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205:, in which glass is melted over a flame fed by air from a foot-powered bellows, then shaped using tools to pinch, pull or cut; forms were blown as well. Their old-fashioned Bohemian lamp-working table is part of the museum exhibit. Over the years Rudolf brought more and more of the entire production process under his personal control, eventually even manufacturing his own glass and colorants.
87:. It includes 847 life-size models (representing 780 species and varieties of plants in 164 families) and some 3,000 detail models such as of plant parts and anatomical sections. The collection comprises approximately 4,400 individual glass models representing over 830 plant species. Among the models, 64 glass sculptures depict the effect of
141:
went to
Dresden to ask them to make a series of glass botanical models for Harvard, which would be three-dimensional and with stable color. Leopold was hesitant but eventually agreed to make some sample models which, though badly damaged in customs, convinced Goodale of their value in botanical teaching.
185:
It is often said that the
Blaschkas employed secret techniques now lost; in fact their techniques were common at the time, but their skill, enthusiasm, and meticulous study and observation of their subjects in life were extraordinary, which Leopold ascribed to familial tradition, in a letter to Mary
148:
Ware, who were already liberal benefactors of
Harvard's botanical department. The original arrangement (in 1887) provided that the Blaschkas would work half time on the project, but in 1890 a new arrangement called for them to work full-time. The work continued until 1936, at which point Leopold and
140:
At the time botanical specimens were pressed, carefully labeled, and put on display. The pressing lost the three-dimensional aspect of the specimens, and the formerly living tissues lost their color. In 1886 the
Blaschkas were approached by Professor Goodale, who after seeing their marine models,
232:
reporter taking the tour commented "Tercentenary or no, the chief focus of interest remains the famous glass flowers, the first of which was put on exhibition in 1893, and which with additions at intervals since, have never failed to draw exclamations of wonder or disbelief from visitors." Many
208:
Botanist Donald
Schnell has called the models "enchanting", and relates his surprise at finding that the models faithfully depict an unpublished detail of a bee's behavior while pollinating a particular plant—a detail which he had privately hypothesized. Whitehouse and Small wrote that "the
225:
The Glass
Flowers is one of the most noted tourist attractions of the Boston area. More than 210,000 visitors view the collection annually. In 1936, when Harvard invited the public to tour the campus in honor of its tercentenary, a
174:"In memory of physician Charles Eliot Ware (1814–1887), a graduate of this university. These models were presented by his wife and daughter who survived him. He sincerely cherished and deeply loved native plants as friends."
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superiority in design and construction of the
Blaschka models surpasses all modern model making to date and the skill and art of the Blaschkas rests in peace for eternity."
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visitors initially believe the Glass
Flowers to be real, organic, plants and soon after entering or leaving exhibition inquire "Where are the glass flowers?"
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Rossi-Wilcox SM. 2008. From reference specimen to
Verisimilitude: the Blaschkas' penchant for botanical accuracy. Hist Biol 20(1):11–18.
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190:... The only way to become a glass modeler of skill, I have often said to people, is to get a good great-grandfather who loved glass."
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The models are glass with wire supports (internal or external), glue, a variety of organic media, and paint or enamel coloring. The
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Schultes, Richard Evans., William A. Davis, and Hillel Burger. The Glass
Flowers at Harvard. New York: Dutton, 1982. Print.
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Lee Ware: "Many people think that we have some secret apparatus by which we can squeeze glass suddenly into these forms
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https://www.bostonglobe.com/arts/theater-art/2016/05/24/harvard-glass-flowers-return/SwICUX1ZgpsP3CPPeMbpuO/story.html
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has called them "anatomically perfect and, given all the glass-workers who've tried and failed, unreproducible."
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The Archives of Rudolph and Leopold Blaschka and the Ware Collection of Blaschka Glass Models of Plants -
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To fund the project Goodale approached his former student Mary Lee Ware and her mother, Elizabeth
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660:"Enchanted invertebrates: Blaschka models and other simulacra in National Museums Scotland"
625:
Schnell, Donald (2002). Carnivorous Plants of the United States and Canada. Timber Press.
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for Poetry in 2008), "The Ware Collection of Glass Flowers and Fruit, Harvard Museum", in
8:
2013:
1975:
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http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/goodale-george.pdf
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Flowers that never fade / Franklin Baldwin Wiley. Boston Bradlee Whidden, Publisher 1897
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755:, held by the Rakow Library of the Corning Museum of Glass. Retrieved 5 June 2014.
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Starting in 1863 the Blaschkas had a thriving business making glass models of
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131:, selling them to museums and private collectors in a global enterprise (see
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Collection of glass botanical models at the Harvard Museum of Natural History
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156:, the deceased father and husband of Mary and Elizabeth Ware, respectively.
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428:"Glass Flowers: The Ware Collection of Blaschka Glass Models of Plants"
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Leopold and Rudolf Blaschka § Glass marine invertebrates
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Things that talk : object lessons from art and science
487:
464:. Internet Archive. New York : Dutton. p. 3.
33:
The Ware Collection of Blaschka Glass Models of Plants
643:"Back to Back Bay After an Absence of Ten Years".
523:Journal of the American Institute for Conservation
422:
420:
418:
542:Writer, Alvin Powell Harvard Staff (2016-05-17).
532:, Volume 32, Number 3, Article 2 (pp. 231 to 240)
504:http://botlib.huh.harvard.edu/libraries/glass.htm
2183:
1372:Center for African and African American Research
448:National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir
521:NcNally, Rika Smith and Nancy Buschini (1993).
441:
439:
437:
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409:"Exhibition, talk, film explore a sea of glass"
601:Daston, Lorraine (2004). "The Glass Flowers".
371:"The Dillon Weston glass models of microfungi"
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458:Harvard University. Botanical Museum (1982).
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338:"Blaschka Plants Blend Science and Artistry"
275:mouthed to the shape of how soft things are,
796:
782:
63:from 1887 through 1936 at their studio in
2212:Natural history museums in Massachusetts
759:The Story of Rudolf and Leopold Blaschka
636:
544:"Putting the Glass Flowers in new light"
335:
292:"Superior people never make long visits,
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236:At least two poems feature the flowers:
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152:The collection is formally dedicated to
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18:
2021:Institute for Advanced Theater Training
1660:Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review
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2184:
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600:
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267:He's built a perfection out of hunger,
123:Rudolf (standing) and Leopold Blaschka
41:) is a collection of highly realistic
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368:
269:fused layer upon layer, swirled until
201:The Blaschkas' primary technique was
71:, the collection was commissioned by
2164:
1813:Collection of Scientific Instruments
294:have to be shown Longfellow's grave,
2217:Museums in Cambridge, Massachusetts
658:Swinney, Geoffrey N. (2008-02-01).
13:
1601:Center for Nonprofit Organizations
336:McFadden, Robert D. (1976-03-08).
296:or the glass flowers at Harvard."
271:what can't be tasted, won't yield,
212:
91:, in particular plant diseases of
75:, the first director of Harvard's
14:
2233:
2057:List of Harvard University people
764:Flowers Out of Glass (Penn State)
736:
566:Harvard's glass flowers return -
369:Tribe, Henry T. (November 1998).
277:how good, before they disappear.
50:Harvard Museum of Natural History
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2152:
2151:
2026:Nieman Foundation for Journalism
1791:Archaeology and Ethnology Museum
769:How Were The Glass Flowers Made?
723:"CABINET // Great Vitreous Tact"
1852:Museum of the Ancient Near East
1674:Journal of Law & Technology
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1454:Baker Library/Bloomberg Center
647:. June 10, 1951. p. XX17.
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2202:Herbaria in the United States
387:10.1016/s0269-915x(98)80074-8
323:
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1606:Center for Public Leadership
1424:Ukrainian Research Institute
461:The glass flowers at Harvard
285:wrote in a poem, "Silence",
7:
2009:Harvard Radcliffe Institute
1473:Harvard Business School RFC
1459:Harvard Business Publishing
1404:Center for Hellenic Studies
1394:Center for European Studies
1261:Lyman Laboratory of Physics
1156:Bright-Landry Hockey Center
1016:Undergraduate organizations
748:The Glass Flowers (Corning)
743:The Glass Flowers (Harvard)
301:
132:
111:Leopold and Rudolf Blaschka
61:Leopold and Rudolf Blaschka
10:
2238:
2192:Harvard University museums
1840:Comparative Zoology Museum
1830:General Artemas Ward House
1739:Program in Health Sciences
1596:Center for Housing Studies
1511:Center for Housing Studies
1389:Center for Chinese Studies
163:
108:
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1989:
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1744:School of Dental Medicine
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1667:International Law Journal
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1626:The Journalist's Resource
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1021:Hasty Pudding Theatricals
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684:10.1080/08912960701677036
582:. Corning Museum of Glass
149:Elizabeth had both died.
2124:Lionel de Jersey Harvard
2119:Harvard University Press
2107:Tercentenary celebration
2031:Real Colegio Complutense
1572:Dean Jeremy M. Weinstein
1226:Extension School history
605:. New York: Zone Books.
273:almost satisfies, an art
54:Cambridge, Massachusetts
23:Blaschka glass model of
2097:Graduate Students Union
2085:Commencement traditions
1999:Harvard Innovation Labs
1505:Harvard Design Magazine
1465:Harvard Business Review
1384:Center for Astrophysics
1041:The Harvard Independent
1835:Natural History Museum
1796:Busch–Reisinger Museum
1681:Journal on Legislation
1399:Center for Visual Arts
1342:Eleanor Elkins Widener
1181:Malkin Athletic Center
1138:Cornell hockey rivalry
299:
290:My father used to say,
280:
262:
222:
198:
175:
154:Dr. Charles Eliot Ware
124:
79:, and was financed by
73:George Lincoln Goodale
29:
1774:Museums and arboretum
1765:Michelle Ann Williams
1611:Institute of Politics
1143:Yale football rivalry
861:President and Fellows
753:The Blaschka Archives
287:
264:
257:The Blaschka-Haus in
256:
220:
196:
173:
122:
22:
2139:University Professor
1823:Mineralogical Museum
1654:Berkman Klein Center
1358:Centers, institutes,
1337:Harry Elkins Widener
1209:Continuing Education
1147:Stadiums and arenas
1027:The Harvard Advocate
939:Freshman dormitories
129:marine invertebrates
2197:Works about flowers
2062:Non-graduate alumni
2014:Schlesinger Library
1976:Smith Campus Center
1786:Harvard Art Museums
1616:Rappaport Institute
1048:The Harvard Lampoon
1034:The Harvard Crimson
727:cabinetmagazine.org
676:2008HBio...20...39S
244:National Book Award
221:Part of the exhibit
134:Glass sea creatures
115:Glass sea creatures
2222:Glass works of art
2134:Society of Fellows
1939:Massachusetts Hall
1621:Shorenstein Center
1553:Bridget Terry Long
1217:Dean Nancy Coleman
1126:Women's volleyball
1091:Women's ice hockey
1071:Women's basketball
943:Upperclass houses
854:Board of Overseers
806:Harvard University
664:Historical Biology
645:The New York Times
580:"Glass Dictionary"
528:2006-02-12 at the
509:2016-06-23 at the
342:The New York Times
308:Artificial flowers
263:
223:
199:
176:
125:
30:
2179:
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1966:President's House
1732:Anatomical Museum
1591:Center for Ethics
1432:
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1419:Rowland Institute
1377:Du Bois Institute
1171:Lavietes Pavilion
932:Radcliffe College
612:978-1-890951-43-6
471:978-0-525-93250-5
85:Elizabeth C. Ware
2229:
2207:History of glass
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2113:Harvard Magazine
2090:Academic regalia
2004:Computing Center
1885:Bradley Memorial
1781:Arnold Arboretum
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1532:David N. Hempton
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1303:Harvard-Yenching
1273:
1247:
1246:Applied Sciences
1221:Extension School
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1191:Newell Boathouse
1121:Men's volleyball
1086:Men's ice hockey
1066:Men's basketball
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69:Dresden, Germany
26:Asarum canadense
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1961:Peabody Terrace
1912:Memorial Church
1902:Graduate Center
1890:Bradstreet Gate
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1727:Medical Library
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1256:David C. Parkes
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1244:Engineering and
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1096:Men's lacrosse‎
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1176:Ohiri Field
1101:Men's rugby
997:Pforzheimer
847:Alan Garber
318:Lampworking
261:-Hosterwitz
203:lampworking
59:Created by
2186:Categories
2080:Alma mater
1992:institutes
1949:Meyer Gate
1896:Discobolus
1695:Law Review
1688:Law Record
1576:Ash Center
1564:Government
1282:Emma Dench
1133:Ivy League
553:2022-10-07
381:(4): 171.
375:Mycologist
355:2022-10-07
324:References
164:See also:
160:The models
105:Background
65:Hosterwitz
1875:1881 Gate
1870:1857 Gate
1861:Cambridge
1543:Education
1291:Libraries
1056:Athletics
842:President
692:0891-2963
395:0269-915X
350:0362-4331
240:Mark Doty
46:botanical
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1845:Herbaria
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1308:Houghton
1081:Football
1061:Baseball
1007:Winthrop
982:Leverett
977:Kirkland
892:Sciences
890:Arts and
700:84854344
586:6 August
526:Archived
507:Archived
302:See also
250:, 1993,
94:Rosaceae
2170:Commons
2129:Math 55
1332:Widener
1151:Beanpot
1076:Fencing
967:Dunster
957:Currier
917:College
878:Library
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819:History
672:Bibcode
259:Dresden
67:, near
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987:Lowell
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1327:Pusey
1298:Cabot
1280:Dean
1254:Dean
972:Eliot
952:Cabot
947:Adams
925:Dean
904:Dean
696:S2CID
89:fungi
43:glass
688:ISSN
627:ISBN
607:ISBN
588:2013
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391:ISSN
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113:and
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137:).
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