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or
Commander of the Faithful. The empire with Arabic as its official language grew rapidly under his rule and that of his descendants, who sent out armies in every direction. The vast landlocked empire connected the East with the West Sudan region. As an Islamic state, authority is derived from piety
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migrated to the region and intermarried with the local urban mainly Hausa elite, and were a major factor in the linguistic, cultural and ethnic mixing of the Hausa–Fulani people. As result of this assimilation, Hausa–Fulani form the core and vast majority of the populations of
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Sahelian region, north of the Sudan, with cattle and avoided trade and intermingling with the
Sudanic peoples. Fulanisation was at least partly strengthened in the rural areas in the early 16th century with the emigration of the settled
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over the conquered territories and promote
Islamic civilization, consolidating in order to establish administrative structures and a ruling elite. This settlement eventually gave rise to the gradual
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The Sudan was gradually fulanised with the spread of Islam from the 7th century AD, when the liturgical language Arabic was first brought to the Sudan via Bornu. Until this point, the Fulani, a
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219:. The term Hausa-Fulani is also used mostly as a joint term to refer to both the monoethnic Hausa and Fulani ethnic populations in Northern Nigeria.
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Bosch, Elena et al. "Genetic structure of north-west Africa revealed by STR analysis." European
Journal of Human Genetics (2000) 8, 360–366. Pg. 365
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around the 14th century and their cultural assimilation into the Hausa society. At the beginning of the 19th century, Sheikh
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regional varieties. Hausa is spoken by over 100 to 150 million people across Africa, making it the most spoken
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between the immigrant Fulani and the conquered Hausa states and locals mainly other Hausa people; in addition,
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Introducing the
Algerian Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome Profiles into the North African Landscape
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formed trading ties with the Bornu Empire, which became increasingly wealthy as the main
African
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which served as the basis of the language scholarly tradition. The script was replaced with the
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as the region's major centre for
Islamic civilization. It is likely that the medieval
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until the 19th century to refer to the inner poorly explored area north of the
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Bekada A, Fregel R, Cabrera VM, Larruga JM, Pestano J, et al. (2013)
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of the Fulani culture by the Hausa people in major Hausa cities (or
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Since the populations were partially affiliated with the Arab
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and scholarship, thus the Sultan sent out emirs to establish
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722:"Mercator's Chart. - David Rumsey Historical Map Collection"
230:. This suggests that the processes of "Hausaization" in the
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to the Bornu Empire in order to avert war with the Empire.
701:"Full List: Hausa Is World's 11th Most Spoken Language ⋆"
681:. PLoS ONE 8(2): e56775. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056775
486:. Hausa rulers also likely provided Sudanic peoples as a
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was probably both cultural and genetic. The Hausa–Fulani
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founding a centralized Fulani Empire (anglicized as the
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419:). This designation may have given rise to the term
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
873:This article about an ethnic group in Africa is a
350:to Northern Nigeria, and has many loanwords from
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521:(1754–1817), whom a council proclaimed as the
399:Medieval Arabic sources refers to the area as
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310:Hausa–Fulanis primarily speak variants of
513:emerged strong after the jihad under the
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262:). After the jihad, Dan Fodio encouraged
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
199:origin. They are primarily found in the
238:as a direct result of the migration of
939:Muslim ethnoreligious groups in Africa
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328:11th most spoken language in the world
497:ethnic group primarily traversed the
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130:Regions with significant populations
47:adding citations to reliable sources
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226:origins, Hausas are indigenous to
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506:wealthy trading clan from Bornu.
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354:. For centuries, it utilized an
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34:needs additional citations for
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934:Muslim communities in Africa
877:. You can help Knowledge by
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278:Fulani clans originating in
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324:Indigenous African language
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16:West African ethnic group
924:Ethnic groups in Nigeria
236:identity came into being
222:While some Fulani claim
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820:-related article is a
612:History of West Africa
391:History of West Africa
381:Historical perspective
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532:cultural assimilation
385:Further information:
334:, Hausa is used as a
320:mutually intelligible
170:Related ethnic groups
431:: consisting of the
232:western Sudan region
191:are people of mixed
43:improve this article
959:Afroasiatic peoples
726:www.davidrumsey.com
659:rpl.hds.harvard.edu
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332:Trans-Saharan trade
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99:December 2021
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32:This article
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964:Hausa people
879:expanding it
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761:ethnic group
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729:. Retrieved
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703:. 2018-02-04
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602:Hausa people
536:Hausa Bakwai
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468:Muslim world
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456:North Africa
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417:بلاد السودان
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366:, after the
356:Ajami script
342:deep in the
330:. Since the
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254:against the
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189:Hausa–Fulani
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125:Hausa-Fulani
121:Ethnic group
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41:Please help
36:verification
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974:Fula people
954:Niger stubs
597:Fula people
499:semi-desert
445:West Africa
441:Grain Coast
433:Slave Coast
228:West Africa
918:Categories
731:2020-05-26
707:2020-05-26
664:2024-09-16
640:2022-09-28
618:References
592:Fulani War
528:suzerainty
515:leadership
437:Gold Coast
407:(English:
280:Futa Tooro
69:newspapers
504:Dambazawa
488:tributary
425:Europeans
421:Negroland
371:conquered
276:Sullubawa
272:Dambazawa
244:Hausaland
142:Languages
758:Nigerian
570:See also
464:Al-Sudan
326:and the
158:Religion
552:Katsina
544:Hadeija
495:nomadic
368:British
362:of the
297:Katsina
289:Zamfara
224:Semitic
205:Nigeria
136:Nigeria
83:scholar
562:, and
556:Zazzau
538:) of:
413:Arabic
403:or as
393:, and
352:Arabic
340:Agadez
305:Sokoto
303:, and
301:Zazzau
268:Jobawa
197:Fulani
181:Fulani
175:Other
85:
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969:Hausa
818:Niger
816:This
763:is a
564:Gobir
540:Daura
460:trade
401:Sudan
348:Niger
312:Hausa
285:Daura
252:jihad
209:Hausa
193:Hausa
177:Hausa
164:Islam
148:Hausa
90:JSTOR
76:books
979:Fula
875:stub
822:stub
765:stub
560:Rano
548:Kano
509:The
373:the
293:Kano
274:and
213:Fula
195:and
179:and
152:Fula
62:news
517:of
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