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Harland & Wolff

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973: 435: 461: 1138:(UFTM). This has a photographic collection and a ships' plans collection (i.e., technical drawings). Around 8,000 prints of Harland & Wolff-built ships covering the period 1890-1945 are held in bound volumes in the UFTM's library. However the UFTM's collection of ships' plans is not currently available to the public nor is there a copy service. Selected early ship's plans (dating from 1860 to 1882) are reproduced in a pictorial book by McCluskie (1998). Records relating to the Govan yard of Harland & Wolff plc are maintained by the 490: 602: 724: 221: 911: 3467: 1070:. Harland & Wolff was one of many UK and international companies profiting from the emergence of UK wind- and marine-generated electricity, which had been attracting significant inward investment. As the business environment became increasingly competitive the yard began to have difficulty in generating enough business to meet overhead expenses. The yard was last profitable in 2015 and the following year it had an operating loss of £6 million. 29: 191: 174: 509:, and the first three ships that the newly incorporated shipyard built were for that line. Harland made a success of the business through several innovations, notably replacing the wooden upper decks with iron ones which increased the strength of the ships; and giving the hulls a flatter bottom and squarer cross section, which increased their capacity. 1006:, effectively rekindling its nearly 150-year association with the White Star Line. Structural steel work on the ship began on 10 February 2011 and was completed in time for the 2012 Belfast Titanic Festival. In July 2012 Harland & Wolff was to carry out the dry docking and service of the Husky Oil 706:
components. It was in this period that the company's workforce peaked at around 35,000 people. However, many of the vessels built in this era were commissioned right at the end of the Second World War, as Harland and Wolff were focused on ship repair in the first three years of the war. The yard on
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Faced with competitive pressures, Harland & Wolff sought to shift and broaden their portfolio, focusing less on shipbuilding and more on design and structural engineering, as well as ship repair, offshore construction projects and competing for other projects to do with metal engineering and
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industry has taken centre stage. Harland & Wolff had been working on three innovative meteorological mast foundations for the Dogger Bank and Firth of Forth offshore wind farms, as well as putting the finishing touches to two Siemens substations for the
565:. The three neighbouring yards were amalgamated and redeveloped to provide a total of seven building berths, a fitting-out basin and extensive workshops. Harland & Wolff specialised in building tankers and cargo ships at Govan. The nearby shipyard of 1134:(PRONI). The Harland & Wolff archive in PRONI comprises c.2,000 files, c.200 volumes and c.16,000 documents, 1861–1987, documenting most aspects of the history of Belfast's famous shipbuilding firm. A further major archive is held at the 789:
advance loans and subsidies to British shipyards to modernise production methods and shipyard infrastructure to preserve jobs. A major modernisation programme at the shipyard was undertaken, centred on the creation of a large construction
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complex, within which many ships were built until the early 1960s, was demolished. The nationalised company was sold by the British government in 1989 to a management/employee buy-out in partnership with the Norwegian shipping magnate
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In July 2010, Harland & Wolff secured a contract to make a prototype tidal energy turbine for Scotrenewables Ltd. Manufacture of the SR250 device was completed in May 2011 and has been undergoing testing in Orkney since.
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On 16 September 2024, it was reported that Harland & Wolff entered administration for the second time in 5 years. The company is expected to continue operations normally, while its non-core operations will wind down.
635:. In 1918, the company opened a new shipyard on the eastern side of the Musgrave Channel which was named the East Yard. This yard specialised in mass-produced ships of standard design developed in the First World War. 1106:
yards, (but not the Burntisland facility). These Scottish facilities will trade under the Harland & Wolff brand. In September 2021, Infrastrata plc was renamed Harland & Wolff Group Holdings plc.
561:, Scotland. It bought the former London & Glasgow Engineering & Iron Shipbuilding Co's Middleton and Govan New shipyards in Govan and Mackie & Thomson's Govan Old Yard, which had been owned by 1712: 1785: 3536: 1118:, the first of an order for 23 such craft. From 2025 the yard is expecting to complete the final assembly of three naval support ships for the Royal Navy as part of the Team Resolute Consortium. 1646: 1878: 1533: 1077:
restructured and decided to place Harland and Wolff up for sale. No buyer emerged and on 5 August 2019 the company announced that they would cease trading and entered formal administration.
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In March 2008, the construction of the world's first commercial tidal stream turbine, for Marine Current Turbines, was completed at the Belfast yard. The installation of the 1.2MW
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built in the UK and the largest vessel ever launched down a slipway, as it was in September 1967. In the same period the yard also built the semi-submersible drilling rig
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In 2003, Harland & Wolff's parent company sold 185 acres of surplus shipyard land and buildings to Harcourt Developments for £47 million. This is now known as the
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projects, the company is increasingly involved in overhaul, re-fitting and ship repair, as well as the construction and repair of off-shore equipment such as
3511: 486:(1834–1913) who came to the UK aged 14. In 1858 Harland, then general manager, bought the small shipyard on Queen's Island from his employer Robert Hickson. 3334: 569:, on the north bank of the Clyde and the east bank of the Kelvin, was also purchased by Harland & Wolff in 1919, along with the Meadowside shipyard of 1495: 3501: 1642: 1212: 1186: 3422: 1870: 1679: 593:. However, these shipyards were all eventually closed, beginning in the early 1960s when the company opted to consolidate its operations in Belfast. 1465: 758: 355: 1810: 2888: 1080:
Subsequently, on 1 October 2019, it was announced that the shipyard had been bought for £6 million by the London-based energy firm, InfraStrata.
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In late 2007, the 'Goliath' gantry crane was re-commissioned, having been moth-balled in 2003 due to the lack of heavy-lifting work at the yard.
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and labour activists were routinely expelled from their jobs in the shipyard: Similar actions had occurred in June 1898 and July, 1912. See
3344: 2803: 2652: 2353: 524:, Pirrie's nephew, became the general manager and head of the draughting department in 1907. It was in this period that the company built 972: 1091:
complementing the H&W Belfast shipyard by focusing on smaller ships of up to 119 metres in the shipbuilding and ship repair market.
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programme. It was envisaged that the ship would be assembled at the Harland & Wolff dry-dock in Belfast. In 1999, BAE merged with
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which, due to its three-legged design, was launched down three parallel slipways. This was a first and only time this was ever done.
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In recent years the company has seen its ship-related workload increase. While Harland & Wolff has had no recent involvement in
1908: 1848: 1151: 1131: 1938: 1365: 847:, and has continued to concentrate on vessels for the offshore oil and gas industry. It has made some forays outside this market. 3521: 2346: 1297: 859: 647: 3259: 2285: 2234: 1433: 1403: 1327: 1139: 2785: 2132: 2099: 1620: 930: 1767: 1234: 3491: 517: 2881: 2871: 934: 742: 407: 183: 2261: 1273: 2069: 1031:. This was the second offshore wind farm assembled by the company for Vestas having completed the logistics for the 497:
After buying Hickson's shipyard, Harland made his assistant Wolff a partner in the company. Wolff was the nephew of
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In 1912, due primarily to increasing political instability in Ireland, the company acquired another shipyard at
3010: 1487: 1986: 3531: 3470: 745:, led to difficulties for the British shipbuilding industry. The last liner that the company launched was MV 669: 562: 334: 903:, building on the success of its first foray into the civil engineering sector with the construction of the 3541: 2911: 2560: 1669: 1208: 1182: 945: 3506: 2949: 2942: 1455: 1018: 976: 799: 729: 1027:
In June 2008, assembly work at the Belfast yard was underway on 60 Vestas V90-3MW wind turbines for the
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construction. This led to Harland and Wolff constructing a series of bridges in Britain and also in the
2866: 2827: 2712: 2705: 2612: 2602: 863: 802:, enabling the shipyard to build much larger post-war merchant ships, including one of 333,000 tonnes. 543: 3252: 2750: 2659: 1032: 618: 287: 1960: 3381: 3309: 2854: 926: 774: 574: 498: 423: 338: 1735: 715:, causing considerable damage to the shipbuilding facilities and destroying the aircraft factory. 3526: 2925: 2724: 2696: 2689: 999:. On 1 February 2011 it was announced that Harland & Wolff had won the contract to refurbish 3319: 2837: 2771: 2766: 2759: 1084: 42: 1396:"Britain From Above – The Harland and Wolff Ltd Works at Gallions Point, North Woolwich, 1947" 805:
The shipyard had a long-standing reputation as a Protestant closed shop, and in 1970, during
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offshore wind farm. Seventy-five per cent of the company's work was based on offshore
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Belfast's skyline is still dominated today by Harland & Wolff's famous twin
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For the next few years, Harland & Wolff specialised in building standard
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Shipbuilders to the World: 125 years of Harland and Wolff, Belfast 1861–1986
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With the rise of the jet-powered airliner in the late 1950s, the demand for
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became the chairman of the company and remained so until his death in 1924.
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in 2006. In August 2011 Harland and Wolff completed the logistics for the
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A burner operating at night on the deck of a ship at Harland and Wolff's
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The Battleship Builders – Constructing and Arming British Capital Ships
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Ships from the Archives of Harland & Wolff: Builders of the Titanic
2070:"Harland & Wolff Archive, Public Record Office of Northern Ireland" 855: 844: 506: 493:
Harland & Wolff's Belfast drawing offices early in the 20th century
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In April 2023, the Belfast yard completed its first new vessel since
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RASCAL: Research and Special Collections Available Locally (Ireland)
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In the 1960s, notable achievements for the yard included the tanker
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The Troubles: Ireland's Ordeal 1966–1995 and the Search for Peace
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Companies that have entered administration in the United Kingdom
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Modern timeline of British shipbuilding companies, 1960–present
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thus rendering H&W's involvement surplus to requirements.
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The company started an aircraft manufacturing subsidiary with
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The shipyard was busy in the Second World War, building six
1703:"Breath of fresh air for H&W with wind turbine venture" 699: 438:
Workers leaving the shipyard at Queens Road in early 1911.
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Today, the company is focused on supporting five sectors:
1931:"Appledore Shipyard to reopen after £7m InfraStrata deal" 1114:
in 2003. It is a barge for the waste management company,
933:. The ship, built under licence from German shipbuilders 881: 1613:"Harland and Wolff – Shipbuilding and Engineering Works" 1320:"Harland and Wolff – Shipbuilding and Engineering Works" 628:, including the 15-inch gun armed "large light cruiser" 1901:"Harland and Wolff: Belfast shipyard bought by UK firm" 1130:
A collection of Harland & Wolff papers are held at
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for £7 million. The deal will see the shipyard renamed
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Harland & Wolff's last shipbuilding project was MV
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https://www.theglasgowstory.com/image/?inum=TGSW00019
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In August 2020, InfraStrata also bought the dormant
577:. Harland & Wolff also established shipyards at 1268:. Belfast: Blackstaff Press. pp. xvii, 601 p. 816:Continuing financial problems led to the company's 2245: 1841:"Harland and Wolff's Belfast shipyard up for sale" 684:bombers as the Hereford was removed from service. 1786:"Britain could lead world in offshore wind power" 850:In the late 1990s, the yard was part of the then 3483: 2100:""Introduction to the Harland and Wolff Papers"" 870:, included the former Marconi shipyards on the 406:In 2022, the company was awarded a major naval 372:of 1905. Harland and Wolff's official history, 2229:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. 2224: 1768:"Turbine contract boost for Harland and Wolff" 741:declined. This, coupled with competition from 3267: 3253: 2354: 3512:Shipbuilding companies of the United Kingdom 2159: 2045:"Titanic shipyard to go into administration" 1140:Archives of the University of Glasgow (GUAS) 1098:yards, the £850,000 deal was struck for the 1039:which consisted of 30 REpower 5MW turbines. 2170:. London: PRC Publishing Ltd. p. 160. 1521:. Tralee: Anvil Books Ltd. p. 174-175. 1094:In February 2021, InfraStrata acquired two 987:during refit at Harland & Wolff in 2008 833:; this buy-out led to a new company called 548:a massive twin slipway and gantry structure 3260: 3246: 2361: 2347: 1794:. London. 14 February 2011. Archived from 1778: 1670:"Harland & Wolff locks horns with DTI" 1596: 1531: 474:Harland & Wolff was formed in 1861 by 3502:Engineering companies of Northern Ireland 2243: 2165: 1993:. Companies House (UK Government website) 1961:"Infrastrata PLC (INFA.L) Change of Name" 1282: 1158:Category:Ships built by Harland and Wolff 753:in 1960; the last liner completed was SS 707:Queen's Island was heavily bombed by the 542:, between 1909 and 1914. It commissioned 513:became a partner of the company in 1874. 2042: 2011: 1987:"HARLAND & WOLFF GROUP HOLDINGS PLC" 1733: 1700: 1488:"BELFAST RIOTS. (Hansard, 31 July 1912)" 1263: 1152:List of ships built by Harland and Wolff 1132:Public Record Office of Northern Ireland 1021:, built in 1974 and 1969 respectively. 971: 909: 722: 600: 488: 459: 433: 219: 2271: 1923: 1808: 1736:"Tidal power comes to Northern Ireland" 813:workers were expelled from their role. 3484: 3210: 3207: 3204: 3201: 3198: 3195: 2988: 2981: 2880: 2875: 2679: 2674: 2663: 2644: 2637: 2394: 2391: 2388: 2385: 2382: 2379: 2147:from the original on 14 September 2017 2112:from the original on 14 September 2017 1667: 1532:Montgomery, Emma (26 September 2022). 1363: 1145: 882:Restructuring and InfraStrata takeover 530:and the two other ships in her class, 22:Harland & Wolff Group Holdings plc 3497:British companies established in 1861 3241: 3021: 2993: 2986: 2894: 2870: 2853: 2831: 2784: 2745: 2740: 2735: 2730: 2665: 2642: 2608: 2573: 2342: 2202:from the original on 26 February 2024 2134:Introduction Harland and Wolff Papers 2130: 1941:from the original on 1 September 2020 1715:from the original on 13 November 2009 1682:from the original on 26 February 2024 1649:from the original on 23 February 2018 1468:from the original on 18 November 2018 661:in 1936. Its first order was for 189 16:Shipyard in Belfast, Northern Ireland 2596:Harland & Wolff Heavy Industries 2274:Belfast Shipbuilders: A Titanic Tale 2043:Campbell, John (16 September 2024). 1911:from the original on 2 February 2022 1821:from the original on 21 October 2018 1748:from the original on 2 February 2017 1578:from the original on 29 October 2023 1548:from the original on 29 October 2023 1516: 410:as part of Team Resolute (alongside 2671:Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson 2225:Johnston, Ian; Buxton, Ian (2013). 1991:Find and Update Company Information 1623:from the original on 13 August 2018 1436:from the original on 13 August 2018 1406:from the original on 13 August 2018 1376:from the original on 13 August 2018 1330:from the original on 13 August 2018 1245:from the original on 30 August 2017 13: 2302:Harland and Wolff Heavy Industries 2268:(Poems about the Belfast Shipyard) 2248:Queen of the Sea, George McWhirter 2218: 2024:from the original on 21 April 2023 1881:from the original on 5 August 2019 1851:from the original on 3 August 2019 1300:from the original on 26 April 2018 935:Flensburger Schiffbau-Gesellschaft 718: 648:The Troubles in Ulster (1920–1922) 505:, who was heavily invested in the 445:is in the background, beneath the 14: 3553: 2295: 1734:McDonald, Henry (31 March 2008). 1364:Weston, Alan (18 February 2013). 1215:from the original on 30 June 2023 1189:from the original on 30 June 2023 711:in April and May 1941 during the 3466: 3465: 3223:British Shipbuilders Corporation 2012:Campbell, John (21 April 2023). 1809:McKeown, Gareth (21 July 2017). 1701:Harrison, Claire (2 June 2008). 1601:. Head of Zeus Ltd. p. 607. 1498:from the original on 3 July 2018 1136:Ulster Folk and Transport Museum 835:Harland & Wolff Holdings Plc 596: 429: 190: 189: 173: 172: 27: 2737:A&P Appledore International 2184: 2124: 2092: 2062: 2036: 2005: 1979: 1953: 1893: 1863: 1833: 1802: 1760: 1727: 1694: 1661: 1635: 1605: 1590: 1560: 1525: 1510: 1480: 1456:"Sectarianism and the shipyard" 1448: 1418: 1164:Category:Ships built in Belfast 965:, and includes the £97 million 571:D. and W. Henderson and Company 3522:1861 establishments in Ireland 3011:British Hovercraft Corporation 2889:Fairfield Sh'b. & Eng. Co. 1847:. BBC News. 28 December 2018. 1668:Mullin, John (11 March 2000). 1388: 1357: 1342: 1312: 1257: 1227: 1201: 1175: 1057:Since April 2012, the booming 1: 2912:Charles Connell & Company 2561:Hawthorn Leslie & Company 1168: 563:William Beardmore and Company 2943:Alexander Stephen & Sons 2570:Caledon Sh'b. & Eng. Co. 1264:Moss, M; Hume, J.R. (1986). 1073:In 2018, the parent company 925:, one of six near identical 7: 2779:Cammell Laird & Company 2653:Scotts Sh'b. & Eng. Co. 1574:. BBC News. 7 August 2019. 1125: 940:The company unsuccessfully 798:Goliath cranes, the iconic 659:Short & Harland Limited 544:Sir William Arrol & Co. 516:When Harland died in 1895, 10: 3558: 3492:Companies based in Belfast 3377:Det Norske Luftfartselskap 3215: 3030: 3028: 3018: 3009: 2934: 2903: 2901: 2865: 2819: 2777: 2763: 2758: 2754: 2751:William Doxford & Sons 2749: 2728: 2723: 2709: 2704: 2700: 2681: 2625: 2623: 2618: 2611: 2603:Ailsa Shipbuilding Company 2601: 2594: 2589: 2574:Robb Caledon Shipbuilding 2559: 2244:McWhirter, George (1976). 1161: 1155: 1046:Tidal System was begun in 864:Marconi Electronic Systems 691:, two cruisers (including 617:, Harland and Wolff built 3461: 3415: 3359: 3296: 3275: 3016: 3007: 3000: 2976: 2969: 2962: 2955: 2948: 2941: 2929: 2924: 2920: 2915: 2910: 2896: 2892: 2887: 2882:BAE Systems Surface Ships 2863: 2858: 2848: 2843: 2836: 2826: 2824: 2821:Vickers Ltd. Shipbuilding 2814: 2807: 2802: 2797: 2792: 2789: 2782: 2770: 2765: 2716: 2711: 2695: 2688: 2669: 2658: 2651: 2632: 2606: 2585: 2580: 2576: 2568: 2564: 2374: 2272:Cameron, Stephen (2011). 1877:. London. 5 August 2019. 1033:Barrow Offshore Wind Farm 946:Chantiers de l'Atlantique 927:Point-class sealift ships 668:built under licence from 575:David Colville & Sons 376:, was published in 1986. 374:Shipbuilders to the World 335:Shaw, Savill & Albion 246:company headquartered in 208: 198: 181: 168: 154: 140: 102: 66: 48: 38: 26: 3382:Fred. Olsen Airtransport 3310:Fred. Olsen Cruise Lines 3188: 3185: 3182: 3179: 3176: 3173: 3170: 3167: 3164: 3161: 3158: 3155: 3152: 3149: 3146: 3143: 3140: 3137: 3134: 3131: 3128: 3125: 3122: 3119: 3116: 3113: 3110: 3107: 3104: 3101: 3098: 3095: 3092: 3089: 3086: 3083: 3080: 3077: 3074: 3071: 3068: 3065: 3062: 3059: 3056: 3053: 3050: 3047: 3044: 3041: 3038: 3035: 2926:John Brown & Company 2872:BAE Surf. Flt. Solutions 2855:Upper Clyde Shipbuilders 2772:Babcock Marine Appledore 2725:Austin & Pickersgill 2697:John Readhead & Sons 2552: 2549: 2546: 2543: 2540: 2537: 2534: 2531: 2528: 2525: 2522: 2519: 2516: 2513: 2510: 2507: 2504: 2501: 2498: 2495: 2492: 2489: 2486: 2483: 2480: 2477: 2474: 2471: 2468: 2465: 2462: 2459: 2456: 2453: 2450: 2447: 2444: 2441: 2438: 2435: 2432: 2429: 2426: 2423: 2420: 2417: 2414: 2411: 2408: 2405: 2402: 2399: 1597:Pat Coogan, Tim (2015). 948:for the construction of 937:, was launched in 2003. 824:, in 1977. In 1971, the 820:, though not as part of 226:Sir Edward James Harland 145:Sir Edward James Harland 2978:JI Thornycroft & Co 2732:North East Shipbuilders 2166:McCluskie, Tom (1998). 1430:britainfromabove.org.uk 1400:britainfromabove.org.uk 895:and the restoration of 111:; 163 years ago 3325:Fred. Olsen Renewables 3320:Fred. Olsen Production 2838:BAE Systems Submarines 2760:Appledore Shipbuilders 2706:Hall Russell & Co. 2196:archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk 1538:belfasttelegraph.co.uk 988: 918: 781:In the mid-1960s, the 768:, which was the first 734: 610: 609:yard (27 October 1944) 494: 471: 457: 232: 43:Public limited company 3269:Fred. Olsen & Co. 2828:Marconi Marine (VSEL) 2660:Greenock Dockyard Co. 2627:Ferguson Shipbuilders 1517:Boyd, Andrew (1969). 1351:, The Glasgow Story, 1290:"Walter Henry Wilson" 1075:Fred. Olsen & Co. 975: 929:built for use by the 913: 785:recommended that the 726: 680:, this factory built 663:Handley Page Hereford 604: 492: 463: 437: 420:Royal Fleet Auxiliary 276:offshore construction 223: 213:www.harland-wolff.com 94:Offshore construction 3532:British Shipbuilders 3433:Thomas Fredrik Olsen 3428:Thomas Fredrik Olsen 3347:(minority ownership) 3306:(minority ownership) 2964:Simons & Lobnitz 2931:Marathon (Clydebank) 2867:Marconi Marine (YSL) 2080:on 14 September 2017 1798:on 18 February 2011. 1209:"ANNUAL REPORT 2022" 1183:"ANNUAL REPORT 2022" 1029:Robin Rigg Wind Farm 969:visitor attraction. 860:Future Carrier (CVF) 822:British Shipbuilders 518:William James Pirrie 484:Gustav Wilhelm Wolff 476:Edward James Harland 266:. It specialises in 194:-£70,357,333 (2022) 149:Gustav Wilhelm Wolff 3542:Narrowboat builders 3340:Harland & Wolff 3330:First Olsen Tankers 3315:Fred. Olsen Express 3031:Griffon Hovercraft 2591:Harland & Wolff 2321: /  1967:. 23 September 2021 1791:The Daily Telegraph 1774:. Adman multimedia. 1519:Holy War in Belfast 1146:List of ships built 1059:offshore wind power 931:Ministry of Defence 889:Republic of Ireland 866:. The new company, 511:Walter Henry Wilson 456:is at the far left. 424:Fleet Solid Support 236:Harland & Wolff 200:Number of employees 177:£27,696,837 (2022) 23: 3507:History of Belfast 3387:Fred. Olsen Energy 3335:Fred. Olsen Travel 2990:Vosper Thornycroft 2983:Vosper Thornycroft 2957:A. & J. Inglis 2950:W Denny & Bros 2833:BAE Systems Marine 2816:Vickers-Armstrongs 2799:A&P Shiprepair 1937:. 25 August 2020. 1907:. 1 October 2019. 1085:Appledore shipyard 1019:Samson and Goliath 989: 919: 893:James Joyce Bridge 868:BAE Systems Marine 800:Samson and Goliath 787:British government 735: 730:Samson and Goliath 727:The gantry cranes 638:During the 1920s, 611: 567:A. & J. Inglis 495: 472: 458: 418:), to deliver the 233: 228:in the grounds of 109:11 April 1861 89:Marine Engineering 21: 3479: 3478: 3397:Sterling Airlines 3392:Fred. 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Index


Public limited company
Traded as
LSE
HARL
Shipbuilding
Ship repair
Civil Engineering
Marine Engineering
Offshore construction
nationalised
privatised
Sir Edward James Harland
Gustav Wilhelm Wolff
London
United Kingdom
Operating income
www.harland-wolff.com

Sir Edward James Harland
Belfast City Hall
shipbuilding
fabrication
London
Belfast
Arnish
Appledore
Methil
ship repair
shipbuilding

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