1986:
324:
2035:
377:
1944:
521:
352:
2766:
124:
1956:
1971:
25:
66:
2070:
copulation and making the same squeaking sound the male produces during copulation. The purpose of this behavior is to produce respect in the tortoise community so that the female will not be disturbed by the others during egg laying. Further details of egg-laying behavior are the same as those detailed for the
2069:
One or two weeks before egg laying, the animals become notably agitated, moving around to smell and dig in the soil, even tasting it, before choosing the ideal spot to lay the eggs. One or two days before egg laying, the female takes on an aggressive, dominant behavior, mounting another animal as for
2082:
The Greek tortoise is commonly traded as a pet in source countries such as
Morocco and Spain, despite the illegality of this trade. This can lead to an unsustainable removal of wild individuals for the local pet trade and for export. Also, welfare concerns exist with this trade, as the animals are
2065:
During mating, the female stays still, bracing herself with her front legs, moving the front part of her body to the left and right in the same rhythm as the male's cries. One successful mating will allow the female to lay eggs multiple times. When breeding in captivity, the pairs of females and
2009:
differ from females in six main points. Firstly, they are generally smaller. Their tails are longer than females and taper to a point evenly, and the cloacal opening is farther from the base of the tail. The underside is somewhat curved, while females have a flat shell on the underside. The rear
1890:
This incomplete listing shows the problems in the division of the species into subspecies. The differences in form are primarily in size and weight, as well as coloration, which ranges from dark brown to bright yellow, and the types of flecks, ranging from solid colors to many spots. Also, the
1735:
is difficult and confusing. Given its huge range over three continents, the various terrains, climates, and biotopes have produced a huge number of varieties, with new subspecies constantly being discovered. As of 2023, at least 20 subspecies have been published, of which the following 12 are
1918:. It has a particularly bright and striking coloration. However, these are also the most sensitive tortoises of the species, so they cannot be kept outdoors in temperate climates, as cold and rainy summers quickly cause the animals to become ill. They are also incapable of long
2066:
males must be kept separate. If multiple males are in a pen, one takes on a dominant role and will try to mate with the other males in the pen. If more males than females are in a pen, the males might kill each other to mate with the females.
2091:
In captivity, the Greek tortoise loves dandelion leaves and other leafy plants. However, although they also enjoy eating lettuce, it is not recommended to them due to having a lack of nutrients that the tortoises need to survive.
1910:
is also shown in its crossbreeding. Tortoises of different form groups often mate, producing offspring with widely differing shapes and color. Perhaps the best means of identification for the future is simply the place of origin.
2058:, immediately after waking from hibernation, the mating instinct starts up. The males follow the females with great interest, encircling them, biting them in the limbs, ramming them, and trying to mount them. During
2815:
6240:
3098:
2971:
2637:
1523:). The Greek tortoise is a very long-lived animal, achieving a lifespan upwards of 125 years, with some unverified reports up to 200 years. It has the largest known
3110:
3104:
76:
3658:
3652:
3610:
1985:
3670:
3616:
3310:
3292:
2965:
3646:
3316:
3298:
3727:
3682:
3664:
3628:
3304:
2953:
3688:
3322:
3286:
2026:
hibernates during cold months, emerging as early as
February in hot coastal areas. Individual tortoises may emerge during warm days even during winter.
3640:
3676:
2446:
Pérez, Irene; Tenza, Alicia; Anadón, José Daniel; Martínez-Fernández, Julia; Pedreño, Andrés; Giménez, Andrés (2012). "Exurban sprawl increases the
3634:
3622:
3604:
2413:
1929:. Specimens of 7 kg (15 lb) have been reported. In comparison, the Tunisian tortoise has a maximum weight of 0.7 kg (1.5 lb).
87:
3089:
6170:
4678:
4589:
1895:
ranges from minimal to pronounced. So as not to become lost in the number of subspecies, recently, a few tortoises previously classified as
6321:
4597:
4351:
2428:
6276:
1925:
At the other extreme, animals from northeastern Turkey are very robust, such as
Hermann's tortoise. The largest specimens come from
6105:
2599:
6131:
3011:
3200:
3194:
2667:
6196:
188:
6136:
5931:
Turtles of the World 2017 Update: Annotated
Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status
3740:
turtles of the world 2017 update: Annotated checklist and atlas of taxonomy, synonymy, distribution, and conservation status
2359:
from the new Late
Miocene locality of Platania (Drama basin, N. Greece) and a reappraisal of previously published specimens"
6326:
3771:
2010:
portion of a male's carapace is wider than it is long. Finally, the posterior plates of the carapace often flange outward.
160:
2282:
6341:
6286:
5929:
3739:
167:
2266:
601:
225:
207:
105:
52:
6084:
2822:
2229:
6175:
6306:
6097:
1407:
511:
141:
38:
3053:
174:
5804:
4887:
3436:
3251:
3182:
3176:
3048:
2807:
1818:
145:
323:
6157:
3421:
3411:
3073:
6301:
5781:
156:
6331:
6027:
5940:
4463:
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3561:
3426:
3078:
1822:
6032:
6311:
4196:
3416:
3022:
2660:
2350:
6336:
3431:
2839:
2445:
2327:
1781:
1769:
3829:
3188:
376:
6316:
6281:
5995:
4842:
3764:
3342:
3063:
3032:
3001:
2889:
2330:(2015). "The Fossil Chelonians of Greece. Systematics – Evolution – Stratigraphy – Palaeoecology".
80:
that states a
Knowledge editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.
6296:
5698:
3711:
3261:
1838:
896:
134:
6227:
2158:
6291:
5957:
5670:
4470:
4428:
4068:
3068:
3006:
2941:
2935:
2907:
2901:
2895:
2870:
2800:
2447:
2101:
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2184:
6222:
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3916:
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3151:
3058:
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2831:
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2407:
1492:
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6214:
2986:
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1943:
181:
6149:
6053:
6004:
5656:
4322:
3946:
3223:
2959:
2947:
2459:
2059:
1955:
1970:
8:
5641:
4000:
3757:
3716:
3509:
3393:
3156:
2930:
2071:
1508:
341:
44:
2463:
2332:
Scientific Annals of the School of
Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
83:
6009:
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3477:
3383:
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2607:
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884:
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371:
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2180:
1915:
1828:
1787:
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2471:
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2135:
2083:
not properly housed when being sold, causing a high rate of mortality in captivity.
2047:
1850:
1324:
6235:
6045:
5383:
4771:
4746:
4707:
4655:
4386:
3931:
3584:
3454:
3146:
3026:
2782:
2565:
2534:
2475:
2467:
2370:
2203:
2153:
1516:
1487:
1466:
643:
2569:
2034:
6183:
5831:
5479:
5208:
5176:
4813:
4722:
4498:
4084:
3698:
3566:
3256:
3246:
3241:
3042:
1540:
1481:
468:
6253:
6162:
2062:, the male opens his mouth, showing his red tongue and making squeaking sounds.
1937:). The two species can interbreed, producing offspring capable of reproduction.
6092:
6079:
5726:
5716:
5613:
5463:
5303:
5005:
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4692:
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3333:
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2925:
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1600:
656:
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2538:
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6144:
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5789:
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5649:
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4135:
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2792:
2725:
2217:
2144:
2111:
1744:
507:
448:
361:
280:
2497:"Open, Unregulated Trade in Wildlife in Morocco's Markets, TRAFFIC Bulletin"
5841:
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2731:
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1544:
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1026:
6188:
6118:
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5774:
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5605:
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5511:
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5367:
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5020:
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4204:
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4053:
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3962:
3909:
3899:
3525:
3375:
2917:
2850:
2315:
2208:
1919:
705:
255:
2554:"An Assessment of Welfare Conditions in Wildlife Markets across Morocco"
2375:
2354:
2188:
520:
6110:
6019:
5898:
5811:
5797:
5758:
5535:
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5423:
5407:
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5313:
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5267:
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4827:
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4336:
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4076:
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3138:
2774:
2719:
2713:
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529:
438:
300:
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6123:
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5066:
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621:
388:
305:
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123:
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4873:
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4700:
4662:
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4537:
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4407:
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4176:
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3595:
3464:
3233:
3120:
2751:
2695:
2676:
2433:
2043:
1926:
1914:
The smallest, and perhaps the prettiest, of the subspecies, is the
1892:
1568:
1552:
458:
408:
295:
290:
275:
270:
260:
2645:
6201:
5849:
5598:
5503:
5399:
5343:
4923:
4916:
4798:
4648:
4634:
4491:
4456:
4371:
4273:
3813:
3804:
3403:
3352:
2707:
2701:
1631:). However, notable differences enable them to be distinguished.
1612:
1580:
1564:
418:
310:
285:
6058:
5584:
5227:
3819:
3792:
3780:
2689:
2632:
2389:
2316:
Did
Lizards Follow Unique Pathways in Sex Chromosome Evolution?
1560:
1524:
428:
398:
2129:
2127:
6248:
4791:
3858:
3749:
2494:
1900:
1556:
1477:
4287:
2124:
1899:
have been assigned to different species, or even different
1584:
77:
personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay
2523:
in
Morocco: Volumes, value and variation between markets"
2600:"Helpfull [sic] advice for your tortoise diet"
2134:
Tortoise.; Freshwater Turtle
Specialist Group (1996).
2348:
2551:
1933:
is also closely related to the marginated tortoise (
1476:
is one of five species of Mediterranean tortoises (
148:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2748:
2516:
2450:of a threatened tortoise due to pet collections".
1645:Large symmetrical markings on the top of the head
6268:
1575:, to the south), as well as in other regions of
1599:The oldest known definitive fossil is from the
1535:The Greek tortoise's geographic range includes
2261:. Neptune, New Jersey: T. F. H. Publications.
5928:Phylogenetic arrangement of turtles based on
4166:
3765:
3738:Phylogenetic arrangement of turtles based on
2661:
1627:) is often confused with Hermann's tortoise (
2412:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2363:Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece
2252:
2250:
2159:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T21646A9305693.en
1677:Isolated flecks on the spine and rib plates
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
4971:
3898:
3837:
3772:
3758:
2668:
2654:
2179:
2029:
1680:Isolated flecks only on the spinal plates
519:
350:
322:
2558:Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science
2479:
2396:Fossile Schildkroten aus Drei Kontinenten
2390:Staesche K, Karl HV, Staesche U (2007). "
2374:
2326:
2256:
2207:
2173:
2157:
1661:Undivided supracaudal scute over the tail
226:Learn how and when to remove this message
208:Learn how and when to remove this message
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
2639:Broasca Testoasa Greaca - Testudo graeca
2495:Bergin, Daniel; Nijman, Vincent (2014).
2247:
2033:
1731:The division of the Greek tortoise into
1664:Supracaudal scute almost always divided
1603:of Greece, but specimens referred to as
6269:
3201:Saddle-backed Rodrigues giant tortoise
3195:Saddle-backed Mauritius giant tortoise
2488:
2189:"Checklist of Chelonians of the World"
5956:
5955:
3846:
3753:
2649:
1709:Movable posterior plates on underside
6098:3c82b587-faee-4a59-96ff-9c8a81c0341d
146:adding citations to reliable sources
117:
59:
18:
6322:Species endangered by the pet trade
2675:
2392:Fossile Schildkroten aus der Turkei
2293:. 12 September 2016. Archived from
2257:Pritchard, Dr. Peter C. H. (1979).
2145:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1685:Dark central fleck on the underside
1611:are known from the Late and Middle
1530:
13:
1618:
1465:, is a species of tortoise in the
14:
6353:
2626:
2519:"Trade in spur-Thighed tortoises
1891:bending-up of the edges of their
1749:– northern Africa, southern Spain
1693:Shell somewhat oblong rectangular
1688:Two black bands on the underside
34:This article has multiple issues.
6277:IUCN Red List vulnerable species
2764:
2633:European Tortoises. (in German).
1984:
1969:
1954:
1942:
1255:Chkhikvadze & Bakradze, 2002
847:Chkhikvadze & Bakradze, 1991
838:Chkhikvadze & Bakradze, 1991
375:
253:
122:
64:
23:
5874:
5294:
2592:
2552:Bergin, D.; Nijman, V. (2018).
2545:
2510:
2472:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2012.03.016
2439:
2235:from the original on 1 May 2011
1656:Small scales on the front legs
1189:Chkhikvadze & Tuniyev, 1986
1162:Testudo graeca flavominimaralis
133:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
3779:
3183:Domed Rodrigues giant tortoise
3177:Domed Mauritius giant tortoise
3049:Santiago Island giant tortoise
2420:
2383:
2342:
2320:
2309:
2275:
2018:
1701:Widely stretched spinal plates
1653:Large scales on the front legs
1648:Only small scales on the head
1491:). The other four species are
1457:), also known commonly as the
798:Testudo terrestris antakyensis
745:Testudo terrestris anamurensis
1:
3002:Chatham Island giant tortoise
2570:10.1080/10888705.2018.1492408
2517:Nijman, V; Bergin, D (2017).
2117:
2044:Mountain Yamanlar Nature Park
1726:
1720:Tail bears a spur at the tip
1380:Testudo terrestris terrestris
3069:Volcán Darwin giant tortoise
3064:Volcán Alcedo giant tortoise
3054:Pinzón Island giant tortoise
1594:
1203:Testudo terrestris nikolskii
1138:Highfield & Martin, 1989
865:Testudo terrestris armeniaca
680:Highfield & Martin, 1989
316:Possible Late Miocene record
7:
6327:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
5941:List of Testudines families
3562:Flat-backed spider tortoise
3437:Speke's hinge-back tortoise
3427:Lobatse hinge-back tortoise
3252:Goode's thornscrub tortoise
3079:Western Santa Cruz tortoise
3059:Sierra Negra giant tortoise
3007:Eastern Santa Cruz tortoise
2291:The Moirai – Aging Research
2095:
2013:
1736:recognized as being valid.
1669:Notable spurs on each thigh
1433:Testudo terrestris zarudnyi
1264:— Danilov & Milto, 2004
10:
6358:
6342:Habitats Directive species
6287:Reptiles described in 1758
3422:Home's hinge-back tortoise
3417:Forest hinge-back tortoise
3412:Bell's hinge-back tortoise
3074:Volcán Wolf giant tortoise
3023:Hood Island giant tortoise
3012:Fernandina Island tortoise
2762:
1712:Fixed plates on underside
1171:Testudo graeca nabeulensis
1110:Testudo graeca marokkensis
981:Testudo terrestris floweri
904:Testudo terrestris buxtoni
789:Testudo graeca antakyensis
727:Testudo graeca anamurensis
5964:
5924:
5881:
5867:
5829:
5715:
5688:
5553:
5323:
5301:
5285:
5218:
5084:
5046:
4964:
4933:
4781:
4745:
4736:
4536:
4515:
4361:
4248:
4239:
4186:
4157:
4102:
4034:
3887:
3878:
3856:
3855:
3828:
3787:
3736:
3697:
3593:
3575:
3552:
3524:
3486:
3463:
3445:
3432:Natal hinge-back tortoise
3402:
3374:
3351:
3331:
3275:
3232:
3209:
3165:
3137:
3119:
3087:
2997:Cerro Azul giant tortoise
2980:
2916:
2880:
2849:
2840:Aldabrachelys grandidieri
2791:
2773:
2747:
2740:
2684:
2539:10.1163/15685381-00003109
2436:www.reptile-database.org.
2000:
1855:– Israel, Jordan, Lebanon
1547:. It is prevalent in the
1371:Testudo graeca terrestris
1297:Testudo graeca soussensis
1143:Furculachelys nabeulensis
807:Testudo ibera antakyensis
736:Testudo ibera anamurensis
551:
544:
527:
518:
497:
490:
372:Scientific classification
370:
348:
339:
330:
321:
244:
3343:Hesperotestudo percrassa
3099:Cheirogaster bacharidisi
3033:Santa Fe Island tortoise
3018:Floreana Island tortoise
2972:Chelonoidis sombrerensis
2890:African spurred tortoise
2604:www.tortoisecentre.co.uk
2077:
1906:The genetic richness of
1389:Testudo ibera terrestris
1212:Testudo graeca niiolskii
1185:Testudo graeca nikolskii
1134:Testudo flavominimaralis
1073:Testudo terrestris ibera
1046:Testudo ibera racovitzai
928:Testudo graeca cyrenaica
843:Testudo graeca armaniaca
834:Testudo graeca armeniaca
821:Testudo graeca armeniaca
763:Testudo graeca amurensis
3262:Sonoran Desert tortoise
2259:Encyclopedia of Turtles
2086:
2030:Mating and reproduction
1797:Pieh & Perälä, 2002
1415:Testudo graeca zarudnyi
1194:Testudo ibera nikolskii
1114:Pieh & Perälä, 2004
1091:Pieh & Perälä, 2004
1087:Testudo graeca lamberti
932:Pieh & Perälä, 2002
6307:Reptiles of Azerbaijan
3189:Réunion giant tortoise
3111:Cheirogaster schafferi
3105:Cheirogaster gymnesica
2942:Chelonoidis alburyorum
2936:Yellow-footed tortoise
2908:Centrochelys vulcanica
2902:Centrochelys burchardi
2896:Centrochelys atlantica
2871:Astrochelys rogerbouri
2801:Aldabra giant tortoise
2448:extinction probability
2102:Mediterranean tortoise
2051:
1615:in Greece and Turkey.
1424:Testudo ibera zarudnyi
1251:Testudo graeca pallasi
1238:Testudo graeca pallasi
972:Testudo graeca floweri
638:Peltastes mauritanicus
86:by rewriting it in an
6223:Paleobiology Database
3722:Spur-thighed tortoise
3659:Stylemys nebrascensis
3653:Stylemys karakolensis
3611:Stylemys calaverensis
3516:Megalochelys sondaari
3504:Megalochelys cautleyi
3473:Asian forest tortoise
3219:Burmese star tortoise
3039:Pinta Island tortoise
2832:Aldabrachelys abrupta
2037:
1459:spur-thighed tortoise
990:Testudo ibera floweri
913:Testudo ibera buxtoni
713:Testudo graeca whitei
651:Testudo graeca graeca
532:ranges of "Maghreb" (
6093:Fauna Europaea (new)
3712:Kleinmann's tortoise
3671:Stylemys oregonensis
3617:Stylemys canetotiana
3311:Hadrianus schucherti
3293:Hadrianus majusculus
3224:Indian star tortoise
2966:Chelonoidis sellovii
2960:Chelonoidis monensis
2948:Chelonoidis cubensis
2452:Ecological Modelling
2434:The Reptile Database
2297:on 13 September 2018
2209:10.3897/vz.57.e30895
2152:: e.T21646A9305693.
1886:– Turkey, Iran, Iraq
1704:Small spinal plates
1623:The Greek tortoise (
1283:Testudo ibera perses
1055:Testudo graeca ibera
793:— Zwartepoorte, 2000
697:Testudo graeca sarda
688:Furculachelys whitei
142:improve this article
6302:Reptiles of Armenia
3717:Marginated tortoise
3647:Stylemys frizaciana
3510:Megalochelys margae
3394:Travancore tortoise
3317:Hadrianus utahensis
3299:Hadrianus octonaria
2987:Chelonoidis complex
2931:Red-footed tortoise
2464:2012EcMod.245...19P
2376:10.12681/bgsg.11046
2072:marginated tortoise
1640:Hermann's tortoise
1509:marginated tortoise
1152:Testudo nabeulensis
1119:Testudo marokkensis
1064:Testudo ibera ibera
780:Testudo antakyensis
754:Testudo anamurensis
613:Testudo mauritonica
597:Testudo mauritanica
342:Conservation status
16:Species of tortoise
6332:Reptiles of Russia
5049:Nanhsiungchelyidae
5014:Macrocephalochelys
3728:Testudo brevitesta
3707:Hermann's tortoise
3683:Stylemys uintensis
3665:Stylemys neglectus
3629:Stylemys conspecta
3534:Geometric tortoise
3498:Megalochelys atlas
3478:Impressed tortoise
3389:Forsten's tortoise
3384:Elongated tortoise
3305:Hadrianus robustus
2982:Galápagos tortoise
2954:Chelonoidis lutzae
2610:on 29 January 2018
2357:Testudo cf. graeca
2196:Vertebrate Zoology
2107:Timothy (tortoise)
2052:
1864:– Azerbaijan, Iran
1774:– northern Morocco
1761:– southern Morocco
1493:Hermann's tortoise
1320:Testudo terrestris
1306:Testudo soussensis
88:encyclopedic style
75:is written like a
6312:Turtles of Europe
6264:
6263:
6210:Open Tree of Life
5958:Taxon identifiers
5949:
5948:
5920:
5919:
5916:
5915:
5863:
5862:
5859:
5858:
5281:
5280:
5277:
5276:
4960:
4959:
4732:
4731:
4235:
4234:
4153:
4152:
3874:
3873:
3870:
3869:
3866:
3865:
3747:
3746:
3742:. Key: †=extinct.
3689:Stylemys undabuna
3539:Serrated tortoise
3323:Hadrianus vialovi
3287:Hadrianus corsoni
3157:Speckled padloper
3129:Angulate tortoise
2864:Radiated tortoise
2859:Angonoka tortoise
2760:
2759:
2527:Amphibia-Reptilia
1993:T. g. nabeulensis
1916:Tunisian tortoise
1829:Armenian tortoise
1788:Tunisian tortoise
1778:T. g. nabeulensis
1765:T. g. marokkensis
1724:
1723:
1696:Oval shell shape
1527:of all reptiles.
1501:Egyptian tortoise
1445:
1444:
1242:Chkhikvadze, 1989
1224:Testudo nikolskii
1198:— Highfield, 1990
1128:T. g. nabeulensis
1105:T. g. marokkensis
967:Bodenheimer, 1935
946:Testudo cyrenaika
937:Testudo cyrenaica
856:Testudo armeniaca
825:Chkhikvadze, 1989
775:T. g. antakyensis
740:— Highfield, 1990
722:T. g. anamurensis
692:— Highfield, 1990
365:
332:T. g. nabeulensis
251:Pliocene–Holocene
236:
235:
228:
218:
217:
210:
192:
116:
115:
108:
57:
6349:
6337:Reptiles as pets
6257:
6256:
6244:
6243:
6231:
6230:
6218:
6217:
6205:
6204:
6192:
6191:
6179:
6178:
6166:
6165:
6163:NHMSYS0000375751
6153:
6152:
6140:
6139:
6127:
6126:
6114:
6113:
6101:
6100:
6088:
6087:
6075:
6074:
6062:
6061:
6049:
6048:
6036:
6035:
6023:
6022:
6013:
6012:
6000:
5999:
5998:
5985:
5984:
5983:
5953:
5952:
5879:
5878:
5872:
5871:
5384:Chupacabrachelys
5299:
5298:
5292:
5291:
4969:
4968:
4747:Carettochelyidae
4743:
4742:
4246:
4245:
4164:
4163:
3896:
3895:
3885:
3884:
3853:
3852:
3844:
3843:
3835:
3834:
3774:
3767:
3760:
3751:
3750:
3641:Stylemys emiliae
3585:Leopard tortoise
3455:Pancake tortoise
3366:Greater padloper
2783:Russian tortoise
2768:
2767:
2745:
2744:
2670:
2663:
2656:
2647:
2646:
2641:. (in Romanian).
2620:
2619:
2617:
2615:
2606:. Archived from
2596:
2590:
2589:
2549:
2543:
2542:
2514:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2503:
2492:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2443:
2437:
2424:
2418:
2417:
2411:
2403:
2387:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2346:
2340:
2339:
2324:
2318:
2313:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2279:
2273:
2272:
2254:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2240:
2234:
2211:
2193:
2177:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2161:
2131:
1988:
1973:
1958:
1946:
1885:
1876:
1863:
1854:
1847:T. g. terrestris
1842:
1826:
1810:
1798:
1785:
1773:
1760:
1753:T. g. soussensis
1748:
1634:
1633:
1531:Geographic range
1517:Russian tortoise
1463:Moorish tortoise
1438:
1429:
1420:
1411:
1403:Testudo zarudnyi
1394:
1385:
1376:
1364:
1351:
1338:
1328:
1315:T. g. terrestris
1311:
1302:
1292:T. g. soussensis
1288:
1279:
1265:
1256:
1243:
1229:
1217:
1208:
1199:
1190:
1176:
1167:
1157:
1148:
1139:
1124:
1115:
1101:
1096:Testudo lamberti
1092:
1078:
1069:
1060:
1051:
1042:
1030:
1018:
1009:
995:
986:
977:
968:
951:
942:
933:
918:
909:
900:
888:
880:Testudo ecaudata
870:
861:
848:
839:
826:
812:
803:
794:
785:
768:
759:
750:
741:
732:
731:Weissinger, 1987
718:
702:
693:
681:
669:
660:
647:
634:
618:
609:
593:
584:Chersine pusilla
580:
571:
523:
503:
380:
379:
359:
354:
353:
335:male in Tunisia
326:
315:
252:
248:Temporal range:
242:
241:
231:
224:
213:
206:
202:
199:
193:
191:
157:"Greek tortoise"
150:
126:
118:
111:
104:
100:
97:
91:
68:
67:
60:
49:
27:
26:
19:
6357:
6356:
6352:
6351:
6350:
6348:
6347:
6346:
6317:Turtles of Asia
6282:Testudo (genus)
6267:
6266:
6265:
6260:
6252:
6247:
6239:
6234:
6226:
6221:
6213:
6208:
6200:
6195:
6187:
6184:Observation.org
6182:
6174:
6169:
6161:
6156:
6148:
6143:
6135:
6130:
6122:
6117:
6109:
6104:
6096:
6091:
6083:
6078:
6070:
6065:
6057:
6052:
6044:
6039:
6031:
6026:
6018:
6016:
6008:
6003:
5994:
5993:
5988:
5979:
5978:
5973:
5960:
5950:
5945:
5912:
5855:
5832:Sahonachelyidae
5825:
5711:
5684:
5549:
5480:Phosphatochelys
5319:
5273:
5214:
5209:Terlinguachelys
5177:Pneumatoarthrus
5080:
5042:
4956:
4929:
4777:
4728:
4532:
4511:
4499:Siebenrockiella
4357:
4231:
4182:
4149:
4098:
4085:Mesodermochelys
4030:
3891:
3862:
3824:
3783:
3778:
3748:
3743:
3732:
3693:
3677:Stylemys pygmea
3589:
3571:
3567:Spider tortoise
3548:
3520:
3482:
3459:
3441:
3398:
3370:
3361:Common padloper
3347:
3327:
3271:
3257:Gopher tortoise
3247:Desert tortoise
3242:Bolson tortoise
3228:
3205:
3161:
3133:
3115:
3083:
3043:Lonesome George
2976:
2912:
2876:
2845:
2823:A. g. hololissa
2787:
2769:
2765:
2756:
2749:Species of the
2736:
2680:
2674:
2629:
2624:
2623:
2613:
2611:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2550:
2546:
2515:
2511:
2501:
2499:
2493:
2489:
2444:
2440:
2425:
2421:
2405:
2404:
2388:
2384:
2347:
2343:
2325:
2321:
2314:
2310:
2300:
2298:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2269:
2255:
2248:
2238:
2236:
2232:
2191:
2178:
2174:
2164:
2162:
2132:
2125:
2120:
2098:
2089:
2080:
2032:
2021:
2016:
2003:
1996:
1989:
1980:
1974:
1965:
1959:
1950:
1947:
1883:
1870:
1861:
1849:
1837:
1817:
1815:T. g. armeniaca
1805:
1796:
1794:T. g. cyrenaica
1780:
1767:
1755:
1743:
1729:
1621:
1619:Characteristics
1597:
1541:Southern Europe
1533:
1441:
1436:
1435:
1427:
1426:
1419:— Mertens, 1946
1418:
1417:
1406:
1405:
1392:
1391:
1383:
1382:
1375:— Wermuth, 1958
1374:
1373:
1362:
1361:
1359:Testudo zohalfa
1349:
1348:
1346:Testudo zolkafa
1336:
1335:
1333:Testudo zolhafa
1323:
1322:
1309:
1308:
1300:
1299:
1286:
1285:
1277:
1276:
1263:
1262:
1260:Testudo pallasi
1254:
1253:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1227:
1226:
1215:
1214:
1206:
1205:
1197:
1196:
1188:
1187:
1180:T. g. nikolskii
1174:
1173:
1165:
1164:
1155:
1154:
1147:Highfield, 1990
1146:
1145:
1137:
1136:
1122:
1121:
1113:
1112:
1099:
1098:
1090:
1089:
1076:
1075:
1067:
1066:
1059:— Mertens, 1946
1058:
1057:
1050:Călinescu, 1931
1049:
1048:
1040:
1039:
1037:Medaestia ibera
1025:
1024:
1016:
1015:
1007:
1006:
993:
992:
984:
983:
976:— Mertens, 1946
975:
974:
966:
965:
963:Testudo floweri
949:
948:
940:
939:
931:
930:
923:T. g. cyrenaica
916:
915:
907:
906:
895:
894:
892:Testudo buxtoni
883:
882:
868:
867:
859:
858:
849:
846:
845:
837:
836:
827:
824:
823:
816:T. g. armeniaca
810:
809:
801:
800:
792:
791:
783:
782:
766:
765:
757:
756:
748:
747:
739:
738:
730:
729:
716:
715:
701:Ballasina, 1995
700:
699:
691:
690:
679:
678:
668:Nutaphand, 1979
667:
666:
654:
653:
641:
640:
632:
631:
616:
615:
600:
599:
587:
586:
578:
577:
575:Testudo pusilla
569:
568:
557:
556:
536:) and "Greek" (
514:
505:
499:
486:
374:
366:
355:
351:
344:
334:
317:
314:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
288:
283:
278:
273:
268:
263:
258:
250:
249:
246:
232:
221:
220:
219:
214:
203:
197:
194:
151:
149:
139:
127:
112:
101:
95:
92:
84:help improve it
81:
69:
65:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6355:
6345:
6344:
6339:
6334:
6329:
6324:
6319:
6314:
6309:
6304:
6299:
6297:Fauna of Spain
6294:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6262:
6261:
6259:
6258:
6245:
6232:
6219:
6206:
6193:
6180:
6167:
6154:
6141:
6128:
6115:
6102:
6089:
6080:Fauna Europaea
6076:
6063:
6050:
6037:
6024:
6014:
6010:Testudo_graeca
6001:
5996:Testudo graeca
5986:
5970:
5968:
5966:Testudo graeca
5962:
5961:
5947:
5946:
5944:
5943:
5936:
5935:
5934:. † = extinct.
5925:
5922:
5921:
5918:
5917:
5914:
5913:
5911:
5910:
5902:
5894:
5885:
5883:
5876:
5869:
5865:
5864:
5861:
5860:
5857:
5856:
5854:
5853:
5845:
5836:
5834:
5827:
5826:
5824:
5823:
5815:
5808:
5801:
5793:
5785:
5778:
5770:
5762:
5754:
5746:
5738:
5730:
5727:Albertwoodemys
5721:
5719:
5717:Podocnemididae
5713:
5712:
5710:
5709:
5702:
5694:
5692:
5686:
5685:
5683:
5682:
5674:
5667:
5660:
5653:
5645:
5638:
5631:
5624:
5617:
5614:Lomalatachelys
5609:
5602:
5595:
5588:
5581:
5574:
5567:
5559:
5557:
5551:
5550:
5548:
5547:
5539:
5531:
5523:
5515:
5507:
5499:
5491:
5483:
5475:
5467:
5464:Labrostochelys
5459:
5451:
5443:
5435:
5427:
5419:
5411:
5403:
5395:
5387:
5379:
5371:
5363:
5355:
5347:
5339:
5330:
5328:
5321:
5320:
5318:
5317:
5308:
5306:
5304:Araripemydidae
5296:
5289:
5283:
5282:
5279:
5278:
5275:
5274:
5272:
5271:
5263:
5255:
5247:
5239:
5231:
5222:
5220:
5216:
5215:
5213:
5212:
5204:
5196:
5188:
5180:
5172:
5164:
5156:
5148:
5140:
5132:
5124:
5116:
5108:
5100:
5091:
5089:
5082:
5081:
5079:
5078:
5070:
5062:
5053:
5051:
5044:
5043:
5041:
5040:
5032:
5024:
5017:
5009:
5006:Emarginachelys
5001:
4993:
4985:
4977:
4975:
4966:
4962:
4961:
4958:
4957:
4955:
4954:
4951:Sinaspideretes
4946:
4937:
4935:
4931:
4930:
4928:
4927:
4920:
4913:
4906:
4899:
4891:
4884:
4877:
4870:
4862:
4854:
4846:
4839:
4831:
4824:
4817:
4810:
4802:
4795:
4787:
4785:
4779:
4778:
4776:
4775:
4768:
4760:
4751:
4749:
4740:
4734:
4733:
4730:
4729:
4727:
4726:
4719:
4711:
4704:
4696:
4689:
4682:
4674:
4666:
4659:
4652:
4645:
4638:
4631:
4628:Hesperotestudo
4623:
4615:
4608:
4601:
4593:
4585:
4578:
4571:
4564:
4557:
4550:
4542:
4540:
4534:
4533:
4531:
4530:
4522:
4520:
4518:Platysternidae
4513:
4512:
4510:
4509:
4502:
4495:
4488:
4481:
4474:
4467:
4460:
4453:
4446:
4439:
4432:
4425:
4418:
4411:
4404:
4397:
4390:
4383:
4375:
4367:
4365:
4359:
4358:
4356:
4355:
4347:
4340:
4333:
4326:
4319:
4312:
4305:
4298:
4291:
4284:
4277:
4270:
4263:
4254:
4252:
4243:
4237:
4236:
4233:
4232:
4230:
4229:
4222:
4215:
4208:
4200:
4192:
4190:
4184:
4183:
4181:
4180:
4172:
4170:
4168:Dermatemydidae
4161:
4159:Kinosternoidea
4155:
4154:
4151:
4150:
4148:
4147:
4139:
4131:
4128:Procolpochelys
4123:
4115:
4106:
4104:
4100:
4099:
4097:
4096:
4088:
4080:
4072:
4065:
4057:
4049:
4040:
4038:
4036:Dermochelyidae
4032:
4031:
4029:
4028:
4020:
4012:
4004:
3997:
3989:
3981:
3974:
3966:
3958:
3950:
3943:
3935:
3928:
3925:Carolinochelys
3920:
3913:
3904:
3902:
3893:
3882:
3876:
3875:
3872:
3871:
3868:
3867:
3864:
3863:
3850:
3841:
3832:
3826:
3825:
3823:
3822:
3816:
3807:
3801:
3795:
3788:
3785:
3784:
3777:
3776:
3769:
3762:
3754:
3745:
3744:
3737:
3734:
3733:
3731:
3730:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3703:
3701:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3691:
3685:
3679:
3673:
3667:
3661:
3655:
3649:
3643:
3637:
3635:Stylemys copei
3631:
3625:
3623:Stylemys capax
3619:
3613:
3607:
3605:Stylemys botti
3600:
3598:
3591:
3590:
3588:
3587:
3581:
3579:
3573:
3572:
3570:
3569:
3564:
3558:
3556:
3550:
3549:
3547:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3530:
3528:
3522:
3521:
3519:
3518:
3512:
3506:
3500:
3493:
3491:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3480:
3475:
3469:
3467:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3457:
3451:
3449:
3443:
3442:
3440:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3408:
3406:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3380:
3378:
3372:
3371:
3369:
3368:
3363:
3357:
3355:
3349:
3348:
3346:
3345:
3338:
3336:
3334:Hesperotestudo
3329:
3328:
3326:
3325:
3319:
3313:
3307:
3301:
3295:
3289:
3282:
3280:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3269:
3267:Texas tortoise
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3238:
3236:
3230:
3229:
3227:
3226:
3221:
3215:
3213:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3203:
3197:
3191:
3185:
3179:
3172:
3170:
3163:
3162:
3160:
3159:
3154:
3152:Karoo padloper
3149:
3143:
3141:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3131:
3125:
3123:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3107:
3101:
3094:
3092:
3085:
3084:
3082:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3035:
3030:
3020:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2989:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2974:
2968:
2962:
2956:
2950:
2944:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2926:Chaco tortoise
2922:
2920:
2914:
2913:
2911:
2910:
2904:
2898:
2892:
2886:
2884:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2866:
2861:
2855:
2853:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2843:
2835:
2827:
2819:
2816:A. g. daudinii
2811:
2804:
2797:
2795:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2785:
2779:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2742:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2734:
2728:
2722:
2716:
2710:
2704:
2698:
2692:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2673:
2672:
2665:
2658:
2650:
2644:
2643:
2635:
2628:
2627:External links
2625:
2622:
2621:
2591:
2564:(3): 279–288.
2544:
2533:(3): 275–287.
2521:Testudo graeca
2509:
2487:
2438:
2419:
2382:
2341:
2319:
2308:
2285:Testudo graeca
2274:
2267:
2246:
2202:(2): 296–300.
2172:
2138:Testudo graeca
2122:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2097:
2094:
2088:
2085:
2079:
2076:
2048:İzmir Province
2040:Testudo graeca
2031:
2028:
2024:Testudo graeca
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1997:
1990:
1983:
1981:
1975:
1968:
1966:
1960:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1941:
1888:
1887:
1878:
1865:
1862:Nikolsky, 1896
1859:T. g. zarudnyi
1856:
1844:
1832:
1812:
1800:
1791:
1775:
1762:
1750:
1728:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1718:
1714:
1713:
1710:
1706:
1705:
1702:
1698:
1697:
1694:
1690:
1689:
1686:
1682:
1681:
1678:
1674:
1673:
1670:
1666:
1665:
1662:
1658:
1657:
1654:
1650:
1649:
1646:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1637:Greek tortoise
1620:
1617:
1601:Early Pliocene
1596:
1593:
1545:Southwest Asia
1532:
1529:
1521:A. horsfieldii
1474:Testudo graeca
1454:Testudo graeca
1449:Greek tortoise
1443:
1442:
1440:
1439:
1430:
1421:
1412:
1400:
1398:T. g. zarudnyi
1395:
1393:— Artner, 2003
1386:
1377:
1368:
1363:Forsskål, 1835
1355:
1350:Forsskål, 1831
1342:
1337:Forsskål, 1831
1329:
1317:
1312:
1310:— Vetter, 2002
1303:
1294:
1289:
1287:— Artner, 2003
1280:
1274:Testudo perses
1271:
1266:
1257:
1248:
1235:
1230:
1228:— Vetter, 2002
1221:
1209:
1200:
1191:
1182:
1177:
1175:— Artner, 1996
1168:
1166:— Artner, 1996
1158:
1149:
1140:
1130:
1125:
1123:— Perälä, 2004
1116:
1107:
1102:
1100:— Perälä, 2004
1093:
1084:
1082:T. g. lamberti
1079:
1070:
1061:
1052:
1043:
1041:— Wussow, 1916
1034:
1022:Testudo iberia
1019:
1017:— Brandt, 1852
1013:Chersus iberus
1010:
1001:
996:
994:— Artner, 2003
987:
978:
969:
960:
955:
950:Stettner, 2004
943:
941:— Vetter, 2002
934:
925:
919:
917:— Artner, 2003
910:
901:
889:
876:
871:
862:
860:— Vetter, 2002
853:
840:
831:
818:
813:
811:— Artner, 2003
804:
795:
786:
777:
772:
760:
758:— Vetter, 2002
751:
742:
733:
724:
719:
717:— Artner, 1996
710:
694:
685:
676:Testudo whitie
673:
664:Testudo gracea
661:
648:
635:
629:Testudo whitei
626:
610:
602:A.M.C. Duméril
594:
581:
579:Linnaeus, 1758
572:
570:Linnaeus, 1758
566:Testudo graeca
563:
554:
553:
552:
549:
548:
542:
541:
540:) populations
525:
524:
516:
515:
506:
501:Testudo graeca
495:
494:
488:
487:
483:T. graeca
480:
478:
474:
473:
466:
462:
461:
456:
452:
451:
446:
442:
441:
436:
432:
431:
426:
422:
421:
416:
412:
411:
406:
402:
401:
396:
392:
391:
386:
382:
381:
368:
367:
349:
346:
345:
340:
337:
336:
328:
327:
319:
318:
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
284:
279:
274:
269:
264:
259:
254:
247:
245:Greek tortoise
234:
233:
216:
215:
130:
128:
121:
114:
113:
72:
70:
63:
58:
32:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6354:
6343:
6340:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6330:
6328:
6325:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6303:
6300:
6298:
6295:
6293:
6292:Fauna of Iran
6290:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6274:
6272:
6255:
6250:
6246:
6242:
6237:
6233:
6229:
6224:
6220:
6216:
6211:
6207:
6203:
6198:
6194:
6190:
6185:
6181:
6177:
6172:
6168:
6164:
6159:
6155:
6151:
6146:
6142:
6138:
6133:
6129:
6125:
6120:
6116:
6112:
6107:
6103:
6099:
6094:
6090:
6086:
6081:
6077:
6073:
6068:
6064:
6060:
6055:
6051:
6047:
6042:
6038:
6034:
6029:
6025:
6021:
6015:
6011:
6006:
6002:
5997:
5991:
5987:
5982:
5976:
5972:
5971:
5969:
5967:
5963:
5959:
5954:
5942:
5938:
5937:
5933:
5932:
5927:
5926:
5923:
5909:
5908:
5907:Tacuarembemys
5903:
5901:
5900:
5895:
5893:
5892:
5887:
5886:
5884:
5880:
5877:
5873:
5870:
5866:
5852:
5851:
5846:
5844:
5843:
5842:Sahonachelys
5838:
5837:
5835:
5833:
5828:
5822:
5821:
5816:
5814:
5813:
5809:
5807:
5806:
5805:Peltocephalus
5802:
5800:
5799:
5794:
5792:
5791:
5790:Lapparentemys
5786:
5784:
5783:
5779:
5777:
5776:
5771:
5769:
5768:
5763:
5761:
5760:
5755:
5753:
5752:
5747:
5745:
5744:
5739:
5737:
5736:
5731:
5729:
5728:
5723:
5722:
5720:
5718:
5714:
5708:
5707:
5703:
5701:
5700:
5696:
5695:
5693:
5691:
5690:Pelomedusidae
5687:
5681:
5680:
5679:Yaminuechelys
5675:
5673:
5672:
5668:
5666:
5665:
5661:
5659:
5658:
5654:
5652:
5651:
5650:Prochelidella
5646:
5644:
5643:
5639:
5637:
5636:
5632:
5630:
5629:
5625:
5623:
5622:
5618:
5616:
5615:
5610:
5608:
5607:
5603:
5601:
5600:
5596:
5594:
5593:
5589:
5587:
5586:
5582:
5580:
5579:
5575:
5573:
5572:
5568:
5566:
5565:
5564:Acanthochelys
5561:
5560:
5558:
5556:
5552:
5546:
5545:
5540:
5538:
5537:
5532:
5530:
5529:
5524:
5522:
5521:
5516:
5514:
5513:
5508:
5506:
5505:
5500:
5498:
5497:
5492:
5490:
5489:
5484:
5482:
5481:
5476:
5474:
5473:
5468:
5466:
5465:
5460:
5458:
5457:
5452:
5450:
5449:
5448:Kinkonychelys
5444:
5442:
5441:
5436:
5434:
5433:
5432:Itapecuruemys
5428:
5426:
5425:
5420:
5418:
5417:
5412:
5410:
5409:
5404:
5402:
5401:
5396:
5394:
5393:
5392:Eotaphrosphys
5388:
5386:
5385:
5380:
5378:
5377:
5372:
5370:
5369:
5364:
5362:
5361:
5356:
5354:
5353:
5348:
5346:
5345:
5340:
5338:
5337:
5332:
5331:
5329:
5327:
5326:Bothremydidae
5322:
5316:
5315:
5310:
5309:
5307:
5305:
5300:
5297:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5284:
5270:
5269:
5264:
5262:
5261:
5256:
5254:
5253:
5248:
5246:
5245:
5240:
5238:
5237:
5236:Argillochelys
5232:
5230:
5229:
5224:
5223:
5221:
5217:
5211:
5210:
5205:
5203:
5202:
5201:Santanachelys
5197:
5195:
5194:
5189:
5187:
5186:
5181:
5179:
5178:
5173:
5171:
5170:
5165:
5163:
5162:
5157:
5155:
5154:
5149:
5147:
5146:
5145:Desmatochelys
5141:
5139:
5138:
5133:
5131:
5130:
5129:Calcarichelys
5125:
5123:
5122:
5117:
5115:
5114:
5113:Atlantochelys
5109:
5107:
5106:
5101:
5099:
5098:
5093:
5092:
5090:
5088:
5087:Protostegidae
5083:
5077:
5076:
5075:Jiangxichelys
5071:
5069:
5068:
5063:
5061:
5060:
5059:Anomalochelys
5055:
5054:
5052:
5050:
5045:
5039:
5038:
5037:Protochelydra
5033:
5031:
5030:
5029:Planiplastron
5025:
5023:
5022:
5018:
5016:
5015:
5010:
5008:
5007:
5002:
5000:
4999:
4994:
4992:
4991:
4986:
4984:
4983:
4979:
4978:
4976:
4974:
4970:
4967:
4963:
4953:
4952:
4947:
4945:
4944:
4939:
4938:
4936:
4932:
4926:
4925:
4921:
4919:
4918:
4914:
4912:
4911:
4907:
4905:
4904:
4900:
4898:
4897:
4892:
4890:
4889:
4885:
4883:
4882:
4878:
4876:
4875:
4871:
4869:
4868:
4863:
4861:
4860:
4855:
4853:
4852:
4847:
4845:
4844:
4840:
4838:
4837:
4836:Drazinderetes
4832:
4830:
4829:
4825:
4823:
4822:
4818:
4816:
4815:
4811:
4809:
4808:
4803:
4801:
4800:
4796:
4794:
4793:
4789:
4788:
4786:
4784:
4780:
4774:
4773:
4772:Carettochelys
4769:
4767:
4766:
4761:
4759:
4758:
4753:
4752:
4750:
4748:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4735:
4725:
4724:
4720:
4718:
4717:
4712:
4710:
4709:
4705:
4703:
4702:
4697:
4695:
4694:
4690:
4688:
4687:
4683:
4681:
4680:
4675:
4673:
4672:
4667:
4665:
4664:
4660:
4658:
4657:
4656:Malacochersus
4653:
4651:
4650:
4646:
4644:
4643:
4639:
4637:
4636:
4632:
4630:
4629:
4624:
4622:
4621:
4616:
4614:
4613:
4609:
4607:
4606:
4602:
4600:
4599:
4594:
4592:
4591:
4586:
4584:
4583:
4579:
4577:
4576:
4572:
4570:
4569:
4565:
4563:
4562:
4558:
4556:
4555:
4551:
4549:
4548:
4547:Aldabrachelys
4544:
4543:
4541:
4539:
4535:
4529:
4528:
4524:
4523:
4521:
4519:
4514:
4508:
4507:
4503:
4501:
4500:
4496:
4494:
4493:
4489:
4487:
4486:
4482:
4480:
4479:
4475:
4473:
4472:
4468:
4466:
4465:
4461:
4459:
4458:
4454:
4452:
4451:
4447:
4445:
4444:
4440:
4438:
4437:
4433:
4431:
4430:
4429:Leucocephalon
4426:
4424:
4423:
4419:
4417:
4416:
4412:
4410:
4409:
4405:
4403:
4402:
4398:
4396:
4395:
4391:
4389:
4388:
4384:
4382:
4381:
4380:Banhxeochelys
4376:
4374:
4373:
4369:
4368:
4366:
4364:
4360:
4354:
4353:
4348:
4346:
4345:
4341:
4339:
4338:
4334:
4332:
4331:
4327:
4325:
4324:
4320:
4318:
4317:
4313:
4311:
4310:
4306:
4304:
4303:
4299:
4297:
4296:
4292:
4290:
4289:
4285:
4283:
4282:
4278:
4276:
4275:
4271:
4269:
4268:
4264:
4262:
4261:
4256:
4255:
4253:
4251:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4241:Testudinoidea
4238:
4228:
4227:
4223:
4221:
4220:
4216:
4214:
4213:
4209:
4207:
4206:
4201:
4199:
4198:
4194:
4193:
4191:
4189:
4188:Kinosternidae
4185:
4179:
4178:
4174:
4173:
4171:
4169:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4156:
4146:
4145:
4140:
4138:
4137:
4136:Protosphargis
4132:
4130:
4129:
4124:
4122:
4121:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4108:
4107:
4105:
4101:
4095:
4094:
4089:
4087:
4086:
4081:
4079:
4078:
4073:
4071:
4070:
4066:
4064:
4063:
4058:
4056:
4055:
4050:
4048:
4047:
4042:
4041:
4039:
4037:
4033:
4027:
4026:
4021:
4019:
4018:
4013:
4011:
4010:
4005:
4003:
4002:
3998:
3996:
3995:
3990:
3988:
3987:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3975:
3973:
3972:
3967:
3965:
3964:
3959:
3957:
3956:
3951:
3949:
3948:
3944:
3942:
3941:
3936:
3934:
3933:
3929:
3927:
3926:
3921:
3919:
3918:
3914:
3912:
3911:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3901:
3897:
3894:
3892:(Sea turtles)
3890:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3877:
3861:
3860:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3827:
3821:
3817:
3815:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3802:
3800:
3796:
3794:
3790:
3789:
3786:
3782:
3775:
3770:
3768:
3763:
3761:
3756:
3755:
3752:
3741:
3735:
3729:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3700:
3696:
3690:
3686:
3684:
3680:
3678:
3674:
3672:
3668:
3666:
3662:
3660:
3656:
3654:
3650:
3648:
3644:
3642:
3638:
3636:
3632:
3630:
3626:
3624:
3620:
3618:
3614:
3612:
3608:
3606:
3602:
3601:
3599:
3597:
3592:
3586:
3583:
3582:
3580:
3578:
3574:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3555:
3551:
3545:
3544:Tent tortoise
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3527:
3523:
3517:
3513:
3511:
3507:
3505:
3501:
3499:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3490:
3485:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3470:
3468:
3466:
3462:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3450:
3448:
3447:Malacochersus
3444:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3409:
3407:
3405:
3401:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3381:
3379:
3377:
3373:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3350:
3344:
3340:
3339:
3337:
3335:
3330:
3324:
3320:
3318:
3314:
3312:
3308:
3306:
3302:
3300:
3296:
3294:
3290:
3288:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3279:
3274:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3235:
3231:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3216:
3214:
3212:
3208:
3202:
3198:
3196:
3192:
3190:
3186:
3184:
3180:
3178:
3174:
3173:
3171:
3169:
3164:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3147:Nama padloper
3145:
3144:
3142:
3140:
3136:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3122:
3118:
3112:
3108:
3106:
3102:
3100:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3091:
3086:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3028:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2983:
2979:
2973:
2969:
2967:
2963:
2961:
2957:
2955:
2951:
2949:
2945:
2943:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2919:
2915:
2909:
2905:
2903:
2899:
2897:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2883:
2879:
2873:
2872:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2852:
2848:
2842:
2841:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2828:
2825:
2824:
2820:
2818:
2817:
2812:
2810:
2809:
2808:A. g. arnoldi
2805:
2802:
2799:
2798:
2796:
2794:
2793:Aldabrachelys
2790:
2784:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2776:
2772:
2754:
2753:
2746:
2743:
2739:
2733:
2729:
2727:
2726:Testudinoidea
2724:Superfamily:
2723:
2721:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2709:
2705:
2703:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2691:
2687:
2686:
2683:
2678:
2671:
2666:
2664:
2659:
2657:
2652:
2651:
2648:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2630:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2595:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2548:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2522:
2513:
2498:
2491:
2482:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2442:
2435:
2431:
2430:
2423:
2415:
2409:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2386:
2377:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2358:
2352:
2345:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2323:
2317:
2312:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2286:
2278:
2270:
2268:0-87666-918-6
2264:
2260:
2253:
2251:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2176:
2160:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2146:
2141:
2139:
2130:
2128:
2123:
2113:
2112:Jackson ratio
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2093:
2084:
2075:
2073:
2067:
2063:
2061:
2057:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2036:
2027:
2025:
2011:
2008:
1994:
1987:
1982:
1978:
1972:
1967:
1963:
1957:
1952:
1945:
1940:
1939:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1923:
1921:
1917:
1912:
1909:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1882:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1866:
1860:
1857:
1852:
1848:
1845:
1843:– Caspian Sea
1840:
1836:
1835:T. g. buxtoni
1833:
1830:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1813:
1808:
1804:
1801:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1783:
1779:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1763:
1758:
1754:
1751:
1746:
1742:
1739:
1738:
1737:
1734:
1719:
1716:
1715:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1703:
1700:
1699:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1644:
1643:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1616:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1592:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1551:coast of the
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1528:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1505:T. kleinmanni
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1489:
1484:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1455:
1450:
1437:— David, 1994
1434:
1431:
1428:— Gmira, 1993
1425:
1422:
1416:
1413:
1409:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1390:
1387:
1384:— David, 1994
1381:
1378:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1366:(nomen nudum)
1360:
1356:
1354:
1353:(nomen nudum)
1347:
1343:
1341:
1340:(nomen nudum)
1334:
1330:
1326:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1307:
1304:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1284:
1281:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1261:
1258:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1246:(nomen nudum)
1239:
1236:
1234:
1233:T. g. pallasi
1231:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1213:
1210:
1207:— David, 1994
1204:
1201:
1195:
1192:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1172:
1169:
1163:
1159:
1156:— Welch, 1994
1153:
1150:
1144:
1141:
1135:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1120:
1117:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1097:
1094:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1077:— David, 1994
1074:
1071:
1068:— Gmira, 1993
1065:
1062:
1056:
1053:
1047:
1044:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1020:
1014:
1011:
1005:
1004:Testudo ibera
1002:
1000:
997:
991:
988:
985:— David, 1994
982:
979:
973:
970:
964:
961:
959:
958:T. g. floweri
956:
954:
947:
944:
938:
935:
929:
926:
924:
920:
914:
911:
905:
902:
898:
893:
890:
886:
881:
877:
875:
874:T. g. buxtoni
872:
866:
863:
857:
854:
852:
844:
841:
835:
832:
830:
829:(nomen nudum)
822:
819:
817:
814:
808:
805:
799:
796:
790:
787:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
764:
761:
755:
752:
749:— David, 1994
746:
743:
737:
734:
728:
725:
723:
720:
714:
711:
709:
707:
698:
695:
689:
686:
684:
677:
674:
672:
665:
662:
658:
652:
649:
645:
639:
636:
633:Bennett, 1836
630:
627:
625:
623:
617:Kercado, 1835
614:
611:
607:
603:
598:
595:
591:
585:
582:
576:
573:
567:
564:
562:
559:
558:
550:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
526:
522:
517:
513:
509:
504:
502:
496:
493:
492:Binomial name
489:
485:
484:
479:
476:
475:
472:
471:
467:
464:
463:
460:
457:
454:
453:
450:
449:Testudinoidea
447:
445:Superfamily:
444:
443:
440:
437:
434:
433:
430:
427:
424:
423:
420:
417:
414:
413:
410:
407:
404:
403:
400:
397:
394:
393:
390:
387:
384:
383:
378:
373:
369:
363:
358:
347:
343:
338:
333:
329:
325:
320:
312:
307:
302:
297:
292:
287:
282:
277:
272:
267:
262:
257:
243:
240:
238:
230:
227:
212:
209:
201:
190:
187:
183:
180:
176:
173:
169:
166:
162:
159: –
158:
154:
153:Find sources:
147:
143:
137:
136:
131:This article
129:
125:
120:
119:
110:
107:
99:
89:
85:
79:
78:
73:This article
71:
62:
61:
56:
54:
47:
46:
41:
40:
35:
30:
21:
20:
5965:
5930:
5905:
5897:
5889:
5848:
5840:
5818:
5810:
5803:
5796:
5788:
5782:Erymnochelys
5780:
5773:
5767:Cerrejonemys
5765:
5757:
5749:
5743:Brontochelys
5741:
5733:
5725:
5704:
5697:
5677:
5669:
5662:
5657:Pseudemydura
5655:
5648:
5640:
5633:
5626:
5619:
5612:
5604:
5597:
5590:
5583:
5576:
5569:
5562:
5542:
5534:
5526:
5518:
5510:
5502:
5494:
5486:
5478:
5470:
5462:
5454:
5446:
5438:
5430:
5422:
5414:
5406:
5398:
5390:
5382:
5374:
5366:
5358:
5350:
5342:
5334:
5312:
5266:
5260:Prionochelys
5258:
5250:
5242:
5234:
5226:
5207:
5199:
5191:
5183:
5175:
5167:
5159:
5151:
5143:
5137:Cratochelone
5135:
5127:
5121:Bouliachelys
5119:
5111:
5103:
5097:Alienochelys
5095:
5073:
5065:
5057:
5035:
5027:
5019:
5012:
5004:
4998:Chelydropsis
4996:
4988:
4980:
4949:
4943:Basilochelys
4941:
4922:
4915:
4908:
4901:
4894:
4886:
4879:
4872:
4867:Khunnuchelys
4865:
4857:
4849:
4841:
4834:
4826:
4819:
4812:
4805:
4797:
4790:
4783:Trionychidae
4770:
4763:
4757:Allaeochelys
4755:
4721:
4714:
4708:Stigmochelys
4706:
4699:
4691:
4684:
4677:
4671:Megalochelys
4669:
4661:
4654:
4647:
4640:
4633:
4626:
4618:
4610:
4603:
4596:
4588:
4582:Cylindraspis
4580:
4573:
4566:
4561:Centrochelys
4559:
4552:
4545:
4538:Testudinidae
4527:Platysternon
4525:
4506:Vijayachelys
4504:
4497:
4490:
4485:Rhinoclemmys
4483:
4476:
4469:
4462:
4455:
4450:Melanochelys
4448:
4441:
4434:
4427:
4420:
4413:
4406:
4399:
4392:
4385:
4378:
4370:
4350:
4342:
4335:
4328:
4321:
4314:
4307:
4300:
4293:
4286:
4279:
4272:
4265:
4260:Acherontemys
4258:
4226:Sternotherus
4224:
4217:
4210:
4203:
4195:
4175:
4142:
4134:
4126:
4118:
4110:
4093:Psephophorus
4091:
4083:
4075:
4067:
4060:
4052:
4044:
4023:
4015:
4009:Pacifichelys
4007:
3999:
3992:
3984:
3978:Lepidochelys
3976:
3969:
3961:
3955:Gigantatypus
3953:
3947:Eretmochelys
3945:
3938:
3930:
3923:
3915:
3908:
3889:Chelonioidea
3857:
3809:
3577:Stigmochelys
3489:Megalochelys
3168:Cylindraspis
3090:Cheirogaster
2882:Centrochelys
2869:
2838:
2830:
2821:
2814:
2806:
2803:(subspecies:
2750:
2732:Testudinidae
2638:
2612:. Retrieved
2608:the original
2603:
2594:
2561:
2557:
2547:
2530:
2526:
2520:
2512:
2500:. Retrieved
2490:
2455:
2451:
2441:
2427:
2422:
2408:cite journal
2399:
2395:
2391:
2385:
2366:
2362:
2356:
2344:
2335:
2331:
2322:
2311:
2299:. Retrieved
2295:the original
2290:
2284:
2277:
2258:
2237:. Retrieved
2199:
2195:
2185:Havaš, Peter
2175:
2163:. Retrieved
2149:
2143:
2137:
2090:
2081:
2068:
2064:
2055:
2053:
2039:
2023:
2022:
2006:
2004:
1992:
1976:
1961:
1935:T. marginata
1934:
1930:
1924:
1913:
1907:
1905:
1896:
1889:
1884:Perälä, 2002
1881:T. g. perses
1880:
1872:
1868:T. g. whitei
1867:
1858:
1846:
1834:
1814:
1802:
1793:
1777:
1764:
1752:
1741:T. g. graeca
1740:
1730:
1717:No tail spur
1628:
1624:
1622:
1608:
1604:
1598:
1537:North Africa
1534:
1520:
1513:T. marginata
1512:
1504:
1496:
1486:
1480:
1473:
1470:Testudinidae
1462:
1458:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1446:
1432:
1423:
1414:
1402:
1397:
1388:
1379:
1370:
1365:
1358:
1352:
1345:
1339:
1332:
1319:
1314:
1305:
1296:
1291:
1282:
1278:Perälä, 2002
1273:
1269:T. g. perses
1268:
1259:
1250:
1245:
1237:
1232:
1223:
1218:
1211:
1202:
1193:
1184:
1179:
1170:
1161:
1151:
1142:
1133:
1127:
1118:
1109:
1104:
1095:
1086:
1081:
1072:
1063:
1054:
1045:
1036:
1031:
1021:
1012:
1008:Pallas, 1814
1003:
998:
989:
980:
971:
962:
957:
952:
945:
936:
927:
922:
912:
908:— Bour, 2002
903:
891:
879:
873:
869:— Bour, 2002
864:
855:
850:
842:
833:
828:
820:
815:
806:
802:— Bour, 2002
797:
788:
784:Perälä, 1996
779:
774:
769:
762:
753:
744:
735:
726:
721:
712:
703:
696:
687:
682:
675:
670:
663:
650:
637:
628:
619:
612:
596:
583:
574:
565:
561:T. g. graeca
560:
537:
534:T. g. graeca
533:
500:
498:
482:
481:
469:
459:Testudinidae
331:
239:
237:
222:
204:
195:
185:
178:
171:
164:
152:
140:Please help
135:verification
132:
102:
93:
74:
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
6119:iNaturalist
5990:Wikispecies
5820:Stupendemys
5775:Cordichelys
5621:Mesoclemmys
5606:Hydromedusa
5528:Taphrosphys
5520:Sankuchemys
5512:Rhothonemys
5488:Polysternon
5368:Cearachelys
5352:Azabbaremys
5336:Araiochelys
5252:Ctenochelys
5244:Bashuchelys
5193:Rhinochelys
5169:Ocepechelon
5161:Notochelone
5153:Iserosaurus
5021:Macrochelys
4973:Chelydridae
4896:Palaeoamyda
4821:Cyclanorbis
4686:Psammobates
4679:Oligopherus
4642:Indotestudo
4590:Cymatholcus
4568:Chelonoidis
4554:Astrochelys
4363:Geoemydidae
4281:Deirochelys
4219:Staurotypus
4212:Kinosternon
4205:Hoplochelys
4120:Peritresius
4069:Dermochelys
4062:Cosmochelys
4054:Corsochelys
3971:Itilochelys
3963:Glarichelys
3910:Allopleuron
3900:Cheloniidae
3839:Superfamily
3526:Psammobates
3376:Indotestudo
2918:Chelonoidis
2851:Astrochelys
2481:10261/67281
2349:Vlachos E,
2301:13 December
2165:19 November
2019:Hibernation
1977:T. g. ibera
1962:T. g. ibera
1920:hibernation
1875:White, 1836
1819:Chkhikvadze
1803:T. g. ibera
1768:Pieh &
1629:T. hermanni
1625:T. g. ibera
1515:), and the
1497:T. hermanni
1219:(ex errore)
1216:Paull, 1997
1032:(ex errore)
999:T. g. ibera
953:(ex errore)
851:(ex errore)
770:(ex errore)
767:Ferri, 2002
706:nomen nudum
683:(ex errore)
671:(ex errore)
538:T. g. ibera
198:August 2024
96:August 2024
6271:Categories
5899:Caririemys
5812:Podocnemis
5798:Latentemys
5759:Carbonemys
5699:Pelomedusa
5536:Ummulisani
5456:Kurmademys
5424:Inaechelys
5408:Galianemys
5376:Chedighaii
5314:Araripemys
5287:Pleurodira
5268:Toxochelys
5185:Protostega
4990:Chelydrops
4910:Pelodiscus
4903:Pelochelys
4851:Gilmoremys
4828:Cycloderma
4738:Trionychia
4605:Geochelone
4598:Floridemys
4464:Notochelys
4352:Wilburemys
4323:Malaclemys
4177:Dermatemys
4144:Puppigerus
4077:Eosphargis
3994:Miocaretta
3986:Mexichelys
3880:Cryptodira
3820:Testudines
3781:Testudines
3211:Geochelone
3139:Chersobius
2775:Agrionemys
2720:Cryptodira
2718:Suborder:
2714:Testudines
2706:Subclass:
2614:29 January
2351:Tsoukala E
2181:Fritz, Uwe
2118:References
2060:copulation
2042:mating in
2038:A pair of
1995:in Tunisia
1733:subspecies
1727:Subspecies
1589:Azerbaijan
1488:Agrionemys
1301:Pieh, 2001
530:allopatric
439:Cryptodira
435:Suborder:
429:Testudines
357:Vulnerable
168:newspapers
39:improve it
5939:See also
5891:Caribemys
5751:Caninemys
5735:Bauruemys
5664:Rheodytes
5628:Myuchelys
5571:Chelodina
5496:Puentemys
5472:Nigeremys
5416:Ilatardia
5360:Bothremys
5067:Basilemys
4881:Nilssonia
4859:Hutchemys
4807:Axestemys
4765:Anosteira
4620:Hadrianus
4478:Pangshura
4436:Malayemys
4401:Geoclemys
4344:Trachemys
4337:Terrapene
4330:Pseudemys
4316:Graptemys
4309:Glyptemys
4302:Emydoidea
4295:Actinemys
4267:Chrysemys
4112:Euclastes
3940:Eochelone
3791:Kingdom:
3278:Hadrianus
2688:Kingdom:
2458:: 19–30.
2402:: 91–149.
2369:: 27–40.
2328:Vlachos E
2218:1864-5755
2056:T. graeca
2007:T. graeca
2005:Males of
1991:juvenile
1979:, 4 years
1964:in Turkey
1949:in Greece
1931:T. graeca
1908:T. graeca
1897:T. graeca
1893:carapaces
1877:– Algeria
1839:Boulenger
1831:, Armenia
1790:, Tunisia
1782:Highfield
1672:No spurs
1595:Evolution
1549:Black Sea
897:Boulenger
622:ex errore
477:Species:
395:Kingdom:
389:Eukaryota
45:talk page
6249:Species+
6017:BioLib:
5975:Wikidata
5706:Pelusios
5671:Rhinemys
5642:Platemys
5635:Phrynops
5555:Chelidae
5544:Zolhafah
5440:Jainemys
5105:Archelon
4982:Chelydra
4874:Lissemys
4716:Stylemys
4701:Solitudo
4663:Manouria
4612:Gopherus
4575:Chersina
4443:Mauremys
4422:Heosemys
4415:Hardella
4408:Geoemyda
4394:Cyclemys
4250:Emydidae
4197:Claudius
4046:Arabemys
4025:Tasbacka
4017:Syllomus
3932:Chelonia
3830:Suborder
3814:Diapsida
3805:Reptilia
3799:Chordata
3797:Phylum:
3793:Animalia
3596:Stylemys
3465:Manouria
3234:Gopherus
3121:Chersina
2752:tortoise
2730:Family:
2708:Anapsida
2702:Reptilia
2696:Chordata
2694:Phylum:
2690:Animalia
2677:Tortoise
2586:51967901
2578:30102072
2502:23 March
2353:(2014).
2338:: 1–479.
2230:Archived
2226:87809001
2187:(2007).
2096:See also
2050:, Turkey
2014:Behavior
1927:Bulgaria
1871:Bennett
1823:Bakradse
1811:– Turkey
1745:Linnaeus
1569:Abkhazia
1553:Caucasus
1408:Nikolsky
1325:Forsskål
546:Synonyms
508:Linnaeus
455:Family:
419:Reptilia
409:Chordata
405:Phylum:
399:Animalia
385:Domain:
362:IUCN 3.1
6202:1498232
6111:2441461
6059:1055221
5981:Q504549
5850:Sokatra
5599:Emydura
5504:Rosasia
5400:Foxemys
5344:Arenila
4924:Trionyx
4917:Rafetus
4843:Dogania
4799:Apalone
4723:Testudo
4649:Kinixys
4635:Homopus
4492:Sacalia
4471:Orlitia
4457:Morenia
4372:Batagur
4274:Clemmys
4001:Natator
3917:Caretta
3818:Order:
3803:Class:
3699:Testudo
3404:Kinixys
3353:Homopus
2712:Order:
2700:Class:
2460:Bibcode
2429:Testudo
1851:Forskål
1799:– Libya
1613:Miocene
1605:Testudo
1581:Armenia
1577:Georgia
1573:Georgia
1565:Sukhumi
1507:), the
1499:), the
1482:Testudo
657:Mertens
470:Testudo
465:Genus:
425:Order:
415:Class:
360: (
182:scholar
82:Please
6241:graeca
6228:364325
6215:207423
6137:551865
6085:214789
6072:TSTDGR
5882:
5875:
5868:
5592:Elusor
5585:Elseya
5578:Chelus
5295:
5228:Adocus
5219:
4965:
4934:
4814:Chitra
4516:
4103:
3848:Family
2755:family
2741:Genera
2679:family
2584:
2576:
2426:Genus
2265:
2239:29 May
2224:
2216:
2001:Sexing
1901:genera
1853:, 1775
1841:, 1921
1825:, 1991
1821:&
1809:, 1814
1807:Pallas
1784:, 1990
1772:, 2004
1770:Perälä
1759:, 2000
1747:, 1758
1609:graeca
1587:, and
1561:Russia
1555:(from
1543:, and
1525:genome
1478:genera
1467:family
1410:, 1896
1327:, 1775
1029:, 1853
899:, 1921
887:, 1814
885:Pallas
659:, 1946
646:, 1873
608:, 1835
606:Bibron
604:&
592:, 1820
590:Merrem
184:
177:
170:
163:
155:
6189:79931
6176:86975
6150:21646
6124:40023
6046:55JSJ
6033:81514
4888:Palea
4792:Amyda
4693:Pyxis
4387:Cuora
3859:Genus
3810:Clade
3554:Pyxis
3027:Diego
2582:S2CID
2233:(PDF)
2222:S2CID
2192:(PDF)
2078:Trade
1563:, to
1557:Anapa
1027:Blyth
528:Note
189:JSTOR
175:books
6254:3993
6197:OBIS
6171:NCBI
6145:IUCN
6132:ITIS
6106:GBIF
6067:EPPO
6028:BOLD
4288:Emys
2616:2018
2574:PMID
2504:2015
2414:link
2303:2016
2263:ISBN
2241:2012
2214:ISSN
2167:2021
2150:1996
2087:Food
1757:Pieh
1607:cf.
1585:Iran
1485:and
1447:The
644:Gray
555:List
512:1758
256:PreꞒ
161:news
6158:NBN
6054:EoL
6041:CoL
6020:341
6005:ADW
2566:doi
2535:doi
2476:hdl
2468:doi
2456:245
2432:at
2394:".
2371:doi
2336:173
2204:doi
2154:doi
2054:In
1461:or
144:by
6273::
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6238::
6236:RD
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296:J
291:T
286:P
281:C
276:D
271:S
266:O
261:Ꞓ
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