281:
who had been imprisoned by India and 20 other prisoners. Several national and international organisations issued appeals to Al-Faran to release the tourists. Representatives of the embassies of the victims' countries also visited
Kashmir frequently to seek their release, without success. In December
264:
A note released by the kidnappers a day after the kidnappings read, "Accept our demands or face dire consequences. We are fighting against anti-Islamic forces. Western countries are anti-Islam, and
America is the biggest enemy of Islam." John Childs managed to escape and was rescued four days later.
298:, that the remaining hostages were sold from Al-Faran to Ghulam Nabi Mir, also known as Azad Nabi, who held them for months before shooting them dead on 24 December 1995. Ghulam Nabi Mir was at the time leader of pro-Indian Islamic guerrilla group Muslim Mujaheddin, a fraction of
289:
agents that he had heard that all four hostages had been shot dead on 13 December 1995, nine days after an operation by Indian security forces that killed four of the original hostage-takers, including the man said to have been leading them, Abdul Hamid Turki. Journalists
357:
to the international communities attention. Donald
Hutchings' wife Jane Schelly made repeated trips to the region to try to get some answers in vain. In 1997, Indian police exhumed a body that was initially thought to be of
173:
When their demands were not met, Norwegian Hans
Christian Ostrø was beheaded on 13 August 1995. American John Childs managed to escape on 17 August, while the rest have never been found, but are presumed dead by the
741:
282:
1995, the kidnappers left a note that they were no longer holding the men hostage. Mangan, Wells, Hutchings, and Hasert have never been found and are presumed to have been killed.
759:
993:
777:
554:
1207:
273:, who established that the beheading was the cause of death, and reported that the words "Al Faran" were carved onto his chest. The kidnappers demanded the release of
1038:
813:
412:
337:
in an attempt to find and free a
Norwegian citizen who was held hostage and later beheaded, by the Al-Faran guerrillas." The attempt was not successful. The
533:
850:
891:
1428:
1107:
576:
261:
actor, Hans
Christian Ostrø (1968-13 August 1995). Mangan's and Hutchings' wives were left behind by the kidnappers as their husbands were abducted.
1108:"Al-Qaida and the Pakistani Harakat Movement: Reflections and Questions about the pre-2001 Period | Rassler | Perspectives on Terrorism"
303:
1183:"Kashmir issues death certificates for Western hostages kidnapped in 1995", Global News Wire – Asia Africa Intelligence Wire, 28 January 2003.
1463:
407:
203:
1398:
1218:
847:"Report: Spokane man killed in India : m.kitsapsun.com : Kitsap, Washington, News, Business, Homes, Jobs, Cars & Information"
873:
694:
832:
1003:
266:
329:(FSK) made an attempt to locate and rescue the Norwegian hostage Ostrø. "In 1995, a small force from the unit was deployed in the
1458:
1308:
1196:
1468:
1453:
17:
1418:
1388:
1383:
716:
1438:
1408:
1193:
Qaiser Mirza, "Kashmiri
Separatists Kill One Western Hostage, Threaten Other Four", Associated Press, 13 August 1995.
459:
in 1993. Harkat-ul-Mujahideen had split from Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami 1985 but re-united, they split again in 1998.
1090:
1443:
1423:
362:
tourist Paul Wells. However, subsequent forensic tests showed that the body did not belong to any of the tourists.
265:
Ostrø was beheaded by his abductors and his body was found near
Pahalgam on 13 August 1995. His body was taken to
572:
286:
191:
175:
1393:
1294:
486:
134:
846:
1448:
1318:
342:
1173:
Qaiser Mirza, "Kashmir police say skeleton may be of a foreign hostage", Associated Press, 25 October 2000.
218:
in Delhi. HuA then began using the pseudonym of Al-Faran and also committed a bus hijacking in
Hapatnar in
156:
1170:"Western Hostages probably killed, says top Indian security official", Associated Press, 27 November 1998.
1111:
1056:
202:(HuA), an anti-Indian militant group under the similar pseudonym of Al-Hadid, had already perpetrated the
1433:
895:
367:
326:
795:
597:
1413:
1403:
1298:
1094:
672:
667:
602:
580:
490:
452:
338:
322:
195:
152:
47:
374:. Sheikh was arrested in 2002 and was later tried and convicted for the kidnapping and beheading of
1367:
917:
1164:
371:
211:
1334:
1025:
1136:
1303:
511:
422:
243:
1347:
1187:
1186:
Izhar Wani, "American
Beheading in Iraq revives memories of similar execution in Kashmir",
720:
520:
456:
278:
167:
8:
584:
247:
214:
to secure the release of HuA leaders. Sheikh was caught and ultimately imprisoned at the
1304:
Ransom, The Untold Story of International Kidnapping by Ann Hagedorn Auerbach- Chapter 1
1043:
939:
818:
800:
782:
764:
746:
649:
559:
538:
1269:"(+) Janne Hoem får Hans Christian Ostrøs minnepris: – Han satte uforglemmelige spor"
1226:
1150:
1061:
943:
653:
641:
427:
379:
299:
219:
179:
148:
1324:
1200:
1157:
1143:
1074:
633:
626:"Ilyas Kashmiri through the Prism of HuJI, HuA, HuM, JeM, Brigade 313 and al Qaeda"
460:
353:
The kidnappings were widely covered by western press and helped bring terrorism in
274:
270:
143:
Six western tourists and their two guides were kidnapped in the Liddarwat area of
1312:
341:
presented the information about FSK's missions in Kashmir without prejudice. The
310:
199:
159:
97:
965:
892:"IndoPak: New book claims India-backed group killed kidnapped Kashmir tourists"
359:
79:
1377:
1351:
1230:
1208:
Warten auf ein Zeichen / Seit einem Jahr schweigen die EntfĂĽhrer in Kaschmir.
645:
506:
385:
239:
231:
1341:
833:"Middlesbrough hostage Keith Mangan abducted in Kashmir 20 years ago today"
695:"Middlesbrough hostage Keith Mangan abducted in Kashmir 20 years ago today"
464:
375:
363:
1358:
637:
291:
970:
401:
258:
215:
75:
1177:
366:
was subsequently released in exchange for passengers aboard hijacked
235:
625:
389:
163:
144:
101:
43:
1268:
998:
516:
416:
388:, accused of being one of the kidnappers, was reported killed in
354:
330:
1176:"Indian police exhume body, believed to be of Western hostage",
404:, Pakistani militant, suspected of involvement in the kidnapping
285:
In May 1996, a captured militant told Indian investigators and
230:
The six victims included two British tourists, Keith Mangan of
1250:
1245:
419:
and Norwegian tourists killed by Islamists in Morocco in 2018
334:
207:
269:, New Delhi, where a postmortem was conducted by Professor
994:"Did pro-India militias kill Western tourists in Kashmir?"
463:
was formed as a splinter group of Harkat-ul-Mujahideen by
1328:
1219:"American tricks captors in Kashmir and bolts to freedom"
1078:
760:
American Tricks Captors in Kashmir and Bolts to Freedom
413:
Murders of Louisa Vesterager Jespersen and Maren Ueland
294:
and Catherine Scott-Clark claim however, in their book
1142:"EntfĂĽhrer in Kaschmir drohen erneut mit Geiselmord".
125:
Release of Harkat-ul-Ansar leaders and other militants
778:
Kashmiri Rebels Decapitate Captive Norwegian Tourist
742:
Hijacking Revives Saga of Kashmir Kidnappings in '95
555:
Kashmiri Rebels Decapitate Captive Norwegian Tourist
1149:Qaiser Mirza, "American Flees Captors in Kashmir",
345:has never admitted such an action had taken place.
155:, India on 4 July 1995 by forty militants from the
1057:Exhumed Body Is of British Hostage, India Confirms
309:Al-Faran has been determined to be a pseudonym of
166:, in order to secure the release of Harkat leader
1348:Kaschmirgeiseln: Seit zweieinhalb Jahren entfĂĽhrt
577:Center for International Security and Cooperation
1375:
874:"No Answers for Wife of U.S. Hostage in Kashmir"
313:; however HuA has denied having any ties to it.
250:; a German student, Dirk Hasert (14 August 1969–
1361:8. Juli 1995: Dirk Hasert in Kaschmir entfĂĽhrt
1039:No Answers for Wife of U.S. Hostage in Kashmir
35:1995 kidnapping of western tourists in Kashmir
1156:"Kaschmir-Geiseln wurden in Dorf gesichtet",
408:1994 kidnappings of western tourists in India
204:1994 kidnappings of western tourists in India
306:in 1995 or 1996 to contest local elections.
1319:Al Faran and the Hostage Crisis in Kashmir
1321:, SAPRA India Foundation, (10 March 1996)
966:"Top counter-insurgent killed in J&K"
918:"Jammu & Kashmir - Political Parties"
814:Worry Rising For Hostages Seized in India
1429:Terrorist incidents in Jammu and Kashmir
1254:(in Norwegian BokmĂĄl). 23 September 2001
1246:"-Spesialkommandoen skulle befri Osterø"
1216:
1135:"Erneut Urlauber in Kaschmir vermisst",
1026:"-Spesialkommandoen skulle befri Osterø"
447:
445:
443:
135:Incident Summary for GTDID: 199507040010
157:Kashmiri Islamist militant organisation
14:
1376:
717:"'New age of terror' has Spokane link"
871:
440:
190:In 1989, Kashmiri militants began an
1464:Terrorist incidents in India in 1995
1266:
986:
623:
550:
548:
501:
499:
302:, who organized themselves into the
1399:Islamic terrorist incidents in 1995
1075:Tests dispute Kashmir body identity
753:
24:
534:Fifth Tourist Kidnapped in Kashmir
451:Harkat-ul-Ansar was the merger of
25:
1480:
1309:In memory of Hans Christian Ostro
1288:
1217:Carvajal, Doreen (10 July 1995).
1163:"Indien. Ein Grab im Dschungel",
853:from the original on 13 July 2011
617:
590:
545:
496:
316:
182:for the four on 28 January 2003.
1267:Vatn, Vegar (23 November 2020).
1197:Dirk Hasert, Geisel in Kaschmir.
697:. Gazettelive.co.uk. 4 July 2005
1178:BBC Summary of World Broadcasts
1129:
1100:
1084:
1068:
1050:
1032:
1018:
1002:. 18 April 2012. Archived from
958:
932:
910:
884:
865:
839:
825:
807:
789:
771:
735:
709:
687:
176:Government of Jammu and Kashmir
872:Burns, John F. (6 July 1997).
660:
566:
527:
480:
110:
13:
1:
1459:Missing person cases in India
1325:Profile: Maulana Masood Azhar
474:
343:Norwegian Ministry of Defence
251:
225:
185:
1469:Attacks on tourists in India
1336:Kaschmir: Terror im Paradies
1144:Associated Press Worldstream
940:"Jolt to counter insurgency"
348:
7:
1454:Islamism-related beheadings
395:
10:
1485:
1419:Islamic terrorism in India
1389:1990s missing person cases
1384:1990s in Jammu and Kashmir
896:Public Radio International
624:Rath, Saroj Kumar (2020).
368:Indian Airlines Flight 814
327:Forsvarets Spesialkommando
321:According to the US-based
246:, and Donald Hutchings of
27:1995 kidnapping in Kashmir
1299:Global Terrorism Database
1095:South Asia Analysis Group
673:Global Terrorism Database
603:Counter Extremism Project
598:"Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh"
581:Foreign Service Institute
491:Global Terrorism Database
453:Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami
339:Terrorism Research Center
323:Terrorism Research Center
162:, under the pseudonym of
129:
121:
108:
93:
85:
69:
54:
39:
34:
1439:Kidnappings by Islamists
1409:July 1995 events in Asia
433:
1444:Kidnapping in the 1990s
1424:Hostage taking in India
630:SSRN Electronic Journal
372:Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh
304:Patriotic Peoples Front
212:Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh
1394:1995 murders in India
796:Kidnapped book review
573:Harakat-ul-Mujahedeen
512:TheFreeDictionary.com
244:Simsbury, Connecticut
170:and other militants.
113: of participants
1449:Kidnappings in India
1331:, (16 December 2002)
1188:Agence France Presse
822:, (13 December 1995)
750:, (31 December 1999)
721:The Spokesman-Review
638:10.2139/ssrn.3704948
521:Princeton University
457:Harkat-ul-Mujahideen
279:Maulana Masood Azhar
18:Hans Christian Ostro
1213:, 27 November 1996.
1167:, 30 December 1996.
1160:, 31 December 1995.
1137:SĂĽddeutsche Zeitung
585:Stanford University
392:in September 2004.
248:Spokane, Washington
1434:Rao administration
1354:(17 November 1997)
1344:, (28 August 1995)
1223:The New York Times
1180:, 27 October 2000.
1065:, (6 January 2000)
1044:The New York Times
920:. peacekashmir.org
878:The New York Times
819:The New York Times
801:The New York Times
783:The New York Times
765:The New York Times
747:The New York Times
723:. 21 December 2014
563:, (14 August 1995)
560:The New York Times
539:The New York Times
423:Beheading in Islam
234:and Paul Wells of
180:death certificates
1315:, (9 August 2001)
1204:, 16 August 1995.
1151:Chicago Sun-Times
1081:, (27 March 2000)
1062:Los Angeles Times
944:The Milli Gazette
428:Islamic terrorism
380:Karachi, Pakistan
300:Hizbul Mujahideen
242:, John Childs of
222:under that name.
220:Anantnag district
196:Jammu and Kashmir
153:Jammu and Kashmir
149:Anantnag district
141:
140:
48:Jammu and Kashmir
16:(Redirected from
1476:
1414:Kashmir conflict
1404:July 1995 crimes
1366:
1295:Incident Summary
1284:
1282:
1280:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1211:Berliner Zeitung
1201:Berliner Zeitung
1158:Associated Press
1124:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1114:on 10 April 2018
1110:. Archived from
1104:
1098:
1088:
1082:
1072:
1066:
1054:
1048:
1036:
1030:
1029:
1022:
1016:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1006:on 21 April 2012
990:
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983:
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843:
837:
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811:
805:
793:
787:
786:, 14 August 1995
775:
769:
768:, (10 July 1995)
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751:
739:
733:
732:
730:
728:
713:
707:
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691:
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594:
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570:
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543:
531:
525:
524:
503:
494:
487:Incident Summary
484:
468:
461:Jaish-e-Muhammad
449:
256:
253:
192:armed insurgency
137:
112:
65:
63:
32:
31:
21:
1484:
1483:
1479:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1474:
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1374:
1373:
1357:
1313:Daily Excelsior
1291:
1278:
1276:
1257:
1255:
1244:
1235:
1233:
1153:, 10 July 1995.
1146:, 11 July 1995.
1139:, 12 July 1995.
1132:
1127:
1117:
1115:
1106:
1105:
1101:
1089:
1085:
1073:
1069:
1055:
1051:
1047:, (6 July 1997)
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1024:
1023:
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1009:
1007:
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991:
987:
977:
975:
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804:, 9 August 1998
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542:, (9 July 1995)
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528:
505:
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497:
485:
481:
477:
472:
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450:
441:
436:
398:
351:
319:
311:Harkat-ul-Ansar
254:
228:
200:Harkat-ul-Ansar
188:
160:Harkat-ul-Ansar
133:
114:
98:Harkat-ul-Ansar
72:
61:
59:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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1471:
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1426:
1421:
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1396:
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1372:
1371:
1365:. 6 July 2006.
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1345:
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1290:
1289:External links
1287:
1286:
1285:
1275:(in Norwegian)
1273:Tønsbergs Blad
1264:
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1214:
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1194:
1191:
1190:, 12 May 2004.
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974:. 16 June 2001
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898:. 3 April 2012
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835:. 4 July 2015.
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1352:Rhein-Zeitung
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1165:Focus Magazin
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946:. 1 July 2001
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1342:FOCUS Online
1335:
1277:. Retrieved
1272:
1256:. Retrieved
1249:
1234:. Retrieved
1222:
1210:
1199:
1130:Bibliography
1116:. Retrieved
1112:the original
1102:
1086:
1070:
1060:
1052:
1042:
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364:Masood Azhar
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370:along with
292:Adrian Levy
271:T. D. Dogra
255: 1995
71:Attack type
62:4 July 1995
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1378:Categories
1279:8 December
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1236:8 December
971:Rediff.com
668:"Al-Faran"
507:"Al Faran"
475:References
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333:region of
296:The Meadow
226:Kidnapping
216:Tihar Jail
186:Background
76:Kidnapping
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654:240721894
646:1556-5068
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277:militant
275:Pakistani
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236:Blackburn
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390:Pakistan
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