251:. His parents, Fred and Madge Birtwistle, ran a bakery, and his interest in music was encouraged by his mother. She bought him a clarinet when he was seven and arranged for him to have lessons with the local bandmaster. Much of his youth was spent roaming the countryside near his home, and his frustration with the disruption of the nature by modern technology would affect his later work profoundly. Other youthful activities included the construction of amateur theatrical sets, and the subsequent imagining of dramas taking place inside them. Birtwistle became proficient enough to play in the local
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617:(1984). For various portions of the piece, a number of the instrumentalists perform in a soloist capacity. For this, they leave their seat in the ensemble and stand separately, to one side of the ensemble, returning to the group when they are no longer given that role.
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Though well-established in the classical music world, Birtwistle was relatively unknown to the general public until the mid-1990s, when two events increased his profile with the wider audience. In 1994 two anti-modernist musicians,
954:
Regarding his name, Birtwistle stated that "in some reference books my name is down as
Harrison Paul, which it isn't, and never has been. I don't have a second name." Many people close to Birtwistle knew him as "Harry" or
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608:
Even when not creating a visual piece involving stage action, Birtwistle's musical output remained frequently theatrical in conception. The music does not follow the logic and rules of classical forms such as
613:, but is structured more like a drama. Furthermore, different musical instruments can almost be seen to take the part of different characters in the drama. This is especially apparent in a performance of
220:
in 2019 as the third-best piece of the 21st century. Even his compositions that were not written for the stage often showed a theatrical approach. A performance of his saxophone concerto
552:
to refer to
Birtwistle, Goehr, and Davies. Birtwistle's music is complex, written in a modernistic manner with a clear, distinctive voice, with sounds described as of "sonic brashness".
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Birtwistle's music is not categorised as belonging to any particular school or movement. For a time, he was described as belonging to the
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Clements, Andrew; Maddocks, Fiona; Lewis, John; Molleson, Kate; Service, Tom; Jeal, Erica; Ashley, Tim (12 September 2019).
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and often had a ritualistic feel. These were toned down in
Birtwistle's later decades as his compositional style developed.
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563:, whom he acknowledged as influences, and his technique of juxtaposing blocks of sound is sometimes compared to that of
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2143:"Harrison Birtwistle | Biography, Music, Punch and Judy, Gawain, The Mask of Orpheus, The Minotaur, & Facts"
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418:, calling themselves "The Hecklers", organised a demonstration at the first night of a revival of his opera
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1565:"Giant heads sculpted from fruit and vegetables draw attention to rural communities at biodiversity summit"
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593:) in his youth was also inspirational, with that of the latter composer in particular influencing his
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Birtwistle had a low media profile, but occasionally gave interviews. In 2019, he was interviewed for
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in
Manchester on a clarinet scholarship. While there he came in contact with contemporaries including
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2009:
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1338:"First Night: Hecklers lose their first night joust: Gawain / The Hecklers Royal Opera House"
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265:. From around this time Birtwistle first composed, later describing his early pieces as "sub-
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352:, led to greater exposure for Birtwistle in the classical music world. The orchestral work
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1181:"Harrison Birtwistle: an utterly distinctive composer who wrote music of delicate beauty"
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caused "national notoriety". He received many international awards and honorary degrees.
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he criticised pop musicians at the event for performing too loudly and using too many
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1995:
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516:. He married Sheila Duff, a singer, in 1958. The couple had three sons, two of whom,
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373:, his only film score. In 1975, he became musical director of the newly established
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1471:"Simon Rattle Opens the LSO Season with an Imaginatively Varied English Programme"
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2079:"'Secret Theatres' - The Harrison Birtwistle Retrospective, 12 April-4 May 1996"
1497:"Harrison Birtwistle: 'I don't think, with hindsight, I was a natural musician'"
490:, the soloist in the world premiere of his violin concerto in 2011, and pianist
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2216:
Clements, Andrew (March 1984). "Harrison
Birtwistle: A Progress Report at 50".
1965:
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1858:"Rt Revd Lord Eames & Archbishop Tutu Honoured by University of London"
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best known for his operas, often based on mythological subjects. Among his
1232:"Harrison Birtwistle, an influential English composer, has died at age 87"
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428:, London. The following year, Birtwistle's saxophone concertante work
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1296:"Full Cast and Crew list of the movie 'The Offence' provided by IMDb"
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productions and the local choral society's performances of Handel's
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is said to have left during intermission. This work, together with
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1450:"Winning composer booed off Ivors stage for criticising bands"
1271:"Harrison Birtwistle, Fiercely Modernist Composer, Dies at 87"
998:"Harrison Birtwistle, Fiercely Modernist Composer, Dies at 87"
3701:
2410:
1399:"Harrison Birtwistle: the welcome return of a Proms maverick"
1024:
52:
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2193:
Beard, David; Gloag, Kenneth; Jones, Nicholas, eds. (2015).
1299:
462:
Among the musicians who performed his works are conductors
182:(15 July 1934 – 18 April 2022) was an English composer of
1795:"Honorary Members – American Academy of Arts and Letters"
1474:
1235:
214:(2008). The last of these was ranked by music critics at
527:
Birtwistle had a stroke in 2021 and died at his home in
2293:
Henderson, Robert (March 1964). "Harrison
Birtwistle".
1970:
Harrison
Birtwistle: Wild Tracks - A Conversation Diary
1636:
316:
from 1962 until 1965, before continuing his studies at
2387:, on his former publisher's website, Universal Edition
1781:"Sir Harrison Birtwistle | Royal Academy of Arts"
757:(2011), large ensemble (after the antiphonal music of
3619:
247:, a mill town in Lancashire around 20 miles north of
1027:"The best classical music works of the 21st century"
377:
in London, a post he held until 1983. He received a
2407:"Harrison Birtwistle (biography, works, resources)"
1756:"In tribute – Sir Harrison Birtwistle: 1934 – 2022"
1162:
1160:
1158:
745:(1995), alto saxophone, jazz drum kit and orchestra
3857:Honorary members of the Royal Philharmonic Society
2013:
1963:
1624:
1586:
1336:
1109:
255:and also played in the orchestra that accompanied
2852:
2381:, on his publisher's website, Boosey & Hawkes
1731:"Fellows, Honorary Members and Associate Artists"
751:(2002), large ensemble with two conductors (2002)
444:, it met with incomprehension from many viewers.
3877:Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour
3753:
1314:"1987 – Harrison Birtwistle – Grawemeyer Awards"
1155:
1091:
3807:Alumni of the Royal Manchester College of Music
2779:
2192:
844:Member of the Order of the Companions of Honour
383:Member of the Order of the Companions of Honour
2171:Harrison Birtwistle's Operas and Music Theatre
1306:
601:(1957). His early pieces made frequent use of
494:, the soloist in the first performance of his
3459:
3192:
2838:
2765:
2741:
2461:
1540:"Adam Birtwistle – National Portrait Gallery"
1876:"Honorary degree 2010 nominations announced"
1172:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1118:
798:Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
1072:"Composer Harrison Birtwistle dies aged 87"
627:List of compositions by Harrison Birtwistle
393:. Birtwistle was the 1987 recipient of the
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3199:
3185:
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2772:
2758:
2468:
2454:
2349:(Spring 1967). "Birtwistle's 'Chorales'".
2141:
1682:
312:Birtwistle served as director of music at
45:
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2323:
2292:
1950:
1642:
1464:
1462:
1229:
1115:
555:His early work is sometimes evocative of
548:, a phrase invented as a parallel to the
2249:Harrison Birtwistle: The Mask of Orpheus
2215:
1494:
1178:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1057:
434:was premiered in the second half of the
363:In 1972, he wrote the music to the film
2475:
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2118:
2034:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.03136
1225:
1223:
858:Royal Philharmonic Society Music Awards
150: 1958; died 2012)
3872:Members of the Academy of Arts, Berlin
3754:
3209:Grawemeyer Award for Music Composition
2424:Classical 97, Chicago, 8 December 1996
1829:Sussex.ac.uk. Retrieved 19 April 2022.
1699:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1654:
1648:
1468:
1459:
1456:, 26 May 2006. Retrieved 2 March 2011.
1393:
1334:
1230:Tsioulcas, Anastasia (18 April 2022).
1221:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1130:
1069:
791:Grawemeyer Award for Music Composition
398:Grawemeyer Award for Music Composition
3842:Ernst von Siemens Music Prize winners
3447:
3180:
2826:
2753:
2740:
2449:
2246:
2167:
2008:
1987:Harrison Birtwistle: Man, Mind, Music
1980:
1914:. University of Oxford. 25 June 2014.
1618:
1268:
1054:
994:
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988:
986:
984:
975:
783:
292:. Between 1955 and 1957 he completed
3708:
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2073:
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1630:
1166:
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865:American Academy of Arts and Letters
524:, are artists. Sheila died in 2012.
3772:20th-century British Army personnel
2272:Harrison Birtwistle in Recent Years
1840:"Professor Sir Harrison Birtwistle"
1760:The Royal Northern College of Music
1735:The Royal Northern College of Music
1688:
1517:
1200:
307:
13:
3802:Academics of King's College London
2536:(1990–91, revised 1994 & 1999)
2418:Interview with Harrison Birtwistle
2161:
1588:"Sir Harrison Birtwistle obituary"
1179:Clements, Andrew (18 April 2022).
1136:"Sir Harrison Birtwistle obituary"
981:
817:1988 Queen's Birthday Honours List
233:
14:
3898:
2395:National Portrait Gallery, London
2372:
860:Large-scale Composition in London
498:for piano and orchestra in 2014.
385:(2001). From 1994 to 2001 he was
274:Royal Manchester College of Music
190:, his better known works include
106:Royal Manchester College of Music
3847:Fellows of King's College London
3792:21st-century classical composers
3777:20th-century classical composers
3734:
3717:
3689:
3677:
3665:
3653:
3641:
3629:
2722:
2721:
2391:Portraits of Harrison Birtwistle
2385:Biography of Harrison Birtwistle
2379:Biography of Harrison Birtwistle
1953:The Music of Harrison Birtwistle
1943:
1657:"Birtwistle Secret Theatre, etc"
1070:Tilden, Imogen (18 April 2022).
243:Harrison Birtwistle was born in
1918:
1904:
1886:
1868:
1850:
1832:
1813:
1787:
1773:
1748:
1723:
1579:
1557:
1532:
1488:
1469:Clarke, Colin (18 April 2017).
1442:
1424:
1387:
1361:
1349:from the original on 9 May 2022
1335:Lister, David (14 April 1994).
1328:
1288:
1262:
1249:
962:
823:Royal Northern College of Music
501:
324:, where he completed the opera
147:
3797:21st-century English composers
3787:20th-century English musicians
3782:20th-century English composers
2400:Profile on Harrison Birtwistle
1495:Maddocks, Fiona (3 May 2014).
1269:Allen, David (18 April 2022).
1110:Birtwistle & Maddocks 2014
1018:
995:Allen, David (18 April 2022).
948:
863:2007 Foreign Honorary Member,
848:Monarchy of the United Kingdom
813:Monarchy of the United Kingdom
703:
1:
3817:Composers awarded knighthoods
2854:Ernst von Siemens Music Prize
2153:Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
1529:BBC. Retrieved 19 April 2022.
936:
838:Ernst von Siemens Music Prize
531:, on 18 April 2022, aged 87.
449:Ernst von Siemens Music Prize
238:
3832:English male opera composers
2051:UK public library membership
1655:Oliver, Michael (May 1996).
932:, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
731:(1976–77), chamber orchestra
447:In 1995, he was awarded the
389:Professor of Composition at
184:contemporary classical music
16:English composer (1934–2022)
7:
3827:English classical composers
3822:Deutsche Grammophon artists
2781:New Music Manchester School
2195:Harrison Birtwistle Studies
1709:Akademie der Künste, Berlin
852:2001 New Years Honours List
356:, inspired by a woodcut by
10:
3903:
3862:Ivor Novello Award winners
2509:Down by the Greenwood Side
2199:Cambridge University Press
2176:Cambridge University Press
2125:Austin Macauley Publishers
2015:"Birtwistle, Sir Harrison"
1957:Cambridge University Press
1951:Adlington, Robert (2000).
1912:"Honorary degrees awarded"
1844:City, University of London
1820:List of honorary graduates
895:City, University of London
793:, University of Louisville
767:(2012–13), tenor and piano
624:
334:. It was premiered at the
300:(Plymouth) Band, based in
3882:Musicians from Lancashire
3481:
3217:
2860:
2787:
2747:
2742:Links to related articles
2718:
2687:
2669:
2651:
2633:
2615:
2583:
2492:
2483:
2409:(in French and English).
2096:10.1017/S0040298200004952
1432:"Sir Harrison Birtwistle"
773:(2013–14), piano concerto
765:Songs from the Same Earth
157:
131:
121:
111:
101:
82:
60:
44:
23:
2901:Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau
2247:Cross, Jonathan (2009).
941:
737:(1984), chamber ensemble
634:
620:
539:
534:
395:University of Louisville
3837:English opera composers
2148:Encyclopædia Britannica
2119:Wilkins, Nigel (2018).
2026:Oxford University Press
1880:University of Cambridge
1825:19 January 2016 at the
909:University of Cambridge
436:Last Night of the Proms
272:In 1952 he entered the
228:Last Night of the Proms
175:Sir Harrison Birtwistle
3887:People from Accrington
2329:"Birtwistle, Harrison"
2270:Hall, Michael (1998).
1964:Birtwistle, Harrison;
1525:"Composer of the Week"
830:1994 Honorary Fellow,
693:, chamber opera (2009)
574:Le Marteau sans maître
567:. Hearing the work of
550:Second Viennese School
476:Christoph von Dohnányi
381:(1988) and was made a
375:Royal National Theatre
314:Cranborne Chase School
196:(1972) and the operas
3522:Einojuhani Rautavaara
3475:Wihuri Sibelius Prize
3123:Pierre-Laurent Aimard
2937:Karlheinz Stockhausen
2877:Mstislav Rostropovich
2700:Culture of Manchester
2341:on 20 September 2022.
2226:(1693): 136–137+139.
2168:Beard, David (2012).
871:Wihuri Sibelius Prize
832:Royal Academy of Arts
710:Refrains and Choruses
599:Refrains and Choruses
492:Pierre-Laurent Aimard
391:King's College London
360:, premiered in 1972.
3812:Brass band composers
3544:Krzysztof Penderecki
3258:Krzysztof Penderecki
3111:Christoph Eschenbach
3033:Nikolaus Harnoncourt
2973:H. C. Robbins Landon
2797:Peter Maxwell Davies
2660:A Garland for Dr. K.
2486:List of compositions
2327:(11 November 2021).
1894:"Honorary Graduates"
1436:evs-musikstiftung.ch
1369:"Panic at the Proms"
930:Edge Hill University
923:University of Oxford
902:University of London
884:University of Sussex
723:(1971–72), orchestra
509:Composer of the Week
344:Verses for Ensembles
318:Princeton University
288:, and the trumpeter
278:Peter Maxwell Davies
257:Gilbert and Sullivan
126:List of compositions
3704:Harrison Birtwistle
3584:Harrison Birtwistle
3498:Dmitri Shostakovich
3432:Aleksandra Vrebalov
3234:Harrison Birtwistle
2991:Harrison Birtwistle
2883:Herbert von Karajan
2792:Harrison Birtwistle
2606:The Triumph of Time
2541:The Second Mrs Kong
2517:The Mask of Orpheus
2477:Harrison Birtwistle
2437:Harrison Birtwistle
2428:Harrison Birtwistle
2063:Harrison Birtwistle
1846:. 23 November 2020.
1575:on 2 February 2017.
916:Bath Spa University
802:Ministry of Culture
720:The Triumph of Time
666:The Second Mrs Kong
650:The Mask of Orpheus
453:Ivor Novello Awards
403:The Mask of Orpheus
400:for his epic opera
354:The Triumph of Time
349:The Triumph of Time
322:Harkness Fellowship
253:military-style band
199:The Mask of Orpheus
193:The Triumph of Time
32:Harrison Birtwistle
3534:Witold Lutoslawski
3222:Witold Lutosławski
3069:Anne-Sophie Mutter
3027:Reinhold Brinkmann
2919:Witold Lutosławski
2402:at Rayfield Allied
2334:BBC Music Magazine
2253:Ashgate Publishing
2121:Musical Encounters
2021:Grove Music Online
1864:. 2 December 2008.
1801:on 3 December 2019
1275:The New York Times
1257:Musical Encounters
1004:The New York Times
784:Honours and awards
488:Christian Tetzlaff
336:Aldeburgh Festival
3617:
3616:
3611:
3610:
3441:
3440:
3378:Michel van der Aa
3372:Esa-Pekka Salonen
3342:Sebastian Currier
3174:
3173:
3063:Brian Ferneyhough
3003:Helmut Lachenmann
2961:Hans Werner Henze
2943:Leonard Bernstein
2820:
2819:
2734:
2733:
2303:(1453): 188–189.
2296:The Musical Times
2285:978-1-86105-179-0
2262:978-0-7546-5383-7
2219:The Musical Times
2208:978-1-107-09374-4
2185:978-0-521-89534-7
2134:978-1-78710-127-2
2049:(subscription or
2043:978-1-56159-263-0
2001:978-0-8014-8672-2
1992:Faber & Faber
1926:"Honorary Awards"
1862:Church of Ireland
1134:(18 April 2022).
978:, "Introduction".
821:1989 Fellowship,
779:(2016), orchestra
546:Manchester School
426:Royal Opera House
412:Frederick Stocken
330:to a libretto by
226:during the BBC's
188:many compositions
172:
171:
3894:
3867:Knights Bachelor
3852:Harkness Fellows
3747:
3739:
3738:
3737:
3730:
3722:
3721:
3720:
3710:
3694:
3693:
3692:
3682:
3681:
3670:
3669:
3668:
3658:
3657:
3646:
3645:
3644:
3634:
3633:
3632:
3625:
3528:Olivier Messiaen
3510:Benjamin Britten
3468:
3461:
3454:
3445:
3444:
3366:Louis Andriessen
3330:George Tsontakis
3312:Aaron Jay Kernis
3288:Simon Bainbridge
3201:
3194:
3187:
3178:
3177:
3147:Georges Aperghis
3141:Tabea Zimmermann
3135:Rebecca Saunders
3057:Daniel Barenboim
2997:Maurizio Pollini
2871:Olivier Messiaen
2865:Benjamin Britten
2847:
2840:
2833:
2824:
2823:
2774:
2767:
2760:
2751:
2750:
2738:
2737:
2725:
2724:
2710:Postmodern music
2705:Opera in English
2688:Related articles
2634:Incidental music
2584:Orchestral music
2470:
2463:
2456:
2447:
2446:
2414:
2368:
2342:
2337:. Archived from
2325:Northcott, Bayan
2320:
2289:
2266:
2243:
2212:
2189:
2156:
2138:
2115:
2083:
2070:
2054:
2047:
2017:
2005:
1977:
1960:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1922:
1916:
1915:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1890:
1884:
1883:
1882:. 15 March 2010.
1872:
1866:
1865:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1836:
1830:
1817:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1806:
1797:. Archived from
1791:
1785:
1784:
1777:
1771:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1752:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1727:
1721:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1701:
1686:
1680:
1674:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1652:
1646:
1640:
1634:
1628:
1622:
1616:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1590:
1583:
1577:
1576:
1571:. Archived from
1561:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1536:
1530:
1528:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1492:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1466:
1457:
1446:
1440:
1439:
1428:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1397:(14 July 2017).
1391:
1385:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1365:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1340:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1310:
1304:
1303:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1283:
1281:
1266:
1260:
1253:
1247:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1227:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1176:
1170:
1164:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1128:
1113:
1107:
1101:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1067:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1022:
1016:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1000:
992:
979:
973:
956:
952:
877:Honorary degrees
755:In Broken Images
561:Olivier Messiaen
472:Daniel Barenboim
468:Sir Andrew Davis
340:Benjamin Britten
308:Composing career
294:national service
267:Vaughan Williams
181:
151:
149:
89:
70:
68:
49:
39:
29:
21:
20:
3902:
3901:
3897:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3892:
3891:
3752:
3751:
3750:
3740:
3735:
3733:
3723:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3709:sister projects
3706:at Knowledge's
3700:
3690:
3688:
3676:
3666:
3664:
3652:
3648:Classical music
3642:
3640:
3630:
3628:
3620:
3618:
3613:
3612:
3607:
3560:Magnus Lindberg
3538:Joonas Kokkonen
3518:Usko Meriläinen
3504:Igor Stravinsky
3477:
3472:
3442:
3437:
3426:Julian Anderson
3390:Hans Abrahamsen
3348:Peter Lieberson
3282:Ivan Tcherepnin
3270:Tōru Takemitsu
3252:John Corigliano
3213:
3212:
3205:
3175:
3170:
3159:George Benjamin
3093:Friedrich Cerha
3087:Aribert Reimann
3051:Henri Dutilleux
3015:Arditti Quartet
2856:
2851:
2821:
2816:
2802:Alexander Goehr
2783:
2778:
2743:
2735:
2730:
2714:
2695:Adam Birtwistle
2683:
2665:
2647:
2629:
2611:
2579:
2549:The Last Supper
2525:Yan Tan Tethera
2488:
2479:
2474:
2430:discography at
2405:
2375:
2286:
2263:
2209:
2186:
2164:
2162:Further reading
2159:
2135:
2081:
2048:
2044:
2010:Cross, Jonathan
2002:
1982:Cross, Jonathan
1974:Faber and Faber
1966:Maddocks, Fiona
1946:
1941:
1940:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1923:
1919:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1892:
1891:
1887:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1838:
1837:
1833:
1827:Wayback Machine
1818:
1814:
1804:
1802:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1779:
1778:
1774:
1764:
1762:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1739:
1737:
1729:
1728:
1724:
1714:
1712:
1703:
1702:
1689:
1685:, § paras. 3–4.
1683:Britannica 2022
1681:
1677:
1667:
1665:
1653:
1649:
1641:
1637:
1629:
1625:
1617:
1610:
1600:
1598:
1597:. 18 April 2022
1585:
1584:
1580:
1563:
1562:
1558:
1548:
1546:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1508:
1506:
1493:
1489:
1479:
1477:
1467:
1460:
1447:
1443:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1415:
1413:
1392:
1388:
1378:
1376:
1375:. 9 August 2007
1367:
1366:
1362:
1352:
1350:
1343:The Independent
1333:
1329:
1319:
1317:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1279:
1277:
1267:
1263:
1259:, London, 2018.
1254:
1250:
1240:
1238:
1228:
1201:
1191:
1189:
1177:
1173:
1165:
1156:
1146:
1144:
1129:
1116:
1108:
1104:
1096:
1092:
1082:
1080:
1068:
1055:
1045:
1043:
1023:
1019:
1009:
1007:
993:
982:
974:
970:
965:
960:
959:
953:
949:
944:
939:
888:Doctor of Music
809:Knight Bachelor
786:
706:
674:The Last Supper
637:
629:
623:
557:Igor Stravinsky
542:
537:
529:Mere, Wiltshire
504:
441:Daily Telegraph
332:Stephen Pruslin
310:
298:Royal Artillery
282:Alexander Goehr
241:
236:
234:Life and career
177:
153:
145:
141:
138:
102:Alma mater
97:
94:Mere, Wiltshire
91:
87:
78:
72:
66:
64:
56:
40:
35:
33:
30:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3900:
3890:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3749:
3748:
3746:from Wikiquote
3731:
3702:
3699:
3698:
3696:United Kingdom
3686:
3674:
3662:
3650:
3638:
3615:
3614:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3605:
3602:Tristan Murail
3599:
3593:
3587:
3581:
3575:
3572:Kaija Saariaho
3569:
3563:
3557:
3551:
3548:Aulis Sallinen
3541:
3531:
3525:
3507:
3501:
3495:
3492:Paul Hindemith
3489:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3471:
3470:
3463:
3456:
3448:
3439:
3438:
3436:
3435:
3429:
3423:
3417:
3411:
3405:
3399:
3393:
3387:
3381:
3375:
3369:
3363:
3357:
3351:
3345:
3339:
3333:
3327:
3321:
3318:Kaija Saariaho
3315:
3309:
3303:
3297:
3291:
3285:
3279:
3273:
3267:
3261:
3255:
3249:
3243:
3237:
3231:
3225:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3207:
3204:
3203:
3196:
3189:
3181:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3168:
3162:
3156:
3150:
3144:
3138:
3132:
3126:
3120:
3114:
3108:
3102:
3099:Mariss Jansons
3096:
3090:
3084:
3081:Michael Gielen
3078:
3072:
3066:
3060:
3054:
3048:
3045:Alfred Brendel
3042:
3036:
3030:
3024:
3021:Mauricio Kagel
3018:
3012:
3006:
3000:
2994:
2988:
2985:Claudio Abbado
2982:
2976:
2970:
2967:Heinz Holliger
2964:
2958:
2952:
2949:Peter Schreier
2946:
2940:
2934:
2931:Andrés Segovia
2928:
2925:Yehudi Menuhin
2922:
2916:
2910:
2907:Elliott Carter
2904:
2898:
2892:
2886:
2880:
2874:
2868:
2861:
2858:
2857:
2850:
2849:
2842:
2835:
2827:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2788:
2785:
2784:
2777:
2776:
2769:
2762:
2754:
2748:
2745:
2744:
2732:
2731:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2713:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2691:
2689:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2681:
2673:
2671:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2655:
2653:
2652:Collaborations
2649:
2648:
2646:
2645:
2637:
2635:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2627:
2619:
2617:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2609:
2602:
2595:
2587:
2585:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2577:
2569:
2561:
2557:The Io Passion
2553:
2545:
2537:
2529:
2521:
2513:
2505:
2501:Punch and Judy
2496:
2494:
2490:
2489:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2473:
2472:
2465:
2458:
2450:
2444:
2443:
2434:
2425:
2415:
2403:
2397:
2388:
2382:
2374:
2373:External links
2371:
2370:
2369:
2347:Smalley, Roger
2343:
2321:
2309:10.2307/950600
2290:
2284:
2267:
2261:
2244:
2232:10.2307/963009
2213:
2207:
2190:
2184:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2157:
2155:18 April 2022.
2139:
2133:
2116:
2090:(197): 25–27.
2071:
2055:
2042:
2006:
2000:
1978:
1961:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1917:
1903:
1885:
1867:
1849:
1831:
1812:
1786:
1772:
1747:
1722:
1687:
1675:
1647:
1643:Adlington 2000
1635:
1623:
1621:, § "To 1969".
1608:
1578:
1556:
1531:
1516:
1487:
1458:
1441:
1423:
1386:
1360:
1327:
1316:. 20 July 1987
1305:
1287:
1261:
1248:
1199:
1171:
1154:
1114:
1102:
1090:
1053:
1017:
980:
967:
966:
964:
961:
958:
957:
946:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
934:
933:
926:
919:
912:
905:
898:
891:
874:
873:
867:
861:
854:
840:
834:
827:
826:
819:
805:
794:
785:
782:
781:
780:
774:
768:
762:
752:
746:
738:
735:Secret Theatre
732:
724:
716:
705:
702:
701:
700:
694:
686:
678:
670:
662:
654:
646:
642:Punch and Judy
636:
633:
625:Main article:
622:
619:
615:Secret Theatre
541:
538:
536:
533:
503:
500:
480:Oliver Knussen
451:. At the 2006
416:Keith Burstein
358:Pieter Bruegel
327:Punch and Judy
309:
306:
284:, the pianist
240:
237:
235:
232:
170:
169:
159:
155:
154:
143:
139:
136:
135:
133:
129:
128:
123:
119:
118:
113:
109:
108:
103:
99:
98:
92:
90:(aged 87)
84:
80:
79:
73:
62:
58:
57:
51:Birtwistle in
50:
42:
41:
34:
31:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3899:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3759:
3757:
3745:
3744:
3732:
3728:
3727:
3715:
3714:
3711:
3705:
3697:
3687:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3673:
3663:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3649:
3639:
3637:
3627:
3626:
3623:
3603:
3600:
3597:
3596:Jukka Tiensuu
3594:
3591:
3588:
3585:
3582:
3579:
3578:György Kurtág
3576:
3573:
3570:
3567:
3564:
3561:
3558:
3555:
3554:György Ligeti
3552:
3549:
3545:
3542:
3539:
3535:
3532:
3529:
3526:
3523:
3519:
3515:
3511:
3508:
3505:
3502:
3499:
3496:
3493:
3490:
3487:
3486:Jean Sibelius
3484:
3483:
3480:
3476:
3469:
3464:
3462:
3457:
3455:
3450:
3449:
3446:
3433:
3430:
3427:
3424:
3421:
3420:Olga Neuwirth
3418:
3415:
3412:
3409:
3406:
3403:
3402:Bent Sørensen
3400:
3397:
3396:Andrew Norman
3394:
3391:
3388:
3385:
3384:Đuro Živković
3382:
3379:
3376:
3373:
3370:
3367:
3364:
3361:
3358:
3355:
3352:
3349:
3346:
3343:
3340:
3337:
3336:György Kurtág
3334:
3331:
3328:
3325:
3322:
3319:
3316:
3313:
3310:
3307:
3306:Pierre Boulez
3304:
3301:
3298:
3295:
3292:
3289:
3286:
3283:
3280:
3277:
3274:
3271:
3268:
3265:
3262:
3259:
3256:
3253:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3235:
3232:
3229:
3228:György Ligeti
3226:
3223:
3220:
3219:
3216:
3210:
3202:
3197:
3195:
3190:
3188:
3183:
3182:
3179:
3166:
3163:
3160:
3157:
3154:
3153:Olga Neuwirth
3151:
3148:
3145:
3142:
3139:
3136:
3133:
3130:
3127:
3124:
3121:
3118:
3115:
3112:
3109:
3106:
3103:
3100:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3088:
3085:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3073:
3070:
3067:
3064:
3061:
3058:
3055:
3052:
3049:
3046:
3043:
3040:
3039:Wolfgang Rihm
3037:
3034:
3031:
3028:
3025:
3022:
3019:
3016:
3013:
3010:
3009:György Kurtág
3007:
3004:
3001:
2998:
2995:
2992:
2989:
2986:
2983:
2980:
2979:György Ligeti
2977:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2965:
2962:
2959:
2956:
2955:Luciano Berio
2953:
2950:
2947:
2944:
2941:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2929:
2926:
2923:
2920:
2917:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2902:
2899:
2896:
2895:Pierre Boulez
2893:
2890:
2889:Rudolf Serkin
2887:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2863:
2862:
2859:
2855:
2848:
2843:
2841:
2836:
2834:
2829:
2828:
2825:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2807:Elgar Howarth
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2786:
2782:
2775:
2770:
2768:
2763:
2761:
2756:
2755:
2752:
2746:
2739:
2729:
2728:
2717:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2692:
2690:
2686:
2680:
2679:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2668:
2662:
2661:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2650:
2644:
2643:
2642:The Innocents
2639:
2638:
2636:
2632:
2626:
2625:
2621:
2620:
2618:
2616:Chamber music
2614:
2608:
2607:
2603:
2601:
2600:
2596:
2594:
2593:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2582:
2575:
2574:
2570:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2559:
2558:
2554:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2530:
2527:
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2503:
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2498:
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2359:(80): 25–27.
2358:
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2197:. Cambridge:
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2174:. Cambridge:
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2101:
2097:
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2089:
2088:
2080:
2077:(July 1996).
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2059:Hall, Michael
2056:
2052:
2045:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2022:
2016:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1988:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1962:
1958:
1955:. Cambridge:
1954:
1949:
1948:
1944:Cited sources
1927:
1921:
1913:
1907:
1899:
1898:bathspa.ac.uk
1895:
1889:
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1698:
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1684:
1679:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1651:
1645:, p. 38.
1644:
1639:
1633:, p. 27.
1632:
1627:
1620:
1615:
1613:
1596:
1595:
1589:
1582:
1574:
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1520:
1504:
1503:
1498:
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1476:
1472:
1465:
1463:
1455:
1451:
1448:Nuala Calvi,
1445:
1437:
1433:
1427:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1403:The Telegraph
1400:
1396:
1390:
1374:
1370:
1364:
1348:
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1339:
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1315:
1309:
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1133:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1112:, p. 10.
1111:
1106:
1099:
1094:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1042:
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1034:
1033:
1028:
1021:
1006:
1005:
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989:
987:
985:
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968:
951:
947:
931:
927:
924:
920:
917:
913:
910:
906:
903:
899:
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889:
885:
881:
880:
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878:
872:
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866:
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829:
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799:
795:
792:
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772:
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565:Edgard Varèse
562:
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464:Pierre Boulez
460:
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384:
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290:Elgar Howarth
287:
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231:
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95:
86:18 April 2022
85:
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76:
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3741:
3729:from Commons
3724:
3703:
3583:
3514:Erik Bergman
3233:
2990:
2913:Gidon Kremer
2791:
2720:
2676:
2658:
2640:
2622:
2604:
2597:
2592:Earth Dances
2590:
2573:The Corridor
2571:
2565:The Minotaur
2563:
2555:
2547:
2539:
2531:
2523:
2515:
2507:
2499:
2476:
2356:
2350:
2339:the original
2332:
2300:
2294:
2276:Robson Books
2271:
2248:
2223:
2217:
2194:
2170:
2146:
2120:
2085:
2067:Robson Books
2062:
2019:
1986:
1969:
1952:
1929:. Retrieved
1920:
1906:
1897:
1888:
1879:
1870:
1861:
1852:
1843:
1834:
1815:
1803:. Retrieved
1799:the original
1789:
1775:
1763:. Retrieved
1759:
1750:
1738:. Retrieved
1734:
1725:
1713:. Retrieved
1708:
1705:"Birtwistle"
1678:
1666:. Retrieved
1660:
1650:
1638:
1626:
1599:. Retrieved
1592:
1581:
1573:the original
1568:
1559:
1547:. Retrieved
1543:
1534:
1519:
1507:. Retrieved
1502:The Observer
1500:
1490:
1478:. Retrieved
1453:
1444:
1435:
1426:
1414:. Retrieved
1402:
1395:Hewett, Ivan
1389:
1377:. Retrieved
1373:The Guardian
1372:
1363:
1351:. Retrieved
1342:
1330:
1318:. Retrieved
1308:
1290:
1278:. Retrieved
1274:
1264:
1256:
1255:N. Wilkins,
1251:
1239:. Retrieved
1190:. Retrieved
1186:The Guardian
1184:
1174:
1169:, p. 5.
1145:. Retrieved
1141:The Guardian
1139:
1132:Hewett, Ivan
1105:
1100:, p. 4.
1093:
1081:. Retrieved
1077:The Guardian
1075:
1044:. Retrieved
1032:The Guardian
1030:
1020:
1008:. Retrieved
1002:
971:
950:
876:
875:
776:
770:
764:
754:
749:Theseus Game
748:
740:
734:
726:
718:
714:wind quintet
709:
696:
690:The Corridor
688:
682:The Minotaur
680:
672:
664:
656:
648:
640:
630:
614:
607:
598:
595:wind quintet
588:
582:
572:
554:
543:
526:
507:
505:
502:Private life
495:
486:, violinist
484:Simon Rattle
461:
446:
439:
429:
419:
408:
401:
371:Sean Connery
364:
362:
353:
347:
343:
325:
311:
271:
260:
242:
221:
217:The Guardian
215:
211:The Minotaur
209:
208:(1991), and
203:
197:
191:
174:
173:
116:Contemporary
88:(2022-04-18)
71:15 July 1934
18:
3767:2022 deaths
3762:1934 births
3566:Per Nørgård
3360:York Höller
3300:Thomas Adès
3240:Chinary Ung
3129:Beat Furrer
3117:Per Nørgård
3105:Peter Gülke
3075:Klaus Huber
2678:The Offence
2624:Silbury Air
2493:Stage works
2251:. Farnham:
2151:. Chicago:
1711:(in German)
918:, Doctorate
728:Silbury Air
704:Other music
645:(1966–1967)
611:sonata form
579:Stockhausen
514:BBC Radio 3
369:, starring
366:The Offence
137:Sheila Duff
3756:Categories
3743:Quotations
3660:Lancashire
3590:Unsuk Chin
3354:Brett Dean
3324:Unsuk Chin
3276:John Adams
3264:Karel Husa
3246:Joan Tower
3165:Unsuk Chin
2812:John Ogdon
2670:Film score
2274:. London:
2123:. London:
2024:. Oxford:
1990:. London:
1972:. London:
1662:Gramophone
1619:Cross 2012
1549:2 December
1544:npg.org.uk
1509:9 November
976:Cross 2012
963:References
937:References
379:knighthood
286:John Ogdon
249:Manchester
245:Accrington
239:Early life
75:Accrington
67:1934-07-15
3636:Biography
3414:Lei Liang
3408:Joël Bons
3211:laureates
2576:(2008–09)
2568:(2005–07)
2560:(2003–04)
2552:(1998–99)
2544:(1993–94)
2520:(1973–84)
2512:(1968–69)
2504:(1966–67)
2112:251414737
2075:Pace, Ian
2053:required)
2012:(2012) .
1805:8 October
1631:Pace 1996
1594:The Times
1454:The Stage
1411:0307-1235
1167:Hall 1984
1098:Hall 1984
1041:0261-3077
777:Deep Time
771:Responses
699:(2014–15)
669:(1993–94)
653:(1973–84)
496:Responses
96:, England
77:, England
3520:, &
2727:Category
2061:(1984).
1984:(2000).
1968:(2014).
1931:27 March
1823:Archived
1715:22 April
1668:19 April
1601:18 April
1569:ifad.org
1505:. London
1480:19 April
1416:18 April
1379:18 April
1353:18 April
1347:Archived
1320:27 March
1241:18 April
1192:18 April
1147:18 April
1083:19 April
1010:18 April
955:"Harri".
925:, D.Mus.
911:, D.Mus.
904:, D.Mus.
897:, D.Mus.
890:(D.Mus.)
825:(FRNCM).
804:, France
759:Gabrieli
712:(1957),
697:The Cure
631:Source:
603:ostinati
584:Zeitmaße
302:Oswestry
202:(1986),
158:Children
3622:Portals
3294:Tan Dun
2432:Discogs
2393:at the
1765:13 July
1740:13 July
850:in the
815:in the
590:Gruppen
457:clichés
424:at the
296:in the
262:Messiah
152:
144:
140:
3604:(2023)
3598:(2020)
3592:(2017)
3586:(2015)
3580:(2012)
3574:(2009)
3568:(2006)
3562:(2003)
3556:(2000)
3550:(1983)
3546:&
3540:(1973)
3536:&
3530:(1971)
3524:(1965)
3506:(1963)
3500:(1958)
3494:(1955)
3488:(1953)
3434:(2024)
3428:(2023)
3422:(2022)
3416:(2021)
3410:(2019)
3404:(2018)
3398:(2017)
3392:(2016)
3386:(2014)
3380:(2013)
3374:(2012)
3368:(2011)
3362:(2010)
3356:(2009)
3350:(2008)
3344:(2007)
3338:(2006)
3332:(2005)
3326:(2004)
3320:(2003)
3314:(2002)
3308:(2001)
3302:(2000)
3296:(1998)
3290:(1997)
3284:(1996)
3278:(1995)
3272:(1994)
3266:(1993)
3260:(1992)
3254:(1991)
3248:(1990)
3242:(1989)
3236:(1987)
3230:(1986)
3224:(1985)
3167:(2024)
3161:(2023)
3155:(2022)
3149:(2021)
3143:(2020)
3137:(2019)
3131:(2018)
3125:(2017)
3119:(2016)
3113:(2015)
3107:(2014)
3101:(2013)
3095:(2012)
3089:(2011)
3083:(2010)
3077:(2009)
3071:(2008)
3065:(2007)
3059:(2005)
3053:(2004)
3047:(2004)
3041:(2002)
3035:(2002)
3029:(2001)
3023:(2000)
3017:(1999)
3011:(1998)
3005:(1997)
2999:(1996)
2993:(1995)
2987:(1994)
2981:(1993)
2975:(1992)
2969:(1991)
2963:(1990)
2957:(1989)
2951:(1988)
2945:(1987)
2939:(1986)
2933:(1985)
2927:(1984)
2921:(1983)
2915:(1982)
2909:(1981)
2903:(1980)
2897:(1979)
2891:(1978)
2885:(1977)
2879:(1976)
2873:(1975)
2867:(1974)
2533:Gawain
2528:(1986)
2365:942634
2363:
2317:950600
2315:
2282:
2259:
2240:963009
2238:
2205:
2182:
2131:
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2104:944433
2102:
2040:
1998:
1409:
1280:25 May
1046:31 May
1039:
846:(CH),
811:(Kt),
685:(2008)
677:(2000)
661:(1990)
658:Gawain
577:) and
569:Boulez
421:Gawain
205:Gawain
132:Spouse
55:, 2008
3726:Media
3684:Opera
3672:Music
2599:Panic
2411:IRCAM
2361:JSTOR
2352:Tempo
2313:JSTOR
2236:JSTOR
2108:S2CID
2100:JSTOR
2087:Tempo
2082:(PDF)
942:Notes
928:2014
921:2014
914:2013
907:2010
900:2008
893:1996
882:1994
869:2015
856:2003
842:2001
836:1995
807:1988
796:1986
789:1986
742:Panic
635:Opera
621:Works
540:Style
535:Music
522:Silas
431:Panic
320:on a
223:Panic
167:Silas
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142:
122:Works
53:Turin
2441:IMDb
2422:WNIB
2280:ISBN
2257:ISBN
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2180:ISBN
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1996:ISBN
1933:2022
1807:2020
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1742:2022
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1670:2022
1603:2022
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1355:2022
1322:2022
1300:IMDb
1282:2024
1243:2022
1194:2022
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