77:
65:
353:
782:
31:
320:
758:
46:
453:
497:
on-slip. This is as a result of the slip roads on the west side of the junction connecting to the roundabout on the inside of the eastern arc rather than the outside of the western arc as is normal. The two slip-roads are connected by a single lane on the inside of the roundabout, which traffic wishing to use the
Westbound on-slip must join, and traffic from the Eastbound off-slip must leave.
731:(called underpasses in North America as well as in the United Kingdom when referring to roads) may be employed to allow pedestrians and cyclists to cross busy or fast streets. They are often used over and under motorways since at grade pedestrian crossings are generally not permitted. Same can be said for railways. Though introduced to
496:
Where junctions have unusual designs weaving can be a problem other than on the main road. An example of this can be found at
Junction 7 of the M6, where traffic joining the roundabout from the M6 Eastbound off-slip must weave with the traffic already on the roundabout wishing to use the M6 Westbound
464:
is a result of placing an exit ramp a short distance after an entry ramp, causing conflicts between traffic attempting to leave the roadway at the next junction and traffic attempting to enter from the previous junction. This situation is most prevalent either where the junction designer has placed
206:
Grade-separated road junctions are typically space-intensive, complicated, and costly, due to the need for large physical structures such as tunnels, ramps, and bridges. Their height can be obtrusive, and this, combined with the large traffic volumes that grade-separated roads attract, tend to make
210:
Rail-over-rail grade separations take up less space than road grade separations: because shoulders are not needed, there are generally fewer branches and side road connections to accommodate (because a partial grade separation will accomplish more improvement than for a road), and because at-grade
214:
Grade-separated pedestrian and cycling routes often require modest space since they do not typically intersect with the facility (such as a highway) that they cross. However, grade-separated pedestrian crossings with steps introduce accessibility problems. Some crossings have
296:
are chosen to be grade separated, through their entire length or for part of it. Grade separation drastically increases the capacity of a road compared to an identical road with at-grade junctions. For instance, it is extremely uncommon to find an at-grade junction on a
442:
Compact grade-separation, whereby the two roads are linked by a compact "connector road", with major-minor priority junctions at each of its ends; usually a variant of the cloverleaf type interchange, but only involving two quadrants rather than
580:
Attempts have been made to increase the capacity of railways by making tracks cross in a grade-separated manner, as opposed to the traditional use of flat crossings to change tracks. A grade-separated rail interchange is known as a
829:
811:
416:
These junctions connect two roads, but only one is fully grade-separated, i.e. traffic on one road does not have to stop at yield lines or signals on one road, but may have to do so when switching to the other:
456:
An example of weaving, where traffic drives on the left. The blue car entering the grade-separated road, and both the red and blue car exiting must both change lanes in the short distance provided.
600:
south of
Basingstoke to allow traffic on the Salisbury and Southampton routes to converge without conflicting movements; this became known as "Battledown Flyover". Also in Britain, the
837:
808:
211:
railway connections often take up significant space on their own. However, they require significant engineering effort, and are very expensive and time-consuming to construct.
531:. This greatly improves safety and is crucial to the safe operation of high-speed lines. The construction of new level crossings is generally not permitted, especially for
535:
lines and level crossings are increasingly less common due to the increase of both road and rail traffic. Efforts to remove level crossings are done in the UK by
890:
222:
Grade-separated roads that permit for higher speed limits can actually reduce safety due to 'weaving' (see below) as well as a perceived sense of safety.
493:. Weaving can often cause side-on collisions on very fast roads with top speeds of up to 200 kilometres per hour, as well as the problem of blind spots.
207:
them unpopular to nearby landowners and residents. For these reasons, proposals for new grade-separated roads can receive significant public opposition.
104:
on other transit routes when they cross each other. The composition of such transport axes does not have to be uniform; it can consist of a mixture of
781:
862:
757:
190:
Roads with grade separation generally allow traffic to move freely, with fewer interruptions, and at higher overall speeds; this is why
1005:
642:
239:
in which the direct flow of traffic on one or more of the roads is not disrupted. Instead of a direct connection, traffic must use
909:
308:
If traffic can traverse the junction from any direction without being forced to come to a halt, then the junction is described as
298:
611:—although technically a combination of many junctions—handle more than 4,000 trains per day (about one train every 15 seconds).
1113:
1058:
194:
are typically higher for grade-separated roads. In addition, reducing the complexity of traffic movements reduces the risk of
943:
558:, built between 1896 and 1899, was the first fully grade-separated railway of this type in the UK. This also applies to
858:
273:) to access the other roads at the junction. The road which carries on through the junction can also be referred to as
2323:
608:
601:
593:
80:
The concept of grade separation includes all transport modes, such as a simple pedestrian bridge over rail tracks.
1453:
1418:
17:
735:
in New York City in the 1860s, subways are far more common today in Europe, especially in countries such as the
630:
lines, the faster speed requires grade separation. Therefore, many high speed lines are elevated, especially in
2328:
1443:
1428:
1043:
544:
431:
426:
2305:
2295:
1532:
1423:
1068:
2300:
2114:
1639:
1502:
1458:
1018:
2021:
1911:
1108:
870:
1199:
736:
501:
76:
376:(two-level, three-level, or four-level stack, depending on how many levels cross at the central point)
100:
of two or more surface transport axes at different heights (grades) so that they will not disrupt the
2310:
2129:
985:
302:
1957:
708:
and other regions using the same gauge, the most complicated grade-separation railpoint is found at
2290:
2016:
2011:
1986:
1103:
1023:
936:
638:, where population density alongside high speed lines is higher than in France, Italy or Germany.
64:
2349:
551:
352:
2223:
2190:
1527:
1497:
1438:
1403:
1078:
631:
604:
later made extensive use of flying junctions on other parts of its busy former LSWR main line.
466:
379:
140:), or a combination of both can be built at a junction to achieve the needed grade separation.
35:
2185:
1906:
1522:
1413:
1013:
658:
555:
332:
161:
527:
by making any roads or footpaths crossing the line either pass under or over the railway on
2228:
1926:
1649:
1547:
1433:
1033:
8:
2180:
2054:
1773:
1729:
1617:
1469:
1408:
1164:
1149:
1144:
1038:
972:
929:
705:
615:
421:
384:
155:
89:
906:
2084:
1898:
1883:
1694:
1629:
1552:
1537:
1482:
1386:
1320:
1310:
1281:
1218:
1088:
1053:
740:
728:
690:
682:
662:
627:
532:
470:
405:
149:
97:
2144:
1947:
1878:
1828:
1567:
1448:
1286:
1258:
1243:
1228:
1098:
1093:
1083:
666:
373:
85:
2001:
1976:
1763:
1679:
1674:
1589:
1347:
1189:
995:
990:
686:
674:
597:
293:
195:
30:
2238:
2198:
2109:
2099:
2069:
2059:
2044:
2006:
1962:
1788:
1778:
1709:
1325:
1028:
913:
815:
582:
575:
524:
2208:
2170:
2139:
2119:
2104:
1916:
1798:
1340:
1268:
1139:
1134:
1073:
1063:
955:
830:"Read the ebook Traffic engineering handbook by Institute of Traffic Engineers"
607:
Today in
Britain, the tightly grouped nest of flying junctions to the north of
586:
518:
319:
266:
173:
167:
113:
2343:
2218:
2175:
2124:
2064:
2029:
1996:
1863:
1813:
1803:
1704:
1634:
1624:
1517:
1487:
1376:
1335:
1253:
1129:
963:
701:
654:
248:
236:
465:
the on-slip to the road before the off-slip at a junction (for example, the
2243:
2233:
2134:
2089:
2049:
2039:
2034:
1991:
1873:
1868:
1793:
1719:
1689:
1581:
1562:
1492:
1330:
1238:
980:
894:
788:
732:
657:
was completed in 1913. The most frequent use was later found on the former
536:
482:
361:
357:
101:
2213:
1858:
1848:
1823:
1748:
1659:
1612:
1607:
1557:
1362:
1294:
1263:
764:
724:
256:
191:
836:. New Haven, Connecticut: Institute of Traffic Engineers. Archived from
34:
An example of the potential complexity of grade separation, seen in the
2203:
2079:
1952:
1888:
1853:
1833:
1714:
1684:
1654:
1594:
1542:
1194:
635:
559:
486:
436:
523:
In railway construction, grade separation also means the avoidance of
45:
2074:
1921:
1808:
1768:
1758:
1753:
1644:
1512:
1507:
1357:
1276:
1233:
1184:
1174:
1169:
1159:
768:
744:
646:
563:
540:
261:
252:
143:
In North
America, a grade-separated junction may be referred to as a
137:
58:
2267:
2262:
2094:
1843:
1838:
1699:
1664:
1602:
1248:
1223:
1048:
709:
474:
328:
289:
216:
129:
109:
69:
50:
452:
2165:
2149:
1818:
1669:
1179:
1154:
991:
Dual carriageway / Divided highway / Expressway
921:
772:
713:
694:
490:
478:
324:
285:
281:
270:
39:
2272:
1942:
1352:
1315:
748:
670:
528:
133:
125:
121:
857:
614:
Virtually all major railway lines no longer cross (forming an
678:
621:
117:
54:
952:
650:
504:
or braided ramps to separate entering and exiting traffic.
469:), or in urban areas with many close-spaced junctions. The
105:
618:) at flat level (although many diverge - i.e. 'Y' shape).
1783:
481:, is a notorious example, as are parts of the southern
365:
622:
High-speed railways (200 km/h or 120 mph+)
661:main lines. The lines are included as part of the
2341:
641:In the United States, a flying junction on the
460:On roadways with grade-separated interchanges,
827:
235:The term is most widely applied to describe a
937:
673:. The most complex of these junctions, near
787:Nineteenth-century pedestrian underpass in
743:where cycling is strongly encouraged. Long
512:
944:
930:
719:
219:, but these can be time-consuming to use.
834:ENGINEERING HANDBOOK, Second Edition 1950
596:(LSWR) made use of a flying junction at
451:
351:
318:
75:
63:
44:
29:
14:
2342:
677:, handles railway traffic for Amtrak,
411:
356:4 level stack interchange between the
349:These junctions connect two freeways:
2040:Median / Central reservation
925:
809:City of Eureka Municipal Code 71.85
500:Weaving can be alleviated by using
485:, the M6/M5 junction north-west of
24:
1958:Risk compensation (road transport)
951:
859:Texas Department of Transportation
569:
344:
25:
2361:
489:, and the A4/M5 junction west of
177:, which are not grade-separated.
2324:Glossary of road transport terms
891:Reducing risk at level crossings
780:
756:
609:Clapham Junction railway station
594:London and South Western Railway
483:M25, the London orbital motorway
301:; it is all but impossible on a
201:
398:Turbine (whirlpool) interchange
900:
884:
851:
821:
802:
545:Level Crossing Removal Project
432:Single-point urban interchange
427:Partial cloverleaf interchange
68:Rail-rail grade separation in
13:
1:
2306:Pavement performance modeling
2296:International roughness index
795:
335:- a type of grade separation.
185:
2301:Present serviceability index
2095:Sidewalk / Pavement
1640:Diamond grinding of pavement
7:
2273:Underpass / Tunnel
2268:Overpass / Flyover
2022:High-occupancy vehicle lane
1912:Driving under the influence
986:Freeway / Motorway
775:was built for pedestrians.
507:
502:collector/distributor roads
230:
10:
2366:
1200:Highway systems by country
573:
516:
447:
180:
96:is a method of aligning a
2319:
2311:Granular base equivalency
2281:
2252:
2158:
2130:Traffic signal preemption
1975:
1935:
1897:
1739:
1728:
1580:
1538:Right-in/right-out (RIRO)
1467:
1444:Single-point urban (SPUI)
1384:
1375:
1303:
1208:
1122:
1004:
971:
962:
305:, though a few do exist.
132:, also called flyovers),
2291:Pavement condition index
2017:High-occupancy toll lane
2012:Contraflow lane reversal
1987:Barrier transfer machine
513:With roads and footpaths
404:Various incarnations of
339:
225:
53:for grade separation in
1145:Express-collector setup
867:TxDOT Visual Dictionary
828:Henry K. Evans (1950).
720:Footbridges and subways
585:and one which is not a
389:Cloverstack interchange
303:U.S. Interstate Highway
2329:Road types by features
2224:Raised pavement marker
2191:Constant-slope barrier
2115:Traffic directionality
2105:Street running railway
1528:Protected intersection
897:. Accessed 27 May 2024
467:cloverleaf interchange
457:
380:Cloverleaf interchange
369:
336:
153:– in contrast with an
81:
73:
61:
42:
36:Jane Byrne Interchange
2186:Concrete step barrier
1523:Offset T-intersection
704:, which includes the
659:Pennsylvania Railroad
556:Great Central Railway
455:
355:
333:Leipzig-Halle Airport
322:
310:fully grade separated
79:
67:
48:
33:
27:Type of road junction
2229:Road surface marking
1927:Single-vehicle crash
1650:Full depth recycling
1548:Seagull intersection
700:In what is known as
401:Windmill interchange
2055:Pedestrian crossing
1618:Reinforced concrete
1454:Three-level diamond
1165:Two-lane expressway
1150:Farm-to-market road
706:former Soviet Union
422:Diamond interchange
412:Partially separated
385:Trumpet interchange
90:highway engineering
88:(more specifically
2085:Runaway truck ramp
1907:Driver's education
1695:Rubberized asphalt
1630:Crocodile cracking
1553:Split intersection
1321:Hierarchy of roads
1282:Single carriageway
912:2011-02-23 at the
814:2012-02-12 at the
691:CSX Transportation
683:New Jersey Transit
663:Northeast Corridor
628:high-speed railway
533:high speed railway
458:
406:spaghetti junction
395:Semi-directional T
370:
337:
82:
74:
62:
43:
2337:
2336:
2145:Wide outside lane
1971:
1970:
1948:Automotive safety
1829:Road slipperiness
1576:
1575:
1424:Diverging diamond
1371:
1370:
1287:Single-track road
1229:Bicycle boulevard
667:Keystone Corridor
643:Nickel Plate Road
374:Stack interchange
294:dual carriageways
280:Typically, large
86:civil engineering
16:(Redirected from
2357:
2181:Cat's eye (road)
2002:Complete streets
1774:Dead Man's Curve
1737:
1736:
1675:Pavement milling
1590:Asphalt concrete
1533:Quadrant roadway
1474:
1396:
1382:
1381:
1348:Street hierarchy
996:Elevated highway
969:
968:
946:
939:
932:
923:
922:
916:
904:
898:
888:
882:
881:
879:
878:
869:. Archived from
855:
849:
848:
846:
845:
825:
819:
818:(California, US)
806:
784:
760:
687:Norfolk Southern
675:Philadelphia Zoo
602:Southern Railway
598:Worting Junction
552:London Extension
299:British motorway
168:diamond crossing
145:grade separation
94:grade separation
21:
2365:
2364:
2360:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2354:
2340:
2339:
2338:
2333:
2315:
2283:
2277:
2248:
2239:Traffic barrier
2199:F-Shape barrier
2154:
2110:Traffic calming
2070:Reversible lane
2060:Pedestrian zone
2045:Motorcycle lane
2007:Contraflow lane
1979:time allocation
1978:
1967:
1963:Underride guard
1931:
1893:
1779:Expansion joint
1741:
1731:
1724:
1710:Stamped asphalt
1572:
1503:Continuous flow
1476:
1472:
1471:
1463:
1397:
1393:grade-separated
1390:
1389:
1367:
1326:Private highway
1299:
1204:
1118:
1000:
958:
950:
920:
919:
914:Wayback Machine
905:
901:
889:
885:
876:
874:
856:
852:
843:
841:
826:
822:
816:Wayback Machine
807:
803:
798:
791:
785:
776:
761:
722:
624:
583:flying junction
578:
576:Flying junction
572:
570:Flying junction
543:as part of the
525:level crossings
521:
515:
510:
450:
414:
364:(above) in the
347:
345:Fully separated
342:
275:grade separated
233:
228:
204:
188:
183:
28:
23:
22:
18:Grade-separated
15:
12:
11:
5:
2363:
2353:
2352:
2350:Junction types
2335:
2334:
2332:
2331:
2326:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2287:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2256:
2254:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2209:Jersey barrier
2206:
2201:
2196:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2162:
2160:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2140:Unused highway
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2120:Traffic island
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1983:
1981:
1973:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1917:Drowsy driving
1914:
1909:
1903:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1799:Level crossing
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1745:
1743:
1734:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1621:
1620:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1597:
1592:
1586:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1498:Channelization
1495:
1490:
1485:
1483:3-way junction
1479:
1477:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1400:
1398:
1385:
1379:
1377:Road junctions
1373:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1366:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1344:
1343:
1341:business route
1338:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1307:
1305:
1301:
1300:
1298:
1297:
1292:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1271:
1269:Primitive road
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1140:County highway
1137:
1135:Collector road
1132:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1109:United Kingdom
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1044:Czech Republic
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1010:
1008:
1002:
1001:
999:
998:
993:
988:
983:
977:
975:
973:Limited-access
966:
960:
959:
949:
948:
941:
934:
926:
918:
917:
899:
883:
863:"Braided Ramp"
850:
820:
800:
799:
797:
794:
793:
792:
786:
779:
777:
762:
755:
747:may be called
721:
718:
626:On almost all
623:
620:
587:level junction
574:Main article:
571:
568:
519:level crossing
514:
511:
509:
506:
449:
446:
445:
444:
440:
434:
429:
424:
413:
410:
409:
408:
402:
399:
396:
393:
390:
387:
382:
377:
346:
343:
341:
338:
267:United Kingdom
232:
229:
227:
224:
203:
200:
187:
184:
182:
179:
174:level crossing
49:Seven various
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2351:
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2327:
2325:
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2318:
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2299:
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2280:
2274:
2271:
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2264:
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2258:
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2255:
2251:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2219:Noise barrier
2217:
2215:
2212:
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2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
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2189:
2187:
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2179:
2177:
2176:Cable barrier
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
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2161:
2157:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2125:Traffic lanes
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
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2078:
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2068:
2066:
2065:Refuge island
2063:
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2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2030:Living street
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1997:Climbing lane
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1984:
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1980:
1974:
1964:
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1928:
1925:
1923:
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1910:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1899:Human factors
1896:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1864:Traffic light
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1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
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1832:
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1825:
1822:
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1815:
1814:Oversize load
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1804:Manhole cover
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1646:
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1641:
1638:
1636:
1635:Crushed stone
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1518:Michigan left
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1501:
1499:
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1470:Intersections
1466:
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1457:
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1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1419:Directional T
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1402:
1401:
1399:
1394:
1388:
1383:
1380:
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1364:
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1359:
1356:
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1337:
1336:special route
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1254:Frontage road
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1130:Arterial road
1128:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1115:
1114:United States
1112:
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1100:
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965:
964:Types of road
961:
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933:
928:
927:
924:
915:
911:
908:
907:OpenStreetMap
903:
896:
892:
887:
873:on 2020-03-06
872:
868:
864:
860:
854:
840:on 2018-10-13
839:
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688:
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680:
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672:
669:now owned by
668:
664:
660:
656:
655:United States
652:
648:
644:
639:
637:
633:
629:
619:
617:
612:
610:
605:
603:
599:
595:
592:In 1897, the
590:
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584:
577:
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553:
548:
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438:
435:
433:
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428:
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419:
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407:
403:
400:
397:
394:
392:Directional T
391:
388:
386:
383:
381:
378:
375:
372:
371:
367:
363:
359:
354:
350:
334:
330:
326:
323:A plane on a
321:
317:
315:
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306:
304:
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295:
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287:
283:
278:
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268:
264:
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258:
254:
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249:United States
246:
242:
238:
237:road junction
223:
220:
218:
212:
208:
202:Disadvantages
199:
197:
193:
178:
176:
175:
170:
169:
164:
163:
158:
157:
152:
151:
146:
141:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
120:, or airport
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
78:
71:
66:
60:
56:
52:
47:
41:
37:
32:
19:
2244:Traffic cone
2234:Rumble strip
2135:Truck bypass
2090:Shared space
2050:Passing lane
2035:Managed lane
1992:Bicycle lane
1874:Washboarding
1869:Traffic sign
1794:Hairpin turn
1563:Texas U-turn
1493:Box junction
1392:
1387:Interchanges
1331:Route number
1239:Country lane
981:Bike freeway
902:
895:Network Rail
886:
875:. Retrieved
871:the original
866:
853:
842:. Retrieved
838:the original
833:
823:
804:
789:Central Park
733:Central Park
723:
699:
640:
625:
613:
606:
591:
579:
562:and even to
549:
537:Network Rail
522:
499:
495:
461:
459:
415:
360:(below) and
348:
314:free-flowing
313:
309:
307:
279:
274:
260:
244:
240:
234:
221:
213:
209:
205:
192:speed limits
189:
172:
166:
160:
156:intersection
154:
148:
144:
142:
102:traffic flow
93:
83:
2282:Performance
2214:Kassel kerb
2171:Botts' dots
2159:Demarcation
1859:Storm drain
1824:Road debris
1749:Aquaplaning
1742:environment
1730:Road safety
1608:Cobblestone
1558:Superstreet
1363:Winter road
1311:Concurrency
1304:Other terms
1295:Sunken lane
1264:Main street
1209:Local roads
765:Frank Gehry
745:underpasses
737:Netherlands
725:Footbridges
702:"area 1520"
564:street cars
439:interchange
257:New Zealand
150:interchange
138:underpasses
2284:indicators
2253:Structures
2204:Guard rail
2080:Road verge
1953:Seat belts
1889:Snowsquall
1854:Speed bump
1834:Road train
1655:Glassphalt
1595:Bioasphalt
1568:Turnaround
1543:Roundabout
1473:(at-grade)
1439:Roundabout
1404:Cloverleaf
1259:Green lane
1195:Trunk road
1123:Main roads
1006:By country
877:2020-05-10
844:2010-10-09
796:References
767:-designed
560:light rail
517:See also:
487:Birmingham
437:Roundabout
262:slip roads
186:Advantages
130:overpasses
51:overpasses
2075:Road diet
1977:Space and
1922:Road rage
1809:Oil spill
1769:Crosswind
1759:Black ice
1754:Avalanche
1680:Permeable
1513:Jughandle
1508:Hook turn
1414:Free-flow
1358:Toll road
1277:Side road
1234:Boulevard
1190:Super two
1185:Ring road
1160:Link road
1059:Hong Kong
1014:Australia
956:hierarchy
769:BP bridge
647:Cleveland
616:'X' shape
541:Melbourne
471:ring road
327:over the
290:motorways
253:Australia
245:off ramps
196:accidents
147:or as an
110:footpaths
59:Barcelona
2344:Category
2263:Causeway
2100:Shoulder
1936:Vehicles
1884:Whiteout
1844:Rockfall
1839:Roadkill
1764:Bleeding
1740:Road and
1700:Sealcoat
1625:Corduroy
1613:Concrete
1603:Chipseal
1582:Surfaces
1434:Raindrop
1249:Driveway
1244:Dead end
1224:Backroad
1175:2+2 road
1170:2+1 road
1094:Portugal
1084:Pakistan
910:Archived
812:Archived
710:Liubotyn
645:through
508:Railways
475:Coventry
329:Autobahn
286:highways
282:freeways
231:Overview
162:at-grade
114:railways
98:junction
70:Xiaoshan
2166:Bollard
2150:Woonerf
1879:Washout
1819:Pothole
1732:factors
1720:Texture
1690:Plastic
1670:Macadam
1459:Trumpet
1409:Diamond
1180:Parkway
1155:Highway
1069:Ireland
1049:Germany
1039:Croatia
1019:Belgium
773:Chicago
749:tunnels
741:Denmark
729:subways
714:Ukraine
695:Conrail
554:of the
539:and in
529:bridges
491:Bristol
479:England
462:weaving
448:Weaving
325:taxiway
271:Ireland
181:Effects
134:tunnels
126:Bridges
122:runways
72:, China
40:Chicago
2259:Bridge
1943:Airbag
1715:Tarmac
1660:Gravel
1488:Bowtie
1429:Parclo
1353:Stroad
1316:Detour
1291:Street
1219:Avenue
1104:Taiwan
1089:Poland
1054:Greece
1029:Canada
1024:Brazil
693:, and
671:Amtrak
632:Taiwan
118:canals
1685:Plank
1599:Brick
1449:Stack
1215:Alley
1099:Spain
1079:Nepal
1074:Italy
1064:India
1034:China
679:SEPTA
636:Japan
340:Types
292:, or
259:) or
226:Roads
217:lifts
171:or a
106:roads
57:near
55:Spain
2195:Curb
2026:Lane
1789:Ford
1705:Sett
1645:Dirt
1273:Road
953:Road
763:The
739:and
727:and
665:and
651:Ohio
634:and
550:The
443:four
243:and
165:, a
136:(or
128:(or
1849:Rut
1784:Fog
1665:Ice
771:in
712:in
473:of
362:M23
358:M25
331:at
312:or
92:),
84:In
38:in
2346::
893:-
865:.
861:.
832:.
751:.
716:.
697:.
689:,
685:,
681:,
653:,
649:,
589:.
566:.
547:.
477:,
366:UK
316:.
288:,
284:,
277:.
269:,
255:,
251:,
241:on
198:.
159:,
124:.
116:,
112:,
108:,
1395:)
1391:(
945:e
938:t
931:v
880:.
847:.
368:.
265:(
247:(
20:)
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