712:. It was registered on 2 April 2004 with registration number 1832. The bridge is significant for its previous transport function, for its association with several early engineers in Christchurch, for its high regard with the public, as this was central to Victoria Square's redevelopment in the 1980s, and as the first cast iron bridge in New Zealand. It is also notable for its commemoration of the significance of Victoria Square and, through plaques, of the tram system and Hamish Hay, and for establishing the neo-gothic style for Avon River bridges, which was subsequently adopted at another five bridges.
561:, for being of a much more complex and expensive construction type than would have been necessary, yet they questioned whether the abutments would even withhold the lateral forces induced by the reasonably flat girders. The total cost of the bridge was reported to the Town Council as £3,410 10s. At the same time, ownership of the bridge was transferred from the Provincial Council to the Town Council. The Provincial Council allocated a further £300 to the project, and thus paid £3,300 towards the total costs.
565:
636:
546:'s foundry at a cost of over £300; Anderson had wrought iron plates riveted over the cracks. Wright constructed solid square stone blocks for the girders to terminate in, and the bridge was built at a width of 27 feet 6 inches (8.38 m). It opened on 28 September 1864 with considerable ceremony, with four guards placed at the bridge the previous evening so that nobody would cross it prior to the opening ceremony. The honour of opening the bridge fell to
33:
388:
379:
Christchurch was 21s to 24s depending on quality, but only 7s in
Papanui Bush, with the balance the cost of carting, which demonstrates the importance of making transport easier. The bridge was also referred to as the Market Place Bridge, as it was the centrally located in the square that was initially known as Market Place.
608:
The bridge was widened in 1875 to a design by Samuel A'Court. Wing piers were added and outrigger wooden footpaths were added. The wing piers are documented on a commemorative plaque, but the description is technically incorrect, as the piers are not load-bearing structural elements. In
October 1877,
514:
In August 1863, it was resolved for lights to be installed by the
Christchurch Town Council on the Colombo and Papanui bridges, so that pedestrians could find their way to the safe crossing points at night. But before this happened, the Provincial Secretary wrote to the town council on 18 September
344:
and to the northern hinterland. The northern diagonal crosses the Avon in an area that was set aside as a market square. A simple bridge was built to cross the river in March 1852 in the location of the current bridge. The road that the bridge served was originally called
Whately Road, named after
378:
Bush, some 6.5 kilometres (4.0 mi) away and at the time the end of the road. Papanui Bush was one of only two forests on the
Canterbury Plains and thus an important source of building material and firewood; the bridge thus became known as the Papanui Bridge. In 1852, the price of firewood in
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on the corner of Durham and
Kilmore Streets. Part of the bridge deck was removed to make the cast iron girders visible, and tram tracks were incorporated into the design as a reminder of the transport history. At the same time, the bridge was renamed after the outgoing mayor,
542:, whose winning tender was £2,375. Wright began his work in January 1864, whilst the iron girders did not arrive in Lyttelton until July of that year. However, the journey by sea had been rough, and shifting cargo had caused three of the girders to crack. This was repaired at
515:
1863, requesting that
Papanui Bridge be closed for all cart traffic until such time that a new bridge can be constructed. The City Surveyor duly advertised the closure the next day, also advising of a temporary footbridge to be constructed to which the light would be fitted.
321:; a commemorative bronze plaque is affixed to the bridge's guard rail in the middle of the structure to honor Hay's services. The bridge, the oldest heritage feature in the square, is also the country's oldest cast iron and stone bridge. It survived the
400:, and cost £294. By 1857, Papanui Bush was exhausted and timber had to be carted from much further away, and carts with 16 to 20 bullocks regularly crossed the bridge. A one-day traffic count from January 1862 shows the following survey results:
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In 1885, only ten years after the last occasion, the bridge was widened again, this time to its ultimate width of 20.1 metres (66 ft), which is the standard legal (i.e. boundary to boundary) width of most roads in the central city of one
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arch at
Victoria Bridge; it was the most impressive of all the arches. Nine semi-circular arches spanned the width of the bridge, and rose to a height of 6.6 metres (22 ft). The royal visitors had been invited by the mayor,
604:
was swept away. The
Gloucester Street suspension footbridge and the much more substantial Victoria Bridge survived the flood without damage, and the Madras Street and Stanmore Road bridges further downstream were also undamaged.
683:
route, trams were replaced by buses. In July 1989, Victoria Street through
Victoria Square was closed to motorised traffic in preparation for the square to be turned into an urban park, and to enable the construction of the
395:
This first single-lane cart bridge was replaced by a structure 16 feet (4.9 m) wide in February 1856. Construction took 13 days, during which it was closed for traffic, was supervised by the Provincial Engineer,
554:
of Lyttelton. Ollivier broke a bottle of champagne on the bridge to declare it open, and it fell to Donald to officially name it Victoria Bridge. The new bridge was heavily criticised by one of the local newspapers,
1836:
510:
due to its strategic importance. The Provincial Council decided in 1862 to replace the bridge, and originally budgeted £2,000 to do so. This was increased by a further £1,000 before construction started.
596:'s house, located on the corner of Worcester Street and Oxford Terrace and thus only some 400 metres (1,300 ft) upstream from the Victoria Bridge, the water was 3 feet (0.91 m) deep. The
632:. The work was undertaken by Walter Bory Scott, who at the same time constructed the nearby Worcester Street Bridge; this other bridge is also registered as a Category II heritage structure.
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50:
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undamaged. Architectural features include the bridge arch and the balustrade's neo-gothic ornamentation. The bridge is registered as a Category II heritage structure with the
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arranged for a first bridge to be erected in the market square, and this was done in March 1852. The bridge gave access from Christchurch to the 36 hectares (89 acres)
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arrived in Christchurch on 22 June 1901. A number of arches of greenery were erected in their honour, and the last one for them to pass through was the
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1826:
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in London to design a more substantial bridge. Fox and Henderson Co. was also charged with tendering the work, and the commission for wrought iron
1600:
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at a cost of £605. A delay was caused by the girders being found to be deficient, and they had to be recast before shipping to New Zealand.
758:
who is writing a book on the history of Victoria Square, regards the Hamish Hay Bridge the most important heritage bridge in Christchurch.
672:
in honour of the Queen, as a jubilee memorial for the Canterbury pioneers, but also as a memorial to those soldiers who had died in the
340:
was surveyed in 1850 with a regular grid layout, interrupted by the Avon River and two diagonal roads making connections to the port in
1841:
1821:
592:. The flood water reached Christchurch at 10 am of the following day and rose rapidly and that evening, the city was under water. In
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Meanwhile, the local bridge design was undertaken by the Assistant Provincial Engineer, James Wylde, and the site works awarded to
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After settlement of Christchurch having started in December 1850, the Society of Land Purchasers under the chairmanship of
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On 10 September 1954, the last timetabled tram service in Christchurch crossed the bridge; with the demise of the Papanuiâ
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along Whately and Papanui Roads on 5 June 1880, and by August the line had been extended to reach its terminus at the
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presented a petition to the city council to have Whately Road renamed to Victoria Street, which was acceded to.
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On the same day, the other neo-gothic bridges were also registered (downstream to upstream):
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was washed downstream by a distance of 150 yards (140 m), and the north end of the
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The Canterbury foothills were hit by a severe rainstorm on 3 February 1868, and the
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The Hamish Hay Bridge is registered as a Category II heritage item by the
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1837:
Heritage New Zealand Category 2 historic places in the Canterbury Region
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32:
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as chairman of the Christchurch Town Council, and Dr William Donald as
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was set up, but the bridge initially remained under the control of the
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Advertisement advising of the closure of the bridge in September 1863
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The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Canterbury Provincial District
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Victoria Bridge decorated with the floral arches in honour of the
568:
Market Place in 1864 during the construction of the Papanui Bridge
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528:
1441:. Vol. XXVIII, no. 3823. 23 October 1877. p. 3
1254:. Vol. XXII, no. 1297. 29 September 1864. p. 4
313:, New Zealand. Built in 1864, it was renamed in 1989 for Sir
1065:. Vol. XVIII, no. 1050. 3 December 1862. p. 3
1205:. Vol. III, no. 278. 21 September 1863. p. 3
1177:. Vol. XX, no. 1133. 19 September 1863. p. 4
1149:. Vol. III, no. 284. 28 September 1863. p. 2
1093:. Vol. III, no. 281. 24 September 1863. p. 2
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1413:. Vol. XII, no. 1637. 6 February 1868. p. 2
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1338:. Vol. V, no. 598. 29 September 1864. p. 2
1310:. Vol. V, no. 597. 28 September 1864. p. 2
1282:. Vol. V, no. 598. 29 September 1864. p. 2
1013:. Vol. V, no. 595. 26 September 1864. p. 2
1795:
Bridging the Gap: Early Bridges in New Zealand 1830â1939
1217:
1121:. Vol. III, no. 238. 5 August 1863. p. 3
1355:
1353:
965:. Vol. II, no. 62. 13 March 1852. p. 5
909:. Vol. I, no. 52. 3 January 1852. p. 4
881:. Vol. I, no. 39. 4 October 1851. p. 5
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1601:"Keep cars out of Victoria Square's peaceful haven"
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999:
997:
1797:. Birkenhead, Auckland, New Zealand: Reed Books.
1748:Cyclopedia Company Limited (1903). "St. Albans".
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1772:From the Banks of the Avon: The Story of a River
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588:), entering the headwater of the Avon River at
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731:Gloucester Street Bridge, built in circa 1883
616:Steam trams started their regular service to
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873:"Meeting of the Society of Land Purchasers"
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1628:"Hamish Hay Bridge Commemorative Plaques"
1505:. No. 3841. 9 August 1880. p. 2
785:
523:The provincial government contracted Sir
1827:Buildings and structures in Christchurch
1792:
1720:New Zealand Heritage List/RÄrangi KÅrero
1691:New Zealand Heritage List/RÄrangi KÅrero
1662:New Zealand Heritage List/RÄrangi KÅrero
1586:
1532:New Zealand Heritage List/RÄrangi KÅrero
1380:New Zealand Heritage List/RÄrangi KÅrero
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818:New Zealand Heritage List/RÄrangi KÅrero
703:
696:The bridge appears to have survived the
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563:
518:
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1467:. No. 3787. 4 June 1880. p. 2
768:List of historic places in Christchurch
382:
1814:
668:, to lay the foundation stone for the
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249:Heritage New Zealand â Category 2
1778:, Auckland, New Zealand: Reed Books.
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1634:. 13 September 2011. Archived from
13:
844:"Christchurch Street Names T to V"
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16:Bridge in Christchurch, New Zeland
14:
1853:
1842:1860s architecture in New Zealand
710:New Zealand Historic Places Trust
327:New Zealand Historic Places Trust
1822:Bridges in the Canterbury Region
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1486:Cyclopedia Company Limited 1903
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754:professor in history from the
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1:
1756:The Cyclopedia of New Zealand
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773:Victoria Square, Christchurch
508:Canterbury Provincial Council
311:Victoria Square, Christchurch
113:Victoria Square, Christchurch
929:"Christchurch: A Chronology"
657:Duchess of Cornwall and York
645:Duchess of Cornwall and York
7:
1793:Thornton, Geoffrey (2001).
1573:Christchurch City Libraries
933:Christchurch City Libraries
851:Christchurch City Libraries
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332:
216:28 September 1864
10:
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1687:"Gloucester Street Bridge"
1569:"The Christchurch Tramway"
360:
353:, who was a member of the
196:James Wylde (Christchurch)
1832:Bridges completed in 1864
1632:Christchurch City Council
1528:"Worcester Street Bridge"
1005:"The Market Place Bridge"
741:Armagh Street Park Bridge
504:Christchurch Town Council
309:) is a bridge located in
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1770:Lamb, Robert C. (1981).
814:"Victoria Street Bridge"
778:
756:University of Canterbury
576:broke its banks between
67:43.527778°S 172.635278°E
1376:"Colombo Street Bridge"
735:Worcester Street Bridge
598:Worcester Street Bridge
301:and initially variably
1658:"Armagh Street Bridge"
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569:
531:went to Head Ashby of
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355:Canterbury Association
295:Victoria Street Bridge
126:Victoria Street Bridge
72:-43.527778; 172.635278
1599:(23 September 2011).
901:"The Lyttelton Times"
737:, built in circa 1883
728:, built in circa 1883
722:, built in circa 1902
720:Colombo Street Bridge
704:Heritage registration
670:Queen Victoria Statue
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602:Colombo Street Bridge
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519:Present bridge (1864)
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319:Mayor of Christchurch
94:pedestrians, cyclists
1724:Heritage New Zealand
1695:Heritage New Zealand
1666:Heritage New Zealand
1536:Heritage New Zealand
1384:Heritage New Zealand
1330:"Provincial Council"
1057:"Provincial Council"
822:Heritage New Zealand
726:Armagh Street Bridge
540:Edward George Wright
383:Second bridge (1856)
347:Archbishop of Dublin
207:Edward George Wright
159:Steel, concrete deck
1638:on 12 February 2013
1461:"Local and General"
552:resident magistrate
502:In March 1862, the
366:First bridge (1852)
307:Market Place Bridge
135:Market Place Bridge
62: /
1246:"Town and Country"
1169:"Town and Country"
842:Harper, Margaret.
649:
570:
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264:Reference no.
37:The bridge in 2013
1034:, pp. 79â80.
624:railway station.
574:Waimakariri River
500:
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474:cows and bullocks
291:Hamish Hay Bridge
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151:cast iron girders
78:Hamish Hay Bridge
25:Hamish Hay Bridge
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743:, built in 1885
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698:2011 earthquake
686:Parkroyal Hotel
674:Second Boer War
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351:Richard Whately
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323:2011 earthquake
299:Victoria Bridge
293:(also known as
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1488:, p. 389.
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1433:"City Council"
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1302:"City Council"
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1235:, p. 243.
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1141:"City Council"
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1113:"City Council"
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1085:"Christchurch"
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957:"Christchurch"
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1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1806:
1804:0-7900-0810-6
1800:
1796:
1791:
1787:
1785:0-589-01352-1
1781:
1777:
1773:
1768:
1757:
1753:
1752:
1746:
1745:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1716:"Park Bridge"
1711:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1682:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1653:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1623:
1608:
1607:
1602:
1598:
1592:
1590:
1574:
1570:
1564:
1558:, p. 82.
1557:
1552:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1523:
1521:
1504:
1500:
1494:
1487:
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1466:
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1434:
1428:
1412:
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1406:
1400:
1385:
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1371:
1369:
1362:, p. 37.
1361:
1356:
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1337:
1336:
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1309:
1308:
1303:
1297:
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1241:
1234:
1233:Thornton 2001
1229:
1227:
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1221:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1192:
1176:
1175:
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1164:
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1120:
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1052:
1046:, p. 80.
1045:
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1033:
1028:
1012:
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1006:
1000:
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991:, p. 79.
990:
985:
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823:
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799:
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793:
791:
789:
784:
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771:
769:
766:
765:
759:
757:
753:
749:
748:Geoffrey Rice
742:
739:
736:
733:
730:
727:
724:
721:
718:
717:
716:
713:
711:
701:
699:
694:
692:
687:
682:
677:
675:
671:
667:
666:Arthur Rhodes
662:
658:
654:
646:
642:
637:
633:
631:
625:
623:
619:
614:
612:
606:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
566:
562:
560:
559:
553:
549:
548:John Ollivier
545:
544:John Anderson
541:
536:
534:
530:
526:
516:
512:
509:
505:
496:
493:
490:
489:
486:
483:
480:
479:
476:
473:
470:
469:
466:
464:saddle horses
463:
460:
459:
455:
452:
449:
448:
444:
441:
438:
437:
433:
430:
427:
426:
422:
420:bullock drays
419:
416:
415:
411:
408:
405:
404:
401:
399:
398:Edward Dobson
389:
380:
377:
373:
372:Guise Brittan
358:
356:
352:
348:
343:
339:
330:
328:
324:
320:
316:
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308:
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297:; previously
296:
292:
283:
278:
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245:
241:
237:
235:
234:Daily traffic
231:
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199:
193:
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177:
170:
166:
162:
158:
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125:
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122:
120:Other name(s)
118:
115:, New Zealand
114:
111:
107:
104:
101:
97:
93:
89:
84:
47:
45:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
1794:
1771:
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1750:
1727:. Retrieved
1719:
1710:
1698:. Retrieved
1690:
1681:
1669:. Retrieved
1661:
1652:
1640:. Retrieved
1636:the original
1622:
1610:. Retrieved
1604:
1576:. Retrieved
1563:
1551:
1539:. Retrieved
1531:
1507:. Retrieved
1502:
1493:
1481:
1469:. Retrieved
1464:
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1443:. Retrieved
1436:
1427:
1415:. Retrieved
1408:
1399:
1387:. Retrieved
1379:
1340:. Retrieved
1333:
1324:
1312:. Retrieved
1305:
1296:
1284:. Retrieved
1277:
1268:
1256:. Retrieved
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1240:
1207:. Retrieved
1200:
1191:
1179:. Retrieved
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1163:
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1144:
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1123:. Retrieved
1116:
1107:
1095:. Retrieved
1088:
1079:
1067:. Retrieved
1060:
1051:
1039:
1027:
1015:. Retrieved
1008:
967:. Retrieved
960:
936:. Retrieved
923:
911:. Retrieved
904:
895:
883:. Retrieved
876:
867:
855:. Retrieved
853:. p. 88
837:
825:. Retrieved
817:
746:
714:
707:
695:
678:
650:
647:in June 1901
626:
615:
611:George Gould
607:
571:
556:
537:
522:
513:
501:
423:58 bullocks
394:
369:
338:Christchurch
336:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
289:
259:2 April 2004
18:
1405:"The Flood"
1274:"The Press"
700:undamaged.
525:Charles Fox
494:pedestrians
453:donkey cart
442:horse carts
431:horse drays
192:Charles Fox
70: /
57:172°38â²07â³E
44:Coordinates
1816:Categories
1742:References
1499:"The Star"
691:Hamish Hay
661:government
445:51 horses
434:66 horses
315:Hamish Hay
256:Designated
228:Statistics
220:1864-09-28
103:Avon River
76: (
54:43°31â²40â³S
1776:Bayswater
1761:16 August
1729:16 August
1700:16 August
1671:16 August
1642:13 August
1612:13 August
1606:The Press
1578:16 August
1556:Lamb 1981
1541:15 August
1509:16 August
1471:16 August
1445:16 August
1438:The Press
1417:17 August
1410:The Press
1389:16 August
1360:Lamb 1981
1342:16 August
1335:The Press
1314:16 August
1307:The Press
1286:16 August
1279:The Press
1258:16 August
1209:17 August
1202:The Press
1181:16 August
1153:17 August
1146:The Press
1125:17 August
1118:The Press
1097:17 August
1090:The Press
1069:17 August
1044:Lamb 1981
1032:Lamb 1981
1017:14 August
1010:The Press
989:Lamb 1981
969:17 August
938:14 August
913:14 August
885:14 August
857:16 August
827:13 August
618:St Albans
594:Dr Barker
578:Courtenay
558:The Press
456:1 donkey
342:Lyttelton
1503:The Star
1465:The Star
762:See also
752:emeritus
681:Cashmere
590:Avonhead
333:Location
280:Location
194:(London)
188:Designer
175:of spans
156:Material
622:Papanui
582:Halkett
529:girders
376:Papanui
361:History
218: (
183:History
99:Crosses
91:Carries
1801:
1782:
586:Kirwee
584:(near
412:notes
406:Count
213:Opened
167:20.1 m
148:Design
109:Locale
847:(PDF)
779:Notes
750:, an
630:chain
484:sheep
409:type
164:Width
1799:ISBN
1780:ISBN
1763:2013
1731:2013
1702:2013
1673:2013
1644:2013
1614:2013
1580:2013
1543:2013
1511:2013
1473:2013
1447:2013
1419:2013
1391:2013
1344:2013
1316:2013
1288:2013
1260:2013
1211:2013
1183:2013
1155:2013
1127:2013
1099:2013
1071:2013
1019:2013
971:2013
940:2013
915:2013
887:2013
859:2013
829:2013
655:and
653:Duke
651:The
643:and
641:Duke
580:and
491:1000
345:the
305:and
267:1832
238:none
481:204
461:199
173:No.
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