household management,
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673: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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refers to
Chapone as an epistolatory model, bracketing her in
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Desire and Domestic Fiction: A Political History of the Novel
247:. She died at Monken Hadley, Middlesex, on 25 December 1801.
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The Journals and Letters of Fanny Burney (Madame D'Arblay)
524:, et al. (London: Oxford University Press, 1973), p. 271.
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Her earliest published works were four brief pieces for
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through one of the characters, and had an influence on
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Title page from the first edition of Hester Chapone's
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A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature
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edited a compilation of Chapone's writings entitled
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Hester, the daughter of Thomas Mulso (1695–1763), a
192:for women. She became associated with the London
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294:. Only sentimental novels were to be avoided.
688:. London: J. M. Dent & Sons – via
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587:Brilliant Women: 18th-Century Bluestockings
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645:Eighteenth-Century Poetry Archive (ECPA)
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338:Letters on the Improvement of the Mind
262:Letters on the Improvement of the Mind
239:Letters on the Improvement of the Mind
731:Members of the Blue Stockings Society
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329:A Vindication of the Rights of Woman
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726:People from North Northamptonshire
716:18th-century English women writers
16:English conduct writer (1727–1801)
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659:Works by or about Hester Chapone
629:Dictionary of National Biography
430:ODNB entries for Hester Chapone
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520:. Volume 4, 1797–1801, ed.
454:Quoted in Armstrong, p. 61.
311:Desire and Domestic Fiction
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348:The 19th-century novelist
273:was writing her first work
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415:shall find justice."
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176:(27 October 1727, in
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233:who gathered around
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382:Mary Wollstonecraft
296:Mary Wollstonecraft
271:Mary Wollstonecraft
136:Hester Thomas
499:Sutherland, p. 41.
490:Sutherland, p. 29,
481:Sutherland, p. 26.
433:and Sarah Chapone
344:Cultural influence
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186:Hadwell, Middlesex
126:Thomas Mulso
108:John Chapone
654:Project Gutenberg
620:978-1-903427-70-5
463:Armstrong, p. 61.
374:Samuel Richardson
350:Elizabeth Gaskell
235:Elizabeth Montagu
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82:(aged 73–74)
711:1801 deaths
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389:Vanity Fair
378:Jane Austen
364:Anne Brontë
222:The Rambler
219:'s journal
700:Categories
690:Wikisource
583:Lucy Peltz
413:even women
369:Agnes Grey
279:Letters...
237:and wrote
87:Occupation
74:1801
45:1727
625:Biography
397:Semiramis
393:Thackeray
366:'s novel
292:astronomy
120:Parent(s)
105:Spouse(s)
682:(1910).
547:Archived
355:Cranford
319:Thoughts
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661:at the
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288:geology
178:Twywell
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284:botany
151:Family
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419:Notes
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380:and
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200:Life
71:Died
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