255:
843:
clock rate for a bit-serial structure can sometimes be increased since additional area can be allocated for larger integrated devices that are necessary for greater speed. In the HP-35, the execution time of the most complex functions is under one second, while the serial architecture permits an increased circuit complexity. Instructions in the HP-35 are transferred serially from the active read-only memory to the arithmetic and control circuits and to other ROMs if present.
40:
532:
One high-quality feature of the HP-35 was its use of double-injected keys. Rather than printing the function on the key surface where it could wear off over time and use as with cheaper calculators, the keys were constructed with two colors of plastic, providing durable key top labels for the labeled
842:
serial type The serial structure means less integrated circuit area must be allocated to interconnection lines and gating functions and an interesting trade off occurs. A bit-serial, digit-serial architecture is inherently one fourth the speed of a bit-parallel digit-serial structure But the basic
286:
assembled into a removable proprietary battery pack. Replacement battery packs are no longer available, leaving existing HP-35 calculators to rely on AC power, or their users to rebuild the battery packs themselves using available cells. An external battery charger was available, and the calculator
278:
plus its sign. The display used a unique form of multiplexing, illuminating a single LED segment at a time rather than a single LED digit, because HP research had shown that this method was perceived by the human eye as brighter for equivalent power. Light-emitting diodes were relatively new at the
525:
The LED display power requirement was responsible for the HP-35's short battery life between charges—about three hours. To extend operating time and avoid wearing out the on/off slide switch, users would press the decimal point key to force the display to illuminate just a single LED
438:, a less expensive follow-on to the HP-65, provided storage for smaller programs, but didn't provide any external storage. The timer that was already present on the HP-45 was now crystal-controlled to achieve the needed accuracy and explicitly documented.
415:
added many more features, including the ability to control the output format (rather than the purely automatic format of the HP-35). It also contained an undocumented timer feature. The timer worked, but was not accurate enough to use as a
399:(x, y, z and t), the "enter" key pushed the displayed value (x) down the stack. Any binary operation popped the top two registers and pushed the result. When the stack was popped, the t register duplicated into the z register.
540:
soon thereafter signaled the demise of the slide rule among science and engineering students. Slide rule holsters rapidly gave way to "electronic slide rule" holsters, and colleges began to drop slide-rule classes from their
215:
were the only practical portable devices for performing trigonometric and exponential functions, as existing pocket calculators could only perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Introduced at
529:
The HP-35 calculated arithmetic, logarithmic, and trigonometric functions but the complete implementation used only 767 carefully chosen instructions (7670 bits).
1539:
1571:
1274:
1576:
1561:
1385:
1380:
505:
The HP-35 was 5.8 inches (150 mm) long and 3.2 inches (81 mm) wide, said to have been designed to fit into one of
William Hewlett's shirt pockets.
1566:
616:
How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a
Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda
692:
876:
1659:
544:
100,000 HP-35 calculators were sold in the first year, and over 300,000 by the time it was discontinued in 1975β3Β½ years after its introduction.
262:
The calculator used a traditional floating decimal display for numbers that could be displayed in that format, but automatically switched to
720:
651:
456:
was a smaller, cheaper model of a programmable scientific calculator without magnetic card reader, with features much like the HP-65. The
738:
1433:
1249:
969:
793:"Part I. Basic Computer Architecture. / Chapter 3. Introduction to Calculators: / 3-5. Example Systems / The Hewlett Packard HP-35"
636:
How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a
Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1375:
1370:
1305:
1300:
1295:
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988:
448:
The HP-80 and cheaper HP-70 provided financial, rather than scientific functions, such as future value and net present value.
228:(RPN) rather than what came to be called "algebraic" entry. The "35" in the calculator's name came from the number of keys.
584:
468:
capabilities for both the display and the keyboard. Four external ports below the display area allowed memory expansion (
812:
804:
792:
1117:
1112:
464:
memory so that programs were not lost when the calculator was switched off. It was the first calculator to offer
396:
962:
763:
643:
623:
880:
231:
The original HP-35 was available from 1972 to 1975. In 2007 HP announced the release of the "retro"-look
892:
A thorough analysis of the HP-35 firmware including the CORDIC algorithms and the bugs in the early ROM.
1602:
1597:
788:
200:
1664:
522:
Is the first pocket calculator with a numeric range that covered 200 decades (more precise 199, Β±10).
496:
and HP-28S added much more memory and a substantially different, more powerful programming metaphor.
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1654:
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908:
452:
Follow-on calculators used varying mechanical packaging but most were operationally similar. The
243:
225:
184:
19:
This article is about the first HP pocket calculator. For the calculator introduced in 2007, see
724:
671:
1612:
634:
614:
283:
407:
The HP-35 was the start of a family of related calculators with similar mechanical packaging:
221:
103:
58:
839:
307:
267:
188:
100:
235:
to commemorate the 35th anniversary of the launch of the original HP-35. It was priced at
8:
1554:
1549:
796:
564:
263:
220: (equivalent to $ 2,900 in 2023), like HP's first scientific calculator, the desktop
1071:
1031:
672:"Retro HP 35s Launched to Commemorate 35th Anniversary of First HP Handheld Calculator"
421:
291:
279:
time and were much dimmer than high-efficiency diodes developed in subsequent decades.
1081:
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1021:
859:
1544:
1086:
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1016:
818:
808:
693:"Milestones:Development of the HP-35, the First Handheld Scientific Calculator, 1972"
588:
537:
254:
176:
47:
24:
896:
Tom
Osborne's Story in his own words - the invention of the HP 9100, HP 35 and HP 65
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630:
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172:
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275:
89:
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expanded on the programmability of the HP-65, and added fully merged keycodes.
1648:
1169:
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1426:
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764:"HP Virtual Museum: Hewlett-Packard-35 handheld scientific calculator, 1972"
937:
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could also run from the charger, with or without batteries installed.
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1127:
943:
HP-35 Calculator
Emulator (JavaScript; original ROM or bug-fixed ROM)
417:
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C was a major advance in programmability and capacity, and offered
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modules) and interfacing a wide variety of peripherals including
295:
208:
139:
Internal rechargeable battery or 115/230 V AC, 5 W
1159:
822:
536:
Introduction of the HP-35 and similar scientific calculators by
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added programmability, with program storage on magnetic cards.
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Was the first scientific calculator to fly in space in 1973.
485:
481:
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330:
sin, arc sin; cos, arc cos; tan, arc tan (decimal degrees)
926:
849:
CODEX 99 'The HP-35 Consumer
Electronics, an Origin Story'
290:
Internally, the calculator was organized around a serial (
469:
126:
Four-register operational stack with one memory register.
877:"The slide rule killer: a milestone in computer history"
904:
Interview with Dave
Cochran about the HP 35 Calculator
977:
585:"HP-35 Scientific Calculator Awarded IEEE Milestone"
480:("HP Interface Loop"), a scaled-down version of the
929:(database about 1970s and 1980s pocket calculators)
854:The Museum of HP Calculators' article on the HP-35
274:plus its sign and a decimal point and a two-digit
1646:
715:
713:
113:15 digits (decimal point uses one digit), (Β±10)
933:A list of earliest HP-35 "Red Dot" calculators
270:display was capable of displaying a ten-digit
963:
710:
519:flights, between July 1973 and February 1974.
602:
970:
956:
825:. ark:/13960/t8pc40t3q. Order-Code 13-4005
472:modules), loading of additional programs (
38:
803:. Computer Sciences Series (1 ed.).
629:
609:
253:
938:HP-35 Calculator Simulator (JavaScript)
900:
787:
739:"Calculator, Pocket, Electronic, HP-35"
652:"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800β"
1660:Computer-related introductions in 1972
1647:
511:HP-35 calculators were carried on the
161:height: 0.7β1.3 inches (18β33 mm)
951:
801:Introduction to Computer Architecture
650:Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.
282:The calculator used three "AA"-sized
266:for other numbers. The fifteen-digit
183:pocket calculator: a calculator with
499:
874:
721:"Hewlett-Packard Calculator Firsts"
395:The calculator had a four-register
147:Calculator: 9 oz (260 g),
13:
781:
16:First pocket scientific calculator
14:
1676:
916:
805:Science Research Associates, Inc.
723:. Hewlett-Packard. Archived from
157:Length: 5.8 inches (150 mm),
149:recharger: 5 oz (140 g)
980:Hewlett-Packard (HP) calculators
911:from the original on 2021-12-12.
207:to create a "shirt-pocket sized
159:width: 3.2 inches (81 mm),
756:
731:
685:
664:
577:
402:
249:
1:
743:National Air and Space Museum
570:
191:. It was introduced in 1972.
644:American Antiquarian Society
624:American Antiquarian Society
199:In about 1970 HP co-founder
7:
1284:Scientific non-programmable
697:IEEE Global History Network
548:
10:
1681:
807:(SRA). pp. 118β135 .
587:. Ieee.org. Archived from
492:instrument bus. The later
194:
18:
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95:
85:
80:
72:
64:
54:
37:
901:Leibson, Steven (2007).
306:, representing 14-digit
1106:Scientific programmable
834:The HP-35 is a totally
298:made under contract by
242:The HP-35 was named an
226:reverse Polish notation
1395:Financial and business
304:floating-point numbers
259:
179:and the world's first
46:scientific electronic
23:. For the pistol, see
257:
189:exponential functions
104:seven-segment display
797:Stone, Harold Stuart
302:, processing 56-bit
565:Sinclair Scientific
315:
264:scientific notation
44:HP-35 (1st version)
34:
1627:Emulation software
875:Laporte, Jacques.
789:Whitney, Thomas M.
422:crystal oscillator
313:
260:
32:
1642:
1641:
838:. The adder is a
538:Texas Instruments
500:Calculator trivia
420:due to lack of a
393:
392:
177:pocket calculator
165:
164:
48:pocket calculator
25:Browning Hi-Power
1672:
1665:Serial computers
981:
972:
965:
958:
949:
948:
912:
891:
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879:. Archived from
871:
870:(10). June 1972.
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314:HP-35 functions
312:
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211:". At the time,
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836:serial computer
832:. p. 124:
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782:Further reading
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631:McCusker, J. J.
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258:HP-35 mainboard
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203:challenged his
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173:Hewlett-Packard
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123:Memory register
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1586:Related topics
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917:External links
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860:"HP35 edition"
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727:on 2006-11-05.
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883:on 2022-02-11
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591:on 2012-09-05
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925:pictures on
903:
885:. Retrieved
881:the original
867:
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833:
827:. Retrieved
800:
768:. Retrieved
758:
747:. Retrieved
745:. 2016-03-14
742:
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725:the original
701:. Retrieved
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593:. Retrieved
589:the original
579:
466:alphanumeric
451:
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294:) processor
289:
281:
261:
241:
230:
201:Bill Hewlett
198:
180:
168:
166:
136:Power supply
110:Display size
96:Display type
73:Discontinued
29:
628:1700β1799:
608:1634β1699:
560:France Rode
403:Descendants
335:Logarithms
322:+, β, Γ, Γ·
319:Arithmetic
250:Description
213:slide rules
118:Programming
1649:Categories
1572:OfficeCalc
887:2016-01-01
864:HP Journal
829:2023-09-29
770:2012-05-17
749:2022-02-26
703:2011-08-04
678:2012-05-17
657:2024-02-29
595:2012-05-17
571:References
541:curricula.
224:, it used
205:co-workers
181:scientific
154:Dimensions
86:Entry mode
81:Calculator
65:Introduced
59:Scientific
1577:PrintCalc
1562:QuickCalc
526:junction.
418:stopwatch
310:numbers.
246:in 2009.
237:US$ 59.99
175:'s first
1567:EasyCalc
1427:Prestige
1422:Platinum
1296:6s Solar
989:Graphing
927:MyCalcDB
909:Archived
823:75-14016
791:(1975).
766:. Hp.com
674:. Hp.com
633:(1992).
613:(1997).
549:See also
517:Skylab 4
513:Skylab 3
490:IEEE-488
276:exponent
272:mantissa
1545:CalcPad
1097:Xpander
799:(ed.).
374:√
351:
343:
296:chipset
218:US$ 395
209:HP-9100
195:History
1449:17bII+
1412:10bII+
821:
811:
699:. IEEE
555:CORDIC
494:HP-28C
364:Other
300:Mostek
233:HP 35s
144:Weight
21:HP 35s
1608:FOCAL
1528:Other
1464:19BII
1444:17BII
1407:10bII
1386:300s+
1321:10sII
1270:9100B
1265:9100A
1180:32SII
1092:Prime
1072:48gII
1032:39gII
923:HP-35
795:. In
640:(PDF)
620:(PDF)
533:keys.
478:HP-IL
458:HP-41
454:HP-25
443:HP-67
436:HP-55
429:HP-65
413:HP-45
397:stack
347:; log
292:1-bit
222:9100A
169:HP-35
131:Other
33:HP-35
1381:300s
1316:10s+
1275:9805
1220:41CX
1215:41CV
1082:49g+
1067:48GX
1062:48G+
1052:48SX
1042:40gs
1027:39gs
1022:39g+
819:LCCN
809:ISBN
515:and
486:GPIB
482:HPIB
462:CMOS
441:The
434:The
427:The
411:The
187:and
171:was
167:The
99:Red
76:1975
68:1972
55:Type
1634:16C
1618:CAS
1613:ALG
1603:PPL
1598:RPL
1593:RPN
1555:200
1550:100
1499:38E
1494:38C
1489:37E
1484:30b
1469:20b
1459:19B
1454:18C
1439:17B
1434:14B
1417:12C
1402:10B
1356:32E
1351:31E
1346:30s
1341:27S
1331:22S
1311:10s
1260:97S
1250:95C
1245:71B
1225:42S
1210:41C
1205:35s
1200:34C
1195:33s
1190:33E
1185:33C
1175:32S
1170:29C
1165:25C
1155:21S
1150:20S
1145:19C
1140:16C
1123:15C
1118:11C
1113:10C
1087:50g
1077:49G
1057:48G
1047:48S
1037:40G
1017:39G
1012:38G
1007:28S
1002:28C
840:BCD
474:ROM
470:RAM
339:log
308:BCD
268:LED
101:LED
90:RPN
1651::
1540:10
1535:01
1519:92
1514:81
1509:80
1504:70
1479:27
1474:22
1376:91
1371:46
1366:45
1361:35
1336:27
1326:21
1306:9s
1301:8s
1291:6s
1255:97
1240:67
1235:65
1230:55
1160:25
1133:CE
1128:LE
997:9g
907:.
868:23
866:.
862:.
817:.
741:.
712:^
695:.
642:.
622:.
381:,
372:,
368:1/
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388:Ο
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