950:
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22:
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34:
381:
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are made in relations to
Indonesian, and particularly the Javanese and related Balinese society cultures. A very large (and expensive) gong ageng is often commissioned for prestigious state-sponsored projects. Two famous ones include the Surabaya Naval Dockyard statue (weighing over 2000 kg) and
185:
qualities. The pitch desired is very deep, distinctly pitched rumble that sound like thunder or the "rolling waves of the sea". Slight differences in the opposite halves of a gong create a desired "beating" in the sound. It is named according to subjective poetic descriptive images for different
208:
was measured to have a fundamental tone of 44.5 Hz. The Gong Ageng has about a dozen prominent exponentially decaying partials, with some component frequency ratios that closely correspond to harmonics and others that are enharmonic. Many of the partials have a slow amplitude and frequency
144:
Commonly, less expensive iron gong ageng or a slit-type gong are made to fulfill the role of the bronze gong, though at the loss of sound quality- for poorer regions and villages. The cost of expertly pure cast & beaten bronze has seen a rise in bronze-plated and bronze-laminated iron gongs
333:
is the smaller gong in the set used for smaller phrases. It is generally pitched higher, and at different pitches for pélog and sléndro. Frequently gamelans will have more than one gong suwukan, for different ending notes, and different
136:
usually has its own name, which may be bestow upon the entire set of instruments. The gong ageng is considered the most important instrument in a gamelan ensemble: the soul or spirit of the gamelan is said to live in the gong.
172:
Traditionally, it is the first of the instruments to be made. A highly skilled gong-smith will smelt and cast, then supervises the hammering process, but will be solely responsible for the final fine tuning of the
419:
is often struck, just as in
Western society a ribbon may be cut or a champagne bottle smashed (commissioning of a building or ship, launching a project, finalizing a major business deal, and similar occasions).
129:
as large as 135 centimeters (53 inches) have been created in the past, but gongs larger than about 80 centimeters (31 inches) are more common especially to suit the budget of educational institutions.
181:. It is the single most costly and lengthy item to fabricate- and often requires multiple re-castings due to stress-cracks created in the beating process of forming it and undesired tonal or
141:
are often proffered ritual offerings of flowers, food, and/or and incense before performances or each
Thursday evening to appease spirits believed to live in and around it.
1449:
209:
modulation of a few Hertz, and a faster modulation around 20 Hz. The instruments of the gamelan are then fabricated on the fundamental tone of the
341:
Most common is a 1 for pathet sanga and lima, and 2 for pélog pathet nem and barang, and sléndro pathet nem and manyura. Usually a 1 can be played for
412:(approximate diameter 3 meters, weight several thousand kilogram). These two former gong ageng can be heard a distance of 20 kilometers out to sea.
1407:
1402:
1092:
153:
196:
The gong is fabricated to resonate at the lowest thresholds of human hearing (20 Hz to 20,000 Hz). Actual pitch will vary, but a fine
1127:
186:
speeds of beats, comparing slow beats with waves of water and faster beats with Bima's laughter (Bima is one of the
Pandawa brothers in the
1442:
1087:
792:
1823:
1435:
776:
755:
734:
713:
663:
638:
566:
537:. "The largest phrase of a gamelan melody is marked by the deepest sounding and largest instrument, the large gong or
21:
849:
534:
692:, Volume 47: 1999, . Audio Engineering Society. Hong Kong University of Science & Technology. Available as pdf:
132:
There is at least one large gong in each gamelan, but two are common and older gamelans may have three or more. The
121:
sound. It is circular, with a conical, tapering base of diameter smaller than gong face, with a protruding polished
1813:
1792:
157:
Two men (right) are lifting the gong depicted on the 13th-century temple reliefs at the Candi Induk,
1056:
693:
793:
http://www.seasite.niu.edu/indonesian/budaya_bangsa/gamelan/javanese_gamelan/gongs/gong_ageng.htm
1427:
583:
1026:
1001:
971:
842:
1621:
1282:
8:
1122:
1011:
921:
122:
821:, . Yayasan Masyakarat Musikologi Indonesia and Duta Wacana University Press Yogyakarta.
306:
is employed. Some gamelan sets for cost considerations will use the gong ageng for both
229:
1698:
1673:
1459:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1187:
1177:
1117:
1082:
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494:
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ending in 1 or 5, and a 2 for 2 or 6. A few gamelans include a gong suwukan 3 as well.
177:
pitch- the rest of the ensemble is tuned (and named) according to the qualities of the
79:
76:
33:
1066:
1051:
1006:
772:
751:
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72:
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are used to herald the arrival of guests. Less important guests are heralded by the
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996:
83:
380:
1818:
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1132:
1016:
991:
986:
817:
Masyarakat Seni
Pertunjukan Indonesia, Masyarakat Musikologi Indonesia (1991).
1807:
1787:
1746:
1733:
1031:
1021:
911:
559:
Tone measurements of outstanding
Javanese gamelan in Yogyakarta and Surakarta
499:
342:
114:
769:
Traditions of
Gamelan Music in Java: Musical Pluralism and Regional Identity
1112:
452:
389:
238:
118:
1397:
1392:
557:
Wasisto
Surjodiningrat (Raden Mas), P. J. Sudarjana, Adhi Susanto (1993).
1525:
578:
University of South Dakota. US National Music Museum, The Beede
Gallery:
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is central and fundamental to the gamelan orchestra. Similes between the
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190:
187:
1718:
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42:
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1563:
1500:
1492:
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688:
Ayers, Lydia and Homer, Andrew (1999). "Synethesizing a Gong Ageng",
423:
In the houses of the wealthy, mainly
Javanese aristocrat families of
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479:
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126:
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Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Northern Illinois University:
727:
Music in Java: Its history, its theory and its technique, Volume 1
368:). In other Indonesian and Philippine cultures, its analog is the
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38:
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http://www.music.mcgill.ca/~ich/research/misc/papers/cr1116.pdf
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Gong Ageng from the Javanese Gamelan Kyai Rengga Manis Everist
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The nuclear theme as a determinant of patet in Javanese music
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280:
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106:
221:) of It is typically pitched to match the 6 of the gamelan.
1723:
1641:
1160:
679:
Museum Nusantara, Delft: www.xs4all.nl/~gjvo/gamelan/delft.
652:
The Evolution of Javanese Gamelan: Music of the roaring sea
584:
http://orgs.usd.edu/nmm/Gamelan/9918/GongAgeng99189919.html
385:
98:
94:
90:
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A Gong depicted on the 15th-century temple reliefs at the
101:
gamelan orchestra and the only large gong that is called
658:, Pocketbooks of musicology; p.62-64. Heinrichshofen.
586:. Updated 9 September 2009. Access date 24 May 2010.
442:
125:where it is struck by a padded mallet. Gongs with
1805:
352:plays a similar role in Sundanese gamelan (e.g.
113:tam-tams, Indonesian gongs have fixed, focused
1443:
843:
656:Volume 1 of The Evolution of Javanese Gamelan
599:, p.418. London: The Rough Guides. 1858280176
612:, . Gadjah Mada University Press. 9794203866
706:The evolution of Javanese gamelan, Volume 2
608:Wasisto Surjodiningrat (Raden Mas) (1996).
1450:
1436:
850:
836:
364:(and not to be confused with the Javanese
251:demarcates the larger phrase structure or
117:, and are dissimilar to the familiar puke
610:An introduction to Javanese Gamelan Music
521:
519:
517:
515:
213:pitch is basis of the slendro pitch "6" (
145:created for the undiscerning expatriate.
690:Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
379:
228:
152:
32:
20:
633:, p.64. Noetzel, Heinrichshofen-Books.
627:Book 3 of Evolution of Javanese gamelan
595:Broughton, Simon, et al., eds. (1994).
415:On auspicious or important occasions a
1806:
512:
360:in Balinese gamelan is similar to the
275:strikes, which are subordinate to the
267:punctuate the subdivisions of time. A
1431:
831:
314:scale systems. A truly full set in a
105:in Javanese. Unlike the more famous
1458:Traditional musical instruments of
375:
13:
561:, . Gadjah Mada University Press.
408:in the seaside resort of Ancol in
89:. It is the largest of the bronze
14:
1835:
384:Pande (Gamelan Maker) is burning
948:
942:
771:, . Cambridge University Press.
767:Richard Anderson Sutton (1991).
675:Geert van Oldenborgh, G. (2002)
459:
445:
291:is the longest time-span in the
811:
798:
782:
761:
740:
719:
698:
283:, and length of the structure (
1824:Indonesian musical instruments
1128:List of U.S. gamelan ensembles
790:Indonesian Gamelan: Gong ageng
682:
677:Tone Measurement of Gong Ageng
669:
644:
615:
602:
589:
572:
55:(largest, right-side) and its
1:
505:
271:is the time span between the
16:Indonesian musical instrument
597:World Music: The Rough Guide
148:
51:gongs are suspended between
7:
1788:List of gamelan instruments
857:
438:
224:
10:
1840:
819:Seni pertunjukan Indonesia
795:. Access date 24 May 2010.
623:Paragon of the roaring sea
525:Lindsay, Jennifer (1992).
75:, means large gong) is an
1793:List of gamelan varieties
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1732:
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1378:
1325:
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1141:
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957:
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804:Dewantara, Karya (1931).
631:Pocketbooks of musicology
302:(compositions), only the
1057:Semar pegulingan gamelan
259:structure, Between, the
159:Panataran temple complex
59:(left, facing rearward).
318:(palace) will have two
396:
295:structure of gamelan.
245:
169:
60:
30:
1814:Colotomic instruments
1027:Joged bumbung gamelan
1002:Gender wayang gamelan
746:Hood, Mantle (1977).
704:Hood, Mantle (1980).
650:Hood, Mantle (1980).
621:Hood, Mantle (1988).
545:is made of bronze..."
383:
232:
156:
36:
24:
725:Kunst, Jaap (1949).
708:, . Heinrichshofen.
1123:Gamelan Son of Lion
1012:Gong kebyar gamelan
922:Gendhing structures
750:, . Da Capo Press.
729:, . Nijhoff, 1973.
45:scale set. Smaller
1674:Kempyang and ketuk
1118:Gamelan Sekar Jaya
1083:K. P. H. Notoprojo
1067:Surakartan gamelan
982:Beleganjur gamelan
977:Bebonangan gamelan
495:Music of Indonesia
397:
246:
200:of example of the
170:
80:musical instrument
61:
31:
1801:
1800:
1425:
1424:
1421:
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1052:Selunding gamelan
1007:Gong gede gamelan
777:978-0-521-36153-8
756:978-0-306-77419-5
735:978-90-247-1519-0
714:978-3-7959-0281-0
664:978-3-7959-0280-3
639:978-3-7959-0282-7
567:978-979-420-273-9
1831:
1781:Related articles
1752:Gordang sambilan
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1363:Kendang ketipung
1223:Bonang panembung
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1098:Rahayu Supanggah
1042:Salendro gamelan
1037:Munggang gamelan
972:Angklung gamelan
967:American gamelan
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958:Genres &
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1276:elaborating
1142:Instruments
779:. 291 pages
737:. 660 pages
569:. 56 pages.
529:, p.10-11.
235:Candi Sukuh
188:Mahabharata
1808:Categories
1647:Gong ageng
1589:Idiophones
1539:Cekuntrung
1493:Aerophones
1379:Vocals and
1166:Gong ageng
1088:Nartosabdo
806:Sari Swara
543:gong ageng
539:gong ageng
506:References
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331:gong siyem
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298:In larger
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77:Indonesian
69:gong gedhe
65:gong ageng
53:gong ageng
1654:Karinding
1564:Kongahyan
1485:Totobuang
1481:Talempong
1477:Kolintang
1473:Kulintang
1460:Indonesia
1408:Senggakan
1326:Unpitched
1310:Celempung
1272:Panerusan
1201:or melody
1150:Colotomic
1076:Musicians
960:ensembles
394:Indonesia
293:colotomic
243:Indonesia
167:Indonesia
163:East Java
149:Acoustics
71:in Ngoko
1719:Tamborin
1709:Slenthem
1632:Genggong
1607:Babendil
1602:Angklung
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1501:Akordeon
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1388:Gerongan
1381:clapping
1198:Balungan
1178:Kempyang
1103:Sumarsam
917:Colotomy
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439:See also
300:gendhing
225:Function
127:diameter
99:Balinese
95:Javanese
84:Javanese
73:Javanese
29:ensemble
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859:Gamelan
475:Gamelan
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356:). The
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287:). the
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93:in the
87:gamelan
43:sléndro
1767:Rebana
1694:Reyong
1689:Kubing
1684:Kepyak
1679:Kenong
1669:Kempul
1637:Gendèr
1627:Gangsa
1617:Calung
1612:Bonang
1559:Kacapi
1554:Hasapi
1549:Gambus
1511:Suling
1413:Keplok
1370:Kepyak
1317:Suling
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1208:Bonang
1183:Kenong
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866:Theory
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354:degung
336:pathet
289:gongan
285:bentuk
269:gongan
265:kempul
257:gongan
253:gongan
183:timbre
48:kempul
1819:Gongs
1742:Bedug
1704:Siter
1699:Saron
1659:Kecer
1597:Agung
1579:Sapeh
1569:Rebab
1338:Kecer
1333:Bedug
1305:Siter
1300:Rebab
1230:Saron
1188:Ketuk
929:Irama
912:Gatra
903:Imbal
893:Seleh
873:Pelog
370:agung
343:gatra
308:pélog
281:irama
277:tempo
217:, or
206:Delft
115:pitch
91:gongs
39:pélog
1724:Ugal
1642:Gong
1403:Alok
1161:Gong
773:ISBN
752:ISBN
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563:ISBN
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399:The
386:Gong
348:The
325:The
310:and
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215:enam
191:epic
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