30:
73:
50:
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62:
22:
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84:
346:, which parallels the entire east and south-east coast, is responsible for the typical pattern of a well-watered coastal strip, a fairly narrow band of mountains, and then a vast, inward-draining plain that receives little rainfall. In the Gulf Country, however, there are no mountains to restrict rainfall to the coastal band and the transition from the profuse tropical growth of the seaside areas to the arid scrubs of central Australia is gradual.
38:
1148:
2187:
334:
The climate is hot and humid with two seasons per year. The dry season lasts from about April until
November and is characterized by very dry southeast to east winds, generated by migratory winter high pressure systems to the south. The wet season lasts from December to March. Most of the year's
384:
revealed the presence of a submerged coral reef province covering at least 300 km (120 sq mi) in the southern Gulf. The patch reefs have their upper surfaces at a mean water depth of 28.6 ± 0.5 m (94 ± 1.5 ft), were undetected by satellites or aerial
175:
At its mouth, the Gulf is 590 km (370 mi) wide, and further south, 675 km (420 mi). The north-south length exceeds 700 km (430 mi). It covers a water area of about 300,000 km (120,000 sq mi). The general depth is between 55 and 66 metres (30 and 36
385:
photographs, and were only recognised using multibeam swath sonar surveys supplemented with seabed sampling and video. Their existence points to an earlier, late
Quaternary phase of framework reef growth under cooler-climate and lower sea level conditions than today.
192:
18,000 years ago when global sea level was around 120 m (390 ft) below its present position. At that time a large, shallow lake occupied the centre of what is now the Gulf. The Gulf hosts a submerged coral reef province that was only recognised in 2004.
484:
According to the then
Chairman of the Gulf of Carpentaria's Commercial Fisherman's Organisation, Gary Ward, the number of sightings of Indonesian vessels fishing illegally in the gulf's waters increased in early 2005. By 2011, the numbers of
633:
Harris, P.T., Heap, A.D., Marshall, J.F., McCulloch, M.T., 2008. A new coral reef province in the Gulf of
Carpentaria, Australia: colonisation, growth and submergence during the early Holocene. Marine Geology 251,
368:
The Gulf of
Carpentaria is known to contain fringing reefs and isolated coral colonies, but no near-surface patch or barrier reefs exist in the Gulf at the present time. However, this has not always been the case.
620:
Torgersen, T., Hutchinson, M.F., Searle, D.E., Nix, H.A., 1983. General bathymetry of the Gulf of
Carpentaria and the Quaternary physiography of Lake Carpentaria. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 41,
727:
Harris, P.T., Heap, A., 2009. Cyclone-induced net sediment transport pathway on the continental shelf of tropical
Australia inferred from reef talus deposits. Continental Shelf Research 29, 2011-2019.
497:
In 2012, a major new port located to the west of
Karumba and rail connection to the North West Minerals Province was proposed by Carpentaria Rail. The advantages of a port at Karumba compared to
339:
during the period between
November and April. The gulf experiences an average of three cyclones each year that are thought to transport sediments in a clockwise direction along the Gulf's coast.
218:(also known as Kaiadilt and Gayadilta) is a language of the Gulf of Carpentaria. The Kayardild language region includes the landscape within the local government boundaries of the
687:
645:
442:
737:
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477:
and exported via the Gulf. Another zinc mine, Century Zinc is in the gulf on the
Queensland side of the border. It exports its product through the port facility at
518:
406:
2084:
514:
501:
was that it was three or four days closer to Asia via shipping routes. Additionally, expansion is taking place of the Bing Bong Port which services the
2657:
434:
758:
Harris, P.T., Heap, A.D., Wassenberg, T., Passlow, V., 2004. Submerged coral reefs in the Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia. Marine Geology 207, 185-191.
331:. The woodlands also extend up the west and east coast of the Gulf. They are dominated by Eucalyptus and Melaleuca species from the family Myrtaceae.
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2203:
2225:
2603:
2191:
2140:
2125:
486:
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boat interceptions had declined significantly with the cause attributed to enforcement efforts and education programs in Indonesia.
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1193:
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2179:
2145:
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rainfall is compressed into these months, and during this period, many low-lying areas are flooded. The Gulf is prone to
2234:
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2233:
934:
779:
398:
951:
25:
The location of the Gulf of Carpentaria. It covers a water area of about 300,000 km (120,000 sq mi).
327:
The Gulf Country supports the world's largest intact savanna woodlands as well as native grasslands, known as the
2662:
2558:
205:
152:. The northern boundary is generally defined as a line from Slade Point, Queensland (the northwestern corner of
2422:
2211:
2110:
2642:
2543:
342:
In many other parts of Australia, there are dramatic climatic transitions over fairly short distances. The
328:
29:
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938:
707:
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drain the Gulf Country. A number of rivers flow from the Cape York Peninsula into the Gulf, including
265:
234:
184:
in the Gulf of Carpentaria is between two and three metres (6.5 and 10 ft). The Gulf and adjacent
2563:
857:
257:
also explored the coast in 1644. The region was later explored and charted by the English navigator
2120:
502:
474:
430:
219:
72:
54:
2496:
2260:
1364:
42:
2235:
Australian places named by Dutch navigators, explorers and cartographers in the Age of Discovery
1685:
1109:
884:
830:
269:
144:. It is enclosed on three sides by northern Australia and bounded on the north by the eastern
49:
2242:
1210:
1206:
1179:
1119:
767:
749:
Veron, J.E.N., 2000. Corals of the World. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville.
354:
550:
360:
It has been hypothesized that the Gulf experienced a major asteroid impact event in 536 AD.
2477:
1532:
378:
374:
343:
320:. The area to the south (like the Cape York Peninsula, part of Queensland) is known as the
246:
204:(also known as Yalarnga, Yalarrnga, Jalanga, Jalannga, Wonganja, Gunggalida, Jokula) is an
8:
2391:
2270:
1627:
1256:
1068:
481:. The cattle industry is also a very important part of the regional economy in the gulf.
350:
309:
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153:
77:
2386:
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1828:
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1369:
1231:
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657:
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The Gulf is one of the distinct physiographic sections of the larger (and surrounding)
273:
215:
209:
165:
699:
353:
appears in the Southern Gulf. The best vantage point to see this phenomenon is in the
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1152:
1063:
768:
Tomascik, Tomas; Anmarie Janice Mah; Anugerah Nontji; Mohammad Kasin Moosa (1997).
414:
258:
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101:
2514:
2435:
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1968:
1938:
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1497:
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1417:
1339:
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230:
61:
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740:. National Geographic News. National Geographic Society. Retrieved 3 March 2013.
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208:. The Yulluna language region includes the local government boundaries of the
161:
929:
370:
2636:
2618:
2605:
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2150:
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1309:
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1073:
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991:
450:
446:
410:
313:
919:
596:
David Hopley; Scott Smithers (2010). "Queensland". In Eric C.F. Bird (ed.).
580:
579:
T. Torgersen, M. R. Jones, A. W. Stephens, D. E. Searle & W. J. Ullman.
296:
The land bordering the Gulf is generally flat and low-lying. To the west is
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1903:
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189:
88:
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Notes: with the name still in use in either original or Anglicised version
943:
21:
2336:
1981:
1953:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1878:
1873:
1803:
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1407:
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1261:
1094:
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1012:
555:
Sailing Directions (enroute).: North, west, and south coasts of Australia
394:
297:
285:
254:
185:
181:
169:
157:
145:
2287:
2279:
2017:
1991:
1958:
1948:
1893:
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149:
83:
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1379:
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1027:
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691:
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317:
277:
141:
37:
858:"Port plan could see hundreds of jobs and build strong export links"
2469:
1986:
1976:
1943:
1898:
1868:
1863:
1763:
1344:
1276:
908:
686:
644:
466:
2155:
2130:
1735:
478:
473:
operations in the Gulf. Zinc, lead and silver is mined from the
305:
288:
in February 1861. However, both men died on the return journey.
581:
Late Quaternary hydrological changes in the Gulf of Carpentaria
470:
177:
662:
Queensland Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages map
122:
113:
2007:
1202:
66:
930:
Video of discovery of coral reefs in the Gulf of Carpentaria
107:
128:
125:
595:
551:"Sector 1: North Coast of Australia – Gulf of Carpentaria"
2012:
137:
920:
Aerial Video of Sweers Island in the Gulf of Carpentaria
569:
Sector 1: North Coast of Australia – Gulf of Carpentaria
264:
The first overland expedition to reach the Gulf was the
2591:; for these the original Dutch name appears in brackets
180:) with a maximum depth of 69 metres (38 fathoms). The
87:
Melbidir II anchored off Karumba near the mouth of the
557:. National Imagery and Mapping Agency. 2001. p. 3
304:, the largest island in the Gulf. To the east is the
104:
1201:
119:
110:
629:
627:
245:), visited in 1623 and named the gulf in honour of
116:
229:to visit the region (and Australia) was the Dutch
882:
831:"Less illegal fishing in the Gulf of Carpentaria"
2678:Maritime history of the Dutch East India Company
2634:
2092:
624:
828:
738:Giant Meteorites Slammed Earth Around A.D. 500?
517:province, which in turn is part of the larger
505:, awarded the Northern Territory Earth award.
33:The Gulf of Carpentaria from an 1859 Dutch map
2478:Van Diemen's Land / Anthonie van Diemenslandt
2219:
2078:
1187:
959:
935:Hamish Cairns Gulf of Carpentaria photographs
911:and video of the Gulf Region around Burketown
804:"Govt to step up Gulf of Carpentaria patrols"
925:Video of Burketown and the Gulf from the air
801:
771:The Ecology of the Indonesian Seas: Part Two
284:in August 1860 and reached the mouth of the
973:
855:
2534:European maritime exploration of Australia
2226:
2212:
2085:
2071:
1194:
1180:
966:
952:
2658:Bodies of water of the Northern Territory
2584:Named by the Dutch, but a Portuguese name
2549:Dutch mapping of the Australian continent
598:Encyclopedia of World's Coastal Landforms
308:of the Northern Territory, including the
251:Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies
233:(whose name is also written as Jansz) in
2554:Dutch mapping of the Australian mainland
700:"Indigenous languages map of Queensland"
583:. Nature Volume 313 pages 785-787 (1985)
82:
71:
60:
48:
36:
28:
20:
2136:South Australian gulf drainage division
2635:
2569:Early modern Netherlandish cartography
2539:European land exploration of Australia
885:"McArthur River Mine and Port Project"
591:
589:
2207:
2146:Southwest corner of Western Australia
2066:
1175:
947:
876:
837:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation
810:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation
761:
736:Richard A. Lovett (3 February 2010).
2186:
849:
829:Paul Sutherland (10 November 2011).
795:
690:This Knowledge article incorporates
648:This Knowledge article incorporates
883:Fluor Corporation (29 March 2020).
822:
586:
57:at Bing Bong Loading Facility, 2011
13:
2141:South-east coast drainage division
2126:North-east coast drainage division
774:. Periplus Editions. p. 829.
492:
14:
2689:
909:Morning Glory Cloud video footage
902:
188:were dry land at the peak of the
2269:
2185:
2174:
2173:
2045:
2044:
2032:
1156:
1146:
685:
643:
148:, which separates Australia and
100:
41:The Gulf of Carpentaria between
2559:Dutch mapping of Nova Hollandia
915:Morning Glory Cloud meteorology
752:
743:
508:
388:
377:in 2003 and in 2005 aboard the
2261:Nova Hollandia / Nieuw Holland
802:Ian Townsend (18 April 2005).
730:
721:
679:
637:
614:
573:
543:
363:
206:Australian Aboriginal language
1:
2668:Bodies of water of Queensland
2111:Kimberley (Western Australia)
536:
469:beds have allowed commercial
349:In September and October the
2673:Drainage basins of Australia
2544:Dutch mapping of Australasia
856:Nick Dalton (28 June 2013).
329:Carpentaria tropical savanna
316:which joins the Gulf to the
291:
45:and the Australian continent
7:
2131:Pilbara (Western Australia)
939:State Library of Queensland
708:State Library of Queensland
704:State Library of Queensland
666:State Library of Queensland
524:
460:
10:
2694:
2648:Gulfs of the Pacific Ocean
1413:American Mediterranean Sea
600:. Springer. p. 1255.
531:Mangrove tree distribution
266:Burke and Wills expedition
196:
168:(the easternmost point of
140:off the northern coast of
2577:
2564:Dutch mapping of Tasmania
2526:
2468:
2434:
2418:('t Eylandt 't Rottenest)
2369:
2314:
2278:
2267:
2241:
2169:
2101:
2026:
2000:
1967:
1749:
1656:
1388:
1300:
1217:
1143:
1082:
1036:
1005:
979:
405:flow into the Gulf. The
357:area shortly after dawn.
237:. His fellow countryman,
65:Gulf of Carpentaria from
1219:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
521:physiographic division.
503:McArthur River zinc mine
475:McArthur River zinc mine
220:Mornington Shire Council
55:McArthur River zinc mine
2395:(Land van Pieter Nuyts)
1365:Prince Gustaf Adolf Sea
974:List of Australian seas
156:) in the northeast, to
2663:Physiographic sections
2492:(Maetsuickers Eylandt)
2426:(Swarte Swaene-Rivier)
2382:(Landt van de Leeuwin)
1686:Great Australian Bight
1110:Great Australian Bight
519:East Australian Basins
91:
80:
69:
58:
46:
34:
26:
2587:Many names have been
2452:(Eyland St. Francois)
2151:Geography of Tasmania
1120:Joseph Bonaparte Gulf
86:
75:
64:
52:
40:
32:
24:
2243:Australian continent
2121:Murray–Darling basin
1533:Gulf of St. Lawrence
1153:Australia portal
393:In the Top End, the
375:Geoscience Australia
344:Great Dividing Range
247:Pieter de Carpentier
2643:Gulf of Carpentaria
2615: /
2480:(mainland Tasmania)
2460:(Eyland St. Pierre)
2392:Nuyts Land District
2348:(Cocodrils Eÿlandt)
2301:Gulf of Carpentaria
2248:Australian mainland
2106:Gulf of Carpentaria
1834:Gulf of Carpentaria
1628:Sea of the Hebrides
1257:King Haakon VII Sea
1105:Gulf of Carpentaria
1069:Investigator Strait
465:Extensive areas of
351:Morning Glory cloud
310:Cape York Peninsula
270:Robert O'Hara Burke
249:, at that time the
154:Cape York Peninsula
96:Gulf of Carpentaria
78:Karumba, Queensland
2653:Gulfs of Australia
2387:Dirk Hartog Island
2316:Northern Territory
1829:Gulf of California
1726:Mozambique Channel
1370:Queen Victoria Sea
1232:Bellingshausen Sea
1044:Backstairs Passage
808:PM (radio program)
274:William John Wills
261:in 1802 and 1803.
235:his 1605–06 voyage
210:Shire of Cloncurry
166:Northern Territory
92:
81:
70:
59:
47:
35:
27:
2598:
2597:
2518:(Schoute Eylandt)
2510:(Maria's Eylandt)
2489:Maatsuyker Island
2449:St Francis Island
2444:Nuyts Archipelago
2371:Western Australia
2356:(Baÿa Van Diemen)
2345:Crocodile Islands
2201:
2200:
2060:
2059:
2039:Oceans portal
1588:Mediterranean Sea
1538:Gulf of Venezuela
1330:East Siberian Sea
1272:Riiser-Larsen Sea
1169:
1168:
1163:Oceans portal
607:978-1-4020-8638-0
515:Carpentaria Basin
449:, Mission River,
381:Southern Surveyor
337:tropical cyclones
227:European explorer
53:Loading ore from
16:Gulf of Australia
2685:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2626:
2625:
2620:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2611:
2608:
2400:Houtman Abrolhos
2324:Vanderlin Island
2273:
2228:
2221:
2214:
2205:
2204:
2189:
2188:
2177:
2176:
2087:
2080:
2073:
2064:
2063:
2048:
2047:
2037:
2036:
1969:Endorheic basins
1849:Gulf of Thailand
1701:Gulf of Khambhat
1196:
1189:
1182:
1173:
1172:
1161:
1160:
1151:
1150:
1149:
1064:Endeavour Strait
968:
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891:
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871:
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593:
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571:
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435:Smithburne River
415:Leichhardt River
259:Matthew Flinders
239:Jan Carstenszoon
135:
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118:
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2609:
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2602:
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2599:
2594:
2573:
2522:
2515:Schouten Island
2464:
2457:St Peter Island
2436:South Australia
2430:
2415:Rottnest Island
2410:Pelsaert Island
2365:
2353:Van Diemen Gulf
2340:(Arnhems Landt)
2327:(Cap Vanderlin)
2310:
2296:(Staten Rivier)
2274:
2265:
2246:
2237:
2232:
2202:
2197:
2165:
2161:Western Plateau
2116:Lake Eyre basin
2097:
2094:Drainage basins
2091:
2061:
2056:
2031:
2022:
1996:
1963:
1939:South China Sea
1919:Seto Inland Sea
1839:Gulf of Fonseca
1745:
1652:
1503:Gulf of Finland
1498:Gulf of Bothnia
1483:English Channel
1453:Bay of Campeche
1418:Archipelago Sea
1384:
1340:Gulf of Boothia
1296:
1237:Cooperation Sea
1213:
1200:
1170:
1165:
1155:
1147:
1145:
1139:
1135:Van Diemen Gulf
1125:Gulf St Vincent
1078:
1054:Clarence Strait
1032:
1001:
975:
972:
905:
900:
899:
889:
887:
881:
877:
867:
865:
862:The Cairns Post
854:
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511:
495:
493:Major port plan
487:illegal fishing
463:
391:
373:carried out by
366:
294:
231:Willem Janszoon
199:
172:) in the west.
103:
99:
76:Karumba Beach,
43:Bentinck Island
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2528:
2527:Related topics
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2512:
2504:
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2494:
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2484:De Witt Island
2481:
2474:
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2497:Pedra Branca
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2379:Cape Leeuwin
2355:
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2190:
2178:
2105:
2096:of Australia
2049:
2030:
1904:Sea of Japan
1833:
1779:Bismarck Sea
1731:Persian Gulf
1716:Gulf of Suez
1711:Gulf of Oman
1691:Gulf of Aden
1658:Indian Ocean
1638:Thracian Sea
1623:Sea of Crete
1613:Sea of Åland
1608:Sargasso Sea
1583:Ligurian Sea
1568:Labrador Sea
1558:Irminger Sea
1513:Gulf of Lion
1468:Bothnian Sea
1458:Bay of Fundy
1433:Balearic Sea
1398:Adriatic Sea
1320:Beaufort Sea
1302:Arctic Ocean
1227:Amundsen Sea
1130:Spencer Gulf
1115:Exmouth Gulf
1104:
987:Indian Ocean
888:. Retrieved
878:
866:. Retrieved
861:
851:
841:28 September
839:. Retrieved
834:
824:
814:28 September
812:. Retrieved
807:
797:
785:. Retrieved
770:
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732:
723:
711:. Retrieved
703:
681:
669:. Retrieved
661:
639:
616:
597:
575:
559:. Retrieved
554:
545:
512:
509:Physiography
496:
483:
464:
455:Archer River
427:Norman River
403:Wilton River
399:Walker River
392:
389:Major rivers
380:
367:
359:
348:
341:
333:
326:
322:Gulf Country
295:
263:
242:
224:
214:
200:
190:last ice age
174:
95:
93:
89:Norman River
18:
2622: /
2337:Arnhem Land
1982:Caspian Sea
1954:Visayan Sea
1934:Solomon Sea
1929:Sibuyan Sea
1924:Shantar Sea
1879:Molucca Sea
1874:Mar de Grau
1804:Chilean Sea
1799:Celebes Sea
1794:Camotes Sea
1759:Arafura Sea
1671:Arabian Sea
1666:Andaman Sea
1618:Sea of Azov
1593:Myrtoan Sea
1408:Alboran Sea
1360:Pechora Sea
1355:Lincoln Sea
1325:Chukchi Sea
1315:Barents Sea
1292:Weddell Sea
1262:Lazarev Sea
1095:Beagle Gulf
1049:Bass Strait
1013:Arafura Sea
787:17 November
697:text from:
655:text from:
443:Alice River
395:Roper River
371:Expeditions
364:Coral reefs
298:Arnhem Land
286:Bynoe River
276:which left
255:Abel Tasman
186:Sahul Shelf
182:tidal range
170:Arnhem Land
158:Cape Arnhem
146:Arafura Sea
2637:Categories
2619:14°S 139°E
2589:Anglicised
2423:Swan River
2288:Coen River
2280:Queensland
2018:Superocean
1992:Salton Sea
1959:Yellow Sea
1949:Tasman Sea
1894:Salish Sea
1774:Bering Sea
1681:Flores Sea
1648:Wadden Sea
1578:Libyan Sea
1548:Ionian Sea
1543:Hudson Bay
1488:Foxe Basin
1478:Celtic Sea
1438:Baltic Sea
1428:Baffin Bay
1403:Aegean Sea
1375:Wandel Sea
1350:Laptev Sea
1282:Scotia Sea
1267:Mawson Sea
1023:Tasman Sea
713:5 February
671:28 January
537:References
499:Townsville
312:, and the
225:The first
150:New Guinea
2502:Storm Bay
1914:Seram Sea
1884:Moro Gulf
1809:Coral Sea
1789:Bohol Sea
1784:Bohai Sea
1769:Banda Sea
1741:Timor Sea
1598:North Sea
1563:James Bay
1553:Irish Sea
1463:Black Sea
1380:White Sea
1287:Somov Sea
1247:Davis Sea
1028:Timor Sea
1018:Coral Sea
692:CC-BY-4.0
658:"Yulluna"
650:CC-BY-4.0
561:6 October
407:Cox River
355:Burketown
318:Coral Sea
292:Geography
278:Melbourne
268:, led by
243:Carstensz
216:Kayardild
142:Australia
2624:-14; 139
2470:Tasmania
2180:Category
2051:Category
1987:Dead Sea
1977:Aral Sea
1944:Sulu Sea
1899:Savu Sea
1869:Koro Sea
1864:Java Sea
1764:Bali Sea
1345:Kara Sea
1277:Ross Sea
890:27 March
835:ABC News
695:licensed
653:licensed
525:See also
467:seagrass
461:Industry
429:and the
379:RV
282:Victoria
2192:Commons
2156:Top End
1736:Red Sea
868:11 July
621:207-225
479:Karumba
306:Top End
202:Yulluna
197:History
178:fathoms
160:on the
136:) is a
2001:Others
1207:oceans
1037:Strait
778:
634:85-97.
604:
471:shrimp
453:, and
2610:139°E
2008:Ocean
1203:Earth
980:Ocean
67:MODIS
2607:14°S
1211:seas
1209:and
1083:Gulf
892:2020
870:2013
843:2012
816:2012
789:2011
776:ISBN
715:2020
673:2020
602:ISBN
563:2020
401:and
300:and
272:and
241:(or
94:The
2013:Sea
1205:'s
1006:Sea
567:or
253:.
138:sea
123:ɛər
108:ɑːr
2639::
2245:/
937:,
860:.
833:.
806:.
706:.
702:.
664:.
660:.
626:^
588:^
553:.
457:.
445:,
441:,
437:,
425:,
421:,
417:,
413:,
409:,
397:,
324:.
280:,
222:.
212:.
164:,
114:ən
2227:e
2220:t
2213:v
2086:e
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1195:e
1188:t
1181:v
967:e
960:t
953:v
894:.
872:.
845:.
818:.
791:.
717:.
675:.
610:.
565:.
132:/
129:ə
126:i
120:t
117:ˈ
111:p
105:k
102:/
98:(
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