275:
381:
1493:
56:
1505:
40:
1481:
63:
1469:
270:
retreated. The oldest existing shorelines were formed after retreat from the
Greatlakean advance (previously called the Valders), sometime around 11,000 years B.P. Lake Duluth formed at the western end of the Lake Superior basin. Lake Duluth overflowed south through outlets in Minnesota and Wisconsin
344:
Valley, was present in the western part of the Lake
Superior Basin. A little later the ice border retreated sufficiently to allow the small independent lakes to become a part of Lake Duluth or to be drained by the lowering of the water level, for in general the water level was lowered as these lakes
392:
outlet. It is probable that several small glacial lakes in succession, Lakes
Nemadji, Ashland, and Ontonagon, merged at lower levels with that of Lake Brule. Lake Nemadji and Lake Ashland dropped less than 20 feet (6.1 m). Lake Ontonagon dropped nearly 200 feet (61 m). Its area is now
400:
The ice lobe retreated eastward in the
Superior basin, taking a long period of time to completely leave the basin. During the process, the outlet continued to deepen and the beaches around the lake continued to drop. Thus, the higher beaches in the eastern portion of the basin are extension of
438:. It is probable that there was a protrusion of the ice into Keweenaw Bay at the time of greatest expansion of Lake Duluth, and the east end of the Keweenaw Peninsula may have been beneath the ice down to the time the Lake Duluth waters were drained eastward.
287:
As the
Superior lobe of the Laurentian Ice Sheet melted, water became trapped along the ice margin and formed several independent lakes. The modern water basins in which these lakes stood have been used for their names.
429:
and finally the eastern part of the Lake
Superior basin. The eastern limits of Lake Duluth on the north coast of Lake Superior have not been determined. It is known, however, that the lake extended at least to the
358:
Lake Brule was a small lake in the Brule River basin south of the copper range. It has its outlet to the St. Croix Valley. This was before Lake Duluth gained the St. Croix as its outlet.
577:
Professional Paper 154—A, Moriaines and Shore Lines of Lake
Superior Basin: Frank Leverett; United States Government Printing Office, Washington; February 9, 1929; (Pages 1-72)
413:, carrying the melt water into the Lake Michigan basin. Lake Duluth was lowered as lower lines drainage along the ice front. Eventually the water level reached that of
372:
Lake
Ontonagon occupied much of the Ontonagon basin, south of the copper range. The ice border remained along the copper range for a long period during its existence.
907:
1065:
246:
Professional Paper 154—A, Moriaines and Shore Lines of Lake
Superior Basin: Frank Leverett; United States Government Printing Office, Washington; February 9, 1929
502:
489:
938:
605:
297:
355:
Lake
Nemadji was an outlet channel leading west from the west end of the Lake Superior Basin to Moose Lake, where it joined the outlet of Lake St. Louis.
305:
289:
917:
1555:
108:
389:
348:
Lake St. Louis was one of the bordering lakes present when the Superior ice lobe was at its full extent. It stood in the part of the
341:
183:
388:
As the ice lobe retreated northwards, the independent lakes listed above joined together, forming a single lake at the level of the
598:
401:
middle and lower beaches in the western basin. The eastern limits of Lake Duluth on the south shore have been found to be at the
1545:
530:
536:
591:
17:
55:
497:
1560:
486:
274:
155:
1535:
1530:
814:
467:
1540:
1243:
447:
410:
325:
1316:
1306:
684:
653:
406:
366:
1550:
1453:
1437:
1402:
457:
362:
317:
380:
328:. Lake Duluth extended a few miles farther east than the Keweenaw Peninsula, to the border of the
583:
1427:
1154:
1149:
1407:
1392:
1223:
1119:
1114:
1002:
992:
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912:
462:
176:
145:
1060:
435:
336:. In the early part of the recession of the ice front Lake Duluth, with an outlet from the
267:
169:
8:
431:
1349:
384:
Map of Prehistoric lakes in the Great Lakes Basin at the end of the Wisconsin Ice Epoch
313:
162:
1135:
632:
526:
1387:
1473:
1228:
1173:
1124:
1109:
409:. Once the ice receded to the east of the mountains, new outlets opened across the
337:
393:
land. Several narrow bays of Lake Duluth, extended up each of the tributaries of
1326:
1021:
968:
897:
712:
617:
520:
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349:
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1233:
1081:
1070:
1050:
1045:
978:
953:
902:
866:
861:
769:
722:
499:
Glacial and Postglacial Geologic History of Isle Royale National Park, Michigan
414:
263:
190:
1524:
1509:
1339:
1301:
1271:
1266:
1144:
1104:
1099:
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1055:
1026:
882:
856:
764:
759:
717:
422:
418:
321:
293:
260:
123:
110:
84:
1497:
1412:
1344:
1334:
1207:
1193:
987:
948:
943:
877:
833:
804:
799:
790:
707:
674:
669:
637:
522:
Wisconsin State Parks: Extraordinary Stories of Geology and Natural History
333:
140:
1397:
1311:
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1202:
1183:
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1036:
1012:
958:
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809:
614:
452:
301:
94:
1432:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1258:
1248:
1178:
1164:
997:
963:
727:
426:
163:
1504:
177:
39:
1367:
887:
824:
743:
679:
613:
509:
by N. King Huber, USGS Geological Survey Professional Paper 754-A
1359:
1422:
352:
drainage basin northwest of the border of the Superior lobe.
1417:
278:
Map of Glacial Lakes Duluth, Chicago, and Lundy (USGS 1915)
361:
Lake Ashland occupied several townships in northwestern
271:
at an elevation of around 331 m above sea level.
487:"Post-Valders Lake Stages in the Lake Superior Basin"
417:. The body of water occupied the western part of the
324:through channels crossing the western part of the
1522:
525:. Wisconsin Historical Society. pp. 63–64.
101:
573:
599:
571:
569:
567:
565:
563:
561:
559:
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553:
369:to the east slope of the Bayfield Peninsula.
606:
592:
550:
316:. To the east, the ice melt drained into
518:
379:
273:
312:basin. These lakes are all west of the
14:
1523:
587:
375:
282:
480:
62:
24:
1556:Glacial lakes of the United States
25:
1572:
512:
1503:
1491:
1479:
1467:
61:
54:
38:
539:from the original on 2021-10-14
421:basin as well as the basins of
292:occupied the headwaters of the
519:Spoolman, Scott (2018-04-12).
13:
1:
1546:Former lakes of North America
815:Proglacial lakes of Minnesota
473:
468:Proglacial lakes of Minnesota
448:Glacial history of Minnesota
27:Former lake in North America
7:
441:
411:Upper Peninsula of Michigan
397:south of the copper range.
326:upper peninsula of Michigan
206:11,000 years before present
10:
1577:
685:West Siberian Glacial Lake
407:Marquette County, Michigan
234:1,300 ft (396 m)
1462:
1454:List of prehistoric lakes
1446:
1438:Great Tehuelche Paleolake
1380:
1358:
1325:
1257:
1216:
1192:
1163:
1133:
1079:
1035:
1011:
977:
847:
823:
789:
782:
752:
736:
700:
693:
662:
646:
625:
458:List of prehistoric lakes
363:Ashland County, Wisconsin
345:merged with Lake Duluth.
242:
238:
230:
222:
218:152 mi (245 km)
214:
210:
202:
189:
175:
161:
151:
139:
100:
90:
80:
49:
37:
32:
226:73 mi (117 km)
1561:Glacial lakes of Canada
908:Lake Houghton (glacial)
365:. It extended west in
1150:Kankakee Outwash Plain
1066:Glacial Lake Sammamish
385:
279:
1115:Lake Jordan (Montana)
1003:Glacial Lake Missoula
993:Glacial Lake Columbia
933:Nipissing Great Lakes
913:Glacial Lake Iroquois
463:Nipissing Great Lakes
436:Fort William, Ontario
383:
300:occupied part of the
277:
1536:Geology of Wisconsin
1531:Geology of Minnesota
1474:Geography portal
1244:Lake Nantucket Sound
1061:Glacial Lake Russell
268:Laurentide Ice Sheet
170:Laurentide Ice Sheet
1541:Geology of Michigan
432:Kaministiquia River
340:Valley through the
259:that formed in the
120: /
44:Glacial Lake Duluth
18:Glacial Lake Duluth
1486:History portal
939:Early Lake Ontario
505:2006-10-12 at the
492:2012-10-19 at the
386:
376:Limits of the lake
314:Keweenaw Peninsula
280:
1518:
1517:
1510:Oceans portal
1376:
1375:
1046:Glacial Lake Hood
935:(Multiple basins)
869:(Multiple basins)
778:
777:
633:Lake Makgadikgadi
532:978-0-87020-850-8
283:Predecessor lakes
250:
249:
231:Surface elevation
124:47.667°N 88.800°W
16:(Redirected from
1568:
1551:Proglacial lakes
1508:
1507:
1498:Lakes portal
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1495:
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1483:
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1471:
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1350:Lake San AgustĂn
1229:Lake Connecticut
1174:Lake Monongahela
1125:Lake Musselshell
1110:Lake Great Falls
787:
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620:and related seas
618:proglacial lakes
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390:St. Croix Valley
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178:Primary outflows
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1327:Rio Grande rift
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1159:
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1022:Lake Bonneville
1007:
973:
969:Lake Whittlesey
898:Early Lake Erie
843:
819:
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713:Baltic Ice Lake
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507:Wayback Machine
494:Wayback Machine
485:
481:
476:
444:
403:Huron Mountains
395:Ontonagon River
378:
367:Bayfield County
350:St. Louis River
342:St. Croix River
330:Huron Mountains
310:Ontonagon River
285:
257:proglacial lake
197:
193: countries
184:St. Croix River
164:Primary inflows
129:47.667; -88.800
128:
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1395:
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1388:Lake Ballivián
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1356:
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1254:
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1241:
1239:Lake Merrimack
1236:
1234:Lake Hitchcock
1231:
1226:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1199:
1197:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1170:
1168:
1161:
1160:
1158:
1157:
1155:Lake Wisconsin
1152:
1147:
1141:
1139:
1131:
1130:
1128:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1086:
1084:
1082:Missouri River
1077:
1076:
1074:
1073:
1071:Lake Skokomish
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1051:Lake Nisqually
1048:
1042:
1040:
1033:
1032:
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1029:
1024:
1018:
1016:
1009:
1008:
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990:
984:
982:
979:Columbia River
975:
974:
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956:
954:Lake Tonawanda
951:
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930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
903:Lake Frontenac
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
867:Lake Algonquin
864:
862:Lake Admiralty
859:
853:
851:
845:
844:
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841:
836:
830:
828:
821:
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817:
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770:Lake Pickering
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723:Mastogloia Sea
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450:
443:
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434:basin west of
415:Lake Algonquin
377:
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306:Lake Ontonagon
284:
281:
264:drainage basin
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1381:South America
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1369:
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1357:
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1343:
1341:
1340:Lake Estancia
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1333:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1318:
1317:Lake Thompson
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1302:Lake Panamint
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1272:Lake Corcoran
1270:
1268:
1267:Lake Cahuilla
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1256:
1250:
1247:
1245:
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1237:
1235:
1232:
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1224:Lake Cape Cod
1222:
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1156:
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1145:Lake Kankakee
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1137:
1132:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1120:Lake McKenzie
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1105:Lake Glendive
1103:
1101:
1100:Lake Cut Bank
1098:
1096:
1093:
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1090:Lake Chouteau
1088:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1078:
1072:
1069:
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1064:
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1059:
1057:
1056:Lake Puyallup
1054:
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1038:
1034:
1028:
1027:Lake Lahontan
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883:Lake Chippewa
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857:Champlain Sea
855:
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783:North America
781:
771:
768:
766:
765:Lake Lapworth
763:
761:
760:Lake Harrison
758:
757:
755:
753:Great Britain
751:
745:
742:
741:
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729:
726:
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718:Littorina Sea
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654:Lake Washburn
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423:Lake Michigan
420:
419:Lake Superior
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322:Lake Michigan
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311:
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294:Nemadji River
291:
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261:Lake Superior
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203:First flooded
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31:
19:
1413:Lake Minchin
1345:Lake Palomas
1335:Lake Alamosa
1307:Lake Russell
1208:Lake Passaic
988:Lake Allison
949:Lake Stanley
944:Lake Saginaw
892:
878:Lake Chicago
834:Lake Ojibway
805:Lake Bassano
800:Lake Agassiz
791:Nelson River
708:Ancylus Lake
675:Lake Tengger
670:Lake Bandung
638:Lake Ptolemy
541:. Retrieved
521:
514:
498:
482:
399:
387:
371:
360:
357:
354:
347:
334:Keweenaw Bay
290:Lake Nemadji
286:
252:
251:
156:Sieur Duluth
1398:Lake Escara
1312:Lake Tecopa
1297:Lake Mojave
1277:Lake Harper
1217:New England
1203:Lake Albany
1184:Teays River
1136:Mississippi
1095:Lake Circle
1037:Puget Sound
1013:Great Basin
959:Lake Warren
928:Lake Minong
923:Lake Maumee
893:Lake Duluth
873:Lake Arkona
849:Great Lakes
839:Tyrrell Sea
810:Lake Souris
615:Pleistocene
453:Lake Minong
338:Brule River
308:was in the
304:basin, and
302:Brule River
253:Lake Duluth
215:Max. length
146:former lake
127: /
102:Coordinates
95:Great Lakes
69:Lake Duluth
33:Lake Duluth
1525:Categories
1433:Lake Tauca
1403:Inca Huasi
1292:Lake Modoc
1287:Lake Manly
1282:Lake Manix
1259:California
1249:Lake Stowe
1179:Lake Tight
998:Lake Lewis
964:Lake Wayne
918:Lake Lundy
728:Yoldia Sea
701:Baltic Sea
647:Antarctica
543:2020-10-29
474:References
427:Lake Huron
332:, east of
298:Lake Brule
243:References
223:Max. width
1368:Lake Atna
888:Lake Dana
825:James Bay
744:Lake Komi
318:Green Bay
152:Etymology
141:Lake type
1167:drainage
1138:drainage
827:drainage
793:drainage
680:Mundafan
537:Archived
503:Archived
490:Archived
442:See also
81:Location
1447:Summary
1428:Salinas
266:as the
115:88°48′W
112:47°40′N
1408:Mataro
1393:Cabana
1360:Alaska
1196:valley
1194:Hudson
1134:Upper
1080:Upper
1039:system
1015:system
981:system
737:Russia
694:Europe
626:Africa
529:
255:was a
196:Canada
1423:Sajsi
496:, in
405:, in
191:Basin
91:Group
1418:Ouki
1165:Ohio
663:Asia
527:ISBN
425:and
320:or
1527::
552:^
535:.
296:,
607:e
600:t
593:v
546:.
20:)
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