116:, focus increasingly on common interests of workers and employers, and attempt to regain prestige by appointing Owen as Grand Master. The organisation began to break up in the summer of 1834 and by November, it had ceased to function: Owen called a congress in
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The organisation was riven by disagreement over the approach to take, given that many strikes had been lost, the
Tolpuddle case had discouraged workers from joining unions, and several new unions had collapsed. The initial reaction was to rename itself the
139:. In 1838, it was able to expand significantly by sending out "social missionaries", setting up fifty branches, most in Cheshire, Lancashire and Yorkshire. In 1839, the National Community and the Association of All Classes merged to form the
131:, with himself as Preliminary Father. This was essentially a propaganda organisation, with little popular support, which attempted to gain the ear of influential individuals to propose a more rational society. In 1837, it registered as a
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61:-based system of co-operative production. He was able to gain the support of the Builders' Union, which called for a Grand National Guild to take over the entire building trade. In February 1834, a conference was held in
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and to seek to affiliate with the Grand
National. This was discovered, and in 1834 they were convicted of swearing unlawful oaths, and they were sentenced to
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with himself as Grand Master, but it was defunct by the end of 1834. Meanwhile, the
Builders' Union broke up into smaller trade-based unions.
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84:. These were discouraged by the new union, which unsuccessfully tried to persuade workers to adopt co-operative solutions. Six labourers in
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and, as a result, initially Owen did not join it. Its foundation coincided with a period of industrial unrest, and strikes broke out in
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42:, established in 1830. However, this had soon failed, and by the early 1830s the most influential labour organization was the
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Despite its name, the Grand
National was never able to gain significant support outside London and, as a result, Lovett's
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was its most important successor. The next attempt to form a national union confederation was the
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British and
Foreign Consolidated Association of Industry, Humanity and Knowledge
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to reduce their sentence. They were issued with a free pardon in March 1836.
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The new body, unlike other organisations founded by Owen, was open only to
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Citizens and Saints: Politics and Anti-Politics in Early
British Socialism
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The
Routledge companion to Britain in the nineteenth century, 1815-1914
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Co-operation and the
Owenite socialist communities in Britain, 1825-45
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Owen persevered, holding a congress on 1 May 1835 to constitute a new
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New
Cambridge Modern History: the zenith of European power, 1830-70
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Friendly
Association of the Unionists of All Classes of All Nations
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National Association of United Trades for the Protection of Labour
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which founded the Grand National Consolidated Trades Union.
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Class and conflict in nineteenth-century England, 1815-1850
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W. H. Oliver, "The Consolidated Trades' Union of 1834",
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and there was a large and successful campaign led by
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Universal Community Society of Rational Religionists
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Robert Owen and the Owenites in Britain and America
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British Trade Union Posters: An Illustrated History
135:, but was initially overshadowed by Owen's similar
451:National trade union centres of the United Kingdom
413:Robert Owen and the Commencement of the Millennium
40:National Association for the Protection of Labour
34:There had been several attempts to form national
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23:of 1834 was an early attempt to form a national
404:, New Series, Vol. 17, No. 1 (1964), pp. 77-95
471:Socialist organisations in the United Kingdom
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100:for seven years. They became known as the
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436:1834 establishments in the United Kingdom
129:Association of All Classes of All Nations
476:Trade unions disestablished in the 1830s
21:Grand National Consolidated Trades Union
16:Former trade union of the United Kingdom
373:, University of California Press, p.211
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137:National Community Friendly Society
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371:Robert Owen: Social Idealist
369:Harvey, Rowland Hill (1949)
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402:The Economic History Review
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44:Operative Builders' Union
258:Harrison, J.F.C. (1969)
339:Claeys, Gregory (2002)
242:Ronald George Garnett,
92:, attempted to found a
441:1834 disestablishments
330:Royle (1998) p.55-60
170:Rodney Mace (1999).
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25:union confederation
229:Ivor Marsh et al,
53:returned from the
456:Utopian socialism
391:Royle (1998) p.95
382:Royle (1998) p.65
360:Royle (1998) p.56
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102:Tolpuddle Martyrs
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49:In 1833,
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