26:
97:. These were introduced to Iceland by an immigrant from Norway named Úlfljótr, sometime during the 920's. Following several years of modification and revision, Úlfljótr's laws were approved by an initial assembly. Out of this meeting, the annual general assembly known as the
207:—based on Norwegian laws—were adopted. There is scholarly disagreement, however, about how representative the Grágás are regarding the legal tradition that existed during Viking age Iceland. Arguably, the codification of oral law in the
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present different information, sometimes complementary information, and sometimes contradictory information. This could represent the way in which the law was interpreted differently by different scribes or by different citizens.
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Grágás: Stykker, som findes i det
Arnamagnæanske haandskrift Ms. 351 fol. Skálhóltsbók og en række andre haandskrifter, tilligemed et ordregister til Grágás, oversigter over haandskrifterne, og facsimilier af de vigtigste
164:, AM 334 fol), apparently written in 1280. The ornate detail and appearance of the volumes suggests that they were created for a wealthy, literate man, though scholars cannot be certain. Because the
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196:, each year over a three-year period. In 1117, the Alþingi decided that all the laws should be written down and this was accomplished at
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The term "Gray Goose Laws", used to describe the laws of the
Icelandic Commonwealth by the 16th century, may refer to the following:
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does not contain a unified body of law, as arguably one never existed in the
Icelandic Commonwealth. Instead, the
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laws originally existed in two different forms, each has a unique written account of the law. Sometimes the
262:. University of Manitoba Icelandic Studies, 3, 5. 2 vols. Winnipeg: University of Manitoba, 1980–2000.
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and was probably mistakenly used to describe the existing collection of
Icelandic law during the
93:, the earliest Icelandic laws were modeled on those from the Norwegian west-coast law-province,
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240:(Copenhagen: Gyldendal, 1879). Edition and translation of the Staðarhólsbók (AM 334 fol) text.
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Laws of Early
Iceland: Grágás. The Codex Regis of Grágás with Material from Other Manuscripts
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because of the age of the laws—it was then believed that geese lived longer than other birds.
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Grágás: Islændernes lovbog i fristatens tid, udg. efter det kongelige
Bibliotheks Haanskrift
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better represents
Icelandic legal tradition post-Christianity, thus after the year 1000.
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for legislative and judicial meetings which would be supervised by the
Lawspeaker.
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310:, vol. 1, Reykjavík: Bókaútgafa Menningarsjóðs og Þjóðvinafélagsins, 1974
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73:. The Grágás laws in Iceland were presumably in use until 1262–1264 when
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was originally used in a medieval source to refer to a collection of
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was established. Each following summer, Icelanders would convene at
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Icelanders and the Kings of Norway: Mediaeval Sagas and Legal Texts
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233:. Edition and translation of the Konungsbók (GKS 1157 fol) text.
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These laws remained in force until 1271–1273 at which time the
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was derived from two smaller, fragmentary volumes known as the
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The existing
Icelandic Commonwealth laws that now exist as the
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Boulhosa, Patricia Press. “The Law of Óláfr inn Helgi.” In
200:’s farm over that winter and published the following year.
54:
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Grágás efter det
Arnamagnæanske Haandskrift Nr. 334 fol.
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the fact that the laws were written with a goose quill,
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156:, GKS 1157 fol), apparently written around 1260, and
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never actually existed in one complete volume during
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the fact that the laws were bound in goose skin, or
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327:- Contains photographs of the text in manuscript
231:http://www.septentrionalia.net/etexts/gragas.pdf
162:Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies
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282:Medieval Iceland: Society, Sagas, and Power
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16:Laws from the Icelandic Commonwealth period
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321:Handbok i norrøn filologi - Faksimilar
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236:Vilhjálmur Finsen (ed. and trans.),
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296:London: Penguin, 2001.
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290:The 'Grey Goose' Law
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