235:, would arrive in a "special parlour horse car direct from 42nd street to Ausable for $ 100." One party consisted of ten family members and an equal number of servants, "three horses, two dogs, one carriage, five large boxes of tents, three cases of wine, two packages of stovepipe, two stoves, one bale of china, one iron pot, four washstands, one barrel of hardware, four bundles of poles, seventeen cots and seventeen mattresses, four canvas packages, one buckboard, , twenty-five trunks, thirteen small boxes, one boat, one hamper", all of which was then transferred to wagons for the 36 mile ride to Paul Smiths, and thence by boat to their island campsite.
90:
74:
43:
59:
288:, Alfred Lee Donaldson was writing that "Among Adirondack terms calling for exact definition is the word 'camp.'... If you chance to know a millionaire, you may be housed in a cobblestone castle, tread on Persian rugs, bathe in a marble tub, and retire by electric light--and still your host may call his mountain home a 'camp.'"
328:
to become active in saving Camp
Sagamore. Professor Malo represented the organization in negotiating with the State of New York to spare the Sagamore buildings. As president of the organization he subsequently led the Preservation League's campaign to amend the New York State Constitution in order to
323:
in 1976. In the early 1980s staff of the
Adirondack Museum recognized the Great Camps as a historic resource of the region and undertook some documentation. Gilborn, on learning that Sagamore Camp was threatened with demolition, contacted Paul Malo at Syracuse University, knowing the professor to be
238:
As the region's hotels became more civilized and elaborate (Paul Smith's started without indoor plumbing), so too did the camps. But the use of rustic, native materials and craftsmen remained, as did a tendency to use separate buildings for separate functions, from dining to sleeping cabins, bowling
226:
The early Great Camps started life as simple tent camps, often on land initially leased from hotel owners, as hotel guests sought a more authentic wilderness experience. The tent camps evolved into tent platforms or lean-tos and then into compounds of rustic cabins. Even in the early stages, some of
274:
tradition, elaborate private lodges and cabins owned by groups of wealthy
Easterners were constructed in the wilderness. Often families originated from New York or Chicago and traveled by train to spend long periods in summer in the high country. Some lodges in the West were built by railroad
340:
Shortly after demolition of the historic buildings at
Sagamore Camp was averted, nearby Camp Uncas was similarly threatened. The same couple who saved Sagamore Camp, Howard Kirschenbaum and Barbara Glaser, negotiated with the State of New York, acquiring these buildings to save them.
329:
save the service complex buildings at Camp
Sagamore, adding them to the landmark complex. The Preservation League also conducted an extensive survey of the region, identifying more than thirty properties that might be considered "Great Camps of the Adirondacks."
129:"Consciously sited in remote locations, characterized by the use of logs and indigenous stone, shingled roofs with broad overhangs and porches, and simply-proportioned window and door openings, these building complexes are among our most original examples of
254:
specifically excluded anyone "against whom there is any reasonable physical, moral, social or race objection ... This invariable rule is rigidly enforced: it is found impracticable to make exceptions to Jews or others excluded...." Wealthy Jews such as
303:
put it "If a college or university, regarded as the best societal steward of cultural properties, could now treat them as part of an investment portfolio, then the camps were in real jeopardy." Particularly worrisome was the fact that, under the
332:
At the same time, Harvey Kaiser, a vice-president of
Syracuse University, interviewed owners and others familiar with these historic properties, photographing the buildings in their settings. He wrote and illustrated an important 1982 book,
283:
The term "great camp" was used as early as 1916, although it was not until the late twentieth century, when preservation of these historic properties became a widely shared concern, that the term was given academic currency. By 1921, in
355:
In July 1986, a multiple property submission for registration of 10 great camps on the
National Register was completed. It was certified in September 1986 by the State Historic Preservation Officer. The 10 camps covered were:
538:
something common links the rudimentary hunter's shanty and the Great Camp … architect-designed camps…called
Decorous Camps by the author in preference to Great Camp … use of the word "great" by the Preservation League
458:
Since the early preservation crises, appreciation of the Great Camps of the
Adirondacks has increased, so that fewer seem to be in jeopardy at this time (2006), though the properties are large and costly to maintain.
246:
The largest and most luxurious camps were generally built on large landholdings; Adirondack land was cheap and the buyers were extraordinarily wealthy. Many of them were
125:. In time, however, this was accomplished without leaving the comforts of civilization behind; some great camps even contained a bowling alley or movie theatre.
776:
814:
819:
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159:, an early developer of the camps, was familiar with all three styles and adapted them to local materials and the skills of the craftsmen.
62:
747:
348:, a regional preservation organization that undertook a long, eventually successful campaign to save the historic buildings of the
219:. By 1875 there were more than two hundred hotels in the Adirondacks, some of them with several hundred rooms; the most famous was
766:
109:
refers to the grandiose family compounds of cabins that were built in the latter half of the nineteenth century on lakes in the
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in 1869 started a flood of tourists to the area, leading to a rash of hotel building and the development of stage coach lines.
325:
270:
The Great Camp tradition has analogues in the western United States, especially in the Rocky
Mountains. Closely tied to the
320:
514:
700:
524:
345:
267:) purchased land and constructed Great Camps when they found it impossible to join the established Adirondack clubs.
305:
809:
337:," which popularized the term, stimulating wider public concern for preservation of these landmark buildings.
121:. The camps were summer homes for the wealthy, where they could relax, host or attend parties, and enjoy the
545:…published the next year by Harey Kaiser … "Great Camp" comes trippingly off the tongue of almoste everybody
432:
309:
772:
National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form: Great Camps of the Adirondacks Thematic Resources
17:
478:
711:
299:, which had been a gift to the university from Margaret Emerson. As Craig Gilborn, Director of the
141:
263:, and Evelyn Lehman Ehrich and Harriet Lehman (daughters of one of the founders of brokerage firm
468:
240:
176:
130:
36:
32:
204:
180:
118:
28:
771:
641:
220:
216:
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were not discovered until more than fifty years after the discovery of the headwaters of the
228:
192:
106:
94:
66:
744:
681:. Blue Mountain Lake, NY: Adirondack Museum; Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 2000.
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interests, who were able to pick the best land while surveying potential railroad routes.
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alleys to dance pavilions, all connected by covered walkways as features of a distinctive
8:
643:
National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Great Camps of the Adirondacks
395:
292:
232:
200:
156:
89:
324:
an architectural historian interested in regional landmarks. Professor Malo induced the
452:
428:
406:
349:
208:
145:
82:
696:
520:
448:
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788:, "Out-Twigging the Neighbors; In the Adirondacks, Great Camps Are Sprouting Again"
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751:
493:
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417:
313:
264:
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excluded from the traditional Adirondack resorts. For example, the rules of the
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191:. Although a few sportsmen had shown some interest earlier, the publication of
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78:
792:
803:
444:
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296:
168:
114:
73:
51:
756:
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These were subsequently added to the National Register in 1986 and 1987.
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these camps became quite elaborate. In 1883 one of the first families on
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110:
473:
436:
390:
375:
271:
122:
385:
256:
47:
42:
167:
The Adirondack region was one of the last areas of the northeastern
672:
Santanoni: From Japanese Temple to Life at an Adirondack Great Camp
291:
The realization that the camps were vulnerable came when, in 1975,
686:
Durant: Fortunes and Woodland Camps of a Family in the Adirondacks
207:, acquired a large tract of central Adirondack land and built the
152:
197:
Adventures in the Wilderness; Or Camp-Life in the Adirondacks
58:
247:
727:. New York, NY: Rizzoli International Publications, 2009.
674:. Keesville, NY: Adirondack Architectural Heritage, 2000.
761:
732:
The Adirondacks: a History of America's First Wilderness
725:
Rustic: Country Houses, Rural Dwellings, Wooded Retreats
312:, if the camp were acquired by the state as part of the
780:, "Preserving Adirondacks Great Camps", June 11, 1992
695:, Blue Mountain Lake, NY: Adirondack Museum, 1964.
137:The style of the Great Camps was influenced by the
745:Haynes, Wesley. Adirondack Great Camp Theme Study
679:Adirondack Camps: Homes Away from Home, 1850-1950
171:to be explored by settlers; the headwaters of the
516:Adirondack Camps: Homes Away From Home, 1850-1950
801:
670:Engel, Robert; Howard Kirschenbaum; Paul Malo.
403:(a boundary increase to the Sagamore Camp), and
588:Schneider, p. 244, as quoted in Morgan, p. 30
316:, the buildings would have to be destroyed.
734:. New York: Henry Holt & Company, 1997.
815:Residential buildings in New York (state)
77:The boathouse and one of the cottages at
639:
633:
88:
72:
57:
41:
820:Rustic architecture in New York (state)
720:. Utica, NY: North Country Books, 2001.
688:. Utica, NY: North Country Books, 1981.
512:
14:
802:
619:Donaldson, as quoted in Morgan, p. 42
326:Preservation League of New York State
767:Great Camp Santanoni-Town of Newcomb
321:National Register of Historic Places
657:
24:
667:. New York: The Century Co., 1921.
25:
831:
762:Adirondack Architectural Heritage
738:
346:Adirondack Architectural Heritage
344:Howard Kirschenbaum then founded
710:Boston: David R. Godine, 1982.
640:Gobrecht, Larry E. (July 1986),
708:Great Camps of the Adirondacks.
691:Hooker, Mildred Phelps Stokes,
278:
231:, that of the wealthy merchant
622:
613:
600:
591:
582:
569:
560:
551:
543:Great Camps of the Adirondacks
506:
335:Great Camps of the Adirondacks
203:, who had helped to build the
13:
1:
519:. Syracuse University Press.
793:PBS "Adirondack Great Camps"
665:A History of the Adirondacks
286:A History of the Adirondacks
7:
462:
433:National Historic Landmarks
319:Sagamore was listed on the
310:New York State Constitution
27:For the Great Camps at the
10:
836:
513:Gilborn, Craig A. (2000).
162:
26:
479:Carnegie Camp North Point
499:
295:announced plans to sell
142:Arts and Crafts Movement
663:Donaldson, Alfred Lee,
649:, National Park Service
469:Adirondack Architecture
241:Adirondack Architecture
177:Lake Tear of the Clouds
131:vernacular architecture
37:1938 Gettysburg reunion
33:1913 Gettysburg reunion
810:Adirondack Great Camps
716:Kirschenbaum, Howard.
416:was added in 2006 and
205:Union Pacific railroad
98:
86:
70:
55:
29:Gettysburg Battlefield
217:North Creek, New York
92:
76:
61:
45:
229:Upper St. Regis Lake
193:William H. H. Murray
148:style as well as by
107:Adirondack Mountains
95:Upper St. Regis Lake
67:Upper St. Regis Lake
435:, in 2000, as have
396:Prospect Point Camp
293:Syracuse University
259:, Alfred Lewisohn,
233:Anson Phelps Stokes
201:Thomas Clark Durant
157:William West Durant
93:Pine Tree Point on
750:2004-06-10 at the
453:Upper Saranac Lake
431:have since become
429:Santanoni Preserve
407:Santanoni Preserve
350:Santanoni Preserve
221:Paul Smith's Hotel
209:Adirondack Railway
146:American Craftsman
99:
87:
83:Lower Saranac Lake
71:
56:
730:Schneider, Paul.
718:Story of Sagamore
706:Kaiser, Harvey.
677:Gilborn, Craig.
597:Morgan, pp. 30-31
449:Camp Eagle Island
361:Camp Eagle Island
308:provision of the
301:Adirondack Museum
261:Daniel Guggenheim
211:from fashionable
179:on the slopes of
16:(Redirected from
827:
684:Gilborn, Craig.
658:Other references
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608:Adirondack Camps
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252:Lake Placid Club
213:Saratoga Springs
189:Canadian Rockies
144:and the related
21:
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830:
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826:
825:
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799:
752:Wayback Machine
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693:Camp Chronicles
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494:White Pine Camp
489:Pine Tree Point
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447:and Girl Scout
418:Werrenrath Camp
314:Forest Preserve
281:
265:Lehman Brothers
248:Jewish families
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40:
23:
22:
15:
12:
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786:New York Times
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778:New York Times
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769:
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757:Camp Santanoni
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740:
739:External links
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728:
723:Morgan, Bret.
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714:
712:Google preview
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566:Hooker, p. 2-3
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484:Knollwood Club
481:
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441:Camp Pine Knot
414:Flat Rock Camp
410:
409:
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401:Sagamore Lodge
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378:
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366:Camp Pine Knot
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280:
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185:Columbia River
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135:
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79:Knollwood Club
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3:
2:
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445:Raquette Lake
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425:Sagamore Camp
421:
419:
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381:Camp Wild Air
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371:Camp Topridge
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297:Sagamore Camp
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169:United States
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115:Spitfire Lake
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64:
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53:
52:Camp Topridge
50:boathouse at
49:
44:
38:
34:
30:
19:
797:
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777:
731:
724:
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664:
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576:
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557:Kaiser, p. 2
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541:
537:
536:
530:. Retrieved
515:
508:
457:
422:
411:
354:
343:
339:
334:
331:
318:
306:Forever Wild
290:
285:
282:
279:Preservation
269:
245:
237:
225:
196:
173:Hudson River
166:
136:
119:Rainbow Lake
102:
100:
455:, in 2004.
181:Mount Marcy
111:Adirondacks
103:Great Camps
804:Categories
532:2011-11-30
474:Joe Bryere
437:Camp Uncas
391:Moss Ledge
376:Camp Uncas
272:dude ranch
123:wilderness
63:Camp Katia
18:Great Camp
606:Gilborn,
420:in 2010.
386:Echo Camp
257:Otto Kahn
48:twig work
748:Archived
610:, p. 300
575:Morgan,
463:See also
155:design.
113:such as
579:, p. 30
187:in the
163:History
139:British
105:of the
699:
577:Rustic
523:
153:chalet
31:, see
647:(pdf)
629:Ibid.
500:Notes
423:Both
175:near
150:Swiss
697:ISBN
521:ISBN
427:and
117:and
101:The
46:The
35:and
451:on
443:at
215:to
195:'s
81:on
65:on
806::
535:.
439:,
352:.
243:.
223:.
133:."
703:.
333:"
97:.
85:.
69:.
54:.
39:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
