332:
532:
132:
700:
35:
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395:
at 120 knots air speed at an altitude of 3,000 feet (910 m), the gunship could put a bullet or glowing red tracer (every fifth round) into every square yard of a football field–sized target in potentially less than 10 seconds. And, as long as its 45-flare and 24,000-round basic load of ammunition held out, it could do this intermittently while loitering over the target for hours.
394:
for circling attacks. At the time the aircraft was known as a "Dragonship", "Puff, the Magic Dragon" or "Spooky" (officially designated FC-47, later corrected to AC-47). Its three 7.62 mm miniguns could selectively fire either 50 or 100 rounds per second. Cruising in an overhead left-hand orbit
628:
The U.S. Army also experimented with H-34 gunships armed with M2 .50 caliber machine-guns and 2.75-inch rockets. In
September 1971, a CH-34 was armed with two M2 .50 caliber machine guns, four M1919 .30 caliber machine guns, forty 2.75-inch rockets, two 5-inch high velocity aerial rockets (HVAR),
191:
raids for long-range escort duties as "flying destroyer gunships". The YB-40 was sometimes described as a gunship, and a small 25-aircraft batch of the B-17-derived gunships were built, with a dozen of these deployed to Europe; the XB-41 had problems with stability and did not progress.
216:
and a thousand B-25Hs followed. The H models, delivered from August 1943, moved the dorsal turret forward to just behind the cockpit and were armed with the lighter 75mm T13E1 cannon. The B-25J variant removed the 75mm gun but carried a total of eighteen 0.50 cal (12.7 mm)
685:
and its successors post-1991, and more than 30 other nations. It was heavily armed with a reinforced fuselage, designed to withstand .50 caliber (12.7 mm) machine gun fire. Its armored cockpits and titanium rotor head are able to withstand 20 mm cannon hits.
436:
that became the modern, post–World War II origin of the term gunship in military aviation. These heavily armed aircraft used a variety of weapon systems, including 7.62 mm GAU-2/A Miniguns, 20 mm (0.787 in)
487:
were also designed by the United States during the
Vietnam War. These aircraft were meant to be cheap and easy to fly and maintain, and were to be given to friendly governments in Southeast Asia to assist with
629:
plus two additional .30 caliber machine guns in the left side aft windows and one .50 caliber machine gun in the right side cargo door. The result was the world's most heavily armed helicopter at the time.
511:. Although the United States Air Force decided not to procure the AC-27J, other nations including Italy have chosen the aircraft for introduction. Additionally, in 2013 the US
1319:
1027:
559:.50 caliber machine guns in a side-firing twin-mounting configuration in some of its Alouette III helicopters. Later, the .50 caliber machine guns were replaced by a
1390:
363:
runs. Such aircraft have their armament on one side harmonized to fire at the apex of an imaginary cone formed by the aircraft and the ground when performing a
84:
runs. Such aircraft have their armament on one side harmonized to fire at the apex of an imaginary cone formed by the aircraft and the ground when performing a
359:-mounted heavy armaments (i.e. firing to the side) to attack ground or sea targets. These gunships were configured to circle the target instead of performing
621:. The operations were met with mixed enthusiasm, and the armed H-34s, known as "Stingers", were quickly phased out. The TK-1 kit would form the basis of the
80:-mounted heavy armaments (i.e. firing to the side) to attack ground or sea targets. These gunships are configured to circle the target instead of performing
648:, that began to appear in 1962–1963. Rotary-wing aircraft (helicopters) can use a variety of combat maneuvers to approach a target. In their case, the term
318:
as the Ju 88P-4, but were only used as bomber destroyers. None of the German twin-engine heavy fighters types were produced or converted in large numbers.
331:
610:
1016:
1323:
1071:
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261:
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helicopters were modified into gunships by mounting the U.S. Helicopter
Armament Subsystems—these were forward-firing weapons, such as
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turret, one each in the pair of waist positions, and a pair in the tail, giving a maximum of fourteen guns firing forward in
209:
618:
512:
1471:
1359:
1309:
1265:
1227:
861:
811:
1036:, p. 84, quote: "... the Air Force decided to substitute Gunship II for the more nautical Gunboat designation".
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43:
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160:
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136:
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582:
air forces later used armed
Alouette III in similar configurations as the Portuguese, respectively in the
544:
543:
Early helicopter gunships also operated in the side-firing configuration, with an early example being the
410:
during the
Vietnam War. Armed with four 7.62 mm GAU-2/A Miniguns (and two 20 mm (0.787 in)
1671:
1541:
1482:
1096:
828:
168:
164:
776:
507:
Renewed interest in the concept of gunships has resulted in the development of a gunship variant of the
718:
480:
249:
1591:
738:
295:
were armed with 37mm, 50mm and 75mm guns, and were used as tankbusters and as bomber destroyers. The
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308:
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493:
403:
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131:
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221:, more than any other contemporary American aircraft: eight in the nose, four in under-cockpit
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1622:
1549:
1519:
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also fit this meaning. In any case, the gunship armaments include machine guns, rockets, and
383:
265:
241:
1299:
1217:
472:, and the AC-130 Spectre/Spooky, were vulnerable, and meant to operate only after achieving
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20:
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66:
54:
677:(NATO code name: Hind) is a large, heavily armed and armored helicopter gunship and
280:
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cannon and two .50 machine guns. During the early days of the
Vietnam War, USMC
1606:
1601:
1574:
570:(heli-cannons) and were used in the escort of unarmed transport helicopters in
484:
152:
34:
24:
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222:
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in a single mounting. These helicopters were known in
Portuguese service as "
560:
461:
442:
415:
407:
304:
300:
256:
and on racks housed in streamlined fairings under each wing, or up to eight
1504:
1499:
1352:
Military
Organizations for Homeland Defense and Smaller-Scale Contingencies
806:
708:
594:
344:
201:
184:
19:
This article is about a kind of military aircraft. For the video game, see
356:
92:). The term "gunship" originated in the mid-19th century as a synonym for
77:
1649:
1596:
759:
637:
571:
556:
379:
315:
240:
The
British also made large numbers of twin-engined fighter bombers. The
172:
163:
led to experiments in dramatically increasing the armament of a standard
144:
938:
American Secret
Projects: Fighters, Bombers Attack Aircraft 1937 to 1945
816:
645:
438:
411:
364:
212:. For use against shipping in the Pacific 405 B-25Gs were armed with a
85:
796:
791:
674:
609:
were among the first helicopter gunships in theater, fitted with the
536:
453:
100:
62:
574:
operations and in the fire support to the troops in the ground. The
208:
led to the development of the heavily armed gunship versions of the
1318:
1257:
Vietnam Choppers (Revised Edition): Helicopters in Battle 1950–1975
978:
923:
360:
268:
with autoloader, which were used against German ships and U-boats.
253:
230:
97:
81:
1415:
1277:"Side-Firing Weapon Systems: A New Application of an Old Concept"
764:
667:
516:
391:
93:
39:
28:
1494:
271:
The Germans also made a sizable number of heavy fighter types (
1198:"Development and Employment of Fixed-Wing Gunships, 1962–1972"
920:"Mystery photo unseen for 30 years may show Civil War gunship"
681:. It was introduced in the 1970s and operated by the pre-1991
1167:. By Alexander Miladenov. Osprey Publishing 2010. Pages 4–10.
288:
1398:
61:, primarily intended for attacking ground targets either as
257:
406:
were twin-engine piston-powered gunships developed by the
386:
transport was successfully modified into a gunship by the
378:
was the first notable modern gunship. In 1964, during the
1117:
504:
as well as limited use by the United States Air Force.
883:
881:
879:
877:
875:
873:
1148:
1146:
1144:
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962:
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958:
625:
kit used later on the UH-1E helicopters of the USMC.
902:
900:
898:
896:
1129:
870:
539:
was one of the first dedicated gunship helicopters.
252:, together with up to 4,000 pounds of bombs in the
1141:
955:
893:
458:40 mm (1.58 in) L/60 Bofors autocannons
422:and operated alongside the early versions of the
1688:
1203:. Air Force Historical Studies Office. p. 9
307:in a conformally mounted gun pod (B-2/R-2). The
1111:"The Air Force Tested a Mini-Gunship Last Year"
943:
492:operations, eventually seeing service with the
279:). Dedicated "tankbuster" aircraft such as the
1324:National Museum of the United States Air Force
244:FB.VI had a fixed armament of four 20 mm
183:respectively. These were to accompany regular
1384:
632:Also, during the Vietnam War, the ubiquitous
321:
235:5 in. (130 mm) high velocity aircraft rockets
72:In modern usage the term "gunship" refers to
1097:"Italian Air Force to Launch Gunship C-27J"
523:twin-mount .50-calibre machine gun system.
515:reportedly tested a gunship version of the
418:in the AC-119K version), they replaced the
233:runs. Later the B-25J was armed with eight
151:During 1942 and 1943, the lack of a usable
1391:
1377:
355:category, a gunship is an aircraft having
1320:"NORTH AMERICAN B-25B MITCHELL factsheet"
449:five-barreled rotary cannons, 30 mm
225:flank-mount gun pod packages, two in the
1349:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1123:
758:
698:
694:
530:
330:
130:
121:
33:
1330:
1297:
1253:
1195:
1135:
1033:
990:
979:North American B-25B Mitchell Factsheet
966:
887:
856:(first ed.). Osprey. p. 147.
260:. De Havilland also produced seventeen
96:and also referred to the heavily armed
1689:
1274:
1215:
1152:
926:. Associated Press. February 14, 2015.
906:
555:experimented with the installation of
526:
351:In the more modern, post-World War II
326:
1372:
1170:
851:
275:—"destroyer") armed with heavy guns (
1236:
949:
513:Air Force Special Operations Command
479:Smaller gunship designs such as the
1354:. Praeger Publishers. p. 124.
204:, the urgent need for hard-hitting
187:formations over occupied Europe on
173:Browning AN/M2 .50 cal machine guns
13:
1472:Airborne early warning and control
1260:. Bloomsbury USA. pp. 25–27.
601:"Pirate" armed with a German 20mm
195:
27:. For small armed watercraft, see
14:
1708:
1072:"AC-130H Spectre, AC-130U Spooky"
460:, and 105 mm (4.13 in)
1237:Dorr, Robert F. (July 2, 2011).
1222:. Bloomsbury USA. pp. 3–5.
126:
44:16th Special Operations Squadron
1301:U. S. Warplanes of World War II
1239:"Brilliant Mistakes: The YB-40"
1182:OPFOR WORLDWIDE EQUIPMENT GUIDE
1158:
1103:
1089:
1064:
1039:
1009:
996:
772:AĂ©rospatiale SA319 Alouette III
299:could carry a 30 mm (1.181 in)
930:
912:
845:
754:
703:The Fairchild AU-23A in flight
161:European Theatre of Operations
23:. For the synthwave band, see
1:
1254:Dunstan, Simon (2003-08-20).
834:
502:Republic of Vietnam Air Force
445:, 25 mm (0.984 in)
343:with three port side mounted
157:United States Army Air Forces
114:is commonly used to describe
429:It was the later and larger
248:and four .303 (7.7 mm)
210:North American B-25 Mitchell
181:Consolidated XB-41 Liberator
177:Boeing YB-40 Flying Fortress
169:Consolidated B-24D Liberator
165:Boeing B-17F Flying Fortress
7:
1350:Stringer, Kevin D. (2006).
829:Counter-insurgency aircraft
822:
689:
291:in underwing gun pods. The
10:
1713:
1335:. iUniverse. p. 265.
1189:
719:Fairchild AU-23 Peacemaker
658:. Specifically, dedicated
481:Fairchild AU-23 Peacemaker
322:Post–World War II aviation
18:
1615:
1464:
1457:
1408:
1241:. defensemedianetwork.com
1196:Ballard, Jack S. (1982).
1074:. FAS.org. Archived from
1002:It can be seen in action
739:L3Harris OA-1K Sky Warden
545:AĂ©rospatiale Alouette III
314:were armed with the same
214:75 mm (2.95 in) M4 cannon
16:Type of military aircraft
1331:Skaarup, Harold (2012).
1275:Hamlin, Ross E. (1970).
854:A Dictionary of Aviation
852:Wragg, David W. (1973).
839:
777:AĂ©rospatiale SA 330 Puma
763:A Bell UH-1B gunship in
655:heavily armed helicopter
494:Khmer National Air Force
400:Fairchild AC-119G Shadow
264:armed with a 57 mm
219:M2 Browning machine guns
171:, to each have 14 to 16
145:.50 caliber machine guns
549:Overseas wars in Africa
390:with three side-firing
388:United States Air Force
139:was heavily armed with
1216:Bishop, Chris (2006).
1165:Mil Mi-24 Hind Gunship
767:
704:
611:Temporary Kit-1 (TK-1)
597:, the French operated
540:
348:
266:QF 6-pdr anti-tank gun
148:
46:
1298:Merriam, Ray (2000).
1284:Air University Review
1047:"The AC-119 Gunships"
782:Boeing ACH-47 Chinook
762:
702:
619:2.75 inch rocket pods
534:
384:Douglas C-47 Skytrain
334:
262:Mosquito FB Mk XVIIIs
250:Browning machine guns
242:de Havilland Mosquito
167:, and later a single
134:
122:World War II aviation
37:
1333:California Warplanes
734:Helio AU-24 Stallion
584:South African Border
553:Portuguese Air Force
509:Alenia C-27J Spartan
498:Royal Thai Air Force
485:Helio AU-24 Stallion
466:Douglas AC-47 Spooky
420:Douglas AC-47 Spooky
376:Douglas AC-47 Spooky
287:were armed with two
246:Hispano Mk.II cannon
21:Gunship (video game)
1542:Electronic warfare
936:Buttler, Griffith.
812:Sikorsky MH-60L DAP
695:Fixed-wing aircraft
652:is synonymous with
527:Helicopter gunships
353:fixed-wing aircraft
327:Fixed-wing aircraft
258:"60lb" RP-3 rockets
74:fixed-wing aircraft
59:heavy aircraft guns
1483:Counter-insurgency
1219:HueyCobra Gunships
768:
705:
660:attack helicopters
634:Bell UH-1 Iroquois
561:MG 151 20mm cannon
551:in the 1960s, the
541:
490:counter-insurgency
451:Mk44 Bushmaster II
447:GAU-12/U Equalizer
349:
316:BK 50mm autocannon
289:BK 37mm autocannon
149:
112:helicopter gunship
105:American Civil War
47:
1684:
1683:
1680:
1679:
1537:Close air support
1401:military aircraft
1342:978-1-4759-0144-3
1304:. Merriam Press.
1017:"AC-47 Factsheet"
615:M60C machine guns
613:, comprising two
398:The lesser known
189:strategic bombing
116:armed helicopters
67:close air support
55:military aircraft
42:gunship from the
1704:
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1113:. 16 March 2014.
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1101:
1100:
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1087:
1086:
1084:
1083:
1068:
1062:
1061:
1059:
1058:
1049:. Archived from
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1037:
1031:
1025:
1024:
1019:. Archived from
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1007:
1000:
994:
988:
982:
976:
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953:
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934:
928:
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891:
885:
868:
867:
849:
724:Fairchild AC-119
683:Soviet Air Force
617:and two 19-shot
569:
470:Fairchild AC-119
404:AC-119K Stingers
345:7.62 mm miniguns
103:used during the
1712:
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1707:
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1703:
1702:
1701:
1687:
1686:
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1587:Maritime patrol
1560:Air superiority
1543:
1453:
1442:
1404:
1403:types and roles
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956:
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944:
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931:
918:
917:
913:
905:
894:
886:
871:
864:
850:
846:
842:
837:
825:
757:
729:Lockheed AC-130
697:
692:
679:troop transport
664:Bell AH-1 Cobra
567:
529:
517:C-145A Skytruck
474:air superiority
431:Lockheed AC-130
329:
324:
293:Ju 88P gunships
206:attack aircraft
198:
196:Attack aircraft
129:
124:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1633:Reconnaissance
1630:
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1617:
1613:
1612:
1610:
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1607:Strike fighter
1604:
1602:Fighter-bomber
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1234:
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1213:
1191:
1188:
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1169:
1157:
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1128:
1126:, p. 124.
1116:
1102:
1088:
1063:
1038:
1026:
1023:on 2014-10-11.
1008:
995:
993:, p. 265.
983:
971:
954:
942:
940:. pp. 104-105.
929:
911:
892:
869:
862:
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833:
832:
831:
824:
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799:
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789:
787:Bell UH-1B/C/M
784:
779:
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751:
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741:
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731:
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721:
716:
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696:
693:
691:
688:
588:Rhodesian Bush
528:
525:
462:M102 howitzers
443:rotary cannons
424:AC-130 Spectre
416:rotary cannons
382:, the popular
328:
325:
323:
320:
197:
194:
153:escort fighter
128:
125:
123:
120:
25:Gunship (band)
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1510:Medium bomber
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1361:0-275-99308-6
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547:. During the
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1645:Surveillance
1623:Experimental
1505:Light bomber
1500:Heavy bomber
1487:
1351:
1332:
1300:
1287:. Retrieved
1283:
1256:
1243:. Retrieved
1218:
1205:. Retrieved
1164:
1160:
1136:Dunstan 2003
1131:
1119:
1105:
1091:
1080:. Retrieved
1076:the original
1066:
1055:. Retrieved
1051:the original
1041:
1034:Ballard 1982
1029:
1021:the original
1011:
998:
991:Skaarup 2012
986:
974:
967:Merriam 2000
945:
937:
932:
914:
890:, p. 9.
888:Ballard 1982
853:
847:
807:HAL Prachand
709:Basler BT-67
672:
662:such as the
653:
649:
638:machine guns
631:
627:
595:Algerian War
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369:banking turn
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202:World War II
199:
185:heavy bomber
150:
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90:banking turn
71:
50:
48:
1597:Interdictor
1565:Interceptor
1474:(AEW&C)
1289:16 December
1153:Bishop 2006
907:Hamlin 1970
755:Helicopters
673:The Soviet
646:autocannons
593:During the
572:air assault
565:helicanhões
557:M2 Browning
441:six-barrel
414:six-barrel
380:Vietnam War
137:B-25 bomber
57:armed with
1616:Non-combat
1592:Multi-role
1525:Pathfinder
1520:Penetrator
1436:Helicopter
1426:Fixed-wing
1207:7 February
1082:2015-04-04
1057:2010-11-12
835:References
802:HAL Lancer
454:chain guns
439:M61 Vulcan
434:Gunship II
412:M61 Vulcan
365:pylon turn
277:Bordkanone
101:steamships
86:pylon turn
1672:Transport
1570:Emergency
1515:Strategic
1441:Unmanned
1245:April 23,
950:Dorr 2011
797:HAL Rudra
792:Mil Mi-24
675:Mil Mi-24
580:Rhodesian
537:Mil Mi-24
426:gunship.
357:laterally
339:provided
281:Ju 87Gs (
273:Zerstörer
237:(HVARs).
223:conformal
110:The term
78:laterally
63:airstrike
1697:Gunships
1691:Category
1550:Intruder
924:Fox News
823:See also
690:Examples
668:missiles
483:and the
392:Miniguns
361:strafing
311:Hornisse
254:bomb bay
231:strafing
155:for the
98:ironclad
82:strafing
1667:Trainer
1662:Testbed
1628:Liaison
1555:Fighter
1532:Carrier
1488:Gunship
1449:Stealth
1421:Balloon
1416:Airship
1399:Modern
1190:Sources
765:Vietnam
650:gunship
642:rockets
309:Me 410
200:During
175:as the
159:in the
94:gunboat
76:having
51:gunship
40:AC-130H
29:gunboat
1657:Tanker
1575:Escort
1495:Bomber
1478:Attack
1465:Combat
1431:Glider
1358:
1339:
1308:
1264:
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590:wars.
521:GAU-18
500:, and
468:, the
464:. The
297:Hs 129
227:dorsal
65:or as
1650:Scout
1638:Scout
1580:Night
1458:Roles
1443:(UAV)
1409:Types
1280:(PDF)
1201:(PDF)
840:Notes
817:Z-9WA
607:H-34s
603:MG151
337:AC-47
53:is a
1544:(EW)
1356:ISBN
1337:ISBN
1306:ISBN
1291:2016
1262:ISBN
1247:2012
1224:ISBN
1209:2011
1004:here
858:ISBN
623:TK-2
586:and
578:and
535:The
402:and
374:The
335:The
179:and
143:and
141:75mm
135:The
371:).
341:CAS
303:or
217:AN/
38:An
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