229:, often with a single melody set over an accompaniment figure, had come to the fore. Jones says, "he had become too old to appreciate the rapidly developing fashion for symphonies, quartets, and keyboard sonatas, genres in which Haydn was already acquiring a name for himself." Werner expressed his distaste by calling Haydn a "G'sanglmacher" (writer of little songs) and "Modehansl" ("fashion follower," literally "little Hans of fashion").
870:
257:. Prince Nikolaus arranged for his administrator Rahier to deal with the situation. Rahier (with whom Haydn had a difficult relationship) issued an official document, which reprimanded Haydn. However, it also provided a helpful clarification of Haydn's responsibilities and designated a subordinate (Joseph Dietzl) to take on the task of keeping track of the music and instruments in Eisenstadt.
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908:
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I am forced to draw attention to the gross negligence in the local castle chapel, the unnecessarily large princely expenditures, and the lazy idleness of the musicians, the principal responsibility for which must be laid at the door of the present director, who lets them all get away with everything,
297:
Haydn himself clearly held Werner in high esteem, whatever their personal difficulties may have been. In his own old age (1804) Haydn published "six introductions and fugues for string quartet, taken from Werner’s oratorios". The title page read that the works were "edited by his successor J. Haydn
248:
While it is natural to detect bitterness and envy in Werner's letter, Jones points out that the criticisms might well have been legitimate, and that the letter produced a useful bureaucratic response. Haydn was spread thin between serving the Prince's interests in secular music (mostly in his
218:. Nikolaus was also a very musical prince, but his interests (Jones) "lay with Haydn and the development of instrumental music". Haydn initially received the same salary (400 florins per year) that Werner had long received, but in June 1762 this was increased to 600.
260:
The reprimand also led Haydn to begin to keep a draft catalog of all his works (the "Entwurf-Katalog"). In response to a particular detail of the reprimand, Haydn began writing a great number of works in the Prince's favorite genre at the time, the
112:
Werner set to work, bringing new music to the court from Vienna and composing prolifically. He remained in full charge of the Esterházy musical establishment until 1761, when he entered a period of semi-retirement, his responsibilities limited to
210:
However, after this time Werner's musical duties were limited to church music, and Haydn, 39 years younger than Werner, had the primary duties, with full control over the secular musical events of the household, including the orchestra.
232:
Werner's discontent reached its climax in
October 1765, a few months before his death, when he wrote a letter to Prince Esterházy denouncing Haydn for his slackness in running the Esterházy musical establishment. The letter begins:
117:. Throughout this time he worked for a prince who was himself highly musical: Paul Anton had received musical training from the court musicians as well as from music masters imported from abroad; he played the violin and the flute.
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492:
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As an employee of the Esterházy family Werner published little, but a few works did see print. These include his set of twelve orchestral suites depicting the twelve months of the year (
186:(1743–1773). Autograph scores and parts by Gregor Joseph Werner have found their way into the collection of the Országos Széchényi Könyvtár, Budapest, as well as the public archives in
206:
The contract by which Haydn was hired shows the family's loyalty to their elderly musical servant by retaining him, at least on a titular basis, in the top post of
155:
discerns a bifurcated style, with most of the work taking the form of severe, "weighty" contrapuntal pieces, but a minority (written for lighter occasions such as
520:
97:. The appointment "opened a new era for music" at the court; previously, there had been seven years of relative inactivity following the death of
322:
275:
221:
In addition, Werner had lived to see the kind of music he composed become outmoded. His own work emphasized the contrapuntal textures of the
214:
This was a time of changes probably unwelcome to Werner. His longtime patron Paul Anton died in March 1762, succeeded by his younger brother
955:
884:
332:. Challenge Classics CC72513, 2012. Includes his 6 fugues in Quartets (as arranged by Haydn), and selected vocal works for Advent.
55:
family. Few of Werner's works survive to the present day, and he is mostly remembered for his troubled relationship with Haydn.
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79:. Werner was married on 27 January 1727. On 10 May 1728 he took up the position he was to hold for the rest of his life, as
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in 1748. His pupils included S. T. Kolbel (Kölbel) and the Esterházy organist Johann Novotný (1718–1765), father of
880:
793:
583:, signed by Prince Esterházy on 3 November 1765. "Kismarton" is the Hungarian name for Eisenstadt. Source:
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Werner's period of semi-retirement began in 1761 when the Esterházy family hired the 29-year-old composer
98:
487:
898:
163:) that "employ a distinctly homespun idiom, invoking elements of Austrian and indeed Eastern European
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244:]: for as God is my witness, things are much more disorderly than if seven children were around.
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279:(2009) reviews no recording of any works by him; few recordings are commercially available. The
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and Jones suggest that Werner was hired at the then 17-year-old prince's instigation.
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tend to emphasize Werner's troubled relationship with Haydn over his own career.
152:
650:
336:
Die
Jahreszeiten (= Neuer und sehr curios-Musicalischer Instrumental-Calender)
934:
222:
81:
47:
750:
Das
Orchester Joseph Haydns: ein Komponist und seine wegweisenden Neuerungen
682:
Haydn, Mozart, & Beethoven: Studies in the music of the classical period
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199:
168:
136:
132:
114:
42:
52:
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in 1721; his widow Maria
Octavia, serving as co-regent for her young son
178:("New and very curious musical instrument calendar"), which appeared in
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673:
164:
129:
94:
76:
72:
672:
Gerlach, Sonja (1998). "Haydn's
Entwurf-Katalog: Two Questions". In
635:
Howling near Heaven: Twyla Tharp and the
Reinvention of Modern Dance
75:. During the 1720s he was in Vienna, where he may have studied with
253:) and in covering for the now-frail Werner the church music at the
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144:
140:
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style, as well as church music with instrumental accompaniment and
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34:
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38:
187:
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in both genres exist, and may have been influenced by Werner.
67:. He served from 1715 to either 1716 or 1721 (unknown) as the
702:(2008). "Werner, Gregor Joseph". In David Wyn Jones (ed.).
615:
240:
176:
105:, had instituted economies in the musical establishment.
603:
525:
472:
Possibly Simon Thadäus Kölbel, died 20 July 1806. See
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used a prelude and fugue by Werner for her 1976 dance
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298:
out of particular esteem towards the famous master".
238:
so as to receive the name of a good Heyden [
414:
731:
684:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 65–84.
549:
537:
408:
33:(28 January 1693 – 3 March 1766) was an Austrian
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273:Werner today is an almost-forgotten composer.
311:– Banditelli, dir. Pal Nemeth. Quintana 1994.
276:The Penguin Guide to Recorded Classical Music
792:
760:(20 January 2001). "Werner, Gregor Joseph".
657:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
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120:Werner died in Eisenstadt on 3 March 1766.
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885:International Music Score Library Project
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41:period, best known as the predecessor of
715:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
776:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.30135
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521:Search query for sources in RISM Online
486:Schoenbaum, Camillo (20 January 2001).
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225:, whereas by 1761 the new forms of the
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143:. His work includes a series of twenty
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151:, usually in the Esterházy chapel.
24:
815:
706:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
147:, all composed for performance on
25:
1002:
862:
704:Oxford Composer Companions: Haydn
956:18th-century classical composers
918:
906:
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752:(in German). Herbert Utz Verlag.
581:Regulatio chori KissMartoniensis
725:The Harvard Dictionary of Music
655:Haydn: A Creative Life in Music
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590:
574:
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409:Robbins Landon & Jones 1988
280:
514:
479:
466:
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281:reference sources listed below
13:
1:
643:
338:Concilium musicum Wien, dir.
27:Austrian composer (1693–1766)
986:Musicians from Lower Austria
971:Austrian classical composers
951:18th-century Austrian people
881:Free scores by Gregor Werner
268:
7:
991:Pupils of Johann Joseph Fux
961:18th-century male musicians
800:. Oxford University Press.
727:. Harvard University Press.
596:Source for this paragraph:
10:
1007:
966:Austrian Baroque composers
849:W. W. Norton & Company
315:Gregor Werner: Pro Adventu
981:People from Melk District
741:Haydn: His Life and Music
711:Jones, David Wyn (2009).
633:Siegel, Marcia B. (1976)
567:English translation from
488:"NovotnĂ˝, Franz Nikolaus"
255:family seat in Eisenstadt
58:
821:Hughes, Rosemary (1975)
748:Strauss, Ulrike (2009).
622:Webster & Feder 2002
350:
123:
796:; Feder, Georg (2002).
768:Oxford University Press
498:Oxford University Press
891:"Gregor Joseph Werner"
743:. Thames & Hudson.
246:
184:Franz Nikolaus Novotny
733:Robbins Landon, H. C.
344:Christophorus Records
235:
877:at Wikimedia Commons
875:Gregor Joseph Werner
845:The New Grove: Haydn
798:The New Grove: Haydn
678:Sieghard Brandenburg
194:Relations with Haydn
31:Gregor Joseph Werner
18:Gregor Joseph Werner
893:, bach-cantatas.com
721:Randel, Don Michael
319:Ars Antiqua Austria
302:Selected recordings
204:Vice-Kapellmeister.
63:Werner was born in
841:Larsen, Jens Peter
763:Grove Music Online
758:Unverricht, Hubert
493:Grove Music Online
286:The choreographer
216:Nikolaus Esterházy
873:Media related to
807:978-0-333-80407-0
785:978-1-56159-263-0
713:The Life of Haydn
664:978-0-520-04316-9
507:978-1-56159-263-0
459:Translation from
346:CHE 0164-2, 2011.
91:Schloss Esterházy
65:Ybbs an der Donau
51:of the Hungarian
16:(Redirected from
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847:. New York:
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637:. Macmillan.
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200:Joseph Haydn
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169:Joseph Haydn
167:". Works by
137:contrapuntal
135:in a strict
127:
119:
115:church music
111:
80:
62:
46:
43:Joseph Haydn
30:
29:
946:1766 deaths
941:1693 births
461:Randel 2003
326: [
288:Twyla Tharp
223:Baroque era
190:, Hungary.
149:Good Friday
935:Categories
827:J. M. Dent
825:. London:
674:Alan Tyson
644:References
598:Jones 2009
569:Jones 2009
556:Jones 2009
544:Jones 2009
448:Jones 2008
394:Jones 2008
165:folk music
141:symphonies
130:a cappella
103:Paul Anton
95:Eisenstadt
77:Johann Fux
73:Melk Abbey
913:Biography
474:Musicsack
307:Oratorio
269:Reception
202:as their
145:oratorios
89:court in
87:Esterházy
53:Esterházy
739:(1988).
723:(2003).
680:(eds.).
653:(1982).
180:Augsburg
161:Nativity
159:and the
69:organist
35:composer
899:Portals
887:(IMSLP)
883:at the
843:(1997)
600:, 54–55
571:, 54–55
321:, dir.
263:baryton
85:at the
45:as the
39:Baroque
37:of the
855:
833:
804:
782:
688:
661:
504:
309:Debora
265:trio.
157:Advent
133:masses
59:Career
823:Haydn
624:, 15.
612:, 53.
558:, 34.
546:, 43.
534:, 43.
463:, 682
450:, 436
423:, 30.
396:, 435
351:Notes
330:]
153:Jones
124:Works
853:ISBN
831:ISBN
802:ISBN
780:ISBN
686:ISBN
659:ISBN
587:, 67
502:ISBN
411:, 35
188:Győr
772:doi
241:sic
93:in
71:at
937::
851:.
829:.
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735:;
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490:.
428:^
401:^
386:^
358:^
342:.
328:fr
317:–
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20:)
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